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8
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA, GA-, TUESDAY JANUARY 12 1886 =
SUCCESSFUL FARMERS.
MEM WHO TICKLE THE SOIL FOR
WEALTH.
A aM4 aw®» »« W>. «m «u» »MI-
UMtuoniif. rare*mm
pin •» t*. MM EM* >J MVmt
BUcreilan-Malma Ow. »HW
nmn Thai nr* 1'nxparwu and U*Pl>y.
Pparta. (In .’inmi; 4,198#.—In 1890 Han
cock county wot filled with proaperooifarmen.
Thera were no liana and mortgages. Smoke-
honaea and criba were full. On any farm at
any aeaaon a ham and leg of mutton, a roaat of
beat poultry, tip, milk, could be had for din
net. At ebureh Meetings the flnaat of homes
were to be found, fat Uothaaa and Derona
prosed oa erery hill. A gray-haired man of
these times said: “If bearcat, as good a piece
at aid Hancock vn. bodore the war 1 want to
get than." Hoot of that I. changed. It la now
tenant and part of tbo crop. It ia Ilona and
mortgage. The n eg roc* were tickled with thii.
To- bin for wage* wae to perpetuate alarery
The farmers who proteated were forced into
tbo system. Cotton wa. king and Co Bee waa
hit profit. Ruin camo to the former fair land.
The few farmers who adhered lo the old sys
tem hare eared the country. Romo of these
farmers I will note below:
These gentlemen whom wo instance resldo
in widely separated portions of tbo oounty—
thcr lands embracing nil the (liferent mils,
from the it if red clay to the white sand
lands. Such a sameness in their gunoral mode
of pitching, cultivating and routing crops ex
ist* aa to write of the mecem of one ia but to
describe the fnrtunee of all the rest. Though
suceeaafnl, however great their dlrergence to
or from the all-cotton system, all things being
equal, the reautU of each individual effort, or
that of ail coml'iucd da beyond eaval (ho f<ct
that the most complete success ia achlovod
through the policy of producing all homo sup
plies and cotton as simply the surplus crop.
Mr. John lory, of humble but
worthy parentage—denied any part of
an education, grew up as it were be
tween the plow hentUee. When ho returned
from the confederate service In IHIKi, ho was
not the possessor of one dollar. For alx or
seven years he hired for wage* and worked on
nartaenffilp and accumulated $1,000 to #2,000.
He bought a plantation, and alter providing
stock and outdt for a four-borso farm was
in debt for over half the valuo of bis
place. He wisely incurred an additional
expeaae In preparation fur housekeeping—
doubling his stock of energy and economy, If
adding nothing to his cash capital, by marry
ing his wife. Thus equipped and spurrod by
the biggest and only debt of his life, he began
' ‘ He
! corn
, thitton
that brought the mosey; hut
he reasoned If he hod to pay out his cotton
money for bone feed, broad and meat-
nod betides every end all expenae,tbero would
bo none left. All Ibut waa to be as ten could
lie mired upon the place. With this convic
tion his Ant crop was pitched with reference
to a foil home supply, and then all the cotton
he could possibly produce. The result of the
year’s labor wae highly aatislkctory. Tbo tm-
roatrleted liberty which an adequate supply of
provisions in store permitted him to can eel
obligation, with the procoeda of the cotton
rrup, fully settled his conviction of the wisdom
of the policy sCpoled. Preparations at each
successive reason, aud at odd times, were be
ing constantly pressed to enlarge and extend
the policy at demands Increased'
by way ul fc.uclng, clearing fresh and
:eated lands, increasing pasturages, giving
stock fttll betielt of harrow and pea fields
each in their season, and not depriving him
self the benefit of such pasturage by planting
all crops in anuiu Held. Expensne* of a few! I
years on this line led Mr. Iiary to adopt this
general policy. The land aown to grain and
planted In corn and peas should preponderate
that planted in cotton. For Instance, apart
ftom croppers and ranters, ho rattan four
horse wages faint. To each homo ho plauta from
twelve to filtci n acres in corn ami sows as
ninny in grain—averaging at least thirty acres
to the horse—aa often thirty-live. To each
betas he planla twenty- tire acre* in cotton —
never lean. A full potato crop always provided
for. Thu* he hat from flfly-tvo to sixty seres
to tho hone. Aa strict personal attention ia
g vsn to stock, aa to the cleaning corn and cot-
n of gram and weeds, and horses and mules
fkt ana sleek are able to do a full day’s work
tho year through. For tho twelvo or fourteen
yean thus fanning he given, Including good
and had season a, a general average of oats per
acra fifteen to twenty-flv* bushels, oora twelve
and a half to twenty bushels and from ton to
fifteen h*lrs cotton lodhe plow. Tho surplusoorn
bacon and lard sold yearly adds to the already
net cotton surplus. Diversifying and alterna
ting crops systematically enhances instead of-
exhausting tie fertility of his lands.
Tt stun up; His plantation of 1,M0 acres
could not be bought for Icon than $111,000. La
menting the lack of education, but not refin
ing, with nothing but native pluck and energy
to rater the straggle of life, discarding all
was fond of fat stock, onst plenty of geode
and fodder would make ana keep men. CMI
waa the cron that brought tbs money;
I if he hud to pay out his cotton
mosey getting, Mr. Lary delved from the
greoad oa lb* plain line of "hog and hominy,’’
the respectable route of (IfLOOU to $18,000, and
today, nee from liens and mortgagu, la tho
Independent possessor of hia uwn estate.
lie. Hatuurl Lary. a brother of
thn former gentleman, under circumstances
similar In detail, with the excep
tion of raising a largs family,and pnrsulag tho
aclf-ssinmrting system of “hog and hominy,"
has been equally if not more suoroaaftil. While
cotton waa ootuuuuidlng good prlcro he gavs
prominence to small grain crops. For several
yeaia be gave attention to sheep husbandry—
utilising bennuda fields that had been aban
doned — and not till ho found,
he coaid morn profitably plant
lo laid crepe, thereby lessening range for aheep
did ho rahatilute them with raising ctll*. The
pleasant and profit of raising 1m eolta without
diminishing atepla Held crops nor th* hog
crop, waa no ineoaaiderabla feature in tho ag
gregate of a wironaftil form life A* cotton
declined, stilt greater precedence waa given to
the grain crape, and Inconsistent at It may ap
pear, without diminishing the cotton crop. To
aumnpa little, there wa* mem com, aura
wheat and eats, mace haeoa—Jaat aa ranch or
more cotton at leas coat, and net* Hen or mort
gage. By th* simple Uw of accretion year by
year, Mr. lary applying himself to diversified
forming on old lands wall worn. Is tha easy
r of the sung little cetate of $I3JN0 to
ny *
•skffi
spractferoof homo _
forcing order and system in all that was done,
keeping a place for everything and everything
in iu puce. With a fair education and drilled
in Urn onlrr <ha’ disciplined the old borne, he
retained flam the war an heir of forty acres of
poor land, without “the mule.” More am
bitions of arrumuUliug than hia father, ho
obtained advances at the then prevailing rates
of twenty to iwrcty-tive per cent to launch
out into agriculture. Though cotton com
manded fabulous prices, the experience of
two or three yesra convinced him the debit
aide of hie account kept well apace with the
credit, and rnisht at any time tern the crate*
against him. IK- here called a halt, about
faced, determined to make haite slowly, to live
from hia own eat, kvhouse and corn crib, and
wall for sack things as were not absolutely in-
dispensable till he reuld pay cash for them.
Frxaa theno* ho, «nttnucd to enlarge and de
velop this plan, 11,creased acreage in wheal,
oota and corn, t> cured ample home supplies of
thehant quality, and the uet cotton surplus left
for MW iuvsstii'rnt. Incident to the poa.
session of hornett.|.p!Ico, the ability to com
mand labor on u,-t advantageous terms, se
cured more there ugh cultivation and mom
remunerative ere i-v With fairaeaaona, twenty
bushels of corn | • t acre and fifteen lialea of
rot tea to the pi. » with grain In prepoetlao. U
no aawnal crop. From mo auspicious begio-
ning, Mr. Btyscld*, by applying himself
strictly to fora.tr,; tu th* lino of "hog and
' "—“ Lav wrought for lumaalf
aa asa of prosperity, , ncoanralated
a hand toco rotate .,f $19,000 or #20.000 aad
Is one of the easy bondholders of the oonnty-
Mr. Ed E. Founds, a young
man of fair education aad gtnsral
intelligence, eoon after th* close of the
war began farming on hi* own account, and at
tbo footof the bill. Endowed with a will of
hia own, ambitions ofaelf Independence and
impressed with th* conviction hia Maker had
heat fitted Mm for agricultural life, folthtally
accepted bis mlmion, cautiously heeding thn
maxim “that baste nAea makes waste.” Pore
scared with the truth of tha old adage,
‘There’s aa much In the man as In the land,’’
and a purpose to make the beat of opportunity
as it ottered, ho aecnrod a plantation of throe
or four hundred aersa, poor at th* vary bate.
H la plans were annually made with reference
to means in band, and tha frail* of hia laker
carefully husbanded. He somewhat singu
larly profaned doing hia own work, and wait
ing patiently for aura results to hiring freed
labor encountering the annoyances or over
seeing—work half done, and aoon with the
questionable chances of more rapid acenmoU-
dona In due time, with a amatf son to help
along the plowing, the wife and daughters tarn-
lug the waste of the kitchen and orchard
Into pork, and helping on the lighter work of
the former, increasing barns and a larger
unokehouae, a note spacious and comfortable
dwelling and surroundings gave evidence of a
cheerful and thrifty home. A few acno are,
planted In cotton, but each aero la expected to
make its lisle. Renton such a* can supply
themselves add their rentals to the surplua
cotton income. To this la added the highest -
cash prices for surplus seed wheat, oats, corn,
fodder and liaron. Hogs are raised at tho nom
inal coat of gathering for themselves
tho Waste of the grain Bolds, pea fields and
the potato patch, eorghntn seed and short
corn mifficing to tide them tbrongh the two or
three winter months requiring teed. Nearly
every business trip to town la made a trip to
market extra butter, chickens, egga, a pig for
roaat or farm or garden produet. In one year,
from this farms these little sums from this im
mediate source over aud above home want*
have aggregated some $200. This method may
be slow in the matter of accumulating a for
tune, but tho quiet and tho peace attending
Mtrh labor, tho liberty one basin hia own
time, freedom from tbc embarrassment of liens
and mortgage* and a conscious sonso of depen
dence. full barns ami smiling fields, the
inevitable outgrowth of a farm sustained by a
discreet method of diversified crops, contrasts
most happily, to say tho least of it, with a farm
•leveled almost exclusively to king cotton with
her attendant lions, and lean stock. So Mr.
Good Times In Mltrhrll Connty, Oa.
Camilla, January 4.—[Special Correspond
ence.]—Yuura of some days ago came dtily to
hsml, and 1 have to say in excuse for my
delay that professional engagements
have been Inpart tno cause. To begin,
I will write first: W. L. Bennett, of this coun
ty, Isa native of North Carolina, Horn whence
he moved to Arkansas and settled on the rich
land of the Arkanaw river, where he lived
for fifteen years overseeing and farming for
himaelf. Fifteen yean ago he came to this
county, and settled four mites treat of Camilla.
He bought a plantation already improved par
tially, for which ho paid cash $7,GOO, leaving
in bis bands money eitough to stock, purchase
sapplira for tho year, w that ha paid cash for
the years’ txpease■. llo has oniarged his
forming operations on the place purchased to
doublelti original capacity, having now about
a ten or twelve hone term. He Has wld corn
and ante every year since he came here after
tho first year, lie hw never foiled to raise
m»L syrnp, potatoes, and In addition to earn
sad onto, to supply the “hoauptece.” Ha has
bought and paid cosh for some fifteen hundred
seres of land, adjoining end In the set
tlement of llomcplaee, of the samo grade and
character, being of pine growth, level
and of samly soil, which cost him
14,300, In sddition to the money paid fot im
proving said purchased place*, having tenant*
on some of them. He hu also paid for pur
chases made in Florid* in the vray of orange
interest tunic $0,000, which has begun the pres
ent year to bring In on income. U* has the
S resent year’s crop on hand, and owe* not *
ellnr. Ho con sell tho present year and ca
nning spring, outside of cotton crop, some five
or six hundred dolten' wutth of produeo at
low prices. Ho liss very much improved the
original place. He has a Lcfontc pear orchard
of six seres now beginning to hear fruit, and
promises to he s soan-o of income. He pays
special attention to gardening both in foil
and tpring. He hiss hearing mulberry orchard
of three acres, which Is now convenient and
becoming more profitable. He lspaylagaome
attention to raising colls, having several very
and Ibrn cultivates mostly with swoops and
gophers. Hia land is constantly improving
front proper nilturr, compost, heap*, rotation
and uoversifled forming, etc. Hu motto is
provisions in plenty and to spare, after which
all the cotton he can make, and thus you per-
celvo has doubled his worth hora, in
the same timo be lived in Arkansas.
I. M. Keaton, a native of this county, liven
tenor eleven mile* west of Camilla, bis
plsntetlon bring on Flint river. Rome oeven-
tren year* ago ho purchased the plantation on
which ho lives, for which ho gave in certain
installments, cn* hundred and slaty halos of
cotton. Ho | (old the cotton according to con
tract. He has since paid four thousand dollars
for land purchased adjoining origins! purchase.
Mr. Keaton la sn economical and energetic
former. He has made cotton more of a spe
cially. While he has not bought any corn dur
ing Ike yean elnee his cotton trade, save thir
ty bushels meal one year, he has net made as a
general thing, any or but little com and oats
for tale, but boing satisfied merely to make
enough fur homo consumption, lie has mods
meat enough usually for bis table and huuso
servants, but nano for tenants or cropers. He
has paid rash for supplies and Is not In dobt to
any one, except for* recent purchase of* plan
tation, Mr. Keaton and Mr. Bennett ran
about the same nutabor of plows.
Tho Mod* of cultivation is very much the
same with all good former* In this county.
Varwlas In ttis North Georgia Mountains,
Claytujt, O*., January 4th, 188S.—Editors
Constitution, Atlanta, U*.—Dear air: Your
circular of tha 22nd Instant received request-
log me to pick out a few suerossfol farmers of
this county and give you their plan of forming,
etc., which I will try to do, although I am now
sixty years eld and have never attempted
te write for the public. As you are aware this
county »a poor muuntain county. Wo make
no cotton, have no railroads, make our own
lwg and hominy, and what surplus we have,
have to haul it at a great expense to market,
tVnsrqnently we feed a good deal of unr sur
plus produce to stock, as It te much cheaper to
transport. 1 will commence with my near
neighbor, M. W. Swsfferd, who commenced
fanning at tho close of the late war, with
nothing hut a poor tract of land
worth, at that time, probably $J00.
Ho hat gradually lucreawd iu property, until
now he on ns ss good a bottom farm as there is
in tbc county to its site, worth some $3,000,
and hat money ont at interest, and ill by his
close attention to the form, lie has s fine
orcliard of npplcs on whieh lie has housed near
400 bushels this foil, lie rales grain, wheat,
corn, etc., and feeds to stock, mostly to hones
and nudes, whieh he turns into cash. Soils
very little on the form. Hit mod* of cultiva
tion is to plow deep and early in the spring,
lie dora very little foil plowing, except seed
ing, His motto is to plant all crops early and
stay with it until laved hy. lie makes from
thirty to fifty bushels of corn per acre.
11c has to some extent tried raising hoes,
raters some very fine hogs, has tho Essex and
lturkshire mixed, which makes a very good
errasdo not think it aprofiublobasinossowing
to the cholera which attack them every few
years and is very foul.
W. I,. Arrendsle, one of oar successful far
mers, who has risen since the war from nearly
nothing to he among the first of
the county. He also feeds his
ampins to sleek, take* moro interest
in, attic than Mr. Hwaffbcd. together with
umlcs and hogs, has succeeded quit* well, and
te new worth assne four or five thousand dol
lars. He owns a bottom form near Clayton,
which he has improved forty per cent in ten
year*. 11s uses turnlms plows sad turns under,
to sasa* extent, the stubble in the green state
la the foil, and. manures with barnyard and
stable manure—nsca no manufactured fertili
sers. He has a fine yonng orchard of two or
three hundred trees, the oldest lost commenc
ing to hear, Mr, Arrendsle does not look
aa clou after Ms farming interest as some
of our termor*. H* reaches out ia other pur
suits. H* hu in a few months past bought a
good form near the month of Wild CM creek,
with* good mill shoal on It. where ho Is erect
ing a circular uwmilL He hu pluck aud
energy. We need moro of such enterprising
men.
W. M. Pickett, another of our snccessful
fanner* who ha* come np since the war,wu
worth rametbing more than thou two spoken
of, applies all bb tine to th* farm, except oc-
raaionally when engage* in politic*. Ha
Aims on a larger scale, has * terser
farm, and does more tell plowing
than thou spoken of, but cultivates
pretty much In the same manner, plant* uriy
aid plow* and hoc* thoroughly from three to
four time*, uses double shovel* principally in
cultivating, uses kb surplus feeding stock on
the ton; In fact, nearly all the farmers In
Ibis county who succeed fsed their surplus to
stock and than ull them. Mr. Picket hu
eome of the finest male* in thle county. He all
u raises um* flu hogs bat the cholera
hu been quit* fetal with them thle aeuon. He
hu a fine yonng apple orchard of choice fruit
coming on. He live* within the incorporation
of Clayton, Is worth about 46,000, has Improved
hi* land shout 331 par cut In the last ten
years without any fertiliser* except turning
bis land in the green state and barnyard and
■table manure.
Andrew J. Martin, one of the oldest formers
In this connty, lives in the Tennessee
valley, near th* North Carolina line,
eo Mod creek. He hu more good
bottom land than thou epoken of, ralero grain
altogether. He, u the other, rsterostock of ell
kinds In larger quantities. He also haute a
great deal of grain to the railroad, especially
rye. U* makes more grain, probably, than any
other former In this county. His mode of cul
tivation ia to thorongMy prepare hi* lands In
tbo fall and early spring with turning plows,
and cultivate with double shovels and other
improved plows. Ho is strictly a farmer in
the true sense—applies bis whole time to it.
lie hu Improved his land SO per cent aince the
war. He Is now worth $S,000 or $6,000, and
hu married off all hte children (save one) since
the war, uven In numbor,mndgiven them each
$600 In tend or money; te 70yean old, and
makes a regular hand in the field.
I could name several fanners that have bun
equally sufeeasAil, bnt It would be a recapitu
lation of tbo samo thing, u most of them farm
upon the samo plan. Our beet and Urgost
formere are In th* northern part of tha coun
ty, In what te known os tho Tenneaae* valley,
and there are several good
formers there. to-wiL James M.
and K.B. Richie, A. O. andJ. B. Dillard,
Thorou Carter, John W. Scruggs, O. W. L.
Kelly, (I. W. Greenwood and others.
Our formers on the whole hsva Improved
their lands at hut 28 par cent In the hut five
years, by using the improved Implements, and
they are alive to further improvements.
Wu have no lady formers in this county.
There te considerable attention paid hy tho
faimera to orchards, more especially apples.
For the last ton years peaches, pears, etc., Is an
uncertain crop, consequently,*™ not cultivated
to a great extant, Qrapca do quite well here,
and some few farmers are growing a tew. Very
few an cultivating grasses. The herd grass
grow* fine here on low land. Clover does well
on stiff clay if manured. W* have no truck
patches here except for home consumption.
Yours roepcctftilly, F, A. Bleckley.
GEORGIA'S tivi: STOCK.
Facts and figures Given la Captain It. J.
Bedding'* Report.
For some week* Captain B. J. Redding, chief
clerk of the department of agriculture, hu
been compiling a statement of too number and
valuo of live stock owned in Georgia for the
purpose of forwarding official Information upon
this subject to Washington. Yesterday Captain
Redding completed hie work and forwarded hte
statement to Washington, which boars data
January 1st, 1890. The following showing te
made in tho report;
■■OKIES.
Total number In tha state !0a t 009
Average price per head under 1 year old....31.00
Avonge price per head between 1 and 2
years old J 50.00
Avenge price per heed between 2 aud 3
varieties known for producing good chewing
tobacco. He wilt get two more va-
rl sties, one a smoking tobacco
and the other a chewing variety. Commlseioner
Henderson says Uut be wants two or threo dUfer-
ent kinds, so that a former cen have Ms choice In
what be wants Lo Ur. This tobacco, sssdwlll be
on* of which will con
repmwnmked Judge Hendereon
nhat
GW.
irhetoouxhtthsUh^mnoSawuroniaintcrfere
. can’t seo bow they con," said he. "We are
asr aFgMSwr sr^”
Northand SSS*CsreUna snS^ofeer states can
MT8£«*i w i£ agMSSS
the matter and when I send out. Information rela
tive t* pteattai, cultivating and coring tobacco, I
wlUacudoaltSe Uw upon the lubjectofiund-
Uui pt^ product."
Adjutant General Stephen*, talking to tha re
porter upon the same subject, said; “Wnjr this to-
Lucco business Is
VO KlWTHino , _ .
in Georgia. Many yean ago the suple products of
Georgto^ were indigo, rice and
tobacco* I remember an oldm an by Use name of
Underwood who once lired Hancock county, who
cultivated tobacco on a large Male. _ I have
a pound of It fh>m him. Governor
They paid him a dollar a* t sx foMPMMPIB
that they never smoked a user tobacco than that
raised by Underwood. During Use war Underwood
In spcaklhg of sari-
no country that depended
■oduct could be really pros-
Avcragc price per head over a years old 9115.00
milch cows.
Total number in the state ttO.OW
Average price per head 9 15.00
OXKN AND OTHER CATTLE.
Total number In tho state 65.1,000
Average price per head undent year old 9 4.25
Average price per head between 1 and 3
ycartold 9 0.75
Average price per head between 2 and 3
ycartold ...f 0.73
Average price per bead over 3 yean old .9 12.00
SHEET.
Ibtal number in tho stale 500,000
Average price per bead under 1 year old 9 1.00
Average price per head over 1 year old. J 1.00
Number kUUdby dogs In 1m 15,000
Total numtier In the state 1,500.000
Average price per bead under 1 year old 3 1.75
Average price per head over 1 year old 3 3.75
Tint BKPOET REVIEWED.
Commenting upon the nature and character
of the report Captain Bedding says that dur
ing the year 1865, which is covered by it. there
wss no epidemic of a fetal character to horses
or mules. Tho increase in tho number of
bones and mules over the year provioos, is
owing to the demand for work animals for
Bums and for other purposes. Prices, he says,
have been maintained up to the standard or
one year ago. The farmers generally prefer
mules to horses for all work.
Cattle, be says, have barely maintained the
natural increase. This fact is duo to two
causes very nearly related to each other. One
is the decreasing value of the range, and tho
other the gradually extending adoptou of the
local option “stock*’ or **no fence" law.
Correspondents from counties which have
this law generally reporta decrease in the
numbers of all kinds of stock that are usually
nonnltted to run at large, but eepeciallycattle.
Notwithstanding tho general depression and
redaction of prices in farm stock and supplies,
the prices of milch cows have suffered but lit
tle. This is owing to tho somewhat
INCREASED INTEREST
in improving the breeds and qnatity of cows.
The rapid Introduction of Jerseys into the
state has greatly aided In maintaining values.
The decrease in the number of sheep is largely
due to the waning interest in thla
species of stock, on account of dogs and
low prices.
Hog cholera has prevailed extensively in
some portions of son th Georgia during the year
18S1, thereby cattsiug a decrease in number.
Tbis decrease is also augmented by tho fret
that full crons of corn and other fitteuing
crops ha* iudmed aud rendered possible the
couveniou of Urge numbers of hogs into
noth. On tho whole the decrease has been
from ten to tl/tn n per cent.
The general condition of the farmers U not
good, except in the fact that they an* generally
well supplied with provisions for the new
year. The low price of cotton has caused
much embarrassment aud comtequout discour
agement.
TOHACCO PLANTING
Going to be Done
Os» a Boom—What _ —
This Year,
Commissioner Henderson, of the state arri-
cultural department. t| thoroughly enthused upon
the subject of tobacco planting, and
that he withes to boom it from the
•tart to the flnfah. "What I want
lo do." »ay« the cturnnhwloncr. "isto find a product
that the farmer* of Georgia ran cultivate and sell
for ready ca»b. Just as they do cotton, and make
more money than the? now do on cotton. Boride*
thl>, 1 want to asuikt them all 1 can In planting
diversified crop*. 1 believe that this 1*
the only way to make farming pay.
A dependence upon one product to aell wllruot
de; we want more than ona. so that If the cotton
crop Calls tbs fanner baa something to take tts
place, and make up the deficiency; ftb*ng
that he can sell and make a profit upon in ready
cash."
Yesterday the rommlsdonet received s sack
containing five pounds of
tobacco seed, wbkh* I?comKraJ o«e sf tbo tnsst
IN A SAUSAGE DULL,
sold it. Underwood lived _
.... Zion, In Hancock, and,* Underwoods
tmoklngl tobacco was popular everywhere,
in that section. 1 remember many years ago, be
fore railroad communication with Savannah was
as good as it is these days,how they carried tobacco
to Savannah to sell. They packed It In a hogs
head, which had a wooden axle running through
it, and then hitched a team to tho concern aud
pulled it to Havana ah. I was struck with a
remark that President Hayes mads to a
speech In 1877 at an agricultural fair
In Richmond. Vo. In
culture he said that no
ui»on one agricultural prodc. . . .
jtcrous, ana 1 think tnat he hit the nail on the
A largo number of applications bare already
been filed at tho agricultural department for to-
baccoseed. Colonel L. F. IAvlngnton, It Is stated,
intends to plant flftcon acres to tobacco, and many
other farmers have written to the department that
they intended giving the cultivation of tobacco a
good trial, as they believe that there is money to
tobacco planting.
I We will begin next week our scries of papers on
tobacco planting, written for beginners.]
How to Make a Compost Heap*
A correspondent sends us the following:
"Editor constitution: I very much desire the
following information: The best formula to make
good compost fertilizer with stable manure, cotton
seed, pine straw (leaves), and phosphate. Please
answer to your weekly, what proportion of each;
tow to mix and about wbat length of tlmo to mix
>cfore using: how high the pile should tie made,
and about what quantity to put In a hill of com or
cotton. 1 never made any, having been here not a
year yet, but have been pretty lively while here.
C. & Ingalls,
Near Griffin, Georgia.
Wc shall have on answer for this to next week’i
Constitution. As it Is a very Important matter,
wo would be glad if any of our farmer readers
would givo us brief answers for Mr. Ingalls. Make
them brief and practical, and we will print them
for general benefit.
Minor Notes About Good Farmers.
From the Rome Go.,Bulletin.
Mr. O. H. Miller is beginning the nursery
business in good earnest He will plant this
spring, probably in the month of February,
300,000 to 400^000 fruit trees, not including
peaches. He will plant about 50 bushels of
lwaeb seeds and a number of vines. He is now
doing the preliminary plowing. Mr. Miller
ssys that the formers bore are considerably
U'hind In tho mstter of fruit growing, but
think they have paid little attention to frait,
simply because they know nothing about it.
He says that commercial fruit growing on Mis
sion Ridge near Chattanooga is only seven
yean old: Seven years ago T. J. Dennett
planted tho first orchard and five years ago Mr.
Miller planted his orchard of 5,000 trees there.
The present immense business there iu fruits
is well known. Mr. Miller has found In this
country, high ridges with soil very much like
»f Mission Ridge.
that ol .
Mr. Miller is, to somo extent, a bellovor in
the thermal of frost lines. There are bunches
on the sides of mountains or ridges which seem
to be entirely free from frost while vegetation
above and below regularly suffers. In Ohio,
he says, the farmers have “farmers institutes"
in the winter, and there they meet regularly
and discuss the problems of agriculture.
Something of that sort would be a good thing
for Floyd.
Cutlibert Appeal: Wo would like to throw
out a few hints to the citisensof Randolph
county on the subject 0f colts. It is not gen
erally know that the best and prettiest horses
in this connty today are those raised within ita
own border*, Many Kentucky horses have
found good homes and kind masters here
within the last ten yean, bnt where one good
western horse] can bo found, three home
raised ones can be pointed out to work
by ita side. And when it comes to durability,
wc are firmly convinced from observation that
tho native will wear ont two of the Kentucky
raised. There is a number of oolta in the county
perhaps more than a hundred. Man jot them
we have secn. and they are as pretty as any we
ever saw in tne famous blue grass region. To
encourage the raising of colts would it not be
well to nave a colt show in the near future,
when everybody can fetch their eolta to town
and enter into a friendly contest with their
friends for a few small premiums?
Mr. Elihu Johnson, of East Dougherty,
mode lost year a 500 pound bale of cotton on
one and ono fourth acrcsjrianted after a heavy
oat crop was taken off. The cotton was plant
ed May 27.
Mr. George W. Truitt, of Tronp county, has
sent to this office somo fine samples of cotton
snd cotton seed. Mr.. Truitt took the first
prise at tne state fair for hU cotton. Somo of
nis cotton had 156 bolls to the stalk, thirty to
the pound. • Mr. Truitt raised Aftjr-five bales
with two mules, and his other crops were in
proportion. His postoffice is Loveless, Go.
Mr. Martin W. Frey, of Cobb county, last year
made eleven boles of cotton weighing 400
pounds each on thirteen acres off load, 330
bushels of corn, fifty bushels of sweet potatoes,
forty bushels of Irish potatoes, eleven bushels
of peas and other products, besides mado a good
round sum soiling cord wood.
Mr. George B. Gilbert, gave tbo Marietta
Journal a statement of the success he hod in
raising chickens last year. He commenced
with 25 hens worth $5.23, and raised 165chick
ens. Ho sold 67 for $15.45; he used 58, worth
$12.20; he sold 30 dosen eggs for $0.05; he
used 00 dozen eggs, worth $13. Total $19.70.
He has on hand 25 hens, $6.25; he has on hand
40 chickens, $6; ho has fertiliser, $5; total
46605. Cost of feed, $33.95; 25 hens, $6,25;
total, $40.20. Profit, $20.75.
Our Great Com Crop,
rrofrssor Dodge, the statistician of the depart
ment of agriculture, has completed his estimates of
tbc yield of the principal cereals during the post
year. Of com the country produced 1,036,000,000
bushels—an aggregate so vast that the mind of man
cannot comprehend U. of oata we made 029,000,-
COO bushels, and of wheat 257,000,000 bushels. This
state Is credited to Profeseor Dodge’s tables with
2,817,000 bushels of wheat, worth 93,070,M0: with
(3,102,000 bushels of com. worth 9l8.fiW.fHD: and
with 6,305,000 bushels of oats, worth fVWO.m A
statt* that produce*, annually, cereals to the amount
orra.COO.UOO Is not apt to be In a suflbring condi
tion, especially w hen It has a cash crop iu the
shape of nearly a million boles of a very marketa
ble product.
Georgia Is outranked among the cotton states as a
com grower by only Texas, Tennessee and Arkau-
»as, to the order named. Georgia holds fourth place,
and is closely pressed by both Virginia and Ala-
tiama. Illinois U the greater corn-producing state
in tl*e union, ami Iowa Is next in rank. Georgia
makes mop* oats thou Arkansas, hut is excelled by
both Texas and Tennessee. Our wheat product is
exceeded in Texas and Tennessee alone of the cot
ton state*. In these states, to sum up the cereal po
sition. Texas ts first, Tennessee second, Georgia
third and Arkansas fourth. 4
The carbon points that are freely consumed to
tbc arc lamp* that shed a powerful bluish light
over the streets In the heart of the dty. arc made
to Pittsburg or Cleveland, (tom a tarry-looking sub
stance known in the oU trade es petroleum coke.
11 Is the final bi-product of the oil refineries. There
ere feogfretoriee to Pittsburg dreoted te thfipee-
ductlon of carbon points, and the largest one turn*
oat 12,000 point* a day. These point* coit two
yean ago 965 a thousand, but lately they have
fallen to 915. As to nearly every other class of-
manufactures to this country, on attempt
has been mode to pool the entire
product of the carbon-point factories, bat
the attempt wa* frustrated by the refusal of one
factory to Join the pool. Carbon points can there
fore be bod at bottom prices,
[Tbc list of “fiuccessfhl Farmers" will be con*
iReek after week. We will be glad to have
1 py practical fanner write us briefly auything for
tfis Separtment that will help bis brother farmers,
or aDT>racti“'* •ain* ,h * t •*
I rimed here.]
We shall print during the next few weeks
three important articles for fannera-
1. Our Papers on Tfobaooo Culture, by two
practical tobacco raisers
2. “Fifteen Bales on rive Acres." Mr. Geo.
W, Truitt’s explanation of how be made this ex
traordinary cotton crop.
3. “A Northern Farmer’s First Year
South." Mr. C. 8. Ingalls story of how he spent
bis first year on a Georgia farm.
These with tho view* 0/ auccemlW farmers now
running, make the Constitution very valuable to
farmers. It la the best? Take It at once.
We Are Seven Thousand.
From the Boston Globe.
Out of about 50,000 fourth-close postmaster-
ships in tbc country tbc democrats bold but 7,000.
Ilad the conditions been reversed—hadorepublican
administration succeeded a democratic one—there
would not now be a democratic postmaster in office
to tell the tale. Nor would that have been the end
of it. Republican psalm-sitifera would have gone
mound months ago in sackcloth and ashes asking
forgiveness for not having been able to smite the
wicked democrats even more expeditiously,
Beady to Avenge Kiel.
St. PauI January 9 —A special despatch
rom Fargo, Dak., says that parties who have Just
reached here from the northwest territory, the
theatre of Riel’s rebellion, say that all Indian
tribes arc making arrangemcuu fur an outbreak in
the spring to avenge the death
traders on tho United State* side of tne nue are re
ported to belsupplying the reds with large nuantl-
ties of amunition, the largo tribes generally par
ticipating. It to believed that the dominion gov
ernment will find It a serious matter.
LEMON KUXUL
An Old Gltlxln of Atlanta, Go.
By the recommendation of Rer. C. C. Dari* lured
Dr. Mozlcy’s Lemon Elixir for a severe case t of Indi
gestion, palpitation of the heart, constipation and
Diliousnem. I also suffered great It with gravel aud
great pains to the bock ana kidneys, unable to
stand alone. I was treated by many r —
and used many remedies, but got no 1
Mosley’s Lemon Elixir alone has made
cure or all these diseases. My wife has suffarefi
greatly with constipation and sick headaches .from
which the could get no n llefi Tbo Lemon Elixir
hasxwnnanently cured her.
A. C. Arnold, 22 Ella street, Atlanta, Go.
Lemon Hot Drops.
Da. H. Moclst.—Dear Sir: I have snlfared for
fire yean with a severe cough and lung trouble,
saw your advertisement of Lemon Hot Drop*, and
procured a small bottle, having tried every cough
syrup and lozenge that I could hear of with little
benefit. I bad small faith to It. To my surprise, I
derived benefit from the first dose. My cough left
me, also the soreness of my lunn, by the use of
four small bottles only. My cough was so severe
u to produce slight hemorrhage at the time I began
that I shall ever feel grateful to you for this great
"V* <UKntTT - Ko . 4 oronn wf^ttentefta.
Take Care of the Children.
For children, Brandrcth’s Pills at* .Imply
Invaluable. Ono or two Pills taken every
night for ton days will core them of icarlot
favor, diphtheria, whooping cough, cold*, diar
rhoea or local pain,.
Brandrcth’s Pills are purely vegetable—con
tain no mercury, mineral or dangerous drag.
They require no caro in diet or exposure, and
are perfectly safe for old or yonng, male or fe
male. Ono or two at nlght,*for a week, taken
on an empty stomach, will cure tho wont cose
of dyspepsia, liver complaint or rheumattem.
A new novel Jmt tented te mid to have been
written between tho hour* of 2 snd 0 o’clock In the
morning. The orll* of Ute hour, aeem to It. accu-
mutating.—Nontetown Henld.
A. a Gargle In Scarlet Tovar
Uk Darby’. Prophylactlo Fluid. Sponge tho
body with tho Fluid diluted, it will relievo tho
burning, Itching soautton of the skin andde-
etroj the contagion thrown off, rendering it
harntlem to communicate tho disease. Al
ways keep the Fluid expoeed la the .lek room,
it will prevent the .ptead of contagion, dte-
cues. The Fluid te equally efficacious in
measles and all eruptive discuses.
It Is said that ir Insanity I. latent tn a penonlt
will almost always develop lucltatses. Nearly
everything In ijntnon usually develop* ltaelf *t
tea.—Norristown Herald.
TtisGreat South or Bomody.
ROSADALIS cures Scrofula, Rheumattem,
White Strolling, Goat, Goitre, Consumption,
Bronchitis, Nervous Debility, Malaria, and
all dlMasaa of a kindred naturo artelng from
on Impure condition of th* blood. After phy
sicians have tailed to curs, a single bottle ol
ROSADALIS seems to street such * marked
ehang* aa to glvanew hop* aad life. Read
this lettert
I have been a great tnfferer with InSamma-
lory Rheumatism for tho last twelve months.
I wss induced to try your preparation, Rosa,
dalle, and I bars been greatly banelted. My
hands and feat are still enlarged, bnt I feel ae
much better that I want to oontlnn taking
th* ROSADALIS.
Rchoboth, V*. MRS. M. T. DANCE.
T WOULD LIKE TO EXCHANGE ROOD, TO ROOD.
1 Stock In a manufacturing budne tn Atlanta
for a stuck of goads orfsrm on ont of the railroads
esdlui out sf Atlanta. A Hne chance for somo
me who has talent for machinery and settee
Troop Connty in tbe Lead.
T HAVE ABOUT75 BUSHELSOF UV IMPROVED
I cotton seed ftom the ■•Fifteen bales raised on
ilve seres." tbs prcmtnm cropor urotgU. snd the
largest crop ever known. Trice, A, per bushel.
Tbc cash most accompany orders. Send all ordora
u.j.«.T«m.*c<k.f!K mgtw TRUirr
Mention this paper.
d> - ftfl rut MONTH and a A3JI0 Oat.
dtlLlMlV «» Tow* to Agents und Canvass
ers.—The blaxcst thin* on earth, and a chance of
a life-time. Our new anlaraed Electro Portraits are
the tlneat In th* world. Adurra. W. H. CHIDKSTKB
dt wt, 25 Hood street. New York. |anl2»ky2t
“The Cheapest Furniture House
in Georgia.”
Yon Win rove money by aandlug for ray catalogue
and petera before yon buy furniture. Bfimcst.tock
owest price*. Every afyle of furniture, from •
licdstead to (1,000 bureau. Cheaper than ever.
Estimates Sue furnishing entire house. Write toP.
11. Inook, Allsms, On.
Mention this paper. decM wky ly
Man and Beast.
Mustang Liniment is older
than most men, and used
more and more every year.
WCAPITAL, FRIZ*, G75.000.-B*
Tickets Only 00, Shares In Proportion
LOUISIANA STATE LOTTERY CO
turcfbrStocarionatera^hariublopuiposes-^irith
adopted December kL A. D., U79.
t*
ItaOr^d , 3I3. , “N , iL%^^,^ ta
plan# monthly, aad tha Kxtraoedlnwnr Draw
ingsregularly ovary three months Instead eg
8eml-Annnnuy ns heretofore, beginning
March. HUM.
A BFENDID OFTORTUNITT TO WIN A’FOR
TUNE. SECOND GRAND DRAWING, CLAM £
IN THE ACADEMY OF MUSIC NEW ORLEANS?
February 0, *880—180th Mohthly Drawing.
CAPITAL PRIZE, •78,000.
100,000 Tickets at FIv# Dollars Each, Prae-
tlona. In Fifths, In Proportion,
list or rouxs. .
1 CAPITAL PRIZE
the omce of tbe Company In New I
aw, rather Information writ* clearly, giving mu
address. Postal Norm, Express Money order*, or
Mew York Exchxnn in ordfnxrv letter. Curronor
byex^reM fall roma of mtndopwxrdi itoorS
It* A* DAUPHIN,
„ M MrwOrleans,La.
Or SL A* DAUPHIN,
\YR*litogton, D* C*
Make P. 0. Money Orders payable and ad*
dress Registered Letters to
NEW ORLEANS NATIONAL BANK,
Nsw Orisaastta.
UNIVERSAL GRAVITY LEVEL.
He Greatest and Grandest Diseovery of the Age.
N INSTRUMENT COMBINING SURVEYING,
TKRAC1NG, BUILDING, PLUMBING, RON-
ro hill bide;ditches. etc.
Detached from tahls;
CAn UR3 M two foot-
raexsure, trtoqiwrcc, or
any desired angle.
All on .. ■clentlflo
spirit bubble*, but
Actual Certainty
by (rarity rsgtatar.
Farmer* and other*
can use with accuracy
and
D) Effective Work,
No uneasiness as to
aceld.ntal daman* to
Instrument wbtl
handling.
Theodolites cost
Eight Times a* much
ana an expert to matti-
_________ palate.
Our Level with Patented Target 15.00,
We placo It to the reach of all.
Manufacturer* East and our Hardware firm*
indorse It.
&We« ‘SMil capital mtd tram
make frxxnvfi to 9K) per day.
THE UNIVERSAL gltAVj
V EL cot.
HOW TO SPECULATE
AMD
MAKE MONEY.
J. EDWARDGOVE & C0„
BANKERS AND BROKERS,
No. 1331 F. STREET, N. W„
Washington, D. C.
Slocks, Grain, Provisions and Petroleum.
IEE ESHfiliEBSltfoSsata*
amff-ttwkjly thn mt to*
i Instant nlteC Final core tn 10 dan
, ^
dr Free, by add wing a J. MASON, 73 Noaran
t, N. \. decaowkty
MU GIVE AWAY IS
MMjNratthf JKUhtag^ MatfolMo.^ yen
Co.; ss Day
want one *tnJ ui your n*ms, P. O.
gwolBceateac*. Th* National
Aug2S wky y*.
NECESSITY TO THE FIRMER!
By srblch the cost of fertiliser* may be reduced to
SQ.50
Per ton. Its Introduction wflt mark a new era to
agriculture. Ford for circular* to A. A. D» Loach*
ftwr Pack Fun Cards Saw Sample hot* and
Ull u complete outfit, 4 cents, star Card Oa,
EnndtTohlo. a sept wfim oorapod
u. umu, ^ ofim* w»w«8
isfohDo Your Own Printing'.
rcus&ts 4 * 11 —
intTSoS*
srENCfL. smmp and' unit wx-g.
M., tor Me
IS. Fourth tt, cor Merchant, Phlla,
delnhla. Sendee pottage toecatalogn*.