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THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA, GJU TUESDAY APRIL 6 1886
Proceedings of the Two Houses
Last Week.
..
With the President and His Ad
visers—General. News.
The sensation of the week in congress Is the
debate on the labor bill.. The bill passed ths
house but is a mere sop thrown by politicians
to workingmen. It means nothing and will
effect nothing. Senator Vance made a ring
ing speech against the sham' of 1 civil service
and demanded that democrats be put on guard
In the democratic camp., ; The substance of
the week’s session is fonnd below.
The Senate In Secret Session.
Washington, March 31.—The senate this
evening rejected the nomination of the new
post master at Webster City, Iowa. All the
republicans and all bnt two or three demr.
crats voted against him.' The report of the
committee that he secured the appointment
partly by representation that his predecessor
was an offensive partisan, and that he him
self, since his appointment, has been even
more active in these things , which constitute
offensive partisanship than the man he sup
planted, having been an aetlTe man in the man-
2 ement of a democratic newspaper, and in
ditionhaving fonnd time logo about the
country making democratic speeches. The
democrats fonnd nothing poltlvely objection-
able in this, bnt voted for rejection on the
ground that the candidate had not been at.
tending to his business.
A considerable number of postmasters, whoso
predecessors were suspended, were reported
upon favorably. This was done upon the
theory in some cases that as tho nominations
bad been a long time before the committee,
and nothing adverse to the nominee bad been
heard, it was safe to assume that neither the
suspended man nor his neighbors cared to bo
heard, and in other cases positive Information
has been received that the nominee wa, all
right, and that tho outgoing official had no
-ievance.
The cases of the threo Ohio collectors of in
terns! revenue woro discussed in a group. Sen
ator Sherman medo a statement that their
predecessors were soldiers with excellent war
records, and that they had been efficient col.
lectors. The nominees were also good men,
and no ono wanted to voto agatnst them, but
they were not soldiers. Ho referred to the
J resident’s message, to the letter of Secrotary
fanning, and scouted the idea that the good
of the service "could rc juirc” the removal of
•uch men. Senator Logan made an indirect
but strong argument for open cessions and
public discussion. In respect to tho case which
stood on exactly similar grounds ho had boon
singled out as tho target for newspaper criti
cism,because ho had,as it was said,gone against
a soldier. The aenatois knew that there- was
no better friend to the aoldiera than himself,
bnt with the public shot oat misrepresents-
tlons were inevitable. While deprecating the
removals of theae Ohio aoldiera, such was the
fate of war and politics, and he was ready to
vote with the finance committee for confirma
tion upon their atetement that there was noth
ing against the records of the outgoing men.
Put bo did not want to bo singled out again
is especially opposed to soldiers.
The Home.
Washington, April 1.—Chairman Miller, of
die house commltteo os banking and careen-
iy, has been Instructed to report fcvorably his
>111 providing for the issue of $25,000,009 in
diver certificates of the denomination of ono
iollar, and $50,000,000 in certificates of two-
lollar denomination.
Mr. Crisp today introduced a bill In relation
! to tho evidence to quiet titles,.which was
, favorably reported by the Judiciary commltteo
of tho last houso, but waa not acted on. In
many eases titles are in peril, because by war,
accidents and lapse of time tho records of tho
doinga and acts of public officers of the United
States have been lost, and cannot be fonnd
and proved in evidence. This
is especially tho case in many of the southern
states where the records of the courts of tho
United States where, by accidents of war, lost
and dcatroyed so that persons claiming fights
tinder deeds and records which otherwise
might have been easily established, are in
danger of losing their property, for tho want
* roper proofs and copies of such records.
_r. Oneill, of Pennsylvania, introduced a
resolution calling on the secretary of tho
treasury for a statement of, the diapoaitlon of
money loaned by the United Statea to the
World’s industrial cotton. centennial exposi
tion held at New Orleans, and for information
aa to whether any of that lean has boon
repsid.
Washington, April 1.—Mr. Heed’s proposod
constitutional amendment forbidding oltitcns
to bo deprived of the right to yoto on account
of sex, received three vote* only in the house
judiciary committee this morning, and only ooo
of the three persons casting,.a, favorable vote
has pronounced in favor of woman’s suffrage.
Mr. Belmont, of New York, offered the foi
sted 10pay the Chinese government 1 n considera
tion of losses unhappily sustained by certain Chi
nese subjects by mob violence at Rock Springs,
Wyoming, on September 2, 1885, said sum being
intended for distribution among :the sufferer! and
their legal representativee in the discretion of too
Chinese government. ' ,
The Tariff- HUH,
Mr. Morrison said to night that the wtye
and meant committee would make Hewitt's
customs administration bill tho body of tho
tariff bill which they hoped to report to the
home soon. Appended to the Hewitt bill is a
short free Hat,which will be about alt the tariff
legislation that will bo attempted. Wool, talk
lumber and a few drugs are the principal
articles on the proposed freo
list. Mr. Hewitt'a bill is in the nature of an
instruction to collectors, giving a long and in
tricate serlca of definitions which they shall
be guided in collecting the easterns. Mr.
Horrisan said the iron schedule would go nn-
tonched, and remsrked:
"Yon see wo must necessarily go slow; wo
cannot hone to accomplish everything at
0DC6.”
When asked what Mr. Randall’s attitude to
ward such a bill as lio had outlined would
probably be, he said Mr. Randall had not indi
cated what he would do, and that no dofinite
conclusion conld be drawn from thoeonferenco
between Rendall end tho democrats of .the
ways and meana committee. Mr. Morrison
hsa evidently modified his views
as to what should be attempted in the way of
tariff legislation, end i mow chiefly concerned
to get through some bill, no matter how atlght
its reductions may be. It id admitted now
that Morrison’s origins! bill will never come
cut of committee. All the leading tariff re
formers ere adopting conciliatory tactics.
Washington, April 1.—[Special.]—A place
on the weya and means—the most important
committee in the house—is seldom given to a
new member. 8peaker Carlisle, however, in
making np this committee at a-time when it
Waa to face an unnsnaUy complicated tariff
iune, chose two new men, Harris, of Georgia,
and Breckenridge, of Kentucky. For the se
lection of both there were reasons which were
at once recognised and respected.
Mr. Carlisle's idea of tho proper constitution
of this commit tee in the last congress and in
this was that it should have a decided majori
ty pledged to the reform of tho tariff, a work
which ho and Mr. Morrison hold as
THE OREAT HUSTON
of the democratic party at this time. Aeoord-
ingly.he appointed only such democrats as
sympathized with the views held by that wing
of the party of which Mr. Morrison is the ac
knowledged leader and the speaker himself
•be ablest champion.
lir. Randall made an apt reply to some re
cent overtone which looked to the eoneflia-
hon of the conservative tariff democrats,when
he said that the way to have saenrad real is-
Wtanee from them in the preparation of a bill
and real co-operation in pairing It, would hare
teen to pot a representative of their viesreon
the committee. The Georgia,member of the
committee is. perhaps, the most conservative
of ita democrats. He has devoted' himself
elocely to the' trdnons labors incident to the
preparation of a general tariff bill srhleh does
not propose to take a “horizontal" short eut
through all surrounding difficulties. I asked
him how the ways and means committee wa*
progresring with ita work. He replied: “We
are working day and night trying to frame
a good bill, one which all the democrats will
support. I think we will be ready to report it
to the house within the next ten days."
led?" 1 ** rcdoetion probably bo prepo-
, “I.think present duties can be reduced
twenty-five or thirty millions,”
“But can yon make to great a reduction in
demoert F0U * M> ^* *° *“* mou ’ ie the
’’ Yes, a bill eenid be arranged to make that
red notion and not drive away any democratic
support, except perhaps a very fow votes
which would be lost by reeson of the free wool
cltnte. The abolition of the duty on wool
makes a great redaction in tho total of onr
import duties, and it is a redaction
which will bo felt by tho masses
on whom the hardens of taxation are most
severe. Anything that will make clothing
and blankets cheaper will strengthen, rather
than injure the bill. This big redaction will
enable ns to tench very lightly other and
larger interest* which eqjoy the benefits of
incidental protection without imposing a bur
den so general and to onerous as that of the
wool tariff.”
“What do yon think of the prospect forjany
tariff legislation by this congress?"
"I believe a carefully drawn tariff bill can
be passed by the honso. How the senate would
treat it I cannot imagine. That is none of
onr business. The demoerats are responsible
for what the house does. Wo are pledged to a
revision of the tariff, and wo should do all that
wo can to make that pledge good.”
"One of tho best things wo conld do,” con
tinued Mr. Harris, "would bo to impose an
income tax. Tho great wealth of tho
country is hoarded in bond* and non-taxablo
securities, while the burden of governmont
falls upon the poorer classes. 1 don't think
congress conld pass a more righteous act than
one which would impose an income tax sad
thus lighten the exactions of the tariff. I have
mentioned this subject to a number of members
and I find that they are generally well dis
posed toward it." Several other members of tho
ways and means committee share the belief
expressed by Mr. Harris that some tariff bill
will pass the house. While I deter to their
snperior wisdom and to their hotter Judgment
of the temper of the honso, I will say that
such Indications u can bo seen from tho cor
respondent's gallery do not appear to me to
point in that direction.
General Logan Wants a Bigger Army.
•Washington, March 29.—After rontino
morning business Mr. Logan's army bill was
placed before the senate. Mr. Logan sent to
tho desk and bad read a letter from General
Sheridan favoring the proposod increase.
Messrs. Plumb, Hoar, Hawes and Tellerwero
the principal opponents of the bill. In reply
to remarks made by somo of these gontlemen
in the course of debate, Mr. Logan said it waa
an unwarrantable assumption for any senator
to intimate or insinuate that thta blit was now
introduced with a view to any impending diffi
culty between capital and labor. Why this In
sinuation that there was a desire to nso tho
army against tho people? It seemed that to
some men any statement that would injure
another was as a sweet morsol. It was an un
founded and unworthy insinuation.
-Referring to the suggestion that
increase of tho army was wanted
for show, “for a circus,” Mr.
Login repelled it. Tho peoplo, he said,
did not want any show about it. They had
show and circna enough in tho senate [laugh-
ter] and while the senatorial circus was on
hand he did not know any more active per-
formera than the senators who were opposed
to this bilk [Renewed laughter.]
Mr. Logan reviewed the efforts making to
fortify tho coasts, manufacture guns, build the
nayy, etc., and inquired what all these ex-
' preparations meant if not in peace tc
# . for war. There was undoubtedly no
immediate danger, bnt waa that an argument
against putting onr affairs in a condition to
enable ns to prepare properly whenever
danger should come. Wo have
had ware before and should doubtless have
again. In the last report by the secretary of
war to congress, that officer called the especial
attention of congress to the disturbances of
the put year with the Indians. But even if
there were no Indian difficulties, there ml
•till reason enough why wo- ibonld have this
increase; not to got a largo army, bnt to pnt
cent v, Kieincr, nanoer, ijinnam. r-awion, no-
fevre, Lowry, Lyman, Mahoney, Mauon, lUybnry,
McMillan, Merrliuau. Miller. Moffett, Morrison.
Nccce. Ontbwalt, Perkins, Phelps, Randall, Rea
gan, Reed of Maine, Richardson, Robertson,
Rowell, Ryan, Bayers, Scott, Scranton, Boner. Sey
mour, Shaw. Bowden, Spooner, Springer. Steele,
Stewart, of Texa^sWTof New;York. Btoneof
Missouri, Storm, Street, Strape, Tarsney, Ike H-
» 1 %?;Ohlo.th«nu of Wiaoonilo, Throckmor
ton, Tillman. Tucker, Van Eaton, Wakefield,
Warner of Ohio, Weaver of Nebraska, Wellborn,
White of Minnesota. Wilkinson, Wilson, Win an*
and Worthington—110.
. Farqnhar,
>r. Koran, Forney, Gallinger, Gay. Gibson of
-- — Virginia, Glass, Goff, Green of North Caro
lina, Grant. Gucnthcn, HaUell Hammond, Harrlt,
Hayden, Hares. Hemphill, Henderson of Iowa,
Hendemm or Illinois, Henderson of North Caro
lina. Henley, Herbert, Herman, Hire*, Hitt, Ilouk,
Irion, Jackron, James, Johnson of New York,
T_1 r -Carolina,
IIII.IYMV, llVk IU (UK m ItUfrU WIU^. UU« IU |IUI
onr present army In a condition of pronor or.
ranlntion, to keep it reasonably efficient. Hr.
Logan believed in the American idea of tho
Monroe doctrine. He would build np
American industries and American influ
ences and power. The republic should bo
able to protect itself. European monarchies
were jealous of tho United States. Why?
Because of the ideas of republicanism and
patriotism which tho example of tho United
States afforded to the people of tho world.
Republicanism waa becoming tho power of the
world over, and the United States should bo
prepared to say to tho first Enn
that attempts to gain a foothold
"Lay on HacDuff, and damned bo he who lint
cries, ‘bold, enough!”’ [Appiauso in tho
gilleriu.
Washington, March 30.—In the honso on
motion of Mr. Logan, the bill to increase the
efficiency of the army wu taken tip, and ita
consideration wu proceeded with. Mr. Logan
took the floor and contlnned his remarks in
support of the bill, and in contravention of tho
arguments presented against the bill by tho
senators opposing it.
After further dobato by Senators Logan and
Teller, tho bill wu laid uido, and tho Wuh-
ington territosy bill wu token np, Senator
Platt taking the floor in its support.
Mr. Voorhecs introduced a bill for the ad-
minion of the territory of Montana, in place
of tho bill originally introduced by him. Tho
bill now introduced, Mr. Voorheeasaid, was an
enabling act, while the first bill provided for
the immediate admlnion of the territory.
The Educational Bill.
OTON, March 29.—
friends of the educational bill
markable and somewhat surprising victory in
the home this morning. It wu tho result of
enthmUttlo work ana concerted action. As
agreed on atSaturday’s conference, Mr.Willis,
of Kentncky, when his state wu called, intro
duced the bill which hu passed the senate, and
moved its reference to tho coinmittoeon labor,
decided majority of which is known to
favorable to the bill. Mr. Miller, of
Tezu, moved to refer the bill to the commit
tee on education, which hu already bottled it,
with the Intention of never reporting It to the
home. Mr. Miller’s motion wu defeated by
eighteen votu, and then the bill wu recorded
to tho committee on labor by a majority of
twenty-five. Ail tho Georgia members voted
in favor of this reference, except Mr. Blonnt.
The complexion of tho several commit
tees wu carefully ascertained before
this iune wu made, and it wu
that the committee on labor wu the most
decidedly in favor of the bill, and it wu
therefore selected. Since tho hitch occurred
over reporting this bill, the house hu been
flooded with petitions from all pares of the
country uking favorable action oslt. Geor
gia tent more than any state in tho union.
They came from almost every county.
By Mr. Willis, of Kentncky: To aid in the
establishment and temporary support of com
mon schools. Mr. Willis moved to refer to
the committee on labor.
In reply to a question by Mr. Randall, Mr.
Willis stated that the measure wu identical
with the Blair bill. ,
Mr. Randall uked if a reasonable time
would not bo allowed for debate in order to
afford an opportunity for explanation of rea
sons for tho proposed change of reference, but
there were cries ef “Regular order!” Miller’s
amendment wu lost—yeas, 110, nays 134.
The following U the detailed vote:
SBSxfe SMK
gi^.SS^o’SS.Tfl
York. Cannon, Ckrietoo, CUrtf.
tertoo, Curtin, Dargan, Daren]— 1
kMVnn-
\lot No-.7
IVde, LWr, Cnl-
, Dawoo, Dogk-
SS2SMK
O’Donnell, O'Hara, O'Neill, of Pennsylvania,
O'Neill or Mo ¥ Owen, Peel, Perry, Peters, PetUbone,
Pllcer, Plumb, Price, Reid or North Oaroliiu,
Reese, Rogers, Romeis, Sadler, Sawyer, Singleton,
Smalls, Snyder, St. Martin, Swinburne, Taulbce,
E. B. Taylor of Ohio, J.M. Taylor of Tennessee,
Zsch Taylor or Tennessee, Thompson, Trigg,
Turner, Wadsworth, Walt, Ward or Indiana,
Warner or Missouri, Weber, West, Wheeler, White
or Pennsylvania, Whiting, Willis, Wise, Wolford
and Woodbnm—Rti.
Defending the Postmaster-General.
Mr. J. M. Taylor, of Tennessee, defended
the postmuter general from the criticisms
made noon him by Mr. Barrows, of Michigan,
for not increasing the salaries of tho fourth
and fifth class postal clerks, and quoted from
the Record to show that this subject of in
crease had been left by congress to the dis
cretion of tho postmutar-general.
Mr. Blount, of Georgia, also defended the
action of tho postmaster gonorai in re-
feting to use tho $109,000 ap
propriated by tho kill of lut
year to compensate American vessels for for
eign mail service. This subject, ho slid, had
been considered at the cabinet mooting, and
whatever of error or crime attached not only
to the postmaster gonorai bnt to tho president
and his cabinet. Bnt, he argued, tho post
master general had committed no error, but
bad only exerclaedaJust and wlso discretion.
Ho Instanced the sums paid to the American
steamship companies to show that the amounts
allowed for carrying the malls were vutly In
exceu of the compensation which would be re
quired by such companies for carrying oqnal
weight of freight or —‘ "
had stood hore for yean
men fighting the senate and the executive.
Bnt now, ho thanked God, thore waa an ad
ministration which did not understand this
modo of building up American shipping.
Vllu had been dcnonuced on this
floor for failure to use this fend. Gontlemen
might Indulge In this denunciation on this floor
in a hired press, or every stamp and on very
point that human oar could catch human ac
cent, and when their voices hadgrown hxirso,
theywonld bear lond and swelling voices
throughout this land, praising this postmaster
general who had the ability anil courago to do
his duty in spite of all those exocrationa and
lo remain true to tho great principles of his
party.
Mr. Houk, of Tennessee, criticised tho ad
ministration, and declared tho president hail
assumed an attitudo before tho country which
would not he tolerated in any but two other
countries in the world. Russia or Persia might
tolerate his coarse, but neither tho sultan o(
Turkey nor tho queen of Eogland would havo
occupied their positions twenty-fear Iionrt
after having taken the attitude which tho
S resident had assumod. He then went on to
ononnee the action of tho first assistant post
master general in removing the postoffioes in
Teunesseo from tho villages in which they had
been sltnstod for yaar», and locating them in
niney regions, becauio bo conld not And any
democrat in tho villages to taka chargo of tho
offices. This action, ho denominated, as
tho most outrageous, infamous action whioh
had ever boon perpetrated upon any
community. Ho did not know from what in
fluence this came, unless it came from a man
who bad paid himself a salary out of the chil
dren'* school fend two year* alter he wont out
of offleo.
Mr. McMlllin—To whom doo* the gentleman
refer.
Mr. Honk—Yon know just as well as any
body wlso on earth. I have tho record, If yon
come round privately.
jin—I insist that when a roan goes
ing a system of Pocksnlffian wisdom and
Pharisaism.
To show some of the characteristics, Mr
V*nco mentioned the instance of some Mew
York soldiers who lately devoted their pen
sions to the support of some poor crippled con
federates who bad fought against them. Ha
also related an snoedote told of the battlo of
FCnteroy, that the English officers rosototho
front, and Invited the French army to fire
first, to which the gallant French officer re
plied: "Not so. Hcasienn, tho
gentlemen of the Freneh guard never
give but receive tho first fire." For tho want
of political parties, Mr. Vanea said, Russia had
nihilism: for the want of constitutional par-
. ties France slept on communistic fires, and
Germany had to maintain enormous armies.
Mr. Vance proceeded to discuss the question of
offleo holding from tho point of viow of the
constitution. Ho maintains that every citizen
of tho United States was qualified to hold
office except as the constitatlon
limits the right. That was ono of tho proud
est and most distinctive featurre of tho dem
ocratic government. By this civil service
law, only citizens of certain age, residents of
certain states, and those who submit to cer
tain examinations were eligible. This, Mr.
Vance said, would not do. Tho millions were
entitled to aeek office and tako their chances.
They got no chances under this law.
Too mnch was made to depend
and on the condition of tho Commissioner’s
liver, his appetite for dinner, or the Allure
of his morniog bitters. The establishment of
a special class that should do all the office
holding waa like tho act of the Jews of old in
consecratlng.the family of Levi to the hon
ors of the priesthood, leaving to the other
tribes hardships and responsibilities of war.
The civil servico commission waa a board
of censors to watch the president and make
him walk a chalked line; to supervise aonatora
and representatives. President Garfield had
truthfellv aald that the doctrines of Hamilton
were waxing while those of Jefferson were
waning. If the chief magistrate conld prop
erly hold offleo for only four years, why
should tho clerk hold for life? It uras
said the clerk became more com
petent by long terms of office. Why dll
not tho same argument apply to the president,
and to senators and representatives? Why
shonld a clerk be endowed with official im
mortality ? We were told the English system
waa good, and that civil servico did not there
change ita personnel on tho change of parties,
Well, tho executive power of Eogland was a
hereditary power, and the perpetuity ofofflce-
holdingwas characteristic of a monarohy. It
was not so of a democracy. There were some
peoplo among ns, Mr. Vance continued, who
hated tho turmoil and straggle of freedom, In
which they were compelled to jostle against
thoso whom they did not suppose to bo tholr
social eqnala. The English view seemed to
flourish among that class. Hr. Vance asked who
waa responsible for the conduct of an officer
appointed under this law? Not tho
president, boranao ho had only mada tho ap
pointment selected for him, not tho head of a
department, for tho tame reason; not oven tho
civil servico commissioners themselves, foe
they only selected the man with the most
marks. Nobody was responsible. What, thou,
became of the presidents responsibility for tho
proper conduct of tho governmont.
The act, in Mr. Vanoo’s opin
ion, wu wholly unconstitutional, and in
voluntarily submitting to Its provisions, the
Mr. Mclill .
to assassinate character—and this is unmiti
gated assassination—he should bare tho bold
ness to do it like a man.
Mr. Houk—I havo the boldness to toll yon
privately, or to get it in any other way.
Mr. HcMillln—No man ought to attempt to
do (hat indirectly which ho hu
not the boldness to do directly .1 undertake
to uy that the man he to attempting to reach
is the oqnal of any man he can bout of know
ing ; ana I will not, under tho rales of this
bouse, say how far he la tho auporlor of this
individual (Hook) in all that constitutes man
hood,
Mr. Honk suggested that there were plenty
of men on Pennsylvania avenue who wore the
•upeiiore of his oolleague.
Mr. MoMUIon would express the opinion—if
it were parliamentary—that there were man
in penitentiary who were the superiors of his
colleague.
Mr. Honk had no donbt that his colleague's
superior had been banged in prison.
After this exchange of compliments, tbo
matter dropped, and the committee rose.
Senator Vance on Civil Service.
Speaking on the civil servico dobato. Sena
tor Vance uld that all tbo present difficul
ties bttween the president ana the senate wu
due to the act falsely called "an act to regu
late and improve the civil urvice of tho United
States.” lie bad introduced the bill which his
present remarks were intended to support, fo:
tbo purpose of repealing that act. Mr. Vana
created much laughter by reading a supposi
tious conversation between an imaginary “old
democrat” and an equally h
tentative of tho government,
democrat, bearing In mind ail tbo years of
democratic exile, confidently approaches
the representative of the govern
ment, expresses his joy at “onr
vicloiy,” ana uya he hu come to got a place.
The representative of the government receives
him rather cooiy, and aatores him he is too
old, When the old democrat’s din;
has been sufficiently expressed, he recom
mends his ton, who is young and active, bnt
the government representative, with many
"ahems,” explains tho working of tho civil
service system and when the old democrat
inqniru whether all the republicans in offloe
had got in under the civil urvice system, and
bad been subjected to the necessary examina
tion, the government representative replies
that he is troublesome, that he should not ask
Impertinent questions, and shows him to the
door saying, "away with yon.” Mr. Vance
uid this wu no fancy pic
ture. There were thousands and
thousands of men llko that old democrat, and
they were the strength of th* democratic party.
They had been ita rtfege in the pest Mr.
Vince wu not quite sure that they would be
ita champions in the fetere. They would not
fight to win democratic victoria for republi
can benefit They believed that if a man
were raised to the place of his ambition by his
friends, he shonld give his friends preference
over his enemies. No did Mr. Vance. They
also believed that a man found wanting in
gratitude might llkewiu bo fonnd wanting in
other kindred and cardinal virtue*. Mr.
pplanded *
remarks.
In the broadest and most comprehensive
tense, Mr. Vance announced himself a
party man. He believed parties indispensable
to liberty, and that government by party wu
the only way in which there conld be a gov
ernment by the people. Madison had said that
parties were the natural preservers of liberty.
Any attempt to govern in a free country
without party, Mr. Vance characterized u a
sentimental Sunday school, goody two-shore
arrangement. It nun attempt to destroy
the manhood of Anglo Saxon statesmanship.
It sru substituting for truth and square deal-
rhange of officers In this republic, bnt their
will bid not been respected. The president
hod hound himself, not only by tho law itself,
hot by tho extra legal promises to oxtond tho
spirit of the Iswto office* nevor contemplat
ed by it. Tho result wu
that political enemies and spies
surrounded every adminlstratlvoofflccr. This
wu trying to serve tho Lord, with tho devil
for an active partner. The wnolo thing was
a humbug, ana in partial proof ho read an ad
vertisement offering, fog ton cents, to supply a
• tr| re qfexstataatlfn Questions, which would
anybody to pdas civil service exsmlns-
Tho civil service lawwu an attempt of
tho republican party to mako npfer the expos
ures of the many corruptions of that party.
It should not have been callod "an act to reg
ulate and improve tho civil servico,” hot “lut
will and testament of the republican party.”
Mr. Vance wu the only sorry that tho demo
cratic president had become its executor In
stead of administrator do bonis non. Roforring
to the share of offloe* given to the south by
tho republican party, Mr. Vance said tint out
of over 7,000 offices in Washington, only 253
were registered from tho south, and
the civil service commislonor*
had declined to remedy this Inequality.
In tho presldont'o tender and touching fare
well to the putative parent of civil sorvios re
form, Commissioner Eaton, ho spoke of thoso
who opposed this law M tho worst elements of
both parties. There wu no earthly donbt
that a great majority of tbo democratic party
were opposed tq that law. If then tho
“worst elements” of tho domooratio party
were in the majority tho party
wu Indeed in S had way.
Almost every utterance on this subject that
hu been heard in either honso of congress
since the session began hu boon more or loss
severe on tho-pnsont system. Tho latest shot
wu fired by Senator Vance, of North Carolina,
who is, perhaps, the extromest antl-dviljurvleo
man in congress. In the course of his speech
Senator Vance aroused the ire of the mug
wumps by the following allusion:
Sala Horace Walpole:
I bareamaxlm—that tho extinction of patty is
the gorernment to tako the giant corporations
by the throat and tell them they most yield
to arbitration; that the government oonla not
have the condition of attain that today pre
vailed throughout five statu of tho union,
practical revolution.
Mr. Borrows, of Michigan, inqntred what
would be the effect of one of tho parties of
arbitration declining to stand by tho decision
of tbo arbitrator*.
Mr.O'Neill replied that public opinion would
compel compliance with the decision.
Mr. Kelley, of Pennsylvania, uld that he
would voto for tho hill, bnt u that wu hia
purpose he wanted to uy to tho workingmen
of Use country that itwu a trick On their
credulity and a frond. Conld there be any ad
judication between Jay Gonid andthottrtkors
on hia road u long u Jay Gonid did not assent
thereto?
Mr. O’Neill conld only answer by stating
that In Ltringstone’s works it wu uld that in
the interior or Africa could bo fonnd tho most
intensely critical people on earth in regard to
mechanism who could not pnt tho simplest
pieco of machinery together. Why did not
Kelley, as the father of tho Jiouso, propose
something instead of tearing down.
There wu a great dul of interest taken In
thodobate, and tho members crowding around
tbo speakers created so much confusion u to
call from Hr. Willis, of Kentucky, the sug
gestion that the house wu on a strike.
Mr.Foran,of Ohlo.wss no more opposed to tho
pending bill then he wu to drinking o glass
of inter. Both were harmless. Bnt it could
accomplish no good. There wu no more arbi
tration in this bill than flesh
on a doctor's skeleton. Tho labor
problem could not be settled by ar
bitration or by legislation. It wont beyond
legislation. The idea that congreu could in
one day solve a problem which had boon be
fore tho civilized world for agu and ages, wu
nonsense. It oould not bo done. Tho diffi
culty wu in the unjust distribution of wulth.
If, bylaw, wealth conld be distributed, some
thing conld bo done; bnt nothing could bo
dono by pasting arbitration laws. Just u
soon as men of wealth ware made to under
stand that their intonate demanded that their
neighbors should bo u happy and contented
u themselves, when they learned that
fact tho problem would be solved,
not before. Tho only war tho problem could
be solved sras for tho wealthy mon to conse
crate their lives to bettering the condition of
tho workingmen.
Mr. Hammond,
owned and never Intend:
stock in any transportation company, and had
no Interest In the matter except that which
wu common to every man in tho United
States. Ho sru opposed to the pending bill.
It had been characterised on tho other sido u
fraud. It proponed that when peo-
8 1c desired they might arbitrate, and
lie United Statu would pay tho expense.
Tbo laboring men of the country wore too
Intelligent to bo deceived by such a measure.
Congress wu uked to logislate to pay tha ex
penses of a tribunal, which tribunal conld havo
no Judgment or force, except through public
opinion. Thtsstatamont made thq propoaltlon
ridiculous. To crowd such a bill through the
house without thought or dobato, wu potter
ing with ono or the grandret subjects
that ever engaged the attention of tho house.
It had been said that onion thta bill sucoeed-
cd there would bo compulsory legislation by
tho United States. When oomputaoiy legisla
tion wu enacted to compel corporations to do
their duty to their employee, there must also
be provisions requiriog tabor to do Ita duty to
corporation*.
Mr. Woavor, of loirs, wu opposod to ail
legislation on tho question, because
it conld not, bo effective. Ills
remedy wonid be the regulation of interstate
commerce, and more currency. Thta labof
question wu purely and simply a question or
money. There were three robbort in tlio
country sucking np tho lut blood of honest
toll, the land monopoly, tho railroad monop
oly and money monopoly. Ho would uy to
tho laboring. men “strike not against Jay
GouJd, but against thou congressmen who are
dnmb to your interest when they come to tho
hcose.” The remedy wu through tho ballot
box.
Mr. Daniel, of Virginia, eritioised tha bill.
It wu u well to attempt to enre tho hurt
disease by putting a pieco of black sticking
I floater on tho top of a bald bead, u to remedy
abor troubles by tbo posaago of thta measure.
: tint tended towards arbitration wu
hg, but according to tho assertion of
tho public press, tho present controversy in
the west wu a controversy arising out of a
breach of ubltratlon, Ho aid not srant to
pass a law which gave free trade in quarreling.
Tho bill sras discussed by Mr.Glbson.of West
Virginia; Mr. Grain, of Tons; Mr. Dunn, of
Arksniu; Mr. Buchanan, of Now Jersey; Mr.
Worthington, of Illinois,- Mr. Fsrsaey, of
Michigan; Mr. Anderson, of Kansu; Hr. Os
born, of Pennsylvania; Hr. Long, of Massa
chusetts; Mr. Bound, of Pennsylvania; Mr.
Cannon, of Illinois, and others.
In cluing the debate, Mr. O'Ntlll, of Mis
souri, said that every compulsory law plaoed
on tbo statute books of any country had
proven a failure. The desired remit conld
only ho seenred by Conciliation. When pnbllo
opinion wu behind a measure it sras powerful.
Mr. Lowry, of Indiana, denied tho assertion
that the bill sru a trick and a frond, or that
it infringed upon any prortaloii of the consti
tution. Ho conceived that the commltteo bad
proceeded with the utmost caution and eir-
cnmeucctlon In framing tho moMoro. Tho
effect of tbo bill would bo to crystalize pnbllo
opinion. In htajudgmont, u sure u truth
sras omnipotent. Just so sure wonid corporate
bodies be compelled to yield to tho demands
wss aaeed.the growth of which would hero-
filer giro tho country’ trouble. It* Was tho
brsicning of a now jurisprudence. It was
:bo foundation of a now and indefinite
ai.d dangerous Jurisdiction. Itwu the crea-
!“? "J» novel, uncertain and indefinite tribu.
uai. It seemed to him that before congreu
“ (rave a Hep,more consideration should
“* F#,0 ? # ’ h ® du not believe
unhallowed .
Every step in that direction renewed tho
too common disposition of mankind to seek a
remedy for ail uimente in legislation. Instead
of finding some philosophic solution of tho
problems. He pleadod for a nobior manhood,
ampler liberty than that which wu found
within the statute book. In the name of la
bor. he protested against thta interference
with progress, and, deopoT than this, ho pro
tested against class legislation. Thore wu no
tabor, u a class, in this country. Lot not con
gress make this classification. Lot it not di
vide all Americans Into capital and labor; lot
It not draw a dividing line between
follow citizens. In the namo of all laboring
men he protested against the bill. The prob
lem sresheing solved day by day, hour by
hour. Tho time wu coming when capital ana
labor would And in tho participation of profit
the trite solution. Lot congress dtatribnte tho
burdens of onr civilization felly between la
bor and capital. Let it mako capital pay its
shsrc, Lot taxation bo reduced. “Thore are
no party tactics in thta bill,” he uld. “They
for whom yon took to logtalato will turn to
rend you when they take thta blU up, and
find that In fetnre it will proride a means by
which strikes can bo made pnntahablo by ar
rest, for voluntary arbitration will give place
to Involuntary arbitration. Involuntary arbi
tration will give place to federal jurisdiction,
and federal jnrtadlction will be held by capi
tal. They will find ont that It hu been a
nan tnd a sham worso than a sham, because
it hu been a delusion and a disaster. I want
to pnt on record that I stood here for true la
bor, the manhood of labor, tho dignity of la
bor, that only atki for a living ckanco in the
great battle of life.” [Applause.]
Mr. Hewitt, of New York, ula that arbitra
tion had of recent years been doveiopod u a
means for tho eqnltablo distribution or the pro
ceeds of labor, so u to reward evoiy man ac
cording to his deserts. Hta objection to th«
bill was that It would arrest the healthy
progreu which had been golngon. The profit-
sharing system, he said, sras tho final solution
of thta great question. Profit-sharing bad
coma into esteem In Great Britain, and wu
rapidly extending, and if we allowed our
workmen and cmployo* to como together in
tho same spirit, profit-sharing wonid occupy
field of 1 *
lnstry, and aftor
between capital
hoard of.
to profit-sharing
ion on tho part of
now, for the first
PHNUVwnllmental, Bandar school, "soody two.
shoes” party which appears desirous of ruling tho i
world not u God hu made it, but u they
would havo it. Under the fair gntae of liberty,
moderation, and public Integrity, ita tendency, Ir
not ita purpose, la to destroy (be manhood, the
omq^^ogu»^te^^^^umnsuttemun.
I'harbti-
virtuc of humility, and which
like all other hybrids, ilini
tics wbtt cant is to
pis to tbo divine vt
ultimately prove,
Ian unhappy ralitei
• of each parent. ■
Hhns term of
tbi* diluted
political ethic* forget that
MdjMkextreme part|u|||taa
courage, tlio
nc iiffivv atiuu uauuur.
ken sentiment, tho mam:
thectgerand zealous d*.
hu Infused, nHh all its rounbness, a spirit a
a >y into our political warfare. Wo know
other. Wo know where we may expect to And our
selves and onr opponents. We can calculate of
each other that, whatever or evil there may be,
there will he no deception, no hypocrisy, no pro-
Tho Labor Question. ,
Mr. O’Nelli, of Utaaonri, reported a bill pro
viding for tbo settlement of diffenneu be
tween common carriers engaged In intorjitate
comratree and their employee. Tha bill pro
vided that in such differences each party
•honld select and arbitrator and tha two so
chosen shonld select a third. LTbeso three
shonld havo power to hear and determine the
matters bronght, their award to bo final u to
the matter in controversy.
In opening the debate Mr. O’Neill said
that for the past two months, the oommitteo
on labor hu been engaged in draining every
avenue where there was any reasonable hope
of securing information u to some feuiolo
method consistent with the constitution and
the laws, that would provide a mode of settle
ment of the disastrous dispute dbetween capital
and labor. Tha committee bad decided that
the pending measure wu tbs beat. It area
simple arbitration. He know that thta wu
dtaappointing to many members; that than
sru a feeling in tha breast of many that this
was not wbat wu expected, but if they would
reflect they wonid realize that the first
thing to consider sras how far they conld reg
ulate disputes by an appeal to public opin
ion. If this method tailed, then he conld saa
lut ono other, and that wu tho strong am of
4. m. man,
Tha Regulator and Controller of Low Prices.
Will mall samples of all claraea of Dry Goods, and
payexprearega on all orders above; 110.00. Yon
will save aunty and get hotter variety to select
pom by writing os about what yoo srant and get
ting our sample*. Thslaigret stock in Atlanta and
the acknowledged lowest pries*. 48 and 41 White-
..it street. Atlanta. Ga.
direction; it sras a response to tho cry
tre*«; It wu a “ahlp ahoy" to sinking sailor*.
Let congress pnt this sign In tho hoavans u a
token to labor that it wonid not be alirayi
distressed, and that It wonid not always bs
subject to tho exactions of monopoly.
Mr. Foren, of Ohio, offered an amendment
to the first section, pro riding that if, on tbo
written proposition of either party to tbo con
troversy to submit tha difference to arbitra
tion, tha other party shall refuse, tbo party
submitting th# propoaltlon may reqnsst tho
Judgooftno United States district court to ap
point an arbitrator. He regarded tho bill In Ita
present shape u an entering svadga for tha en
actment of snch legislation In too fetnre as
would crush ont organized labor.
Mr. Willta, of Kentncky, expected to vote
for the bill. Its opponents agreed that it wu
a harmless measure, and then proceeded to
poor ont the vials of their wrath upon it.
They dononnoed It, they epltheted it, they
eallcd it a Troian horse, they callod ita fraud
and a trick. He believed that tha bill bad
soma meat in it. Ho tavorod It, not
berenso it wu harm lore, bat because
It took a forward step in settling
the greatest problem of tho ago. It wu a
problem of tho ages, on which had boon
founded the Freneh revolutions which bad
disturbed England and every country of the
Thta'hall bad bean callod th* andlsnoajiall of
tho nation. Ho had teen all tha monopolies of
th* country here, and when this organization
of Knights of labor came, though their voice
bo bnt a whisper, u this bill ins, for ono,
he would listen to and hoed it. A
few years ago tha tonnage of the rivers
and feneta and lakes of th* country had bean
twclvo million tons. Today four man in tho
onion held in their grasp and controlled four
timet that amount of tonnage. Thoso fear
men conld redact tho wage* of fifty thousand
men. Thau fear men engaged In their own In
terest coold control an aggregate capital
amounting to $200,000,000.
Mr. O'Neill, of Missouri, declared that tho
Knights of Labor wen in tavor of arbitration,
lie stood bore appealing for law, tor justice
and for right, for today the country sras al-
on the verge of a volcano. The peoplo
standing idle and suffering for food in
tbo west on account of th* strike, white con
stitutional cranks stood quibbling on tbo floor
of tht bouse. He appealed to the members to
strike ont ss much of tho
gives the board of arbitration nosrar to admin
ister oaths, etc. Ho said the effect of hta mo
tion wonid bate make tbs bill leas objectiona
ble on constitutional grounds. H* protested
against the pamageof the bill, believing that
it wu a grava, and might be dangerous mis
take. It sru the corner stone of s toper-
structure which wu to be erected upon It. It
the whole field
that no more
and labor wt
But arbitration
conld only como of
tho workmon, and ,
time, understood that thoy must perfect tholr
organization. Tbo grand muter of tho
Knights of labor had recently Issued a circa,
tar to bis subordinates, informing them that
ther were not to organise more assemblies
until they conld make those already organised
understand their rights and dutfos. What
workmen required sru a perfect understand.
Ing.
Mr. Lawless, of Illinois, declared that with
out wishing to bscomo communtatfo In his ut
terances, he wu freo to uy that if Jay Gonid
wu hung to a lamp-post in NowYorir,it
would be a blessing to the commnnity known -
u the United States. [Langbtor.1 The action
of Jay Gonid might cost hundreds and thou-
sands of live* throughout tho western state*.
The death of a man llko thta wu nothing
compared with what might occur If the diffi-
cullies were not settled In thoso states. Thera
was no sentimental basis in thta
matter. It wu Justice to tho
workman. There wu no harm in thta
hill, and tho dtaensaion of it had had a hoaithy
effect upon tho coohtry. It wu an honost
bill, anu if there wu anything wrong with it
congress could repeal it at any time.
Mr. Farqnhar, of New York, spoko u a rep
resentative of skilled la’,>or. Ho oould not aco
how akillcd unions wore in any sray interest
ed in thta bllL The membership of trades an
ions, Knights of Labor and labor unions, u
near as ho could learn, amounted a year ago to
800,000, Probably half of then belonged to
the great organized trades anions, twenty-ono
In number. Thta bill did net deal with that
clua of trades unions at all.
It simply dealt with the employes of tho rail-
reads and railroad corporations. But it wu
not for men like tha gentleman from Ohio
(Foren) and himself, who bad born* the brant
of battle of trade unionists, to put a straw In
the way of this bill.
Mr. Warner, of Mlisccrl, offered an amend
ment providing that members of tho tribunal
of arbitration shall receive tho compensation
of $10 per day for th* time actually employed;
Mr. Browne, of Indiana, offered an amend
ment to Warner’s amendment requiring the
br. Tillman, of South Carolina, offered an
amendment to Mr. Warner’s amendment pro-
onto!
of the treasury to darray the expenses of
single arbitration. If thta lam body, he
•OUJ, a thousand mitre away from the strikers,
war* afraid of them, what eould bo expoctcd
of three arbitrators in the presence of tha
strikers. They wonid summon ovary wit-'
ness the strikers suggested, and tho
strikers, when they got tired of
work wonid get ups circa* at government
[pens*.
Mr. Hewitt, of New York, moved to recom
mit the bill, with instruction to the commit
tee on labor, to report la lien thereof a con
current resolution exprresivc of the sense of
thta congress, that to tar as practicable all con
troversies between employer and employes
shonld U subject to arbitration, either hr
voluntary agreement cr In accordance with
law.
The motion wu lost—30,70, and the bill
was named—yeas, 195; nays, 29.
Following Is the ncimtlvc vote:
Allan, of Mississippi; Barnes, Belmont, Bennett,
Breckinridge, of Kcntnoky; Crisp, erosion, Da
vidson, of Alabama; Daniel Foren, Corey, Glover,
: laic, Hammond, Harris, Hemphill. MIL Hut' —
Irion, Jones, of All'
HfT, Retan,
and Tucker.
The Fan Klactrlo Investigation.
Washington, March 31.—Senator Harris, of
Tennessee, took the witness stand when the tele
phone Investigating committee inst today. Is*
wu allowed to make bis statement In his own man-
'‘Senator,” inquired the chairman,
WasiuNOTCN, April 3.—Indian Commis
sioner Atkina wu placed on the
wftncM stand when tho tolo*
phono investigating commltteo mot today.
Ilia story wu similar to that of Senator Har
ris yesterday. Of tha government suit
against the Hell company ho knew nothing
beyond what ha had scan in the papers, and
had never opened hia month daring tho pat-
dency of proceedings before tbs Interior de
partment, or th* department of Justice, to
any ont of the officers of thou departments
to say anything about tho telephone.
Mr. Oates—Did yon have anything to do
with securing the government counsel?
"No, sir," replied thtwttnere emphatically,
“I want tossy right here that I asked Young,
wh ol uw appearing In th* cast baton the in
terior dcpartmsnt, who b* appeared for. Said
I, do yon appear tor tha l’an Electric; ii that
company before thta department? He uld,
‘No, sir/ Bald I, who do yon appear for? Ho
mid, ‘be appeared for some gentleman of
Lontelana and Hemphta,’ and ho rather defi
antly remarked that he hsd a right, u an
American citizen, to petition tha gorernment
to bring init or cometUng of that kind.”
“ '. Eden Inquired if tho witness had ever
hta official connection to farther the In-
to rests of th* Pan-Electric eo.
"None on fare of God Almighty’s earth,”
[CoQUrmed on rum e
IHDISTIHCT PRINT