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HIE CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA. GA.. MONDAY JANUARY 3 (1887 FARMS AND FARMERS. SHORT TALKS WITH FARMERS ON FARM TOPIGp. tf( ff Gotten 0o*d M • Manur®—TVbort to ftt Ittr in the Ground for thf B*fttZffc?t'-9t-bU Momo re ra lUi.t Joe a-Cow Manure ra Ovir pored With Boree Man orr. l*lan» for the Xew Year. Ko enr ran achieve euoceea who merely drift* With the current or fails with the wind. The firmer may lead to whirlpool or hidden rorks, the hitter to treacherous shorn or unseen roefs. 4nc most have a port in view, and with coin* pars, maps and sounding line, steer for it by tho raftst and most expeditions route. The Jannor forms no exception to this brood state- went. At the beginning of the year ho ought to tee where he will land at the and of it. In Othe r words, he should have well matured plans and work constantly to them. Ho con- not ah'.ftl to drift along, lotting odd day vug- gist the work of the next. He must have fitted purjto**, and summoning to his aid everything which (an •jarirt him, bold!/ confront tho obstacles in his way and overcome them ss boat ho can. To do this successfully ho must have full conltai •f his operatives. A general with raw, Mulls- eipliiud troop*, cot trained to snborilt nation and o1 > c4T( nee to commands, in not more help less in fare of tin- enemy than a farmer who eaauwt control his laborers. Tho matter of labor contracts is, therefore, one of paramount importance At tho beginning of the year. There arc three courses open to the southern farmer lie can rent to tenants or (arm on flairs with bta’laborer* (croppers), or he can Lire hands for xtanding wages. Jt is generally conceded that the last has heretofore «lv* n the fanner the largest measure of control ever his laborers. Until recently we have always advocated it as tho bent Unquestiona bly it hr-h uudor the usages which havo pre vailed fi net-the war, nude the laborer most •ubmi' .ve to tho behests of his employer. Bat it is equally obvious to every observant person, that on our worn farms and our ex tensive syri*iw of cultivation and limited use •f labor-saving Implements, that hired labor absorbs too large a portion of the prollts of tho fann. The landlord takes all the riskr, tho laborer gets the same )my, whether the seasons prove adverse or favorable. Eight bides to thg plow is regarded as good crop- P»»f* (me and a half bauds to the plow Is not sn extsavAgaut estimate. It will take at least live bales of ootton, at recent prices, to jeff one and a half handr, leaving three bales to tho plow, out of which tho landlord must pay other expenses than labor, and got interest on Ms iuvist mint, From this standpoint it would seem better to give the laborer, ns a cropper, one half of tho crop. Tho landlord wsuld then got four hales of cotton out of tho night, Instead of three, lint ran as many halos, tel be plow, bo raised under the cropper system ns nnder the wsgc plan? Probably under tho latltnda und litorty allowed tho laborer Odder the cropping system iu fs*l years, smaller crops have been raised than whore laborers have been hired for WSges. Rut is this mervairily no/ Wo think not. If tho farm hi turned over to the croppers with liltlo or no supervision of tho lumllord; if no arrangements ut r made to hold the c.roppors steadily to their work; if they arc allowed to feel that they arc jiartnerH of tho huidlord, and as copaitucr* have an equal voice in tho management and working of tho crop; under such conditions, wo have no hesitation iu say ing that tho crops would ho smaller. Hut re verie Uie conditions; !«ot tho landlord take tho cutiic control of his farm, pitch tho ernpj, direct the work, bind his croppera to work just as many hours in tho dsy, and Ju*t as many dsjs in the year, ns if they had been hired for wag's. In other word*, nrmngo every detail cxlully nn it would ho under the wage system, except that Instead of being |uld ill mpnry, they nro to be |»id in a certain portion •f the crop they make. Under such conditions why should loss crops be raUcdjtluui undor tho wage system. Noth an arrangement N bolter for the labor er a* well a* tho landlord. The nrgro hu shown during llio last twcuty years, his inca pacity to mu a fut iu or manage a erop. Ho is lashing in executive capacity, has no organ!** power, little system ordure-thought, and is cnlly tempted away from his work, lie needs to ko hodged in to hold him steadily to his walk. For such reasons, he has proved an utter (allure as a tenant tenant. It is a ronious policy to ton over the agriculture of the country to the weft**, He Is unable to take charge of it. Ita problems are too diflleult for him to solve, its details too numerous for him to co-ordinate. Taima under his control will go swiftly to ruin -Iks soil washed away—mauure ungathorod or wasted-cotton mmmI sold from tho faros in stead of being returned to the land. A t o time when brain In mum important than muscle, tho farmer withdraws from the Held and leaves tho hull in tho rhiua shop. If ono must have tenants, make them subject to yonr order, plan and direct the working of the erop; see that the rows nro not run up and down hill, bind tho cotton seed to the laud, lustit that com- posts shall bo mads, and yuur land well ma nured; see that n proper rotation Is punned. Bor heaven sake abandon not this greatest in dustry of the country to a race, who, after two hundred Team of pupilage under tho most in telligent end successful fanners of tho country, have not learned what they daily saw and practiced. TAU: FA KM qtlMTlON MtlX. hr. W. L Awes, enaferard the htshest and rafWt agvfcaltural authority Iu ihe south. preside, mcr tali >1« parluicot. lie solicits practical suggesUout tltsn termer* and othersinterested. PooyvWe, Ark.—l*t. Will the ancvouful oempettuns for the prim offend l»y Pcott A Co. plCme give a history of the imiIid 4tl»i> of tho trrp that give- more tlmu l.uOt) pouuds of Uut csttsn to the rate? Jd. W ill Gsoryu W. Tniiti please slate the history ol one year's cultltaUoo on his terrace- with what hlpdof plow** how orten plowed? and the dis tance In the drill that ho plauls corn aud cotton on Ihe tetrsetf •a Arkamar, the great enemy to the terrace in ste •f onhUatlon liutotloat* unbelief of the state- menu in TUB CWttmtTin*. Rc-pcrttaUy, H. II. Colkmax, Uubyvlllc. Ark. The above tenches poinU which interest many vesden of TiikCo.nxtititjov. Will not the patties alluded to bo kind enough to roply teihoioi|uUies.-En. J. T. II.. WraiDoint. G*.-iihr* ms the bast m vie cf ullUalnsilit K-sves aud «era|Oii|t> of woods, w here * great ftftanttt pof Item U coo veaivut to the term. Would ccmr-dstiug them *fch Uine aud straw, bedding ou them wit* too frawdsof pbomhaM. make i good f* rtr.tser fcr ration: Ours i* a wuidy wbhaclajr sub roll oemwddii be bolter t.» h*u* atmlsoves and tweadea* thorn over the lam! an t plow them under: Of ooutNo so much u> the material name J a* ean hr used In Uttering *ta!la should be ntil- teed la that manner. There is no better methM •f rcnvcitiug it into uuuuio. Any available •lares above that may bo most profitably ntil- imAbf competing it with ashes and lime •mebinrd or either alone, if the other cannot bo Bad. Trw bushel* to three2-horse wagon load* •f leaves, well tramped, is about the right pro- portion. After the -leavse bare been thus ^ * - atha they will be m so- able as plant food, ami may then bo used like yard asnnre in making corn rests with phosphate and kaiuit. l’nt in the drill, asgathcrorl from the woods, and pbosphato strewed upon them, they would not rot foot enough to help tho crop roach the flr*t year. Sor would broadcasting find plough ing under do any better the first yuar, though it would improve the land ultimately. By all means reduce the leaves first by the means stated, and then nsc them ns a basis for com posts with chemical fertilisers. W.W , Humber, On. ran you tell me how to prevent green cotton erd (need for ms wiring cot ton) tTom kllllug Ihe yonng cotton, and how to prr |x»rtl»ii«ottoo m «<1 iu«‘«l and phosphate: also its relative value e<>mpare<! with guano. How mneh of some would pay t*e-t on couimun red land per itcrt? l*nt the giren cottonseed in the ground long enough in advance of planting time for the healing and the evolution of gav*-«, which attend the heating and fermenting of the seed, to hove AultidtJ. trreen seed ought to Ijo laddedon early in February, otherwise they are liable to remain sonnd and germinate when the crop is planted, and Interfere seriously with the lAttcr. The usual proportion of cot tonseed meal and acid phosphate in one of the former to three of tbc latter. This mixture has given very excellent results. It is quite as good as guano. Two hundred pounds per acre is a mife and good np/dic.ition on the Jand des- in rih( d. Sec that the tiro are very thoroughly mixed, and that none of it comcx iu contact w ith the seed planted. Cottoasced meal is sare death to seeds in coutaet with it. Ro< kwart. IKTendier 4.—Please inform me what stable manure 1* worth i<cr ton compared with commercial fertilisers. I have been paying one dollar per load—lwo-lior*e. Stable run mi re is a very variable thing—it may lte wet or comparatively dry—its content of fertilizing matter varies al**» with the amount and kind of litter mixed with it; also upon the amount of grain fed to the animals which pro- dure it. It ia impossible, therefore, to give an accurate estimate of the. value of any specimen without onalyrifl, supposing it to bo of average quality, two dollars a ton would not beano ver- retimute of its value, compared with somuicr- dal ft-1 ti list is. You know :il>out the weight of the lonris you haul, and can estimate worth of load from sImivo. Where the manure has to bo ImuUd seme dbdnnro, the cost of hauling and lint.dling niust be considered, of course, os ICO f ounds of a concentrated fertilizer contains as mn«h plant food u* !,»K«0 |H>unds of stuldo manure. R. L. tv.. MiVeJgfViUc. (in : Wlerc can I buy the Kurt oat: J want to buy a nsek, I want to sow them on land thr.t will inako a thousand r>ouiids of so*'d cotum to the acre, without manure. Whnt nmotint ot seed to mii acre? rorrc«pond(til6 will p’ettse not ask tiv to •tale where nit idea enu he had or what is the price of them. Thin la entirely out of our lluo. Tlu- mm«1 of the Hurt oat is not largo,and a bushel of them will go further than n budiel of the red lust-proof. Two bushels of them wotdd sow an iiero «.f such land ns you describe, whereas three bushcla of the rust-proof would not be too much. M. M. M(C., I n<.ratirc,(J»i.: Plense give tho value of cotton seed hull u»h os a fertilizer, and how to umj St on sweet js.tutocM. H in hard to reckon the value of cotton seed bull ash tut a fertilizer, Itecause it is such a badly lfalnm cd manure. 1‘otash is very largely ill excess of what it relatively ahoubl be, and it ia diflicult to compound tho ash with other suMnuccit, to na to establish a proper balauce. It is also a very dangerous manure ou account of itM very caustic properties. It should bo u»cd in smnll quantities and, even then, very largely diluted with nonething like wunmIs mold, woodpile scntpiugi, etc. Iu igich combi- nation it may be applied to Nweot potatoes at the rate of ut>out loo pounds of ashes to tho II. W. M« T , Climax, (in : 1 have five or six tons of cow manure w hich 1 have kept under shelter during tlu* months of April, May aud Juno. Please tell rue what to put with the con manure to make a ho«mI comtNwt for corn and cotton, and how much to put to the acre on pine laud, with clay subroil. There ia no lluir In tho laud, and not much of anything cl e. My cattle gtaacd on wire groan. Compared with liorso manure that of tho cow im Icm active. fi nutttU more slowly and contains a emaller perc<ntugc of nitrogen, pot ash. phosphoric acid, etc. It is especially wont ing in tho Iu*t substatuv named, phosphoric acid. The addition, therefore, of acid phos phate Is very clearly indicated. This will not only supply the needed phosphoric acid, but atm lime, inanmnch as about half the weight of add phosphate is plaster (sulphate of lime). It is probably true, also, that your soil is deficient In potash, and thonglr cow manure eoutains a pre tty good percentage of that substance, it would probably be well to add some kaluit also. Tbc addition of it little cottonseed meal Would impart life aud activity to the inert cow manure uml bring it iutuau available stab* more rapidly. We anggest then the following: Thirty Lunin I* of cow manure, 100 pouuds of acid phosphate, fifty pounds of kainit and fifty pounds of cotton seed meal. Mix well to gether and apply to one nenv The quantity of cow manure might bo doubled with advantage, if you have enough of it to do so. Such lands as you describe will not bear heavy doses or active chemical fertilizers at once. Rut by ju- diciont manuring and proper rotation and rest —with a pea crop a* often as pouiblo—they may be made quite productive, imperially will thishotruo if a little of tho clay subsoil h brought up occasiotuUly uud mixed with ihe sni face soil. F. C. It.. Atheiw. r,r. 1 have planted fifty Hue larjTCpeeau outs, about elgliteeu feet a|Kir:. In a grove; thought I would cut the grave mil when the pecan tree.* i,nt to growing; plea**? Instruct m? what lotto. Also will the Ktigll»h watuut grow here am! do will. As the pecan grows to quite a large tree, eighteen feet will not be distance cuongh when the trees are grown. Hut as you have planted nuts, and some of these may (AM to come up, U may have been well to plant aa near a« yon did. At any rates they can be thinued out If nccvwary. You were right In planting tho nuts at once, instead of waiting until spring. tV lit u oily unto, like tho pecan, are* kept dry for a long time they do not germinate well. Our practice has N« n to bury them iu tin* Bov Jaou&rj Work Pays. 1st. firnd ua one new ••bscrlbor, or yonr own dollar* sad yon got m vbanco in our Xew War's dUtrtbntlon of prosoata. til, fiend • Mubacrlbora and yon get fi •haures to our Xew V par's preaoal box. Sd. Hond fiznbsertbrra at ft! oaeh, and yss g**l Hity «>no of our plrinrr*-firs (otUertUed rUrwbere), and fi chances In our »w Year's t>«*. 411*. Scud & iuh»rrih*xs, at St rarlu and y«m gel S ebanecs iu our Xew Year's has and by adding fit.-A you gc( a watch aud ckafa free. 5i!i. fign*l |0 •utisrrtbera, carte, and you g«t a watch and chain frro and tfi cliMiirrslu our N« w Y«*ar*s present box. Our (banco to tbs New \ car’s Present Bog •nay prt you tbr fttAO present, or one or tho ethers. Vow get a good paper and premlaan anyhow, and a chance at oar proeeuts. ft will psy everybody to got eubeorthors tmr Tho CositttuUsa Im Jaausi}. fis in work ground as toonIm gathered, and Id early spring plant them in permanent place. Have raised some very good trees in that way, vthi :h eznee into bearing in about tea years from the plant ing. On rich, strong and rather damp land they bear earlier ^kin on poor soil. If your pectus come up well, tho trees should be removed .from [thefr immediate neighborhood very soon. Tree# take pretty much all the food and moisture in the soil for some distance from thciy trunk*, and would Hunt the growth of pecans very much. It would promote the growth of the pecans .also to ma nure them with a compost of robes and woods earth, and to plow the land occasionally. They make rather slow growth when young but bo- towe strong and vigorous after a few years. The English walnut sometimes succeeds pretty well in thia country—have seen some quite large trees in Athens, which Imre fair crops of nuts. But they are not as hardy as the )<csn, and not as long lifed. T. fX Jt., Athens, G.: J have a silo pit, aud I filled It with pen vines and covered with hoards. I open ed It, and found It decayed ou top where It touch ed the board*, and dry as hay in the center, und a little water on the bottom. I rut them in ss «oou as cot. 1 also pot some wood In the bottom of the pit to keep ft off the ground. Ktock will not eat It. want to try again, and would like to know whnt o do. I welghte d It with wood. Your experience with a silo is uuiquo—never heard of ono just like it. It Is not uncommon for the layer on top to de«-ay, but that the mid dle portion should be dry like hay, is quite singular. It If possible that you did not pack it KQllicicutly when fimt put in, sud did not weight it down enough, finally. Ono hundred and fifty to two hundred imuuds to tbc aquare foot, is the usual weighting. It ii possible, also, that failure resulted from the pea vines not being cut up or shredded. Those with meat experience insist that ensilage should ho cat up very line, so ns to allow very close puck- ing in the pit. Mr. Or me, of West Point, has demonstrated that pea vines and corn forage, inn through sn ordinary spike ijrain threili, will he sufficiently fine to Allow of the do- tired closencts of packing. FIELD CONTEXTS FOIt *18»7. Hie rreinlumato be Offered by the National Cotton ITantera* Association. The premium list, so far as determined, is as follows, subject to revision and additions: Models of form residences, with plans aud sieelfk aliens, adapted to tho cotton states, to cost »1,000, Ft,WO, (4.UU) and f5,0U0.-Premium ou each plan 9 2,000 Mi del, with plans uud specifications, of giu ‘ m or horse power, to co*t Ftf*. Models with plana und>|>c(-tfi(*Ntltm*.«f c hiuntloti tarn or stable for males aim hone*, with nrrnnKcmMit for storing hay and grain, with convenience* for fcedlnv, and for Ihe protection of wagoua, farm tuqdcinuitB, etc., for five, twenty, undone hundred homes.—Premium on Model*, including pinn* and *i<eeifi(-aUoua, of rottagea for lalmrers, costing from I lot) to EU), containing two, three uud four n oma, with gallery uud conveniences.— Trentlutn on each For the l.o*t general crop, embracing cottou, grain and grsMC*. in such pmimrtlon as will moke tho cotton a surplus money l or the greatest yield of lint cottou from ouc For the grcatcit yield of ►heiied corn from For the greatest yield oi threshed outs from one acre For the greatest yield of threshed wheat, ryc^cow pens or barley, from one aero or For the greutc-t yield of itay from one acre of each ol iho follow lo« groaaoa, viz: liuii.thy, (.c rniun millet, red clover, Her- 1,000 2,000 a.oou (unuiis, rout lumas.—i renuum ou each... M l.C Kadi article contesting f«*r u premiuiiftbt t*c u( < oiupanlcd riy a written descriptions of time Mini mvtfc of pJnntlui? and rnftlmthiir, ninonut and character of fertilizer* um-J* ( hnracter of land, etc. For the tn-st acre of IoImicco J.U For the IotrcaI y h id of sorghum from one For the largest yield of ramie from ouc For the largcsi yield of jute from one acre l|u For the tart. chcaptMt and mo*t durable For the second licit hate of short aluple cot ton. weighing not lera than 430 pounds... For Ihe Iwst l«lu of lone staple cotton, other Hum tica Island, weighlux not less tlmu 4-0 pounds..^. lc*s than 4/4) pounds... For the brat cotton gin... For the ivroud boat cotton glu p ’ 7 . For the best engine for steam gin, from ton to thirty bon* pm ~ Forthe best cotton ch fortho \ 2.500 1.0W 1,000 _ MU For n cotton picker or harvester of such prac- Ueai value as to be a salable article ou tlu* market... 10,000 For planter's manual or hand book of n tofu I In formation, embodying greatest amount ol information iu least space, book to bo- come the property of the association....... 5,(XX) For the brat seed cotton clenncr 2,0*) For lire best cotton seed and grain crodier... l.o.u For tho W*t cotton gtn ftedtr. t.Aio For plantation cotton seed oil mill..........—. 2,.'«;>» F« r iN-t tilenuuhiiie.... M .. 1,WJ For home made fertilizer giving tiest result*, with method of making and applying..., 2,000 For the best commercial fertilizer J.UOO The persons coutestbig for acreage ami crop pre miums will to required to make attdarll after cer tain toims to to furnished hereafter. Flsna of! uOdingn will to considered with refer ence to their economy, durability, eotivcnleree In saving labor.drainage, venttiatlou, protection hem fire, heat aud cold. The premium list, a* abovo printed, will bo materially (hanged aud improved before finally Oliion to one acre, and in many Instances. 2d, :id. 4th amt :*th premiums will be added. Vet) rmccUnlly, F. C. MouciiKAD. TrrriCt ut National Colton Haulers' Aatociallou. Frorraiduiiat Etiquette rreventa tome doctors (Vom Advertising their skill, Imt we arc bound by no such convcntion.il rules and think that if vre nuke a discovery that la of tonefit to our fellow*, wo ougit to spread the (bit to tko whole land. Therefore we rau** to be pvbli&hcd throughout the Und the fart that Hr. It V. Pieree's "Golden Medi cal Discovery" ia the beat kuown remedy lor consumption iserefiila of the lungs) snd kin- dnd diseare s. Sen J JO cents in stamps for Hr. Fierce's cumpletc traatUe ou consumption, with uuxunwssed means of seif-treatment. Address World's Dispensary Medical Association, fidl Main street, Bnffiilo. N, Y. 1'i lnre Iturbidn In a Duel. ITtv «r Ht xuxr, via Galveston. December jv A duel w o> fought here yesterday between I time Any. u»: In ! tin bide and Senor Carretlo, both of v> hotn are memU-rx of the Jockey club. The a vaiona used were sword*. The prin<*e wounded hi* tttSRMiit in the shoulder,Put not dangerously. Bask ache is almost immediately relieved by wearing one of Usrtsr i fimart Wood Aid Bella* doqpa Backscho Fiastera. Try ono And bo froo (tom pain. Friew 2.5 esnta. Horn** at Auction. T1 * gre atest *»!e of korx-a ever held Iu Allanm will to ou Wednesday, January, 12th, a*. ( hamlets A OD*'s >tol-!r«. corner llnntcvand Far ►jlh -treets. retumetving at lo o'clock sharp* ou inatj’ute |w*e will sell to the highot bidder fix c**h. two car Irate.iti fine \i**iug laarv* aul horn*, fn-m A to S year* old, 14 to 15*, b axis hivh. w * ighu'c fn«tn son to 1^X9round* ra< h, brwl (Y>»-1 thcKH-, h l.red trotting »(telk>us and out of well- Fred Texas tnares. Every bor-eman. "jn4 c*;> dally every dealer." should attend this rale, and RM pteyatred to bur. as every IMMB Wfll to Bid, tain or shine No p^v-t^mcment. no Hunt, no re stive. Ait «tnck guaranieed to be a* reprraent^L Cali at cfcamter*. * ( •> s»taMe. any day belbre the •ale; examine ihe sum k and be loarinred that this * tilt* a good chance to buy a boras at yonr own « r*. We mean bonnes*. (Jnr time t* Uauied and ait ohhfivd to scM. koynthlly, EDUCATION AND MORAUTY. A Critic Assails Hill Arp, and ths Cherokee rhUosoplier Flics Duck. Epitobr Comtitctiox: For years X have been a reader of Tux Coxnrmn'iov, and have seen much in the writings of Hill Arp to admire, hot in Ids article cf November fioth there Is much that I jmiFtdhKnlfrom. 1 will make a few quotations from Mr. Arp'o letter, and comment as I go. He my*. "Jn fact, it looks like the mord education the less morality." This is hi* error Ko. 1. lie should kuve mid tl;c more education the more conviction Mid punishment for crime. Had Mr. Arp'* think ing cap teen properly adjusted, he would have found, substantially, this mous Answer to his above quoted statement In the next quotation, which I will now make from h!.* article, which I am now reviewing, when he sayr: "Iu In'O there were 20,0U0 ((rr.mtttal* to prlkou in that highly refined and cul tivated hlate." [Mafcrachutettfl.] Yes; Ms«achoxett* punishes her criminal*. But the twenty thousand committals I most take cum green Mlu u , for in the compendium of the tenth ccniua of the United -utc*, l«»0, part2. pago K4d, 1 find under the title: "i'ri>ouers classified accord ing to the plac e w here found, 1880," under the col umn headed "tonUentiary, opposite the name of the state of M&SKschmetts, the numoer of nerbons to be 10*5. On the same page, under the head of "Hared out,” opporitc the uame of tho rtate of Georgia, 1 find the number of prlsonon ko disposed (ff to be 1,504. As ex-’—-* ' I6f*9, the statlrtfcan mi Georgia,own neither l . (upied at> a penitentiary, but leased out (heir peni tentiary convicts to private parties.” So it seetus that Georgia’* "leared out” convicts outnuintor tho*c found in the penitentiary of Maasachosett* by 4]f), while MrosiurbuselT* population oiitnauib- ers that of Georgia. This last seutenco is thrown in—not u* a thrust at Georgia, but simply a punch at Mr. Arp for writing: "The ratio at the south I* far less than ut the north.” Acsin. Mr. Arp writes: "It Is the wimo In New York. (>nt of 2,000 convicts iu one prison. L'.4)0 had received education In colleges or academies or ia public schools. It is a fact that among the whites, w here* there is the least educroion there Istho least trin e." The authority—United fcta es census re port—already quoted. give* the percentage of Illit eracy in the htate of Kcwr York of persons from ten years and upward to be 4.2 percent. Mr. Arpnbon a that out of tho 2,800 convicts mentioned. 400 were Illiterate. Fo wc have a per eentnge of illiteracy mg there convicts of 17.:i, while the illitcra-.*y . .. u only 11 orancc i* _ _ proven by the very figure* that he hlmrelf has fiirnishcu. Aud again: "Where there i* the least education of the average poptuatfaNlOf the state u ho Mr. A nr* theory that ign< the mother of innocence is air] did not Abe Buzzard and his gang cf outlaws seek the cultured pre cinct* ot i'hllaililphla iu>tc<id of the roujh i< nd unlettered rettleuicnts In the mountain* of I’ennrylvanla? W hy did not the James boy* and their (o-worker* operate iu uud about Kt. Louis In- htcad of making their homes and haunts among the Hide Mid unlettered cow toy* of the plain.‘ the u lined uud educated scitlon* of the * all troubles aud disputes arc settled by the strong arm of the civil law? How 1* it that a quarter of a ctntmy since in Arkansas, Texas and California the revolver tuid the bowie knife were the arbiter* of all dispute.*, und still later, in Montana, Idaho, tome ronton* of my own territory might made right, nnd each man made such law* ns he felt will ing to obey or nble to cuforro, and what In’* brntu.hi about the chnugc aud converted n.cet of there communities into peaceable aud h w-uMdlnu one*.' Tho school ana the prea, the two great cduuitors of our country, have been the h ading factor* In bringing about these changes. If Mr. Arp really believe* that "where there t* the lean education there is the leust crime,” why does he not act on the Idea, uud instead ot helping hi* childicu. a* he tells us he i u doing, iu their studies burn their took* nnd keep them out of school? H« t-p them ignorant h> that they will be pure. Mr. Arp. Again, he tells us that tho ronthern people are not dc*|»crnlely lmd, ami that Georgia ha* only i ts u bite convict* In the penitentiary. 1 (rill let the ►riiic number of Tin: CnNSTtmtox In which Mr. Arp’* letter appear* answer him on tin* point. It ray*, in rtibriuncc, that: At .Milburu, N. C., Win. Frazier had two fights amt then tackled the tlurei and was stabbed to death. III.’- slayer ex-apod. I»r. (To**, of Arkansas, 1ms just toon sentenced At fiilome boring. Itllcy Jackson abused his mother. Hi* sixteen year-old brother, Ktrk, re monstrated, aud theu in order to avoid n beating shot and killed IU ley. Two brother* in Atlanta have a difficulty aud arc totli killed. IU b Woodcy. who killed n mail who had Just bun dlmtl.-reu, together with tho rest of the con gregation, Ootn divine service, has Just boon arrest ed after having stood the officer* oil’ for two year*. A row occurred at a daut-c ut Iron Mouutaiu. Mo., in which one muu wus killed aud threeothori >U uded. There ar. . fifteen of them tolng white. At Cedar Keys a drunken carpenter killed an ttn- mown roan, tired twlco at a ja-aee officer and then A ).oi.i*Inna couithouso has Just toon coal-oiled Iu T Uil.’Inta*. cut hi*own thrunt. M. A. sargent colled J. It. Moore an "Arkansas dude.” and Moore curved him up for Maying *o. At Del Kin, Jan. Prewitt was shot In the back at night nt.d killed. Oscar Carmichael, a young and antic*ratio Virginian, i» tup}>oscd tube the ussos- »in, and I* nuder arrest. lira. IIUMcy, who shot and killed hi* brother-in- law in Alabama, luts been admitted to toil. Two iK-groe* cut a young man'* throat a short time since, one of the murderer* was capture-1. 1 he mol* hung him awhile, then they let him down and filled him full of lead, and then they burned and two lady guc*K were killed and burned up iu the house. John Worm aud hi* alleged wife arc under arrest, charged with the crime. Near Anting. Kite Taylor, u goodeltiieti vvm shot to death for going to hi* door in tho night while a band of masked men were trying to force their way into a neighbor's home. Now, Just nieh thing* hapj Slid west, on are shown tc - - .. the south. The fact Is, human nature in much the same the world over, and education Is the thing that ha* raised our race above their ravage ances tor*. And It is the thlug that keeps us from rc- lapsing into barbari-m. in conclusion, let mo ray that while Mr. Arp •Mure* us that there are only 1IX convicts In the Georgia state prison, (tho peuitentiary must tunc been built since lA8)i the atoro list of crimes in duce* the tielief in mo that there are still ut largo iu your state, a* well a* elsewhere, quite a num ber of person* who ought to decorate a limb or re tire Uhlud the bars. Hill Arp Mukr* Reply. Fun ok* Constitution: 1 havo perused in inanitM ript the above review of one of my letter*. If the writer i* in a frame of mind to believe what he doc* hot w l*h to believe, a reply to him will not to iu vain, and may pooribly affect other* who on- tittnin like prejudice* against the Mouth. The "great awakening" i* coming, I know, wheu the forth will know the south, but maybo wo cau irony is up a little. Mr. Kora quote* a* error; "Iu fuct, it looks like tlie mete education the le« morality." ftt IfM, tiic National F^lucnUonalawreviation met in Washington, D. (’., and among the able and lu- titesting addreve* dellvensl wa* one from lion. Jt or go T. Augell, of Man*uv burette, who raid: ( rime more than doubled in Maxsnchun-lUi in tin years pn.w to l*7H. 1 n ts#V» there were I0.0W (-mirittal* to cur petom*. In l*-7 -{uiotv than 20,000, ltd in') show* a large Increase. In lN'2 tliero )ere more commlUxU to JiawmchttscU* pri-- t»n* than In lv-1. The Miorachractts state board of charlUc*. in Ihelr Iasi annual report.-u*e there worels: "And how we find that there is hardly a country In the cftrlli/cd world where atroeUm* ami tlagrantcrime l* so loiumcu as tu Ma**achu*ette." I think we ore uo wonc off In 3Us*achnsette than they arc In other state*. I hiring 1*4) there were 71. iti* arrote daiIc In New York city. During nine month* 22> dead bodies were taken from the water* und buried a* enknowu. 1 l.c ustdin of the Maarachiuictts state prison in hi* te.-tirnoor before* the UvtaUturv. said; "I know or my own knowlctlge that there exists in Itostcn a regularly organized society of crimi- hats, with president, vice president, secretary and ttearuier. It ha* a tegular form for admitting mi niter*. The trlaou etch me tutor graduated from, and hi* offence nud hi* knowledge of the I ro« n. are all m-ordetl tn a book. The society dlM-tnre * the a«M approved plan* of burglary, etc. "It i* cot the ignorant ai.-ue that All the rauk*. The chaplain at Anburu. N. Y., raid that the con \U-u there <vn»titund one of the most IntcllUeut andlet.cohc ever addrc*.H->!. Out of l.Do* pri»<>c era 1,1*2 had rfreired a rn atrror ins education in iidir^e*. teademitsaud i>ubl;e*■ hoote. "it lv uot the uneducated alone Ihat unc ia train ing fir crime, llow are wc going to thro Us ■itwth: it Is certain that edroation «f tin* iu’.c' ltd will uot do -.t. That only give* 4nereared »*>K<r. Nearly alt the critnlna!’* cf the Aiturc, the thterr*. imrgter-., (heeiidiariei snd munk-ren are now inourpnbitr K-hools. • Mr. Vs** dv»e.> uot to Lev e lh« re were 20.OX) e.»m mlttal* !n one • car Iu UaiBehtL-eitfc There were dtubtlc** twice that numtor last year. Will ha write m p-oaten and Dud c**r* Ue ray* hts a—ipen- o.ujnof theiaitect>-D*ptna<!owu the number of prtoct-r- in the.r peniuntiary at l.uM 1 hate the last eciuu* before me in all its details and unahrfdgtd. and find on page folio, "pop ulaticn," that Ma*aarbn*«>tt« hod. in 1***». -1.SI5 w htte convict* m her scale prison*. New York had e J»c. and In both care* there ware exclwlve of the fi mate*ofreforsnati-rte*. which ooustftute nearly a* atony more. Georgia l* put down at 2)1 white ccnvict*. and tiragls ha* bo reformatory pHmm iteanteft—mm wftltt mmkukm * an#y . Bi rei:fa»w MasHudrareKi Um •&°ol double that number onu New York five tiraw 44 many. Georg.a has now white convicts.. —— ""a.»« Masmeliusetti had m 18e0 Uli them. Ht 'OOp.t’iiatMhira’Klfupooth:^; envi-rv that Gtutui b& ( 1,604 b oceo out eon ▼lidR 7 Let me inform him that iall of these: o«td save 14V. U e i.ava no penitentiary w nh wara aud bur*, bat wo still use that word, aud It te the right word, for it means a j.tece of pafttfhmcnt;, l am net dealing w ith nt-rrocs now. They wc th. nation’s ward*. I am coriparing ‘ rUne mnong the white race north and scuta; and I Bttrua that ac cr-rdinc to record* that uro verlfle*!, cruuo n-mong the white* in the state r>t Oconria hnv i* actually dliniulshin^* notwlOutetiding tne ^l/uT-Vr. Lora aasumev ibat this great lU.-piuity is due to a "kjooeneus" In our laws and courM(in “«• punishing crime. Ho believe* tiiat the crimes ure committed—and right htrolcome to uhult, lor J do • • -* * «1mt teo *r»' jest a> vessful ........... ountry nder Leaven. Person and property arc Just o* sc- (sue here ns anywhere, und much more so than at the nortli. I have had but one tramp to visit m> house in nine years nnd cot half a dozen calls tor charity—and yet I live on a very public highway In otic ot (he most densely populated coauue.i. iJur dcors ore never loeked, day nor night, fpn Mr. JIoes -ray the same. He fius corralled qnltc a catalogue of (Time* from Virginia to Texas, to prove our i n- fortunate condition. If ho will -jKjruse the local Jtet” in ihe J- ew York Herald, or the Bo- ton Gmhe. ot the Chicago Tribune, he will find abuudant reading of that kind. lie need not review states nor territories, but the city precincts will be enough. Now If Mr. Rora reAlly desires to convince me that education is a good thlug, he is wasting his time, for I know it 1* a good thiug. My rasertion w ot tliat education docs uot |gevetit. or hludcr. or lessen crime. My desire "" fu punishing criminal* a* In any s ev cm. or muuw. —j to magnify the im- yortanco of training the yonth in morality, in truth, in virtue, in temperance. I feared that our people had au idea that education wa* tho biggest thing, snd the only thing, and I nought to awaken them to their mistake. Now- let n* make a table from the lari census to show the illiteracy us compared will) crime: l’er cent Convicts State. ' ofil- to every UtcPRcy. 10.000. Mmsachust-tte - 3% -J lork 2% 17 Jersey ^ ft Georgia Alnbjii Ua Missi^ipjjj..^^. 1ft 3 'J his table is strictly white—uot h negro, nor a rhinuroun. nor an Indian is iu it. More than one- filth of our white population in Georgia are illiter ate. nnd yet Massachusetts, with all her education and refinement, has fourteen times os many crimi- AH this In , and proven before In the columns of Tttr. Constitution, I publish it npnln as a Just tribute to our conservative und law abiding people, to hontut yeomanry of tho land— the toilers who. however unlettered, dare to love their country and to poor. They aro now giving their children a limited education, for it has been placed In their reach. Our hope t* that those chil dren will, at the same time, get that moral training that made their futltcn the best citizens the world "I!! fares tho land—to hastening ill* a prey Who*** wealth accumulates and men decay, 1 tit a bold p(a*antry— their country's pride \\ Leu once destroyed can never be supplied.” Bill arc. A Lie About tho Confederacy. The Fort Worth, Tex., Gazette has the fol lowing In relation to one of the many absurd sto ries that arc being circulated concerning the civil Some lime ago the Albany, N. Y., Journal pub lished the following: General Thomas W. Conway, at a recent tom- pcrutHc meeting in Norn icb, repeated nu interest ing rimy, told him years ago by Admiral Scmwcs. of the pirate cruiser Alubaron.of the way In which whisky started tho retolllon. According to Hcmmcs, Just after the election of President I.in- coln, a conference of southern leaders was held at the r-t. Charles hotel, iu New Orleans, to decide u I on the course they should take. At the opening of the discussion of that conference the prevailing sentiment, nnd a decided majority, were against a tloclurutlon of war. The majority of tho cooler heads when *obcr, were agaiuat war. The discus sion continued till a into hour. At length whisky and ice were brought up. The numbers of the conference—#omo of them sparingly at first—imbibed. Botllo after lx,tile was produced. A* u result, those ut first op- poed to war, under tho influence of drink, vvero influenced by the others, particularly by Jcffcnon Pavia and hl» brother Joseph, und when tho con- feicnee broke up near daylight in the morning, nearly (he cutirc body of southern representatives v\ cte in favor of making war upon the flag and ttic government.” This wa* considered a famous temperance story, nndwc - published with great parade by the Texas Prohibition Advocate of November20. Somebody thought enough of the matter to send it to the pres ident of the confederacy, and under date of Decem ber 13, ]ht45, he replied ns tollows, so the Gazette give* It: "John Penman—Dear Sir: Accept my thanks for your kind letter of (he fid Inst., containing a slip reciting the saying of otioThos. IV. Conway. I have read the slip carefully, nnd a* you request, here- v. Ith return it. Yon may confidently declare Mr. quite sure my brother Joseph was not there mi or about that time. The record of tho light- liut»e board, of which Admired Bemmea wa* then a member, will show where he was and I believe establish Inc fact that he was then In Washington city, I>. C. My brother and the admiral were strict temperance men. "Yours truly, J Paterson Davis.” • From Strange Wild I-ands. From the Philadelphia New*. •Sa/crac Lyre: Ir Zumbi is a family of tlcirty- nine brothers, the youngest of whom is 89 years old They Vive in thirty-nine house* side by side, and belong to three thirteen clubs. New York Times: At Timor, near tlic bland of Java, there Is a plant called the devil’s leaf, whose petals, to lug of a thorny nature, poraesa a filial •ting wheu peuetrating the flcali. I once met a gentleman in Honolulu who had U-ctr stung by Inis plant, who barely escaped death, and who had a great raw rare—like that sometimes m ule If; the stlnearec of Southern Pacific waters -on lit* left arm. He alluded to it facetiously a* hi* straw berry mark. Taconm Ledger; The island of Socotra 1* in the Arabian sea, and Is situated 12)) miles K. N. K. of Cape Guarelaful, the northeastern extremity of Africa. It* capital, Tamarida, on the northeast coast of the ialaud. is in latitude 12 deg. :U) min. N., longitude ft.) deg. K. The length of the i-teud, from east to weri. Is seventy miles, and it* greatest bieanth twenty mile*. It cover* an area of 1,310 square mile*, and U supposed to contain a imputa tion of nearly ft.000, mostly Arabs, negroes aud descendants of Portuguese, who, it is raid, ruled the Island In the sixteenth century. Socotra has for seme time past, and until too annexation re ferred to, been owned by the sultan of Keshtn, a (mail territory on the opjmrite coast of Arabia and DYSPEPSIA Causes Its victims lo be miserable, hopeless, confused, and depressed in mind, very Irrita ble, languid, and drowsy. It Is a disease Which docs not get veil of itself. It requires careful, per>tatcut attention, and a remedy to throw off the ennses and tono up the diges tive organs till they perform their duties willingly. Hood's Sarsaparilla has proven Jost the required remedy in hundred* of cases. •* I have taken Hood’s Sarsaparilla for dys- pepsia, from which I have suffered two years. 1 tried many oilier medicines, but none proved so satisfactory as Hood's Sarsaparilla.” TnoM \s Cook, Brush Electric Light Co., New York City. Sick Headache "For the pa>t iwo years I have been afflicted with severe headaches and dyspep. •ia. I was Induced to try Hood's Saiaapv riila, and have found great relief. I cheer fully recommend it t > nil.” Hite. L. F. ▲NXUUX, New Haven, Cona. Mrs. Mary C. Smith, Cunfcridgeport, Mam., eras a sufferer from dyspepsia and sick head ache. She took Hood's Sarsaparilla and found U the best remedy she ever used. > Hood’s Sarsaparilla Md bj in dnusMk Itad. on], byQ. LBOOU ft CO., Low.ll, Him. 100 .Dosos Ono _ DollwIa A QUESTION ABOUT Brown's Zron Biters ANSWERED. r—it—* *■„ Bfiass BROWH'SIBOiU^r^EHF SSS3 (fcp’Smn^inERS.fe^ W’ANTKD—A SITUATION AS TEACHr.lt BY A 1? graduate of many years experience. Good reference*. Addrcwi, Teacher, No, 21 E. Alabama street, Atlanta, Ga.- D TRFATFn FREE. X Have treated Dropsy nud Its compilestloni wltU * >t wonderful Mice'era; use vegetable remedies, . disappear, and in tea two-thirds of aU symptom* arc ro* moved. Some may cry humbug without knowiug dny- bing about it. Ketnemtor it docs not cost you any thing to realize the merit of our treatment for your* self. Wc are constantly curing cases of long *tand« ing-( <im:h that have been tapped a number or time* and the patient declared unabled to Uvc a week. Give a rail history of care, name, age, sex, how long nflectcd, cte. Scud for free ixunphlet, containing tcriinu-ntall. Ten day*' treatment furnished froo by mail. If you order trial, rend 10 contain stamps to pay postage. Epilepsy (Fit*) positively cured. II. U. GliEKN & ISONS, SI. D.'s, V<0% Marietta Street, Atlanta, Ga. Mention this paper. dcc28 wkyOin cow IDEEDFE—AND — AFTEH1 Elutric in net m 30 Oaj,' TrUb TO MEIIOItLY, YOUMQ OR OLD, Tirno ar* raffertnc from Mibvovs Pi.oin, V 7 Lost Vitaijtv. Lack or Rkbvi roars us Viaos, WASTIXO Weft * V - V.EO, rad oU thora (llrasra* ot m rnv>rjL Vatuum rttaniag from AMVtsr sad Omsr. Ciu*u*. Bp-oly relict oml coapleto rcito- ratlon of HJuzTii.vtooa and MiaaooD OCAaormre Th«*graadsat(Ur.oo*er/of th« NluetraatU Oentorr, WQtUSooeo tor UlsscroUd PaaphteS (row Addrw V81TA18 BEIT CB„ MI8IU faxaa thtepapor. uoru-Cm wed sun wiyeow 1 emptloni. Including garnishment of wsge^ eta,' and either with or without tho mortgage danse, M preferred, and printed so as to bo used In auy state, -ting that they bring tliomonoy when other forms rail. Send money in two cent siamns or postal notes, and atato whether the mortgojto clause is wanted. Address tho ConsUtution. Atlanu - " da why July-<3Cm toil thn^snn v»ky u > l MUSIC GIVEN AWAY. T O INTRODUCE WOODWARD'S MUSICAL Monthly and our new winter catalogue of sheet music in every family having a piano or organ, wa will. < n rec eipt of 20 cents for poatsge, rend freo ssropli* with ten rompictc piece* of our very* latost popular vocal aud lnrirntncntal music, full sizo printed on elegant heavy nutlc paper, would cost E4.00 at mmic store*, we al?o pabllflU THE NIGHT BIRD S COOING, the very popular end beautiful waltz tong; mailed for so (elite. WILLIS WOODWARD £ CO., J 812 snd Ml Hroadway, New York. Name this paper. wfcylt Mttraavfn 'nima-j •rower of runt Cos* Inga Bay no other bUaftg ood ft ~WTw. TnoiirsoN, saithviita. a*. Name this paper. nov? wkyiurosm Southern Medical College, ATLANTA. OA. Next icsRion of this institution will begin Octobac Ctb. too, snd continue until March 1st, lN>7.ftTbft facilities of the school for giving a complcio medi cal education arc perfect Full clinical Insiructioa tion address DR. WM. PERRIN NTOOIJJON. Dean. P. O. Box Z'A. Constitution BuUelng. DR. RICE, For ig year* at jy Court P**“ — S323IarketStrcct,l InnUairmh, 1 aod btyotauft' . a f.» rtoSt«( Mtraw la <rraa, uml nnm a u J«*i*.«r-Ciftr ftftx, 1.4 ml, M« rent mte Sw-I *>HU IhmtOiM. a*JdMjla3|re fetcSt «Mw raaio«Mf,rt«i4a,ftarftML a («4m waraiar «rvretfC UfUM «( teu, Ua J Imii riW,k.NiMa Of.iqomraiui aareteaerarare ted ia all Cut,