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THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA. GA.. TUESDAY AUGUST 31 1886
9
WOMAN’S KINGDOM
(This la the ledlea corner. They ere tovttM to
itpMi thelx opinion! herein—to me It m thcli
Sira. The editress will answer question* or aooept
ntceatlonswtth nleaaore.1
The Housekeeper's Song.
It is sweep, sweep, sweep,
Though you're done it sn hour before;
And It’s tcrub, 001110.801110
Table and chair and floor,
And you needn’t be weary a bit
To find your labor in vain;
It Is cook, cook, cook,
There’s meat and the
It is cook, cook, cook,
There’s pudding and pie to make.
The buttons are si ways dropping.
The stockings are ever to mend,
The men in tne Held to look after.
The childiea to wash and to tend.
And gather the golden wheat,
And get the price in his open him
And the price of labor is sweet.
It is work, work, work,
If the weather be cold or hot,
And this Is the worst of the trouble.
She hasn’t a shilling of gain,
And though she may scrub and clean to
She must do it tomorrow again I
Oh, wife, wife, wife!
Don’t woriy, and fret, and pout;
Ob. wife, wile, wife! ..
You are cross today, no doubt:
Tot yon know very well your labor
Isn’t done for a shilling or two;
Just think how happy you make us all,
Of the lore we give to you.
Oh. wife, wife, wifel
And the way we differ is clear:
The work you do is done by the day.
And mine is done by the year.
Order in our household ie a subject that
ought to interest every housekeeper. It need
sot be “sweep, sweep, sweep,* 1 or “scrub, scrub,
■crab,** if we manage sight. There is nothing
that eaves labor so much as system in our
work. I have been in many families where
but one member ever seomed to try and keep
things in order, and that usually was the
mother; each child would come in and throw
down hats, hooks, etc.; never stop on the door
mat long enough to remove the mud from their
shoes; then the father, who is not much better,
throws ovcicoat on one chair hat on another,
and if he haa time to read the paper, pulls
down five or six,scattering them over the floor
until he finds the one he wants, and as eoon as
be finishes, down that goes. And who but the
patient mother is expected to “straighten up;”
soon she ccmee and silently goes to her task,
no matter bow her back may ache and how
many step* she haa already taken ahe never
site down until the ha* restored order. I had
s letter from a gentleman sometime ago asking
my advice about his threo grown daughters;
he said ho wss a wldowor and had threo love
ly girls—-well educated, could sew, made their
own clothes, and could go 'n the kitchen and
cook if necessary; but what troubled him was
they kept their bed rooms in each fearful dls*
order, and ho wanted to know what ho must
do. I did not tell him, it was too late to do
anything, but I thought it, three young ladies
who were gTown and yet did not have suffi
cient pride to keep their rooms in order,
showed that the early training had been sadly
neglected. And there is where the trouble be*
• gins in our disorderly hones. If every child
was laught from infancy to be orderly and
each to do their part in assisting tho mother,
the work would be light and no ono member of
the family wtuld be overburdened. The men
« quire trailing at well aa children; I bolieve
wherever you see a real selfiah man he has
been made 10; first, by his mother, and after-
wards his wife; we ought to look to their com-
fort and do everything to mako their homes
happy, bnt if a woman commences wrong by
waiting on her husband constantly ahe will
end in rqaklng him selfish, for he will always
wait for her attentions; but ho can be trained
to do hie part towards an orderly household*
Thcro is no excuse for dirt or disorder, it la
really easier to keep home with system than
without it; if thero is “a place for everything
and everything in its place,” no time is lost
and instead of hunting for this or that article
and consuming precious momenta the work
goes on without a ripple. A friend saw
light my gas a few nights since with a taper I
keep for the purpose, and ahe said, “Ob; that
Is what I have wanted so long, I cannot reach
the gas and have to stand on a chair to light
it.” I looked at her wondoringly, for I knew
it wm not the cost of ths article, for ehe was
wealthy) and said, “well why don’t you get
one,” sod her reply was, “well I know I would
never be able to dnd it, for my servant would
never keep ife in any one plaoe; how do yon do?
I told her when I bought it i merely called my
servant and said, “now hero is a convenience
to save o> both trouble, I with it always to
stay in this cornel; when yon are done with it
never fail to put it thero and I will do the
aame,” and I have never found it once out of
place. And so it can be with brooms, dust
pans, dusting brushes, etc.; a servant toon
understands haw things must bo done if tho
mistress is poeitive. Servants should be given
time to keep their own rooms in order, teach
them to do It, and incite their pride abont
themselves and they will feel more as to yonr
work. A well regulated household ie so much
happier, no confuaion or complaining, even
children notice these things and comment on
them; as I once heard a cl I!d remark: “Well
I tell yon everything is hither •kithei 1 * at our
house.” What a commentary on a mother! JLefc
every housekeeper bear in mind that order in
her household Is the oil that cansea the ma
chinery to run smooths and successful for
each of its members.
On Canning Vegetables,
Every mail brings us letters from our correspon
dents asking questions on the subject of canning.
For the benefit of all who wish information on this
subject we give an excellent article from Good
House Keeping.
"Success in canning does not depend upon lock,
but upon strict attention to details, which although
seeming like the veriest trifles, cannot be disregsr-
To Can Corn.-Spilt the kernels lengthwise with
a knife, then scrape with thebtek of the knife,
thus leaving the hulls upon the cob. Fill cans
full of cut corn, preadng it in very hard. To press
the com in the can, use the small end of a potato
masher, as this will enter the can easily. It will
take from ten to a dozen large ears of corn to fill a
one quart can. When the cans are fell, screw cover
on with thumb and first finger; this will be tight
enough, thee place a cloth in the bottom of a wash
boiler to prevent breakage. On this put a layer of
cans in any position you prefer, over tne cans put
a layer or cloth, then slayer of cans. Fill the
boiler in this manner, then cover the cant well
with cold water, place the boiler on the fire, and
boll three hoars without ceasing. On steady boil-
Ing, depend* much of your success. After boiling
three hoar*, lilt the boiler from the fire, let the
water cool, then take the cans from the boiler and
tighten, let them remain until cold, then tighten
again. Wrap each can in brown p»per to exclude
the light, and keep in a cool dry cellar and be
veijr sure the rubber rings are not hardened by
t»e. The rings should be renewed every two
jeers. 1 would advise the beginner to nee new
rings entirely, for poor rings cause the lom of
canned fruit and vegetables In many cases. Yon
will observe that in canning corn the cans are not
wrapped in cloth nor heated; merely filled with
the cat corn. Ths corn In the cans will shrink
considerably in boiling, bat on no account open
them after canning.
To Can Peas.—Fill the can frill ol peat, shake the
can so they can be filled well. Yoa cannot press
Iht pm in the can aa you did the corn, but by ma
king tho cans they may be filled quite full. Pcor
into the cans enough cold water to fill to overflow
ing, then screw the cover tight as you can wi'h
your thumb ahd first finger end proceed exactly
as in canning corn.
8tilng Beans.—String and cut as for cooklnp,
then proceed as for peas. Shelled beans are also
canned the same. Do cot add salt, pepper, nor su
gar, to any of these vegetable*.
Tomatoes.—Tomatoes are canned -entirely differ
ent from corn or peas. Select Urge, solid, red to
matoes. 8cald, peel and cut in pieces. Stew in
their own Juice three-fourths of an hour, but do
not add salt, pepper or sugar. Prepare the cuts by
riming each can with warm water, then around
each can wrap a to well wrung out or hot or cold
water. Place a towel wrung out and folded ou the
stove hearth, or back part of the reservoir, or ou a
Uble. near the stove If the top of reservoir is not
convenient. Poor a ladleful of boiling tomatoes
into the cut. place the cover on a moment, then
remove and fill up with tomatoes rapidly as possi
ble. Fill the can to overflowing, beat top or the
can with a lork to break air bubbles, then screw on
the cover tight as possible. When filling the cans
have a clean broom straw, one end of it in the can,
the ether in your hand, and ea yoa pat the cover
on the ran for the last time, withdraw the straw.
When the cans are cold tighten again, then wrap
In brown paper, and keep In a cool cellar.
Tomatoes and Okra.-Prepare okra aa for cook
Ing, itew until lender and add no seasoning. Peel,
and cat up tomatoes, stew steadily half sn hour.
When the okra Is well cooked add to It the toma
toes. stew ten minutes longer, add no seasoning
and can the same as tomatoes alone. Add a little
water to stew okra.
I would Impress upon the housekeeper the fact
that snccess in canning depends greatly upou
what may seem tritles, toft, pliable rubber rings
for every can, wrapping the cans in paper to ex
clude Pght, steady boiling the specified time In the
case of corn, peas, etc., and if tomatoes, stirring
steadily as directed. If these directions are fol
lowed, yon may view yonr canned treasures with
confident expectation, for you will not be disap
pointed.
Canning fruit is not to difficult as corn or ness,
nor does it involve so much time or trouble. I
will give directions 'for canning different kinds of
fruit, alto for making Jama, joule?, preservos and
pickles if desired."
Fancy A? tides.
A Cheap Paper Rack.—Beg or buy at some fancy
goods shop a prttty handkerchief box, such as nice
handkerchiefs come in to the dealera They are
about twelve inches square and five eighths or
three quaitert of an inch deep. The covers of
these often are far more artlstlo in tbolr ornamen
tation than half the wall pictures and decorations
we see every day.
The bottom of the box forms the back, the cover
the front. Set the edge orthooackat the bottom
““ . ..... *“*““■ - fg.>
ides
potiteeachother; Through"there'neatly punched
holes draw ribbons and tie in bow*, there should
be three bows on each side; the sides coaid bo four
inches apart at the top. Silver or brass-headed
tacks will secure this simple wall-pocket against
the wall, where it will bo as "pretty as a picture."
Lamp Shades.—A Japanese parasol, with the
handle removed, and a hole cut in tho confer to
admit the chimney, makes a pretty lampshade.
This is not especially new, but is effective always.
The ribs of the parasol are finished with tassels of
tufied crewels.
Save tho Bits for Fancy's Sake.—A woman whom
I know always looks over closets, drawers, trunk*,
bags, and boxes before attacking the cleaning of
rooms (tklimisblng she calls it). While doing this,
if she cornea across any lace edging, black or white,
ribtoof. silk, pieces of cashmere, cambrlo or any
thing the think* may bo nsable for fancy or useful
work, It is put into a box kept for the purpose. At
some lehure time, tho box is looked over and
plans made for different articles which are Un
wind in due time. Thus many useful and orna
mental things liavo been made, and tho bottom of
the box is not yet vlrlbte.
An Easily Made Table Cover.—Tho model from
which this description Is taken, was large enough
to spread over a dlniug table between nnals, but
In any other size it would be equally pretty. Tho
center was heavy, scarlet, fhrnltnre, momle cloth.
The border was madeof red quality binding, asort
of braid which is used to bind the edges of carpet.
The momic cloth was hemmed all aronnd, ana in
to the hem four rows of open crochet were worked
with sttel-colo.ed Saxony yarn. Another row was
added, uniting tho first row of braid by piercing
the needle through it. On the other side of the
braid three rows of open doable croohet were
worked, a fourth connecting another row of braid.
The alternations or croohet -work and braid ware
oontinned until five rows of braid were annexed,
then, after the last three rows of crochet were ad
ded. a shell border was worked on in treble cro
chet The braid at the corners of the tablo cloth
was mitered to make It lie more smoothly, and
enough additional stltehes were pat In each row of
crochet to keep it from "hooping."
Correspondents.
A. H. Falconer, Bethany, Ala.-I see a notice in
yonr paper of "H. T. L.,” a young lady of urne ox
jerlenco in school teaching. We want a teaeho
R. B. Clarke, Gibson’s Station, N. C.—Pleas# ask
T. Y. L., In yonr paper' of August 3d, or any ono
else jou may know, who can give good references
Mrs. C. C. Herington, Calhoun, Ga.—I would like
to correspond with "Hattie," or any other lady
wlsbirg a home, either aa Instructor of children or
an atsbtant in domestic a flairs. Ono that under
stands music, preferred. Have a small family and
think 1 could make it pleasant for her.
Mrs. Lizzie Hamlctt, Ennis, Texas.—I see
Lemlo, Galveston, Texas, wishes ths names of some
one who would write short essays, for pay. If sho
Is familiar with the literature or her own state, she
will recognize my name, and you can refer her to
me end oblige.
Mattie F. Wooldridge, Jamestown, Ga.—I havo
long been a strong admirer of your paper, ei-
peclally the Woman’s Kingdom, but I have never
ventured to write before. I would like so m ich
to Join your happy band of sisters. Will yoa ad
mit into your charming circle. a country girl? We
ell think Tug constitution the best paper in the
loath and enjoy nothlLg, more than reading its
columns. I am making a crazy tidy and do
know the different stitches to be embroider*
it Will some of the sisters be so kind as to send
me a paper with all kinds of stitches on it,
Ida Mathews, Galls Rock, Pope Co., Ark.—Iam
a constant reader of your excellent paper; will you
adult me to write for the Woman’s Kingdom? I
paper. I am always so
xrage’s sermons. Bill Arp and Betsy Hamllt m’slet
ters. I live near tbo Arkansas river, about sev
enty-five miles above Little Kook. As I see so
many receipts from the ladles, I will send ono f r
a delicate cate: Whites of six eggs, sugar, two
caps, flour, three cups, batter, one cup, sweet milk,
cne half cap, baking powders, two teaspoo-ifol of
flavoring to taste. Best wishes for yonr paper.
Hattie Carroll, Concord, N. C. -I will take the
liberty of giving to Mrs. M. L. L, of Leecounty, Al
abama, a cure lor coughs. Make a strong tea of
dog fennel and drink three time* a day a wine
8. C. Will she please write first? Many wish** for
the success of Woman’s Kingdom.
Mix Avlce E. Birmingham, Ala.—I have never
seen in your excellent paper, a letter from this
place. Birmingham la improving rapidly, think it
well deserves the name of "Magic City." I will
gladly exchange samples of crochet trimming with
N. D., Salt Springs, Ga., for samples of her knit and
cn chet counterpane. She will please write, using
tbe abovsaddret* When the life work of tie edl-
n ot tbrWomsu's Kingdom to finished, may she
peaceful rest in the lair elytian above.
Mtud.-WUlenyofthe good sister* of Woman’s
Kingdrm be 10 kind Mtoanfet mo In seen ring a
situation as tesober, copyist, or private secretary?
Eds. —Will rome one of the sisters help a young
lady of two year’s experience to secure a music
clan lor the ensuing fall and winter, either In a
school or a private class? Good references can bo
S ven. The address can be obtained by writing to
e editress of Woman’s Kingdom. 1 bsva been a
faithful reader of your paper since I was quite a
child, and would feel lost without 1L How I do
en joy reading the ladies’ comer.
F. M. Shields, Coop wood, Kiss.—I tee an adver
tisement over ' X. Y. L., in your paper of Anguet
3d., wanting a situation aa teacher, etc. Please
ray to the party that I am axtous to get a lad7 to
assist me in teaching school. I also need one in
my family. I desire to correspond with the above
person.
Mrs. E. Webb, Kellyfon, Ala.-PIeaae allow me
a short space in yonr valuable columns. I saw in
Woman's Kingdom of 20th of July, a letter from
"Hattie." desiring a borne In some good family.
Would like to correspond with her. Hope she is
the one I bare been long ’"*•*—**“ “* *■
children. Please send m
wishes fertile Kingdom.
Note .—Have no address bnt the one given In the
paper.
Miss 8. E. Harrell, Warrenton, Ga.—I feel that I
have been so much benefittel by the Woman’
Kingdom this year that I desire to express many
thanks to the man;
information. MncL
little more. Will some one please give me, through
S oar columns, a rood receipt for making muses-
inewlne. My many dearalstera, though wo are
unknown to each other in the flesh, let us thank
God that wo have a way of communicating with
each other and thereby, doing so much good. I
have one more request to make; that to. let us re
member etch other at the throne of grace.
Sarah E. Gunn, Garvin, Texas.—I have long been
a silent admirer of Woman's Kingdom. 1 am a
feimer’s wife, have been married almost two years,
have one little girl eight months old. Ltoste Dell
touched a fender cord in many a heart when sho
said sho was motherleo. Neither have I any mem
ory of a mother norever had a sister. Few indeed,
that are surrounded with a good mother and loving
sisters that can understand what it is to be denied
inch blessings; no one to go to for advice, no one
to Rlvo a word of comfort, though the heart were
brt aklng. 1 will love any child on earth that has
no mother. One of the sitters ask for a receipt for
canning tomatoes. I copy one from Texas Fi
and Rancho.
Note.—We have already published a reoelpe for
canning tomatoes.
Mrs. O. A. Thompson. Blackwater, Fla.—My mar
tied daughter, who has threo small ohlldran,
wishes to find a young lady fifteen-years or over, of
girl as her husband to away from home a good
part of the time. For the right sort of a girl, who
comes willing to help her all sheoan. Ido not
know of abetter chance. If you can help me to
find such a girl, I shall thank you very much.
Mrs. M. E. Patrick, Monticello, Ark.—Having de
rived 10 mash benefit and pleasure from your paper
snd especially Woman’s Kingdom, I cannot refrain
any longer from writing a few lines. I am alarm-
R i*s wife, have four children, and like many other
irmer’s wives, have my bands Mil from morning
until night, snd then sco unfinished work. But
our domestic affairs are nothing compared to tho
g reat work we should do for the Master with H‘
elp and guldanco It will be a pleasure, and not
burden, to teach our children, not only to become
useful member* of society, but to 107eJesnsand
follow In Ilia footstep*. Are tho letfera for thtode-
raitmc * *“ * ~
bow dJi
reeled?
Answer :-Lettera to Woman’s Kingdom are ad
dressed to "Woman’s Kingdom," Constitution of
fice, Atlsnta; letters to Children’s department, to
"Annt Susie," Constitution office.
laura J. noward, Morganton, N. C.—Will you al
low me a small ipaco In your valuable column? 1
want to thank the alsters of Woman's Kingdom tor
their many valuable receipts given. Hero to a re
ceipt for sweet pickle peaches. To every thirteen
pounds of fruit use six pounds of sugar snd two
quarts of vinegar; put sugar and vinegar on tho fire,
let come to a boil and pour over the fruit; this, do
nlno mornings In succession, then add cloves, cin
namon, or other rplcet to suit taste. I have flower
wed to exchange. 1 have zinnias, sweet-william?,
touch me-rot?, all colors, pinks, pntunlas, all co
or?, tun flowers, double ornamental orange, stand
Ing cypress, balsam cucumber and chenrweran •
urn. Will exchange tor any kind ot box flowers or
any other kind ot flower seed.
Miss M. E. Mead; Valley Mills. Tex.—Among
many others,!.am an admirer of the Woman’s King 1
dom, and have not summoned oourage enough to'
express my thoughts until now. Iam afarm'rT
daughter, and the Kingdom to a great help to me,
by Us many practical suggestions. I live in Mc
Lennan county four miles from the thriving little
town of Valley Mills. Three years since, we moved
from my native state, Tennessee, and am highly
pleated with my home in the lone star state. I
would bo pleased very much if some one will ex
change crochet patterns with me, especially tho
rote leaf lacc.
Mrs. Kate Parks, Estelle, Dallas Co., Tex.-I havo
been a reader of your paper several months and I
like It splendid, and will try to prove the same by
renewing my subscription when my time expires.
1 have gained a great deal or useful Information
from Woman’s ‘
more than the , rr . w
our editress in August 10th', regarding the duty o'f
mothers in training their children and teaching
them good manners. I am trying to fill tbo very
ropinrlble petition of step mother to three little
tlrh aged ten, sight snd six years, and mvgreat-
eat de*lie to to five them the proper training and
Instruction wbllo young, so that they may be r ‘
and uiefril member* of *odety. I wish some ol
opiclou, to far as step-mothers are couccrncu.
tulr first object should be to gain tho affection ant
confidence ortho children, then use kindness ant
firmness in abont eqnal proportions snd thcro will
be t o trouble, provided the parents bars the re
spect snd affection for each other that they should
Lave, lhave written enough for my first letter.
H. A., Quitman, Ga —I’m so much pleased with
our comer of the paper, and the ladles are allowed
to commnnlcate so freely through its columns un
til it seems almost like a family circle I saw in
ono of the last papers that one of the sisters wanted
to know If some one would write short essays for
ray. 1 would be glad il she would be so kind as
to write to me, and fell upon wbatRtjle, what sub
jects, snd also for what purpose she wants them
written? I’m not su expert at tho business, but
still I would be glad If she would give me a trial.
The ladles are so kind about giving hints to each
other abont general Improvement. You don’t
know how we. who live In the conntry grasp at
Mts. A. A» Parker, Jackson, Clarke county, Ala.—
I wish to get aoompanlonend help. I wish to
get a tody to live with me who to willing to cook
milk, clean up the house and wait on me. The
hcuic to conveniently arranged and to comfortable.
The work Is not bard. 1 have bean doing It for
several years. We are hnt two in family. My bus-
band’s farm is some distance from home, he to
gone ell day and I am alone. I’ve been confined
to my bed three months; cannot wait on myself.
A lady who to willing to do the work can get a
comfortable home and support as long as I live,
will you plcste publish my letter et once? I wish
to get some one as quickly as possiqle. We live In
a villain, have church and Sunday school conven
ient tothe boat. I answered two letters in your
paper of ladles who wished homes, but I received
no replies.
Mrs. F. A. Anderson, Cornucopia, Ga.—I am a
regular reader or yenr paper, snd next to my Bible
I estimate it for the promulgation end dissemina
tion of truth, temperance and virtuo. Lika Mia
A., of Jasper county, I read Dr. Talmage’s sermons
on the Sabbath. BlllArp’i letters are ao timely,
dout doing a vast amount of good. Read atten
tively Dr. Talmadgc’s sermons, Bill Arp’s letter*,
K ruse with care, advocate temperapee until vie*
■j to your, keep out of lottery, ana If you have
money to spare rensw your subscription to The
constitution, and buy good books and read them,
snd give to the poor that the Lord may bless you
May you live until veu can sea your Weeklx In
every home in this broad land of ours.
Devoted Header.-1 have been working for a
newspaper this year, but am now rusticating so as
to be refreshed by October, when lexpect to b;gtn
battling with the world again. I liked my occu
pation vrry well, but there are other occupations
which are much more desirable than mine was.
As others have ceiled upon ths readers for a poli
tic n, I will do the same. I would like to teach a
school in a nice locality or keep books for a live
thriving firm. Now can not I receive aid from the
readers in securing eithsr of these positions? Ad
dress "Devoted Reader, to editress Woman’s King
dom, which will be forwarded to me.
Mrs, Carrie Lyle. Cash, Scots county, Iftoa.-
Thera to so much that to uaefol, interesting and
comforting, in the Kingdom, which I appreciate
more than I can fell. Am so glad to see the sis
ters, north snd sooth, east and west, so ready to
answer rails for aaststanco, with help, sympaihv
and comfort, snd am sure our kind editress 1
y. New York CUy, N. Y.," is ths Dost
L ..u,. fue I know, cored several whom I
know, myself included, after ten years. A tea
me de of tne inside bark oflycamore or sweet gom
snd mullfcn to excellent for a cough, if "Hattie,"
who to all alone in the world end wishes a boars
as honrekeeper. will write to Mr*, Carrie Lyle,
Cash, Bcott county Mias. 8be may floTittohor
aifvaafiM Alan lha tnilll* "ClIltOQ, llUl."
the iMdnmr
Dyrpepela io it. wont form, will yield to
the ufe or Cartea’a Littlo Non# Pill, aided by
Carter's Little Liver Pill* They not ooly re-
lie to present distress bnt >tren,thea the
stomach end di,retire spynrata*
FOR THE YOUNG FOLKS.
Fob for the Children—The Constitution's
Training School for Boys and Girin.
Correspondence.
Lillian Harper, Annovcr, Ark.—I am a Uttle girl
nine years old. I wish some of the cousins woult
write to me. I havo three slaters and one black
eyed brother, which to a great pet. Wo have so
many nice watermelons and peachos; how I wish
that you were here to help us eat them. My father
Ola M. Vaughn, Locust Grove, Ga.—I do enjoy
reading your instructive letters so much I thought
I would write you a short one, if you would take in
a little girl fourteen years of age. Papa takes your
paper and thinks it a good one. I am going to
reboot to a nlcf>choolteacber; I have seven stud ie*.
I haven’t any pets except a cat, Its namo to Susie.
1 have seven brothers and one lister.
Maggie Smith, Oak Grove, Ga.-I was thirteen
years old the 27th of July. I havo one sister and
twe brothers. My papa died when I was Just six
years old. I am going to sohool to a nice teacher.
We take yonr paper and like it very much, but like
tbe'.Yomig tolas" beat of All. I have no pets
except a pig named Charley.
Ilattlc Stokes, West Harpeth, Tenn.-My ago is
between fen and twelve now; I want to know
which one of the coniine are going to toil me how
old I am. My school wss out in June and will
commence again In September. I sm taking mtitio
and have a very fine teacher. I will fell you about
my home tho next time I write.
Nora Morris, Bowdon, Ga.—I am a little girl
twelve years of age; I can do many Important
things; I can cook, wash dishes, milk, sow on tho
machine, crochet many kinds of trimming. Our
school will commenco soon. I am going to spond
a few days vacation with my sister, who is Reach
ing music in Roopvlllo. Tho subject Jif my com
mencement speech to Brier Roso.
Robert M. Saunders, Abbeville, Ala,—1 am a
little boy nearly eight years old. I havo been go
ing to school, but we have vacation now; I study
geography, dictionary, arithmetic and am reading
in the dlth reader. lhave two brothers younger
tbanmyielf. i send you ono of my cards for your
scrapbook.
Alma Truricll, White Plains, Ala.—I commenced
Christmas day to read through tho Bible and havo
got as far as Daniel; I am going to keep on till
retd through both tho Old and New Testament;
havo also read through Bunyon’aPilgrims Progress
twice, once last year and once this year; I also find
time to read The Constitution 0very week, besides
helping my sister, with whom I am staying this
year; do all of her domestic work and havo knit
ever to much lace too. I tend you one of my cards
for your scrap book.
Etna Ezzard, Gumming, Ga.—I am a little girl
nine years old; I have three brothers and twelvo
aunts and sixty cousins in tho country. Aunt 8u tie,
you are the only aunt I have In Atlanta; I would
like to see yon and your fktnlly of oouaini; can't
jcu come to the Holbrook campmectlng the third
Bu.dsy In August? I hope you will Joomo and lei
me stemy thirteen aunts all happy.
Liberty, N. C.-I am a littlo girl twelve yoar* old
and weigh 107 pouuds. My father to a manufac-
tmer; my brother takes Tin Constitution and
likes it very well. I have no pots except a little
kitten named AuntSuslo; I named her after you.
hsvcfenr sisters and four brothers living. 11
mo her to dead, but I havo a stepmother. I ha\„
t tl*n r and brother dead. Aunt Susie, please send
me 3 our photograph.
Herbert L. Walker, Shellman, Gs.—Will you ad
mit a south Georgia boy into your charming clrclo
of girls and boys. I sm in my teens, stand six feet
In my bools snd weigh 163 pound*. My father takes
The Constitution snd like to read It vory much,
especially tho Young Folks’ column. 1 have no
brother, but one slater and she to married. We are
having plenty of rain and crops are fine. I would
like to correspond with somo of tho cousins.
Tennie C. Wilkin*, Crawford, Ga.—I am a littlo
girl deven years old. I like to read tho Woman’s
KlD|dom and the cousins' letfera very muoh. My
papa to a farmer and a merchant. I have been go-
iugjaepheol bnt have vacation now; I have seven
Hike to correspond with Annlo
Gs.; wish she would write first.
Ab Wilkins, Crawford, Ga.—I do not go to aohool
now; I sm taking mnslo lessons from my sister. My
father to a farmer, lhave tony-four goats and a
pretty calf named BUI Arp.
Bartowe Ethredgo, Mlmsvlilc, Ga.—I am a boy
fourteen years old and thought I would write to
you. 1 want to Join in with the cousins so loan
call you Aunt Huslo. I havo one brother and two
sisters younger than myself. We have a little pet
shepheid dog, Its nemo is Gordon. My papa to a
cripple confederate r ^' ■* * c
all the time snd 1 hi
school when 1 can.
Emmett Gibson, Gabbctt, Ala.-My father to a
farmer and lives directly on the railroad that runs
from Atlanta to Montgomery. My littlo brother
Cland and myself go to school dally. Wo tako the
grand old Constitution, and I love very much to
read every week the letters of my little cousin?,
also the good advice you give to us. Dear Annt
Susie, 1 send you with my lovo a card for your
scrap book,
Faille Matthews, Cowan, Tonn.—I am a country
girl between thirteen and sixteen, I will Join In
a ltb Florence B. Harper the first of August to read
the New Testament through. I will correspond
a Ub Joe Bridges If he will write first. Aunt dusle,
my dear mother to dead, but I have a good stop-
—.* «. *- —, an( j mjr other slater and
Londle Paco, Newton, Mias.—Will you permit a
little girl twelvo years old to Join your happy
circle? I am living with my grandma and grandpa;
mama to dead; papa lives a hundred miles from
here. 1 have a good stepmother and three half
•Ultra and brothers, which 1 lovo dearly; I visit
Tode Osburn Wllron, Hemphill, Ga.—Please ad<
mit an orphan cousin Into your mystic circle. 1
am a little girl living with my Uncle John and
Aunt Lucinda Williams; they are farming this
year; they have two chubby little boys. We get
The Constitution from Mrs Alloe W—; I think
Uncle John will subscribe soon. Aunt 8tuio, do
my darling dead mother.
uim * umwa
on Tou uu JuH Uks
Mamie Bell, Y.rrcilton, Texas.—I bar, been to a
picnic thla neck, a political one, aa tbe candidal*
will aoen out number tbavotara If the, don't nop
coming mb Am tbo men all getting buy or am
they aibamad to be a "fairnot;” t am glad my papa
bona or I woeld notbaaofrao. I mtiMleU you ot
a cake mama lot mo mako; II b called tbe Carolina
nil, and ibat bona namo I Ilka lt;al|bt ana
on.Ublrspconfulof.od^fl.Tor to taito. I bop.
lom. of tbo con.ln. will try It too. The weather It
yety warm ban now, bat cropa an growing dnely;
?£:' , ui*.fSo u LS. , Mr ‘ ,p ~ lmen u,r8i “
Llula Willey, Balia Plaint, lowa.-I am a
laimei'a daughter and Ilka to Ilya on tho Harm. I
can do almou anything that my mother wbbeam*
to da Your lolten era real nice and Intonating,
andberUes an very good adrloo. Vy age b
twelve yean. We hare a nice BebbttbiCbool here
which 1 attend. I ban not been toaeboolthb
rnmmer becauee my health would notallow It, bnt
I practice writing and rome other itndlea at home,
rotbatl will not be behind, for I Ion my book,
end mm* and mean to try to art a good educa
tion.
Birdie end EMclICDean, 8bellman, Ca.—Wo a-e
Uriel, tweln and un yean old; lire jort within
tbe Incorporation; tho can mn within eighty feet
of ocr door, It ta very plrwant to llreeloro to tbo
railroad. Papa I. a femur ana baa a btantimi
orchard of Ut LeCaoto peart and haa abont fifty
mom that be will rot onfUib fall. Papa take. Tun
COMTlTtmow, w* think it b Jort aplandid Mama
think, tb. Woman'. Kingdom b tbo gnatmt thing
cot. AnntBuib.I wbh waconld feud yoaaome
oKor nice groper.
LUley E. Allen, Dabhmega, 0«.—I ban been
wanting to writ* lo yon * long time, bnt Iron boon
prevented nntll now. I am fourteen yean old and
weigh ninety'll! pound,. College will commence
In Kcptember end I will .tart then. I Un In Ceor-
R ta now, bnt I waa born In South Carolina. Wo
•to been living In Georgia four yeara. 1 Ilk. to
Itv. her. very much. 1 would like to ccrrenpjnd
wt'b Iconic Terrell, Cedar Grove, If. Cl I ahe
wcoldpleare write Bnt; hope the wit; lee tbia Jet-
urandatuwerMoo.
Bedov Hyde, Moyle., Aadenoo County. 8. c.—
Will you pku. allow roe ipace in tbb corner lo
lelttMCOsilnatbitlajnvrrrmoeb lntererteo In
their letter., and alio to tell them that tbo eaalert
way to root capo Jarmlnea b to ttke a flower,with a
item to It of courw, put it In a bottle ot water and
It will toon put out tiny littlo roots when, you can
remove It to tbe flower garden where It will grow
nicely with very little trouble. I am very rond of
flowere of all klnda, but lika Jasmine! and roaei
belter than annual!. Aunt Buile, do you know bow
to mako bo«i out of noto paper In which you can
make rngar candy? If yon do not I will lend you
ono and you can tell the children bow to make
them. My ilitei’a children an very much pleased
when they ko It cooking on coals and tboy won*
der why the box doesn't burn. I am piecing a
very pretty quilt. I am very fond of fanoy work
ana will exchange crochet, darnnetto and rlckrack
with some one for pictures for a scrap book. 1 lovo
to read very much. Wo bave a large library and
take a gcod many papers. You don’t know how
disappointed no are when tbo river gota up an 1
our mall b delayed. I am very eorry for little
Mattie W., hope rbo will bo bolter soon. I aond
you a card for yonr Kran book. I wbh yon would
<cnd mo vour picture. 1 hopemy letter Is directed
right. Ono or my Utile frlendi wroto to you, but
office.
Note —I do not know bow to make the boxeaand
would like you to tell mo. Your letter b vory
neatly written.
Mamlo Vick, Ocala, Fla—1 am glad that yon aro
•o kind aa to pnbllih all tbo nicely written letlen.
I will do my boat to giro yon aa littlo trouble aa
pcaalble. I am a little girl, S yeara old Live on
great lake Apopka I help mamado all bor bon re
work. I study at homo. I read In the Finn
Header. Bluer Ollio, 0 yean old, b In the Third.
Bend mo jour card for myicrap book, Lovo to all
tho cousins.
Nora Fleetwood, Denaon, I’rlnoo George oounty,
Va—My ball brother and brother-in-law tako
your Intcrcitlng paper, and aa 1 havo aeon aofew
lettera from thb county, I have ventured towrtlo
ono to dear Aunt Suite and my aweet little oonslna.
I liavejurtrntered 14. 1 will toll tbo little coualna
what a nice tlmo I bad aomo time ago. My great-
uncle came to ace ua. Wo bail not aoon him for
over a year. He took mo home with htm to his
fatm In Ihb state, and lent round and Invited tbo
Uttle glib of tho neighborhood, and aoon oollectod
a nice littlo crowd. Wo want Ibhin*, and caught
thirty nice fish. Ho had a nice supper prepared
for ua, and lent to tho atom and bonght candy and
nut* Mr* Well* his agent'e wife, eame over and
snpcrinleneed tho dreaslog of the table, and every
thing was good and protly. We saw his floor lost,
and hla mill grinding and bolting flour and taw
ing plank. Alter Undo Will had played us all out
ol onr wits he settled down to hb paper.
Dear Aunt Susie, waa ho not good?
Alim Redlngfleld. Oxford, Fla-I am a little
boy, 0 yeara old. I havo no alatera or brother, to
play with. 1 lire In tbo conntry, among tbo orange
trees, stbleb I think are besuttflil. Mima takes
Tin CovantimoM, and wo like U vory muoh.
Baillda Dewell,Cusiet* Ga—As I havo an oppor
tunity 1 bellovo I will write to tho Young Folks'
column. I do enjoy reading Tin Cossnnmox
ever to much, especially tbo Woman's Kingdom. I
am always anxloua to get the mall. Fapa takes
thieopapero, i llko Tun Coxirmirion tha bsit.
l’apaba farmor. I hare three brothers and two
liner. We hero pnacting every Sunday except
theircnml. lam very much pleased with Aunt
flutle'e letter; they are so sweet and we thank you
veiy much for the Intemtl you take In the young
proplo. Wo will cherish the names or Mil Arp and
IlcUy Hamilton alter they are dead and gone to tho
•wrttbteaudbyo. Will some one aond me tbe
long "Annie Laura," and "I will bo all amliea to
night;" 1 will thank them so much.
Jliemlo Thornton, Cheudlcn Springs. Ala I am
ten yean old; havo ono brother. My fatbor b agent
for your paper. Our home la at Oood Water on tho
0. and W. railroad; we aro staying at thb beautiful
placo lor father's health,roaro a grcnijmany people
from dlflr rent parts of tho slate; father alwayi asks
them If they take Tua COksTisTUTtiM; If they do
r ot ha gives them a copy. Wbat a beautiful pl.se j
Ibis Is lor sick people; wish thoy would all ootno
btro and gst well and tako Tua CoasiiTirrioii and
go home rejoicing.
Eugene B. Humph, Altoona, Fla-I cannot fore
go tho pleasnre any longer ol asking to beoomo a
nephew of the good and noble Audi Bulla. You
were Just splendid to help that boy bny bb gun; I
know how he appreciated II;
'rider,land keep tbo table i
Amorg the plnea yon And e
wild hammockaannlnataere,... .
les In ibo crescent of like King and b as .
a picture, My brother and I paddle our own oeooo
without fear, as we are pretty good iwlmmora,
J'apa gave ns the strawberry patch after It dldo’l
pay lo ablp and we roado ti n dollars, Wa are
saving weiaimelon seed (our finest) and will ex-
change w llh any of the oonslna. Iam twolro yeara
old. I havo two brother! and ono sister. 8i
to Tua Cohstitutiox.
Emma Clement, Vlllanow, Ga—I am a conntry
girl fourteen yean old; the only child at home. I
live very lonesome; when not otborwlyo employed
I spend my tlmo practlclrgon my orgen. I am go
ing to school; havo aoven studies; lore my leaohtr
very much.
F.vle Blmpron, Rockmart. Ga—1 am a lltlle girl
fourteen yearsold. I am going to school; I am
learning very fait; 1 like my teaoher bnt ol any I
ever sirnt ta
Dora Harrell, Toombeboro, Ga—I am a little
country glrl;l live with my paranb In onr peaceful
little homo bear the Oconee rivar. My father be
br ekr eper and relata a great deal of honey. I havo
two alilere and ono biolber; 1 am tbe oldest and
bave agroatdtalofwotkto do about tbo house.
Ireee Dowling, Brookavlllo, Mba.—Will yon ad<
mlt a littlo girl t!even yeara of age In your happy
circle? Ibavo two pot kllteni. Iam going to
vltlt my aunt next week, who Uvea lo Alabama
Emma Kcown, Gordon Springs, 0*-I am a llltl*
girl yet lo my teen* My fattier b a farmer and I
havo been hb housekeeper for over two yesra, as
nty mother la dead and I am tba eldest girl at
Donor Krmp-I bavo written two letters to yon
tbat bare not boon printed, Do you think more of
yonr distant nieces than yon do of tba littlo ones
Ibat llvaa lo Joining conntlea? I won tho prise last
year at school of about forty aeholan—a nloa self.
Instructor of penmanship; to bave honor or a ptbo
b a big thing for a little girl.
EdgarandOacar Hay* Lewiston, Ala—4a wa
have never seen any lettera from hoys In thb part
of tho Alabama wa Ihonght we would like to Join
yourclrcle. lit a CoxntTvnoii be regular vbltor
to onr bouse, papa and mama Ilka It so much. Wa
are going to sohool; like onr teacher very mac?
Wo have a nlco shepherd dog, lb namo b Buler.
Arthur T. Ernest, Jonesboro, Tenn.—'Wo take
yonr paper, and 1 Ilka to road tho Utters of tbe
yonng folk*; I road Matila Waogh'e letter and waa
Interested, aa my oldaat brother married her abler
two ytan ago. Ny abler In law hag been (pending
tha anmnter with ns; aba baa tba asraeteat lltttlo
boyavearold, bnt ha has not a name that wo like,
for bb name b Knott; what do you think of that
for a name. 1 Inclose my card.
Kale Janklna, Altoona, Fla-I am a littlo girl
ntato yaanoldiwaa barn In Boiler,Ua, on Baiter
Sunday, tba 1st of April, 1877. My brother takes
The Cottarmriiow, and wa all enjoy reading tt
very much; I always Inm to tba childrens' column
Ute Ant thing.
Minnie Bryson. Orage, Col.—I will ba ten yeera
old my next birthday. Igotoachool throe mllea
on horseback. My mama and papa wen robed In
Georgia My father b a farmer and Mock-reiser.
Amy E. Daniel), Orange Co., Floride.-I am a
little girl tweln years old and lovo to read tba
childrens' lettera very orach. 1 bars two little
listers and two little brothers. I bay# a grandma
In Georgia and ono in Florida
Wallace Wood, Talladega, Ala -I am nine yeara
old; am not going to reboot now. but will suit
aaainreoo. My father b aherlOT of Talladega
ccunlr and takes Thb I'osniTtmox, and I aejoy
reading tbe Yeung Folka' column vory mueb.
Fannie M. Hall. Camps, Ga—1 ban bean read
ing tba 1 nlc coualna’ lettera. Fapa b an engineer
and bs takes yonr valnahlo paper and Uka it vary
mueb. lbsnnopet* Wa hart vacation now.
tavo two littlo alatera. I can crochet trimming;
ulp mama and grandma row.
Essie L. Gamble, Cedar Springs, Oa-Iama
little girl tan yean old. 1 can aow and ulp mama
In bee domeallc affairs. 1 ban several pels, one
pet cat, one Utile noodle dog, a calf and a baby
brother. Igotonri>?»ib>chonlerrrv8aodavand
bavo a good Cbrtsuau teaetwr that I lore with all
my heart, for ibe b a good councler.
Thomas I. Enright, While Sulphur dprittga. Ga —
i ams LouUlssa b^y twelve years old: lira Intke
beauUfol pine woods, wham wo are healthy, and I
she haa no servant, roan cook and do a good deal
to help hot; I make good blreult and bauorcakea;
don’tromoofthogirls want my reolDOi? Ibavo
no listers, but ban two brothers, one ton yean Ola
and the baby named Hugh eleven months old.
Ophelia Combs, Oak, Grove, Oa —Fapa takes
Tire Constitution, and thinks It b a splendid
paper. 1 am nearly reventeen yean old, but ant
smart for my age. I bave five listers and three
brothers. I am going lo school and like It very
much;l bavo revenlitndlea We bavo taken off
3?0 little chickens and 21 little gotllngi this year
and all of tho Uttle goslings died but thirteen.
Venom Davidson, Warrior, Ala—1 ask admit
tance In to tho Young Folks’ column. I am a Uttle
girl ten yean of age: wo 11 vo just a half milo from
tho Warrior river; I like to go down thero and Ash.
I do not go toschool now, hut I trill atari the lsth
of tbb month. My papa takes your valuable paper
and thinks It b the best paper that we take; I don’t
see bow 1 could live without IL I like to road tho
Young Folks' column. Bill Arp aud Beby Hamil
ton's lettera better than any other part of tne paper,
I will send you aomo flowers for yonr acrop book.
Mary Under Autry, Baggett, Ala —I am a llttid
girl six fears old last June and weigh IJpoandr;
I like lo read tbo letters from tbo littlo cousin* I
have four brother! and ono stater, two of them are
twin* Papa b a farmer and likes to read Tne
CoNnnuviox ao much. I bare platted me up*
quilt with Milan In Hand knltmeapalrofstoak-
logs; who oau beat this of my age’
Eva Williams, Wrlghtsboro, Qa—I am a littlo
ilrl eight yoan old, and tbo only girl papa and
mama baa. Aunt Susie, don't think 1 am spoiled,
for I don't think I am. Wo bavo one J. U. c mlon
at our houre, bob two weeks old; wo mako hb
namo ringallorer tbo tone, for wo Uko tbo namo
of Gordon. 1 never went to school nntll last year.
1 read tbo Woman's Kingdom and Grandpa Arp's
pieces; I call him grandpa because utno are dead
and 1 think bo lovea children.
Florence M. Humphrey, Antioch, Ga—I ams
littlo girl twelvo yeara old. I bavo boon going to
school but do not go now; I stay at home and help
mama 1 bare no pets but a dear little sister
name Knla May; ibe baa goldan hair and btuo
eye* My papa tangent for tbe deer old Constitu
tion; wa don't think wo ooold do without IL Annt
Buile, Iwbh you could bo here to help us eat
watermelon* they are ao nice. With muoh loro tor
you and tho coualna 1 will dole.
Vara Foster, Crawford. Ala-1 have written ono
or two lettera, and aa they bavo never been pub
lished I am feeling very mueb disappointed. 1 am
not going lo aohool now; been ont several weeks on
account of my abler being lick, bnt she lanowoon-
valcscent. Wo aro having quite a Jolly tlmo at
homo tbb week: have relatives visiting oa from
Georgia; gueaa tboy will bo with ua several weeks
and am expectlog several other Mend* 1 solicit
correspondence wlto some of tho cousins thirteen
yean of ago.
Lottie E. Pyo, Cork.Ga.-I am right yeara old; I
go to school; I am In tho acoond reader; my teacher
baladfillovohcr very much. My father b a
fanner; bo takes your paper; I lore to read tbo
cousins'letter* I hare two llula kittens for pet*
I had a aweet little shirr, hnt she died last summer,
1 hare two brothers. 1 help mama oook; I mads a
cake and baked It by myself: mama told mo botr
papa raid It was very nlcn. 1 will send you my
cud and somo pressed flower*
D. H. Bslloy, Pittsburg, Texas.—I am not going
to sohool now but am going to a writing school be
fore long. 1 would like to correspond with any of
the cousins, especially Uenry K. Dickson or aomo
other Florida bny or alrl. I am a dam icrat at
heart and hope Uto democrats will ever ho vio-
torlou*
Mary Wooldridge ami Addlo Fennell, Horn Lake,
Mbs.—Wo am two dear friends and echo dmatca;
wo live twelve miles from Mtmphbou the M, and
T, railroad, Wa go tu sohool. Wo help ont
mothers do tbe housework; wo oan embroider,'
make ricknck crochet, knltlaoe; wo can doa great
deal more. We have some very pretty peb. canary
bird* poodle dogs and plgaona; wa would llko ta
exchangcpeUwllhsomeortbocousIna. Wa aond
you tome llowcis for your scrap book.
Alloa and May Dell, Ty Ty, Ga-Wlll you pleesd
allow two lllllo country girls to bo jour nieces,
aged sixteen and eleven. Our papa takes Tnn
Constitution, and wo bavo been enjoying yjot
nlco stories and sweet letters for sometime.
Jewel Isle Jones, Newton, Ala-I am a llltl* girl
nln* yean old. I learned to read and mako
flgurea at borne; 1 went to aohool two years; Ibavo
been through tho McGoflkj’s reader and Hwinton’g
fifth twice; 1 hare raad through Ut* Now Testa
ment once and half through again, Psalms throo
timer.
Mints Odum, Newton, Ga-Papa takas THE
ConrrivuTioH; I Ilka lo road the childrens' column
I sm going loachool to a lady, aba b from Norite
Carolina;! like bu very mneb: my aohool wllloloao
tills month. 1 wanttojoln yonr band and ba on*
ofyonruleccs. I would Ilk* to correspond wlUi
some of tho cousin*
Etlello Fisher, Pltbburg, Tax**—I oncloso a card
for your scrap book, Hope you may lira long and
oontlnuo lo write far Iho littlo folks. 1 was twelvo
yearsold tho noth of Marob. I would llko to con
respond with aomo or Iho cousins.
John nolderby, Newark, Ark.—I am a country
boy and have had hut few advantages of educa
tion. 1 am a anhecrlber lo Tua Comnrunox and
llko It very much. I have Are staters mid two of
them ate married. 1 am atlandtng,lomother's farm
for her tbb year.
Lenard lraae, Rockdale, Texa*—I an a lltlle boy
nlno yearsold. Ibavo a pretty littlo brother; I
bavo a pretty llula dog and threo littlo klUon*
carrlo Lao Sleet JMcDonalds, Tenn.-Tbh b my
Ant leller. My papa la working on tha railroad
and ho b away from homo all Iho time except Ban-
days; ho takes Thb Constitution and I read It all]
1 don’t ICO bow wo could do without it.
KUlf, Dull and Helen Holland, Lemon's Gap,'
Tenn.—^Wo lire In the mountains of EsM Tcnnca-
■eo. We like Tnx constitution, especially tho
child trot' column, Tttr muoh. Fur pen wo hato
three iqnlrrels and a hawk and a littlo blank oat
named Georg* We would like lo Correa pun 1 with
some ol tho littlo cousins.
Wllllo Csn* Rockdale, Texa* -I sm a boy
eleven lean of ago. 1 hare on# pal, a pigeon; my
■later bu a goat, and you ougBt to aee It, ltb tbs
prettied MU* thing you ever sow. Dear Annt
Huilc, please send me one of your pictures.
TUTTS
PILLS!
. TORPID BOWELS, of
DISORDERED LIVER?
and MALARIA. ’*
From thee* souroaa arise three-fourths off
tho diseases ot tbo human no* Thun
yuptomaudlreta umlroxbUnMiliaTiJ
•"■era of t
tuStooxul f]
•klnan«l*v5
canto no nausea or i
with dally work and *
ANTIDOTE T<
ccccc no nausea or jrp5
aro a perfect 2
IH—PMTO MALARIA?
| ScIT h-r-. ate. OCee. II Harray Hon, q T. J
novlt-dAwky sun asd fri too ool n t ta
tun*0-wkyl? f 1|