Newspaper Page Text
JOHN FORSYTH
PA YET) EVTELF. GX" 1 i
SKETCHl J.BOngg* CtKS.
1W tiiUaV GroTfU Uu <apil<im Dis
trict*—H** S prranutiTt. raw, Elects
—B-.U. WlUicnt u OppraMt—
Ixtinitlif KcsIbUmsmc.
Written lor TfcrCcjcritntloo.
It tu not antil niter 1825 th«t the
Btrte of Georg.* m divided into eon-
greanonn] dittrictn Prior to that tune
from the adoption of the constitution of
the United .States members of congrats
were chosen bp general ticket, each suf
fragist casting his vote for anp member
to be chosen. There was then rarely
^HE;,
SHAME APPALLED
BY SCENES ON AN EMIGRANT SHIP.
ranch competition for the office of rep-
resentstive. Men who had become
distingnisbed for abilitp and character
were almost ttnivctaally chosen, and the
consequence was that the state was ship
represented by & Ltnnoidoui delegation.
It was not cavfomary for any candidate
to announce himself. Generally those
who, in the legislature of the state, bad
proven themselves able and worthy of
confidence were announced informally
by their friends, and after consultation
with these the name was announced to
the people by thorn recommending him-
There was no formal convention either
for the choice of candidates ior congress
or lor governor of the eute. The una
nimity of political sentiments throngb-
- ont the state was sneh as to forbid the
division of the people into parties, end
all were left to choose from the rarioua
names proposed such men to rote for as
they prefered.
Daring the administration oi Washing
ton there was no well defined division oi
the people into parties, and there was a
common sentiment with the whole peo
ple to sustain the administration in the
organization of tbo government under
The new cofiatit ution. There was, never
theless, beginning to be manifested a
difference of opinion as to the proper
construction of the constitution, and at
the election of John Adams these opin
ions were hardening into party diviaions.
Their incipiency was with Tho mas Jeffer-
son and Alexander Hamilton, and very
eoon these two men were deemed the
leaders of the two parties.
They had been member* of Washing
ton's cabinet, and both aspired tocontrol
the administration. Washington and
Jefferson were southern men. Hamilton
was from the north and represented
northern sentiment, and having been the
the favorite aid of Washington’s staff
daring the war of the revolution was
supposed to reflect the opinions and
S ilitical principles of the president.
any of the framers of the constitution
were members of the congress of Wash
ington's administration, and their opin
ions as to its proper construction had
great weight with the people. This was
especially true of those of Mr, Madison.
He was s wise and most consistent man,
an extremist in nothing, and in his
political opinions did not in their
entirety ag-ee with either Jefferson or
Hamilton, bat in some particulars agreed
with both. In the main, however, he
coincided with the views of Jefferson.
Both he and Jefferson were ready anil
forcible writure, and through their writ
ings lormtil the opinion of the people of
the sonth and before the expiration of
the administration of John Adams, the
aonth was almost a nnit in the support
of Mr. Jefferson's opinions.
1‘arty lines were strictly drawn, and
party filings aoon became acrimonious,
and so continued for many years. 1 re
member when the term federalist was
one of opprobrium in the south, aud a
federalist was abhorred anil much
despised, as is now the carpet bagger.
They were iv it!)out organization and were
powerless ns a party throughout the
sonth. In the incipiency of these parties
some of the southern members of con
gress adopted the theories of Hamilton,
and became federalists in principle, and
was ever alter consigned to ottsrnriiy,
ami one noticeable instance was that ol
Kotieri Uoodlow Harper, of South Caro
lina.
The night after the inauguration of
Jefferson, lie addressed a teller to a
friend in which he made this remarkable
prophecy: “Federal principles havegone
down throngti the imprndentfolly ol Mr.
Adams, ami it is said never to rise again.
1 predict the contrary. The triumph of
the mob is but temporary; it is the
asphixia of principle. It will revive,
resuscitated, and with greater vigor assort
itself, and will become that on which the
government most exist if it exists at all.
It may tie under another name, and
witli other men, hut it will exist and will
triumph.” I las not this remarkable pre
diction lieen veritled? So obnoxious to
public worth, at Ills home, hail his
eonrse and this letter made liiin, that lie
never returned to reside in South Caro
lina, bnt returned to Baltimore, and with
his rare abilities rose to great eminence
as a lawyer, bat never again to political
life. The same fate was meted to the
great Judge Gaston, of North Carolina.
Thine was an era in the history ol the
nation, and it was especially so to the
state of Georgia; in truth to the entire
sonth. At this time there were many
men in Georgia, of her first citixens, par
ticularly shout A musts snd in the low
country, who were federalists; tbesesoon
went out of sight politically. Many of
the younger men of abilities who liaJ in
very early ills adopted federal opinions,
were wise through ambition in abjuring
thcae, and found their warrant in tins
in their future political snccees; of these
the most prominent was John Forsyth
and Abram Baldwin. ForaytU’s father
had been a federalist and was the United
Slates marshal for tho elate; and notu-
rallvhisson hadadopted his father’s pol
itics. In the discharge of hit official
duty the father wae murdered by Burly
Allen in the city ol Augtuu. This re
moved the influence of tiie father, and
the son having been selected because ol
his rare abilities to deliver a fourth of
July oration, performed that duty
so ably us to attract uni
versal attention. This oration it
still extant anti is the ablest 1 ever read
on that subject. Abram Baldwin was
then living and he, James Jackson and
William H. Crawford were the It a tors of
the Jeffersonian party in the state.
Baldwin was a Connecticut man of fine
education, an t had been ordained a min
ister of tiie gospel. Coming to Georgia he
found politics a more certain road to
tame than pre tchiu lie had been rear-
e,l a federalist but this was the party of
th e minority in Georgia, and very soon
he changed both his vocation and his
poUuc*\. and won immortality through
this me.ins.
Crawford saw the great promise of
Forsyth, add spread his net to catch him.
lie flattered Forsyth with the eulogy of
his talents. He told him they wereextra-
onlinary and would avail him much in
his future, if properly cultivated and well
directed. But so long as he remained a
federalist they would avail him nothing
in securing success with the people.
That to antagonize the popular will was
to court obscurity, and tbe greater his
tabilitiM tbo more bitter would be the
opposition of t *e controling masses; anti
so potent were bis arguments, and so
menacing his threats, that Forsyth very
roon afterward published a recantation
of his political principles, and became a
moot active and anient republican.
It was not long before he was promi
nent a* a leader of the young democracy,
and soon the door opened to future suc
cess ss » politician. .
John For,rath was born in Fredrick
ooontT, Virginia, and ala veryoariy ago
came with bis father to Augusta, Georgia.
The opportunities tor proenringaneduca-
tion h> Georgia at that time were very
limited. There was a school of some
celebrity in Wilkqs county, taught by a
Air. Springer, a minister of the gospel,
and vonng Forsyth was placed there to
prepare for college. His father was ap
pointed the marshal of the state, and
haring some means, determined to give
him a thorough education, as in early
boyhood he had evidenced the possession
o( fine abilities. At this school, without
being remarkable for studious habits, he
took a high stand and was very soon pre
pared to enter the college at Princeton,
Sew Jersey, lie was matriculated in
ITtkt and graduated in ITflff, with some
vol. xm.
ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, MAY 37, 1881.
NO. 49
gusts and studied law with a Mr. Noel,
then a leading practitioner at that bar,
Mr. Noel required of bis student s thor
ough knowledge of the elementary books,
and this necessitated in the stodent close
reading and constant thought. At first
this was a severe trial upon the hair's of
Forsyth’s reading, and he soon let ted
that be had to tax his mind more he ily
than had been his wont, and he be. me
a close stodent. He bad will, an- hit
determination was to succeed. He on-
tinued in the office of Mr. Noel two; art
when feeling himself well prepar. . to
enter the practice, he applied anti wae
admitted to plead and practice law iu the
superior court oi the state. Ilia rise at
the bar was phenomenal, owing in
a very great degree to hie
superior abilities mean advocate. Almost
from the commencement oi hia practice
be wae esteemed tho best and readiest
speaker at tbe bar. At this time sneb a
qualification waa tbe great desideratum
for a lawyer in the south. Oratory in
V irginia was the great essential in the
character and qualifications of a politi
cian and a lawyer, and this now had
come down with the Virginians to Geor-
resigned his earliest affection, for anoth
er who had more coffers snd richer gifts
for the future.
Mr. Forsyth’s eonrse in congress had
given offense to many oi his old party
friends, and in 1827, when he became a
candidate for governor, G. M.Troup and
many others were opposed to his election,
Matthew Talbot was the opposing candi
date, and probably would have been suc
cessful in defeadngForsyth but he died,
and immediately Duncan G. Campbell
was announced, and public sentiment in
dicated bis election, bat he too apon tbe
the ere of the election died, and without
opposition Mr. Forsyth was chosen.
Daring his ad ministration he succeeded
by his admirable management of the
affairs of the state in regaining hi, hold
upon the public, and at the expiration of
his term, was again elected to the United
States senate, and was an ardent, conspic
uous opponent of the administration of
John Quincy Adams.
In 1828 Genera] Jackson waa elected
president, and the friends of Mr. Craw
ford almost to a man arrayed
themselves in support of tbe
new administration. Mr. Crawford, who
via.. Tbe great models, Patrick Ueury, .who had t-ecn.elected in 1S24 vice-p/esi-
Oeorge Mason/ PeyEopKandolph, John] dimt had again beenchossa tojhe same
Ifandolph, William Wirt, had stimulated
the emulation ol the educated youth of
Georgia quite aa much as those of Virgi
nia, and every youth who could stand on
hia fset and think and declaim well at
school was supposed to be destined for
tho bar, and to this faculty was given
more attention and cultivation than any
other.
Mr. Forsyth’s pre-eminence as a clear,
fluent and elegant speaker introduced
him to an extensive practice and gave
him great fame. Augusta was the
market town, whither waa carried ail the
marketable products of the up-conntry
of the interior of the state. Its superior
civilization and greater refinement was
reflected in her professional men who
visited and practiced law in the counties
oway from the city, and they were re
ceived and honored as superior to those
af the country towns, and were readily
proposed for political promotion when
ever their ambition stimulated their
aspirations in that direction. How well
I remember when an Augusta lawyer at
Warrenton, Washington, Sandersville,
Sparta and Greenesboro were proffered
the best rooms in the tavern, as the
houses of entertainment were termed, to
the seats at the tables nearest the bounc
ing landladies, whose habit was in those
primitive days to grace with their pres
ence tbe beads ol their tables and pour
out the coffee, anti with their smiles and
conversation to entertain their guests.
Mr. Forsyth was the especial
object of attention and observation when
attending any of these courts. He
.had a fine person, was remarkable for
liis exquisitely chiseled features, was
|K>lite and even cordial to every one, and
was very popular. His forensic powers
were superior to those of any member of
the bar of tbe.state at that time, and in
the very first years of his practice he be
came known as the great Augusta law-
jer, and in consequence of this prec>
ciem fame he was chosen by tbe legisla
ture of the state attorney general of the
state at 24 years of age. This office be
tilled with great distinction for years.
In 1811 he wss elected to congress. Here
he immediately took a prominent posi
tion and was reckoned in debate quite
the equal of Clay, Calhoun or John
'Undolph.
This was a critical period in the history
of the country. War was imminent with
Great Britain. Her audacity in claiming
the right to search vessels sailing under
the flag of the United States, and im
pressing into her service therefrom
American seamen, together with many
acts of sssnmed authority on tbe part of
her naval officers towards American ves
sels; anti American officers had aroused
the indignation of tF.e American people.
Measures ineffectual in their operation
had been adopted by tiie administration
of Mr. Jefferson in retaliation of this con
duct on the part of Britain. This had
ntensified the hatred of the federalists
owards the republicans, and tbe strife
in congress between these parties was
hitter in the extreme. Tho non-inter-
eonrse ami embargo measures had
greatly crippled commerce and the ship-
o'ng interest, the chief interest of
New England, and this stimaiated to
iuver heat the animosity and opposition
of tbe federal party, which was really the
party of the north. Webster, Josiah
(jnincy, Tracy and Talmage were strong
men in the opposition, and combatted
fiercely the measures of the administra
tion. Mr. Madison on his accession to
the presidency found matters in a most
precarious condition, and it required
great wisdom to extricate the govern
ment from this state of vexatious and
iwrilons trouble. Clay, Calhoun, Craw-
tord, Forsyth, Chevis and Macon were
prominent in support of the administra
tion and was verging war with Britain as
the only effectual and honorable means
to effect this, wliiUt the opposition op
posed this as ruinous to the country.
In the debates growing out of the pro
posed war measures Mr. Forsyth, as a
young member, waa moat prominent, and
very soon was side by side with Ihc great
leaders Clay and Crawford. All of these
were comparatively young men, all ar
dent, impetuous and able. War ensued
and was terminated gloriously for the
American arms, and for tfae'iuture prom
inence of those who snpiwrted it.
Now it was the federal party found
themselves in a hopeless minority, and
very soon thereafter abandoned' their
party organization, and ceased to exist as
a party. From 1811 to 1818 Mr. Forsyth
remained in congress anti had attained
to the diatinction of perhaps the best
debater in that body. In Georgia his
popularity was supreme; he hod no rival,
and in 1818 he was chosen a senator
in the congress of the United states.
To accept this appointment be resigned
his seat in the house of representatives
Ue had hardly taken his seat in the
senate before he received the appoint
ment of minister plenipotentiary to
Spain. In this capacity he continued
until 1823, when he was elected again to
the senate of the United States. He was
not a candidate and it is donbtfnl if lie
was pleased with the changes this neces
sitated should he conclude to accept the
appointment. His diplomatic career bad
lieen a successful one; he was the
favored of the royal family aud especially
with the queen—the mother of the
present queen dowager—who is the
mother o! the present reigning monarch
ot that kingdom. His life at this coart
was suited to his tastis and genius, aud
his posjjion was a proud one and juft
such an one as he loved, and eminently
grand. But his ambition aspired to as
eminent a one in the government of his
native land, and this dominated his de
sire to remain her minister abroad even
to enjoy alt the seductions of this proud
and pernicious court. He resigned his
ministry aud returned to take his seat
again iu the United Sinks senate.
I was present »t his election by the
legislature of 1823, and remember well
all the incidents attending iti Judge
John M. Dooly waa the only candidate
for the position, and hia election was
deemed a certainty. He was present in
attendance upon the legislature to press
his pretentions to the position. No
name was announced to the assembled
senate and house but Dooly’s. In
silence the balloting commenced and
ended. Dpon counting them it was found
F'orsyth was chosen. Dooly was in the
lobby when the result was announced,
and coolly turning to a friend remarked,
office with General Jackson. There had
long existed a friendship between this
gentleman and Mr. Crawford, and the
friends cf tbe Utter did not cordially
coalesce with.Mr. Calhoun. He was the
especial hatred of Mr. Crawford.
Throughout the nation Mr. Calhoun was
viewed as the assured successor of Jack-
son, and witli the exception of Jackson
was the most popniar man in tbe nation.
During the administration of Mr. Mon
roe, when Crawford was secretary of the
treasury and Calhoun secretary of war,
and when Forsyth was iiCSpain, there
was likely to arise a difficulty with Spain
in reUtion to the Floridas. Those prov
inces hid become the refuge of tbe run
away negroes ot Georgia, and the secure
retreat of tbe bandits who were con
stantly stimulating the Indians to depre
date on the frontier people of Georgia.
To bo rid of this evil it was necessary to
drive these handits from Florida. Spain
of oratory was not impassioned, and be |
always seemed to speak more from tbe i
head than the heart, and vet at times his i
declamation was animated and intense— j
always qourteous to an adversary—never
insulting or pert—vras considerate in bis
manners, perspicuous in his diction and
marflpg in his presence—always
tectjSol* 3 antagonist, and in answer
ing his’-te atyrent was cautions never to
mate i2i>&ppfrar weak or ridiculous,
and consequently made bat few enemies.
From his fiftieth year he declined rap
idly. His mind and body were worn ont,
and in the sixtieth year he died at
Washington, D- C.
Willi aw H. Stosses.
ROMANTIC LOVE STORY."
CCWPENS.
THE VICTORY OF ONE HUN
DRED YEARS AGO.
cmAj the following morning; that this course I An nine o'clock in the morning of January
seemed to him imperative, for he could not afford I 17.1781. hostilltes began. The tun was ahining
^"SS*** **,**“? * t&e enemy by surprise, with a warmth and brightness uuuaual for Jan-
a ded'lve blow might be struck. His coadjutors I uary. It gave a brilliancy- to the peaks of the
interpoaed no objection* to hia aggreadve policy Thicketty mountains and the martial array in the
»ndoordiaUy oommeaded hia suggested plans. | forest below. — * ’ "
Celebrated by the Descendants of
Morgan’s Men,
the battue in panorama.
The American Onslaught and the
British Bent.
A Tonne Man's Betrothed. Become*
Blind—Me Marries Her and la Com
pelled to Beaort te Law to Obtain
PomemsSon of Her.
The particulars of a very romantic love
story were developed before Judge Dixon,
at Paterson, New Jersey, on Wednesday.
From the unoontradicted testimony* in the
C3&i\ says the New York Herald of yesiertisy..
Lh* ..ilJowing facts are”gathered: Mr. John
P. C.ifford 10 a young man who resides at
Yonkers, New York. He is a very respec
table young man. and of good habit*,
and so when he asked to be received
as suitor to the hand of Miss Ellen Mc-
Kilvey. of Paterson, her parents did not
offer t»ny objection. Tbe courtship pro
ceeded very smoothly until Miss McKilvey
was suddenly taken sick. The lover spent
anxious days and nights, but finally tbe
young lady recovered her health, but with
it came a terrible affliction—the loes of
sight. Before this the two had promised to
marry each other; now the lady oflered to
release him from his vow. but he would
not consent to it, declaring that
he had promised to marry
her and that he considered a prom
ise as good as if tbe ceremony Lad been
performed, and that her misfortune had
only increased his affection for her. But her
misfortune seemed also to have increased
the affection entertained for her by her
parents, sud they absolutely refused to give
their consent to the marriage, though they
did not have any objection previous to the
sickness of the Joung lady. Now that she
was appealed to in vain. She was too was w ith blindness they declared
feeble to nndcrtrke this reformation, and I they were the only persons who ought
General Jackson was controlled by the to take tire of her. They told Mr. Clifford
ad minis CValion. He advised an immedi-| that under the circnmstancss they could
ate march upon the.counlry with a mili- never think of parting with their daughter,
tary force, and the seizing or expelling I and requested him to give up hia idea of
very obnoxious persons from the terri- I marrying her. He used all the arguments
tory. He waa then commander in chief I *t his command, but tbe parents were in
of the army. This advice did not in flu-1 flexible, and would not be persuaded. Tbe
ence the cibinet, and it came to no con- lwo ^ ro
I>r , e3il , le S t ’“ I Strati them and” Mr CM-
will effect this if you will say to Johnny allowed to continue his visits.
Hay, a member of congress from j McKilvey was over 21 years of age,
Tennessee, that you will sub- I ftn d consequently her own mistress, and
tain me, without formal orders.'' I Mr. Oiiflord soon persuaded her
This was said, and Jackson marched that the demands of her parents were
upon Florida, seizing Arabnstid, Arbuth- ) unreasonable. He finally persuaded her to
not and tiie Indian prophet, aud I marry him, and the ceremony was perform-
hanged them and captured Pensacola. «d at 8t. Bonifaces Cathohc church, in
MrtForayth was then our minister, and
his tact in all probability, prevented a SS
war with Spain. That government, how- I rc f cae< j to gi v0 credit to it, and accordingly
ever, protested against the -invasion of, would no t allow their daughier to accoiu-
and occupancy of her territory, and in a I p™ her husband to his home in Yonkers,
cabinet meeting, as secretary ol war, Mr. j Mr. Clifford concluded to have the matter
Calhoun moved the arrest and trial of I settled at oj c? at.d accordingly consulted
Jackson. Mr. Adams defended him, who I Mr. D. B Eoglisu a lawyer, of Paterson,
waa then secretary of state, bnt negotia- The result was ihn *ritof habeas^corpus
lions were entered into with Spain, and was granted by Judge Ihxon on Tuesday
the Floridas were ceded to the United and m^retmn.b.e Wednreday^ Tee
. It was communicated to Jackson that jXfbetoken rara
it was Crawford who had m cabinet ot hcraU her and did not know why
meeting moved the arrest of Jackson, I t } iey should noi continue caring as they
and he had denounced Crawford; of con- desired to, though they did not want to
sequence they became enemies. Soon deprive her of her liberty in any way. Mr.
after the election of Adams to the presi- l Clifford then produced the marriage certifi-
dency, Mr. Forsyth and Martin Van j cate and the parents of the bride saw that
Boren, became ardent supporters of I what he had uid them was not mere fic-
Jackson; both had been the friends of tionjjut tbe truth. The court gave the
('rmrfnnl Tn tliA nnrhiff nf 1830 Van I custody of the blind bnde to her husband,
Tam!L 8 %£nbin' U Mn V * nd he ledber awa>—the happiest man m
n \r- W the court-room. Mr. Clifford is not weal thy,
Alexander Hamilton, visited M.. v/raw- j jj e j^ 9 a pleasant home, and everything
•Ord at bis home in Georgia. Upon their j j s j n readiness there to receive the mistress
return to New York, a letter waa ad- I for whom he made so great a sacrifice,
dressed to Mr. Forsyth, stating that it
had been communicated to them that, I the GEORGIA WESTERN
not Mr. Crawford, but Mr. Calhoun had
been the member of Mr. Monroe's cabi- I An interesting Twin With Major
net who had moved the arrest and trial Green, the Chief Engineer,
of Jackson, for entering Florida with an stepping into the general office of the Georgia
armed force and capturing the territorial Western railroad jeaterday, a Constitution re
capital when Spain was at peace with the I p, lltcr wai mel by Major Green, chief of the en
United States. Mr. Forsyth sent this J oorpe. to whom the pencil pusher said:
letter to Mr. Crawford, requesting a -When will you begin workr*
statement of the facts. These were given I -BoaPtyon aee I am busy doing that aame just
at length, and the consequence j n, .’ , Y eai but when will yonr engineer corps begin
was ft rupture between Jackson and Cal- \ work? That's what I want to know.”
honn which pro veil fatal to the aspira- ”Wril._one corp« will .tart out Wednesday
tions of the latter for all time after. Mr. I m ?*(roef how many are you going to haver*
Forsyth, in connection with Van Buren, -Three. A. I said before, the first one. under
was aceusoii of arrangum this via* ami
the mode of bringing these facts to the I Monday, I hope.”
public eves. Whether this was true or -Where do you beginr*
not, it was certainly very opportune for "iljPibStdoiSn depot * roundjL
these gentlemen, for at once they became | the termini of me road are known, but
the especial favorites of the Old hero, oar flrat point is the end of that portion of the
Clay hail returned to thosenate; CalhooJJ ^*®XS23J?&S*lSS!a
went over. tj tbe opposition, and their J ^ uj e way. I wish you'd ju*t aay
united forces were turned loose in oppo- I that If ‘any of them are In existence
sition to the administration. Its defense I'd Hke \ok*
rested on the shoulders of Forsyth and I *^11 Uiere^had been no wo/kof any kind done.”
Benton, and right nobly did they defend I -prow long will it take you to complete the *ur-
in TLenk tras that Mr. Forsyth assert- I TCJJ^ to ^
ed his right to the claim of being the j j»,reemonth.,and with goodluck will do so.”
first debater in America. I -When will you begin .hovelling dirt, or an
It was iu one of those political debates “***! _ ,,
that occurred the memorable passage at I text Monday?” 1 p 1 11 y
arms between Calbonn and Forsyth. | - Where T”
The latterwas giving a succinct hiatory of ."gR^tSSSSS.'SrSfESyter*
the party feuds which had grown ont of J 0 -bt*r pnu of the road bed a. far a. it bu goi
the ambition of Mr. Monroe’s cabinet, i in . short while we will have the first thirty
and was terribly severe upon the enemies | mile* from thi. end rody lor the iron,
of Air. Crawford; when Mr. Calhoun, j “Sg, thea*Bie ictd is Snout to he built sure
then as vice president presiding in the enough?”
senate, supposed himself alluded to, • Mo doubt about that We win payeMfcaa
u 1 : i—n.Llo uTioosIfn. sud that Insures sutCHa ever,wher«.
asked in an irritable manner, Does do difference where the mooey comes
the senator from Georgia mean me • I from, it will come when wanted. Always pay
ww .a J »-« I—a s-2— U!. I w.-anr Kills wrhan * Visa VS wan Into |Q(] ycur Credit
great deal of
„ „ _ . — world — in
president, demanded in turn By wbat ] fact if there wu no superstition there would be
right does the chair ask that of mjT SmS&£n here. Igaemr
Receiving no reply, in emphatic I for the present this will be my office, but
tones he said. Lit the gall- 11 mart attend to burit.e» now, mid will bo glad
jade wince; our withers | to *eeyou in the future ”
are uuwrung.” Mr. Forsyth was now
oozisidered the leader of the new demo
cratic party, or as it is sometimes even
MORGAN’S FACE IN GOLDEN BRONZE
The Crow*, the Speeches, the Certaci.les aid the
Mservance of the Day Generally.
Special to The Constitution.
‘ aktanbuh< 1 , "5. C , May 11.—The first
deciaive steps looking to tbe celebration
here to-day of the one hundredth anniver
sary of the battie of Cowpeus were taken
more than a year ago, when a number of
prominent gentlemen met here and organ-
zed the Cowpeus centennial association
the Hon. William A. Courtenay, mayor oi
Charleston, was chc-sen president, and W
K. Blake, of Spartanburg, was made vice
•resident. This initiatory meeting was vtry
enthusiastic. The following representative
citizens were present and participated in
he proceedings: Dr. H. E. Heinitsh,
Charles Petty, J. B. O. Landrum, General
. C. Anderson, Colonel T. Stobo Farrow
and Captain S. L. Ross, of Spartanburg;
and Messrs. George D' Bryan, A. W. Mar
shall, W. Lucas Simons, George B. Edwards,
G. Walker and J. Lamb Johnston, of
Chatlestou. An executive committee
formed, composed of many
leading citizens in various parts
of the state. The primary object of the
association was to celebrate, in a style befit
ting the memorable occasion, the centen
nial anniversary of the battle of CowpeDS.
They started out with the emphatic pur
pose to mark it a day with that national
character it deserved. The victory, al
though won upon Sonth Carolina soil, was
nevertheless tbe victory of no one section.
Men from the north, south, east and west
mingled their blood freely in defense ol a
common country to win a freedom which
should be common to ail. In pursuance of
this determination the association leaolved
to accomplish the following objects: First,
The erection of a memorialjcolumn of gran
ite upon the battle-field, with appropriate
thould occur to undermine iu foundation, it will
•und in ell it. integrity for atbouMtnd year* to
come. Standing here to-day, and gazing at thi.
majectlc .halt, I realise the wbdom ot the com
mittee placing it in the center of this thrifty
of the I sunlight. The grandeur of nature wa» Iu accotd
m 9 ro ? r ^ .... ( with the Momentou* r ignificauce of the military
Izwd Cornwall!*, in pusuance to hi. deter- gathering. Tne two armies, now ready for the
mutation to invade North Carolina, congregated I signal ot battle, faced each oth^r eager for the ment:
hi. main forces and began a vigorous march ] combat. After an oppressive rtillncm of half an 1
toward hi. destination. Colonel Tarleton, one hour Tarleton gave the long expected signal. Hi.
of his most dfetingutabed officers, was placed in | mea gave loud shout* and rushed lurloady to the
ir-. --v I * upon the militia. They atoed firm.
Broad river and he instructed him to shorten hia j however, until availed with bayonets when they
A - •*- Cornwallis fell back to the second line. McCall's militia
, Jbe difficul tie-1 fled to their hoi set. while the remainder under
which had confronted Lertle had Pickens, toolQjost upon Howard', right. Tarle-
been surmounted. The two commander. | ton now made an impetuous asm alt upon the
met and joined force, again the next night. I main body of Americans. Ue was met with
Tarleton wa. very anxious to encounter Morgan* I unexpected valor and determination. The
He aimed to men re a. commanding a situation a' 1 combat now became Intensely exciting. The
po. Ible in order to prevent the Americana I roar of musketry and cannon waa heard
retreat, ao he determined to prem forward with I on all side*. The mountains shook
renewed energy toward the Clark iron works, and the distant ravine, echoed and re-echoed
which were upon the banks ol the river, for be I the sound, ol strife. The British line began to
bad heard that the Americans' camp was near weaken, when McArthur, with hi. reserve, was
this locality. On the' evening of the 16th the I ordered to advance. This movement reanimated
course was altered, the light troop, recuring a safe the quailing Britons, and tber plied ball and
peiMge within a few miles of Morgan's cunp. I bayonet with inecraam force. White the contest
As soon as the troop. ■ fin bled beyond I wu raging McArthur attempted to gain the
Pacolet, Tarleton deemed it advisable to ] American flank under Howard. That watchful
secure some log houses, which were officer perceivod the movement aud it. intent,
situated midway between the British and Ameri- and instantly ordered his first company to charge
cans. These houses, which had been constructed the British 71st. His order was mistaken, and the
by Ferguson before the battle of King’s mono- company fell back. This came very near losing
tain.wt re reported to be unoccupied at the time. I the battle, for simultaneously the whole line
The desirability of recuring them seemed to jus- gave way, and Morgan ordered a retreat to the
tify him in rending a small body of dragoon, and the eminence behind which the cavalry were
mounted lnfautry to take poremion of tlu m. ported. Tarleton. believing this movement to be
Tarleton dertgned taking porttkm with his entire | a precursor of flight, ordered another charge, and
force behind there house, and await the develop-1
outs, his n
rushed forward in impetu-
' * ned suddenly upon hii
volley. Instantly the
Amer-1 pursuers and gave them _
leans had decamped, and the^ British light troop, other Americans followed the example and'flied
were ordered to hold their portdon. because it with deadly effect upon the detached group, of
afforded them an advantageous rttua- I tne enemy. Many Britons bit the dust, ana the
lion. Patrols and spiea were rent to observe J other, recoiled irom the leaden embrace of their
the movement!of the An ~ *
terrain ed loyalists captun — , ——
who bad indiscreetly wandered from the main I punned the same plan in another part of the
line of hi. army. In the following morning, Jan-1 field, striking the British horsemen a decisive
uary 17, at 3 o’clock, the pickets being called in, I blow, and driving them before him in dire con
the British troop, in the command nnder Tarleton I fusion.
were ordered to follow the rente the American. This virtually decided the Brae, of the day.
hsd taken the preceding night, rad the wagons Tarleton, however, was not subdued yet; nor wu
— 1 baggage were ordered to remain on the ground I he willing to abandon the combat without strik-
II day-1 ireak, under protection of ft dstach- log another blow. He was resolved to make one
ment from each corps- Three companies oi li.bt J grand effort to retrieve the fortune, of tho hour.
Infantry formed the advance of tbe 17th regi-1 He made an extraordinary endeavor to rally his
ment. tne guns of the 1st battalion rad the 7lst I forces, which seemed panic stricken. He partially
regiment composing the center; rad the cavalry I succeeded in collecting rad reforming hts troops,
mounted infantry bringing rad then he made a despe-
rear. The ground which | rate charge against Pickens, Hammond
The
the American troop, had
The intense tury
A Ultie “Cotton Talk
Memphis Appeal.
, — , - _ T . . | The large receipts ol cotton this reason give fall
now denominated the Jackson party, ana J ptoo j the acreage oi last sprina was under-
was to all intonta and purposes a national estimated- The agricultural bureau report put
man anti was a moniinent man in the the tacreare at seven percent, when thirteen per
man, and was a prominent man nue cent woaW been nearer the mark *i hat a
niili.ui estimation for president. Alanv I - ■ * - *<n t.vsni*M ihiatarin*i.».
„ Well, 1 am tiie only man in Georgia who
distinction. Dario* his collegiate conne was ever beaten without opposition.”
he waa not remarkable for studious Dooly with Forjjrth bad been federalists
habits, snd yet he wss always prepared ‘ ~
public estimation for president. Many I f un ocr lncrcsm will iska place thb sprlnx u ro
ot hia speeches and report* are models i poied » otrudo. Tine, winter itn*ered late.
«ivli* anil abililv I bat the tine weather Unoe end the absence o!
ill style ana aurtiry. I floods on the UlwiwJppl m far ate tavotlngln
At tbe expiration of his term he wss I nicattona, and the tons winter rare opponouity
renin elected to the senate, where he re- lot clcatinx and fencing landa and where
Gained until 1S34, when he wsasppointed Th.;
secretary oi state to succeed Mr. Mnlmtn. 1 Ur^rthaa lh?i-neent one. appear, to he taken
In this position be remained until the | for .ranted on ail handa Howmnchr j ute
election of Mr. Polk, if I remember cor- Sf’Se”^ w b |”i«f.'i K J
r»cuy. I expa'oauug upon the favorable weather,
ays: “From all the information, private ana
tab ic. we pat the minimum of next crop at
- I s.tetUMO bares, with the poeibility of its reaching
five he waa an old man m appearance, h^ijo.ojo.” That the cottou growing business u
AfterreriringUompa^cUfeheretaroed JfWf?
to Georgia a poorer man than when he I ^ ^ The prw.ut crop fafiTt ,
went into public life. He visited New overcrowd the market because activity in the
G^i^whcnl-whimfortbetiat AfiSUS
lime. I was then a member ol tue le-nv I cnrpia*carried over in to the nextreaaoa. Witn
Uture, and was invited to dine with him j that surplus and an iucreiuie ox yield, how »i:i
at Richard II. Wilde’s, his Ion*cherished next rearea*. P^^ecu present thraweivev? Thst
:r lend and compeer. VflJ. hsJ returned
irom the practice of his profeesion in I it is L dUn oruers it*-. i:ave sasnuLtd ifce
fitvtnriA- btt.1 snent a number of yeare I activi.y of u»e present season, aud
iveorgia, nmx apeuv» “uiuw. u. y^ ^ ^ India be depended
m Europe, and had come to >ew Orleans | npon u » cor.ouiir of the Vt ody
to resume the practice of law. There J annual increase in our cobon culture th*i we
were but the three of US at the table, are looking for? To judge of this we must first
Were dux in* vuree W* ua»k remwabre dial Iu«iu is aeraeifacoitoamoducms
and Georgia and her grea. mea were J country, rad is gradually increarieg. a? we *re,
rv-eiv discussed. I was much the I tbv *«»* Of the ground devou-d v» the caltur? of
Wlt-t their nanations Of their expe- I tbcuative Uaod-D*uxn foshu>a. but beerx loi \c-ir*
riences, as public men, and their lreely ] too to cxcue aiivnicn. But her m*r-
opinions of the men I chania are ambitious, hwr murolacturers are
expreasea opinions ui I emerpriaing. aud the dertre to feespe frum
with whom they naa served in umc-weighttd. six>-LffjntU fraudulent
the councils of the natron. Neither KOod»woveu at M*neLt»:er u .rest, rad cotton
wooid allow Mr. te «£
Oe the superior of «* liiiam Jtr. LrawiOTu, I trai cotu>n Bill rung it* cotton bell to runsiui
out both &zreed in some ot the elements ] it. Tiohaoo-worwupiag work people to nreir place.
(tiuitnsM General Jackson was the I at tire kwm. There * re now in the waohs empire
»opf^“u oTS« e : SSoS^w« •WJ-ft-HfflFJSS—S-iSB Ur *' K
titcir model of an orator, and Crawford
lie upuu IUB uauic-uciu, nun -
inscriptions This column they deaued
should be the joint product of the old thir
teen states and the state of Tennessee, all
jf whom had troops engaged in the fight
“’econd. The selection of three representa
tive citizens, oue from the four New Eng
land states, oue from the four middle
states, and one from the six southern
states, to deliver suitable addressee upon
the occasion. Third, The identification
to as great a degree as possible, of the de-
•>cendants of those who fought in the battle,
with the ceremonies of its centennial cele
bration. The success of to day proves be
yond doubt that these several primary
objects have been duly accomplished. The
several state societies of the “Cincinnati
co-operated with the committees. To crown
the work, congress made an appropriation
of the sum of $20,000, to be employed in
S nrchasing a bronze statue of General Daniel
[organ. It was expected that the monu
ment would be completed by the 17th of
last January, when it was intended it should
be ttoraHa* wUhrempe:iag-uiiiitarr and
civic ceremonies t itoward circumstances,
however, prevented* its completion by the
promised day, and the committee were com-
: <elled to postpone the celebration. Tbe
committee theu resolved that tbe corner
stoue should be laid with appropriate
ceremonies on the night of October 7tb,
and invitations by the hundreds were sent
rut to induce as large attendance as possi
ble. Recognizing that Freemasonry has
always been most active in promoting
peace and harmony, in extending brotherly
love and good will, the committee by a
xesolution parsed on tbe 2d of August last,
gave a cordial invitation to the grand master
of Masons, of South Carolina, assisted by
the grand lodge, to lay the corner stone
with appropriate Masonic ceremonies. This
invitation was accepted, and tbe corner
stone was accordingly laid with interesting
Masonic ceremonies on the night of October
Tib, amid the boomiDg of ctnnon, and in
the weird glare of fantastic fireworks,
nearly six thousand people being present.
Innumerable relics, some valuable, others
worthless, were placed beneath tbe stone.
But why should I stop to describe a scene
which has already been described vividly
and fully in the columns of Th* Constrru
tion? Better leave the past and attend to
tbe present, for a thousand facts and in-
teresting incidents of the day clamor for
attention.
For several days past strangers have been
arriving from every section of the union,
among them many people of note. A good
sprinkling of the descendants of the men
who stood the British fire here one hundred
yeats ago made themselves known. From the
adjacent country it seemed as if everybody
had determined to spend tbe day in Spar
tanburg. At an eariy hour this morning
the multitudes became eo great that it was
almost impossible to move about.
The arrangements for tne day were per
fect. Nothing was lacking to make toe
ceremonies impressive, and nothing
was . needed to add to the sat
isfaction of the participants. Senator
Wade Hampton made himself royally pres-
nt. The speeches were all in good lane,
bounding in patriotism, and a spirit of
brotherly love that augurs well for the
future.
The highest pitch of enthusiasm was
cached when the moment came fur the
u-.iveiling of the statue of the grand old
hf ro who made the day possible. At first
a look of scrutiny, which quickly changed
to admiration, and then broke forth
in such cheers as only South Carolinians
cm give! Morgan bad fought his battle,
lived to enjoy the fruits of free govern
ment. and died. Bat dying, the brave peo
ple whom be bad assisted to make free,
determined that his features should live
to inspire future generations with the pa
triotism by which he himself had been
actuated. And here, in this brilliant May
day of 1831, th* form and face of Morgan is
committed to the keeping of tbe American
people!
The day has been a sncc?ss. the people
are enthusiastic and tbe republic lives.
r frfinp broken 1 and McCall. __
and Intersected bjnravines, the march oglhe Brit- I this fresh sreaultalmort overcame the Americans
iah daring the darkness was exceedingly slow. I Washington coming up with his whole iorce
Before dawn Thackins’s creek waa parted, when I repelled Tarleton’* charge rad drove back hi.
ra advanced guard of the cavalry was ordered to men in the wildest confusion. McArthur’s force*
the front. 1 he enemy's patrol was pursued rad l were too much entangled with the main line to
overtaken. The two parties of dragoon, under I render Tarleton any prompter effective succor, so
Captains Oglevie rad Barron, were tnea ordered I he. too, wss forced to retreat along the Mill gar
to reinforce the advance guard rad to harms, the I road to the point where the conflict began. Here
rear of the enemy aa much as possible. The I ended the battle with a hand to-hand encounter
march had not continued long In this manner I between Washington rad Tarleton. both of whom
before tbe commanding officer in front reported I were slightly wounded. Tarleton'* force, badly
that the American troop, had halted and were I cut up, reached Hamilton's ford on the Broad
forming. river, rad later the encampment of Corn wai li^ at
The ground upon which the American, were Turkey creek, some twenty-two mile, from the
preparing for battle was a small, though well-1 scene of the batue.
defined ridge, crossing the Spartan burn road at 1 This wholly unexpected rad inexplicable de
right angles. A similar ridge to thi. lay a few | f.at of Tarleton. greatly displeased Con *“
hundred yard, la >tho rear. The valley between I It likewise visibly affected his soldiers
was made by a gentle a ope within erty range of reraim.ted the npiriti of the Americans, it
the eye. Passing from oue ridge to tbe other, the I proportionately depressed the spirit, of the
lrad wu covered thickly with pines, hickory rad I Britomc The band of American, had fought
red oak. with underbush very sparsely dlrtribu nobly rad achieved oue of the most brilliant
ted* The valleys stretch tug away to the right | victories of the war And it wua most timely
of the American* position ended in a small glade one for the cause of liberty. Tarleton'a defeat
of ssvanna. On tUeed-'eof the wood, remain, of upan this occasion has not been inaptly likened
the cattle enclosures were to be seen. Thefol- toBurgoyne’s defeat at Bennington. The disal
lowing diagram show, the respective position of I ter in both cues dealt a crushing blow against
the opposing forces: | the success of the main army. The battle near
paralysed the energies
fought u was at fim intended. It now stands
where It can be seen and admired.
The following inscription occurs on the monu-
[East Face—General Inscription. 1
THE AMERICAN SOLDIERS,
who
On the field ol Cow pens,
January 17,1781,
Fought Victoriously
for
The Right of Self-Government
We Eo joy the Remit of their Toll
and {sacrifice; Let us Emulate
their Fortitude and Virtue.
This Column is Erected by the
State, of
New Hampshire, Massachusetta, ^Connecticut,
The Old Thirteen States,
The Unanimous Resolve
of
The Congress of the United State.
Crown.
This Memorial Column with the Form rad Fme
OENEBXL D4M1KI. XOKGAN,
The Hero of Cowpeus. who in that Field,
—. Victorious in the Great Cause of
American Independence.
Fought Together,
atd by Their Biood Secured
the Independence,
rad Cemented the Union of the
Ameri cau States.
The Bond that then Bound them
Together is the
Bond of their Fellow Countrymen
To-day.
The Common Country
they Created is the Heritage of all
Burgoyne’s army; the battle at tbe Cowpens
equally affected the power of Cornwallis. He
had placed so much reliance in Tarleton,
Atttlttt
Cttt ttt/ttt ttt
tttttttt / tttt J f t - tt1
_ * ( officers ana mneiy-two privates xmea ana
P *.*%♦ ttttttl ttttt t ft 1111 five hundred rad one private* taken prisoners.
T1T I * I Nearly all the British infantry save the
i »* \ I guard were either killed or captured. Two pieces
I of cannon, eight hundred and forty eight
l muskets, two standards, thirt
I wagons, rad one hundred hone.
_ sestion of the Americans But t
j M fruits of victory were overshadowed by the future
*. tttttti harvest of success. This victory was but the fore-
* 1 1 1 1 I runner of raotner rad still greater victory. It
I paved the way ior, rad helped very materially to,
I make possible the crowning victory at Yorktown.
I Who. then, in the light ot them historical facts,
I will deny the propriety of the grand celebration
I here this dsyt Has it not brought together in
1 fraternal intercourse men from all parts of
I the - uiior.—from north, south, ( vast,
west, and these commingling to-
I getber in friendly intercourse, exchaugingrtlnoly
To Who-e Custody
The Widow oi Colonel Wm. Washington
Committed Crimson hi. Battle-Flag,
Projected this Memorial Column, rad participa
ted in its dedication, again unfurling
“The glorious Standard, which at Eutaw shone
eo Bright, rad as a dazzling meteor swept through
tho Cowpens deadly fight.”
[South Face—Middle States]
1781.
ONE PEOPLE
No North, No South,
No East, No West,
X NGERSOLL*S' BLASPHEMY
Miss Charlotte Q. O'Brien Describes th* Brutal
Inhumanity of Emigrant Shirs—Penal.
Modesty Violated that Ship-Owners
May Thrive and Prosptr.
London. May 10—-Miss Charlotte G
O’Brien, daughter of Smith O’Brien, of
“Young Ireland” fame, sends the Pall Mall
Gazette a letter, entitled “ Horrors of an
Emigrant Ship,” which creates a profound
sensation, and will be the subject of ques
tion in the house of commons on Monday by
O’Donnell. Miss O’Brien visited Queens
town, in order to examine the mode of life
of emigrants on a steamer, which vessel,
however, she does not name. The follow
ing are the main points: It is unnecessary
to l ay that wherever the sacred foot of
wea'.th trod on this ship All was gold and sil
ver, shining brass, cleanliness, comfort
aud decency. We had come on board,
however, to see toe emigrants, and we were
determined to see their quarters first. When
we saw the quarters of ringle men, descrip
tions of slave ships flashed acrots me. Be
low this place our guide showed us a deep
hole, say tog: “1 could not take you down
there; it is much worse than you see.” But
my business was with the women’s quar
ters, and we went there. Between two
decks, better lighted than the men’s quar
ters, was & larger space, open from oue aide
of the ship to toe other. From either side
* tho long, central walk to outer walks
the ship were slung two enor
mous hammocks, one suspended about
three feet from the floor What was going
n in the two other hammocks above these
could not see, but I presume they were
the same as those below. I suppose each of
these hammocks carry about oue hundred
persons. They were made of sail-cloth, and
beiug suspended all around from hooks,
were perfectly flat. Narrow strips of sail
cloth divide this great bed into berths.
These strips of cloth, when the mattresses
were out, formed divisions about 8 inches
high. When the mattresses are in it
naut bealmostonaleral. Now, in Ifaese
beds lie hundreds of men and women. Any
man who comes with a woman who is or
calls herself his wife, sleeps as a matter of
right in the midst of hundreds of young
women, who are compelled to live in his
presence day and night. If they remove
i heir clothes, thevmust do so under his
eyes. If they he down to rest, it must be
beside him. It is a toanie even to speak of
•••ase things; but to destroy such au evil
is necessary to look at these abodes of
misery. In daylight, and when
open for inspection, they are
®“P<y.. , swept and garnished.
But think of a scene in the darkness
of night, the ship pitching in mid-ocean,
when a gleaming lamp or two makts visible
to you this mass of moving humanity.
Look at that young mother with two or
three helpless babies in the agonies of sea
sickness, unable to move but over the pros
trate bodies of her fellow-sufferers. Look
at this innocent girl child, lying among
dissolute men and abandoned women, half
stupefied with suffocat ion and sea sickness,
amid the curses and groans of hundreds!
If she arises aud flees to save her soul,
whither shall she goT Again she
must tread on the writhing bodies of men
and women. But the picture is too horrible
to be looked at—the sounds too dreadful to
listen to. This is no brutal or impure
dream—it is truth. It is a living horror,
menacing the lives, honor aud souls of
hundreds and thousands of our fellow-
oountrywomen, the ship in which I saw
these things being supposed to carry in this
manner 1,000 steerage passengers. She
carried last year on oue voyage 1,775 immi
grants.
In the house of commons this afternoon
the president of the board of trade, in reply
to a question based on the letter detailing
the horrors on board an emigrant steamer,
said that he had communicated with the
managers of five steamship lines carrying
Irish emigrants, and had received an em
phatic denial that such circumstances were
possible. He bad instructed an officer to
visit Liverpool and Queenstown to make
special inquiries, and had asked Miss
O'Brien to furnish the name of the steamer
alluded to in the letter.
EzrzazNC* to thk plate.
•American Main Guard, (Colonel Washing-
B—Triplet's command.
ton.)
B— ...
O—'Tho continentals.
I says makes aU the world klu; 1 say, has it not
done all thlsT Then all this being accomplished,
I all honor to him who conceived the idea of
I celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of tbe
I battle of the Cowpens.
An Officer's Account.
MSopIed from the notes of Colonel Samuel
Hammond, of 8outh Carolina, who participated
in the battle of thg Cowpens i
I Ou the evening of the 16th of January, 1781,
General Morgan encamped near a place called the
Cowpens. The authcr of there remarks being out
with a detachment, did not join camp until 8
L—Pickens’ command.
THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE BATTLE.
D—Triplet’s
E—Beaty’s
the general that ne intended to give tne enemy
batue next morning. Orders had been issued to
the militia to have twenty-four rounds of balls
„ , . prepared before ihey retired to rest. A general
El i ... order forming tbe disposition of tho troops hsd
“■ * slso been prepared, and wss read to Colonels
H. L J. K—Georgia and Carolina riflemen nn I puhg, McCall. Msior Jackson
de o n!? nlr i?“ cDowel1 ’ Sernncl Hammond I gjj aut aor of these notes In the course of tne
rad ponnoiiy. . I evening. No copy was offered to either of these
officers, but in tbe course of tbo same evening tbe
. author made tbe following notes upon them, then
British advance under Inmra I 5S?jjor JsckSoradCfoioue?MccSdlslidapfmved
, ln *^ battle with artillery. j order commenced iu substance thus:
As the «*. emy seemed resolved to fores us Into
. U T Tlatreffiment-reserve. I a«i tor, »h n. ;.. ber* and spirit of this lltUe brad
U—Tarleton .cavalry. I , M ti „ v j seems to justify tbe general in
Second view of the two armies after the retreat t .., ; b 1 ct ihst they may be mel with confidence,
of the American militia: detested rad driven back: to prepare for which
.. . ..—. •— w ui ^ observed;
. 1 be composed of that part of
I Colonel McCall’s regiment el South Carolina state
I troops who have not been equipped as dragoons,
I under the command of Major Hammond; the
Georgia Volunteers, commanded by Lieutenant
IT Ttt!
*Ttttt
ttttt
o l I I I I I Colonel Cunningham, rad the North Carolina
nttfft V * I Volunteer*, under the command of Major Mc-
2 I I I I TI Ilf. | DowelL Colonel Cunningham will take post on
‘ 1 I i [ the right, Major McDowell on the left of the line.
t oath west of the road, upon tho rising ground
beyond tho valley iu frpnt, three hundred o three
hundred rad fifty yards in rear of this canton
ment or camp, with the left resting upon the road.
Major Hammond will take post on tne left of the
road. In line with Colonel Cunningham; sup
ported upon the left by Captain Donnolly, of the
^^The^seconcPune will be composed of the
Continental regiment of Maryland troops,
commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Howard; on
the left of the second line, falling back one hun -
dred yards in Us rear, a continuation of the second
line, or third line, wi'l be formed, advancing Us
left wing towards the enemy so as to bring it
* TYow.rrVB UarvtanA frrtrar-i I nearly parallel with the left of the continental
- 4and s troops, upon the second line. The Virginia
nti^ulSr *• BrMdon ' 4and 5* Anderson rad mlll ^ commanded by Major Triplett, with the
fr!ic5Snri Washington’s charge. I CsroUns mUitta, commraded by Csptalr
7—Tarleton’* charge.
1111
militia rallied.
Beatty, will form to the right of the second line
u g*«” e ^” 0dn ' :9U,eirh0reere *" 4 llSrn’a 1 uS£’ ’to
ii-Msjor McArthur. ^ | lui rear; the right emending towards
f . Ue enemy so as to be opposite to or parallel with
rAmrCaS | tha lln. Th»m.in -ti.ral will HaM <ta
ifsjor M
is—Majors. Hammonds’*2d position.*)
10— Major Triplet’s seoond position.
11— Captain Beatty’s second position. .
Morgan raw that ra engagement wss imminent I by Cofouel W*raington’s cavalry, with atmh
and be realized the immense odd* pitted against Colonel McCall’s regiment ol new raised South
their whole duty. He assured them that succen eaoed by such events, could be expected to retain,
wss certain, rad declared that he felt that the ( (Colonel Hammond was the father of Mrs. M.
nest God above wss with them in this battle for - Washington, of Meron. Ga., rad these copies
freedom. The vociferous cheers of his soldiers, were made by her son H V. Washington from the
re-sounding through ibe wood, reroved that his * —*“
words hsd not been spoken in vain.
When Tarleton ascertained that Morgan was
prepared to engage in the combat, he was *ome-
for recital, and it was said ol him that bo
h*d only to road over hta leaaon* to
understand them as thoroughly ms most
u* tto—f alter hours of clow
etudr. Hi* nrannrr w*» *nd appar
ently thooffhtlea*. but in «dl hia «*ra*aa
hr mnnilrsteJ deep tbotuht, canng little
lor the text of iu* author, hat *l«vs
mattering th* atnar, and tin* he putm
his o»n Uruuage. ,.
.After graduating he returned to Am-
_ their youth, and friend*, but Dooly
era* firm in hi* faith, and resisting the
persoasire advice of Crawford and oth-
t ra, clung to bis first lore. This was the
sweetheart he hogged so closely and te-
naciooaly that her Concealed dagger
pierced the heart of hia ambition, fatally
and forever, ao far aa his desire for polit
ical office was concerned. Forsyth had
less history- At the(uote of the preceding year,
the condition of Sonth Carolina waa truly
lamentable. The British troops, under Lore!
Cornwallis, were marching victoriously toward
tion of the palmetto state Sumter and Marion,
witn their small rad disorganized brads of brave
sad ^*-u*rrained follower*, disputed every Inch
cf territory with the British Invaders, bnt were
‘riees to stem the march of Cornwallis, sweep-
11 before him, pressing onward to make new
ti<*sTs rad achieve new victories. But this
joy period was followed by an era of bright
successes rad dazzling victories for our patriot
soldier*. The year 1781 opened very au-picic
♦or the ciuse of liberty when, on the 17th di _
January, at tne Cowpens, the gallant Morgan
earned a brilliant victory over the formidable
Tirleton; and it terminated still more gloriously
when, a. Yorktown. on the 19th day of October,
she British, lion. Cornwallis, threw down his
bnrg road, halted at a point tome fifteen
teen mile* from this town (which, however, at
iha: period waa more of a wilderness th
that of a statesman.
Mr. Forsyth wu eminently a politician
an-1 wu never wedded to any convic
tion! or opinions so tenaciously ns to fo.
low them into defeat and ohacurit ■-
Fame wu the god of his idolatry, an"
he sought it through the popular wil"
Few mea in this country have remained
so long and ao continuously in publi c
emplovfnent. and fewer still have ao
ably filled all the positions he occupied
been wiser mod refused to court the mis- j daring his long career, so ably and so
trees of hi* youth to be the rain of his efficiently. He wu not a logician, and
riper yean. ’He had been more facile and j yet his judgment rarely erred. Hia style
e empire
mills having 100 000 spindles. The total equip
ment u about U.OX) looms, with nearly 1,501.000
spindles; the capital invested *
$40,OU>.OOQ, and the number o. ,
employed net :ar from 40,UA. How all this
looks as a permraenv support to the Mracnester
market, and cmatqoaotiy the demand for Amer
ican cotton l* a problem those engaged la growing
sad dealing iu e tton wifi find it well to work
oat—only let itbe worked
v^:r-T.7 ~~ \ isni ataauneai. K|wswa ovta mm *u=e
j gsrxss
way to work with our tariff and other thing*.
, . _ itbe
ftc: lost some years anterior to the revolution,
btfoie this section was settled, some person* In
Columbia employed a party of men to go up to
the Thicketty mountain* and in tbe grsay inter
vals among the hills. raise cattle
and return with them in the fall
snd win tor. Two rich brothers named
Hannah, aho largely interested In the cattle trade.
built many pens here and cattle enclosures rad
cari*:eaed the place ‘ The Cow “~
point Morgan desired to await t
Liverpool than *
*»-.**• ***** | wttThkmearad joined his force* with those cf
The Gate City.
Atchison, Kansas, Champion.
Atlanta U one of the wrmderful titles of “the
A law hours later the Americans held a eooler-
sce to agree upon some ptra ot operations.
* Morgan.Coloneia Hammond.Washington,
McCall, Howard. Pickens and Mai
present Morgan informed his officers that it waa
bis intention to make aa attack upon the enemy
iginal notes In her possession.]
Description or the Jlonument.
The following la .^description of the statue ol
any serious resistance. He rode forth cautiously General Daniel Morgan, which was made by Mr.
to reconnoiter, but the shotsof the sharpshooters. J. Q. A. Ward for the United States, under the
who were In advance of the Ameftcras. caused I authority giverr by a joint resolution of congress,
him to Incontinently retrace hia steps. Yet, still | It wss cart at the foundry of Bereau Brother* de
feeling sure of overcoming hia adversary, he Compray, of Philadelphia:
Quickly arranged his men in battle array. The height of the Ague is nine feet; it welsh*
hi* right wing resting npon the right side about 2,000 pounds rad l’S material a rich golden
cf the old publfo road leading to Spartanburg. I bronze, which will gradually darken wltn time
Simultaneously with these maneuvers of tbe ue- J and exposure to the air. Tbe weight of the body
easy British commander, Morgan perfected his 1 Is supported on th* right leg rad loot, the left leg
arrangements and the disposition of his forces. I being a little behind the other rad slightly bent,
Morgan’s troops were posted on ra eminenc - of I rad Its heel raised from the ground. The head
centre descent, covered with trees They hsd | is tamed partly to the loft, the left arm crutting
rested rad eaten a hearty meal, but Tarleton’* but not touching the heart, rad the right am
troop* were fatigued rad hungry. The contrast I hanging at the aide somewhat behind the Ik dy.
between the two armies standing In the order of its brad holding a sword, whose blade
battle wss marked. Tbe British soldiers were points directly to the front—tbe point somewhat
generally weUTlfcfonned and possessed of the most depressed. The features are very noble In
approved gunsToesides they were thoroughly dla I expression being finely wrought rad distinctly
ciDiined. on the other hand, the American sol- marked out by the artist. The bead is covered
diera were poorly clad rad carried very poor arms; with a high cap of fur, having on its left sides
neither were they familiar with military tactic* pompon of feathers. The dress is a loose frock.
Most of them were backwoodsmen, not dla- ornamented with fringes on both sLonldent down
defined in the military ftienoe, yet more to the front rad on the lower edge all
be dreaded than the best trained regulars. They round, rad meeting the pratalooos
were bumlac with that holy zeal which overcomes I of ap.arently tbe same material or
al! odds rad ccmqoen or dies in the attempt. The nameuted and fringed in corresponding
the American troona waa a* follows: style. The feet are in moccasins, a sheath on the
Twohondred and ninety-tight Mary land regulars left hip; a s&sharnu.d the waJst,and belt p<r-
were stationed ou the brow of the eminence, rad daily hidden by the sash indicated the rank of
on their right were two militia companies of the wearer; a powder born is tiucg over the
Virginians nnder Major Triplet. These const! • I right side ol the body. The dignity rad grace
tuted the rear line of 430 men, rad were as well as lightness of the statue which api
commanded by tbe dashing Howard. In advance
of this line was. body of militia—about3u0
strong—all practiced riflemen rad burning with
spirit of revenue because of the cruelties
which the British rad tories had Inflicted npon
them rad their families. A part of
Listened to Dy a Large Washington
Andienee.
Special Correspondence Constitution.
Washington, May 0.—While the churches
of Washington were sparsely filled
Sundav night the National theater was
packed with 2,000 people who had paid
fifty and seventy-five cents each to hear a
man abuse the religion not only of their
fathers, but of tbe civilized world. I waa
among the guilty ones, led by that danger
ous motive, curiosity. I was not surprised
to see such a crowd of men, but the pret
ence of ao many woluen was what I bad not
expected, for I have alwavs believed that in
the pure heart of woman burns brightly the
sacred flame when it is dim in the ruder
lives of men. But there were hundreds
of elegant ladies, and some of them
conspicuously applauded the epigrams of
blasphemy that fell fr<* r- tbe lecturer’s lips
in the soft cadences of hi9 charming oratory.
"The Great Infidels” was hia theme, and
his heroes were St. Julian, Bruno, Voltaire,
Diderut, Spinoza, Hume. Tom Paine,
Franklin a~d Jefferson. His effort was to
show that each of these opposed the pre
vailing religion of his day, added to the
sum of human knowledge and joy, and
crowned a noble life with a peaceful death.
Colonel Iugeraoll is a famously fascinating
talker. His flus ser.se of humor, his
bright imagination, his remarkable power of
description, make him entertaining
always in an intellectual sense. Bnt these
are his stock and trade. He is a gifted
word painter and not & reasoner—at least
he did not show that he was in this lecture.
There was not a logical proposition in the
two hours’ talk except one borrowed from
Hume. Whenever he went to prove an
assertion he would burst into a flow ot elo
quence which caught tbe ear of the crowd
and set their hands to clapping—-and then
he would leave that point and pass on to
tbe next and prove it with the
<-auie' gayly colored verbiage.
People never listened to >
closer for two honra. I
just the lecture to woo the attention, and
while it waa really light in material, yet by
c-mitant reference to great names aud ab
struse propositions it flattered the intel
lectual conceit of the bearer, and thus
gained another hold upon him.
Ingeraoll has adopted such a method
attack on Christianity as forbids any at
tempt to answer him. When a serious ar
gument is offered he meets it with a scoff
or a witty aneodote and has the laugh os
the preacher. When he is told of tbe
sweet story of the church and tbe heroism
of the martyrs, he bursts into an
angry tirade on the inquisition
and matches your martyr with some pagan
hero he haa picked up. A jeer cannot be
answered, and fora Christian to meet this
brilliant heathen on the ground he has
chosen would be to injure the faith far more
than his fiery attacks ever can.
His influence must be transient for .
mainly rests ou the magnetism of hia ora
tory, aud is devoid of those strong appeals
to men’s reason which remain like granite
when the mind that wrought them haa
finished its work.
People fioefc- to hear him
cause he entertains and amuses
them: because he has fame and
everybody detires to see a man who is sc
much tbe subject of gossip. There is an
other reason why they go, a reason dishon
orable to hnman nature. It is because men
had rather hear invective than eulogy;
(•refer to hear a thing abused to hearing it
praittd; Iha sStne ml-erable touch of
iepravity which make* men and wo
men cagerlv catch at every whisper of
ssc'fcl w-amlai ami let pare idly by the evi-
dei.ces of many a sweet, tender action. If
you want to chain a man’s attention tell
Liu you have found out something very
*. icked about somebody he had supposed to
te virtuous.
Colonel Ingeraoll may be honest in hia
professed love of human nature, bnt he is
trading ou its worst passions. He may
love, as he beantifuily says he does, all-that
is generous and true, but the poison in his
honeyed words, leaving unharmed the deep
religious faith of those who really believe,
will taint the social virtues cf those who
have not faith fixed in the promises that
shall endure forever. Such rude disregard
of what nearly all the best people of our
Christian land hold a*creJ; xuen flippant
ridicule of the tendercst feelings of their
hearts; such attributing of base motives to
the actions of nearly all civilized mankind
cannot barm the religion azminst which for
stronger arms than his have hurled their
harmless shafts; but in such talk there is
danger to tbe social purity and honor of tbe
masses. As au intellectual lecturer I waa
dif&pD'jinted in .the man; as a brilliant
talker he probably has only two or three
equals in America. But when you ask for
thought and food for the brain, you will
get more in one half hour with old Beecher
rhon you can find in all tbe frippery that
ibis erratic orator ever tpouted out.
F. H. It.
DAVIS’S EULOGY
On tbe Military Fame or Stonewall
Jackson.
New Oeleans, May II.—At the conclusion of
the ceremonies attending tho dedication of the
tomb of the association of tho Army of Northern
Virginia, rad unveiling of the statue of Stone
wall Jackson yesterday afternoon at Metal re
cemetery, Jefferson Davis after compli
menting General Lee, addrereed
rad congratulated the association on the
completion of their tomb rad the monument! Re-
ferring to Gen. Jackson .said, “From the academic
shades of the military institutute he went forth
to battle for the cause of state rights, for tho
government rad constitutional liberty.
Nobody expected that this quiet professor would
have ra opportunity to show the great qualities
he possessed rad became the great
hero •of our war. Today ho
stands, in the opinion of Europeans, eo far
as I know, as Urn xxflgkttost chieftain of the con
federate cause. This silent professor constantly
rose like a meteor over the battlefield of the
confederacy—only like a meteor in It* brightness,
for hi* light was steady a* tho orb of day. It
(hone to the very close in increasing brilliancy
aud in the trust which the people reposed
upon it. Such was Jackson. He
lived for his country, never doubting the justice
of his cause, believing it was righteous rad trust
ing in it. He died, as I live today, feeling that the
confederacy ought to have succeeded because it
wss founded on tiuth and justice. He gave his
life for the whole country rad the country gave
Its heart to Jackson. You, the men upon whom
he leaned In the hour of danger. In honoring him
also honor yourselves.”
What They Want InjDnrango.
Durango Record.
We want girls! Girls who can get themselves
up in good shape to go to a dance. The boy* are
getting tired of receiving invitations with a
request that they “bring ladies.” They are like
orangearad apple*—very scarce. We want girl*
who will go to church rad to Bible class on
... —tip th
livery business, rad will also hasten Ibe sale o.
residence lots, for buggies are the vehicles In
which homes are first thought of by many people.
We want girls that can wait on the table, who
ora smile us into ra appetite when stomach
bitters are impotent, rad who will make the
boarders regular at their meals.
We want girls for sweethearts, so that when wo
get ra arm shot off or are kicked by a mule, or
thrown from a bucking hone and are laid away
« W hear a gentle voice rad see
the glitter of a crystal tear, spoken rad dropped
in unconscious sympathy for our pain.
We want fat rad funny girls to make us smllo
all over, rad lean rad fragile ones to hang upon
our arms rad petit* blonde* who show themselves
on sonny dagi rad stately brunettes ao beautiful
Wedding; Weeks,
N. Y. Cor. of the Springfield Republican,
The tinkle of wedding bells peal daily
tho
•oft spring air, rad smiles of triumphant bride
grooms rad the blushes of fresh young brides
■ *■ “ coaches whirl op and
may constantly be seen, as c
■“— crowded
always
been'^ao sggravatedly ~matrimonial ’as’~now.
Wedding. —— -
down the crowded avenue. Post lenten weeks
» _ra * favorites for
uif they had never
ig, weddings, weddings,
hand, if you are persistently so< ,
distracted by the piles of cards that lie before you
and tbe number of congratulatory formulae you
must invent. You go rad go rad go, till you
are blinded by tbe shimmer of satin and digert-
1 rely disordered by unavoidable wedding cay
The latest thing in wedding arrangements Is—
after a small wedding—for the bride's parents to
•end ra engraved card announcing the marriage
to all their acquaintances. This is a foreign
custom, which is really very convenient rad
sometimes saves annoyance.
Tbe flomtiern Baptist Convention.
This large rad influential body assembled on
Thursday, May 5th, in Columbui, Miss. There
a fine attendance, although Georgia was
eaented by only a few delegates. From Dr.J,
aw ton. reporter of the Christian Index, who
returned yesterday, rad whose full report appears
in the Index today, we learn that the session
Another section of the force ws* under
the command of Colonel Pickens. About 150
yards in advance of this foremost fine were plac
ed the best riflemen of tbe corps of McDowell rad
Cunningham. Those on the right were command
ed by the former rad thoee on the left by the
latter. These were iostrntied to regulate their
movements as drcuraiuaces might direct, after
delivering their first fire, which was to be riven
when the British were within ISO yards. lathe
rear of the second line under Howard and be
hind ra eminence of sufficient htighth to conceal
them, the American reserve were placed. These
consisted of Washington’s cavalry rad MeCad’s
mounted militia of Georgia, armed with heavy
in and directing the pursuit of the enemy, are
remarkable and worthy of all praise. A portrait
of General Morgan in rifleman’s dress, drawn by
J. Herring, from a sketch by Col Trumbull, rad
engraved by Prudhomrce. is git en in tbe second
volume of the ffork entitled. “National Poi
Gallery cl dlattnaulshed America .
published by Batler, Rive A Co,
In IK7, in Philadelphia. The
strong resemblance of the statue, both in face
rad oostnme, to this portrait, mases it probable
that this, as well as a letter from Colonel Tium-
bolL describing the sketch, wu placed in the
poaMWtion of Mr. Ward while he wu designing
the original modeL
The granite base upon which the monument
stands is a substantial piece of workmanship,
its weight, l am told, is mote than sixty tons.
The stone la that compact, fine ground granite
which idccetsfnlly defies the ravages of time rad
resists decay, especially iu a dry climate, such as
this. If no extraordinary convulsion of nature
mission hoard reported receipts at *55 820 48, rad
tbe home mission board at $27,369 G-»—a total of
$33,190.17.
Greenville, €., was selected as the next place
i preached by Rev.
Tbe Cottod-Pfeker.
Memphis Appeal.
O. R. Smith writes the Raleigh (N. C.) Observer
that he has worked hia cotton picker for two
years, worn it out. rad proved that be Is the first
over once, and shows a better sample of cotton
Is well opened. Smith
that he will have one
of his machines on exhibition at the Atlanta
exposition next October. Pity he couldn’t send
one to this city lor exhibition at the convention
fair on the 2Acn
Tbe CoBStttntlos’s Enterprise.
Sparta Uhmaelite.
Tax Atlanta ownrnmox Is not perfect, as a
matter of eonrse. No paper is. But iu enterprise
fixed ont
The convention a ,
& Landrum, ©f this state, rad made a fine impres
sion.
The reports were very encouraging from all the
mlrtlonary fields.
THE NEW LINE
By tbe Macon and Brunswick to Mon
tomery.
8pedal dispatch to The Constitution.
New York, May 9.—I have just had a talk with
Mr. Wolffe, representing the German interest of
the Alabama rad Great Southern railroad, rad
he authorizes as true the rumor that I gave you
6aturday night that he ha* completed for Ms
principals the purchase of the Brunswick and
Albany railroad. It will be promptly extended
have a great system as i
SR up the llnkA for which they - have the
money radpurptee todo.
Tbe II- ~
as they
_ ave the
n. w. g.
ivy Drop lu Provisions.
Chicago. May 10.—'The cause of yesterday’s
drop in pork aud lard Is not announced. It docs
not seem probable that the sole canso was the un
expectedly large receipts of hogs, lor the number
not greater than has arrived on many days
jImmmb, but is believed that MeGeoch. of
Milwaukee, who controls considerable of the
product, waa engaged la shaking out the weak
nolders m order to strengthen his own grin. The
longer the prices are sustained, the better does it
become understood that other strong capitalists
stand with McGeoch rad give him the benefit of
their experience rad money. The decline on
pork averaged W cents rad on lara 25 cent*.
There was a partial recovering towards the last.
Cattle and Crop*.
expected. Gran rad water are pUnSSi and
SSmSoSK? SlS
ssaseaswi! »Slu s v^
Uouble - K lhey Ere opening new farms, atnTln
‘very otherwsy exhibiting thetrankSSS S
adopt the white man’s way. U>