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THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTOR, DECEMBER 20, 1881
AT THE EXPOSITION.
FACTS AND INCIDENTS OF THE DAY
NOTED.
Director-General Kimball Issues an Add re-s Belallve
to tbe Close of the ExpoeiUon-Kesolations of
the South Carolina Legislature-Jeffer
son Davis and the Great Show.
???The Atlaata"
ON IIEli ItETCBN TRIP To CINCINNATI.
The trim young ship ???Allanta,??? laden with the
products of Will them soil and the results of eon them
Jiilior, weighed anchor at 3 o'clock yesterday and
started on her return to the port in which she was
launched. It is to be ifcpcd that she will encounter
favoring winds, uud that she will mnlce n safe voy-
iie.- to Cincinnati. 'Jlie flowers with which she
wne Ire-dcckcd on tier lirst voyage have been re
moved, and her hull la covered with Florida moss
with a, trimming of cotton. The rigging
tt???e in triiu ofder. The chimneys were cov
??? se'l with moss with a hoary band of corded
nothin- The life-boats were covered with cot
ton and tilled with aamples of southern
products. The main mast was a stalk of Flor
ida sngar-eane, and from Its side near the
lop hung the tassel of a sugarcane stalk.
The caption???a deck was of cotton, uud there Black
well's hull ???held the fort.??? The dock was of cot-
1,,11. The cargo consists of twenty miniature bales
..f cotton???two of them from the Jaccurd jewelry
company and the others secured by the committee.
This cotton will be placed on the deck. The hull
is tilled with other products. Mr. Voylc, of the
Florida exhibit, furnishes all the fruits with some
other products. Florida thereby shows in the
cargo: Florida moss, a large shaddock, citrons, or
anges, lemons, Umes, grape frs.it, Maumee apples,
figs, tamarinds, cucumbers, vegetable marraw,
watermelon, pine upples, .lupunese persimmons,
sheaf of oats and sheaf of rice, rice hulled and rice
polished, corn, hemp, Florida Havana tobacco,
small and huge cocoa nuts, dates, sea shells, coral
sponges, pinders. gooln rs, cork, bread fruit, sugar
cane, | iota UK'S. etc. With the other portions of the
cargo are samples of the goods of the Ragle At File
nix milts, the Williinantic linen company, tobaccos,
mid farm products. On the deck is a
vase of cocooons. All these products make
up a varied cargo for the little ship. Major Black-
nall, of Blaekwcll???s Durham, contributes a goodly
quantity of Bull Durham cigarettes tastefully ar-
ntngeil In i-ases and In pyramids with a liumi.c-r of
packages of Blackwell's long cut. The Duke of
Durham has a similar supply of tobaccos, one piece
licinga w ell built light house, made of packages of
tobacco. One of the most unique things with the
cargo is a set of four silk handkerchiefs, made iu
the main building by tbe Wortemlyke manufac
turing company, having in the center a picture of
Ihe building and grounds.
The handkerchiefs were manufactured for the
four ladies who accompanied the ship on its first
voyage to Atlanta, and who made the presentations
Of the baskets of Bowers to the officers ot the expo
sition. The handkerchief for each has the name of
the owner In the comer. The names of the ladies
are: Mrs. Frank Alter, Mrs. G. W. Harper. Miss
Belle Duhumcnnd Mrs. H. M. Warren.
The sails of the ship are of blue silk, presented by-
Mr. Julius I???inney, representing Cheney Bros.
The ship was decorated and loaded by Mr. G. W.
Kingsley, and goes to Cincinnati under the care of
Mcssra. <5. W. Gest and W. II. Bowen, who will ar
range it in position on its arrival In the queen
city.
At three o'clock yesterday the party which will
accompany it lioarded a special sleeping car at 'the
union depot and left for Cincinnati. The party was
composed of MnjorJ. F. Cummings, lion. William
Markham, Commissioner Voyle, of Florida, Mr.
.Sidney Boot, Mr. B. W. Wrenn, Mr. Julius Finney,
of Cheney Bros , Colonel Cole, erf Baltimore, Mr. and
Mrs. J. F. Redd. Miss Mabel Cummings, Colonel
Sam W. Small, who will make the presentation ad
dress, and Mr. F. D. Gilman.
At the exposition hotel the train stopped, and the
ship was tuken on lioard, and the Atlanta with
cargo and crew started on the return to Cincinnati.
The party will return Sunday.
A Telegram
PROM THE GOVERNOR OF SOUTH CAROLINA TO THE
DIRECTOR GENERAL.
The following telegram, which was received yes
terday from Governor Haygood, of South Carolina,
by the director general, explains itself:
Columbia, 8. C., December 12,1881???To H. I.Kim
ball. Director General: The lollowlng concurrent
resolution has been adopted by the general assem
bly of this state:
lie it resolved by the senate, the house of repre
sentatives of the state ol South Carolina concur
ring, That this general assembly have received with
pleasure tiie invitation of the director general of
the Atlanta exposition to attend the said exposition
bn the 21st instant, and there to meet our fellow-
citizens of the Kentucky assembly
That we recognize In said cordial invitation a re
newal of the kindly feelings existing between our
people anil those of her sister state, Georgia, and we
send them God speed in their laudable endeavors
to develop the resources of the south. That we
urge upon the members of the general assembly
which will then, in all probability, be iu reecss to
attend the said exposition iu body on the said twen-
ty-Ilrst instant, and to leave Columbia on the twen
tieth instant; that thegovemor of this state is hereby
requested to communicate this action forthwith to
Director-General Kimball, and also request to join
with the members of the general asscrablyTn said
visit to the exposition: also such of the other stale
officers as may be able to attend.
That the railroad commissioner, Hon. M. L. Bon
ham, be and lie is hereby requested to ascertain
what rates of passage und convenience of tmns-
IHirtatlon can tic arranged for said visit nnd that he
do report as soon as practicable, that such members
of the senate and house who desire to attend the
said exposition shall forthwith give thetr names to
the clerks of their respective bodies.
Johnson Haygood, Governor.
An Address.
The director general has issued the follow
ing address to the press: To the Editors of
the Country: The announcement has been repeat
edly made that the International cotton exposition
will certainly close December 31st, but from hun
dreds of letters daily received at this office It is evi
dent that the people generally hope that something
may occur to induce the managers to extend it
through January. I, therefore, respectfully
request the press lo say that such an extension is
absolutely impossible. The exhibits will remain
intact until the last evening of this month. The
work of removal will begin January 2d. I would
also announce that the last will be in all respects
the most Interesting and important week of the ex
position, and that the closing ceremonies will be
particularly impressive. In giving to the press
this, which will probably lie the last general bulle
tin I shall issue. I desire to thank the journals of
this country for the untiring and unstinted support
they have given to the exposition from first to last.
To this more than to all other causes combiuod its
magnificent success is to be ascribed.
H. I. Kimball, Director General.
Jefferson Davis.
A personal letter to Mr. 8. Root contains the fol
lowing relative to the exposition: "I rejoice'In the
success of this effort to attract notice to our section
and to nromote its material development. Need 1
add that I sincerely regret my inability to witness
the manifestation? With cordial regard, I am very
truly yours, Jefferson Davis.???
The ISrnrh Show
THE AWARDS THAT WERE MADE.
The bench show opened yesterday, and at once
nrou???til the enthusiasm of a large crowd of people,
who made a rush for the show as soon as the doors
were thrown open. The keraaels are arranged on
the so -ond floor of the nsnex at the extreme west
end of the art building. They uro neatly filled with
straw, and the docs are eomforiably eared for. Each
kennel Is supplied with a card bearing the name,
the name and residence of the owner of the occu-
jmnt, with the breed and value of the dog. There
was very little delay.in getting everything arranged,
and to-day. when a few belated dogs arrive, the ex
hibition will be complete. Among the dogs that
will be put on exhibition to-day will be Director-
General Kimball's famous pug, ???Bijou.???
To-day at 10 o???clock, the judges will begin their
la hits, and os fast as a' eonelnsion is reached it will
b i made known, so that to-day will be full of inter
est. The judges are as follows: Major J. M. Taylor,
of Lexington. Ky., will judge the English. Irish
and Gordon setters and pointers: Colonel Huge, of
Atlanta, and Major Taylor will judge the Georgia
setters: Captain Heyward and Major Taylor will
judge the spaniels, fox hounds, grey hounds and
Scotch deerhounds; Captaiu Heyward will judge
the non-sporting dogs. The exhibition will close
Friday.
Below are the dogs that were In their kennels
yesterdav in the order in which they are kenneled:
11. \V. Smith. Atlanta, shows two mastiffs, ???Turk'???
value 5500. and ???Lady,??? value $250.
11. C. Edmonds, Elberton, Ga.. shows ???Lady,??? a
Newfoundland, with no price affixed.
Eugene Franklin. Ball Ground, Cherokee county,
shows ???Bull.??? a Newfoundland, valued at $500.
\V. C. Sparks, Atlanta, shows a mongrel cur,
-Low." with a valueof $200.
A. M. Perkerson. Atlanta, shows a number of
beautiful fox hounds.
J. Sam Teal, of Rome, shows an English setter,
valued at $250.
Butler Woodward, or Red Clay, shows an English
setter, valued at $5tW. .. ,
A. ombenr. of Rome, shows an English setter,
valued at $350. ...
T. F. Taylor, of Richmond, shows a black, white
and tan English setter, "Dashing Rover." which he
holds at the modest price of $10,000: and \Y. H.
Clayton, of Atlanta, has an English setter alongside
of him with a similar valuation affixed.
W. W. Lagare, of Walhalla, South Carolina: a
<1,000 doc.
A. W. Foster, of Madison, has a fine English set-
ter, which is not for sale and to which no valuation
r-as been fixed.
Robert I. Hampton shows a $500 English setter.
Willis E. Venable, of Atlanta, shows his English
setter pup. ???Sam, Jr.???
John F. Chapman, of Americus, Georgia, shows
his Irish setter. ???Mnk.''
J. O. Green, of Boston, shows his$1,000 Irish setter,
yTrix.???
A. W. Buckman, of Rome, shows some pretty
mongrel pups, valued at $15 each. ,
William Towers, of Rome, shows a $200 Gordon
setter.
John F. Chapman, of Americus, shows a fine
Gordon setter, to which no valuation is affixed.
II. W. Hopkins, of ThomasviUe, Ga., shows a Gor
don setter. ???Scott."
W. I. Heyward shows his fine setter ???Sport," to
which he affixes the value af $10,000.
C. F. Fairbanks, of Atlanta, shows a $100 setter.
W. I. Heyward, of Atlanta, shows a setter bitch
with a Utter of pups: the kennel valued at $7,500.
A. B. Wrenn. of Atlanta, shows a fine setter.
Annie Dixon, of Atlanta, shows a Georgia setter,
II. R. McComb. of Memphis, shows a fine pointer,
???SL George,??? valued at $150.
W. W. I.egare, of Walhalla, S. C., shows his
famous pointei r ???Rao.??? valued at$500.
Edmund Orgill. of Brooklyn, shows his famous
pointer, which he values at $150.
The three lust named dogs are brothers, from
Rush, and will make uu interesting contest for the
prize.
T. M. Clark, of Atlanta, shows his pointer
???Romeo.???
W. W. Legate, of Walhalla. S. C., shows his
pointer ???BeUona,??? valued at $500.
George N. Appold, of New York, shows his three
hundred dollar pointer ???Bravo.???
J-. M. Myers, of Rome, shows his hundred dollar
pointer "Barney.??? *
Edmund Orgill. of Brooklyn, shows his famous
pointer dog ???Rush.??? This dog is said to be the
iuost valuable dog in the entire exhibit, and has
had a valuation of ten thousand dollars affixed to
him. Mr. Orgill has several other dogs.
L. W. Fatnbrn, of Atlanta, shows a hundred-dol-
lar pointer??????Chance.???
J. C. Chapman, of Americus, shows his pointer,
Bell.???
J. W. Hopkins, of Thomasville, shows his pointer
???Nip.???
boiunel Frank E. Howe, of Boston, has entered
for exhibition only nis beautiful field spaniel
???Jet.??? This is one of the finest dogs in the exhibi-
ion
John Berkelc, of Atlanta, shows ???Ralph,??? a hnn-
d red-dollar pointer.
H. W. Hopkins, of Thomasville, shows his pointer
???Peggy.???
R. L. Vanert, of Pittsburg, shows a fine pointer.
C. B. Hargrove, of Rome, shows his two'hundred
dollar pointer pup, ???Senev.???
W. W. .Lagare, of Walhalla, 8. C., shows two
pointer pups valued at fifty dollars each.
Harvell spaniel club shows a field spaniel valued
at $250.
A. W. Foster, of Madison, showsa fine fox hound,
lily McKinney, of Tliomaston, shows his hundred
dollar fox hound "Ball.???
Dock .Smith, of Atlanta, shows his famous fox
hound, ???Forrester,??? valued at $1,000.
A. M. Perkerson. of Atlanta, has, among other
hcnnHful dogs, his well-known fox hounds,???Lead???
and ???Fox,???
Waiter Echols, of Rome, shows his fox hounds,
???Hop??? and ???Dora.???
H. W. Hopkins, of Thomasville, shows his beagle
???Crook??? and two pups, ???Dan" and ???Ned.???
W. Graham, of Rome, has a hundred dollar fox
terrier ???Nipper??? on exhibition.
L. H. Foster, of Madison, shows a beautiful grey
hound ???Jim.???
William Fox, of Lumber City, has on exhibition
his colly ???Smart??? valued at $500.
W. L. Edmondson, of Washington, Ga., has on
exhibition his $75 colly ???Fleece."
W. C. Sparks, of Atlanta, shows a $500 colly, and
a $250. colly.
William Jones, of Atlanta, shows his colly
"Tobc.???
The show is a very fine one and the hall is crowd-
ed. An admission See of 25 cents is charged.
Mr. W. W. Legarc???s setter. Vie, is one of the finest
specimens of the canine species that is on exhibi
tion.
Loloncl Heyward's ten thousand dollar dog,
???Spot.??? was formerly owned by Captain Ilyde, of
Decatur.
Things at the bench show moved along nicely
yesterday. Tire attendance was large and consider
able interest was shown. The principal addition
to the dogs was the arrival of Mr. J. M. Elliott???s
Siberian blood hound ???Zaff,??? a dog who hails from
Rome. __
The judges were busy all day, and completed
their labois by a late hour in the day. The prizes
were principally $25 for the first and $10 for the
second. Below are the awards:
Class 1???English setter dogs???First prize. Dashing
Rover. T. F. Taylor, owner; second prize, ???Ben,
Jr..??? Butler Woodward, owner, Red Clay. Go.; eoni-
??????icnded ???Mountain Dew,??? J. Sain Veal, owner,
Rome, Ga.
Class z???English setter bitches???First prize, ???Vic,???
\V. W. Legate, owner, Walhalla,S. C.: second nrize,
???Videau,??? T. B. Legate, owner, Camden, 8. C.;
commended, ???Opal,??? Butler Woodward, owner:
highly commended, ???Kate Claxton,???.R. I. Hamp
ton, owner, Rome, Ga.: very highly commended.
???Dutchess of Devonshire," A. W. Foster, owner,
Madison, Ga.
Class 5???Irish setter dogs???First prize, ???Captain,???
J. C. Vance, Chattanooga, owner.
Class 6???Irish setter bitches???First prize, ???Gypsy
Queen," J. C. Vance, owner, Chattanooga; second
K ize, ???Pink,??? John P. Chapman, owner; very
ghly commended, ???Trix," J. O. Green, owner,
Boston.
Class 7???Irish setter dog puppies???First prize,
???Comanche.??? J. C. Vance owner, Chattanooga.
Class S???Irish setter bitch pups???First prize.
??? Daisy,??? \V. L. Edmundson owner, Washington,
Ga.
class 0???Gordon setter dogs???First prize, ???Scott,???
H. W. Hopkins owner, Thomasville, Ga.; second
prize, ???Lang,??? Williard Bros, owners. Jonesboro,
Ga: commended, ??? 'Rake,??? Gordon kennel club
owners.
Class 10???Gordon setter bitches???First prize.
???Toot.??? Williard IBros. owners, Jonesboro, Ga.:
second prize, ???Mab,??? Gordon kennel club owners.
Class IS???Georgia raised setters???First prize,
???Sport," W.I. Heyward owner, Atlauta, Ga.
Class 14???Georgia raised setter bitches???First
prize. ???Sadie,??? C. F. Fairbanks owner. Atlanta.-
Class 15???Georgia setteT pups???First prize ???Lee,???
Annie Dixon, owner, Atlanta,
Class 16???Pointers over 55 pounds???First prize
"Rab,??? W. W. Legare, owner, Walhalla, S. C.; sec
ond prize ???Dan,??? R. T. Vandervort, owner. Pitts
burg; highly commended "Riot,??? E. Orgill, owner,
New York: commended ???St. George,??? *11. B. Mc
Comb. owner, Memphis.
Class 17???Pointer bitches over 50 ponnds???First
prize ???BeUona,??? W. W. Legarre. owner.
A Class 18- Point dogsunder55pounds???Firstprize
???Kush," Edmund Orgill, owner, Brooklyn. .Sec
ond prize ???Random,??? same owner; very high'y
commended "liravo'" G. N. Appold, owner. Balti
more. Highly commended ???Chance," L. W. Fum-
bro, owner, Atlanta, and ???Nip.??? H. W. Hopkins,
owner, Thomasville: commended ???Rolph,??? J.
Berkle, owner, Atlanta.
Class 19???Pointer bitches???First prize, ???Rne," E.
Orgill owner: second prize, ???Peggy.??? H.W. Hopkins
owner, Thomasville. Very highly commended.
Lnek,??? R. T. Vardevort, owner.
Class 20???Pointer dog pnps-Firstprize, ???Scney,???
C. B. Hargrove owner, Rome.
Class 23???Field spaniels???First prize, ???Benedict."
Homell Spaniel club owner, Hornellsvllle, New
York.
Class 26???Fox hounds???First prize, ???Jim Skinner,???
A. W. Foster owner, Madison, Ga.; second prize,
"Forrester,???'Doek Smith owner, Ailanta;highly com
mended, "Lead,??? A. M. Perkerson. owner. At
lanta, commended, ???Hop,??? Walter Echols owner,
Rome.
Class 28???Beagle dogs???First prize, ???Ned,??? If. W.
Hopkins owner, ThomasviUe.
Class 29.???Beagle bitches???First prize, ???Crook,??? H.
W. Hopkins, owner, ThomasviUe, Ga.
Class 32.???Grey hounds???First prize, ???Jim,??? L. H.
Foster, owner, Madison, Ga.
Class 34.???Collies???First prize, ???Tobe,??? William
Jones, owner, Atlanta. Second prize, "Fritz," W.
C. Sparks, owner, Atlanta.
Class 35.???Mastiffs??? First prize, "Turk,??? and verv
liiglily commended ???Lady, both owned by 1L \\.
Smith, of Atlanta.
Class 37.???Newfoundlands???H. C. Edmunds's dog
verv highly commended.
Class 46.???Miscellaneous???W. C. Sparks's bitch,
???Lucv,??? highly commended, and J. M. Elliott???s
Siberian blood hound very highly commended.
Colonel Morehcad's Address.
We publish below the able address of Hon
Frank C. Moiehead, president of the National cot
ton planters' association, delivered before the asso
ciation in the hall of the house of representatives
Tuesdav night, nnd which we have been unable-to
give sooenr, owing to the heavy pressure upon the
paper's space. We bespeak for it a careful perusal.
Mr. Morehead said:
Gentlemen and Members of the National Cotton
Planters??? Association, and Cotton Manufacturers'
Association, and Cotton Exchanges of America:
We are on historic ground, the <aty of Atlanta,
ground made memorable In the annals of war, but
destined to be far more so in peace, good will and
progress which the present year murks in its history
and records as an era in the history of the south
and the welfare of the nation.
Every patriot within the hearing of my voice
must appreciate the undisguised feeUng of pleasure
1 cannot but express in meeting such an assem
blage of representative men not only from the en
tire south, but our country at large, on such an
occasion. As a represen'atlve of the agricultural
ists of the south, it affords me peculiar gratification
to welcome la our hospitality with heart and hands
the distinguished men I see before me from the far
north and east and to express to them the involun
tary conviction that we deem their very presence a
harbinger of closer ties of friendship, business and
mutual prosperity for the future.
This meeting together of planters and manufac
turers, cannot but be productive of the greatest
J ;ood to both classes, their Interests being clo
nterwoven in many respects, for indeed the ms
facture of cotton commences at the gin house and
not at the factory, as is commonly supposed.
For while planter can add fully one cent
E -r pound to tne value of his crop by adopting the
test improvements for cleaning and ginning, or
as I said * on a previous occasion, clear the cost of
such improvement every season, or on a total crop
of 6,000,000 bales save twenty-five to thirty million
dollars per annum, at ten cents per pound for cot
ton. the manufacturer would also be benefitted by
being able to dispense with an eqnnlamount of cost
when it reaches the factory, and it is thus that
what effects one affects the other.
I did not intend at this point to go into the
economies of planting, but rather to illustrate one
of the many relations between planters and manu
facturers, as au appropriate reason for our meet
ing here together to-day.
I would remark in addressing you on this occa
sion, I shall avoid as much as possible the details of
statistics inasmuch as I have dealt so liberally iu
them in my previous addresses, iiotwithstaud'ing
the knowledge of the fact that they are the modem
levers that move the world.
It has cornu to be an established custom that the
president shall deliver a formal address at the an
nual reunions of the National Cotton Planters' as
sociation, aud the too great partiality of my friends
has caused me to have the honor of addressing vou
now for the fourth time. When I was elected to
Ibis office for the second time. I accepted it on the
condition that there should be no third term fully
u: tending to surrender the honor and the labor it
entailed, and especially the labor, to abler hands
for the future, convinced 1 had done my part to the
iK-st of my ability, whk-h was all that should have
been expected of me. As our political brethren
would say, however, when in the hands of their
friends. I submitted to what appeared to lie the
unanimous voice of our conventions, and there
fore. am here before you again. Indeed, though an
enthusiast in the beginning, I am a thousand times
more so to-day, aud see a nearer approach to the
realization and accomplishment of the grand work
in which we are engaged, than at anv time since its
commeneeinen t.
The clouds themselves seem lifting, and the at
mosphere and very stars seem brighter than at any
period since the accursed wur swept desolation over
our fair land and homes, not onlv in regard to the
???ture ol the association, but equally, if not more
so, in regard to the progress and development of
every material southern interest: and my friends
you well know that at present the prosperity of the
twuth is the prosperity aud welfare of the nation,
b???t no member of the body can languish without
affecting the entire system.
On every side of ns, throughout the length aud
breadth of the south, from the battle-scarred fields
of xirgiuia. and the Carolinas, redeemed by
teemiug crops and busy mills; through
the empire shite of Georgia, with its abounding
of water power sutlieient. it is estimated, to turn
the spindles of the world; to the everglades of Flor
ida, now being transformed, as if bv magic, into a
paradise for tne traveler and pleasure seeker, des
tined, if it does not already, to occupy the same re-
latiou to America tliat Nice and the Mediterranean
do to northern Europe; through the states of Ten
nessee and Alabama, with their limitless cotton
area and thousands of square miles of coal land ly
ing side by side with the richest iron and other ore
now being opened up with vast mines, furnaces
and factories (the state of Alabama alone contain-
tug 5,000 square miles of coal land in one bodv) to
the great inland sea, the father of waters,
???whose waves are as amber and whose sands are as
gold,??? that wash for hundreds of miles the great
state of Mississippi, which to-dav is one of, if not the
best, timbered and greatest, cotton state in the
union, twenty of whose counties, by actual esti
mate. will produce, with proper drainage and cul
tivation. more cotton than the total Americau crop
now amounts to.
From the state of Louisiana, with its three great
products, cotton, sugar and rice, whose metroiKilis
the city of New Orleans, is the queen city of the
south and the Paris of America: tde
largest direct receiver and the greatest exporter
of cottou in the world, and destined in the near
future, no matter what the railroad freights from
the west to the east may be, to become the largest
exporter of grain of all cities in the world, aud even
now, while X am speaking to you, possiblv the elec
tric ring of the sledge may be heard by a different
aud distant assembly in driving the last spike in the
last iron bar which shall link this greatest citv of
the south with the golden shores of the Pacific and
the great city of Sim Francisco; a state containing
in proportion to its area more fertile and less poor
land than any state in the union; from this natural
garden of America, then, through the state of Ar
kansas, which produces to-day more vatifcd crops
with a higher average of production per acre than
any state in the union, und whose mineral re-
sources are equally varied and valuable with tim
ber, and water power unexcelled, to the voung
giant of the south, the empire of Texas, whose iim-
itless area and resources aie too well known to need
anything said by me. Yes, throughout all this fair
domain, from east to west, tbe clarion, promise of
hope for the future has sounded the
death knell of by-gones, and though
the last census told for os a not unflat
tering tale, our next one will astonish the world.
Our mints, forests, and streams and other naturai
factors of wealth cry out und demand the right
to take part in this marvelous race of civilization
by which we are surrounded, and receive their
just recognition from the capital of the world, and
it is a matter of fact they do not cry In vain.
We have only to look, my friends, at our sur
roundings, and reflect that 4,000 miles of new rail
ways have been built this year in the south, and
almost eutirely in the cotton states, adding at a
cost of $30 per mile, $!20,000,000 to our wealth, and
giving us for our next census report with ihe same
rate of increase over one billion and a half dollars
of wealth and as many miles of railroads as the
entire union contained in lsu i over and above and
without counting the now existing Hues; which
should convince us that our fortunes have turned,
and that the south now enjoys once more a public
confidence that warrants the highest hope ami ant-
bition in the breast of every person within its
borders: nnd atthesametimeby thus increasing the
strength und wealth of tne nation, cause every
American wherever lie may be to thank God
that he is a citizen of this great
Roman republic of the nineteenth centurv???an
American citizen.
The building of onr great railway system is not
the only evidence of our progress, for in all the
cotton states, cotton mills and manufacturing en
terprises of many kinds are being started, while in
some of them the most gigantic mining operations
are being taken.
In the state of Mississippi, one English
firm has bought over one-half million
acies of pine timber land with the view of utilizing
the lumber and colonizing the land with farms and
factories, and two other American parties have also
bought equal amounts, In fact the
three parties in side oi three months
have bought all the public land there was for sale
in that state; while in all our other states great
land operations of more or less magnitude???all with
a view of colonization are taking place, which tells
the tale of or r next census.
Iu regard to southern pineries I would state a fact
most important in connection witli our future
wealth and not commonly knowu, which is, that
they are everlasting, for when cut down young
trees spring up and attain a growth ready for the
ax in twelve to fifteen years, whereas when the
pine of the northern latitude is cut a growth of
crub oaks follows.
ine word, my friends, iii regard to these gigantic
enterprises going on around us wnich scorn to
deal in less than millions of dollars throughout the
south, and north as well, and which the wise acres
predict will culminate in a terrible crisis at some
more or less remote time, find which one of the
most scientific journals of 'London says cannot be
delayed longer than 1884, judging by certain sun
spots which invariably precede them, and also by
the commercial rule that a panic must occur within
every eleven years, the last ouc being in 1873.
Let me say this much in encouragement of those
at a distance, who are investing their money with
us, in regard to the extent southern enterprises anil
property would be affected should a panic come, in
comparison with those of the north and west, and
which is said from a 'close observation and knowl
edge of the facts. It Is this, that the railroads now
existing and projected in the south arc far less in
extent than the actual demands of commerce and
the country, and this has been so for the past twen
ty years, indeed has always been so, and conse
quently should the general volume of commerce
and freight traffic be partially suspended by a
panic the local business of southern roads
would not be affected. In other words, the local
traffic of new lines in the south far exceeds that of
the new lines in the west, because the south is an
old and well settled country, while in regardtoour
factories and furnaces, they are far short in their
capacity of the local demand for goods, and do not
require to seek distant markets: illustrative of
which during the panic of 1873, not a single cotton
factory in the south stopped or shortened time, and
indeed they paid dividends right along while many
of the factories of New and Old England stopped,
reduced wages, had strikes, and nearly all of them
were greatly distressed.
There is yet another important consideration I
would draw your attention to. while speaking of
tlie advantages of southern investments, which
innv serve a purpose not only to capitalists who
come among us. but to many persons us well
throughout the country vwho may not have had
their attention called to the fact, and it is this???the
freedom of the south from all years of communism
and which fact in my deliberate judgment makes
thi< section the sheet anchor of American liberty
and constitutional government to-day. To more
pointedly illustrate this I have only to beg you con ???
sider a comparison taken from the census of 1880 of
the native aud foreign-bom population of the
south and north, from which it will be observed
that northern states and territories contain a total
population of 32,313,869, of w hieh 5,903,606 are for
eign-born, or 18.45 per cent of the total, while the
fourteen southern states, out of a total population of
17,838,999, eoutain only 713.751 foreign-bom persons,
or 4 per cent of the total; the ten cotton states show
onlv a proportion of 2.19 per cent foreign-bom.
The fact is well established that the rioters and
strikers of the summer of 1S77 through-
out the north were almost entirely for
eigners, while tbe southern states were absolutely
free from disturbance on all railroad lines and
in other branches of industry. It is not my pur
pose to draw upon the imagination or deal in
rhetorical flourishes, but faithfully to endeavor
throughout my address to make such statements os
can be substantiated by facts and figures, with al
ways most conservative estimates.
I now come to speak of the national cotton plant-
ers' association and the great work it has in view.
It has long been the desire of the association whose
membership has heretofore been mostly in the
western cotton states to have more intimate rela
tions with the progressive planters and farmers of
the Atlantic states, who have managed to raise
larger crops on poor land jthan the fertile valleys of
the west, whose lands have decreased in produc
tion per acr - almost as much os the lands of the
east have decreased.
It is proper that I should give some idea of the
aims and objects of an association that comes almost
a stranger before the planters of the Atlantic
states, asking their indorsement and co-oper
ation, but which has been before the country at
large now for over three veats, and recived a pnblie
consideration that perhaps no other agricultural
association ever enjoyed iu so short a time. The
governor and state treasurer of Mississippi declared
it had done more by constant agitation in connec
tion with its official organ, the Planters Journal, to
awaken and develop a spirit of progress aud im
provement in that state, than all other agencies
combined, nnd Senators Lamar and George, of Mis
sissippi, recently stated to me that the association
transcended in importance their most sanguine
hopes when it started, and that it now justly en
joyed a national reputation that was second to none
in tlu-union.
While it may be seen from these and many other
sources that the association has gained great prom
inence, and is confidently expected to accomplish
wonders, it is due to the public to say
that we have never been in a position, from
lack of funds, to do our greatest good cr even iu
fact to approach the good results that would follow
were we financially able to carry out our aims and
intentions. As set forth in the charter and by
laws, the objects of the association are as follows:
To develop all the material interest of the land-
lord and laborer by the more scientific and economic
cultivation of the soil; to urge on all classes inter
ested the absolute Importance of a diversity of
erops, to the end that we may be a self-sustaining
country, and consequently that cotton shall be-
come a surplus instead of as now the onlv crop: to
encourage the introduction of all improved and
labor-saving machinery and farming implements
for the drainage of lands and handling of
crops by competitive trials of the same be-
fore competent committees: to promote the
selection and improvement of all kinds of plantiug
seed; to foster the introduction of the best classes
of live stock for breeding proposes; to enter into
correspondence at once with various countries for
the introduction of additional labor, and to keep
prominently before the states embraced in this
association, the absolute necessity of some united
practical plan of immigration in which this associa
tion will co-operate; to be the- medium through
which parties interested may obtain information in
regard to plantations, timber or cane lauds for sale
or rent. And in general, to harmonize and concen
trate for the above proposes the efforts of all those
engaged in the cultivation and sale of cotton, as
well as those engaged in tiie manufacture of imple
ments and machinery therefor, and for such other
purposes as may b-??? hereafter determined.
From which it will be seen that the principles of
tiie association are those that underlie the very ex-
istence of our prosperity, wealth and progress'and
that although in name acotton planters association,
it isiu facta fanners' association of cotton planters
endeavoring to make diversified farming a success,
and that this can be done we have onlv to refer to
the many planters who have made it a success.
To sum it all in a nut shell, ouraim is to have one
head association or parent oflico with
branch associations of planters and
farmers in every county iu the cot
ton states. These farmers' associations in the coun
ties are for the purpose of meeting together once a
month uud discussing matters relating to the craft
of planting and embodying the result iu reports to
the parent office (furnished in blank) which shall
give an account of any improved implement, seed
or fertilizer, condition of crops, etc.
The reports from the branches shall be condensed
by the parent office and given back in turn to every
branch through the journal of the association and
by letter, so that the planters of Texas, for illustra
tion, may be kept constantly posted as to what is
going on iu their line of business in the Carolinas,
and vice versa. Annual meetingt of the entire as-
sociation with representatives from every branch
are to be held in first one state and theu another, at
which there shall be exhibits anil annual trials of
farm machinery. With respc-ct to local affairs or
management of the brandies the head office of the
association claims nothing to do.
In short, the parent office is one grand clearing-
house or exchange for information received from
the branches. \\ hen we consider of what imiror-
tance correct cotton reports are to a large portion
of the commerdal world, the benefit of such an or
ganization in this respect alone is incalculable,
for it is well known that at present there is no data
on the subject to be relied on, those who ate said
to be good authorities, difl'ering to the extent of
one million bales as to the crop. The price of cot
ton would advance five cents per pound to-day, if
it was definitely known that the crop now
being gathered would not exceed 5,0(10,000 bales,
and one eminent authority says it will be even less.
If this is so. and one-half the crop lias been al
ready gathered, the balance would bring $50,000,-
000 over and above the price they would receive
without this information. A very handsome profit
to be given to speculators next March, after the
planters have sola. Now, if any neighborhood or
county of farmers and planters in the cotton states
will say that they are doing well enough; that their
lands are producing as much as they should, and
possess a fair, salable value, uud all other condi
tions are equally favorable, I might admit they
had arrived at the acme of intelligence and well-
being, and did not need any information of the do
ings of their brother planters or the outside world,
and were a law unto themselves, and had no use for
a co-operativtf planters??? association.
But where is the country in the whole south
whose lands will bring one-half their value and ho\v
many alas are they that have no sale at all and that
are burdened with mortgages that under our pres
ent unfortunate system can never be paid.
On one occasion 1 saw a team of what once had
been very good mules worrying along a heavy mud
road, ana evidently the worse for want of corn,
and asked my friend with whom I was standing,
and to whom it belonged, if it could be his brag
team that was once the pride of the neighborhood.
He replied, I know you are astonished to see them
looking so badly, but the truth is they have got so
many mortgages on them it makes them poorto
carry them.
Now, my friends, this is the condition of our
country, and the man is recreaut to himself and
every trust who sees himself getting poorer every
day, or even standing still, without an eflbrt to bet
ter his condition, and I say to you the vital and un
dying principles of this association are the onlv sal
vation of our country by which a check can be
placed and a change made in our ruinous systems
of credit, share and tenant farming, and the bane
of all, the raising of but one crop, cotton.
liet all the agricultural associations in the cotton
states, whether granges or not. place themselves in
communication with us simply for the purpose of
helping each other with information which could
be none with little or no cost, and try the experi
ment for one year of co-operation, for we have no
jealousy, nnd, on the contrary, only the best feel
ings for all such associations. Our platform is
broad enough for ail to stand on, being without
creed, nationality or politics, and with no secret
meetings and no greasy poles to climb for initia
tion.
It is only???a few years since the best cottonin land
Egypt were selling for $50 per acre, while the other
day I saw a statement that they were bringing now
from $100 to $350 per acre, and they are no better
lands and have no more advantages than millions
of acres in the south.
The great question is, what can we do to raise the
value of our lands. ,
.If we had a provident peasantry that would raise
what they consume, and make cotton a surplus crop,
and save their earnings, the question would be
solved. If the south, in any way, could save or keep
for home investments the $250,000,000 it pays out
every year to buy meat, bread, mules and forage,
all of which could be made at home, then again the
question would be solved, and we would have the
richest country on the globe, with no occasion to go
to Boston or England for money to build our fac
tories and railroads.
I have studied the question closely and earnestly
from every standpoint, und from personal experi
ence, and the experience of planters in nearly every
cotton state, and now deliberately declare my con
viction to be that such conditions of
general indebtedness with rates of interest exist
as to prevent the planters from adopting the onl y
system, that of wages, by which ihey can intelli
gently direct farming operations, and that these
conditions, together with others, will always pre
vent not only the blacks but many of the whites
ever becoming that thrifty land-owning peasantry
or yeomanry, so necessary to the prosperity of a
country.
When I ask my planting friends why they do not
adopt the wages system and give intelligence, econ
omy anti diversity to their farming, they reply, I
am???too poor to pay wages, or all my neighbors work
on shares, or rent and wages labor is very unrelia
ble nuder such circumstances.
Mr. H. W. Grady, a gentleman of Atlanta, who
has given much study to the question, in a very
able article in Harper???s Monthly, recently said
that the labor and- farming systems of the south
would resolve themselves into either one of small
farms or large land holders, and I agree with him
entirely, naming the latter only as the system that
must prevail if we would have a country prosper
ous alike for landlord and laborer.
We have only to look around us to-day to see
that the planters of the largest scale are the most
prosperous* because they are able to buy more
largely and practice more economies. I do not al
lude at all to fanners, for they are all 'prosperous,
but to planters only.
Some persons might take issue with me here, and
from sentimental reasons or otherwise, declare that
large landed estates were inimical to republican
institutions and degrading to the yeomanry of a
country, or that the system of small farms and
land-owners was more necessary to the future pros
perity of a country than those 1 advocate on a large
In regard to its being degrading to labor to be
hired and unrepublican in spirit, I would simply
sav that all the great manufactories of the north and
south, and all the farms of the north, are worked
by the owners with hired help, and nowhere can
the proper system be maintained except by hired
labor. Must we, from sentiment, continue to make
partners nnd landlords of pauper labor? Is there
any demand on the laud-owners of the south to
treat labor differently from the manner in which it
i* treated in ail other parts of the world?
Now, considering our labor in connection with
the share and tenant systems. Have those systems
a tendency to make labor work thriftily and save?
Is he not like the planter, degraded with debt from
January to January; and are not his morals from
this cause, together with drink, becoming worse
every year? is he not dissatisfied at every aununl
settlement he ever has, (l mean as a rule) not able
to understand accounts and interest? Now com
pare the sugar plantation of Louisiana worked by
wages, with the appearance of even the best tilled
cottou land worked on the share or tenant systems.
Well, my friends, there is no comparison: one is a
garden, tue other is a uisgaree to fanning. And no
wonder that the planter under such systems, pays
so little or no attention to permanent improvement
and adornment of his home. You will say we
agree with you. anil if we could arrive at a wages
system it would lie best for all parties: best for us
because we could keep our places in repair and
bring our lands to a nigh estate of fertility and
make what crops we choose and best for the laborer,
because there could never be any ill feeling about
accounts, lie bel: g paid every month according to
his work, the planter retaining a part of the wages
to insure carrying out the contract, and labor hav
ing lien on erep for deferred wages.
It Is simply nonseuse to tell us who know that the
present laborers of the south will ever generally
become land owners. Land was sold to freedmen
on the most favorable conditions without a dollar
down, and with mules and provisions advanced
for an entire year, and in ninety-nine cases out of
the hundred it had to be taken back.
Far from being averse to selling them land, it
was, for a long time, a delusive dream of many
planters to sell their lands, and thus give the froed-
men the same interest in the country that the white
owner had, but every practical planter before me
knows that, with rare exceptions, such sales have
been failures. In justice to the colored mail on
this subject. I would say that in many cases it has
only been the fault of his want of education which
has made him an easy prey to the local store-keep,
er, and cotujK'lled him to give up his pureliase-
Tliis lack of education stil! exists, however, and
must continue to exist for a long time to come, and
we must contend with the problem as it is
The only way I see to solve the problem of in
creasing the value of their lands, giving our coun
try its due share of prosperity, is to .interest capital*
ists and have them furnish the money under some
equitable adjustment of values and consolidate ten
to fifty plantations or more under one manage
ment with a cash system: diversifying farming,
adopt the latest improvements for cultivating,
ginning and packing cotton and erect central plan
tation cotton seed oil mills wherever most con
venient to the whole??state, and in tine adopt the
same business system throughout that brings suc
cess to a railroad or factory.
Large areas tti land in India. Egypt and South
America, are worked on this plan, and there is no
possible doubt iu regard to its paying well aud
with greater security to capitalists than is offered by
many of the stocks that find current sale on Wall
street to-day. In answer to those who ask. can you
find capitalists who will join you in the enterprise. 1
would say, undoubtedly, yes, under proper condi
tions nnd representations, and 1 now predict that in
five years??? time one-third, if not one-half or more
of the present cottou area will be cultivated iu this
manner.
The convention should, therefore, take some step
to bring the advantages of the system before the
capitalists of the world.
This is co-operation, and I wish you to think now.
my friends, of how all the great works of the world
have been accomplished by co-operation: of tbe
great number of farmers clubs throughout the
world, with their libraries of thousands of volumes,
the statistics of which 1 gave in a previous address,
and how few wc have iu the south. Is it not time
fora change? Should we not read more and try a
little book funning and other changes? I know
many good farmers laugh at such suggestions aud
imagine they cannot be taught anything, but some
times they laugh in the wrong place, for instance,
when all iris neighbors, forty-six years ago, laughed
at John Johnson, a Scotch.farmer of Geneva, N. V.,
foe importing drainage tiles from England, the first
ever laid in America, and thought him crazy. In
two years he was raising the finest crops in the
country, and the laugh was turned. The most im
portant of HU work on a farm is good drainage,
which is necessary to make large crops, and the
next most important is the latqst improved imple
ments for cultivating and handling them when
made.
The question has been asked me, can cotton be
made at 2% cents per pound, to whk-h I would
reply, that the p an ter who raises everything he
uses and mnkcscotum an absolutely surplus money
crop, can make more money at 2'Z cents, than the
all-cotton planter can at 10 cents. 1 do not thin!;,
however, cotton raising can he made remunerative
whenever it is a surplus crop under 6 cents, and
where it is not. at under 12 to 14 cents per pound.
I believe the present crop has cost 9 to 10 cents pgr
pound, and that the next will cost even more,
owing to the high price of the necessaries used iu
its making, ami 1 would earnestly pall the atten
tion of plauturs to tiie importance of planting large
ly of grasses and grain tuis whiter and spring, as of
the greatest value in the economies of plaining.
Now. my friends, there are several things this
convention should do. Wc should urge immigra
tion, legislation, und aid as a duty upon our states.
We must ask tiie government to give us an experi
mental farm', under this association.
We must ask it with no uncertain voice to make
the United States commissioner of agriculture a cab
inet officer, and give him a fund of not less titan
$1,000,000 for the United States agricultural dejiart-
ment, which would then be far less titan anv other
first-class government on earth gives to tltis intjtor-
tant department, nnd far less than it needs for its
great work. While on this subject I would mention
that I have understood that southern members of
Congress had defeated the Southern Pacific bill,
and again the subsidy bill to establish a line of
ships from New Orleans to South America, und it
has been intimated to me that the democrats would
not vote to make the United States commissioner of
agriculture a cabinet officer and place more money
in his department, for fear of adding strength to the
party iu power. For my part, gentlemen
of tiie convention, I must say that
I should deem any such action on the part
of our friends on tltis subject a most misguided und
mistaken policy. I take it that a broad and liberal-
minded mau, who is a true agriculturist and true
to his craft and a lover of it, and otherwise fit to;>>e
at the head of so important a department, wool 1
always be conservative and add conservatism to any
party. He should bea ppointed as a conservative
aud known to be a conservative iu politics. A man
may be a decided republican or a decided democrat
and still be conservative, and such n man I believe
to be the distinguished occupant at present of that
office, and who to-day is our honored guest, the
Hon. George B. Loring, the first United States com
missioner of agriculture, let us hope, ever made a
cabinet officer.
I would state, under the laws of Mississippi^the
National cotton planters??? association is cinjiowered
to issue $100,000 stock, and that wo have placed the
par value of the shares very low, in order that ev
erybody who feels sutlieient interest may subscribe
and assist in the great work of regenerating our
country.
if there still lingered in the minds of any one
present the vestige of a doubt in regard to tile ca
pability and earnestness of the south in the race of
progress now being so eagerly and hotly contested
in every part of America, it has surely been more
than banished not only by the railroads, factories
and enterprises now being constructed in cverysee-
tion, but by the living and inexorable facts of the
great exposition, by which we are surrounded to
day. What has brought about this one of the most
wonderful industrial exhibitions of its kind ever
attempted before iu the world, and caused it to be
situated away down here in Dixie, surrounded by
cotton fields, and far remote from the denser hives
of humanity?
Have these enterprising exhibitors brought their
vurious-products aud machinery here, spent thou
sands of dollars and months of time for an idle
show or in mere vanity? Has tltis great body of
representative men before me left their plantation
and vast business interests of all kinds to coinc here
for a pastime and without a purpose?
Ah no! doubly ond thrice no! My friends, the
exposition is a world's recognition at last of what
has heretofore been an undiscovered country to
enterprise nnd capital in its wide and true sense;
and the exhibitors but follow the instinet of true en
terprise the world over in bringi ng their wares tbus
prominently before a country that must become in
the future far greater customers than they have
ever been in the past.
As the exposition is to the world of mechanics, so
this convention is to the world of thought, the one
is incomplete without the other, indeed the one is
the complement of the other.
Has the exi>osition done its part? Has it brought
together the manufacturers of all kinds of agricul
tural implements and machinery and textile fab
rics? Has it made a faithful endeavor lo itisplay
the varied und wonderful resources of ourcountrv?
I think every mau within the hearing of my voice
will answer with me and say yea, und well done
then good and faithful servants.
??? This body Is an integral part of the exposition
without which it would be as a wagon without
wheels or a house without a roof.
5Ve are to be the exponents iu thought of the re
sults here witnessed uud suggested, and to crystal-
izethem into actual experience; and it is our part
and duty to arrive at facts, and to spread these facts
broadcast before the less fortunate of our people
who from one cause or another have been unable
to attend it and see for themselves.
I think it would be proper to say a few words in
regaid to the inside history of the exposition, that i
fear would be left out entirely if it were not for me,
and thus fail to do justice where it is most deserved.
1 assume that the first correspondence on the sub
ject was between Mr. Edward Atkinson, of Bosion,
and myself, which took place long before auything
appeared iu print, and was carried on during the
first part and middle of the year of 1880.
The Mississippi Vailey Cotton Planters??? associa
tion, out of wnich this association grew, and which
was commenced in the spring of 1879 with a mem
bership of four states, made, as every one knows,
several efforts to have the exhibition of cotton ma
chinery on a large scale a part of their annual
meetings In the autumn of 1879 an effort was made
to have one on a grand scale in the citv of New
Orleans, and several thousand circulars were
issued???by myself, jointly with Hon. \V. h.
Harris, commissioner of agriculture, and
Hon. Duncan F. Kenner, president of the
Sugar Planters' association, of Lanitiana. With
this view 1 visited the Cincinnati and Chicago ex
positions and St. Louis fair, to obtain all the nec
essary information, and everything wentfarenough
to assure us of a great success, but it had to be
abandoned because of our failure to procure a suit
able building.
To our annual meetings at Vicksburg the next
year, and at Memphis the year after, wc sent out
several thousand invitations to manufacturers to
meet us aud exhibit their machinery, but with
only i??artial success.
The progressive efforts of ours, and correspond
ence with Mr. Atkinson on the subject, I doubt nut
suggested the idea to him, and 1 feel certain that
we deserve that much credit, and that lie would
give it to us were he here, for he is too great and
just a man to feel that partial credit given toothers-
could detract from the laurels he so richly deserves
at the hands of the entire nation, and ospeciulTy
from the south, forliis distinguished name lias done
piore limn any other to contribute to the great suc
cess we see before us. which i, with all true patri
ots. would now place u|am his brow.
The first article that ever appeared in priut on
the subjeet was iu a letter by Mr. Edward Atkinson
to the New York Herald in August, 1SSU in whk-h
as in his letters to me, he insisted that the exposi
tion should l>e held either in New York or Wash
ington, while in my correspondence mid in the ??ec-
oud article that ever appeared iu priut, written by
myself iu the September number cf tne Planters'
Journal,the official journal of this association 1
took strong grouuds against its being held anv-
where out oi the south, bcliuviug it would fall
short of its conception aud prove a virtual failure
so far as it was to be an educator to the planting
interest which was the main idea with us all.
Mr. Atkinson himself soon saw the force of this
reasoning, and in a persoual conference with him
in Boston iu tin- fall of 1880, we agreed that I should
return to Vicksburg, ami as president of the associ
ation, call for a conference between representatives
of the city of Atlanta, Louisville, Memphis ami
New Orleans, and these representatives should
agree to hold the exposition iu that city which
should offer the greatest inducements.
Mr. Atkinson gave me the name of Mr. Logan
Murray, president of the chamber of commerce, of
Louisville, and gave me -Mr. Kimball???s, ami I think
several others at Atlanta, that ho had either seen o:
corresponded with on thesubject.
1 called on Mr. Murray, who told me Louisville
would give #150,000 to secure the exposition, but 1
frankly told him that Ixtuisville was too fur north
undlshould vote against his city, and that I thought
New Orleans Would be the only other city iu the-
south Unit would do better or as much.
To the enterprise of Atlanta and tile great press
of the country und its thousands of talented ami
underpaid correspondents belong the undving
fame therefore of this the greatest cotton exposi
tion ever held in the world aud the seeond greatest
exposition of any kind ever held iu America, and
which will be known as the era of the 19th century
in the history of the south.
To Mr. Kimball, the direetorgencral, thecmmtrv
owes a debt of gratitude, not only for his grand
conceptions, but the faithful and lultorious service
he bos given to the work, huu the masterly execu
tive ability lie lias shown iu the rapidity of its exe
cution.
It is not my purpose to speak of all
the honoied names that deserve men
tion, but simply t<> give a few men
justice, but before leaving tiie subject I would sug
gest that this body, before its final udjourment, is
sue a call for all tiie planters who can lo come here
and visit the exposition, ami also urge the expo
sition authorities and exhibitors to hold ojk-u for at
least two more months.
I would have it pass resolutions also urging rail
roads to give low fares every day until the close,
and in case there is a deficiency when its accounts
are finally settled up to urge the people throughout
tiie country to make it np by private subscription,
and not allow tne men wlto have stood in the
breach to suffer. I would gladly start a list witli
$100 for the suite of Mississippi.
Before closing I must allude to a subject that I
deem most appropriate, coming from roe os president
of the Planters??? association, which is that of planta
tion manners.
Vi'e are all planters, nnd this is an association of
planters, amt we know that the manners of the best
type of plantersare now and have always been those
of the cultivated gentleman, nnd that iuthedavs
gone by they were courtly lo a degree almost unna
tural in a republican country, all brought about by
the system which made the south a country of large
lauded proprietors who in all ages and countries
have been considered a class possessing the highest
degree of gentility, tefinemeui and courage.
Inasmuch as the early plautcs of Virginia and
the Carolinas were allied with the best nnd noblest
blood of England and Fiance, aud in many cas*s
belonged to the nobility of those colonies,
affected the most courtly manners of Europe,
and Sir Walter Uuieigh, whose vlruin Queen Eliza-
beth. the mother of suites, the great state of Vir
ginia was named, ami for who was the host man
nered man iu the kingdom, could welt be consid
ered a type of their cluvahy.
Thackeray lias sought to illustrate tiie finest trails
of English character and manners by taking Vir
ginia tis tiie scene of one of his best novels.
Tin- first lesson taught to their sons by the plant
ers of the old regime, from whom we take tbe name
of planter, were to speak the truth and ride horse
back, und, their education was continued afterwards
at borne by a private tutor, under the influence ??f
a refined, Christian mother, until they were readr
for college: when they were sent to ihe???best univer
sities in this country or Europe.
It is a historical fact, that the first agri
cultural or horticultural exhibition in the
United States, was by the planters of South Caro
lina, and its record shows tiie high state of socictv
in the country around Charleston, not only in the
value and artistic l isle of the prizes, but also in tin-
rules and regulations of the society. When, in ad
dition lo what 1 have said, we consider that Wash
ington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Clay, Calhoun.
Tyler and Randolph were pianteis, it needs nothing
more to endear plantation-manners ns a herituge of
all manly, noble and refined traits to the hearts of
every man, woman and child wherever the name
planter Is known.
Let us then far from allowing the iconolnst* and
tricksters of the day to hike from us this precious
lieri'age of good manners by ridiculing ana calling
them vulgar; rather teach the youth of ourcountry
that they can have no higher aim than to cultivate,
emulate and be proud of the plantation manners-
of Washington, whk-h at least my friends are only
those of tiie cultivated gentleman throughout the
world.
In connection with tltis subject, it is proper 1
should express thanks to the lion. John Perkins, of
Louisiann, for some valuable suggestions.
In conclusion, I would, in behalf of the class I.
represent, and also as this convention is national
in character, in behalf of the entire south, express
the profoundcsl thanks to all the subscribers to this-
great exposition as well as to the exhibitors, nnd
especially to those from the north who have thhs
added one more assurance of their friendship to
their noble generosity during tiie yellow fever, and
which the entire south always sc gratefully remem
bers.
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