The Atlanta constitution. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1885-19??, January 16, 1894, Page 2, Image 2

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Newspaper Page Text2 PANAMAS CANALS. FOR A CENTURY THIS SCHEME OF DITCHING HAS DEEN AGITATED. It was a Hobby of Bolivar's—The Groat South American Patriot Worked for the Pro ject Foreseeing the Benefits. By Hon. Wm. L. Scruggs, ex-United States min ister to Venezuela. There seems never to have been a time in the national history of Colombia when the project of an inter-ocean ship canal across the isthmus of Panama was not a subject of discussion. Even before the first formal declaration of the independence of the coun try in 1810 the matter had been uppermost in the minds of Colombian statesmen; and it continued to be discussed by them during the whole period of the twelve years strug gle which foliowad. .. t But the first serious movement in that di rection seems to have originated with Gen eral Simon Bolivar- soon after he became amilitary dictator, towards the close of that memorable contest. He sent an agent to Europe authorized to propose an isthmean canal scheme to the merchants and capital ists of London, the real object of whlc.i, however, was to bring about a recognition of the new government by the commercial powers of Europe. After many rebuffs and vexatious delays, the agent finally succeeded in interesting some British capitalists who agreed to furnish the money necessary to the success of the enterprise on the condi tion that the absolute neutrality of the ca nal should be guaranteed by some mari time power able to maintain it. This guar antee could not then be obtained and the scheme failed. The next effort was made in 18L. Ihe United States had, at the instance of Mr. Clay and John Quincy Adams,, formally rec ognized the new republic but all the great maritime powers of Europe held aloot through reference to the so-called Holy Al liance.” In order to stimulate them to for mal recognition, President Bolivar asked and obtained from the federal congress of Co lombia authority to open negotiations With foreign capitalists, or, at his discretion, with some foreign government, lor opening a ship channel across the isthmus. The authority was readily granted but no maritime power could be found willing to guarantee the neu trality of the transit or Colombia s sover eignty of the isthmus and the scheme was again defeated. It, however, continued to be discussed by the press and public men of Colombia .and was again revived in the proposed Panama conference of American states in 18_u Ihe Colombian delegates to that lust I an A lean congress wire instructed to favoi any reasonable project looking to a water trans it of the American isthmus; but the con gress itseli was a failure, and the canal scheme was doomed to . it was again revived in IS- 1 wheii I resi dent Bolivar took active measures to have the isthmus explored by a corps ot compe tent engineers; but, even before the commis sioners had reached the isthmus, internal po litical dissension arose which resulted in the disruption of the Colombian tederai union. In the partition of territory which follow ed the Isthmus of Panama tell to the lot of’New Granada (no.v Colombia), and >n 1831* a concession was granted to certain capitalists, or rather to certain individuals who claimed to represent foreign capitalists, who proposed to organize an itnernational company and open the canal, ihey never organized a company, and the scheme again fell dead. But in the executive decree de claring the concession forfeited an offer was made to treat with any company finan cially able to fulfill the agreement. I hen followed in quick succession a multitude of concessions, ?• which. however, ever amounted to anything. Thus the matter stood in M, when an American company obtained tne concession for the construction of the pres ent Panama railway. ~ Still the canal scheme would not down. It continued to be talked about, both in ( o lumbia and the United States, and finally. In 1858, Mr. Caleb Cushing was sent by our government as special envoy to Bogota, in structed tx obtain a concession for the sur vey of the isthmus looking to the construe-’ tfo’n of a ship canal by what is known as the Xtrato route. He succeeded in nego tiating a fawn-able treaty, but the Colom- Tran congress, to which it was referred for ratification, so altered and amended it as made it unacceptable. Negotiations were renewed in but failed of anv practical results. Meantime, the completion of our transcontinental railway h:yl interested ! ■ n ■■ ■H fl erent direct ion* am the eanai project had been referred to a naval commission instructed to survey and report upon the Nicaraugua route. This stimulat I activity among the public men of Colombia, who now began to look again to European capital for the consum mation of their long di-r’sheil scheme. The result finally was th<| concession of 1 <B. generally known as thl“ “Salgar-Wyse con tract.” under which Count Ferdinand Do l.ceoopj r i ill-fated company and began work in 1380. 11. The history of this eomnanv is still frosh In the public mind. In many respects >t is without a parallel in the annals of bold and shameless rascality. When the com pany finally broke down and '• 1 came bank rupt in 1889, compai a lively little work had been done, though fabulous sums of money had been spent. No one who had taken the trouble to familiarize himself with the origin and history of that company, or who was cognizant of its peculiar bus ness meth ods, was surprised at the result. No one competent to judge ever believed the canal would be opened on tin- route indicated; except, possibly, by the French government, which seemed likely at one time to fall heir to the company’s concession and assets; and, in that case, international complica tions vould be sure to arise, which would seriously involve the United States govern ment. For, no matter by whom opened, the canal would be merely an artificial strait communicating between ,wo open seas, and its navigation would have to be regulated by the same rules of international law Which govern the navigation of straits in general. The only exceptions that could be claimed for it would be such modifica tions as might become necessary for the protection of individual rights. Under the modern rules of international | Jaw. when the navigation of both seas are ' free the navigation of the connecting chan- ' feu ■ • - -X Mrs. L. Townsend. Rising Sun, Delaware. Good FamHy Medicines Hood’s Sarsaparilla and Hood’s Phis. “I regard Hood’s Sarsaparilla and flood’s Pills, the very best, family medicines, and wo are never without them. I have always been A Delicate Woman and began taking Hood's Sarsaparilla three years ago for that tired feeling. It built mo up bo quickly anil so well that 11-1 like a different woman and have always had gre::t faith in it. I give it to riy children v. heiiev. r there seems any trouble, with their biood, ami it does them good. My little Loy likes it so well he cries for it. I cannot find words to telt how highly I prize it. "VVe use Hood’s Pills in the family and. they Act Like Charm I take plcasuro in recommending these medi cines to all my friends, for I believe if people Hood’s x Cores would onlv keep Hood’s Sarsaparilkiand llood’3 Pills at hand as we do, much sickness and suf fering’would be prevented.” Mits. L. Towns- END, Rising .Sun, Delaware. ""wood’s Pills act easily, yet. promptly and tffifiieaUy, on the liver and bowels. 2oc. THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION: ATLANTA. GA.. TUESDAY, JANUARY 16, 1894. nel Is likewise free. And this is true, al th< ugh the connecting channel be bounded on both sides by the territory of some sov ereign state, and be so narrow as to be easily commanded by cannon shot from both sides. The territorial jurisdiction of the sovereign is modified by the public right of passage from sea to sea. But while this is true, the public right of pas sage is itself modified by the right of the sovereign through whose territory the chan nel passes. He may prescribe such rules and regulations as he may deem necessary to his own safety, and this, under certain contingencies, may amount to a positive prohibition. Thus, although open and free to all private merchant vessels of what ever nationality, the channel could be de clared closed, as a matter of right, to all public armed vessels whenever this should became necessary to the safety of the state through whose territory it passes. And this I ecey.’sarily implies the right of the state .o enter into" alliances, offensive and defensive, to enforce closure against possible enemies. But this is precisely what the sovereign state of Colombia did as early as 1846, by article 35 of the treaty of that date, and still of force, with the United States. Another rule, applicable in such cases, Is that the sovereign, through whose territory the channel passes may exempt his own subjects from payment of tonnage or other like duties, without thereby invalidating his right to unconditionally withhold such priv ileges from the subjects or citizens of other nations. It logically follows that he may likewise exempt the subjects of citizens of his ally, and thus place them upon an equal footing with his own. without thereby im pairing his right to withhold such privileges from the subjects or citizens of all other nations. But this, again, is precisely what Colombia did by the treaty of 1846. when she guaranteed to the citizens of the Unitefl States “all the exemptions, privileges and immunities,” with respect to the isthmean transit, present and prospective, "enjoyed ■or to be enjoyed by Colombian citizens.” Nor was this all. In article 35, of the treaty already cited, Colombia guaranteed "to the government of the United States the right-of-way or transit, across the isth mus of Panama, upon any modes of com munication" then in existence or that might thereafter be constructed'. free of all encum brances or restrictions whatsoever. In other words, with respect to the "govern ment” of the United States, the right of passage is absolute, and its war vessels may pass and repass without restrictions, while with respect to “citizens" of the United States, their right of passage is limited only by' the conditions imposed upon Colom bian citizens; the consideration in both cases being "the efficient guarantee by the United States” of the neutrality- of the tran sit and of Colombia’s sovereignty and do minion over the isthmus. HI. It was readily seen, therefore, that, in case the canal should be completed, no mat ter by whom, this treaty would stand in the way of French dominion on the isthmus. It would have been the most natural thing in the world for the two signatory powers (Colombia and the United States) to de clare the passage closed, “as a matter of right,” to the public armed vessels of all other nations; in which case, not even France could have justified a formal pro test. For no two principles are more per manently incorporated into the public law of Europe than that which excludes all foreign armed vessels front straits which pass through the ter ritory of some sovereign state; and that which admits to the free navigation of such straits, all private merchant vessels of whatever nationality. Thus, by' the treaty of Adrianople, of 1829, Russia and her allies were admitted to the free and un restricted navigation of the Black sea, while the entry to the straits of Con stantinople and the Dardenelles was ex pressly prohibited to "the war vessels of ail other nations,” And by’ the treaty of London, in 1841, tie entry of foreign armed vessels was prohibited, while yet those waters were declared open and free to mer chant vessels of all nations. And later on, when, by the treaty of Paris, of 1856, the Black sea was declared neutral, the straits leading to it were declared closed “a., a matter of right” to the war vessels of all nations except only • those of the allied powers. So also in 1871, when this treaty was modified by' the London con ference, the two principles—closure to war Vessels and freedom to merchant vessels— were reasserted. And this declaration was further, emphasized by the admitted rignt ot the allies to “agree to the harmless use” of the straits by the public armed vessels of the other powers. In his clandestine efforts to induce the Colombian congress to abolish or modify the 35th article of the treaty of 1816, an agent cf the De Lesseps Canal Company once pointed out that, under the provisions of the Salgar-Wyse contract, of 1878, a like closure of the Panama canal would be such a violation of the vested rights of the com pany as would compel the French govern ment to interfere. Shrewd as he was, he had overlooked the fact that nowhere in that contract had Colombia assumed an obligation to permit the free passage of public armed vessels. All that Colombia had stipulated was that when such vessels were Allowed to pass, the company had the right "to fix toll rates.” etc. It was still competent to Colombia, acting in concert with her ally, to* declare that "when.” In other words, the special privilege of fixing tolls a”d establishing regulations of public armed vessels in the canal, could have no existence whatever until after the right of passage by' those vessels had been speci fically granted. But, aside from this, even if Colombia had incautiously’ obligated her self, in advance, to allow such vessels to pass, the obligation would have been a nullity' in view of the prior grant to the United States in the treaty of 1846. It was during this discussion, and when Count de Lesseps and his associates had salaried agents in the United States, that the suggestion somehow originated in Washington that "if the treaty' of 1846 was to be construed as an alliance with a weak and Impecuneous South American state, the best thing to do would be to modify article 35, or else abolish it entirely.” No one seemed to know just how this sugges tion originated, but it was favored by more than one very’ influential New York news paper. It was argued very’ learnedly by some of these half-American journals th'at we could not afford to disregard the tradi tions of the country by entering into "en tangling alliances” even for the purpose of controling the isthmean transit, and Wash ington’s farewell address was freely cited in support of this position. All this may now be considered "ancient history.” Still, it is not without interest as showing the real nature of the DeLesseps canal bauble. Those who were in a posi tion to know had every reason to doubt his sincerity when he undertook the enter prise. He may have been over-persuaded by r impecuneous parties who had lost posi tion a. nd Influence by the downfall of the empire, and who saw in this scheme the means of replenishing their private for tunes. If so. it may’ have been part of the scheme to ultimately’ unload the enterprise upon the new government. Be that as it many, that DeLesseps did at one time enter tertain the hope that the French govern ment might become so compromised as to be forced to take the job off his hands, hardly admits of reasonable doubt. Hence the systematic effort to get the treaty of 1846 out of the way. IV. But a word in this connection about "en tangling alliances.” At the time of Wash ington’s farewell address, all Europe was in turmoil. England and France were still quarreling, and Mr. Jefferson (who had became strangely infatuated with French ideas) had been at no pains to conceal his desire for an alliance of France and the United States as against England. Wash ington’s advice was to have nothing to do with this or any other European quarrel, but to "avoid all entangling alliances.” His warning could have had no reference to any free states in South or Central America, because no such states then existed or seemed likely to come into existence. The eastern si .pesos the Mississippi valley were the utmost limits of our prospective posses sions in the west. Florida and Louisiana, and Texas were all under foreign flags. But in 1846, when this treaty with Colombia was signed, the entire Atlantic and gulf coasts, from the Bay of Funday to the mouth of the Rio Grande, was within our national domain and jurisdictian. Our western boundary was the Pacific ocean, and the Isthmus of Panama had become practically our southern border, in that it was now in the direct line of our sixteen thousand miles of sea coast. Hence, the treaty, in the form agreed upon, had be come a commercial and political necessity. It was, however, entered into wfth ex treme reluctance, and with great difficulty ratified by tlm senate. Like our federal constitution itself, it was “wrung from the necessities of an unwilling people.” Even after of ratifications had been made, the treaty excited constant appre hension and misgivings, and four years afterwards, we committed the astonishing blunder of soliciting a “joint guarantee” of the neutrality of the isthmus by Eng land and France. Fortunately, our ill advised request was not granted. Indeed, it was hardly seriously entertained. Earl Russell, speaking for the British govern ment, said a joint guarantee was “alike unnecessary and undesirable;” that "the sole guarantee by the United States was ample for any emergencies likely to arise,” and that "the present arrangement was entire ly satisfactory to Great Britain.” A simi lar response was received from the French government, with the additional assurance that “the sole guarantee of the United States was satisfactory to the commercial world.” This seemed to end it. The so-called “Monroe doctrines” had received the sanc tion of the two leading powers of Europe, and the apprehensions of our timid execu tive were allayed. Nothing more was ever heard of "a joint European guarantee” of the neutrality of the isthmus till the De Lesseps Canal Company sprang into exist ence. By the contract of 1878, the company had come into possession of millions of acres of wild* lands on the isthmus. It had likewise become the owner of the Panama railway, and the towns of Colon and Panama had practically become French settlements. Then it was that Count de Lesseps made the astonish ing discovery that the “Monroe doctrine” had a European origin; that the people of the United States had never understood it; in short, that it really meant nothing. But he failed to induce Colombia to abrogate article 35, on the teraty of 1846, with the United States; failed to induce the French people, whom he had enveigled into his enterprise to force the new French republic to take a uad bargain off his hands; and a few years later, he and his associates and accomplices were sentenced as criminals by the judicial authorities of Paris. - < Do Vim llnvn Asthina JTf yon do, you will be glad to ae®r that the Kola pl-ant, foiiiml on itlie Congo river, west Africa, is reported a ipvstive cure for the disease. The Kolia Imperiling CoiTipany, 11(14 Broad way. New York, have Mich fa’.rh in this new discovery, 'tihat -they iare son-ding out free by mail targe uiivl cases of Kona Compound 'all sufferers tfivnn Astflima, who send their name and -address on a iposita! card. Write to t hem. A DEMOIM IN' TAMPA Who Enticed Little Girls Into His Shop mid Assaulted Thein. Tampa, Fla., January 7.—(Special.)—There is likely to be a lynching here before morn ing, or within a week any way, if the courts do not take prompt action. An old shoe maker, named Fraser, was arrested about midnight charged with criminally assault ing five little girls from nine to thirteen years old, whom he enticed into his shop by gifts of money. One of the girls con fessed last night to her mother, who had been suspicious since Wednesday of some thing wrong and was endeavoring to gain proof. The child's stepfather, C. M. Clin ton, at once informed the police and Fra ser was arrested without a warrant and put in the city jail. A warrant was sworn out this morning when he was removed at once to th? county jail. The officers sup pressed the facts today as much as possi ble, with the intention of securing imme diate trial in the circuit court tomorrow. A preliminary hearing will be held Mon day before County Judge Harrison. Men have been.heard to say that if the facts are then developed to justify it Fraser will stretch rope without further formalities. Fraser is about sixty-five years old and came here one year ago from Memphis. He kept a small cobbling shop on Polk street. One room he rented io a small deal er in merchandise. This led to his detec tion. Neighbors became suspicious of Fra ser’s actions and especially of free gifts of nickels to little girls who passed to and fro, and several persons are said to have been eye-witnesses of his guilt through a crack in a portion of the wall. Fraser stoutly denies the charge. IBs •] stout denial, his quiet arrest and transfer-’ to the county jail and the proximity of t circuit court session have stood .him? irr stead so far, but <!,. r-.t? guessed. Little faith is placed in his deni al. as three girls have confessed. Only one of them—the ten-year-old daughter of Doty Thompson, captain of the steamer Mistle toe —has a living father. Two, aged eleven and thirteen, are stepdaughters of W. M. Whaley, a carpenter; one of nine years, stepdaughter of C. M. Clinton, a carpenter, and the fifth is the eleven-year-old child of Mrs. Taylor, a widow with three children, who earns a scant living by sewing. .Mrs. Taylor seems to feel it most deeply and last night threatened in despair to kill herself. For 512.n0 We have about one hundred copies of the life and speeches of the kite Henry XV. Grady and offer them in connection with' The Week ly Constitution for 83.50. That is, will send you the speeches of Mr. Grady and The Weekly Constitution one year if you will send us 83.50. The price of the speeches is 83.50, so by taking the two you get the paper one year" free. It must be understood that we have only about one hundred copies and, of course, the first come will be first served. Sen 1 your order at once to The Constitution, Atlanta, Ga. DEAD IN HIE WOODS Where Ho Had Been Brutally Murdered by His ion an Bobbed. Birmingham, Ala., January 7.—(Special.)— Some negro children found the dead body of a handsome young man neatly dressed in United States cavalry uniform in some dense woods near - the southern outskirts of the city this morning. Papers in his pockets indicated that the man’s name was Eugene Walker; that he was a sergeant in Company H Sixth Nebraska cavalry. He had evidently been murdered, as his pockets were found to have been rifled. Two pistol balls had entered just behind his left ear and powder burns attested that the weapon had been placed against his head. Eugene Byars, a desperate character, I identified the body as that of Eugene Walk- I er, a cousin of his. He said Walker was en route to his father’s home in Eldridge, Walker ocunty, on a furlough. Walker had stopped over to spend a few days with rela tives here. Byars said he had left him about dark last night in the city. Byars was under the influence of whisky and talk ed too much. He was arrested on suspicion. Later a street car driver stated that the dead man and Byars had left the city on his car shortly after dark last night. Both were drinking. They got off at a point opposite the scene of the murder and started into the woods. Pistol shots were heard in the neighborhood shortly afterward. Appearances indicated that the victim and the murderer drank and smoked together just before the commission of the deed, and that when Walker got drunk his com panion murdered him and robbed him of j his money’ and watch. The absence of any weapon on the scene dispels the theory of suicide. Walker was about thirty years old and unmarried. By ars. has been defendent in several murder cases, hut has escaped conviction in the past. He pleads innocence. HOWARD’S * JAIL LIFE. HefSiiiKs Hie Popular Songs of the llnj. Jackson. Tenn., January 10.—(Special.)— Rev- G. F. B. Howard, of claim agency fame, is still at the county jail. He has the f ’aedom of the corridors, and his wife spends the days with him. He has plenty ot’ opportunity to converse with his wit nesses who are confined in jail awaiting the special term of the federal court in February. The government is getting its evidence ready by’ that time. Howard seems cheerful, and hums the popular airs of the day as he walks up and down the jail corridor. A great many visitors apply for admission, but the sheriff only admits mem bers of his family. It is said Howard will write a book on his life. ACCIDENT TO AN AEftONAI T. Her Pnrncliute StriKes a Tree and She Was Badly Injured. San Antonio, Tex., January 7. —Miss Stella Robbins, the widely known aeronaut, met with probably a fatal accident here this evening. She has been giving Sunday after noon ascensions here for the past few weeks, and this afternoon started on her • usual voyage from San Pedro park. The balloon arose to a height of about two thousand feet, when Miss Robbins let her self drop wilh the parachute. The para chute opened, but the wind carried it downward with great rapidity, and it struck a. large tree with its burden with terrific force. Miss Robbin's right leg was broken, and she received internal injuries which will probably result fatally. A VALUABLE FIND. THE SECRETARY OF STATE COMES ACROSS AN ANCIENT PACKAGE. Governor Brown Conld Not Find It—Good Food for Future Historinns—Georgia’s Old Seal of State—lndian Lore. Several days ago General Phi! Cook, in relating some incidents about the old capi tol, mentioned the fact that Governor Joseph E. Brown,’in his report to the.as sembly when the ordinance of secession was pending, said: "I am unable to find the original docu ment passed by Georgia ratifying the decla ration of independence, and I shall be forced to read from a copy which was pub lished in The Federal Union.” "Last week,” remarked General Cook, "by chance I discovered that document, which Governor Brown could not find in 1861. It was in that old box over there in the corner. Some other old papers of great interest were tied up with it, which I don’t suppose had seen the light of day for many a year.” Sure enough, there was the bundle of o’.d papers, musty, moth-eaten and faded, tied together with a dingy, blue ribbon and sealed with wax which once was red; papers over which the historians of Geor gia would have gloated with goulish glee and which would have caused the antiqua rian and relic-hunter to dance with delight. There were several primitive constitutions War/ i \ ml T r F \ 1 1 / j wl* J JsJ . THE OLD SEAL OF STATE. of Georgia in manuscript, agreements with the Indians, addresses to them and from them, all "signed, sealed and delivered.” Other papers told of the ceding of certain tracts of land by the Indians to the set tlers, and one which had the old wax seal of South Carolina dangling from it, defined the boundary between that state and Georg ■«. Across the back of this was written the signature of General Pinckney. The Old Seal of Stale. Perhaps the most interesting thing about the old bundle was a wax seal of Georgia which hung from one of the old constitu tions of the state. It is radically different from the present seal of Justice, Wisdom and Moderation. Some of the figures are blurred and the tooth of time has gnawed off a letter or two in the mottoes but a good idea of it is given in one section of the constitution to which it is attached and which provdes: “The great sea of state shall be the following device: On one side a scroll whereon shall be engraved ‘The Constitution of the State of Georgia’ and the motto ’Pro bono publico;’ on the other side an elegant house and other buildings, fields of corn and meadows covered with sheep and cattle, a river running through the same, and on it a ship in full sail, and the motto, ‘Deus nobis heac otia fecit.’ ” There are other noteworthy provisions in this ancient constitution. Section 5 states: “The representatives shall be divided in the following manner: Ten members from each county as herein after directed except the county of Liberty, which contains three parishes, and that shall be allowed fourteen. The ceded lands r y>rtli of the Ogeechee shall be one county, a ; 4vu js the county of Wilkes. Tne parish ,‘r St. Paul shall be another county and known by the name of Richmond. The parish of St. George shall be another coun ty, known as the county of Burke.” and so it goes, the parishes of Christ Church, St. Matthew, St. John, St. Patrick and St. Mary’s becoming- respectively the counties of Effingham. Chatham. Liberty, Glynn and Camden. This constitution was adopted by the state in 1777. Gi-org in’s Dec larn t ion. Next to this paper was the document to which Governor Brown referred. The moths had played sad havoc with it, and upon opening it the car cases of several well-pre”•’■/zed rolled out on the table. The ink had faded into a dim yellow and the handwriting was scarcely legible. Here is the way it reads: “State of Geor gia in convention, Wednesday, the vea’ of our I.ord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight. "We, the delegates of the state of Geor gia in convention assembled to take into serious consideration the federal constitu tion agreed upon and proposed by the Unit ed States in general convention held in the city of Philadelphia, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and ratified and adopted in these presents, do, in virtue of the powers given us by the people of Georgia and our worthy constituents fully and entirely as sent to ratify and adopt the said constitu tion as herein annexed, and under the great seal of state. Done and executed in the city of Augusta, in the said year of our Lord, on the same day. In witness where unto we have subscribed our names. Sign ed.” Then follows a long list of names from the different representatives of each coun ty, all written in big scrawling- letters, and decorated witli a profusion of flourishes. After the names comes the declaration of independence. This old record, if nothing else had been found, woull make the d - covery valuable, but in addition to this the bundle contains some papers, all in manuscript, relative to the troubles our forefathers had with the rod man. In this day of the dollar and dude it is difficult to realize the fact that things have not always been as they are now; and except for the fact that now and then a stray arrow-head is picked up in some old field, or a stone hatchet unearthed, we would be loath to believe, all assurances of historians to the contrary, notwithstanding that our state was one vast stretch of primeval forest, where the festive savage made the woods ii" rry with his wnrvir .>> and tomahawk. There is potent evidence, however, in the office of the secretary of state just now. An Eloquent Spe<‘cli. It is a well-known historical fact that "Georgia for meritorious services rendered in the revolutionary war. gave as a testimo ny of her respect 20,000 acres of land to Count d’Estaing.” Thus far does history go and no farther. But the papers in that old package give word for word the speech of Governor Elbert asking the Indians for this big tract of land, and the speech of the Indian chief in reply. The language Sq. GIVE NO QUARTER > k to the enemy—Dirt. Give the to .P- \ your grocer for a flFcur-Pound Package of GOLD DUST Washing Powder, /f x J X S£e tiie Oust Washmy Powder is a wender of effectiveness and economy which no modern housekeeper can afford to do without. Costs much less and goes much farther than any other kind. Sold everywhere. Made only by N. K. FAIRBANK & CO., Chicago, St. Louis, New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Montreal. is quaint and fascinating. Governor Elbert spoke like this: “Friends and Brothers: You know that our country has been for some time past engaged in a very bloody war with the king of Great Britain, who wants to make us, our women and children slaves, and when they found they could not conquer us by themselves, they forwarded others to assist them and take up the hatchet against us; that many of our women and children have been killed; we have been drove from our houses, our houses burnt, many of from us, so that we are made very poor. But the great Master of earth was always our friend. By His assistance we have drove our enemies away from our country, and then they found they could not con quer us and asked for peace—and now, brothers, we are happy to inform you that we have made peace with them; that the French, Spanish and Hutch have made peace, and all have taken hold of the great chain of friendship, and settling this peace it is agreed that, the Spanish have the east artd west Florida. “Friends and brothers, we have always told you the truth, and what we tell you now is true. Consider what we say, for you ate a wise and knowing people. Whilst i the war continued heavy upon us we were j obliged to send our brethren to the north ward for our great men and many of our i warriors to assist us in fighting our battles. They came and they fought by our sides and we promised them that when the war was over they should have some land fur themselves to set down upon and plant. The land which we speak ot is that which our great warrior, General Pickings, spoke to you about. “Friends and brothers, consider what we ask. We will give you goods. The great ships are daily a-coming to us wilh goods over the great waters, where all is peace. "We rejoice in this day that will surely make glad the hearts of the gray-headed men and women of your nation and our nation. Now we may eat out of tin- same dish, drink out of the same cup and have an open path through the forest for you and us, burying the hatchet so deep that the evil spirit may never dig it up again, and with it bury all the blood Inal has been spilt between us.” Then Tarpin, son of the great warrior, holding a string of wampum in his lian*l, said: "We have held our ears anil listened to the talk, O great chief, and I come this day to meet you and your beloved that peace may be restored, and our hearts made glad. .1 am happy to see the warriors of my nation and your nation setting down together smoking the pipe of peace, hold ing each other fast by tne hand, and high by the arm, which is the wish of my heart, and may it last as long as the sun shines and the waters run. We have been long astray and the path between us stopped and we extend this belt that it may again be cleared and we may travel again through the forest to see our brethren as our fath ers did, while we hold it by one end and you bj’ the other.” The VJiir-Wiiiniiii of Chain. "After Tarpin. son of the great warrior,” the old chronicle goes on to stale, “had spoke, the war woman of Chata said: ‘I am fond of hearing that there is peace. I hope you have taken us by the hand in real friendship. I have a pipe and a little to bacco to give to the white man to smoke in friendship. 1 am old, but 1 hope to bear children who will grow up an<J light for your nation and my nation. And may my people and your people hold each othr-r fast by the hand and high by the arm as long as the rivers run and the sun shines.” But alas, for the old war woman of Chata! If she could gaze from the happy hunting- grounds what a change she would find had come o’er the spirit of iter dream. There are other papers and documents of more than casual interest over which one could ponder and meditate for hours, but suffice it to give one more document which is of interest because of its sanguinary tone. It reads as follows: “Georgia.—Articles of a Treaty of Peace, Amnesty and Commerce, concluded near the mouth "?f the Shoulder Bone creek, a 1.r.-.ncb of the Oconee river, the 3d day of Novem ber, in the year of our Lord one thousand, seven hundred and eighty-six, and the in dependence of the United States of Amer - ea. the eleventh, between the subscribing commissioners in behalf of the sta e of Georgia, of the one part, and the underwrit ten kings, headmen and warriors, in be half of the Creek nation on the other, on the following conditions, namely: "Whereas, Since the signing- of the last treaty held at Galphiton and dated the twelfth day of November, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five, between state and the kings, headmen and warriors of the Creek nation, acts of hostility have been committed by parties of Indians on the inhabitants of the said state in violation of the yxid treaty, whereby the friendship and hat.nony so essentially necessary to both parties have been greatly disturbed, and. "Whereas, The said parties are now mutu ally desirous of renewing a treaty which may comprehend such articles as may give, satisfaction to the parties injured and re store peace and friendship and commerce to both, it is therefore commanded and agro "I "First. The Indians for themselves, arid the rest of the king's and headmen and war riors of the Creek nation do hereby promise /■ A ■ ' -4 I 777 THE OLD SEAL REVERSED. and agree that six of their people who were of the parties that murdered the same num ber (say six) of the white inhabitants last spring, shall be put to death in a manner satisfactory to the person or persons whom his honor, the governor, or ..ie commission ers may send to see it done, and that the white people who were the means of the said murders being committed shall be re mov’d from (he nation without del.-i.y. “Second. Al! negroes, horses, cattle and other property now in the nation and whi -h were taken from the inhabitants of Georgia shall be restored to siu-ii person or persons as his honor, th-' governor, shall di -ect. .Ml white other free people ;n file m-Hon w io are held as prisoners or si ires shall also bo delivered up to the aforesa.id per.mis.” Then follows several specifications for the punishment, of lawbreakers. •‘ln witness where -f the parties have here unto affixed their hand and seals the day and vea: 1 before written. Sign.-I: John Twiggs and Elisha Clarke, commissioners for the state; O-po-the-le-tha, king; Ke mul-gee, headman; M.ul-ne-ha-no, Fat King, Mad I-'ish, Ogoloogee and 1-ham-a-tu-ha-ha, warriors for the Creeks.” Opp >sito each of the Indian’s name.- is a long black line which is meant for the red man’s mark. These papers, which General Cook has found, will prove a source of valu able information for future histo rians. fie lo >ks upL' i them sacredly and regards them with all the reverence due their age and importance. ALFRED C. NEWELL. Bsyphilissß MAGIC CYPHILENE. Wogivoa legal Bond’orCtiaranty edW® M m euro or i efund money, i reatmt-nt wf 7g tl fit homo as well as here—same price, » II ■ same guaranty. With t hose'wh<• pi"©- to come here* wo will contract to refund their railroad fare and hotel 62100 hilib, if wo fail to cure. vored uSi pjMaglc Cyphiiene KpfeSsix years of rigid experimental tests K J M with the most obstinate and hopeless rStTJ cates that could be found, we place I MfcvJJ S 3 It before the public in 1885. It is the FSIJK only known remedy that will cure Syphilis. Wccha jngo the world for si u case cannot cure, and solicit g Kstubborn, abandoned and hO De !O 9S eases. $500«000 capita! back of our ESW* an ty. Absolute proofs, am* IGO hook, illustrated from of patients cured, free by hqh mail.securely sealed from observation. EL wFTTvi This disease has alv uy s baffled the skill of the most eniinenf physiciit n.- hmm H We guarantee a cure. COOK REMEDY CO., 307 Masonic Temple, Chicago, Ills. eIIMs CSHSWiiPTSCH SURELY CURED. To the Editor—Please inform your read ers that I have a positive remedy for the above named disease. By its timely use thousands of hopeless cases have been per manently cured. I shall be glad to send two bottles of my remedy free to any of your ’eaders who have consumption if they will send me their express and post office address. T. A. Slocum, M.C., 183 Pearl St., New York. Mention The Constitution. SICK HIEADACHEI They also relieve Dis if $ iTTMh tressfrom Dyspepsia, In- ■ digestion,andToo Hearty b.. 4£| v Is, 0 Eating. A perfect remedy 1-3 for Dizziness, Nausea, Drowsiness, Bad Taste in the Mouth, Coated Ton- ■ -i.ial g U e 5 Pain in the Side. They regulate the Bowels and prevent Constipa tion. Are free from all crude and irritating matter. Very small; easy to take; no pain; no j griping. Purely Vegetable. Sugar Coated. Small P:rx. Small Dost, small FRtce. I jßewaro of Imitations anti Aslc for CARTER’S and see you get j VfiolwlEN Easily, Utiickiy, Permanently Restored. Weakness, Nervonsnew, and all the train of evils from early errors or «• later cxcesse.-. 11. - results of nk V overwork, siekm ss, worry, S, Ct'-' Bull. Heuuih.devei opment and tone given to fp >r '^’JvA a cv»‘i’v organ and portion Z&A'l ~f tbe ßody. Simple,nr.t- Ural methods. Immedi f 1' j'llp.te improvement seen. Failure impossible. 2,01)0 i-eferenc< s. Book, explanation au.i proofs mailed (sealed) free. 'ERIE MEDICAL CO.,Buffalo,N.Y. Mention The Constitution. he OWEN ELECTRIC R R LT ■ b t_ u. i - r ■; > .. I [Traub .Mark.] Di:. A. OWEN. THE nM.V sell XTIFIC AND PKACTICAI EI.I-.'CTI-IC HELT l-’Oi: GEXEIIAL i SE I’llODI < T.Y<; A GENCINE < i I’J El f ('TRIOITY FOR '1 HE CURE 01 DIS EASES. OUR ILLUSTRATED CATA 7.0GU3 Bn- " 1 contains fullest iul'or.iiarion. lis; of .is<- a , • .-01-ll U 3 tinionia s ami p : i-ai.s of peop. ■ wiw b ; ‘ . G man "Swed - - Tiiis val. liable .-al ;>l.>gm> or a treatisi' on rup iii'i- curt-c with Ed'etrii- Truss will bo sent :o any aduresi on rcc'-ipt of G fonts postage. THE OWEN Etectrio Belt snd Apolianca Co. ( Main Oilie" and On’y i-'io'or -. THEOWEN i EECTfiIC BELT BIULDING, 2tH 211 -slate SI., I bine- ID- The Largest Electric Boh Estabiishiueut 11 the world. When wri.ing a:--.uion mis paper. Years of marvel. L;' .J" ou s success in the W treatment of and WOMEN. SO E M $ iyl St'l I H ;-4 M «R K (334 Ihf Lh J E LuL w M W W ATLANTA, CA., SF’EZOIAL-JST iN Chronic, Nervous, Blood and Skin Diseases. VAPJCQCELEa nd Hydrocele permanent, ly . m--d in every ease. ?<l -Z i-? VO -IS <i Vilify, seminal losses, de- Bpomh - -v, eio-ets of bml liabils. STERILITY, IMPOTENCE.-Th’ 0 ? desiring to marry, but are physically mcapaei. tated, quiclclff v-stored. Blood and Skin diseases, Syphilis and itselleeiN Ulcers and Sores. Vrinar’i, Kiduey and Bladder trouble. Enlarged Prostate. Urethral Stricture permanently- cured Without cutting or caustics, at home, with ue interruption of business. Send 6c. in stamps tor book and question list ■-r of Jui-in.-.-s r.-f.-renees i-.-.rnislied. .A>!-lr-.-«s •'.W.W Pu’.'cs, 2i Marietta St.Ailanta.Ga. Mention The Constitution. SEXUAL POWER Positively and per n mently r :st. »r.-ii m- t> 11 Hy Sealed book free, gi ring lull particulars. Vdur.u Sax Mateo <’■>., I’. O. Box 481, St. Louis, .«W _Mentiou The < ...astitutioin . & E M PL I"® gr-.-s quick relief, cures w>a E Q test few N.rcliirus. '■<> purge, no salve, no supi Ueuej . l or sale by druggists. Mailed l i-Le -iwklre-s, <■►. U. REEVES, Box New Lurk City, H. X. Mention The Constitution. /C : iWI ftroti bledwitiiGonorr!-. -nit vis A; . < fleet.Whites.SpernintorrhoeaMM h .a or any unnatural disehargeask®® fipA'-.Kv'AiJyoiir druggist for a bottla of 'V Big G. it cures ir. a few Java kISmqwJII without the aid or publicity of a, doctor. Non-poisonons and W, '•'.iarn’’tecd not to stricture. The Universal American Cure. Manufactured by 'W ’ : 'wk she Evans Chemical : CINCINNATI, O. U U.S.A. S ’ Sn-b W Ext.AIUiEU. nositiue cure for abuse. Emissions. Varicocele, Debilty, etc., free. Acton Med. Co. Washington, I). G. Mention the Constitution.

Georgia Historic Newspapers

The Atlanta constitution. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1885-19??, January 16, 1894, Page 2, Image 2