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J WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. ^ t?** 1 *^^* TOT «4 TUESDAY MOKNB£€L FEBRUAliY 28, 1882. PRICE 5 CENTS economV is wealth IN HANDLING COTTON AS WELL AS IN ANYTHING JELSE, Colonel W. T.. Barrow/. Active Brain Find, a ITew Source of Wealth In the South—W hat he Tblnka of Improved Kathode In Gtoning Cot ton-Cotton Seed Oil Kill.. Etc. Colonel TV. Borrows. o’. the '.VUlmaaiic Linen company, no well remembered throughout the south an the foremost friendjot our late exposition, In New England, aud the man, perhaps, who con tributed m»re to give it actual success than any other, 1m- bean in the city a day or two, on his re turn fro.n Flo: Ida. The deep interest that Colonel narrows took In thoaoulh and that led him to take so active a part In the exposition was deepened by his three months'^uy in Atlanta. Although a young man he Is at the head of one of the largest establishments In the world, employing sixteen hundred hands and running 120,000 spin dles, and making a product that is put squarely in competition with the best products of England and Scotland. lie has, therefore, studied the question of cotton manufacture Tcry closely, and is thor oughly acquainted with its needs. A representa tive of Tiik Constitution had a talk with him on yesterday touching the outlook for mauufacturlng In the south, and take* the liberty of printing the substance of what be sahl. “Ill tiie first place,” said he, “let me say that 1 don’t desire to discourage in the slightest degree the establishment of large cotton mills for the spin ning and weaving ol cloth. The more you have of them the better for the stockholders and for the •oo th at large. I believe that they will pay, and I would be glad to see fifty built within the coming year. But it is so plain to any northern man that the real basis of growth for your people is not in mills that I look will! much more interest to another de partment of manufacturing. “Let us agree that cotton Is the great staple, and that from Its handling the greatest industry of the south must spring. I contend that there is more money to be made, more good to be done, less risk to be encountered, and less capital to t employed in handling the cotton this side of the spindle tbnn beyond it The manufacture of cotton must begin 'With the gin, and UI were coming south to-rooirow to Invest in cotton manufacture I should put my money In improved gins and presses. The cleanliness and care in the handling of this white and delicate liber are ttic first requisites, and, of course, cleanliness and care arc no where so necessary as at the first stage of the game. If the lint, when it is taken from the boll Is subjected to a process which tears aud dirties it we see that the process is started on the wrong pinn and must be corrected somewhere. It always coats more to _ correct an error thau it docs to start right, consequently we say the present system of cotton manufacturer is started in exactly tho wrong direction. For example, who would buy doth of a manufacturer who allowed the fabric to fall loom hi* loom on a dirty lloor, pack it in a rough bugging that only partially enclosed it, pile It on tho street iu rain and dost, ond allow any mau who desired it to Jab into It with a kuifo? Such a man ufacturer would be considered crazy, and yet this Is precisely what tlio southern •.nan does with his cotton that requires Justus much cans in handling as the cloth itself. There is more profit and pro gress of reform at the gin than anywhere else.” what is your pUn?’l , _ •toy plan would lie’this; To establish aiie\V"meth-' od of ginning, pressingand baling cotton. For ex ample.! would put up a large,commodious building and would fill it with, say fifty rollerglas placed in even rows and run by one engiuo. X would then have a competent mechanic to watch these gins and sco that each one was in perfect order and doiug its perfect work. At the tail of each gin I would put a wire cloth that would receive the lint as it came from the gin and carry it directly to the press without its ever touching -the floor, or being touched by hand. 1 would have a press of new pntent that would press the bale into compact shape, and as fast as the cot ton came from the gin pres* uml neatly bale it, so that not a particle of the lint would be exposed. 1 would then mark each bale with my mime and guarantee and send it to market. I am satisfied Unit cotton thus handled and thus marked would bring a halt a cent per pound more than the same quality of cottou ginned la the preseut way. Mr. Atkinson, Mr. Gartcd and others think It would bring a cent more, but let us say a half cent.’’ "What would such an establishment cost?” “The fifty roller gins would cost probably S3,000; the engine—say 1.500-horse power—§1,500; the press, the building and all could be had for less than S10.000. Those gins would handle 10,000 pounds of cotton per day, or 200 pounds each. A half cent advance ou this above Uie ordinary price would be firs) per day as extra profit. I am certain that Uicso gins run with precision and in workmanlike manner would do Uie work cheaper and better nnd make more clear money out of them than could be mads by the ordinary gins. Yet we know that nothing Is more profitable • than a gin run even in the present slouchy way. With these improved gins you could mAke more money by selling the cotton at tho same price Uian by ordinary ginning. But then you would have a half cent per pound, or fifty dollars a day surplus by the new plan. This would be three hundred dollars a week, or say five thousand dollars for the season—in itself a fifty per cent return on your in- TeatmenL” “You simply suggest then a reform in gins and Sinning?” “Yes. The business is profitable to the ginner as It stands now. With fifty roller gins under intelli- gent control, working in a clean building with the oottou properly handled and baled, and the guar antee of the ginner put on each, bale, the establish ment would pay. Besides the ordinary profits of ginning, which would give a good dividend, a surplus of 50 per cent on the capital would be made by reason of the increased price which the cotton would bring. ••You don't allow for the increased speed of the saw gins in this estimate.’ *‘Oi courae 1 do. I estimate that £0 roller gins will do the work of. say five saw gins. The roller gins would cost, say S25.000, while the saw gins would cost S15.000, so that on an investment of one thou sand dollars more you would get the same yield of cotton per day, with less wear and tear, because the 'roller gin Is not so complicated os the saw gin. don’t know of any investment of a like amount of money that promises so rich and so certain a return and that would offer an example of so much merit. In India and in Egypt these ginning estab lishments are common, indeed the crop is bandied almost entirely in this way. Tho planter in Egypt sends to England fora stand of twenty gins and it is scut out in complete shape, an engine, gins and everything with plans for boose iu which to put them.”! “Tltfse ginning establishments would bo the nuclil from which other industries would spring? “Why, certainly. This would he an inevitable •onscqueucc. For example you would find near such a gin mill, a cotton seed oil mill, that would handle the seed turned off from the gins. Yon would find near the mills large stock farms on cheap seed oil mills. I remember that when I was ahoy we had linseed mills all over New England that were comparatively cheap. The present ma chinery for manipulating the cotton is costly and cuvnberous, but cs soon as the demand for cheap machinery become- confi rmed the cheap machinery will be offered. Even now they are arranging to treat • cotton seed oil with naptha by a cheap and simple process. You need have no fear. With these gin establish ments put up all over the cotton-growing region there would ha cheap cotton-seed oil mills to go with them. ALcr the scad-oil mill was cstab Ushed the next thing tan would come would be the yarn mill of a th •iviaud spindles that could be put up for live or six thousiad dollars, that would spin the lint and send the yarns to the weaving mil that might be located in the neighboring city where there was an abundance of skilled labor. There it would be woven Into cloth and you would have the entire process of manufacturing estab lished for safe and sure dividends.” Why does not some one start such an establish raent?" 1 have no doubt that several will be startcdl more or less extensive, during the season I made an estimate for Colonel Kicks, of Mississippi, at bis request, upon a ginning mill of 50 gins capacity, with a press and small cotton seed oil mill at tached. I don’t know that he will build, but do know that he agrees with me that tho most important reform and progress in the manufacture of cotton rests with the gin and the gin-house. I have heard that certain northern spinners who are interested in showing the southern planters how much more profitable it would be to gin cottou properly will establish a ginning mill upon an Improved plan somewhere in Alabama. Y’ou may rest assured (hat very- very large amounts ol capital will seek southern in vestment within the next year, aud it is equally certain that some of it will be invested in ginning mills, which offer such heavy profits, demand so little capital and are attended with such small risk. One properly established and fairly- worked would do more to establish others than lenyears of argument. You may then have a boom iu improved methods of glutting, compared to which the present boom in seed oil mills will be trifling.” “The south must learn,” said Colonel Barrows, “what the north has learned long ago, and that is that it is not large factories that make the pros perity of a section, but small industries. In the south you cannot hope for enough capital for some time to come to build large factories at very many different points, and if you keep public attention directed to these great enterprises men of small capital will decline to invest ut all ns they cannot raise enough to compass one of these. On tho other hand, if you teach them whut is true, that there is more profit nnd less risk in small enterprises over which the owner can exetelse a personal supervision, and the profits of which he can handle himself, yon may encourage small capitalists to invest in small loeal enterprises. These will make your section prosperous, will give you diversified industries that will employ not only the head of the family, but his sons and daughters and wilt certainly bring the larger enterprises which wilt not come without them. I am deeply interested in the welfare of the south. I have been met with such unexpected and unusual kindness, and have formed many attachments. I would bo much encouraged to see some man of moderate capital, but of careful habits and energy, tasc hold of this ginuing question aud SOME THINGS THAT A GREAT MANY PEOPLE DO NOT SEEM TO KNOW. The 3tiat»ko of Vaccinating the V7hole Famt y at Once— A Determination to Gat Even — Sens SpccSmon* of Rural Science not Gener ally Xnovsu to the People. establish u mill, put in improved gins, presses, os tabllsh an oil mill, and determine to make the gin ning and baling of cotton just as clearly, a pre cise mid dcllnito industry ns the weav ing of the it-iking « a! thread. Such atnan would not only got good divi dends upon his Investment and secure profitable and safe business, but would be the pioneer in the movement that would.do more to give the south strength nnd wealth than anything that has yet been devised." Colonel Barrow's well known sagacity and the snccess tnat has attended his work, gives his words especial weight, and wo commend them to our readers. There are hundreds of men with from five to twenty thousand dollars in the south to-day, looking forun investment Hint will give them a safe business nnd pay them better returns thau plant ing cotton or advancing money to farmeis. If they will build such a ginning mill as be suggests, run it upon the plan as outlined, we feel sure that the best results will bo attained and a very important reform started Ool.lUarrows will take pleasure in giving detailed information to any one wishing to engage in such business. Uf course itls unnecessary to say that he lias no interest in the matter except to make a suggestion that he believes will be of public benefit. It is proper to say that we have given the sub stance of his conversation without his revision, nnd he must not be held accountable for any error that may be found in what has been written. We have simply given his ideas and may have missed some of his details. THE BOSTON HERALD And Its Schomcs fur Developing tbo South. We had a pleasant call on yesterday from Colone R. M. Pulsifer, one of the proprietors of the Boston Herald. Colonel Pulsifer and his two partners in the Herald own a railroad In Florida running from Sanford to Apopka, a distance of about four miles. They are now extending it eighty miles further. They also own a large and.wc believe, acohtrolling interest in the Marietta aud North Georgia railroad, which is also being extended os rapidly at possible. Colonel Pulsifer has spent the last three weeks in an investigation of these two properties and yester day evening left for Boston. Of the Marietta and Noith Georgia railroad he said: We are very much encouraged at the outlook of this road and the country through which it passes. It will be a great developing ageut and prove a very ▼aluable property.” How nearly is it completed?” We are now running about three miles beyond Canton. We should have been further than this but for delays in building a bridge over the Etowah. The work on this bridge has been washed away three times, but it is now iu a fair way for comple tion. We have about two hundred hands at work aud everytning is moving forward rapidly.” When will you reach Jasper?” We will ran trains through to Jasper about th* 15th of May." The work will then be pushed forward to Mur phy?” Yes. We have the means to finish the work and intend to do it. I can’t tell yet when we will reach Murphy, hut you may say that the work will be steadily continued until that point is reached. We have bought Iron for the road and it will be equipped in good style, and will be able to promptly aud comfortably handle all the trade that Is of fered.” You think that it will develop the country through which it passes?” “I am sure of it. To givo you an example. Me ssrs Wi.liams, Black & Co., who own the Ducktown mines, have announced that they will put fifteen hundred men at work in the mines as soon as we reach that point aud will give them transportation. They hare now only enough men at work to keep the mines from going to ruin. This is simply an example of what will follow the road. The section through which it passes is very rich in minetals, woods and heavy freights that are practically locked up now for the lack of means to carry .hem out." Colonel Pulsifer—and by the wav he has enough interest in Georgia now to entitle him to the appel lation of colonel—is very much interested in the material growth of the south, and has the fullest Bill Arp to The Constitution. I’m not afraid of small-pox myself for it's rota disease that has a fancy for old folks. It lets them alone because they have no beauty to spoil an ji be cause old Father Time will cut ’em down anyhow before long. Small-pox had rather feed on livelier blood and smoother flesh, and that's why the young folks have such a horror of it, especially good look ing young ladies, and even married ones who sometimes entertain a fleeting thougnt that possibly she might be left a lone widow some of these Jays, and a widow with a pock -marked faek would be in appropriate. There is a tramp some four miles from here penned up iu. a pest horse, and my folks kept dingdonging about it until I got some bovine or vaccine, or whatever you call it, and sharpened up the buadiug blade of my pruning knife, aud went to.work on ’em from the oldest to the youngest. It was a terrible operation—scraping the flesh down to the bloody quick, und some of ’em had like to have fainted just for the fun of it—and now you see what a fix I am in, for nobody can do anything but me, their arms are so sore, and you can’t touch ’em with a feather but what it’s “Oh, my vaccinate —don’t touch, my vaccinate,” and so I have to bring all the wood and water and make the fires and do the cooking, and I begin to perceive what a mistake it was to disable ’em all at one time. When they convalesce I’m going to vaccinate myself in both arms and both legs and lie up for a month to get even. Bat I’m sorry for that poor tramp. He took the disease away down on a railroad in Alabama and took the track for home, and they got after him all along the line, but he kept a moving, for it isent many folks will take hold of that sort of a feller, and so he goT to Rome, and they sent a police after him, but the police could not get in seeing distance, aud the tramp kissed his hand at ’em and walked on, und then the Kingston folks made out they wanted him, but they dident bad, and so by the time he was wore out aud tired out he sorter put on the brakes at Cartersville and we eotched him, - He was making for Atlanta, where he come from, and if you folks went a first-class len- satlou just say so and we will turn him loose. We have been moving old fences and cleaning up'he hedge rows, and 1 thought it would be fine *6 go aheud of the briar cutters wi tit a little fire, and the first thing X knew it took after some broomsage fend ? ;rass and leaves and got into the woods, a:Id I o tght it with pine tops until the smokc nearly nut my eyes out, and while I bee ted it off at one place it headed me off at another and at the last I had to holler for help and it took all bauds to stop it, aud wh :n I got home 1 was so smutty and sweatty and played- out they didn't recognize me aud wanted to know where 1 come from and who 1 belonged to. There was some old logs In the fence row that I wanted to roll into a gully aud 1 prized at one with a nil - for an hour trying to get it out of its bed, when one of the darkies came along with his mule aud a glow and he put his mule on one side and his plow ou the other and moved ’em all in five, minutes without a bit ol trouble. But I’m a learning and 1 don't care who I learn from. ' I’ve never seen anybody yet that diden’t know some things that I Uiden’t, and there is many an old farmer wl:o knows things lliat wise men like oro- fessors in colleges don’t. T hey learn from observa tion and experience. Some folks go through a long life and observe little or nothing, and most of the boys never stop to think but learn all they knew from book!-. Nature Is tits next study, btjlaiuir was a close out .hut the ways laid her ejp hoys anew that' back to him, but a cow eats ou’tv.'ard frith her because she has no fronlgecth in her upper jaw aud has to gum it. Homey know that some kinds of suakes lay eggs and some don’t, but give birth to their young. Bo they know that a cane gets its full growth in a year, whether it is large or small, aud the limb of a tree never gets any Higher from the ground, no matter how high the tree grows. The boys have seen many a whito horse, but did they ever see a white colt? Bo they know how old the twig is that bears the peaches, and how old the vine that has the grapes hung on to it? Bo they know that a hop vine winds with the course of the sun, but a beau vine always winds theothcr way? What timber will bear the most weight: what is the most elastic: what will last longest in water and what out of water; what is the best time to cut down trees for fire wood, how many kinds of oaks cau you count up that grow in this region and what ar ethey specially good for; how does a bird fly without moving a feather or flapping a wing; how does a snake climb a tree or a brick wall; what is the difference between a deer’s track and a hog’s track, and how often does a buck shed his horns and what becomes of them; which ought to he fhelargest, the throat of a chimney or the funnel, and ought it to be wider at the top or draw iu. Books are a wonderful help, but a man ought not to be satisfied to go through life and be always on the borrow from other peo ple’s brains. lie ought to find out some things him self, and leave a little to posterity iu payment for all that he has learned from others. I was down in the piney woods not long ago and saw thousands of little salamander hills alongside the road, and asked a good many people about them, but nobody 1 asked had over seen one or knew anything about them except one man, and he said they were like a large rat with a short tail and had a pouch or pocket on each side the neck to carry roots and bugs and nuts in. I thought that every boy in that country would have dug after them just for sport, like we used to dig after a mole or a bumble bee’s nest. But there are bigger things for boys now a days. I reckon. Tney don’t seem to have near as much time as we used to—time to play bull-pen and cat and town-ball and shinny and go a seining and coon hunting and set traps aud coops for partridges and break the eoltsand mix up a good deal of work with a little study besides. A boy is a young gentle man about five years sooner than he used to be, and I think the legislature ought to change the law nnd set ’em free and let ’em vole at sixteen instead of twenty-one. Well, the. do let ’em work the roads at sixeten. and that is about the only playing they do generally, whieh is all right, 1 reckon. • Bill Ap.p. in Hopkins county. Texas, and walked to Ozark in Arkansas. W e then took the railroad and tramped the cross ties to Little Koek. This was about two hundred miles. From Little Rock we walked to Siemphis on the Memphis and Little Rock railroad, and such walking. Why Potts was no where. We counted ties for one hundred aud Ihirtv-five miles. Sometimes we were on trestle ’work fifty aad one hundred feet high. And then we got water bound just the other side of Memphis. From Memphis we took the Memphis and Charles ton road and w-tlked into Chattanooga., a distance of 3J2 miles. This road had just been covered with small stones and the walking was awful, but we were used to hard treatmeut by that lime und got over it all right. At Chrituuooga we took the Western and Atlantic railroad bed aad walked to Dalton, where a conductor took us up and gave us the first and only ride we had on the trip.’ We rode with him to Marietta and then walked in to Atlanta. We are now going home.” “What are you going to do then?” asked the scribe after Mrs- Martin had finished her recital. “Stay; I’ll never leave Georgia again. In fact, I don’t intend to go so far from my house that I can’t get bark before dark. Why, see here, stranger, last December we went to Texas We had $100 in cash and rode. Now we are dead broke and have to walk Don’t you think we had better stay at home?” Just then the conductor shouted all aboard, and the lead-sliuger skipped. ‘NEAR CARTERSVILLE. Reply of Dr. Felton to Ex.Govcrnor Smith. Neap. Cartersville, Ga., February 25th, 18S2.— Editors Constitution; When I read GovernorSmith’s rejoiuder in your columns it exeited my profound commiseration and sympathy for him. It is humil iating to every citizen of the state to see a former executive and the chairman of the railroad com mission unable or unwilling to defend his official Integrity against charges tnat were well defined, positive and unequivocal. If explanation had oecn S tssible, it was eminently due to the people of eorgin that he should establish beyond dispute his reputation for justice, fairness and Impartiality. Having attacked me without provocation, he thereby challenged me to investigate his own offi cial and political record, and he has had abundant opportunity to establish his innocence or palliate his errors, if it had been possible. Instead of refu tation or explanation, he evades every i_mie, and ■by a most unnatural silence lie stands confessed to the world as guilty of every charge I brought against him. I respectfully assert that it is unbecoming in me to bandy words with a mau who holds his official integrity so cheap as to refuse to defend it. Certain offenses in law, after conviclioii therefor, incapaci tate the offender for citizeuship. A man who deals only in abuse and is unable to vindicate himself, is not an opponent to be re spected. Until Governor Smith can meet the oaen issue between us, I decline any further controversy with him on any subject. Whenever he can meet the issue and reinstate himself as a worthy opponent, I hold myself ready to answer everything he can charge against my official or political record. In sorrow for the tarnished honor of mv state, more titan in anger for the unprovoked attack upon mv character, 1 decline to notice the abuse in'his last reply. Thanking you for the space you have given me, I respectfully suspend this wordy controversy. Very respectfully yourobedient servant, William H. Felton. A FEARFUL CALAMITY. A Williamsport Lady Lose* Iler Life In au Effort to Save tier Daughter. WiLLiAMsi’oitT, February 24.—A terrible coal oil accident occurred in this city last evening'about lialf-past nine o’clock, through which Mrs. Jacob J. Walters lost her life. Mrs. Walters and her daughter were sitting at a table near a lamp, when the oil took fire. The daughter, in attempting to throw the lamp out into the yard, caused her clothing to become ignited, when the mother in !■'.tempting to extinguish the flames also be ante enveloped and before assistance arrived when death came to her relief, she being con scious almost to the last minute. The only part of her person that escaped the flames were her feet and a portion of her face. Both ears were burned to crisp. The daughter’s life was saved through the exertions of her mother, her injuries not being of a nature, sufficient to cause death. She is badly burned on the side and about tbe breast. Mrs. Walters was thirty-six years of age and leaves a husband and three children to mourn her terrible death. The Rope for Gultcuu. SL Louis Globe-Democrat. The cap, which Is of the finest material, was made especially for Guiteau by Gumbert. ’Uie rope, whieh is three-fourths of an inch in diameter and of the best workmanship, was made by Bob Humphreys, having for its special object the en circling of Guiteatrs neck. Bob has made all the ropes that have ushered out of existence all St. Louis’ murderers in the last decade. REGULAR MOURNERS. A PECULIAR CHARACTERISTIC KENSINGTON FUNERALS. The Persons who Endeavor to Gain Rides to tho Cemeteries, Although They are Unacquainted with the Borrowing Family—Fainter* nnd Flower-Pet Carriers. Etc. SPARKS OF SCIENCE. wuu.u ..i.v. o- confidence in the investments he has made. The •which the stock would be fed from tho cotton seed I Herald is unquestionably the most powerful paper meal of the mill, and fertilize the lind. One Indus- ’ In New England. Its proprietors are cautious, con- try would depend on the other, and all would I serratiTe business men, and the enterprise that mean independence and prosperity." | they have shown in putting largo investments in “What of the cost of the cotton seed mill?" ' the south, aud In giving it proper credit in their “It is my imprcsrioB that we shall very soon so* columns, will hare great Influente. MRS. POTTS’S DUPLICATE. A Lady and Her Husband Walk from Texas to At lanta. Just before the West Poiut train left the city last night, Officer Porter, of the car shed department, upproached a Constitution representative and said: "In the West Point coach you will find a man and woman who have walked all the way from Texas. Their home Is at Palmetto, aud they are now anx iously awaiting the departure of the train that shall soon land them among their old friends.” 1 he statement caused Madam Potts's memorab.e tramp to recur io the scribe’s mind,and in a second he was searching the coach for the woman who had muscle enough to attempt to rival the greatest female pedestrian of mod ern times. Sitting near the rear end of the coach the reporter's eye detected a couple bending over a stove nursing the heat. A glance at them was euough to confirm his suspicion. Their clothing was worn and soiled, and their faces and hands gave evidence of exposure to the weather. The mau was a large individual of about fifty years of age. while the woman, who seemed to be about thirty,was considerably smaller. After satisfying himself that there were no others in the coach who possibly could have performed the ar duous task of counting thecross-ties between Texas and Georgia, the reporter approached them and said: "Come from Texas?” “Yes,” responded the htdy. ’ “What's your name?” “Martin, John L. Martin.” replied the man. "Where are you going?” asked the cedar shaver. “To Palmetto, our old home,” responded Mrs. Martin. “How did you like Texas? ’ “Not at all,” said Martin while his wife chimed in, “Oh, Texas is the hatefullest country in the world. They don’t have anything but greasers and tarantulas out there." “When did you leave Texas?” “Seven weeks ago. “And been traveling all ttistime? I thought you could go to TexasYn two or three days,” said the pencil pusher, affectiug surprise. “So vou can if you ride,” replied Mr. Martin. “Weil, didn't you ride?” asked the reporter. “Not a step until we got inside of Georgia,” was Mrs. Martins answer. “And you walked from Texas. That’s a good tramp.” "Yes, we walked. We started at Sulphur Springs, It is said sulphur and lard, when touched here and there, keep rabbits from injuring trees. Olive oil may oe tested by its odor when heated in a test tube, the odor of pure olive oil being rather agreeable, aad that oi oils substituted for it disagreeable. It is stated that the results of recent geolog ical explorations made ill Russia by official direc tion show the existence iu thatempire of phosphate deposits sufficiently extensive to Eupplv the wants of Europe for an indefinite period. Few people know that in bad seasons Soney is apt to be poisonous, This arises from the fact that in such seasons the bees are often obliged to gather it from poisonous flowers. Great cate should be taken to remove all poisonous plants from the neighborhood of the hives. Eight silver vases have been found in a tomb in Sweeden. aud have been bought by the Stockholm museum. Four date from the four teenth century, one is accredited with the twelfth century, aud the other three are older sdll. All bear quaint designs and have a runic inscription. The ancients slaughtered those taken in war. The first step towards civilization was en slaving the captives; that may be said to have been the origin of the employment of labor in manufac tures. The second step was exchanging prisoners of war, and that was the origin of international commerce. A great blast, which has been preparing for nearly a year at the limestone quarry of the Glen- don iron company, near Easton, Pa., was fired re cently. Four tunnels, each 50 feet long, were run into the hillside, and at their end two chambers were built at right angles, each 8 feet long. Ten tons of powder were used, and upon igniting the charges 40,000 tons of rock were dislodged. Les Mondes reports that M. Uufourcet has in the exposed court of his house two bars of iron planted in the earth, to each of which is fixed a conductor of coated wire terminating iu a telepho nic receiver. He consults the apparatus twice or thrice every dav, aud it never fails through its in- Philadelphia Press. Madame, you must get out of this car riage—it is intended only for the friends and relatives of the family. I never permit ‘reg ulars’ to attend funerals when I am in •barge.” The speaker was a well-known up-town undertaker, who stood beside a carriage in Kensington yesterday and spoke to come one inside the vehicle. A streamer of black crape fluttering from the door-bell of a neat three-story dwelling nearby aud a long line of carriages, preceded by a hearse, told that a funeral was in progress. The first, second and third carriages had been filled with the near relatives of the deceased, and as the fourth vehicle drove up a woman, dressed in shabby black and with her face closely veiled, come down the steps of the house of mourning, and opening the carriage door herself, got in and sank back to the far thest corner. The action, quick as it was, did not escape the eye of the solemn-faced man standing ou the steps of the dwelling. Quietly advancing to the curb-stone, and in a voice just loud enough to be heard by the person for whom it was iutended, he spoke. Without a word the unwelcome occupant alighted, drew her rusty black shawl more closely about her shoulders and walked slowly up the street. “That is an annoyance peculiar to Phila delphia,” said the undertaker to a Press re porter who happened to be a witness of the episode, “and is probably more of an institu tion in Kensington than in any other section of the city. The American custom, of expos ing the dead to the gaze of the general public, which has been in vogue for more than half a century, has naturally led to abuses, of which this is one of the most marked. I refer to the attendance of persons at funerals who have no possible interest in the deceased, nor connected by the most remote tie of blood or marriage. Not only do they mingle their tears with those of the mourners, but they actually force themselves into the carriages and ride to the cemetery, there to witness the final scene with apparently as much emotion’as the nearest and dearest relatives.” “regulars” and “painters.” “There are very few funerals taking place' north of Girard avenue aud cast of Fourth street,” continued the speaker, as he closed the door of another cab, “where you will not find what we term 'regulars.’ They are an evil tolerated simply because the solemnity of the occasion prevents such measures being taken as would prevent a repetition of the annoyance. The ‘fainter,’ to use another trade phrase, is a similar nuisance, but not seen as frequently as her more ubiquitous sister. The 'fainter’ swoons suddenly while looking at the corpse, and is only revived by copious draughts of brandy. She usually picks out a soft chair to fall upon, and is quite expert at assuming a graceful position. The precise object of the ‘fainter’ I have never thoroughly understood. Whether to gain sympathy, or whisky, to display an attitude, is a 'ques tion. Of the two characters, however, the ‘regular’ is the most familiar and the most audacious. At an ordinarily huge funeral, say of twenty or more carriages, she is seen most frequently. The body is laid out in the E arlor as a general tiling, sometimes a day efore the funeral, and is there viewed by the relatives and friends. The neighbors usually testify the : r esteem for tbe deceased by calling at the house, although they may not be ac quainted with tiie family. In many cases this visit is expected, and it i3 looked upon as a slight if it is not made. English people, however, show a decided aversion to having any one gaze on their dead, except those very near to them, but- custom is so arbitrary that the residents of any neighborhood, and especially in this section of the city, would feel insulted, if they were not al lowed to take the last look. As I said before, one of the outgrowths of this custom is the regular funeral-goer. She reads, be sides her weekly story paper of seusational trasii, the marriages and deaths in the Ledger. She notes carefully all the funerals that are to take place within a reasonable distance of her home, and appears to have an especial weak ness for interments at the Painter street bury ing ground. If two funerals occur in the same day, one in the morning and one in the afternoon, the ‘regular’ is delighted and makes a stren uous. eflort to attend both. She dresses herself early in the morning, and provided with a large* handkerchief, she repairs to the house of death. The first thing the “regular” does is to make a mental estimate as to wheth er the crape on the door belongs to the under taker or to the family; to speculate as to whether the coffin handles are solid silver or plated; to take an inventory of the furniture, the carpets and the probable cost of the cof- of ‘regulars,’ who strive only to get a ride to a grave, and 'where their own people arc buried. These worthies always betray themselves by carry ing. a flower-pot, which they vainly try to conceal in their shawls. The pot'con tains flowers to be planted on the graves of their own dead.” FLOWER rOT REGULARS. “The flower-pot regulars make a regular picnic out of tiie oeeasiou. They take their sewing and lunch. An old tombstone forms a table if tbe weather is line, and seated on tiie grass, the cronies gossip and sew to their heart’s content. On a clear day in tho spring time, I have seen no less than twenty of these scandalmongers waiting at the Palmer strogt ground for a funeral to enter, which they follow like carrion crows in search of horse meat.” The suggestive, but rather inelegant, simile was interrupted by a young man who called the undertaker’s attention to a woman as cending the steps, and crowding her way be tween the persons coming out of the house. Site was prevented from going any further by the undertaker whispering something in her ear. “That woman,” said he, resuming his posi tion at the curb-stone, “has been going to funerals for twenty years, to my certain knowledge. It’ she fails to get a ride site is content to watch the house while the family is absent. Site takes occasion to go all over the house and examine everything. I don’t think the woman is dishonest. She is a gen uine female Paul Pry, umbrella and all. Now, then, you know all about the Kensing ton Regulars,” continued the voluble under taker, as lie slammed to tiie door of the last carriage and mounted tiie box with the driver, "and I only hope that 1 may be called on some day to bury the whole tribo in the same grave.” “MARGARET’S” LEGACY. fin. MAXING AN INVENTORY. “She examines the quality of the shroud, and passes judgment on the profusion or pov erty of the tioral offers. Then she makes a critical survey of the mourning worn by the grief-stricken relatives, and is usually able to tell whether it is owned or borrowed, and if the latter, it becomes almost a duty to find out who the owner is, and how often the crape has done duty on similar occasious. With an experienced ‘regular’ this is an easy matter, and these points once settled to her satisfaction, she opens the floodgates of her ever-ready grief. She looks on the face of the dead and weeps. She snivels and sobs, aud says, ‘How natural! How very natural! Poor, dear man; he just looks as if he was asleep,’ and then usually turning to some one near, she offers consolation by re marking that ‘it is the prettiest corpse ever I see’d in my life. So peaceful and life like.’ It makes not a wit of difference whether the dead man or woman is wasted to skin and bone from a lingering disease or not, to the ‘regular’ the corpse is always ‘so natural.’ She sways to aud fro, and exhibits all the symptoms of grief, and sobs audibly as the clergyman pronounces a eulogy on the noble qualities of the deceased, who might have been in life a grinding skinflint, or consum mate rogue. As the coffin lid is fastened on the 'regular 1 dries her tears, aud prepares to execute a flank movement on the undertaker. Her plan is usually to get into a carriage the minute it stops in front of the door as that woman did a moment ago. Rather than have a disturbance many under takers permit this, and the ‘regular 1 accom plishes her principal object, which is to get a ride to the cemetery. She has a melancholy mania for getting as close to the grave as possible and crying fond enough to attract proaeh of a storm twelve to fifteen hours before actually arrives. It is discovered that perfumes exert a healthy influence on the atmosphere, converting its oxogen into ozone. Cherry, laurel, clover, lav ender, mint, juniper, fennel and bergamot develop the largest quantity of ozone Flowers without perfume do uot develop it, but the flowers of nar cissus, mignonette, heliotrope and lhy of the valley develop it in close vessels. Odorous flowers, culti vated lu marshy places, would be valuable in puri fying the air. The interior department at Washington has decided that Lombardy poplar, balm and cotton wood are not timber in the meaning of the law re lating to tree-planting. The Olympia (W. T.) Trans cript states that a petition is now in circulation in Eastern Washington to get the decision amended so as to include these trees in the list of those law ful to plant. Many have set out Lombardy poplar In good faith, thinking that it was in compliance with the law, and they are now in danger of losing their claims.—Northwestern Lumberman. The narrowest part of Behring’s Strait is thirty six miles wide, with a depth of thirty or forty fathoms, but is obstructed by three small islands in the middle of the channeL After the experience already gained by our engineers, the removal of those islauds, aud perhaps of the rocks and reefs along the shore which offer most impediment to the current, would be a task of no very great diffi culty, and considering the advantage which Pro- , _ „ fessor 8haler thinks would be derived from it, not I general attention. Then she goes home in of extravagant cost. This artificial channel, it is j t j ie street cars and hurries off to another iaid, would lot enough of the Japanese current * » • ■» through to melt theiee of the Polar seas, and re- foneral where the same programme is repeat- claim a vast empire for civilization. fid. very often we encounter on other class A Woman Who Never Wore a Silk llat or a Kid Glove. Cincinnati Commercial. The most remarkable funeral probably ever witnessed in New Orleans took place there on Saturday, February 11. It was the occasion of the burial of Mrs. Margaret Haughery, “a woman who never wore a silk hat or a kid glove.” But no woman in the whole south was better known titan site. The announce ment in the New Orleans papers of her death and burial arc headed simply “Margaret,” yet every inhabitant of that locality and every river man on the lower Mississippi knew who was meant. Margaret’s pall-bearers were the governor of Louisiana, ex-Govcrnor Nicholls, the mayor of New Orleans, the editor of the Picayune, representing the press of the city, and some of the most prominent merchants and bank ers of New Orleans. Among those who gath ered to do her honor were Generals Beaure gard, Ogden and Meyer, and others of the most distinguished men of Louisiana. The funeral was attended by a concourse of peo ple that could scarcely be numbered they were so many. The archbishop of tiie dio cese conducted the services. Following the carriage of the pall-bearcrs were the children of eleven orphan asylums, white and colored, Catholic and Protestant. These belonged to the city and immediate vi cinity. Following them were representatives of other asylumns and public charities, who had come to add their blessings and respect, to the memory of Margaret. From the church* to the cemetery, wher* they buried her, tiie streets and sidewalks were thronged with mourners, men, women and children. |n the procession were the members of one ot the city fire companies, in citizens’ dress, the Mississippi No. 2. Tiie dead woman had been an honorary member of this company. Wherever the cortege passed along the streets, at its approach nten stopped their hur ried walk and stood with uncevcred £heads till it passed, as though -this had been the burial of a king, or a person of world-wide renown. At the church the Howard associa tion of the city, with its Dresident at the head, joined the procession formally and followed it to the grave. A noteworthy and touching incident oceured on the way to the cemetery. The cortege passed the New Orleans stock ex change at noon, just after the members had aszembled, and the call was progressing. On the instant the members suspended proceed ings, left their room and came down to the sidewalk. They stood there reverently, with bared brows, till the remains of Margaret had passed by. This was a name which had power to still for a time even the Babel 'cries of trade. Who was she? A plain, humble wo man who had been good to tho little children of tiie poor. Her history, as told by the steamboatman, is an unusual and romantic one. Years and years ago, it is said, site was a woman Catholic sister of charity. During her benevolent ministrations she attended through his last illness a gentleman who became much inter-, ested in her and iter work. There seems a discrepancy in the account here, but tiie story is the gentleman proposed that Margaret honld marry him on his deatl.-bed so that she could inherit his estate. At any rate the marriage took place, and she was left a widow in possession of a small property. It was then that the work of iter life began. Tiie business of a certain restaurant and bake-shop along the river front had fallen into decay. Mrs. Haughery bought this and estab lished a cheap eating house for steamboat la borers. She thought by means of furnishing them wholesome food at a trifle to lure them away from drinking dens. As one acquainted witli the plan said; “Site gave them a roll and a cup of coffee for 5 cents, to keep them from spending a quarter for whisky, and they took the roll and coffee and then spent 20 cents for whisky all the same.” • She worked very hard with her hands her self, for she was only an humble, uneducated woman. But under the labors of these hard hands, her business prospered mightily. She had a shrewd head, and in time might hare become one of tiie richest women in New Or leans, had she chosen to amass wealth. But she used her money for good, as soon as she got it. Fast as it cante in, even so freely it flowed out for the good of little children. She founded and supported three orphan asylums. The money she left maintains them still, and will continue to do so long after the brave hands that earned tbe wealth have turned to dust. One of her beioved orphans became her adopted son and finally her partner in business. Her work will still go on, just where she laid it down, and money will still flow from it to the numberless noble charities she established or aided. The same papers that notice her funeral, contain the an nouncement that the business of the firm of “Margaret Haughery & Co. ’ will not he sus pended by her death, but will continue as heretofore. No estimate seents ot have been made of the amount of her aid to orphan asylums and other charities, but it appears to have mount ed up into tiie hundred thousands, all made by her own work. Although a Roman Cath olic, she made no theological discriminations when she helped the unfortunate. The little ones of the Protestant orphans’ home, as well as Catholic, followed her honored remains to the grave. One account says; “The ladies of every denomination assem bled by thousands, thus proving that rarely, if ever, was such a general outpouring of re spect and true sorrow evinced in any commu nity at the death of a humble individual, as was shown on Saturday.” No more beautiful, touching story of a plain working woman’s life has ever been told than this. O' /-j A .1 '