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THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA. GA.. TUESDAY JANUARY 11 1887
FARMS AND FARMERS.
SHORTTALK* WITH FARMERS OH
FARM TOPICS.
BcfirA to raftbutti FerttUeers -Corn and
WkrilSiiniifMd ftrgww«w4W%TM
Sat Fertillaer tor rreaa Laad-lros*.
acre and Ms freperaUea for Market.
rorr Jraring Fertiliser*,
Tbafrnwris often pa-plctid about Hint
blind of fertilizer, bs ihould pwtbuw. Tho
Mac* of thiw havo borame legion; Mch urn-
ufactnrtr hn* rovctal different»kind., cun fur-
■Ifh any kind ono want., and h.n dozens of
masons why hi, are better than tbone of any
bod; elee. Now let us assure our farming
friend, that thU la nil tlio sheerest nonaeuM
A manufacturer often baa from three to aix
> aamo, far the name article; or ifcbcy differ at
all, the difference I, exceedingly trifling and
unworthy of a moment, consideration. AII re
gulable manufacturers uao about the aim a me
terlals and compound them In about tho name
prerortlona There are three leadiog kind, of
fertiknm—acid phosphates, ammonia toil phos
phates, (or guano, aa they are uaually termed)
and varieties, of tho above two, containing
petaih. rhoephoric acid, ammonia and pot
aeh arc tha three euhetaneec In them conalder-
ed rateable. Now, if you wish to mtlafy your-
n lf of tho troth of the atatoment made, that
all the dllferent brands aro essentially the
mute thing, look hf ibo tables of analysis of
fart Hire r» published yearly by tho department
of agriculture or the experiment ela
tion, of the different ttatce. Von will find
tint it the suuth the pboapburli acid (available
varies from between It end 10 to It per cent,
tha amnion la from 2 to 3 per cent, and the pot-ith
from I lo 2 per cent, In goanoe. In add phot-
phalea the pkoephorlo add verlea from 10 to
13 ptr coot. Oao fertilizer of tho name gone,
val dam differ, front another, therefore, not In
the nature of fta content, but In the >|U,ntlties
af them, one m,y contain aomo more of tho
moo rebalance than another. The poiotto
ho leohtd aflrr, therefore, Is tho <|uaatity of
tho above three valuable Ingredients any pnr-
tlrultr brand may contain. Tbla yon ran find
out only from analytl*. Jet tho manalketaror,
or hie agent, preaent a guaranteed aualyets of
hie good,, and then yon can eatlmate their
value In eemparlaon with others. To itliu-
Irate: If a farmer con buy an add phosphate-
containing 13 per rent of available rhoephoric
add it Is0 a ton, tho phosphoric add In It eoats
him PS cents per pound. If he could hny an
nrtlcle containing It per cent ef avallihle phos
phoric add at £23 33 a ton, ho would alao pay
just PS cents a pound for hla phosphoric udil
Would he make or loco by purchasing the
dranr article? There wtmhl be udthcr lam
ner gain, except In the matter of hanllng and
handling, Cjiisutltlrs of each kind which
•onlalncd equal amounta of phosphoric
•eld, would produce equally good of-
faeta on hla cropa. Tho farmer would
have to me more of the cheeper article, lint
more of It sronld coat him no more than a
aamller proportionate quantity of tho dharer
Wilde. At a rule the dearer artlclo In the
cheaper heeauao freights on it am less.
Another point about fertilizers is Is porbape
•worthr of the farmers looking into, to-wlt:
the source of the ammonia contained In thorn.
If tho substance used to farulah ammonia bo
cotton seed meet or dried blood, it Is all right.
If It bo leather scraps, it la another matter.
11 ew la tha fanner to know tho difference?
a general way by the locality where tho fartll-
tier is manufactured. Cotlnn seed maal la
anadc at the south; It la handy to the southern
wannflutnrontbr freight on It to his works is
oulliUieprohaUKIlctarohowilluseU. There
to nothing better. Acid phosphate und cotton
■ted meal mixed in proper proportions, (3 to I)
makes a BntoUxa fertilizer. Fertilizer) made
wear largo alaugbtcrlng retaMlsIunenta are for
like reason apt to contain blood. Much m aro
made in the vicinity of largo shoe manufacto-
riel are mero liable to contain leather eerap.
Analysis, however, la tho main rollnnco of the
farmer; lo ought to study tsblee of analyses
nntll he understands them fully, nud can cab
cnlato for hltnself tho relatlvo value of differ
ent articles. J.et him rely on there rather
than tha atatementa of oitvtongued dealers,
W. L. J.
T11K FARM IJI KSTtON nos.
Dr. W. I. Jones, con ferae d the hlgheet end tafeat
41. W. 8., Conyera, Ua.t I have about twelve
■cratef lend that has Icon In cultivation a few
yreis. I ll,(ml,l ilka to nuko a bale of cotton per
acre this gear. 1 ran inako arraiigeiaeiitrlirr ar
much cotton reed meal and acid phosphate aa I
want. In addition to Utla 1 have aomo six nr seven
tore of atahleand cowpeu manure dial haa hast
aa ruin on It. ThU 1 can easily grind us line us
cotton iced meal, and huvu It dry. 1 would be glad
la boon- the proper qtieucltice of each in too to se
cure the lot result*. The quality s.r laud la gray,
hut la very productive.
Ai yaur hind le productive, It nmst contain
all tho lngrrdieuts nesslcd by plantu In fair
quantity ami proportion. A slvfleiency s»f any
one rrarntlnl auhatanso would destroy Its pro.
dartlveneas. The proanmpllon, therefore, la,
that Id luerrase tho yield, a ,-orapleto, fairly
pro|H>rtlonrd manure should bo applied—one
that will iucreare tho quantity not of ono sjb.
•lame, but of every fertilizing Ingredient in tho
■oil. tiutsif tho aats-rlala yon have, inch an
one can bo made. Mix tone of lot manure will
■How 1,0(10 pounds to an acre. To this add 200
premia of phosphate and 7.1 pounds of rntton
reed meal. Don't ho tempted to mill mors meal
than that. If yunr land produces fairly good
wmsI. The materials ought to be thoroughly
mlicd and put In the drill a couple of weeks
hefore planting cotton, to allow the Ant flush
•f ferineirtatlou of tho meal and stable manure
*• pom by, ethcrwlao the roots of the young
•otton are liable to bo Injures). Wcaroaot pro-
bat'd to eay that the above manuring will pro.
does- a hale of cotton to tho acre; but wo should
emtalnly expect goosl results fhmi it. If you
are willing to risk a larger application to the
acre lacreasa the acveral logredkata in the tame
proportion.
a Bora reeling corn to re'l« here a tendency to
areke them go Mind •
«. Ptceao tell are somethin* admit buckwheat.
What kind of lau-1 la It Odapini tof la (t g,mt f,«
•olttna? Whet* ISSU I get seed? j, p. u.
1. Wheat bran la vary axrelgat food for both
kertca and csdta. It coataina rather too much
alfccaiineua matter (protein) In eomporiam
vrMh tho otkor lagradkata, hot aa long forage
ia cnmlly deficient in protein, a combination
af bran with it makes a fairly well baton,-ed
- fatten. Bran it eoaxtiauw rather loo kvaalivc,
when ftd eontianoaely aad exclusively: in
•aaek eweat the die* mot bo varied oeeaatunaliy.
Iran ip Improved by mlxtnre with corn meal,
and the latter ic likewise Improved hy admix
ture with bran. Dean is rich in phosphates
and for that rvaaoa la valaahlo to ywaag aui-
mala aa a boat producing an balance.
>. Aa udteiva coca‘diet to gone rally sop.
pared to twdne* bllndneaa. So srlde spread a
hr lief la Tory apt to have a grain ef truth lull,
The large amount ef fat in com to quite stim-
■toting to animal* especially In warm wretber,
when It to not needed to heap op the heat af
tkabtdy. Anything which toads to iadigeo-
lisn, affects tbo eyes injuriously. Ogru will
foander a hone, oats rarely or never does. -As.
founder is inflammation, It ahowi that corn to
tOKepUble of inducing it, and if in the foot
why not In the eye.
3. Buckwheat will grow on any kind of Mil.
At the north it to oflcn sown on poor, thin
tolls, to le tuned under ae a renovating drop.
Never heard of its being need for feeding to
stock in Its (rrecn state, and should not think
It adapted to that purpose. Borne seed to raised
in the roogataio* of North Carolina, and oc
casionally to offered far sale hy seedsman in
Atlanta,
J. A.(-'..Centra. Ca.,December 1W.—1st. 1 haven
piece of teeth land, cleared, last winter; the land
has a coat of rotten leaves end flue straw on It;
alto a (no coot of pea vines, 1 want to put it 10 cot
ton next year, and I with to put tivcoly bushels of
cotton Med to tbe acre. I wish to know if It will
pay mate add two hundred pounds of add phos
phate to theatre: or what quantity of phosphate
would pay (scat mixed wlthlthc amount of eottpn
seed i propose to use.
2d. 1 havo another piece of land, that haa been
In cnltlriUon two years, had It In cotton this year.
I made tlx heavy tialta of cotton off of nine acre*.
I had my rows font fret opart, and the cotton
lapped lu thomlddlea'to the cotton would havo
rotted, It the fall had been wet. I used no fertil
isers uhder cotton. What I wish to know, la
u mihl It pay me to put cotton seed meal mid phos
phate under cotton on aald land, and If so, what
quantity of each would give best resold Laud
la dark gray with clay subsoil. IVonld It ho bast to
K t rows wider apart; If bo, wheat distance would
best. Cotton weed waa large enough to have
made (wo hates to tboaere, If it lout frultodlas It
ought; weed waa from four to alx feel tall.
I. Fresh land usually contains a full popply
of nitiogeueuamatter. Fresh land with a coat
of peavtoex to luxe to contain- enough of that
aulitanca In an available terns tor cotton. As
cotton teed to chtody valuable for its nitrogen,
ft to extremely doubtful If largo applications
af that substance would pay on inch land at
yon describe, unites U to naturally very poor.
If it it fairly productive land, wo should bs
Inclined to advise the pso of tho 300pounds of
add phosphate alone, without any cotton seed.
Blit if you prefer to ttao them. It would be
better to reduce tho quantity one-half—say ten
bushels to 240 pounds of phosphate. The
20 bushels of seed would call for 400 pounds of
phoephate to make a properly balanced manure
for such land, and that would bs rather aa ex-
ceseivo application. Except uqder conditions
of very high enltnro (deep breaking, thorough
cultivation, and prarlotut liberal manuring)
such heavy applications will not pay. A largo
portion of tho fortillxrr will not bo rooovered
back lit tho crops produced.
2. Tho rank, largo weed on the land In ques
tion indicates -most clearly that no nitrogenous
manniit I* nctdc-1. As cotton seed mepl con
tains a large quantity of nitrogen—somo six
per- cut—It is clearly not the manure called
for by that land. Whenever there Is large
weed mil lack of fruit, phorphato to the sub-
stance called for. Try 200 pounds of It per
acre In the drill. After strewing It In tha drill,
run a plow through it to mix the soil. If tho
also of the stalks was not tho result of an un
usually wet season, the width of the rows hail
latter be Increased—llro feet would nut bo too
much.
J. It. II., F.ufaula, Ala: How shonld broom com
be prepared for market? Hon- long should tho stem
l-o cut from the head, and how 1s It put ap Cut ship
ment- ran It bo baled like cotton? Wliero can
the teed le procured, and at what price? Abont
bow much per acre will It yield on good land? ll-iw
much per hundrod is It worth? Please answer tho
stove explicitly.
As soon as thebloomtaftillydcrilopod.rut off
the beads, leaving six or eight Inches of stalk
attached; lay them carefully on open racks t>
euro. Sco that the brush la not tanglod, anil
that tho layer on each rack, to not more than
three or four inches thick. After It is perfectly
dry, it Is haled liko bay, using slats to hold
the beads In place, llave seen no seed advor-
llacd recently, and cannot quote prl™.
Neither have we any arcuratodata nv to yield
per acre, or tho present market price, l'rlco
varies from four to eight cents per pound.
THE FARMERS
LEGISLATION FOR THEIR INTER
ESTS IN GEORGIA#
Bradj'a Sill Indore ed by th* Fann«r*-T3#y Com•
Plata That Their interee-s Beocive Sot Scant
Leglafotion- Their Weeds ot^TroubJci
Hade Known-Other jTete*.i
II. D. W., ColumhuN, Mir*.: tVhutl* tho fieri for-
tllizrr fur WAtcnnulon* planted in 1»k>*u «andy
land?
Bach noil call* for h balky manure, abound*
Ing iu Kell rotted vegetable matter, a* n foun*
Uatloii. Wood mold (not leaves), or muck
which ha* Iran sweetened by becoming dry
•ml by fir© cxpoiiiro to air, or tho wvll-rottotl
portloa of \voo«lpllo •entiling* will huswor.
Whichever bo •elected, eomp«*t nt onoo with
••he*, eny four qaart* of a*hc* to u btiahel of
the mnhl 4>r murk. Moi.Mon tho eompo-it thit
tho |»r«»j»cr i hatinc* in it may upcerflly develop.
When ready to prepare the hill* (whichhIi hiM
be ionic tcu day* Itcforo planting timo) mix
with tho alovo compost ouo pound of cotton
•ccd mrnl and a half pound of acid phoiphato.
Mix all very thoroughly. Sow opou Atrram
ten feet vpnrt by ruuning n lnr*?o turn plow,
tho Hr»t ititiml three feet from the seroml, and
then breaking out lx>tween tho two asifbe l*
ding land. This will leave a deep wido w.itcr
Au row. If at cewaiy deepen and widen It still
more with u long, wide «hovd. Mark off hill*
•lung this furrow ten Act apart, put lu nbiuhel
of tbe manure, or a half bushel ftfit if you pro*
fer, astl woik it up tiioroughly with tho soil
m.d iuton broad, fiat hill tome tiireo feet along
the furrow, putting a layer of*oil two iuchc*
thick over the mixed roil and manure. Tho
thorough mixing of toil and manure is of tho
lli>t importance, otherwise tho young plant*
nro linldo (•» lw killed by inch active and aun
tie auUUuciN a* cotton lecd meal and ashe*.
We have never tried it, but for ntarting eurjy
nudone, it Is probable that a little pinch of ni
trate tf *odu placed near the need would serve
a geed purpose. Xo other Nuhataneo aupplioi
nitroftii in »o >>uickiy available form; nnd
whilst th* grouutl i* -.till cool, ami dceom|>od*
lion gw* mi fluwly, this mdMtanee might utini-
ul»te tho plant* to more rapid growth. It
•houhl K« finely ground and mixed ftwely with
c*rth before it ia applied.
C. W, T., Iluntemllle, 9. C.—1 have slot of itablc
and cow Mud mantm* that I want to tako out, but
do not wish to apply to land til) planting lime.
How woulil it do to elean out itable* and ihed* and
put in with add pho*ptiate; «y oue asU'k to
twenty live tashel* uf manure, wet thoroughly and
tramp hard? then cover with plank b> Bhelter Arum
«xmvivc rain*? Would It bo Injured by pUnilng
iimtf j»fahJe* and *tatl« are ao full that 2 hive to
UlsC JOUiO of it out
The method of treating stable manure tint
you MiggeM. In ono that I* very extensively
l.racticfd, ami with most excellent result*.
Fit m the flrtt of Febrtury to plauting time
wtnld not»rcecdthree month*, aud there is no
danger of a rrouctly prepared romieit beotu*
iug irjuivd tn that time. But it mu*t not only
lie properly moiijtenetl and tramped at flrit, but
mu»t U» kept dio!-t continually. If upou ex
amination it is found to bo too hob hole* must
made through the mas* with crowb.tr or
stab, ard vrater nomvd lu freely. Such exam-
iuatiumi fthouhl bo made at short interval*,
■pcciallv at flr>t when fermentation i* apt to
rtxrwiiv*. We regret that we ciunot give
the tddrewcu idol for. The fcrtiliccr ailudwl
to in a juit of your letter not here re-produced,
cry good oue, a* good as aey on the
market, probably; but wo are not prepared to
ray it U kupixlor to all other*.
He I* HratefUI. Mr. B, V. C »uip. of Coring
tcu. Ga. write* Thu Ctmunun n letter ae-
knowlcdglug receipt «>f * hundred dollar* in ca>h,
w h!vh wan our ChrlMBt** rre*entfi)r him. He myt
**m« CDwairwr b* the greetmt paper In the
world. I always got more than my m>mer'<* worth
In itttwcrfblug for U. The hundred dollar prvR'iit
1* that much atiead. le U the earied paper toeau-
ra* for X ever taw, and 1 am proud of being oue of
H» Mend*.*
Becetpta from tboee who drew the other prceetus
willprinted aa they art motived.
Cobb Contiy, On., January 5,1887.—Editor*
Constitution: The formers of (JcorgU have
more to complain of from tho deficiency of
legislation for their benefit and tho pcrverikm
of w hat they get from legislative bodies, hoth
natioMi] and Ante, than any class of people id
the country. Tnr. Co^ktitutiox baa been for
several years the sU-adfa*t friend of the farmer
in the south. It ought to l>e, for in my ac
quaintance Kith two hundred or more of the
b< st formenr hr this county, I do not know
who In not a subscriber to the Weely or, in
many cases, Tiik Daily Cokbtitutiox. They
admire the paper for its determined lUnd in
whatever tends to huild up Georgia, and I do
not remember a single issue directly affecting
the interest* of tho farmer where Tins Coksti-
TUTiow has.not taken a firm and able stand for
their lights., ^or this reason, I wish to call
the attention of the editors of the piper,
and of all interested, to some
of the complaints that I hear al
most daily discussed about the
condition of aflhits alluded to abbvei ■: ■
1. lathero a farmer ’in Georgia 'frho can
♦race a single advantage to himself, personally,
from the agricultural department at Washing
ton? Hs* itboen aify advantage whatever to
our farmers? If It has been, tho advantage has
escaped the Investigation of myself and neigh
bor*. Wo have received a few packages of seed
from our congressmen, hut ia driblet*; not
enough to do any good, and in most cases, of
Inferior kind* not adapted to our climate and
•oil. I have no mean* of ascertaining what it
ccsta to ran this national concern, but I don't
know a former of my acquaintance who would
lose a cent if it was abolished tomorrow. Of
Its operations we know lens than we du of tbe
civil servlet* commlwion and it** requirement*.
2. I do not know of ar single fanner who has
derived any benefit from our state agricultural
department. This seem* queer, bat is
nevertheless trtie. I can Well remember
when this department wa* organized,
how wo wore told it was to help the former. I
was forming then, and have been ever since;
am n gcod nvcrsgo farmer; have good common
sense; some ed oration, and have always been
counted a close observer, hut I cant now recall
but one piece of information which 1 found out
throngh this department, and that is that tbe
faimr ra of this state were paying an average of
fifty»four per cent interest. This information
wo* given in a perfunctory war, but I inve
heard no remedy anggcutcd, nn<l havo. been
waiting patiently for some remedy to cheapen
this enormous interest, and to lessen the ncoea-
sity of the former* becoming borrower?, bu t
havo foiled to find a furrow on that line. Wc
have had volume* on guano. In foot, every
gale that sweep* over the department during
the sessions of tbe legislature, and at another
time, for that'mntter, is redolent with tho odor
of gturao. If a hill is introduced in tho
legislature to give the farmer tho same right
that tho humblest negro has, who makes a
contract for anything In the world but guano,
we aro met with tho era that It iga lick nt tho
formers of Georgia, that they are trying to
cripplotho formers friend, and such stuff as
this. Ono of the rich gnano dealera, I see by
Tnr. CoxwiTtmt, was so indignant about
such a bill pending in the present legislature a
short time since, thtt ho gave notice that tho
C un no dealers would boycott the stato if tho
ill become a law. This would bo a great ca
lamity, hut not to tho former; it will break ap
tho agricultural department, and for my Ufo I
can’t we which will do the former the most
good; both will help amazingly. It is a simple
matter of figures that any common sens) man
ran cipher out, how much will bo gained by
this rash conduct Put doiyn tho
figure* that wo pay for
S uauo In one column, add ibup and then' nut
own tho cost of running tho agricultural de
partment In another column, then add the two
together and *co for yourself how much wilt bo
raved to the poor tax payers of tho stato. Bo
ride* this, bow many men will go to living
manure on their own form*. Manure which
makes tho best and cheapest fertilizer in tho
world when composted with chemicals of tho
Inst brand* that ran he purchased by former*
from first hands, Just whore tho guano dealer
get* it before he manipulate* it with his black
dirt and snud. for which ho charges an enor
mous price. It will givo employment to many
on Idle hand, after tho crops arc gathered. It
will keep tho money in tho slate; ye i, mare, It
will keep the money at home, win re it will do
tie moot good. It make* me sick to read tho
flimsy stuff 1 see in tho newspaper*, In opposi
tion to what is known a* “Brady’s bill.” I
don’t kuuw Mr. Brady, and I have
never read hi* bill, bnt I bnvo got somo infor
mation about its objects and aim*, and if 1 had
not seen a single lino hut what ha* been writ
ten nnd raid against It, I would bo wall satis
fied that It is a good hill and ought to pass.
Yon can smell guano in overy lino of tho at-
tuck* upon tho bill. Wo wore disenadug tho
anhjcct a few dujs ago in my'neighborhood,
after reading an article written from Hawkins-
ville, I think; it waa in TUB CONSTITUTION,
nnd there won itot a man in tho party thntj was
not firmly convinced that “Jlr.idy’s hill" ought
to be a law. Tho truth is, if thU thing con
tinues, and we aro to hornet with oppression
imtc»d of real scrvico from tho depnrtrooht, If
it is to lc used tor tho purposco of depriving as
of legal rights, tho right to plead failure of co.i-
•{deration in purchase* made of guano—then
tho sooner it is abolished, tho better, if uoi
uholUhcd, iu the namo of all that in just ami
trno, call it tho ” department of guano." That
w ill suit Iwlter than tho misnotuor* it now
goes under. Tho farmer* are ran over ami
tramnled in many way*, but you never hear
nnythiug from our department of agriculture.
But you lilt guano directly or indirectly,and it
luuts. Interviews ami correspondents are
busy, and you would think that some villain
wo* trying to shut off the free air of Heaven.
Now whut about the personcl of this depart
ment? Aro tho officer* successful farmers?
Toko the coiumlariouor himself. Is he an y
Utter than his imdicensor, and it wa* s^ld of
hint,that he mild never make a living farming.
They toll me our prevent comniksiouer was a
judge Iwfurc ho was a cotmnUdoncr aud that
he was not succeraftil as a farmer. If this i* trio
while he maybe a clever nun, and doubtless is,
ho i* not tho man tho fanners want. Tuko
his lieutcuunts. Dr. Lawton—I know him to
be a elever man. He gets about three thousand
dtdlats a year salary, I am informed, for in
specting oil and guano, out of this dcpvrtment.
ltut uo man in Georgia over knew of nil farm
ing; 1 never did. lie’s a good brother Baptist
tut he's no farmer that 1 am aware of. Tako
Captain West Murphy, another. Ho gctsaliout
the name salary, 1 presume. He is a lawyer,
made hU money at law or the most of it. llo
a good hu^ne.-* man, a genial gentleman, a
thread politiclau— in fact, a* good a ono a* I)r.
Law tou is; but bo is filling the phire of a good
fuiuur, if wo had an agricultural department.
Mr. Dogcr* 1 do not kuow, except that he U
a brother in-law of tho commudoner. Gen
ii si htoYtall ia another lieutenant. If lie has
fuinud auy since the war, or before.
I have becu unable to find it out. Sow all
these meu get good, large salaries, including
the touiuuftioner and his clerks. Etch ono of
them, more money annually than ten average
turners in any county iu this Mite, and it all
lucte out oi the farmer. Xow. as a simple
qv cflu u cf justice and right, ia it fair? I havo
n» complaint personally, against, these men I
have named. 1 believe them to be clever gcu*
tit men.
If we have an agricultural department for
tie 11 nt lit of the fanners, tho fit offices iu tho
dt partmeut ought net to be filled with judges
doeters, luwTcrs, kiu folks aud L«ucrats It
cught to te filled with fenuer* goo.l Aucccsaiul
farmers; men who havo been able
to make a living; forming;
who ran teach their neighbor how to make
forming MnTcwftrl, who ran write and talk
farmiag like a guano dealer can write aad talk
gnano.
Yon will hear from me again if yen print
this; Uyoo do uot print it you cannot refuse
teeftnse it is not the facts of tho case. .1 cob
j rove St by every man in the state who Is not
interested directly or indirectly, in gnano.
A Home-Mall Fabuks.
Commissioner Henderson Replies.
A Constitution reporter called on -Hon.
J. T. Henderson, commissioner of agriculture, yes*
terdsy, and teked him what bs bad to say in reply
to the letter of “Home made Fanner." Tho com*
mhrioner talked freely. He said:
“X heard the ipeschof Mr. Atkinson on the res*
obitlou to appoint a committee of investigation.
He improved me aa a fair-minded, impartial man,
and as favorably disposed towards the department
of asricultnre. In the course of his remarks, how
ever, lie made a comparison of the expenses of tho
deportment with those of other department* of the
►late government, which does me a manifest injus
tice. lie said, as well as I now remember,
Hud tho total odpensea of the executive, comp
troller general’s ami treo.*nry departments
amounted to only $00,000, while the total expenses
of the agricultural department were about »»,000.
Now. the original appropriation for tbe deportment,
including tbe eomioraioncr's salary and that of hi*
rierk, was il3,‘.00. Heveral years ago the legislu-
uxe authorized 91,000 of tho department printing to
I.e charged to the public printing Ainu. £o tbe
total expenses of the department proper amount to
914,SCO annually. There has never been any in-
citato, except the 91,000 mentioned. But Mr. At-
kimon counts in
THE SALARIES or INSPECTORS
of fertilizers, seven thousand two hundred dollars;
the state chtmlbt, three tnouiand dollars; the cost
of im-pettor's was and other expense# incident to
jthe inspection of fertilizers, ray four thousand eight
which a
the consumers.
‘What ufojt the inspection of fertilizers?"
"J consider the inspection of fertilizers of tho
rreatcM importance to the formers of Georgia. 1
know that the most intelligent farmers—embracing
fomc of the largest consumer* of fertilizers in tho
riiitc—are strongly in fovor of inspection. I heard
Colonel Monroe kcltou, of Macon county, a. large
and tnct eteSvl farmer, and an experienced legisla
tor well known in tho state, say.
week* ago, that ho would
WITUOVT INSPECTION.
Colonel Felton Is only one among many that I
<ouid name who think that the repeal of the in-
►peoUon law would be a calamity to tho ,'pcoplo of
Georgia."
"I do not thinlr the passage of mch a law as that
proposed by Mr. Brady is demanded by any con-
rideroMe numberoflntelligent and upright farm
er* of (ienrgla. 1 ts {tooeago w ould not affect tho dc-
I jirtment In tbe it a*t, m> far as I can see, and my
r iily interest in the matter is dne to my concern as
a citizen for the general welfare.
HONOR OF OEOROTA
and the fpecial regard for the honor and interests
r.f the formers duo to my position. As I under-
ktcr.d the provisions of the bill, it proposes to place
coiitrNrt* tor the rile of cominerelitl fertilizers un
der a different rule from that which governs all
utber contracts. The bill require* that a note given
for fertilizers shall zjxfdfjr hi It* face the consider
ation, under penalty of lino andimprfronment-.and
that uo w aiver by the former, nor tranfer of the
note to other hands ahull defeat his right to plead
that the feitllizcr did not benefit his crop. I see
no resMm for making any sucli distinction,
in Ibe infancy of the use of commercial
fertilizers, and before any system of inspection and
snalyvi* was cafoblished, the only avaiuiijlo test of
the quality of a fertilizer Was tho effect of the
fame on the crop to which It might be applied. It I*
>till n gcod test when conducted with accuracy and
skill, w clghing and measuring, and making proper
allowance for bad seasons, unskillful culture, nog*
•- * etc. Even when experimental rows are care-
’ fold off, and the utmost skill and accuracy
nought to bear, the seasons or other provi
dential conditions often vitiate tho result*, or pre
vent any ceitain or safe conclusions as to the
merits of tlie fertilizer from one year's test. Very
lew farmers conduct any *uch accurate tests, but
most of them rely on the general ‘turnout of the
9rs regardless of seaMins and other condition*,
determine whether tlio fertilizers used have
paid then a room,
.. have reimbursed them for the outlay. Bnt with
the efficient aid of tbe chsmisLundcrarigid system
of inspection, tbero 1* absolutely no difficulty in de
termining with substantial accuracy and certainty
tbe practical value of a fertilizer before It ia distrib
uted in the field, or even reaches tho farm. The
chrml»t, in analyzing a fertilizer, very rarely meets
with any difficulty which prevent* him from arriv
ing at n correct and trustworthy estimate of tho value
of the fertilizer."
"Vo yon think the analysis of a fertilizer la aa ante
a test of It* practical vnlne as the actual uso of tho
isir.o fertilizer on a growing crop? "
*• No. I do not. llut tho chcmUt's test by analysis
lOritirh more convenient and prompt, and at the
mttw time the only method Hint is pcrtcctty fair to
both roller and consumer. Tho chemist i* a very
ccmiwcnt. skillful scientist, nnd n sworn officer.
Moreover, ho is entirely disinterested. He does
not know what fertilizer he is testing, llii
< nly concern I* to get tho truth. On the otho
hand, tbe former who buys a fertilizer, and is ex
pounds nor av liable phosphoric acid and so many
pr nnd* of potn*h; one or more of each ot tnero ele
ments of plant food. A standard fertilizer contains
in each ton not lens than forty pound* of am:n »•
nia :.ud one hundred and slxiynoumT
phcH horic add (two pereontof a
eight per cent of phosphoric acid), Tho dealer
guarantee* those element* to lie present lu the p-ir-
entngo indicated on each sack. If a ton of
eitllizer fold to a farmer actually
ontains the elements so guaranteed,
he farmer l* tmnnd in law And good conscience to
. ay for the fertilizer. If it doe* not contain thorn,
he ouzht not to pay for it. If a-tnan rolls mo gen
uine soda to llghtt u my bread I ouxht to nay Tor It.
h hctlur my wife or ray cook makes goo 1 bread by
It* me or not. The fault may be, its It often I*, with
ihe cook, or the flonr, nr the want of an arid, or
prefer kneading and bnkiog. It in iny bttrincM to
tee that aii tho conditions required for making
d have bccu observed, before Ire''
t>ucd bread 1
u! Ihcqpalit .... ...
i* ids privilege amlj hi* duty t
I complain
, „ know what elc
.ts, and In what proportion, bis roll or
Tilt: rAii-Urn.Ait crop RKqt iui3>.
It l* id* privilege aud duty to know Imw to prepare
tin- Mai. apply the fertilizer aud cultivate the crop.
If he i; nemntly !>uj *, or uu*kllfnlly cultivator, or
ITovidcnce rend* ndven-e *ra*on«, and Ids crop
fa l« to be remunerative, lie nhoulil not dcriroto
'put tbe Manic cn tbe fertilizer. But tho dealer
riiciiid k«» held to rite letter of hU contract.
**W hat do you thluk would be the practical re
suit ef the cuacimeut of stich a Iaw? ,r
"1 do not believe the manufacturers would yield
. its rveuiremeut*. In other word*, they
would routine their rales to a ra>h bod*
ver)’ few *eUtt a time customer*.
goods to rover the iurn-toed tfok of failure to col-
ct. £o t be humor* would dnubtlem Utvvo to pay
ire for fertilizer* in return for the mipposcd privl-
r nrd pro*cotton of the Brady law. On the
bole, I think the t^liey of tho proponed law In «rn-
»c and uot culeulated to bcuent anybody but
uitt flicfob*.
Tomniwloner, what havo you got to soy about
the nrtlcle that appeared in thin morning’s Coxsti-
r on duned "Homemade Farmer?*’
*oh, well. I don’t see that it demands very seri
ous attention. ‘Homemade Former’ aee.u v b» think
that tbe department was created to supply formers
v\ ith office* and palsrie*. since the burden of hi*
cemplnint is that the inspectors of fertilizers me
rot former*. He meutinn* by name only nryrolf.
Dr. Lawton,(J. W. Mnrphy aud O. T. Kogers, the
latter Ivin* Inspectors. I have been a former oil
«uy life.
latming than any hu»ine»s lie ever followrc-J.
Murphy baa been a farmer, a country-born son of a
farmer. Mr. Fate ts an old former and *til! a for
mer. Mr. Jore* is an old former. But It is not ail
ueressary that an inspector should be a former, or
thcM-nofa farnnr— ur.lc?*. aa Mr. "IIotuetuAde
Fanner" rooms to. think, the office of inspector
was crested rimply to be filled by a farmer.
A Chance for Health
Is afforded those fast sinking Into a condition
of hopeless debility. The means are at hand.
In the form of a gettial medicinal cordial, Has
ten cn Stomach liitters embodies the combined
qualities of a blood fertilizer and depnrent, a
tonic and an alterative. While it promotes di-
get-1ion and asrimuhtion, and stimulates appe
tite, has the further effect of parifying tho life
current and strengthening the nervous system.
As the blood grows richer and pnrrr by its u-v,
they who resort to this sterling medicinal agent,
acquire not only vigor, bnt bodily snbs ancc. A
beautiful change in the secretions is effected by
it. and that sure and rapid physical de^iv,
whkh a chronic obstruction of the functions
of the system produce, is arrested. Tho prime
cameo of discsro being removed, health ta
speedily renovated and vigor restored.
drew -Mood Harris Tobacco."
. A' CXUVEKIFS TALK.
From the BIchmand Dirpatch.
Unless fbrther executive action Is taken on
January 14, twelve days henee.-Cluverius wUlbe
execsted for the mnrder of Fannie Lillian Madi
son. He was ririted yesterday by Mr. Ber. Cramp,
one of his counsel; Rev. Dr. Hatcher and Bar. Mr.
Pitt and late in the evening by a representative of
the Dispatch. He appear* to be in good health,
and ail ibo prison officials lay that he Is uniformly
cheerful and pleasant. They, one. and all, declare
that he Is "the most remarkable man thoy ever
raw," meaning that they never knew any one in
bis situation to bear up with such qpodjkce and
strong resolution. After, getting Cluverlos’s con
sent to Ulx, the Dfrpatch man fold; .
Yon still declare jpor innocence?
I am innocent, he re^onded..
Have you always and to all.nuadonf so?
I have. *
Have yon ever said that if you must die yon
would implicate others?
I never have.
Then with yoor latest breath you wJJl proclaim
your innocence?
I have nothing to proclaim. Borne persons who
have pursued mo with the bitterest malignity seint
o be getting uneasy lest theirgretd after sensation
thould contribute to enuring the sacrifice of my
life. I am innocent and can never say aught else.
You ray that you relied upon Mr. Henley to
prove so alibi. Did yon teU Epps and Bofiins that?
W hen I asked tho officers for Information they
refused to give mo any. “I followed tbdf example,
and mid very little about the c«e.
WHY HE PID NOT CO BEFORE Til* CORONER,
Pr. Taylor on two different occasions gave you
opportunity to testify before the coroner’s jury.
' Why did you not go before It and proclaim your
innocence, and call upon Henley to prove that ho
saw you at Mozart hall?
The case waa then in the courts; tbe coroner
could not have d if mi wed it. Nothing I might
havo said would have been evidence at that time.
Therefore, I wa« advised to say nothing.
What induced you to go into trial when yon did—
at a time when. According to your friends, "the
populace" wa* very excited and loudly demanding
yonr blood?
It Is true, a* everybody knows, that the populace
wa* excited to An nmuual degree. This is aeon
from tho foct that from aclty of :o,000, after unaiuai
diligence, a Jury could not be obtained. But it
seemed to be growing rather than diminishing.
Moreover, knowing that I was innocent I had no
special dread of a trial and wished, for obvions
reasons, to be restored to liberty as soon as possible.
Tho George W. Scott Premiums.
No scries of agricultural experiments, were
ever conducted in a southern state that created
more interest and brought about better results
than those under the prizes offered by the Gosiyp-
ium Fhoopho company, of which Messrs. Geo. W.
SooU A Co., of this city, are owners. In the second
yesx of these experiments results were reached In
cotton and corn planting that had never been ap
proached by a stato fair. For fifteen years tho
southern states hare been holding annual stato
fairs, and under the very heaviest prizes, stimulat
ing the production of cotton aud corn per acre.
None of the experiments induced under theoo pre
mium lists come in the neighborhood of the results
achieved by the farmers In Alabama, South Caro
lina and Georgia under the Gostypium prizes.
There ha*been great interest to know what the
premiums for this year would be, and how work
was progressing on them. Tbe followii
from the Capitol throwa aomo light on
Ject:
PROGRESSIVE FARMING.
A short time ago tho Capitol published a full ac
count of the offer of premiums by UeorgoW; Scott
A Co., together with the names of tbs contestant*
and tha results of the experiments A large nura-
ITCHING
Skin Diseases Instantly Re-
lieved by Cuticura.
rpREATMEKT—A warm bath with Current*
1 Soap, and a tingle application of Cl ticura,
(Be great Skin Core. ThH repeated daily, with
two or threedoses of CimctBA resolvent, the new
Blood Purifier, to keep the blood cdol. the perspir
ation pnre and unirrifaUng, tho bowels opeu, the
liver and kidneys active, will speedily cure Ec-
ECZEMA ON A CHILD.
Your most valuable Cvnrrna Remedies have
Sone my child so much good that I feel liko saying
this for tha benefit of those who arc troubled with
tkfn dilease, My little girl was troubled with Kc-
and I tried several doctors and medicines,
uu«uik>i> «uu uvw iik ui]mui rrj’uwuuci
the article, and issues a much larger extra edition
than before.
The demand for there papers speaks well for tho
farmers, anturlng, as It does, the great interest they
tako In fertilizem. It also speak* i * **
itt A Ca, and flbow* tho high
their fertilizers, and the high appreclatl.. _ ...
which the agricultural class holds this firm and Its
manufactures.
There is no doubt that tha great question or to
day with tbe farmers, is how to increase the fer
tility of their land a, so os to get greater results with
no increase of labor. To do this fertilisers must be
u*cd. To decide which are bc3t they must bo
te«tcd;and it is herein that George W. Scott & Co.
have riiown thcm«elven tho benefactors of tho
farmer*. They havo encouraged, by the offer of
large premium*, the severest and most thorough
tezt of their fertilizer*. Tho result ha* been that
farming has received an impube in .South Caro
lina. Georgia and Alabama, Mich as it has not had
.Increasing
itio every yi
become me
menwhonsed tho Go»ypinm pho*ph<
forms ho* been due, ofcourro, to tho »t>vu«uMui
advice and suggestions under which tho test* were
made; but very much more credit must bo gtveu to
the Gossyplnm phospho ifrelf, which stands r
by results to be without equal a* a cotton au<
and cereal food, i hk CoN.vnumox, from tho first
rcKvnTVTioir. Will you be so kind
fanners who make over five bale* of cotton and
over Ho bushels of eom per ncre, to give the rosier*
of The ConstlTtvioN tho benefit of tho experience.
Mk them to givo mode of preparing land, cultiva-
Ur n, amount of fertilizers used, how applied nnd
ahrn wed, etc. a* in medicine, so In ngri-
culture, there should be no secret methods Hy
attending to the above you will obligomany friend*
isus oy wmen every acre or eouon ana every acre
of com that have took a prixo under thcGoa*ypiiini
j>lio«i.hn competition was prepared, planted and
harvested. Tbcto dot Ails were fttrnlahod by tho
fanner* themselves, under oath, to the eoramlttoo
which decided tho prizes, aud,'after being revised
and amplified, weto printed In Tux CoNSTftorioN.
The edition containing them wa*
scou exhausted, but tho good dono
by spreading this information can
hardly be crtiinated. Wo shall of conrro print let
ter* from each coutcatanl who wins a prize In tho
coming trial, aud shall try to moke the matter
plain to every reader.of The Constitution, lnicn-
rive farming is the only *uccc»ftil theory for the
iutr.re, and the details and mqrfiod* of tho content-
acts In Geo. W. Scott A Co.’s competition will do
more to teach the farmers how to makd two blade*
of gras* grow where ono grow before, or to get five*
bale*of ration from one acre, than atl tho experi
mental stations in the southern stater. Wo fol
lowed up tho storiea of the farmer* who won tlio
prizes in the last competition by sending spocUlenr-
reipcmients to the farms on w hich the wonderful
crop* were made, and writing them up In detail.
This counc we shall follow with the winner* of this
year's prizes, as soon it* they arc announced.
Texas Has a Rig Hog.
Cedar Hill, Dallas Co., Tex., January 4.—
Editois Constitution: 1 notice in yonr p.jjw ; r
that a hog weighing500 pounds had been killed
in Georgia. Xow, wo can beat that In Text*.
One was hilled hero that weighed 1,100 grow.
Hood's^ Sarsaparilla
Comtilnfs, In a manner r«nUar to ltaclf, tbs
beta bloodqmrlfyiag and itKnftbentoi rent©,
die. ot tbo vegetable kingdom. You will And
this wonderful remedy efleetlro where other
medicine* hive failed. Try It now. It wUl
I-arUy your blood, regulate tbo digestion,
and give now Ufa and vigor to tbe entire body.
"Hood's SanapartlU did mo great good.
I was tired out from overwork, and It toned
tneup.’* Has. G. E. SatxONo, Cohoes, N. Y.
“ I soffered three years from blood poison.
I took Hood's Sarsaparilla and think 1 am
cured." Mm. 1L J. Davis, Brockpoct, N. Y.
Purified the Bloody*
r Hood's Sanapaillla to characterised by
three peculiarities: 1st, tha combination ot
remedial agents; 2d, the proportion; id, tha
process ot encoring tbo active medicinal
qualities. Tbo remit U a medicine ot unusual
strength, effecting cures hitherto unknown.
Bend (or book containing additions! evidence.
“Hood’s Sarsaparilla tones np my system,
purities my Mood, Sharpens my appetite, and
seems to make mo over." J. r. luonrao!;,
Heglstor of Deeds, Lawell, Uass.
"Hood's BarsaporUls beats all others, and
f Hood’s«Sarsaparilla
Sold by oil dnrgtdsta. |1; eta foegj. Mods
^ntybyCLHOOD fa OQl, Lowell, ktaos.
.100 DososlOneiDollaN
which 1 owe rott many thauk* and many nigiita of
rest. ANTON BOSdMIEB, £d»burcii,Xnd.
TETTER OF THE SCALP,
liras almost perfectly bald, caused by Tetter ot
as it ever waj p CHO i C e, Wntnenono, Texas.
COVERED WITH BLOTCHES,
I want to tell you that your Cuticura Resol
vent is magnificent About three months ago my
face was covered with Blotches, and after using
three bottle, or JtuoLvmg'UrM^facU^nmd.
23 Bt. CnABLfcsT 8t ; New Orleans, la.
OF PRICELESS VALUE.
I rannnt speak in too high terms of your Cun-
s worth Its weight In pure gold for iklu
Sold everywhere. Price: Cuticura, 50 cents:
Boar, 25 cents; Resolvent, 11.00. Prepared by tho
Potter Drug and Chemical Co., Boston, Moss.
Send for (( How to Cure 8kln Disease*.”
PIMPLES, Blackhead?. Skin Blemishes and Baby
•lAlu Humors, uso Cuticura Soar.
BENT WITH PAIN. 1
a
.jrs Anti-Pain Pin,ter. Never
fall.. At dnuntlst. 23 eta; live Iter II.
Potter Drug and Ctwmlcal «'o„ Burton.
tpeolwklysuwo
Educational Gold,ndth’nSchool
OPIUM
H—tlonthii rapt- OoAii^-dir wed frt «m wky
A Chance for Everybody.
Cards, Bill Heads and Note Heads at same prices.
Samples for four
for t lienp l'rimiutr.
”1 lie I’riuUj | m
BH3SS,
Mention Tn» Constitution.
T? A TTNTVQa its causes, and a new
«bd successful CURE at
your own home, by ono who was deaf twenty
it years. Treated by raori of tho noted special-
— without benefit. Cured himself In three months,
and since then hundred* of otheix Full portion*
Mrs rent on application.
T. & PAGE, No. 41 West nistst, New York City,
Name this paper.dco 7, wky
MWtlSMj
ItKamo this paper.
WftPTT Fon A !.^ •30 ■ —»*>« sndeiponsea
free, faftfiekl
— Valuable nutlit and particular.
— j’ICKKBY, Augusta, Uaine.
Mama this jwpor.oetl»-wkj2K
Kg-SgaMOWSl
■BaUraoryotlllflfofp.iDtabfmouTbJBl
;,i.iff r-Iil (?rr. y.-„,iT’t is k- - >•-
± tJfact* lnffUnt atffrfttttaa.
F>0QXC0..1aOl?i,f|
BEES AND HONEY.
i NTERESTING ILLUSTRATED PRICK LIST OF
I uprated hires and everything needed lit profit-
fit bee culture free. Nothing patented.
J. M. JENKINS, Wetumpku. AUl
Eg PSiwiiransi^e??."—,
■tfi "scin.vcK or HKAtfrii.” to,,
-mMdJ’rar.oIrf.rrou. UeMlltr.LiwIUubood.
Name this paper.
turn thus sat wky
PIUM HABITtSKWSSh
$5
Ca, Holly. Mich.
IH3S5
I'ifatMMlarrvaatad. •IjOANkcO.MaaafoetvTSrsB
JLiwheU*.ria LcaLuSr f>4 Oeocse bt., cad*mui,0.
Name this prper. J’tnelS—wkyly
Maine. Name this paper. octlf—wkyfo taa
jssrstsfsi'i
1 tv, Gcorxta.—-tho Atlanta Constitution Fubllsh*
IngCcrapany Irespectfully represent* that, on tho
2M cf April. 1*7*. it wss ereatM a body corporate
btfthc Scpolor Court of Fulton county. Georgia.
In the chatter then granted to petitioners, tbe cap
ital stock of tetltioncrwx* fixed atone hundred
thouracd .lollara. Petitioners bmlncashx» t largely
extcnd^l and inereiwed and It de^res Itejncrnasn
fra capital xock to one million dollars. Therefore
petitioner* respectfully preys that U* charter he re
•mended *s to give it power to lnciwuelu capital
itork to uid turn. Thl« January Id. 1*7.
ATI H tX CONSTITUTIO N ^PU BL18HINQ CO,
By HOPKINS A GLENN, Attorney*
I a true extract from the rerowfo of Folfoo flmp
j rfi^t^JjfLM* 7 . C.IL8TMOSO»a£2r