Newspaper Page Text
BY MRS. WILLIAM KING.
ra 11 letterr to this department and The Young Folks’ column must bo addressed to Ms*
I’illiain King, 4FO Courtland avenue. Atlanta, Gaj
Sowinc and Reaping’.
Oft when we sow with tears and prayer,
1 And hone rich sheaves to bind,
Lit hoe-h we search with anxious < are
IK
‘in-jnyshall reapdtain.
Oh. promise sweet”Hs ours to sow,
And Cod will dohe res ;
We eam.ot make o' small seed grow,
But vet our t<al
<n'is <;L| gives lifeind lie ean make
The seed to grov amain:
F.a- those who toil T His dear sake
In joy shall reap gain.
We know not whe:«>ur harvest come,
It llin not be f- years:
The se •! may n-ethe storm and sun,
Ami many a rait.'f tears;
Bat this wo know oat we ean trust
Reading the pr<‘-'>' Plain—
re,. ~.,.,, ■ .•Idetl 111 belie "I the dllSt,
'l'h<* seed shall gw again.
Oh for til - love t never tiros;
1j... str- -,’ faitl mt ean see.
Be.-,,ul ill toil, "’nth the briars,
The pr. • 'its «ji ’o be!
Then h aris w. ■>» >; -'. along the yutrs
That ; er sv>eeri’rain,
That ti'"' ' w 1 1" with toil and tears
til joy shall n again.
By Bose Raymond.
t’.nsw Women.
K ’v'ti often heat business mon: but wo
-3 men are net geilly expected to be en
dewed with cap: f or business, and yet
voti v. ill bud the women who have spe
cial talents for ness and can conduct
M any kind of btu s with equal success
H with the sterner .
$ t;ne< f i n'm istgikable firms in Amer
® iea is coinin'ted . a mother and two
w daughters and t>w a manufacturing
■S ami trading comps
S • members o. firm sire Mrs. and
Mbs s Heath Wypre wealthy people
form'fly ‘>l Heel'. N, \ and had st '
S luxurious home a, ere surrounded by i
E all that wealth c give, but reverses
■ came, and a >' "f'-te ease, wealth took |
iS vVi’.igs and lb waw The family remov
ed m Ihiffnlo and daughters applied ’
I themselves 'e- mush teaching. It was I
(i,e mother v conceived the •
id, a ot teak in.ardbmi rd dolls,
and dressing them l 1!( > paper, it was
> a timid venture, bit destined to meet
with great success. qirsl offered them
for sale in >me ot t„ s fmps in
Buffalo. I noy were |,, V( .; V . ;
at once met with n sa i e> and' verv
soon came pouring tn . lr ,, in wlmlesal •.
retail stat.oners also, |v a)l(1 ,„ v deal
ers, for lovely do’is.
11 " n< ’ eived with re
markable business ta iat , (ll i v w hen
manufactured and disp.J ], v t ; u ’.
sale could these d< Is in ' anv eon.-id
erable profit. ><> Ute dau . ~, | ()l . ir
in., hers assistum-.-, th engaged
number of work.- ■-. and were
3iH <4 flif workroom by I ver\-
liyo g w ont on oo!j iinf i r trnveii’er
<>n those timid, im’xjH’i-ior;'sd'd ty foil
their business began to ja.omon, and
However, some months ii am! <! ••.
pected demand for dolls an at. itm-.v
this time the beautiful crepe, dmd at
was introduced into this e.muied paper
land, and Miss Heath began t>nt Img
while dressing her dolls with it; and
coived ihe idea of forming this l ’' <'"ti
ilowers. lamp and candle shadr' - into
' I* l 'friends had never s’ 1 like
I iiey v.ero aitv.s *d to hold an b,
<d their tissue paper Is; ii was.;, sab'
but r. .it;.- ng itll . ~;.| . "nothure.
ture, nothing have.’’ they engaged '"i
1U a business building, deeoraie.l ir, ’in
with all sorts of paper articles, the.'t
oiii eards of annoimcetmmt, and pat' l
< -’^ s b>m. v
'l'liey did not wait long; j| ( .;1 mo wi
rush, and day after day. tlic entire st
''■m ; >ld out and they w<ml 1 have t ■ ia
l i.,. : . the n ight to supply the next dnv'.s (
1 nia.mh
bad soon t<> engage assistants j
1 nnu iiftt ‘turi tg an ! ven s< on a
I permanent business was established. Verv
] f " Asters made di-play-. of th,-;- good's
J 111 ighboring towns and lake shore re
S'l is, ueeess 101 l .wing on every hand. They
i ' eued p'finanent j n f’ittsbnig
- v I‘hiladidphi.a, Boston and X'ou
I !■ '■■■■ Agents were sent on i ie road. Over
| a mmdred girls were taken in the Buffalo
I worn i ms i>t.d .Mrs. and the Mis-, s i loath
a be. im ■ I-;, if. Heath A- Co.
I '-"'v eomes what inay s<. m the frang-M
I :, H- I here is not a man in the whole
I Intsin. -. -i'hey employ onb. wonen, in the
I makn •_ ,■ Ming n , ,] pl.-p mg of r >ods on
market The mother is the busin ss> manager
I mid t .. -i-.ers travel from city to city, keep
■ an e.t eo; i i heir shops, look aft or the sii ipning.
i ! J , ’i ,I 'tif.aeturing ami opening of new depots,
g 1 be;, .-von employ women as traveling
I agents.
Tiny never advertise their goods as tds
| silo paper goods, but ;,s ar: novelties. Th
3 btt l d all their own meth ids of ‘We'r
| making and first learned to tint the paper
I any ' or. .a- shadings of color, they wished.
J i-.veiy month sees an extension of their
S trade and in another year they hope to open
g ■-hops in Paris. Berlin.
Sue.i, an effort on the part of women can-
I not fad to interest all who rend of it it
| is indeed wonderful to know what results
1 may follow small beginnings and what en
. f rgy, jdnek and patience may accomplish.
- * ' tilizlng; Ege Shells and old Cans.
It -s well to know how to make an emptv
Sr'? . I ' l ,ls eful. and there are many way's
■. lot i sing old vegetable cans, but none bet-
I ter than the way 1 am going to tell you of
f t l,st et rne . v,)li about the egg
I 1.1 • , lakei a shallow pan filled with sand
I vMncli should be kept wet., then-take the
egg site! s and make a small hole in the boi
t tom :l mi :l ,|j few pebbles for drainage,
. nn with soil ami pack in the pan of wet
rum to bold them in position, into these
put .'our delicate baby plants. They will
grow anely and when ready to move eithec to
another pot. or to the open ground it can be
none without the slightest disturbance. There
eare so many plants that do well until readv
for moving then they will and .tie, so the
egy shell process is very valuable.
In the same way old yeast powder cans
can he utilized. Take the cans and unsob 1
i.ei litem by placing them on a tire hot ■
e !l on r li ~ 0 llle * t ;il! ril “ soldering, then knock ‘
oil tiie bottom and unfasten along the side :
where they are soldered together. After i
getting them apart lit them together
again and tie around and use the tops for |
rraiCE’s
The only Pure Cream of Tartar Powder.—No Ammonia; No Alum.
Used m Millions of Homes—4o Years the Stardafii
bottoms. Now they are ready for usa and
all tender plants either raised from seed
or from cuttings or slips can be very easily
transplanted without the least, injury. J
am always so unsuccessful in raising by seed
or cuttings, for the reason that my plants
always die when the transplanting time
comes that I am glad to know some process
by which I ean remove them without injury.
1 hope some of our readers will try this
plan and report their success.
COB ItKM’t.'&Dl NCE I OK THE KINGDOM
A Gossipy Exclianse of Views Among the
I.allies for Tlieinselves
Note -LettersWri'trnon both sides of ths paper
Caimi,' be printsu.
N otiee.
Will riie correspondents of this column please
address their letters tc ISO Courtland avenue,
and not 400. This is the no number of my
house, and all let ters must be addressed to No.
480.
Brad and Keniember.
Wo cannot advertise in this department
Pevera! letters have boon received this week
offering articles and mentioning a fixed price;
wi ;oavo out all such letters; do not object to
r.inip.e exchanges, but other offers will be lof-
Rena Boyd. Stoneville, N. C.— Will Some
one pea. e p 11 me wh'T<‘ I can find the <l«*elaina
t’on, “flow i W.»u <1 Paint a Barroom.” It begins
thus: •*ll 11; ;<i the adorning of a barroom it
would be somewhat on tins wise.”
Nancy E. ('ole, Buckholts, Texas. If any
hu h know> tl»e whereabouts of Josephus Thomas
and li r children, wife of J. P. Thomas, dccea-ed,
ph isi‘ write !<» inc. When last heard from they
w< i r<! in Jackson Parish, Louisiana.
Mr*. M. E Armstead, Morvin, Ala.—('an any of
the re iders of Woman’s King lorn tell me where I
c»n get a lit tie orphan girl? Wili give qer a • (»od
lioiiu’:»nd I re;*.! her as inc of the family. Would
rather h ve a small giri from five to ten or twelve i
years <»f age.
Won d be clad to hear from any one who knows
of such a ch.ld. Write to above address.
Mrs. S. K. Fmjua, Neodesha, Kansas. Neodesha
is • aid to l»e an O-.tge Indian term, used by th m
to designate the io.:ali:y . s the mee ting of the
rixers. W«- hnve two r.illro ids.
i am glad to see the move our soul horn ladies are
ma Xing for our noble heroes; it i< just and right
t<• our b’-.’.vc dead. I Lave the Richmond Chris
tan Advocate. printed June C>, l£ui; also conled
« rate staanps. My native state is Virginia.
nrs.N. I». Trnitt, La(-range, (Ja.—] pome asking i
if any om* can give the best wav of using salicylic
a- id io keep fran •/
I tri< <1 a plan given me by one of the si ter-; last !
summer. 7he peaches were firm .nd io< k« u :
nice, nut soln l of them ta>ted of th? . cid. I dis- i
solved the quantity oi acid in the amount of boil I
i: wat» r stated. W ould uv glad to see in the Wo- ■
man s Kingdom the ’ i-st way or most successful. >
1 also a’-k !or information about, or from chibtren ■
ot Joseph I'O'ier. 11- Lved many ye. r.< in Mont- |
uomery county, Alabama. I).cd tia-re in IS7I or •
is?/. It an\ ot the children see this I will be so
glad to hear from them. »
Corea. A. Bow. r<, M ■r< s Store, Va. I have re
(•<“iv<d ;• a ! . xcha’i {nmi I lie sisti-rs of
tl • iviro.d oiii thmk teem ;?! for the cx-
ch.'ii... s 1 rrc’ived. I l:.;ve reunited the favor to
ali ; <pt one that re/eived tlow< r seed from
M reh the. Ht ;.n i ieci i\ cd A; lill he <l'tln I sent
* oin flower s» ( d in return l«y next, day’s mail to A.
I. l.loyd, At. <; i. 1 re ’i ved them a few days
go fi-'iii the d< ad letter oflice at, Washington, i>. i
C , stating ih it ther« was no such othce in the
st..too! (.< irgia. Now, if the 1 o|y who sent me
tioxx er f< * d lor exc’iange will send me her address,
1 will gladly mail them to her.
Mrs. M. K. Gturrett, Springville, Ala. —I am very
anxious to ase.eit.un the monej vaiuc(if aiiy)ot a >
A!ex can dollar coined in 1533 It bears quite a ;
number ot devices and 1< tiering, which is all un- .
known to me, and I am sure it would prove an a<
quisi ■ i n to a collect! r. I f any of the readers of the
K mgdom possess a coin book, plea so consult it t< r
no bent-fii and communicate with me by private’
letter 1 have i>pplie<l to several coin dealers, but
tb/y refer me to their printed lists, etc., and as I
cannot <d»:ain the-<? <’X< ept at the expense of one
or two dollars, 1 concluded to appeal to the kind
ness of some one hett< r oft than inysed.
j Mrs. C. Hill.- I presume that the sisters of
■flie C(>n titution have not the faintest idea how
;<p c live In :• - they live m dugouts, they are
V *>• in the ground. We h ive a beautiful level
entry. W<- haven’t any fruit yet, as it is ent ire-
I new country, but we can buy fruits of all
I js from California that are the very best of
di'ise gip water, and I know a great many
wa now what uip water is. We imt soap in the
it-is.nd It curdles like buttermilk, bitt 1 think
I 1.1 thy.
ill'- isli'' it in Georgia, but I think the I’anhan
little I'liead of Georgia. 1 think people with a
home, y can do well here and soon have a good
s a line stock country.
Mis. A
dies writiHrownlee, Oak Cliff, Texas.—Will la
s ion, and t'me be careful to specify where
'■' ■ veil mir.-om. Frequently letters are re
nt tins writirddress and signature. I have one
lh< writer’s n;oni Rocky .Mounu, Ga., without
1 ion ■ rci-i ived ' 1 beg to say all coniniunica
nm providmi’ia giv”'' special attention, when
dr •. .-i.-nature hindered, should I find ad-
Mrs. It. i:., Mj S .l leturn posiage.
too, am pas-ina nr? u, y heartfelt sympathy. I,
the dregs the bitter tl *e rod, and have drank to
best, who hath merci?* It is well God knowetll
in the sam< cup; mt?' mi xe{ joy and sadness
the other. I feet as if x n ß ~,e wc partake of
and tell the sisters man 111 '' wrre a long letter
but I orbear. Love to a f]leasant .nd sad things,
Some time ago I wrote a .. ,
ment asking for inforniatio: t 2 r > ’ our de P*rt-
I hive not seen or heard of i’ 1 '’other whom
I have watched the columns ».n um '’r "t years,
lor several weeks Imt mv )ette,J > * ictitutmn
lam afraid it was about the tii ld “ ot "’l ,oar - so
were lost. 1 would not trouble bO le tters
have no brother or sister lift m” 1 a S i ">> but I
living. It would be a great con ss * still
isf: *'tion to nrn to learn ol liis whci”'. 1 a " Rat '
His name is -umm l’< ter i annon, t j
often called Sammie. B this letter i'Zi, , "’ as
the eye ot any kind person who would , I
addre.-s so that 1 might wiite to him t, ' \ ’F
re.-eive tmeev. rlaM>ng gratitude ot L ’ u
most alone in the world. oman .
Address, JANE CANNON,
Care 8. It. Wo<’>d,| y<
Lafayette, Ala.
.Mrs. L. C. Gay, Farmsdale, Ala.—l notice in The
Constitution April Isth, a letter from an old
ph-d lady, Mr*». Randolph, Springtown, Tex L
asking H the Randolph family descended ir,
lr.’’m U ° U ‘' aS ’ hoj ' uns to rec<J ‘Ve some benefit there-
Genealogy is a fascinating study to me. Os the
arstory ol those Virguua fanulies, 1 expect 1 am
is well informed as any one. 11
Bollings, the t.ays and Randolphs are direct de
.eem ants from the beautiful Indian princess
laughter ol Powhatan, ’this is an established
bi e histoiy«d *‘l ocahontas’s Descendants ”
leautiliniy illustrated, b> .-x Governor Wvndhatu
cm. >s.m ..t t Hgima. Als.,. tlu , •■l.neJohn R.ui
iulph ol JkoanoKe. hy Garland
1 lie emigrant William Randolph, the progenitor
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION: ATIANTA. GA_ TUESDAY. MAY 9. 1893. '
of the family, came from Warwickshire, England,
and settled at Turkey island in 1711. He owned
acres of the best land on the James, Appo
mattox and Boanoke livers. His son Richard, of
Curies, married Jane Bolling, and her sister, Dr.
William Gay, both great grand daughters of Po
cahontas. Iler descendants were styled by a Vir
ginia historian as the "Imperial Family of Vir
ginia.”
X hope these few facts may be of some service
to the unfortunate lady with whom I sympathize.
Alv sister takes The Constitution. X will be glad
to hear from the old lady. X will answer her
queries.
Mrs. Sue Thomason, Itasca, Texas.—The subject
nearest my heart tills morning, is the help ques
tion. In one portion of the world women and girls
are starving for want of tvork. In another, neither
love nor money can procure help. How to arrange
a more satisfactory .state of affairs will take a
wiser head than mine. To whom can we appeal?
To help those who are medy, and at the same
time help the housewife who turns every way seek
ing assistance and tinds none.
The negro no longer can be relied on, so per
foice one must, look lor white help.
Now, just why one who wants a respectable
home, and must work for a living, objects to cook
ing and laundry work, is a mystery. In a quiet
iamiiy where one is treated with respect and
moderate demand on their time, where is the de
gradation in receiving wages? Seems any well
balanced mind would be proud to lie able to make
their way, scorning the idea of being looked
down on.
No matter what occupation one is employed In,
the selt-consciousness ol moral worth will tell,
and the world will recognize and pay homage.
Let nu re homeless girls try it.
1 could not count just now how many homes
in my knowledge are seeking help, yet not one so
far lias succeeded. I will pay postage on all cor
respondence on the subject of help.
I wish to say to all who have written to me re
garding the rain lily, my health has been such I
could not respond; have not even sent those I
intended to Aunt. Susie. 1 am as 1 can, collect
ing them, and will let you know through the
Kingdom.
N otiee.
I will give 50 cents for a copy of The
Weekly Constitution of June 31, 1800.
Send to me at once and 1 will send the
money. Address T. .1. Kelly, care 'I hit
Constitution, Atlanta, Ga. wk 1
j:x vit tx <i i: lis r.
Mrs. W. O. Watson, Oakville, Ala., has
California b< , er seed to exchange lor good
literature. Write with stamps what you
have.
Miss Sadie C. Barker, Murfreesboro, N.
C.. wishes to exchange good books and four
yards crochet, lace, either for eight yards
of summer calico.
Mrs. Henry Bradley, Greenview, 111., has
choice flower seed, dress patterns and can
celed stamps to exchange for sea shells,
geological specimens <>r bulbs. X\ rite first
Miss Lena Betts. Betts, Ala., will ex
change strawberiy plants, wisteria and hol
lyhocks for rooted La France rose, double
chrysanthemums and dahlias.
John Hushion, McDonald, Ga., wishes
to exchange thirty-live confederate North
Carolina hank notes for old canceled pos
tage stamps.
Mrs. C, McClesky, Ballard. Ala., will
exchange recipe for painting on
glass for anything of equal value. Write
with stamp first.
W. C. C. Long, Long’s Mills, Tenn.,
wishes to exchange pure bred German caro
in pairs, for pure bronze turkeys in pairs.
Mrs. S. M. Nickles, Ocala. Fla., has a town
lot in .Brookeville. Fia.. to exchange lor a,
Jersey cow or Florida pony, also dress pat
terns for rooted roses and other Howers.
Write for particulars.
Miss Ella Krivcn, X’ellow Blnfl. Ala., has
best classical music to exchange for Vocal
and instrumental. Send list, of music.
James K. Boyd. Charlotte. N. C.. 210
Mint street, will send a book to any one
sending five or more confederate stamps
us(d, or ten or more confederate hills.
Mrs. .T. F. Bowen, luka. Miss.. Box 02,
has Hower seed, books, sea shells, stamps
and Indian curiosities to exchange for con
federate bills, bonds or stamps. XXTite with
stamp.
If Mrs. “A. IT.”. Virginia, will send hey
address, we will send letters sent for her.
Mrs. C. F. Hill. Memphis, Toxas, has
cactus and devil’s pin cushions, also wild
flowers of Panhandle region in every va
riety, to exchange for hon roots, dahlia., hy
acinths and any kind of bulbs.
Mrs. A. A. Barrett. Mt. X’ernon, Tex.,
has good snap recipe, made without grease
or lye. to exchange for novels or five yards
of calico, gingham or domestic, or anything
useful or ornamental.
Confederate Soldiers Attention !
The undersigned, as captain of the 159th
regiment. New York infantry, nineteenth army
• >rps. was taken prisoner by the treops on the
left of the confederate line t Ithodes and
Gordon’s) during the charge of the forenoon
at the battle of Winchester. Va.. September
19. ISII4. and Inst his sword (a cavalry saber
with steel scabbard) and licit and a small
canteen, both of which hud his initials or
name on. A. very liliera! reward will be paid
for their return. W. F. TIEMANN.
BIG St. John’s I’lace, Brooklyn, N. V.
may 2 wk 2t
Flowers in Our Churches.
1 am desirous that those who have Loen
brought under my ministry should see a
great deal more around about them than
other people are accustomed to s-e. In
looking at the clouds I wanted them to
have some thoughts higher than those of
secular tilings. In listening to the winds
I wanted them to hear something more
than the sounds of mechanical forces. I
want the shaking of the leaves of the trees
to be as tin' clapping of hands to them. I
want the seasons Io bo to them preachers.
And 1 want the influence of al! these things
to be on ihe side of sweetness, faith, hope
and inspiration. Therefore, as I preach a
sweet religion, and not a sour one, as I
preach tlie beauty of holiness, and not sim
ply the tenor of the law.
as I preach the bright and
glowing character of the Lord Jesus Christ.
I enjoy having these testimonials of the
garden and the field brought in here. Es
pecially do I esteem them because they
educate men to go out into the garden and
the field and have Howers associated with
their own imagination. This cannot be
otherwise as long as they love flowers in
connection with the worship of God. Ido
not believe a child, brought up under my
ministry in this church, will ever see flowers
till he dies without having some thought of
religion, of the sanctuary, and of the In
spiration of flowers. So, flowers at our
service have a meaning. They are not in
any special way a symbolization: they sim
ply bring tilings common into higher rela
tion on a principle of association: and hav
ing them on the platform, besides affording
pleasure, to a certain extent interprets a
pan of my idea of the Christian ministry.—
From hitherto Unpublished material by
Heavy Ward Beecher in the April Ladies’
Home Journal.
When Traveling.
Mother on pleasure bent or business,
tae on every trip a bottle of Syrup of
as it acts most pleasantly and ef
fec.vely on the kidneys, liver and bowels,
prevnting fevers, headaches and other
form of sickness. For sale in 50 cents
and $ bottles by all leading druggists.
To Germinate Dillicult. seed.
( A lad- writing to 'file May Flower says,
“in planing line seed I first spray the ground
with boiliig water, wait until it drys again,
plant m 3 seed and then spray with hot,
but not /oiling water and cover with pa
pers for tvo nights. The seed seem to germi
nate easie arm more quickly. 1 have been
very succissful with chrysanthemum seed
and by this process I wet them with warm
water until they come up then let them
dry.
.Adiling Insult t.» Injury.
From The Indianapolis Journal.
-Mrs. iritis—You write such short letters
when you are way. I don’t see why you
couldn’t write me nice long ones, as you did
when we were engaged.
Mr. Fitts—Honestly, my dear, I didn't sup
pose yoli would have any time to read them.
In the days when we were engaged you had
no housework to do.
ARP AT HISTORY.
FROM THE AEVAJfCE SHEETS OF“A
GEORGIA SCHOOL HISTORY.'’
An Interesting Chapter of Georgia History
Treated by Major Charles H.
Smitli from His History.
The institution of African slavery is so
intimately connected with the history of
Georgia and lias been so closely interwoven
with her civilization that a brief account
of its origin and growth and sudden aboli
tion should be recorded. Not for crimina
tion or exculpation, but that the truth of
history may be vindicated. Facts—cold
facts—are history, and they never blush to
be narrated.
Until 1843, only fifty years ago, African
bondage prevailed not only in many of the
less civilized countries of Europe and South
America, but in England, the foremost and
most enlightened government in the world.
Early in this century the slave trade be
came odious to all philanthropists, but
slavery itself was not. The brutality with
which the trade was conducted and the
“horrors of the middle passage,” as it was
called, had awakened the pity of mankind,
and by common consent the tratlic in Afri
cans and their transportation to other
countries was prohibited under the severest
penalties, both in Europe and the tinted
States. ,
But, still the institution of slavery con
tinued where it had been planted. It not
only continued, but was encouragedas a
moral agency of civilization until YVilber
forcc began the agitation of its abolishment
in England and Iter colonies in 1825. I»ut
the plant of this great reform was of slow
■’rowth, and emancipation was not accom
plished until long after Wilbertorce had
died; In 1843, the slaves of England and
all her colonies were emancipated, and their
owners were paid 830i».tOi.tXM> for them
out of the national treasury.
The sentiment of the people of the
United States against shivery was more
pronounced tlu’.u it was in Isnixlaud, and
the statos began early to provide lor im
mediate or gradual emancipation. Georgia
was the first state to prohibit the slave
trade with Africa, and she kept that pro
hibition inviolate while some ol the north
ern states carried it on long alter their
own slaves were emancipated. There was
to them no prolit in slavery,
lint there was fabulous gains
in the traffic. lienee. they
gradually disposed of their own by sending
them south, and in some instances the young
of their slaves were given away. (Apple
ton's Cyclopedia is authority for this.)
But the feeling in the states was gener
ally averse to slavery and that feeling was
for a time stronger at: the south than at the
north. The ordinance of 178” that excluded
the institution from the northwestern ter
ritories was supported by south . th men.
Pennsylvania provided for gradual eman
cipation.’ and as late as 184(» her slaves
were not all free and in some cases were
sold for debt. (See Appleton.) Rhode Is
land and Connecticiit had a few left in 1840:
New jersey had 236 in 1850; New York
emancipated in 1827.
That the southern states did not 'emanci
pate was owing to a variety of circum
stances.
The climate was suited to the negro and
he seemed to be contented anti happy.
The masters had invested more of their
money in them than had been done further
north.
The invention of the cotton gin had sud
denly stimulated the cultivation ol cotton,
for which the negro was peculiarly fitted,
and the growth of rice, tobacco and sugar
cane was equally inviting to his labor.
But more titan all these reasons was the
fear that, the slaves were in such fast in
creasing numbers as to put the common
wealth in peril if they were freed. They
were still affected with, the same race traits
tiny had inherited from barbarian ancestors,
and could not lie controlled as freedmen or
as citizens.
Still there was an intelligent and influen
tial number of our people wno favored grad
ual eiuanci'ettion. This sentiment wns
slowlv Imt surely spreading. Joseph Henry
Lumpkin, the chief justice of our supreme
eoiii't, was outspoken as a co-worker with
the gradual emancipation policy inaugurated
and advocated by Henry ('lay. of Kentucky.
This policy would certai’ily have been
adopted by Georgia, but for the intolerance
and bitterness with which the New England
abolitionists waged their unceasing
war upon the south. Otir
people resented their threatened domination
and said, “If you let us alone we may do
it, but you cannot drive us. We are penned
up wit it these negroes and know where our
safely lies.”
William Loyd Garrison, of Boston, found
ed the anti-slavery part}' in 1831. Arthur
’i’aitpan became its fourth preside t in 1833.
Thev expended much money in magnifying
and exaggerating the abuses of slavery.
They declared that all laws of the govern
Blent that recognized slavery were utterly
null and void. As their party grew stronger
they became more aggressive, and in 1844
the free sofl party openly avowed that their
object was to effect a dissolution of the un
ion and to form a northern republic. They
said that a union with slavery in it was
a league with hell and acovenant yith
death. They were the first secessionists
and remained so until the late civil war.
The troops they furnished and. the monev
they so freely contributed were not for the
maintenance of the union, hue to conquer
the south and liberate the slaves. When
Nathaniel Hawthorne was asked in 18(11 if
he was not in favor of the wat/ he replied
“Yes, 1 suppose so, but really I don't see
what we hive to fight about.’’ It seemed
to him that the south bad done just what
New England desired her to do —that is to
secede.
This desperate haste and intensified hos
tility on the part of New England towards
the south js difficult to explain. It was only
a few years since they had emancipate'! the
slaves they had not sold. It was less than
twenty years since England had emanci
pated hers, and neither Georgia nor her
sister states were ready for the change.
Was it an earnest sympathy for the
slaves or political hatred of their masters,
or was it both? for as Judge Tourgee says
in his “Fool’s Errand,” “The south had
controlled the government for fifty years.”
and New England was jealous - jealous tn
exasperation, and slavery was but the shib
boleth that intensified their animosity.
They made no war upon the slave trade,
but rather winked at it and enjoyed its rich
returns. This is not an assertion but a facj
if their own historians are to be believed.
In 1820 Justice Story, the great jurist,
charged the grand juries of his New Eng
land circuit in the following words;
“We have but too many undeniable proofs
from unquestionable sources that the Afri
can slave trade is still carried on timing
us with all the implacable ferocity and in
satiable rapacity of former times. Avar
ice Jias grown more subtle in its evasions of
the law. It watches and seizes its prey
with an appetite quickened rather than suit
pressed. American citizens are steeped
up to their very months in this iniquity.’’
W. W. Story, the gifted son, in writing
the biography’ of the father, says; “The for
tunes of many men of prominence were se
cretely invested in this infamous traffic.
Slavery itself had hardly disappeared in
New England when the traffic took on new
life and yas winked at. A man might still
have position in society and claim consider
ation as a gentleman, nay. as a Christian,
while his ships were freighted with human
cargoes and his commerce was in the blood
and vain of his fellow creatures. This prac
tice 'was abstractly inveighed against, but
was secretely indulged in. The chances of
great fortunes inflamed the cnp'ulilv of men
in my father’s circuit. It is notorious that
many large fortunes were the blood money
of the slave trade, and owed their existence
to the wretched cargoes, that survived the
horrors of the middle passage. But this
charge of mv father to the grand juries of
Massachusetts and Rhode Island seemed
only to arose the passions of those engaged
in the traffic. The newspapers of the day
publicly denounced my father am! one pa
per in Boston declared that any judge who
would deliver such a charge ought to be
hurled from the bench.”
And so the traffic went on unmolested.
The Nev.- York Evening Post stated that
no less than eighty-five vessels left the port
of New York in 1.859 and 1860, bulit. man
ned and equipped in New England for the
African slave trade, and that they brought
away not less than thirty thousand slaves
to Brazil and the south. But still there
were no prosecutions. The navies of the
world seemed to be asleep or perhaps the
traffic mus still winked at by the merchant
ships that traversed the seas. Whether it
has ceased since southern slavery was abol
ished Is not known, but. a telegram to The
Associated Press tells of a cargo that was
recently wrecked off Madagascar coast.
This much has been recorded Io show to
the youths of this generation that neither
Georgia nor the south was responsible for
slavery nor the traffic in them across the
seas, for from 1776 down to the present,
there was. but a single attempt made by a
southern man to introduce African slaves
info a southern port, and that attempt
was a failure. The little yacht call
ed the- "Wanderer,” was seized and con
demned and her officers pursued with unre
lenting vigor by a southern man. General
Henry R. Jackson, who was then assist
ant attorney general of the United States.
But. after all, slavery was really the
provoking cause of the late unhappy war
between tile states. Georgia seceded from
the union not because she desired to per
petuate slavery but rather because she
could not maintain her rights under th»‘
constitution. She desired an outlet in the
territories, an outlet for the negro for their
rapid increase was alarming. She believed
that it was perilous to emancipate and
still more perilous to await results. Iler
white population wlio were not slave own
ers were rapidly emigrating to the west.
The most thoughtful minds in Georgia and
especially those advanced in years, saw
and felt the peril of their situation —seces-
sion meant, war ami. to remain in the union
was to be imprisoned by slate lines with
an inferior race that might become a t<'t’-
ror. A few slaves had been manumitted
and sent to Siberia, but the result was
bad, very bad.
Major Waters, a wealthy planter of
Gwinnett county, had by will manumitted
thirty-seven slaves and his executor de
livered them in Savannah to the colonization
society. They were well provided with
clothing apd each with .SIOO in gold and
sent to Siberia free of charge. Tliirty of
them died within twelve months—-the re
maining seven escaped from their exile
and found passage in a merchant vessel to
Philadelphia. From there they made their
return to Georgia through the friendly aid
of Howell Cobb and Alex 11.
who furnished them with the means of
coming home. This case is fully reported
in one of the earlier volumes of our su
preme court reports, for the will of Major
Waters was attacked by bis heirs.
But (he common people of the south,
the yeomanry, the toilers, were no lovers
of the negro. They realized that he was
in their way. The masters owned Hie best
of the land and had the best stock and
the best houses and tools and vehicles,
while the toilers had to take what they
could get —no wonder they were jealous of
the institution.
And yet these men, poor and struggling
for a livelihood in the mountains of north
Georgia or down in the piney woods, did
not hesitate to shoulder their rilles and
hurry to their country’s call. “My coun
try- -right or wrong”—was their motto.
Only one-seventh of the taxpayers of the
state were owners of slaves in 1860 and
not more than one soldier in ten was inter
ested in slavery. In fact, some counties
in north Georgia sent more soldiers to the
field tjian there were slaves in the county.
Surely these inen were not fighting for
slavery or its perpetuation. They fought
as their forefathers did who resisted a
little tax on tea when not one in a thou
sand drank it. The common idea was that
“them fellers up north had been
kii'kin at us a long time and if
old Joe Brown and Bob Toombs
and Howell Cobb said it was time to cut
loose from ’em and fight them it was all
right and they were ready.”
But anti-slavery was not. a predominant
sentiment up north outside of .New Eng
land. The cry of the west and of most
of the north was “the union—it must be
preserved.” General Grant, whom the
north idolized and honored, was himself a
slave owner and lived off of their hire in
St. Louis until freedom came. Some of
Mrs. Lincoln’s kindred in Kentucky xvere
slate owners and her brother served as a
staff officer in Hie confederate, army. Mr.
Lincoln himself declared that he only signed
the eiiuincipation proclamation as a war
measure to suppress the rebellion as it
was called and to save the union. He re
peatedly refused to take such a step though
urged by the members of his cabinet to do
so. General Fremont, in August, 1861, is
sued a military order that emancipated tho
slaves of rebels in Missouri. Mr. Lincoln
promptly revoked this order. Tn May,
iSt>2, General Hunter issued a similar or
der declaring all slaves in Georgia, South
Carolina and Florida forever free. So
soon as Mr. Lincoln heard of it hi' issued
a proclamation declaring it void and in
his letter to Horace Greeley in August 18(‘>2,
he said: “My paramount object is to save
the union and not either to save or destroy
slavery. If 1 could save tin* union ■without
freeing any slave 1 -would do it: if I could do
it by freeing all the slaves I would do it,
and if 1 could save it by freeing some and
leaving others alone I would do that.” In
the minds of both Lincoln and Grant there
was but little sentiment concerning slavery
as an institution. Imt afjer emancipation
they very naturally accepted all the honor
that the north and England showered upon
them and entered heartily into plans for
the safe adjustment of the matters that
this sudden enfranchisement involved.
Such, my young friends, were the causes
and consequences of the institution of slav
ery in Georgia. For half a century it. had
proved a blessing to both races—a blessing
to the negro because it had brought him
from a savage state into that of sems-civili
zation and had elevated his posterity and
given them a chance to live as human be
ings and to worship God as Christians—a
blessing to the white race in clearing up the
forests and advancing agriculture and in
building our railroads. But as the years
rolled on it seemed to be manifested that the
institution had run its course and the time
was near at hand when it would cease to be
a blessing to either race. Before the late
war its doom was inevitable, for even had
secession succeeded and slavery continued
it could not have been maintained against,
the convictions of the unfriendly north and
the nations that sympathized with her.
Why this wonderful change in the status
of 4,(XM),(M)O of slaves had to be baptized in
blood and in tears to make it a reality is
known only to that Providence who doeth
all things well. We might as well ask why
Cain was permitted to kill Abel, or why Na
poleon was permitted to ravage Europe and
destroy millions of lives, and after all ac
complish no good that we ean see.
But the negro was safe during all the
struggle. Whether he stayed or tied he was
in no danger. He seemed to have no deep
concern about his freedom or a continuation
of his bondage. Thousands of them followed
their young masters in the war —many of
them were captured, but would not stay.
“Gwine back to Dixie" was their song.
Never was such mutual affection shown be
tween master and servant; never such proof
that in Hie main tho master was kind and
the servant loyal. During all these bbody
years when our mon were in tho field and
wives and mothers and daughters were un
protected at home not a single act of vio
lence was heard of from the Potomac to the
Rio Grande. As General Jackson so beau
tifully said: “They deservo a monument
that should reach the stars, and on it 1
■would inscribe. ‘I o the loyalty of the slaves
of tlie e.mfederate states during the years
ISG2 >4.’ ”
What monument will be deserved by their
children is the unsolved problem. They are
still on prd atio'i Bu.i Abb.
B -riMITH&WEys.oN j
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