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THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA. GA.. TUESDAY JANUARY 25 1887 FARMS AND FARMERS. SHORT TALKS WITH FARMERS ON FARM TOPICS. XcwX>*«Mko«HI Konara Pat fa Uis Oronnd?- Uow to Boaters Old «od Xxfctn»to4 I^*d-Cuj- tiTAUBfi ika reMM-Pk* Atvutarn of tb* Uw of Ouao-Osbtr Votn. How Deep Should Manure be Pat la th« Ground. A northern farmer would answer, that mv xuire dors mo^t good spread on the surface. Why? Realuse his elimste is relatively cob) and damp, and hia crops arc grass and small grain; and these are fibrous-rooted plants, whoso feed- ng roots are near the surface. His plan is to estter manure on the surface and work it in with a harrow. Rain water dissolves out the soluble portions, and carries them down a little deeper, just about to the depth where tho roots are most abundant. This is all very well, and the same method would answer for grain and grass fields at the south also. But what of eotton and corn fields? For there, maoure Is generally put in a furrow, at seme depth below the surface. Is there a good reason for that? Assuredly thero is. Corn and cotton make their growth during the dry* •stand hottest portion of the year. The sur face soil is liable to become dry for one, two or three inches in depth. Roots cannot live io ibis dry, hot layer of soil—they must go deep er. The must seek moisture at lower depths. Hence manure must be put deeper in the soil to be near tho roots, and to be in contact with mflinent moisture,- for its solutionsof the ma nure to be 01 proper strength. Experiments have khown that one part of manure in one thousand of water makes a solution most favorable to the growth of plants; that two and three parte of manure to ouc thousand of Water, makes a solution quite healthful to some plants. It is obvious, therefore, that depth cnonghto seenro sufficient moisture to make solutions of proper strength is a very impor tant consideration,especially where manure ie massed in a drill, rnfniling moisture for said purpose cannot be relied on, even during mod •rate droughts, at a less depth than flonr to five inches below tho top of the bed, as the 1>cd stands after the crop has been plowed and hoed •vcr. This would roqulro that the manure bo put fully three inches below tho general sur face before the beds aro made. Now inanuro ought not to lie immediately upon hard, un broken soil. It ought to be In a loose layer of Soil through which water can freely circulate and the roots of plants readily permeate. Hence the soil ought to be broken still deeper than three inches. Five inches is as little as Will at all meet the requirements of tho case. Wo conclude then, that tho deeper the soil is broken, the ilcei>cr manuro may be put in it for summer crops. Especially is this truu of clay soils. In loose, saudy soils, manure has «uch a tendency to sink downward, it uuty bo placed rather nearer the inrfacc in them than in those abounding in clay. W. L. J. W. (K McC-—, Mantua, Ala.: Tim Con- fmTVTiow will publish ne soon ns It can 1>o prepared and obtained, tho information yen ask for concerning premium crops. Cotton seed, phosphate and kainit in right proportion Mho as good a fertilizer ns any on the markot THE FARM QUESTION BOX. By W. I* Jones, confessed tho highest and safest acrieultnrai authority in the south, presides over this department. Ilo solicits practical suggestions ftora farmers and others Interested. T. D. 11., ML Olivo, Wayne county, N. C\, Jauun- xy ft, 1M7: 1.1 pen my sheep on a lot and litter it with pine straw and woods mold. After it Is well tramped 1 haul in more. I want td make largo plies oi It by the flrat of February, and put about two hundred bushels of 6mton seed and one hun dred and fifty bushels of stable manure to 4 three hundred or threo threo hundred and fifty loads of the manure from tho sheep lot. Would It be advli. •tie to add Milt, lime, potash or auy other fertiliser to it if 1 put all or it on eight or ten acres of land that will make a little over threo-<|tmrtcrs of a bate •f cotton to the acre? J want to make a halo to tho •ere on the laud. 2. I want to mix snmo with woodsmold. Will It lore anything hy using water to slake It with. 3. I have n mar*h that covers thrf e quarters of an acre. It is a little nprtheast of »y fcou'e—about two hundred end fifty or three hundred yards of tho )iou<«c. 1 want to mako a Ballpoint of it. Do you think it would injiuo tho health of the place if I dig a dlte hffour feet wide, four to five feet deep, in a zigzag manner through It? 4. WUI carp thrive in this section? ft. Do you think that soda, potash and magnesia, mixed with •table manure and rot ton seed. Is as good os wdva*#« arid phosphate mixed with the same in- gredidutaf it is much cheaper. .1, It would bowHl to add about a ton of acid phevpbato and a half tou of kainit to the other things named. Balt would not be nccdodif kainit is used, because kainit contains u good percentage of salt. Llmo might help to de compose tho pino straw, and thus servo a good purpose If scattered over tho lot just aftor a Arsh lot of pine straw was spread over It. •• No, the llmo will loso nothing by slakiug with water. It ought to bo slaked so ns to bring it into a powder, so that it may bo prop- trly mixed with tho mold. *“• l>o not thiuk tho ditch would breed dls- fuse any moro than tho marsh docs nt present. 4. (tap are said to thrivo very well in all tho southern state*. * ft. No. Asarulo phosphate Is greatly supe rior to the substitutes named. H. M. Oconee, Ga.: j. Would It l* difficult to return a Maud of broom corn on laud infested by “bud worm?*' 2- .Are the seed good on food for poultry and stack? 8. In preparing for market are the seed taken •IT, ami how beat •lone? I. We have uo experience or reports on this point, but think it protablc the bud worm would provo troublesome with broom •era as well os with ordiuary corn. 3. Rroctu corn seed arc good food for poul try and stock: about the aaiuo as ordiuary sorghum seed. 3. The broom corn is cut before the seed ma ture, but the chafl' or hulls are removed he- fere marketing. Wo arc not advised as to the Ltd method of doiug this, •If. A. C., Falrbum, Ga : t. I'lcaxc tell us tho tbcapeM plan of rcatoriug old and exhausted laud, fur a t-cnou ot limited menus. i Would the pecan be profitable on such land In this couutiy ? If so, how, &ud u hat distance apart Mh«iM they be planted ? a. I base twelve or thirteen acres of fre-U np 1 aed.upon which cottou kn* been grown, nud atom eight that I cleared the past winter, which 1 wUh to plant In cotton thin year. Cotton upon tills laud unless fertilized, is incite- cd to grow slender, jbe bolls arc small, hard, black and do not open fiappy atnl wall. What does this Indicate as Icing most norc-sary lB^eparlug a well balanced fertiliser for such I have fertilized tome of it with cotton reed aud stable nmuure with moderate results. Guano does very well, but it seems to t*e deficient In some ele- MtmU that Is required by the land. Where a trsdi Us Is burnt it products well. Would acid phosphate and kainit combined make a good fertilizer for such laud, where eoa »u seed and manure was used last year, or on tho u.»v —bih). tlrap manure is needed for that purposd—a compost of woods mold with ashes and lime, la probably one of the cheapest and best. Lay off rows three feet apart, put in compost as you would for cotton, and plant peas about the first of Jane. Hy early and close siding* with sweep or scrape, no hoe work will hs required. Let the peas mature; pick enoagh to rested the land next year, aod feed off the remainder by turning hogs on them. In Hcptember sow the land in rye, one busb**l to the acre. The rye may be lightly grazed in fall and spring when ground is dry, but not later than tho first of April. Allow it to mature seed, cradle it high, so as to leave all straw possible on tho Innd and then plant in pens, manuring again ns before. The peas fed to hogs, and the seed rye in excels of that required to reseed tho laud, ought to pay for all manure aud labor. Keeping up this treatment for three or four years, such land ought to get in good heart, and be ready to receive a judicious rotation of ordinary crojw w ith customary manuring. 2. The pecan would grow very slowly on such land and take 12 to 1ft years to come into bearing. If tho laud would grow hickory well, it would also grow pecans. They should be planted .'10 feet apart each way, manured with ashes and woods earth, and cultivated regularly for some years, or until thoy become well established. 3. The fact that cotton grows well where trash piles are burnt, seems to indicate that potash is the lacking substance. If so, the usual compost of phosphate, kainit, manure and cotton seed, would probably give good re sults. The usual proportion might bo varied— thus: 200 pounds each of phosphate aud kainit to 20 bushels each of manure aud cotton scod, and half of above quantity of tho compost ap plied to an acre. II. II. F.. Maple Grove, Cherokee county, Ala — 1. i have nboti* a ton of hen house manure 1 wish to ute on ration this year. Please let me know how to manipulate it to the t ext advantage. This manure has been nicely taken rare of and i» per fectly dry, having i ecu kept under shelter »11 the time, sod has nothing In It but the pure dropping. Will it do to mix ashes with it? Hy spring I will have a considerable amount of these. 2. How deep should stable immure be putln the ground and bedded on for cottou? 1. One ton of chicken manure, two tons of acid phosphate, and otto ton of kainit mixed togethe r, would mako an excellent fertilizer, and would suffice for thirty acres moderately manured; or twenty acres highly manured. Chicken manure mixed with ashes would make a good fertilizer also, but thero is danger of the oldies driving off’ammonia m noon os the mix ture gets damp. If both manure and ashes nro perfectly dry, they may bo mixed with impunity, aud could then be put in drill and luted on immediately. Thus managed, the danger of lots would be very small. Rut one should be vory careful about mixing any am miniaral manure with ushes. 2. As stated elsewhere In this issue, manuro ought to be not less tiinu three inches below the general surface before the land is bedded, Subscriber, Warren ton, Va.: What Is the proper time to plant < wage nranga seed in this latitude, »>ay thirty eight degrees north. How arc the seed prepared far planting? The seed aro prepared for planting, hy pour ing hoi ling water on them and letting them foak, ssy for n day. They ore then plhntcd at once before they aro allowed to dry. They may be plauttd st the tiiuo of the earliest corn planting. W. W. E., cascade, Va.—Where can I get a paper that is published in tho Interoat of tho poultry trade? Also, where I can buy the moat improved stock? Address, Poultry World, Hartford, Conn. I have about .'"i >»>’ fNofeott.'N reed and a»o .• the HUB* at stable ur.d I.-t manure |.!wu t- : • • what I need, and low tome i: ’-•* to • »-c.: al- Yfcaiai*. I. First break the land deep, G to > inches, os the soil on inch laud ;.s u-ualiy thin, do not torn it ever, but break with a scooter—a tvr >- kerse scooter is best, but iu the absence of that •se a long ami very narrow scooter on iron- I fsit plow. Tim next step It to secure a good I growth of pens. How tods that moat •eonomi- • "a, lam cf the •pinion that the drflcieacyof pot- Otflj it a question Ml jet fhliy sslved. A I ato especially, is toe cause of rust in cottou and U. R.. Griffin, Ga.: Which do you thiuk the bast for compost, talt or acid phosphate, or both, aud In what proportion should they be uftd? Acid phosphate la much hotter than nd^ for mixing with stall manure and cotton seed. Where uo kaloit is usod, a little salt may be added to somo advantage. It has little tnsnurial value within itself, but serves to induce chem ical action in other substances, and thus indi rectly becomes a manuro. Tho usual propor tion is to sixty bushels of raamiro nud seed odd four hundred pounds of acid phosphate and say two hundred pounds of salt. B. P. Oot list logs Valley, (la.: 1. In your odl torinh in Tit* Constitution you have a great deni to say about guano. Please give us your views as to whether the south has gained anything by Its uw; and if so In what way has U been beneficial. 2. Please explain bow land plaster benefits crops; \\ bat kind of crops It helps the most; what kind or soil Is most benefit ted by its use; what way should It be applied to obtain the best result? 1. Whether tho south bus, up to tho present time gained in dollars ami coats by tho uso of gttano, is quite doubtful. In tho first placo farmers have generally paid too high’prices for it, in tho next place they havo often used it very injudiciously, and lastly, its use has en couraged excessive production of cottou. But it does not follow from this, that guano is a bad thing and ought not to be used. Those who havo bought and used It judiciously, havo luado money by it, nud others may do tho same. The farmer who saves and makes all tho manure ho can on his farm, nud then helps it out with somo guauo, if pursuing tho wisest possible course. The practice of making composts, which is now so generally followed, is tho final outcoino of a long nud rather rostly experience, but if it is judiciously pursued, will bring increased pros- pei ity to tho country. But of courso such practice must go hand iu hand with other thing*. Exclusive cotton cult mo mast givo way to raising more provisions and stock, and rotntiou of crops and rc.riing of land must co operate with judicious manuring. More cron- ouy and moro business methods are likewiso demanded. Iu the absence of these, it is hard ly fair to lay all the blame on guauo. 2. The actiou of plaster U not well under stood. ( Sometimes it produces wonderful re sults; again it utterly fails. Ouo of the expla nations offered K that it releases and makes available potash which is locked up iu tho soil. Sometimes it may supply needed lime and sulphur, but this canuot well explain itj vt ry striking auiou in some coses. A prevalent notion is that it absorbs and fixes the ammonia of the air. This it may do to a limited extent, when it is at or near tho surface of the soil aud is wet. This good work is, wo think, very largely over estimated. There is a common opinion that plaster absorbs atmospheric moisture and lcmn* the cilccta of drouth, but experiment pn.ves it to be oue of the poorest absorbents. \Vo leave off, therefore, by repeating wbat wo said nt fiibt, that the vrholc matter is involved iu dcuht aud uncertainty. Whether plaster will produce g«»od remits or not in auy given case, (nu be ascertained by trial ouly. One cannot predict whether it will benefit spar- titular soil or not. Its effects are most marked < n clover and other legutuiuous plants, applied os a top-dressing. . K. \v.. UuUcge, •..!.—l. Does nltrpgen cute; tou one t>r Its organic constituents. , in It of any benefit t.' cotton ur a fertilize: lit ;i iiuMnxtlou wiih bydnycn fonutm I cv* net ammonia act upon the organic ele ment* of the K>U like lime. |>o:a>h and ; oda: but tnorv |«ouerhtlly. Po those alkalies batten the de ray of vegetable matter In d.e >oil, rendering it vo luble in water. 4. Do they combine with the organic acids of the aoit and do not there alkalies produce other change* iu organic elements of the sap of cottou, etc., thus fitting these elements for a«imtlation. the yellows oi the peach tree. I have no faith in tho exirtence of spores and rust germs. 1 want the proof of their existence. 6. Is the soluble bone and potash better than (simple acid phosphate, for composting with cotton and stable manure. akS 7, Would the addition of common salt improve* coropott. if so, bow much should be uwd per 100 pounds of the soluble l>oue and potash. ]. Yes, it does. 2. In combination with oxygen it forms nitilc acid, and this, uniting with some base, forms nitrates. These (the nitrates) are the most active nitrogenous manures—indeed, it is regarded probable tliat nitrogen in most, if not nil cases, enters plants in the form of nitrates. It unites with hydrogen to form ammonia also; but this ammonia, when in the soil, is constant ly changing into nitrates. 2. Yes; ammonia acts like potash and soda on the organic materials of the soil, hastening their duay and increasing their solubility. 4. Yes; these atlialles unite with the organic odds of the soil. What spednl changes, if any, they produce in the sap of plants is not known ft. Any ono with a very high magnifying power could show you “spores and germs” in some forms of “rust,” such as that of wheat and other grain. Cotton rust is not so clearly xuado out. 0. No, it is not better; for w hen kainit is used, it supplies an abundance of potash; and when it is not, there is a fair supply of potash In heth manure and cotton *ced. 7. If kainit is used thero is no need for salt, as it contains a good deal of salt. When no kainit is used, about ftO pounds of salt to 100 of add phosphate may be put in a comport. (f. IV. M., Lime Branch, Ga.: 1. I would like to know what varieties of tobacco would suit this section best on slaty or gray land? Where can 1 obtain seed? and at what price? 2. Does the Mato chemist make analysis ol sam ples of mineral ores or waters free of charge? 1. Wc huvo never taken much stock in to bacco culture, regarding tho crop us very ex hausting to the roil, and one that required a very largo amount of expensive hand labor. Hence wo are not fully infoimcd as to the best varieties or the dotails of cultivation. But of course wo should bo glad for our read era to have all tho information thoy wish on tbo suited, and would bo obliged to anyone for answering the inquiries about tobacco. 2. The stato chemist docs not make analysis free of cost for private parties. is the kind wc have used for many years andfc have been well pleased with its workings. W. R. C., Lisbon, Texas.—Can you tell me how to kill out Johnson gran, where it is iu bunches over the field? 1 hare (fug up some, but find It takes too much time and work; will salt kill It; If so, bow be ft to apply it? Is alfalfa hard to kill out, if you want to cultivate after It? , It is very difficult to eradicate Johnson grass. Have never tried salt, but presume it would kill it, if enough was placed directly over the lunches. But the salt would also kill the land for several years. Careful digging is probably the most reliable plan. Somo alfalfa might linger for awhile on land that was ploughed and cultivated in other crops, but not enoagh to amount to anything. It is in no sense pc st. Moreover, if ono has a good patch of it ho would never care to get rid of it. B. W. 8., Indiantown, Camden, X. C.: Near the northern limit of cotton ralsi* g, we need an early opener. What seed would you advise? I see the J’eterkln advertised in your columns, would they suit ns? I think any feed from the south would be an advantage to us. You need seed from some locality north, rather than south of you. The farther south you go, the more slowly cotton matures. Be ing yourself on the northern limit, you can get none north of you, but possibly you could get seed from somo mountain district on your lati tude. Elevation changes climate, and makes it similar to points farther north. Of the vari ous cotton r-ceds advertised for sale, we arc un able to give their comparative tarlincss, but do not think tho Fcterkiu distinguished for early maturing. THE CHOP REPORT. r. K. F., Colebrldge, Ala.: 1. I have some half breed Beikinhe pigs that have every appearance of bciug foundered. They rcem stupid, aud lio down oil the time. They retain their flesh and appetite, tut do net grow any, and don’t grow after thoy get well. It lasts about two weeks, and those not affected In that way nro as large again ns the ones that have. W’liat causes it? What will prevent It, and what will relieve It? 2. 1 also have a fine variety of plum that blooms very full, tut sheds about half of the fruit with the bloom, and the other half when tho seed com mences to form, it bus never rij>cncd a plum. It Is a grafted tree on randy land, manured with rtablo manure. 1 would like to know if there is anything that can be done to make it rctuln and ripen the fruit. I . Ko little is known about tho diseases of hogs, that as a rule it is better to kill a very sick cno tliau to attempt to cure him. Some times a hog that has cholera, for instance, recovers, but ho never thrives afterwards and will not pay for his feed—and this is not an exceptional case. Prevention is better than enre. Keep hogs healthy by * good and prop erly varied diet. Keep them away from piles of cotton seed and from privies and from under houses where tho ground is dry and dusty. Have water, salt, charcoal and ashes always within their reach. Tho above comprises about all we know about tho diseases of hogs and their treatment. It is probablo that your plum is too highly manured and grows too rapidly to pro duce fruit. You might try root-pruutag to check growth. Big * narrow treuch ft foot deep all around tho tree and about four foot distant from Its base and cut of all tho roots you see In tho trench. Withhold manure vntirJy for a year and watch results. J. W. n.^Falrvlcw, B. C.: What Is the best ma nure for sweet potntocs? What kind arc tho most .prolific, and what kind of cultivation la order to secure the largest yield? Sweet potatoes do notsoem to bo choice al»ont manure. Thoy respond very promptly to almost any kind that is applied to thorn. Rotten stable manure, cow manure, woods earth or chip manure With ashes, nro all good, and so is ordinary amnioniatod guauo. A gentleman who cultivated tho crop quite largely for market, ami who experimented a good deal with manures, informed us that am- nionlatcd guauo had given him as good results ns any. The same potato passes under so many different names in different parts of tho country, that wo are puzzled how to designate them. The most prolific wo know, v is n red potato>-ith yellow flesh, which grows largo, not long, and is disposed to be ribhud. It has the fame general shape as the St. Domingo yam of Georgia. Cultivation with sweeps, like, that of cotton, gives most excellent results---** goed as any we ever tried. J. C. B., Orleans. N. L\: I have a clover lot sown laM *prit)Ki widen 1 wish to enrich. Please Inform e what kind of mauuro U best, and how much to cacre; when aud hou to apply it. Your language is ambiguous, hut wo take it ynur object is to feed the clover,rather than en rich tho lot. Potash and llmo are tho two lead ing substances called for by clover. These may tie supplied by kainit and plaster, 100 pounds of each per acre, applied us top dressing, just an spring growth begins. Barnyard ma nure is always in order, aud a dre&siug of this may preccdo tho kainit and plaster, if yotfttavo The manure should be well rotted aud Fry evenly distributed so as not to smother tho clovtr. In combination with kainit nud plaster,ten two-liorso wagon loads of mauuro to the aero would answer. L W. Mu;., Tflplry. Tenn.: Mease give tho best and cheapest made of underground drainage. When tiles can be liad at reasonable prices, and arc properly laid, they fhrnish the cheap est drainage in the long run. But the above conditions are rarely realized at the south. Tiles are manufactured iu few 1«m-ulilies, aud freight on them is usually very heavy. Where good, heart pine lumber can be had, it is prob ably the uext chcapeast material for drains. But here again conditions must be laid down. Tho slope of the bottom of the drain must lie uniform; the bottom must bo uniformly firm that the planks will not sink into soft mud, or if the bottom is soft, proper support** in the shape of cross pieces of dnrablo timber must be provided to hold tho planks in proper position. With such cross pieces, plauks iuch and a half thick and tixS inches wide may be nailed together, like ridge boards on roof, and p’aecd with open side downwards on cross pieces. Caps made of shi rt pieces two ini lies wide and nailed togeth- ■'like the planks should be placed over the joints to keep the dirt from tailing in. Where pine poles are abundant and convenient,* very llcut and cheap drain *uay be made by utting the ditch narrow and filling la with to within a foot of the top of tho gronuT, takiug «are to lay them regularly, filling up all large openings with short pieces cut to fit, and then putting on turf, pine bru>h or other long tnu-b, fill up with dirt, ridging it over tho ditch to allow” for settling. Where a great many poles are used there are so many cham bers between them for the water to run is that it la hardly within the hounds of possibility for all vf them to get filled np at once. The tea Through the politer,css of Commissioner Hen •lerson Thf. Constitution Is enabled to famish its readers this morning with the following abstract taken from advance sheets of the supplemental report about to be Issued by the agricultural office, COTTON. The yield compared to an average for the whole state, w. The fall season lias been favorable for saving tli crop, and the condition of tho lint i- exception ably good, the bulk of the crop rating middle or better. The total yield ol the crop Is estimated at ftlfl, 000 tales, of ICO pounds. CORN. The production In comparison with an average crop, is reported 01 for the wholo state. The renron was unfavorable to the crop on nil low lands, and a large portion of the crop on t torus was entirely destroyed by overflow. The timated total yield for tho state Is about 23,000,030 bushels, WHEAT. The total yield is but little move than a half crop, the yield per acre being about 4.« bushels, and the estimated total production for tho state about 1,tOO,000 bushels. OATS. The acreage of the crop was greatly reduced by the destruction of the fall sowing in January, amounting to ouly^about three fourths of tho usual rcaa in the state. The total yield for tho state, reported July let, is about two-thirds of an average crop, and the average yield per acre, 13 bushels. The total yield of the crop, ns estimated from re ports of Jvly 1st, Is about 1,700,000 bushels. MlSt 1.1.1. AN LOUS CROPS. Sugar (:ane.—The yield for the state compared with an average crop Is 87, nud the average yield of syrup per acre, 203 gallons. f-orglium.—'Yield compared to an average, 87 Average yield in syrup per aero, W gallons. Rice—Meld compared to an average,’, M. Aver age yield per acre In rough rice, 2a bushels. Sweet Potatoes—Yield compared to an average, 87. Average yield per acre, 00 bushels. Field Peas—Yield compared to an average, 80. Tho nverago yield per acre Is V bushels. This ap plies to the yield of tho crop as it Is usually grown with corn, the crop being seldom planted ns a sep arate crop. Ground Teas—Y'lcld compared to aa average, 20. Average yJcld per aero, 33 bushels. Tobacco—Yield compared to nu average, OL Aver age yield per acre, -157 pounds oflcaf tobacco. Hay—Yield compared to an average, 107. Yield per acre In tons, 1.7. J'HODUCE PRICES.? Tho average price of cotton per pound, for tho whole state, December 1st, 183fi, was 8.1 cents, be ing two-tenths of a cent levs than tho year before. For corn tho nverago pri< o per bushel was 01 cents. For wheat, 910'; oats, f>3 cents; sugarcane kyrup, per gallon, 39 cents; sorghum syrup, 37);,; rough rice, per bushel, from 81 to 89 cents, except in southeast Georgia, where it was only f>l cents; sweet l-oUtoen, 43 cents; hay, per ton, 113.43. STOCK The number of stock hogs in tho state compared to lnM year Is 92 per cent. Tho number of sheep 89 per cent. The reports of tho lost few yean Indicate n constant decrease. This Js attributed to ravages of dogs. Horses and cuttle arc generally reported In a healthy condition. The per cent of lull farm supply of pork pro duced in the stato, according to the report of cor respondents, is 62 per cent, or less than two-thirds of n supply for the succeeding year. Thoamouutof farm supplies purchased, com pared with last year, shows 12 per cent less than the purchase ol lfeft. cam AND CREPIT PRICKS FOR BACON, The average cash rricc paid for bacou In the state duriug the year was eight cents per pound, while the average price on time, payablo Novem ber 1st w as 11.4 cents. The average cash price for corn was 69 cents, and tlic time price 93 cents. The farmer purchasing supplies on time pays In this way about 42 i»er cent, ou bacou and 34.8 per cent. on corn for about four mouths’ time, which Is equivalent to rates of Interest of 126 and 101 per cent per an num. In this, taken in connection with tho fket that little more than two-thirds of a provision Bap- ply Is produced in the state, is shown ono import ant reason for the luird times experienced by tho farmer. These material!! maybe profitably pro duced at home, and tho money tlmt is expended for such supplies outride of the state, is an un- neccutry and damaging drain upon our resources, SEED DISTRIBUTION. The new varieties of field land garden seeds dis tributed for the psst season have met with almost universal favor. The Detcrkln cotton gives ;a flue yield, and Is superior In carllncss of maturity, and for the large pioportlou of Hut to the arnouu: of reed cottou pto- duced. The Spanish peanut lias met with universal praise for earllness, superior yield, aud for the ease with which it eaiU.e harvested. The distribution of tobacco reed has stimulated the growth of a new mouey crop for the farmers of Georgia. DYSPEPSIA Cussn Us Ylcllms to to nlsentlc, topdtw, confused, and depressed In mind, rerj trrlta* Ms, languid, and dremr. It Is n disease vbich does not get well of Itself. It require) careful, persistent attention, and a remedy to throw oB tho causes and tono up tho dlges, tiro organa till they perform their dutteg willingly. Hood’s Sarsaparilla has proren just the required remedy In hundred) of ease), »I have taken Hood’s Sarsaparilla for djrf. pepsla, from which I haro suffered two years, X tried many other medicines, tut none proved )0 satisfactory as Hood’s Sarsaparilla.” Thouas Cook, Brut Bectrl) Ufht Co, Hew York aty Sick Headache ’ . •Ter ths put two year* I have teen afflicted with severe headaches and dyspep. ■la. I was induced to try Hood’s Baisapa- rllla, and havo found great relief. I cheer fully recommend It to alL’* UBS. E. F. New Haven, CoaaT. Mrs. Mary C. Smith, Cambridgeport, Mass., was a sufferer from dyspepsia and aick head ache. fiho took Hood’s Sarsaparilla ftftd found It the best remedy she ever nsed. Hood’s Sarsaparilla s.14 hy all druggists. <t| tSx for**. Mad# only tyO. I. HOOD • CO, LoireU, Has). too. Doaos„Ono. Dollar. «0THE NEWS0UTH AND THE 0LD-lx>: THE SODTHERNBIVOUAC! A REPRESEKTATIVE LITERARY MAGAZINE. ITS FIELD PECULIAR, 8l ITS^SUCCESS ASSURED. During the part two vents the Southern Bivouac baa represented, In Its papers on history, oolitles, cutdoor life, Induririal moortec, social life, pcctry, and romauce, both tho Old South aud the New. SOUrHKRN INDUSTRIES* In its table of contents may be found papers on “Tho Invention of the Cotton Oin,” “Tho Tnv entiott of the Cotton Dicker,’’ "The fcugnr Helds of Louisiana,” “The Kice Fields of South Carolina,” ‘Orau a Culture," and "Pure Bred Live Hock in Kentucky.” . „ it The papers by Mr. John Duncan ou “Pure Bred Live Stock in Kentucky” will be continued during this year. For early publication is announced “The \ ines and Wines of Virginia,” "Southern Naval btous,” and one or more on the mineral resources of the southern States. SOUTHERN HISTORICAL PAPERS. In March, April, and May, the Southern Bivouac published valuable articles by Colonel R. T. Bur- rett on the “Resolutionsof '98 and ‘.H,” settling finally the autiioreliip of those resolutions. In .May and June, It published some Interesting illustrated articles on “The Virginia Cavaliers;” in September, Octo- bt r, and November, it published Paul liayue’s delizbtml papers ou “Antc-Bellura Charleston." Thesa p» pen. with biographical and critical sketches of Southern statesmen aud men of .etiers, will becon* tinned from time to time. The “Unpublished Letters of Jeffersonbegun in December, w ill bo com pleted in March or April, and in February will begin some biographical papers of Captain John Cloves S’ mines, the author or “Hymmes’ Theory” of a hollow world. In an early ls.-uc there will appegg sketches of General J*. R. Cleburne and John C. CAHteun^i Each Issue of the magazine contalus much lu relation to the civil war. It has published valuable papers on Hood’s campaign in Tcnncsree: on Braggs invasion of Kentucky; on tho Fall of Fort Fumter, and on Chattanooga. It has ready for early publfe cation a series of articles by General F. M. Law on “The Eight for Richmond;” an article by Dinwiddla B. 1 billips on the Merrlmac; with other articles relating to various features of the contest Jt is admitted that the papers by Judge Thomas II. Hines on “THE NORTH-WESTERN CONSPIRACY,» constitute one of the more valuable contributions to a true history of the war that has yet been madQ These papas began in the December issue, and will continue lor several months. FOETRY AND FICTION. cm character,’ southern habits of life and modes of thought in a very graphic manner. For early pnfr lication stories are announced from H. 8. Edw ards, “A Government Clerk;” from Falcon, “Squire John* ion's Conn;'’ from Lee C. llarby, “Jessamine;" from Mrs. M. Sh etTey-Peterr, "IJi Rosik’s Shadow," aud “The Dance of Death;” from II. W. Cleveland, "Old Scipio;’* Will Wallace Ilnrcey, “Origin of (-reck Fire.” In addition, papers will bo published describing peculiar features of life in tlic southern states, among them a paper by Young E. Allison on the Mountaineers of Eastern Kentucky. Poems from Margaret J. Preston, Clinton Scollard, Will Wallace Harney, William II. Heuie, Charles J. o'Mnlk-y, and others will appear from time to time. Reference is made to there articles not as exhausting the resources of tho Southern Bivouac, but td define, ns far as possible, the field which it seeks to occupy, and to show that In Its purposes, and in whnt It has accomplished, it is a worthy representative of the literary and artistic element in the south ern states. It is enough to show that tno new south is not to be exclusively a material revival; that tho Reference 1; . _ utrune, ns fur as possible, the field which it reeks to occupy, and toshov whnt it has accomplished, it is a worthy representative of the literary a -- * u “‘ * L —-,v south is not to be exclusively a .«***«., ...... ...-j Bciivu) hi i.uui'citun* cacniii-ie »»»ui ,ni'anig in literature and in other branches of life. Moreovetq the magazine alms to present fairly, raithfully, but with no prejudice or passion, tho story of tho old south: to trace it* pronress. it* development, and its perpetuation in tho south today. attempt the publishers have met with no small measure or success, wo submit ’ * * been unusually encouraging and cordir” (The Nation.) to whom the letter w us addressed. only a few notices from the press, which has been unusually encouraging aud cordial; (The Nation.) The Southern Bivovac for March hasa valuable contribution to the history of the “Kentucky Ref- oh;lit rs of 1798 and 1719.” 11da consists in part of a fac simile of Thomas Jefferson's letter of Decem ber II, IK;!, to J. Cabell Breckinridge, in which he avows tho authorship of the resolutions. Thero is abo a fac ilnrile of a printed copy of the resolutions as they passed the legislature., of which tho author of the article says it is “an original copy now in the powession of the writer.” The reproduction of the letter, t w ith the address frank end postmurk, conclusively settles the disputed point a! to the person (Penman’s Art Journal.) h the best number ol n fin aw.wv. 1T -1 r-y vv|i.cv v. «r Vffir Htlfitlltl DT.ll tinthltlir hilt Mflur’ would be amply repaid. [Christian Observer.) It occupies the foremost place lu the publications of the south, and compares favorably with any in the land. . (Washington Hatchet.J The Pouthern Bivouac if the best magazine which the south ever gave to literature. It has tho sec tional color which one expects from its name, but this adds to i|| general value, iu literary standard is decidedly above the commonplace, and It has proven itself most admirably ablo to do the work which It had marked out.! [Chrlftlan Union.] The first volume of the Southern Bivouac, just received, handsomely bound in cloth, decidedly Inereares cur respeet end regard for this southern magazine. We are pleased to learn that it Is receiving that measure of success and popularity to which Its merits entitle it. As a whole, this volume givey '• ’ubitable evidence of judicious and intelligent editing. IChicago lutcr-Ocean.) Among the most Interesting of the magazines that come to our tabic. It Is mainly devoted to army life among the Confederates and the incidents and history relating thereto, but all told in tho best ... - - en j 0 yable to the Union as the Confederate soldier. IN. Y. Observer.) number Is in all respects the finest which has come under our notice, and is wanting lit . ...turc cf a first-class periodical. The Bivouac is the foremost literary representative of thclncw touth, and as such wc wish for it tho fullest measure of success. | Boston Herald.) It Is a source of genuine pleasure to open the Southern Bivouac In these days. There Is not a trnca of political bitterness in it, and there is considerable evldcnco that writers, new and old, at the south aro making a strong effort to maintain their former literary standing. i periodical literature. Manjrof the papers In tho March equu. _^. ----- Its illustrations axe also excellent. If merit counts for anything, it ought to have a very large ciruula lion. Southern Bivouac, one year. $2 AUMu’ctonitUatlo^',* $2.25 Single Numbers by Mall or at the News Stand, 20 Cents, The combination of the Bivouac and the Constitution is made in order to introduce this represent*? tive southern magazine to every intelligent family lu the south. Agents wanted ut every po«*toffies# Address - SOUTHERN BIVOUAC, Louisville, Ky. MARVELLOUS MEMORY DISCOVERY. Wholly unliko Artificial Systems—Cure of Mind Wandering—Auy book learned In one reading. Prospectus, with opinions of Mr. Proctor, the as tronomer, Judah p. Benjamin, Dks. Minor, Wood and others, sent post frcr by ritOF. LOISETTE, 237 Fifth Avenue, New Fork* Name this paper.Janll lm suvraasTB-. lomeopalhle Veterinary Specific) for HORSES, CATT2.I, SHOT* COGS.HOGS, POULTRY. Cseity V. 3. Sorentm’V Chart on Roller), ' BmnchreT*Hl#.Pu.fO** l| f |MlM -,*.li M ETmEESHTS’ | HOHEOrATHIO SPECIFIC !(o. fob Eniiifin mult—dir tut Umriun* wkyeow nirasot Study, Book-keeploR. 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