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VOL. XXII
THE SLAPPING SAL.
A Little Brig Which was a Terror to the Big Vessels.
A Story of the Seas of Long Ago.
It was in the days when France's power
was already broken upon the seas, and
when more of her three-deckers lay rotting
in the Medway than were to be found in
Brest harbor- But Ir.r frigates and cor
vettes still scoured the ocean, closely fol
lowed ever by those of her rival. At the
uttermost ends of the earth these dainty
vessels, with sweet names of girls or of
Howers, mangled and shattered each other
for the honor of tin' four yards of bunting
that ilap]H>d from liter galls.
it had blown hard in the night, but the,
wind had dropped with the dawning, and
now the rising sun tinted tile fringe of the
storm wrack as it dwindled into the west,
and glinted on the endless crests of the long
green waves. To north and south and west
lay a skyline which was unbroken save by
the spout of foam when two of the great
Atlantic seas dashed etwil other into spray.
To the east was a rocky island jutting out
into craggy points, with a few scattered
<-lumps of palm trees and a pennant of mist
streaming out from tiie bare conical bill
which capped it. A heavy surf Leaf upin the [
shore, and nt a sale distance from it the i
British thiriy-t .vo gun frigate Leda, Cap
tain A. I*. Johnson, raised her black, glis
temng side upon the crest of a wave, or
swooped down into an emerald valley, dip
ping away to the nor’ard under easy
sail. On her snow-white quarter deck
stool a stiff little brown-faced man, who
swept the horizon with his glass.
“Mr. Wharton,” he cried, with a voice
like a rusty Lingo.
A thin. knock-kneed officer shambled
across the poop to him.
"Yes. sir.”
‘Tve opened the sealed orders, Mr- Whar
ton.”
A glimmer of curiosity shone upon the
meager features of the first lieutenant. The
l.edrL had sailed with her consort, the Dido,
from Antigua, the week before, and the ad
miral's orders had been contained in a
sealed envelope.
"Wo were to open them on reaching the
deserted island of Sombriere, lying in north
latitude is degrees, 3G.minutes, west lon
gitude '■>.”> degrees. 2S jnimiies. So;ubl’i”i'O
Itore lour miles to tint northeast from our
p-rt bow when the gale cleared, Mr. XVhar
■ ton."
The lieutenant bowed still];,’. He and tin'
•aptain had been bosom friends from ehid
-1 r>d. 'l’liey had gone to school together,
j 1 lie i the navy together and married into
each oiler’s families, but as long as their
feet were on the poop the iron discipline of
tile service struck all that was human out
<>l -•- —* *—• -aw-imr ;>nd the
suborniw e Cnptwo >; ;l i‘n<'
paper irom Ins poem-t Mint
imtoldcd it. . t „ t , and Dido
' iiribbeiin -e.i >” tli- " lias
tl,< - ‘.'■■■'"i' ‘A-d our nioreimm -hips in that
be,. • <M- r ; n • and -tm-times as
brig ..it.yin- .i-ronido forward. Sin’
’ '■’.’"J"’.,up- a ' O 23d ultimo to the
(Signed.) J AML- - K( ar A(liu j rrt l.
It M S. Colossus, Antigua. ~
-We'appear to have lost our consor
a'l’it'X t > r ’our l 23l.* S-
a,n ' t. Mdon is tin smartest man in the |
V" !1 *’ 5 , It J’mbbv boy. rd give ]
?■ *. my lag to <'b my rule up I
1* ' Ile turned on his heel,
” ” Jl" be!" IwS baV-k Sternly
|er. "get those squart sail;'
shaki". out and bear away a point more
"’••A' brig'et! the port bow,” came a voice
f! '-x b-w," said the lieu-’
,e Th! l ;g.ptain sprang up <•» the b-lwarks
!;!:■' h C leimlimiimrnt.. craned his neck
and whisper, d m Smeaton .the swo . u ■
, .beer , m.d men came poppn g 111 1 'J 1 ' A
2,, I ~f . 111'. IPX estuary, ruin n -aos ;
■ could no* -''i <
! " n . t)i( . .mils of the fnS- I
A ■KS ,S -r..el‘>- v> th- "» th "'i
th.. ...pt.-HU, * ", men can
for action. 'I • <l,O tries to pass
‘.'•’."'■"'■."‘ti.’nt’io its qXters in those
<1 ‘J vi'7 the qui- . serenity of men on th.-ir
around ■ -m- r V in ’ l l irt l 'h“
... ,1 Ip-mhi" on then mu .HUI IIM
}?-k-ate< b:.w>Kit Pointed straight tor K’-r
litre victim. .
’> Mr. Wharton.”
.... < ...O to tike til" loOK ot US. |
gi| . | and ant clapping t
°"t sa v , s evident that the brig meant to I
K .for h freedom. <>'><■ little patch '
of elmvtts flnm red out above another and |
Per poop " could lie s« "U working ll.»< ni.t I
m-n in t" rimrimr. . She m ’d" at empt
to Pa-s lier antagonist, but headed no tne ,
....,,.. . , ii rubbed his hands.
••< o'-'s e■nkiin- f..r shoal water. Mr. Mlinr
t,./. and ' • - ..I have to cut her .mt sir.
!< ..■< L sooty little brig. bid 1 should have
JhonglH : and afier would have been
ni"'- I -indy ~
••It was a jiintmy, str
-Y.-s. sir. i heard of it at Manilla a bad
l.nsieess -ir. Captain and two ciates mtir
d. o.i Th' ■ Ilmi'son or Hairy finds.m. as
•liev call him. I the mutiny. He’s a Lon
it ■‘•r, s'::-. Ini ns < ruel a villain as ever walk
* '-'His next walk will be to lixecntion do.’;.
v '' xvj, »i». tsi’. seem ‘d heavily man led.
i ..I, ■ ...mid idle twenty toputon .mt of
.I ' t'.-.o wont ! I ', corrupt
tio/.-r.-w r the .ir • M". Wharton: ’
r .tti ooi. s -.'..-re t. roiiah t.i *
’ ;... bri SmidenJr tie- lieutem::.!
Sdmw d his i- th tit a griii, while th" captain
flushed to a deeper r- !.
••That's Hairy Hudson on tne at.ei-iati,
‘■'i'he low. impertinent blackgna: d'. Hell
..t .- c.w. other anti-s before we ate dim"
wi i ■ Could ym feach jiim wda tue
1..i eighteen. Mr. Smeato'i? >t
“Another cable leitgtu will d> it. sir. _
The bri:t yawed ;ts they spoke, an.. as she
camo »rottnd a spuri ot smoke whiti'-o out
from her quarter. It was a pure niece of
bravado, for the gun could scarcely carry
half way. Then with a jaunty swing the
little ship u.ime into wind again and shot
round a itresii curve of the winding channel
"the water’s shoaling rapidly, sir,’’ report
ed the second lieutenant.
c " i here's six fathoms bv the chart.”
“Four by the lead, sir.”
“When we clear this point we shall see how
we lie Ha. 1 thought as much! Lav her to,
Mr. Wharton. Now we have got her at our
mercy.
Tile frigate was quite out of sight of the
sea now at the lie,ad of this riverdike esniarv.
As she camo round file curve tile two shores
were seen to converge at a point about a
mile distant. lil iln* angle, us near short 1
as she could get, the brig was lying with her
broadside towards her pursuer and a wisp
of black cloth streaming from her mizz-ti.
'The lean lieutenant, who had reappeared
upon deck with a cutlass strapped to ids
side and two pistols rammwl into his belt
peered curiously at the ensign.
“Is it the .lolly Roger, sir?" lie asked.
But Iht* captain was furious. "He may
bang where his breeches are hanging be
fore I have done with hint,” said he. “What
boats will you want, Mr. Wharton?”
"We should do it. with the launch and the
jolly boat.”
"fake four ami make a clean job of It.
I’ipe away the crews at once and' LU work
I her in and help you with the long eigltt-
I eens.”
With a rattle of ropes and a creaking of
I blocks the fem- boats splashed into the
water. 'Their crews clustered thickly into
1 hem, barefooted sailors, stolid marines,
laughing miildies. and in the sheets of each
the senior officers with their stern school
master faces. 'flio captain, his cibows on
the binnacle, still watched the distant brig.
Her crew were ,tricing up the boarding not
ing, dragging round the starboard mtns,
knocking new portholes for them, and 'mak
ing every preparation for a desperate re
sistance. In tiie thick or it all a tinge man,
bearded to the eyes, with a red night cap
upon his head, was straining and stooping |
and hauling. The captain watched him I
with a sour smile and then, snapping up his 1
glass, he turned upon his heel. For an in
stant. he st I staring.
"Cail back the boats!” ho cried in his
liitH. <•!'«*.;ixvoire. ‘’('loiir for
tioii then*. i ast loose thos<» in.:in-deck
guns. Bi'.b’e yards. Sineaton,
ami stand by to go about. wheiT site has
Weigh enough.”
Round the curve of the estuarv was coming
ves„.l, Hot- ve.'lo.l i ov, . ~-jj
and white-winged ligure-bejd were jutting mir
from the cluster if palm trees, uh;!., high
al ..w- them towered three immense m.i ; I
with Hie tri-eoior tl.ig Ho ping sup'idv from
the mizzen. Round sir- c.inie. the u-i'-p bine '
w. •er'ere-tming under her fore foot, until her !
i"i;f, curving l»Ia< k sidi*. hr:* line shining •
copper breaih and "f snow-white hammock's !
ab 'VO. and the thick elm-tors of men who !•
j eered nwr Iwr tnilu arks. were all in nl ti I
view. Her lower yards were slung, her ports
triced up and her guns run out ail ready for !
action. Lying behind one of the premontorios |
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■”' ’> S i ■ <; ; I
-' A'i M mT.i \\
captain Johnson Fanned the Smoko Away with His Cocked Hat.
. 11 1.. ~. ~r 11 io (;; oi re , her bo W' ha sers, until a head Ia nd hid th 1 in
of the island Iho lookout monos the Gioir<‘ i
upon the shore 'mid s-eii the eul-h sae mio
which the British frigate bad headed, so that
Caf tain de yiilor. had served the l.eda a *
Captain Johnson Had the .slapping Sal.
But the splendid discipline ot the British
service was at it s best in such a crisis, ’i lie
boats flew back, their crews clustered aboard,
tlw,- were swung up at the davits, and the
fall" ropes made fast. Hammocks were brought
up and slowed, bulkheads sent down, ports
and magazines opened, the fires put out in t Ir*
galley and the drums beat to quilters. |
Swarms of men set the hendsails and lyrougnt
the frigate r mid, whip’ the gnu crews t.irew
off their jackets and shirts, lightened Hirn*
belts and' ran out their eight eon-pounders,
peering through the open port holes at the
stalely Frenchman. Th” wind was very
light. Hardly a ripple showed itself upon the
clear blue water, but the sails blew gen.lv
out as the breeze came over the wooded
banks. The Frenchman had gone about also
both ships were now beading slow ly for
ihr sea under fore-’inu-afi canvas inc bimie
100 vards in advance. She luffed up to cross
the Leda's bows, hili the British ship i-ani”
round also and the two rippled slowly on in
su-h *ii silence that Hi” ringing of th ■ ramrotis
as tie French marines drove home their
charges . lauged quite loudly upon the ear.
“Not much sea room, Mr. Wharton. re
marked the captain.
• I have fought actions in loss, sir
-We must keep -nr dislimeo ami trust to
our gunnery. She is very heavily maimed and
if she gets alongside we might 11ml oursehes
' '“1 see'* the shakoes of soldiers aboard of
•■Two companies of light infantry from
Martinique. Now we have her. Hard a port,
awl let her have it as we cross her s •rn
'llw keen eve of the little eoillinawier had
| seen tlw surface ripple, winch told of a pass
he- breeze, lie had mnal it to dart across ho
I hind the big Frenchman and to rake her with
everv gun as he passed. Bat -tier passed her
! t-e 'l.eda had to come back into the wind to
1 <m' of shoal water. The maneuver
I browdil Iler on to the starb-.ird side of the
I Frenchman, ami the trim little frigate seem
| ../] p, 1,, i I right over under the crashing
I broadside which burst from the gaping ports.
\ moment later her topmen were swarming
; S( .| |i,.|- topsails and r iyals and she
■ rove to cross tic.. Gb’ire’s bows and rake
her again. 'I h< French capta n, however,
brought Ids frigate's bead round, and the two
rod- side bv side within easy pistol siidt.
i I,'e’ilne broadsides into each other in one of
I pjse umrderous dels which, could they alt
; b i-fcoi-iicd. v.ould mottle our cJuiri., xviin
' ’’"in 'that, heavy tropical air. wiih so faint
a breeze the smoke formed a thick bank
I roirnd the two vessels, from which ilie top
| mast; mijy protruded. Neither e.m’d ><o
i anvihing of save the throbs ol
, th,, darkness, .and th.- guns Were
sp.nged ami train-.l and tired bqo a dense
w.iil of vapor. <m the poop and the tore-
■ castle the marines, in two little rod hm ■
w re pouring in their volleys, but neither
they n,,r tne seamen gunners eolinl see w ... 1
effort their f.re was having. >u)r imh
...mid they I'll how far tmy were suh-ring
themselves, for standing ala gun one eon. 1
but hazilv see that, upon the right, and the
left. But above the roar of the cannon
came tin- sharper sound of the piping shot,
the crashing of riven planks and the occa
sional hc.ivx thud as spar or block came
hiirtiing on the deck. The lieutenants paced
up ami down bo.bind the line of guns, while
ATI,ANTA. GA., TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1893.
Captain Johnson fanned the smoke away
with his cocked hat and peered eagerly out.
“This is rare. Bobby,” said ho, as the
lieutenant: joined him. Then suddenly re
straining himself, “What have we lost, .Mr.
Wharton ?”
“Our maintopsail yard and our gaff, sir.”
“Where's the Hag?”
“Gone overboard, sir.”
“'They'll think we have struck. Lash a
boat’s ensign on the starboard arm of the
mizzen cross jack yard.”
"Yes. sir.”
A round siiot dashed the binnacle to pieces
between them. A second knocked two ma
rines into a bloody palpitating mass. For
a moment the smoke rose and the English
captain smv that his adversary’s heavier
metal was producing a horrible efieet. The
Leda was a shattered wreck. Her deck
was strewn with corpses. Several of her
portholes were knocked into one, and one
of her eightcen-pounder guns had been
thrown right back on her breech and pointed
straight up to Ijie sky. The thin line of
. marines still loaded and tired, but hail' the
guns wore silent and their crews were piled
thickly round them.
“Stand by to repel boarders'” yelled the
captain.
“Cutlasses, lads, cutlasses!” roared Whar
ton .
“Hold your volley till they touch!” cried
the captain of marines.
'The huge loom of the Frenchman was seen
bursting through the smoko. 'Thick clusters
of boarders hung upon Iwr sides and shrouds.
A final broadside leaped from Iwr ports ami
(lie mainmast of the Leda snapping short oft
n few feet above deck, spun iiuo the air and
crashed down upon the port guns, killing ten
men and putting the whole battery out of ac
tion. An instant later the two ships scraped
together and tiie starboard bower anchor of
the Gloire caught the mizzen chain of the
Leda upon tlw port side. YVith a .veil the
black swarm of boarders steadied themselves
for a spring.
But their feet were never to reach that
bloodstained deck. From somewhere there
came a well-aimed whiff of grape, and anoth
er, and anoth- r. Tiie English' marines and
seamen, waiting with cuthiss and musket bo
hud the silent guns, saw with amazement the
dark masses thinning and shredding away.
At tlw same time the port boarders of the
Frenchman burst into a roar.
“blear away ihe wreck.” roared the enp
t.:in. “What tlw devil are they tiring at?”
“Gyt (he guns clear!” panted tiie lieutenant.
“We’ll do them yet. Does!"
'l’he wreck'igo was torn and hacked and
splintered until first one gun and then another
roared into action an.iin. The Frenchman’s
anchor had been cut away and tiie Leda had
worked Imrself f; ;-> from that fatal hug. But
now suddenly there was a scurry up the
shrouds of the Gloria an ! a hundred English
men were shouting themselves hoarse.
“They’re running! They're running! They’re
running!”
And it was true. The Frenchman had cens
ed to fire, and was intent only upon clapping
on every sail that site enn ! d carry.
But that shouting liundn 1 could not claim
it all as their own. As tin smoke cleared if
was no; ditlier.lt to see the I'wson. Th" ships '
had gained I lie mouth of the estuary during ,
the fight, ami there about four miles cut to I
sea was the i. via’s coiwrl bearing down I
under full sail to tiie soii'id of !:ie guns. ban.
tain de Milon had done his r rt for one .
and presently the Gloire <lta- Ing T I
sv : ft Iy to ihe tiorili. ■ '
bow ling along sit her skirt.'' T _
Blie the Leda lay sorely stricken with her
mainmast gone, her bulwarks shattered, her
mizzenmast ami gaff shot away, her sails like
a beggar's rags and a liundred of her crew'
dead ami wounded. ('lose beside her a mass
of wreckage Honied upon the waves. It was
tile stern post es a mangled vessel, ami across
it in white letters on a black ground was
printed “Th- Slapping Sal."
"By the Lord it was the brig that, saved
u I" cried Mr. Wharton. “Hudson brought
her into action with the Frenehman and was
blown out of th- water by a broadside."
The little captain turned on his heel and pac
ed up ami down lite deck. Alteadv his crew
were plugging the shotholes, knotting and
splicing and mending. When ht> came back
the lieittenai.it saw a. softening of the stern
lines about his month and eyes.”
“Are limy all gone?”
“livery man. They must have sunk with
flm wreck.”
Th" two ollleers looked down at the sinister
name ami al the stump of wreckage which
floated in the discolored water. Something
black washed to ami fro beside a splintered
gaff and a tangle of halliards. It was the
ou!rage< us ensign, ;:nd near it a scarlet cap
was floating.
“lie was a villain, but ho was a Britton,”
said the captain at last. “He lived like a
dog, but bv God he died like a man.”
A CONAN DOYLE.
An Iron Jaw.
From The San Francisco Chronicle.
"Big Jim" c.-irtter, the famous Nevada
fighter, died the other day. Mark Twain in
“Roughing II" tells a story of bis prowess.
Twain's account veil illnslrafes the <piiet but
deep determination of th- man. On- evening
Cartter entered a restaurant ami unintention
ally sat down on the hat of a tall ami athletic
hot-blooded young gentleman, who was with
two or three other equally high-spirited com
panions.
When t’artter realized what he had done ho
apologized, slraighteiied the hat out Io the
1 best of hi ability, and gave his assuram-e on
( his honor as a gentleman that it was not an
intentional affront, and in a few modest words
I emieavore'l to appease the wrath of the young
i man, who was. in fact, a worthy citizen,
though a trifle inexperienced, 'fin' man with
the broken bat insisted that it was an out
rage that could not be forgiven, and. taking
olf his coal, challenged the stranger to combat.
‘lf we must light, we must. I suppose.” said
Ciwiter. slowly, as if umh—ided what to do.
“I don’t like the idea, though, for I don’t
! believe the whole lot of you would have any
i eh.-inee with me. Let me show you some
| thing.”
i t.miefly sitting down at the big table he
tool: hold of it with his teetii. and bracing his
knees again; I the lower part of the table,
raised it and its contents, a big dinner for
'four, roast and ail, ami with his horse load
stood el'e<T.
When be tint the table to the flour without
spilling a drop from the well-tilled glasses
there was an oppressive silence, which he
broke by saying:
"I have already apologized. My name is
Cartter. Let’s all take a drink."
Nobody refused. *
HIGH SPEED.
THE DETEEOPJHENT OF SPEED COE
. QUAL with that of safety.
The Great Fowor of Modern Locomotives.
Some Interesting Items About tlo
improvement .'and Speed of Engines.
New York. June 28.—1 t imty be true that
the race is not always to lite swift, but it
is also true that the nations tlmi have T!tid
out the best roads ami built tlw fastest
ships have been dominant since the dawn
of history.
Ju these later times, when tiie struggle
-or national supremacy- is almost entirely
almg commercial awl industrial lines, it is
the same, 'i he two most powerful and in
lightened governments of the earth today
are those of the United Slates and (Jreat
/-i Si?
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GEORGE S I 1.1 ’ll EySi LX AXI > “THE KOI' T < ET, “ \-t < i|! H i\i LI Y I tl': I T
i’ublislied Through the Courtesy of “Loi-omoUw' Engine; ring.
Hiitam, ami it is tlio Englishman ami the 1
yatikoe who have brought the railroad ami
lite steamship to their highest development.
Ad ] Germany and Erance, whose ships and
railroads are second only to those of Eng
land and the ( luted States, and you have |
tile four nations that imve been in the van j
ot progress for generations, not only in ma- '
terial matters but in literature, science and I
lite arts. It is a noteworthy fact that tile :
. niisements, which til tract the most gen- ;
al enthusiasm in al! lands where J he Eng- ;
r li, lhe German or th- French langtmg ' is 1
■, >ken. are trials of speed of one kind or |
■ dlier.' Enormous sums are expended ‘
•• , tine amt tt ..ii T'” ,
rl I ” ll,v 'fjttiivaiice of those the rest
Eu-A'oH'i as are lit 'ir sietm-rs ami lie ir
locomotives. It i' not »<>o much to say that
high speed and high civilization ni’c coexist
ent the world over.
The development of the present hma tan s
of sliced lias taken plae ■ entirely witmn l m I
pr-sent century. Tin- lust ‘.'ini
way was opera Hal between btovktoa .<nd
llarlingion, England, in 1.52->, a Stepliett
soti locomotive b i’>g used. lhe roan uas
twelve miles long, ami lhe I rip on ■ way was .
made in two hm.rs. When 11 was predicted ,
that the enormous rate of twelve miles .1
hour might some time be attained tne <tu
■o stioii was prompliy frowned don a. Wm >i
the Liverpool and Alaueliester railway was
„p,.ned in IS2U Hie famous lo.'e.motl ye.
Rocket, imide thirty miles an hunt on lit 1
trial trip, ran regularly at a rate ot twenty
live miles, and occasionally, v. mm beliind
time, reached a thirty-five mile speed.
In IS2S Peter Cot»p<T. oi .o v Yolk, bihil
a queer little locomotive which ma .- a
trial trip at. Baltimore, Mr. Cooper hmiswt
handling lhe throttle. She mane thirt-eii
miles an hour average speed atm s-puim-.
to eighteen and Mr. ( ooper had to hold
down the safety valve with his own hand
to keep enough steam up. Ihe use or
this engine was not continued, blm was
only a fraction above one-horse pov.er.
her trial demonstrated that the
t|„. Baltimore and Ohio, wlmrn ha. bee.
built bv Mr. Cooper, were suited to tin
<eam loci In IS2H the bbmi bridge
Lion, an English built machine, was tried
at Honesdah'. i’a., found to be too neavy
for the tracks and soon aoaiidomd. In
|S.*»L lhe Mohawk av«l liialsoii r.nlroa i.
now a part of the New X ot’k t’eniral sys
tem, began to use steam over its rails
The first train run was drawn by Hie I a
Witt Clinton and is now shown in duplicate
al the world's fair. The famous loco
motive, John Bull, was started mt the
Camden and Amboy in 18o‘2 and is now a
part of H:e Chicago exhibit of the I’ennsyl
vania road. Belli these engines were
worked regularly at about eighteen to twen
ty miles an hour ami the development ot
speed from that time was rapid.
Tbo Involution of Railway Speed.
The early types of American Jocomotives
differed radically from early English ma
chines and some very strange loosing eji
gines were produced «n this side <)f tne
water, notably lhe "grasshoppers an I
LaCSASN WWOI ' ■ :■ I
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. , A TRIO MoHEBN ’■:NGINES. ( ,r n Kailway FlV( ,r, English. 3.
1. “'.)!*». Empire kAorcss.
( ompouml Engine, < enir:ii I’ k. .'»»•- 1 *•• • •
“crabs" run on lhe Boston and Ohio during
the first few years of its
I records have never been enndulb
kept by the railroads, but. at teaat Im.
veaixs ago the mile a minute rate n.id b<< n
re-iched in more Hinn one instance, jleii
lr „ some r.".>rds that have Imen
ISA:*. - Albany l<> N<'"' Xork, ' H 1 ,
in IC,‘J minutes; 1851. Baddingt.-n io Blough.
Eu-hind, special tnun eighteen nlb s m
lifmen minutes; IStid, Hamburg t<> mllalo.
X. Y.. on the Erie, ten niles in eight min
utes; IStiS, Janesvilh’, XVis., to ( lueago,
111 nintv-one miles in ninty minutes: I.W-.
Roch.’ster to Syrm nse, single ear, eighty
one miles n eighty-two minutes; >.
Jersey city to XX est 1 hiladelphia, ninety
miles in ninety-nine minutes: 1879. St.
Thomas to Victoria. Canada. lIS miles in
120 minutes, including eight minute’ slops
for waler; 187 G, New York to San Fran
cisco, .’>,317 mites, eighty-three hours and
twenty-seven minutes, actual time forty
miles an hour; IS.S.y, Fast Buffalo to Wee
hawken. N. J., in seven hours rind twenty
three minutes or fifty-six miles an hour,
eighty-three miles an hour having been
made at some ponts on this trip: 1888,
trials of speed between east and west
coast lues from London to Edinburgh, west
coast, line 490 miles, east coast 392; won
by west coast line in seveh hours and
twenty.‘ivo minutes, the average speed be
ing 52. G miles an hour, .with short spurts
of seventy-two. This rate or therea
bouts was thereafter reguhi'-ly maintained.
It was not until IS9I that regular runs
at all approaching these speeds were made
in America, when tlw iUyal Blue line trains'
over the Baltimore and Ohio. Philadelphia
and Heading and Central railroad of New
Jersey, were put on, the average rate main
tained by them between termini being 45.5
miles an hour. The I’enn-yivania. trains
between the same points run a trifle
slower, both roads making the distance in
pracrieally live hours time. Both roads
run trams between. X-w York and Philadel
phia, ninety-two miles, in a little over two
hours, lhe be.t regular run for a long
diH.ince is me,-, llU| | ( , by the famous Em
pire State express, which runs daily on the
Xoi l (amtral railroad, t'ro’m X-w
lork to Buffalo, a distance of-i.’ll) E2 mil s
in eight hours and forty minutes. Thii I
calls for ati average speed of lifty-two am! !
a hail miles an hour, and of course for daily j
dashes tli.-ii are much faster. The train I
o' l ''A Buffalo behind the schedule. '
in eiim'dc 111 '. 1 ’ T ,:l .li. | 'd of en line'.'H'.l was put
lost twenty-live minutes wlibn it reaem-n
Syracuse; no phenomenal speed was made
bA.v-en Syriu us- and Roelieshr. but from
Richest, i- to Buffalo, -ixty-iime miles, the
average speed was more th in a mile a nim
th . tim- between stations being sixiy
ei'-'id minutes. The live miles between
I.oonew. ill- and (liimesvillo were made m
t’ re.' at. I a half minutes, and one mile be
tween Grim svillo and the Forks in thirty
live seconds, < ’■ faster than IH2 miles an
hour. Singularly enough or. the same day
a heavy train on Hie Pennsylvauia coyer 1 .-!
the tii'iel s-tw<> mill's between 1 ’ii'edi • pb.ia
and New' York in 10H minutes., On Ma
ll th, broke her own record, doing a
mile in thirty-two seconds, a speed which
continued for an hour would reach 112 1-2
mil"-. 1 r
The best recorded single mile before
the Empire State’s r 'cent perlormiine 'S
sv.is mmle bv an engine on the Philadelphia
am] Reading, in 1S;»1, which did a nui ■ -n
t b.i-t v-niae and thfoe-toiirt hs secomi;. a
little faster than ninety and one-hail miles
an hour.
How Modern ItuKines Are Made.
The ilevi b imieiit of high railroad speeds
has been brought übrntt lirmigh the pe■ .ee
if the prim-ipies adopted m Stepuen
: s.m’s Rocket, in which w e the es..i ulial
I f.. :l( nres Os the double .'yli.i.iers the mint -
Pm- |, .Hers awl the exhaust dr.i.t. I'>
this must be addl'd 'he general I.’ll s tcad.y
imi.rovemTit ol th" reiuibe:., 01. .i._ '.a
Engli.'l: call it. the “permanent w. ' ■ ,a>- '
ii,,.' more pcrfe’-l construction oi engines.
The boiler capacity and Bic gi’aty, sui aey
of the new engines arc yasilv gi ■ < "■ ' 1 '
were adotded in the machines o, i.ti.ci .fa.-s,
but tile size of drivers has not b-ea m-
1 In fact the driv-rs oj the peerless
•t'l’i are’bm seven f-et three .nda s 111 <ll
- while as far back as 1549 the Cam
den awl Amboy, now a part <d th ■ - ".m
--svlvani.i system, used eight loot ...tvi',,-
c'.'ven eiwines of this type were bunt t.u.i
~u „ ,iH 151.2: they e.mld ;nake marvei
mk speed on straight, level tricks wi h ligt
but Ihe who 'is slipped oil grades and
vhen heavily I..ailed and tne nri-hri.'.
sturled very slowly. The engino makers o,
lodcv understand that whim ; b< vvlcw
'.;i| cover more ground to ''io same num
ber of revolutions than small on ", they 10-
(idir. more st.-am and must support enouga
, ( tlw engine's weight I<> luwl th< ni d ivvn.
In the I amden and Amb w ,bm vvw'ele.i
engines I In- Wight was Im ge.y bm’ne by
the triwks, anti lb.' holer war sma.L Ih<
I drivers of Hie 'Joyal Blue engtn.-s are set
’ un.-.ei the center of the etigl.i', and theie
! are trucks ahead and belli i 1; the tire b '-
i is built over the rear trucks instead <>l b<-
; tweel tlw drivers, and so niore grite siitiaee
lis obtained. In the engi <d Hie Empire
i State express the extra grate siirtace is got,
I bv lengthening the fire ir’x. wh • i is pl.i< ec.
I between the drivers. Host Bis, j-mghs:’
.'t.giiws have bat <>n<‘ I<air -f drivers, white
Amerii'un eiigiiws have two. Auvamave
is claimed for each plan. ” ’lk
j fact is, probably, that each u aes* foi Jc
PRICE 5 CENTS
I conditions it has to nice’. Ani'-ic'ui rib
road trait's are heavier than English ones
and the extra pair of drivers gives ihe < Ira
ai hesion necessary to p n l| th,, great,. r p,.,,!
I.tore is probably sottte Joss of motion and’
power in engines with connected drt'-er
bei attse of slight friction variation bet w "n
the two. pairs of wheels, win ■!>, with ,b‘
hght tiams of the English, might mere than
<>ll set the advantage of increised tractive
power. cm-me
; Ihe trm'ks of Afnerican engines are swiv
eh d—they (.'•'•Il them "bogies" in Ei:glai„l -
so as to give the nit'chitie greater flexibility
in making Lie curves of our lines. Th,. ,th
jeel of using the new compound loeoniotive<
m which the steam is u5..,1 once in a small
cylinder and expanded for a second U s< in
a..-tiger one about which so much has !>. ,-n
printed ol late, is not principally to gtiin
speed, but to. < eoHoniizr fnej The \,. „
York C ntral’s !)<)9 j s a simple engine. *The
chief adi. mage possessed by a compound
in making speed ns that, she has 1.-.,. w,.... iir
<il coal to carry m net- tender. The use of
steal)' expansively does not necessarily in
crease the piston speed, which is, „i <ourse
Hie first requisite to increased ~f
drivers and ’.rain.
Ji is now only a queslion of time an! m
provciiietn of roadbeds when most r.tiiroads
wtl tint far Luster regular trains than have
hitherto been operated. This is true
wdwtl.er electricity is imreduced on long
lines ot rail or not, lor outside of three er
lour of the trunk lines the rails ar-' n..-
heavy enough, nor the ballast K nod enm-’i
nor the hues straight enough to wai-'i'n *
the hignest rates of speed attainable bv tlw
present loeojiHidves. There is no doubt
Liat locomotives nitty be operate.! by elec
tricity at as great speed as by steam,' for it
is only a question of revolutions of dr' <rs
and economy of fuel. B must be remem
berud that, so tar, th.* term “electric pow* r“
is a misnomer. The power is still Bn
inward primarily b.v steam or wat t, and
electricity is jmTely the medium througu
which the power is applied.
AT (IHH IMtlitU.
Dedication of New York’s .Monument to the
Heroes M ho J ell in Battle.
Gettysburg, I’.-I July 2. With bright sun
light above aim tlie field on which Gcttv slnii—'s
<l".'isiye iai i" was fought st retelling' mil b--
lovv, ~ew lork stale's handsome moiminent
lo I,ie Heroes v. IO ,'ell in imit fight was dedi
e:Uei! today with impressive eeremoides.
11 was the great day ot ttie eelebral ion of the
Ini.'iieth anmvi r.-ai'.v of ;1 ;( . three , iavs ’ Ught.
Seven Hi-11.-.and New '1 ork veterans. Hie «'over
nor.". ot i rn- two states, the surviving generals
ol Hie 'ait.’e and tlions,ands of veterans and
yisuors Hom other states were present to
atti'nd Hie impressive ceremonies. The One
Hnmlie.t m.l Thirty-Seventh New York volun
teers op, iied the proceedings. J’ravm- was
ollereu .mil tne veierans sang "America.”
G-neral Avery then in: roduceil (oaeral Slo
cum, vlio made an eloquent address. He was
i'lhewed by General i.reen .and Governor
rlo’ver. 'the Imier said among oilier tilings
-IHb' the sot tiers of the old world tight 10
III.'IK" ilieir nioiUo'eiis greater, vou foiigl’i to
niake yon* enemies you - e,mats' in ai tilings
and ,<» enable »1.« ir children to enjoy fin*
,1 . 1 . i .s...eqm!m- p-pii'bv wiih' your
as Governor Flower took Ill’s "sea
wife'««
ba 11 le ground. -"iu,. - "
Tills afternoon Hie since surrounding H f
ir name’:; v. as eonipl, i. t\ ti’l< with Jieopl ■
fully io.eo' P'-opte t>-ing'pr, <oiit. The scene
fioin Hie platfori', „. JS imtiressive one.
q'b. ie w.i row alter .. .• |,ronze-f->ee’l.
oray-tiiiii'eii men. in Hie dark mile ... ,1,,. (traml
p.riiiy. and b ’liiud them a sea of fact s of men,
women ami children, reached back m the
"I'owHi of evergreen which mark the border of
,Is. (jeni’t'iil Sickles opened tin- -firo.
cocdiin.' by whi-p-ring so low his voice could
not I'ejeb * the outside ranks. Rev. W. 15.
I, .rriel,. Hi- eoiored veteran preacher, then
offered prayer.
General Si-kles then, as presiden: of the
board of Gettysbnrg nioiuunenr . oniinissioncrs
of New York state, delivered the introductory
"ei's'iop Fetter was tli-n int rodiieed. H“ <1«-
li.ered Hi addre-s. Governor Bar-
tis ,,„ ami Gov.'-nor Flow. " the., >poke. a
uoem was read and then the eaimon Hum-
,. their salntc to Hie niomuneiii awl 10
, h ;. „„ mor.v of H," dead nn<l vyhile smoke
rolled across Hie wheat. li-Ids ot Hie valley
the crowd dispersed.
BOOTH’S FIGHT WITH LIOI OT>.
The Great Actor’s Strong and Idfe-I-ong
Struggle Against the Appetite,
From an Interview in San Fran, iseo i-.xaniiner
“I.i.inor h.-'il been ids father’s eni'se It
was his entieeiw'iit and bis martyrdom. His
heroic struggle .'mahist' Hie appetiie etidoared
],i,„ more and to those wlio know him
best. Hi’ would .'Ollie to my Bible Iw was
tlw god fa 1 her of mi child, yi kww. awl in n
like thiwiii Adams awl myself, vv ould !’•• Hwy
■'H I. .. 11 r '.vi n. • before IIS. V.l’ <1 "IV. I .d. > S
too bad, ol i man. you can I join u.-.
“’Oh. don't niiwi :ne.' he'd vepi.v . ‘I only
regret I .lure not. 1 dare not I dare not 1’
“I remember owe :i leading ”.'iin>er who
lived in Brooklyn gave n grand- fete etiaw
pctre. which was romanesque in its |r-ill
ga'liy. Booth went, (’hanipagne flooded the
place. He left. Hie house awl wandered in
Hie garden, i'eople who met him urged him
to go biwk to the throng. He declined*
Afterwards lie said to mo:
•• •[ S’IPI>"S” those people said. “M e met I "d
Booth down in t h-gro.mil: . ploying ‘H.inilor . ”
But if I'd gone back I might have been the
merriest of all for an hour perhaps as bright
as auv. Bur when some of the guests leit
they would have stumbled over my, yi'ost.ra’e
figure in the gaiter ar-.’- said. 'the brute!
M'liv can't iw stay away?'
"It was beean-. ’ of ids martyrdom Hint tie
took lo bis strong pipe. Ids strong cigars awl
his strong coffee; and (hey undermined his
svsteni. shattered his nerves and drove him
to ;i prom.Auro dentil.
reinomb 1 W'li. a he was playing lago to
Saivini's Othello one night in New York.
1... had taken a drink or I vv.. before coming
co tic* .-la.m*. Wii’ii uis icrvoiis • E’ganization
siinu.".<’hb’ 1 roubles <i of beci meant
almosl (Iruukenaoss. .
•When in me Salvi u imsbed nun oft.
instead ol staggering and r<"">veriiig., lie fell
lull length with liis head right in I in foot
lights. Ii was an awful tiling, and you could
hear the shivering ‘uglil’ go through Hie thea
ter aml aei oss tbe si age.
“That ’ugh!’ sobered him in an instant,
and ilie.v had to watch him all that night to
Keep him Irom sell- les' riietion- lie felt that
he bud disgraceil hint-i'll forever, and it was
on v by Hie inosl totn liitlg appeals that he
could bo peisnaih d to go on the next night.
|,n( al last Ke cons’lll<‘<l.
"The plav was I: niw't.' and he bad the
title role Yon know the entrance. When
he appeared ne couldn’t lace the immense au
dience But men and women rose in their
eh-i irs awl shoute:l:
•• ‘Booin'. Booth! Booth!' just to let him
know that he was <l»ar old Booth yet, no
tnalter what might come. ...
",'ion’t von know, lie just s4ood ,on that
and sobbed alond. He couldn’t control
i li ‘s tears, and Hie began t« weep with
p,nt then he turned and. all. lie played
•Hamlet' that night, as it was never played
Yiefore!”
No Forethought.
Mr AVavhaek Sonic folks ain’t got sense
enoiwh to' eonie in when it rai'is. I>i'l you
see thut long-haired ehap with his arms lull
o’ bum II os?
Mrs Wavb.p’k No’, who r
Mr ’ AVavinek Don’t know: but he is down
there al 'the <>l'l Po»<l paintin a picture of
and lose every cent he > got.