Newspaper Page Text
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FARMS AND FARMERS.
iIIOUT TALKi VITH THE HEX WHO
Ol IDE THE PLOT.
Bl any OneattowMl Alwut the Harm Answered
by the Auriculttiral Editor of The
Weekly <*>u»litiilioii.
Please lock ahead and send In Inquiries
early—ordinarily an answer may not be ex
pected under three weeks. Never request
an answer bv mail; the editor has no tirn-i
to ”i are for writing private letters.
Never ask where an article can be had or
the price Editors have no better sources
of informatior about these than other pe*>-
ple. The editor lies nothing for sa.e and is
not interested in anything advertised in
Lae paper.
<>u, rt i«n-of any character concerning the
farm will In* cheerfully answered by the
editor of this department. Inquire™ will
pieawe make their question* clear and tn
point. The editor of this department Mill
give all questions close reseireh ami Min
give the leaders of The ton-til Hi ion ths
benefit of any information that nan be *»
(anted «»n all qneation* propounded.
Address communications “ r * l’, 1 ?
j.ent to TH E CON.-TITO 1 l<»N.
Farm and Farmers’ Pent.!
C S
KiKht nnd n Half Million naira.
The crop estimates point to eight and a
h tlf million baled as the probable yield of
the growing crop of cotton in this country.
We are careful to day "this country,” else
dome would understand the estimate to
cover the entire world. The Texas district,
which Includes a portion of Arkansas, will
produce—it is claimed—2,soo,<MM) bales, or
more than one-fourth of the whole, or
more than cie-half the entire yield of
the south in ISW. which was the largest
crop ever grown up to that time. In v.iw
of such an enormous yield it is not sur
prising that the market Is depressed, and
that the outlcok for the future of the grow
ing crop is very gloomy. In the midst of
all this the fact also appears that the
prospect of the Georgia crop is mucn
lower than an av<rage—lower than it has
bo n in several years.
Tennessee stems to be In the same tlx.
Jiow then, we want to know what the
farmers are going to do about It. Will a
grep of 8,500,000 bales bring 6 cents per
pound? We doubt it. If we had the money
to put up the necessary bonds we would
not like to buy the entire crop in futures at
6 cents a pound, unless we could hold it
until the present supply or. hand was
nearly exhausted. For several years past
we have not hoped to see a cotton crop
Fell—from the hands of farmers —at much,
if any, more than 6 cents a pound. That Is
about the -verage cost of making cotton.
In all places, and In all lines of business,
where a large proportion of the labor re
quired is what is called “unskilled labor,"
the measure of wages is the smallest
amount that will provide the commonest
necessities of living. The common, or un
«■ killed. laborer gets only enough to keep
him and his family alive and strong
tn* ugh to work. The larger part of the
cotton crop—probably 90 per cent of the
whole —*s the product of unskilled labor
and unscientific methods. The price paid
for cotton is coming to be determined —as
in other lines of industry—*»y <he cost of
maintaining the unskilled laborer, who
produces the most of it. We do not mean
to say that the cotton manufacturer, and
others who are supposed to control the
m-irkei, have taken account in detail of
t; • actual c mount necessary to sustain
1 no more than they have taken ac
count of the cost of the lowest style of
living that will keep their factory opera
tit- in wcrklng health and reproductive
energy—but by some occult law the result
is the same. The industrial system of the
Country, the protective tariff, the contracted
eurten* y. the outrageous financial system,
•:c.. have all conspired to one result—to
reduce w;.ges to a point that will barely en
able the laborer to keep up his physical
sttength and to rais children enough to
k • p up the -■■■ pi*ly of labor.
We do hot intend to go off into an nrgu
n ■ nt <-n politico-economics, but simply to
not the admitted fact that the common.un
skilled laborer, on the average, and every
where. r ceives only barely sufficient to
maintain his existence, his ability to la
bor and provide for children to grow up
and take his place in the ranks when worn
out with age. Now, for the application:
The man who • mploys unskilled labor in
onerating a farm and who brings to the aid
of the unskilled labor nothing but unskill
ed oversight, unskilled methods, imi»*rf< <‘t
or ineffective tools and implements, insuffi
cient or unsuitable f rtjlixers or none at
all. etc., has no right to expect anything
more than barely sufficient to support him
and his family in a style but little removed
above that of the common laborer.
There is no hope forth. ignorant, the wil
fully ignorant, nnd the unskilled farmer,
so long as he persists in his unskilled ways,
lie will have to live on—after a fashion—
until he dies and gives place to another
generation. He will continue to plant ami
cultivate a» did his father before him (ex
cept that his father cultivated fresher and
better land), producing 8 to 19 bushels of
corn, or 12 or 15 bushels of oats, or one
third of a bale of cotton per acre ami other
ct ■ in i• wportic.nal yblds. His cotton wll»
cost him anywhere from 6 to 9 cents a
pound; his corn -10 to 00 c nts, and his oats
2.’. to 4> cents pT bushel, and so on.
But the wide-awake, progressive farmer
will cultivate only such portions of his
land as will, with proper fertilization and
under a judicious rotation, yield one bale
and upwards p r acre, or not less than
twenty-five bushels of corn, or fifty bush
els of oats per acre. This will necessitate
a very great reduction of area, but on the
other hand there will be a core spending re
duction in the co«t per pound, and the cost
r bushel, of everything that he produces
on those fewer acres. This has b**- n done
by some farmers—it can l*e done by many
more—it must l»* done by all who wouid
succeed in making a comfortable living and
t„ laying by something for a rainy day.
K. J. REDDING.
FARM ANU QUESTION BOX.
Tarion* Subject* on Whleh the Farmers
A»k Information.
To N. M. 8.. Buck Forest, N. C.—Your
letter is much too l**ng for publication. \\ e
see no fault in the preparation, manuring
and culture of the corn that should result
in su< h disaster as has overtaken the crop.
There is nothing that you can do now
that will remedy the evil. You should
• a<l specimens of the worms that have
so devastated your crop to Professor Ger
ald M Varthy. < (Homolog ist of Norik Caro
lina ex,*eriment station, Raleigh, for iden
tification and remedy, "i* would advise
des nlng up the land thoroughly, early in
the winter, and burning all the weeds,
trash and corn stubbie, a.id don’t plant
the land in corn next >’• ar. The lime cer
tainly did not cause the trouble. We are not
familiar with the brands of fertiliser about
Which you ask an opinion.
J. P. M.. Sharon, Ga.—l am going gradu
ally to convert my cotton farm into a hog
moi >t-» k-tbo-dm -s. Y**u wili <:»» me
a rrvat kindn-.ss by answering the follow
ing: (1.) Which Is the Ix-d breed of h >gs
for the south? 1 want some thoroughbred
• . '/J. A
“Best Liver Pill Made.-
fM*-tivHv cun. nit.pw***Pt and SICK IIFAP.V HK,
«i; lUliivnnii • ••-«. FrtceWct*fivefl nt
Fi.„ ;ni* .«• it ■:> ttw. 1. ■■». ->j. L'-••<■>:* A co.. ton.
O tw
Czn* Srxp Cits, 3::s 7.-r:.-.t, *rr=?t.
stnra *i.n,i.in> . •in or JiniX Hire mneie. Core*
C.»zh«. uthw* • ■•* *rrli. *’••! •• i'io!-ra Vmbu*. Flwu
ma’..- **>.*n«. X.-ura'gia. I lUrfc.Suar J.
Mki-tn>t’ t IU»Jl fn-c |*r -e. cents; r.i ft mi. s. Id
« ah I 8. JOHNSOX A W.. IWvu, W
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION; ATLANTA, GA., MONDAY. AUGUST <>. 1894.
stock to keep on hind for sale to those
who wish to get them. Hut ge.' f.tl
plantation purposes how would a cross of
i’olaml China I oar on common lock do?
And would not a cross of Poland China on
thoroughbred Beikshires be bet‘-r* i’besc
are my favorite bree*ls. (2.) 1 have a tine
puce of lan ! well adapted to clover (red).
It is now in cotton, hut very lite. How
would it do tn sow clover in r- itton. say
about August 15th, nnd plow it ve.y iighllv
with scrape run fiat?
<l.) This question is rather too general.
You should state the purpose you have in
view, whether to breed hogs for sale as
breeders, or for making pork. If the former
it would be best to make a specialty of
one or two of the most popular breeds, for
which there will be the greatest demand.
This, we believe to be the improved Berk
shire. If for producing bacon for home use,
we would prefer the Essex. We do not
advise crossing of two dist.net breeds un
less with a definite idea of improving and
fixing a new type or breed. The result of
such crossing is usually a sort of ranM
script, without any distinctness and per
manence of character. The ordinary iion
scientitlc h*»g raiser w'ould better coniine
llinvl'lf to established breeds and not at tern
to originate a new one. Os course, there is
no objection ’to crossing a thoroughbred
boar on the better type of mongrels, or
common stock, always keeping a thorough
bred boar; and the best sows from these
crosses may i>e retained as breeders, oc
casionally getting a fresh accession of
thorough blood of a different t.imdy, in
order to avoid too close in-and-in breeding.
There is no vital objection to (he
plan you suggest. We would prefer to
wau until September, or early in October,
to sow the clover seed. Y’ou can scrape >n
the seed just as well in August, having the
plows to follow immediately behind a gang
of cotton pickers.
T. F„ Cenohy, Ga.—l. 1 have a young mule
that does not sweat. She has shed olf, n
lakes 911 flesh fast and seems to be in per
fect h' ll.li, but she },*•»,< wiu'in and pants
al work. Give cure and remedy.
2. 1 have heard that |«oor soil can be
made i ich by planting jh as ami other crops
tiiat <iiaw nitrogen from the air without
the use of fertilizers. Do you think it can
be done? If so, where would it get its
potash and phosphate from?
X 1 have always put my cotton seed un
der my corn and guano under cotton. 1
think I will reverse it next year and use
seed and acid under cotton. Do you think
the seed would do better for cotton than
for corn?
4. I thought of putting seed in deep furrow
green and cover with a fork and let them
stay there till they came up, then put my
acid on them and bed on them, and that
will kill them. My object in killing them in
the ground is to keep the ammonia, from
escaping, which seems to be the case when
you compost them. Which would you ad
vise ine to do—as I spoke of, or compost
them?
5. Would I rob my land to swap one ton
of cotton seed for 700 pounds of meal?
0. Is the oil in seed any good as S ferti-
I
7. Got ton seems to Im- a nitrogenous plant.
Does it take it from the air or soil?
L Your mule is probably affected with
what is called “roaring,” for which we
know of no remedy excepting, possibly, a
surgical operation.
2. We have no doubt of the fact that a
piece of worn land can be brought to a
high state of fertility by planting it in
peas, provided you restore to the soil the
|H*avines or the manure that would result
from feeding the pea vines to stock. Every
soil that is worthy of cultivation at all
contains a large store of both potash and
phosphoric acid, besides other elements of
plant food. But by far the greater pait
of these elements is in an insohule unit
unavailable condition. By thorough pre
paration, planting it in peas, turning under
the peavines, or the manure from stock fed
on them, more and more of the plant food
(the potash, etc.,) becomes available. There
is potash enough in an acre of ordinary
soil to produce several hundred bales of
cotton and thousands of bushels of corn
or oats or other grain. It must, however,
lie made available by the arts of culture
deep a id thorough plowing and pulveriza
tion, leguminous crops, etc.
3. We would much prefer using the seed
on com un<l th<* nuano on coitcp.
4. We would prefer to compost the seed
with lot manure, acid phosphate and plenty
of water.
5. No; you would not exactly rob your
land, but you could not afford to make the
exchange on the basis of 7<M pounds of meal
for one ton of cotton seed, unless the meal
were delivered to you and the seed taken
away without labor or expens.’ of hauling
on your part. One ton of cotton seed is
about equal to 7UO pounds of meal in fer
tilizing value.
6 Oil Is of no value as a fertilizer.
7. Cotton gets its nitrogen front the soil.
J. M C., Bloomer, Ark. —I have a young
stud, four years old. Some three weeks ago
I noticed him biting his la-llv and navel.
On examination i found little lumps
like tick bites, ami it has spread all along
his le-lly and on one leg. It apinars to iu-.i
ami annoy him a great d«sil. I have tiled
various Ifnhm nts soft soap and salt «■'!<'
applied and let stay six or epait hours,
then washed clean and bathed with bln*-
stone and with burnt copperas and grease,
ami nothing seems to do any good. Name
the disease and give mo a remedy to cute
it if you can. 1 never saw anything like it.
The scap or lumps resemble mange oi sur
feit scabs.
There are so many eruptions of the skin
that it is not easy to diagnose from such a
ineager description. A safe treatment is to
give a laxative, say 1 pound of glauber's
salts in three or four quarts of waler.
Then give 2 drachms of aeibate or bicar
bonate of potash twice a day in drinking
water. Wash the skin with a solution of I
•Irani of bicarbonate of soda and 1 drachm
of carbolic acid in one quart of water,
tirst cleaning the surface with tepid watei.
If scabby, soak the scabs in fresh sweet
oil for several hours and then wash with
tepid water and castile soap. Also apply
an ointment of sulphur, or iodide of sulphur,
every day. If this does not seem to have
the desired effect change to mercurial oint
ment, or to a solution of sulph.de of pot ts
sium or to hyposulphite of soda—three
drachms to a quart of water.
J. 8., l>e Sota. Miss.—l. 1 have a tine horse
six years old. had distemper last February,
rode him very fast live miles, he seemed
to in- better l»< fore he was ridden, he swelled
all over immediately alter, was swelled
about one week. The swell ng all went out
except in left hind leg. it swelled till it
burst above and below fetlock. lie bites
the flesh from his leg every time it bogus
to heal. He looks well, eats hearty and
seems to be perfectly well • very way < x
cept leg. 1 left him in a stall with head
tied up three months, but every time he
gets his head loose he is gnawing al his
leg. Phase give me remedy, if there is any.
2. Please give a recipe for whitewash that
will not rub off.
1. The description of the symptoms sug
gests that the animal is suffering from
some obscure injury to some nerve in the
affected leg, or pastern, which causes In
tense itching. We are at a loss what treat
ment to recommend beyond fomentations of
hot water. Also give: One drachm uix
vomica. 2 drachms powdered gentian root,
ounce linseed meal. Mix and give as one
<iose morning and night for a month, of
course, jvu will keep his head tied up, so
that he cannot bite the parts.
2. See article “Cheap Paint of Milk and
Lime” in our issue of July Jfth.
B. J. D., l.isbon, Ga.—Please answer in
your column al what temperature milk
should Im* kept until ready to skin. 1 see
ft stated that it should be kept at SO de
grees to fr> degrees. 1 understand this to
Be tak'-n l y 1 '.• Lrcnheit s 1 lormonuier.
Now, in this section. 1 think tiie temper
ature of well and spring water ranges be
tween tK) and 6G degrees, and. if the state
ment referred to be correct, and the tem
p< rature be taken by Fahrenheit thermo
meter artificial cooling would be necessary
in order to make butter of the best grade.
If practicable, milk set for creain to rise
by the old process, should ho kept at a
temperature of 44 degrees, Fahrenheit, it
is veil settled that artificial refrigeration 1.-.
necessary to get the best results, both in
qvality and quantity of butter, in our cli
mate in summer time, when the old pro
cess Is employed. But when you will use
a patent separator, which separates the
cream from the milk as soon as it is car
ried to the dairy, such a lowr temperature
is not required for ripening s<> to .j. degrees
being quite low enough, and Gt) degrees
answering very well. Write to the director
(BRI I [TTT MAGNOLIA
ituLLH 8 GXHS
jfc” Fsgclefs
1 t Con&rs
'■-a-”-'-'!
GULLETT
■ A MAGNOLIA
. f *■‘EtO?3!ors
AND
SSLF-PACKING PRESSES,
GULLETT ECLIPSE HULLER GIN,
GULLETT LONG STAPLE GIN,
Justly Celebrated throughout the Cotton-Belt.
Built of tin* lu st materials by the best of work
men. on the latest and best plans, making tbo
best ami simplest (finning outfits on earth, lor
Catalogues write to the
UULLETT GIN COMPANY, AMITE CITY, LA.
Tin. i.i.l’.'t'T <;ix CO., Unite City, La.
MAi'lstlY A AVERY, Alliuitn,
General Ag”itts ami Dealers in Frick En-
gines and Boilers.
of experiment station for a copy each of
bulletins IS and 11.
Subscriber, Gay. Ala.—(l) What will pre
vent wOl ms ft* *n boring into and destroy
ing c.intelot’p* s? Mine are being ruined by
:i small whit** worm resembling the cab
bage Wurm. They bore entirely through
1.. rind, causing the melons to rot. (2)
Are wood ashes of any value as a fertiliz
er for turnips?
<1 > No satisfactory or effective remedy has
yet been discovered for melon worms-
These worms eat th** leaves of the melon
vines also. It has been recommended to
sprinkle powdered hellebore on one vines
Early planting and high manuring, so as
to firing on the crop early is the only ef
fective method known to us. (2). Yes, ashes
are a very effective fertilizer for turnips.
11. A. G., Huntersville, N. C.—l. To what
crop is hen manure best suited? What is
the b: t method of preparing it for the crop,
an*l what is its value as a manure?
2. What is the surest method to plant
Irish potatoes to g t a stand for a second
crop?
1. I’erhaps the best crop on which to use
h**n manure Is the onion crop. Hen manure
is rather difficult to handle on account of its
gumminess when moist and fresh, and its
hardness when allowed to dry. 1* rhaps the
best way would be to cover the floor of the
fowl house with a thin layer of rich soil ami
rake it up about once a week ami put into
barrels or boxes, or in a compact heap, wet
ting it w 11 with water. The fresh manure
is about live times as valuable as an equal
weight of fn sh mixed excrements of the
horse.
2. See editorial in issue of July 9th, and
articl" in issue of July 23d, .ntltled ‘'Second
Crop Irish Potatoes.”
J J. 8., Acworth, Ga.—l have a milk cow
that eats «>l*i dead sticks ami pieces of
i •uther, ami gnaws fence rails like a horse.
I have noticed her at it about a month.
What is the cans, of her doing it? She
runs in a pasture of our common wild, or
sage grass. She seems to be in good health
ami eats all the food I give her. She is
giving about three gallons of milk per day.
Hl* ase answer my querry and give me rem
edy, if any.
Your cow has a form of dyspepsia, called
“d -praved appetite” or pica. Bad food is
g< m rally the cause of it. esiteeially food that
is deficient in lime. Giv. • her three times a
day a heaping tablespoonful of the following
mixture: 1 ounces of carbonate of iron, 4
ounces of powdered gentian, 1 ounces com
mon salt, ■! ounces powder* *! foenugreek. In
audition give 3 tnblespoonfuls of powdered
charcoal three times a day with her food
and have a piece of rock salt where she can
lick it at will. Your pastun? is probably at
fault. Give more ami better food.
W T. D„ Lakeland, Fla.—l have a mul*
that pants so much in hot weather that I
cannot work her but very little, bh*'
r.,t Vweat f-.* IHer belly is abnormally
Lirve. Sli*' has been that way for thn e
v, 1S 1 have another mule that is getting
tn 'the same condition. Please give a rem-
First, give a purge of five drachms of
Barbadocs aloes, 1 draehtn of ginger, 1
drn* hm of gentian, and soap or syrup to
form a bail. After purging is over, make
th,. f..llewing mixture: l> a .ounces copperas,
1 ounce ol pure saltpeter. 2 ♦rachma ol
fo* liUgn ek s e I. 2 ounces linseed meal; jow
der 1111*1 mix ami give a tablespoontul night
ami morning in the fe* d. Change the teed.
Be careful to give sound, sweet hay or fod
der amt oats and gre n food.
Geehoseefax, Ivey, Ga. I have a large
m.-usLui*'. Will J.-u kindly h*t me know
le w tl.* v ar.- applied to a bite, also tn.t
is the largest price offered for one.
We don’t know anything about mad
stones. There are occasional newspaper ac
counts of the use of madstones *n eases
of bites of dogs supi>osed to have rabies.
We have supposed that these accounts are
published for Die benefit of the credulous,
if we should be bitt.ll by a mad dog, we
would want the place cut out and the
wound cauterized.
To W. J. L., Childersburg, Ala.—We ar**
net p isted in numismatics, ami, although
we have a treatise on the coins of all coun
tries, we cannot find out anything about it.
Your lettering on one side is not legible.
On the other, it indicates that the piece
is a Spanish coin struck during the lalfer
part of the reign of Charles 11l (Carlos 111).
We suggest that you send it in u registered
letter to Hou. Julius Brown, Atlanta., Ga.,
as he is versed in such things, and is a
.collector of curios and antiquities.
J. B. Grumsly, Haleburgh, Ahi.—Can any
of the read* rs of The Constitution give me
any information as to the whereabouts of
Walter Grumsly; last heard from ut Sher
wood, Tex.
To V. B. T., Ecree, Miss.—We are unable
from the description you give to diagnose.
You must have overlooked the character
istic symptom. Consult Dr. Tait Butler,
veterinary surgeon of your experiment sta
tion, Agricultural College, Miss.
Subscriber, Vincent, Ala.—ls there any
reason why huled cotton seed cannot
be fi *i to hogs; 1 mean profitably and safe
ly. Answer ami oblige.
There is no reason except that they do
not do well on it. The weight of experience
is against feeding cotton seed to hogs.
S. W.. Cabot, Fla.—Has the editor or any
of the readers of The Constitution tri* <1 the
Folding Sawing Machine Co., of Crieago,
ami how did you like it? Answer through
The Constitution.
To Catili Hawks.
Geehoseefax, Ivey, Ga. 1 see in this
week’s Constitution an inquiry from W. H.
5., <*f Dixie, La., relative to the best method
of getting rid of chick*-n hawks. 1 have
known the fidlowing method to prove effec
tual in many instances. First build a trap
of stout piei’es **f boat*!, say three feet long
by tw** f*'* t broad at the bottom, gradually
drawing in the sides til it is of sufficient
height to admit of the hawk standing under
it; iluii cover with a plank just the size ot
the top of the trap, ami then build a small
trap on top of that, being careful that the
strips tire thi k enough that Mr. Hawk
can’t thurst his foot through the craiks,
binding down the whole trap with a stout
slick passing over the top. fastened to th**
bottom of th** trap with stout cords. In the
top or small trap place two or three small
chi ks, and on the triger a dead one or
even •* (lead bird, ami set the trap in the
orchard. The little chickens will begin to
“ehe* p” ns soon as they ar** left alone,
which will cause the hawk to hunt for
them, but they will hush when they see
th** hawk, and, of course, he will think
that the dead one was the one making the
noise and go under the trap to catch It,
and then will the catcher be caught.
A 'Colt Show to He ll* Ul.
Sandersville, Ga.. July 21.*—(Special.) The
annuel colt show of Washington county wili
b*> held Tuesday. August 7th. Home valua
ble premiums have been offered and many
fine colts will be on exhibition. Mr. George
Gilmore, proprietor of Gilmore’s stock
farm, at Worthen. Is taking considerable
interest in the approaching exhibition,
which promises to be the best yet held in
Washington county. He raises standard
bre*l horses, for which there is an active,
market at all times, and says that a fin**
colt can be raised with as little expense as
the common k' .a.
Dr. H. N. H fififield. school commissioner
of Washington county, is being prominent
ly mentioned as a candidate for state school
commissioner. He is a man of tine educa
tion and has served this county as com
missioner for several years. He is a prac
ticing physician, a large farmer and hor
ticulturist.
OF JNIE TO FAItMERS
Jersey <’ows.
The following prize essay by G. 11. Turn
er was written for The American Cattle
Club:.
In the Island of Jersey for upward of
one hundred years, legislation has forbid
den, under heavy penalties, the Introduc
tion Into the island of any and every mem
ber of the bovine race. The Increase, there
fore, is confined wholly to the births from
the thoroughbred cattle on the island. A
single exception is made in favor of steers
for beef purposes. Whatever, therefore,
of merit there is In k**epng a breed strictly
pure the Jersey possesses in a superemi
nent degree. Bred upon a little island
where no other breed of horned cattle was
allow* *! by a rural population who were in
terested in th** milk only as to its butter
content, butter (outside of vegetables for
market) being the money crop, with but
little if any demand for milk, it was nat
ural that she should be bred with the view
of producing butter. The result of breed
ing for generations for a specific object
has been to make the Jersey a “butter”
cow. The Jersey is the most thorough
bred of domestic animals, the long line of
special breeding fixing the characteristics
so strongly that every animal of th** breed
possesses the heredity or prepotency to
transmit its own qualities to its offspring;
and herein lies one of the vast superiorities
of the Jersey. In her native habitat, her
surroundings, conditions of life, habits,
etc., have always tended to make tlie Jer
sey a butter cow: but it was reserved t'o
the American breeder, by upward of forty
years of devoted skill and untiring applica
tion, to develop her to her greatest ca
pacity. As a resirtt of his systematic en
deavors, the American bred Jersey of to
day is more than 50 per cent superior in
butter capacity to that of twenty years
ago. \\ <* often hear of the phenomenal
record breakers, which show what a highly
bred, specialized cow may do under scien
tific high-pressure systems of feeding, also
the wonderful progress our breeders have
made in the art of breeding for a purpose;
but th** greatest glory of a Jersey lies not
in these abnormal yields, wonderful though
they be, but in not less wonderful averages
obtained in every state in our glorious
union.
A very important question to all stockmen
is, what bre *1 of cattle will make the most
milk, or butter, or cheese, or beef? or, to
put it in other words, what breed of cattle
will make the most of the product desired
at least cost? Our test, and the test of all
dairymen, *>f the value of a cow is the num
ber of pounds of butter she makes on ordi
nary feed. Tiie dairy question is how to
make the most butter at the least cost,
and our experience proves to us that the
Jersey is the answer to the problem; she
is pre-eminently th> mortgage-lifter. A
cow that can be kept on the mowing of a
half-acre lot or lawn, served with a quart
or two of nieal daily, that can be made a
pet of and will give a pound and upward
of butter of excellent quality every twenty
four hours, with cream for the table, milk
for ail purposes and to spare, is the best
and cheapest cow f r the family anil butter
diary as well. Their value can hardly be
estimated in dollars and cents.
The Jerseys ar** the grandest, most beau
tiful, most useful, most fashionable, as well
as most profitable stock for the family and
the dairy throughout the whole world. They
show their superiority n >1 only as the great
est milk-producers or the greatest butter
makers, but also as universal dairy cows,
adapting themselves to any and all climates.
We find the Jersey at her best while brav
ing th** rigors of a Canadian winter, beat
ing the whole world’s record as a butter
machine in the hot, dry climate of the
sunny south, retaining her health nnd vigor
equally on the granite hills of New Eng
land, the plains of Texas, the f *<>thiUs of
the Rocky mountains and in the soft, bal
my climate of California. Another peculiar
characteristic of the Jersey is her habit of
persistent milking. She is an everlasting
"stayer,” hence she is adapted to con
tinuous usefulness in the dairy. She is
likewise early to breed and very prolific.
Precisely the same treatment is required
by the Jersey as is requireil by a good cow
of any other breed—no more, no less. But
a great many cows of other breeds are,
when compare*! with the little sun-pound
Jersey, very large, being ut) to I'm per
cent larger, it is a well-established fact
that, on the average, * attic eat in pntjior
tion to their live weight; such being the
(■use, it is easy to see that a cow weighing
1,200 to 1.500 pounds will eat proportionately
nt *re than * tie weighing but 800; it :s like
wise an incontrovertible fact that the
foo l necessary to eti. !>!*• Hie little Jersey
to fill the pail would be barely sufficient
to sustain life in the larger animal.
As supplemental to th** above, the follow
ing, *>n the characteristic markings of the
Jersey c*»w. written by Mr. A. L. Crosby,
of Catonsville, Md„ a reeogniz *1 authority
on dairy and agricultural affairs, will i<e
found of interest:
“The Jersey cow is of medium size, fine
in bone partieul.arly as to her legs, whicn
are almost deer-like in proportions—wide
across the hips, thin neck, wide between the
eyes, which are prominent and mild in their
expression, horns usually crumpled, snii'i
ami invariably black-tipped, lace getiera’ly
dished and with a mealy muzzle; ho Is
small an*l always black, hide mellow, hair
soft, skin nearly always yellow, tai! >.*ng.
fine in the bone an*l with a full switch.
The color of the hair varies very much, it
ranges through all shades of fawn; fawn
an*l whit**, squirrel gray, anil the some with
whit** and combinations of gray an*l lawn,
and the cow may be solid or broken co >*
ore*l; occasionally we see a cow ol a dark
mahogany brown, udder always light col
or**! :tn*l teats flesh colored. Re I **r roan
never show in the Jerseys; the very dark
ones have a stripe of a lighter shade run
ning along the spine. I never knew a Jer
sey whi* h diil not have a black, or almost
black, stripe in the inside of the lower part
of each ear, anil 1 never knew but one
f;*..»!lv of high grade Jerseys not to have
this mark. I have bred grades til they
were 123-124 pure blood, but they did not
show the black stripe in the ears. It may
be that the grade I speak of as having
th** stripe might have been pure bred, nut
1 bought her for a grade and supposed her
to be such. . . , ,
"Jerseys will vary from this description,
and they may vary widely in some respects,
but it conies about as near to describing
the breed as 1 cun find words to express my
“1 have not seen a pure bred Alderney for
many years, ami doubt whether any are
to'be found in this country at present. A
f* w were imported, probably in advance of
the Jerseys, and at first the Jerseys went
umler the name of Alderneys. J lie Aldet
neys tire probably not so fine in the bone
as the latter.”
!•!« nfy «»f Hou and Hominy.
The Buchannan Banner-Messenger says:
“There are certain to be better times in
Haralson county next year. Lots of hog
and hominy is being raised, a sure sign of
better times.”
Our Most
tefl Popular Piano
■ :--W# It is really hard to say which Is our most popular piano.
vi‘4*'- ; P Our style.UXM) Bis the one we sell most of. The price ot it
-Cj;. ' ; » s“sb is S2OO. and it is just such an instrument as you would
-:%S h " . .;. ; r-t’f W pay an agent or dealer 51.50 for. Everybody knows that
th re are enormous profits in the retail piano business.
;',V L> r ■ '•i ' '■•S’) We take these profits and give them to the actual user of
the piano. AVc eliminate the middleman. We believe
that it is better for us, and we know that it is better for you. Every
time an article changes hands, somebody makes a profit. Somebody has to pay for
clerks and canvassers and rent and light in the dealer's store. All these things cost
money and their cost all goes into the price you pay for your piano. Our system is merely
the application of good hard common sense to the business. Our 30 years orsnccess.
and our thousands or pleased patrons prove that the system is a good one. If you don t
know us, ask say hank or commercial agency about u.ank your own hank. Ami
remember this, you need not pay us one single cent till you have tried tlie piano in your
own homo. If it isn’t Just exactly what you want, you may send it back nt our expenses
we pay freight both wavs. That shows that we re in earnest, doesn’t it? Send for our
handsome catalogue -it’s free. Then look us up. Don’t deal with us unless you find
that we arc thoroughly reliable and honest In all our transactions. We cun save you
money and we can prove it. Send at once for onr Book on PIANOS and OHGAXJ,
PADMICH X- rn Washington, N.J., U.S.A.
VV i 1 Vk ESTABLISHED NEARLY 30 YEARS.
8,900,000 BALK!**
Mr. Neill Estimate* the Cotton Crop of
1894-85 »t That Figure.
New Orleans, July 30.—Mr. H.
the well known cotton statistician, ha» is
sued a circular letter which will be
ed tomorrow, 1 stjmating the cotton acr g
for the growing crop as 21,000,000 acres, and
the probable outturn of the growing c -
ton crop, if only 10 per . ent better yle.d par
acre than last year, as at least 8,900,0 w
bales. In this he allows 2,450,000 for Texas,
and 6.450.000 bales for all oth r states.
In putting forth these figures Mr. Nem
qualities them by saying that it ,s ,mp ®’’
hie. at this early date, to forecast the Kro ' ’
Ing crop with certainty, and that while this
suggestion of the crop is given as a conser
vative calculation of probabilities, it must
not be forgotten that the promise today is
equal or superior to any previous crop In
every state, ami that if each state should
realize a product equal to its previous best
crop we should have an av. rage production
for the country of 216 pounds per acre,
which on 21,00.0600 acres, would give a crop
of about 9,600,000 bales. Os course mu. h may
occur to blight this brilliant prospect, but
the conditions at present, he says, ate so
good that nothing but ac: lamlty such a,
with pet feet conditions at so late a period
rar ly occurs, could bring the crop down
to even so low a figure as 8,500.000 bales
Mr. Neill figures that on the basis of an
8,900,000 crop, allowing American sp
to take 320.m0re in U9L'5, than the past
vear ami with European consumption and
supply from other countries the san» e «»
during th. current year, there will be left
over to be added to the visible supply more
than 1.000.000 bales excess by
1835, compared to September I. l ‘ le a3
such a decline in pries should
would stimulate consumption and n dma
spinu-rs to carry very large invisible
stocks.
FABMEBS WARNED.
They Are \oiiiie<l That They Must
Adopt the Old System.
Anniston. Ala.. July 31.-(Special.)-Sey
eral prominent farmers around I.ridgeport,
in Jackson county, have been notified that
a new ami peculiar boycott is about to be
placed or. th* m. Hickory switches, accom
panied by notices, to different farmers,
have been left at convenient places where
they might reach the party to whom ad
dressed. The notices are as follows:
••NUT ,, '“" v, *u are hereby notified that
you shall not rent your land hereafter for
standing (m**n*-y> rent, nor for no higher
rents than the third and half. You must
come to the obi rule or your land will never
bi* tended again by no man living. We are
going to bring both landhold* rs and renters
to the mark or they can't stay in this
country and live. This to take effect from
July. 1894.
“FARMERS’ REGUI.ATORS.”
Similar notices have been received by the
section bosses on the railroads, notifying
them that hereafter they must employ no
laborer at less than $1 a day. Nobody
seems to know who the “farmers’ regula
tors” are.
MIHDER 18 SUSPECTED.
When l.sist Seen by Friends 11. M.
Bales HIIII ij’.l.."!><> in Cn*«b.
Chattanooga, Tenn., August 2.—(Special.)
11. M. Bales, a prominent citizen nnd busi
ness man of this city, is mysteriously’ miss
ing, and the supposition is that he has
been murdered. On Tuesday, July 2'th, he
went to Knoxville to colled notes aggre
gating $1,500. He was successful and re
turned to the city next morning. About
noon We.’.nesday, he told his wire that he
was going uptown to deposit the money.
A short while after he left a disreputable
stranger called at his office ami said he
wished to see Mr. Bales, as he had come
down on the train from Knoxville with
him. Later in the afternoon Mr. Bales
telephoned his wife that be was going
to South Pittsburg, Tenn. Since that time
nothing has been heard from him. tie did
not deposit th** money in any bank. Noth
ing has been hoard from him in South t’itts
btirg, where he is well known. Some rail
road men met him on the train coming
from Knoxville and he w.-is *-xhib*‘ing the
mon-y. A man answering the tescription
of the mysterious stranger was seen on
the train at the same time seated noir
Mr. Bales. Detectives bre working o.i the
case, an I think they have a clue. The
supposition is that Bales has been murder
ed by the stianger for the money. Bil«*s
has a family and thn o children. He has
been a dealer in land in this city for lit
teen years and is quite wealthy.
Tin; <B>\ EKYOR’S I’I.XX ADOPTED
By the Executive* Committee of the
Imm igr nt loti Associtt t ion.
Chattanooga, T* nn.. August 1. —(Special.)—
The executive committee of the Southern
Interstate and Industrial and Immigration
Association met here to*lay. There was a
fair tittendance of the members represent
ing all th** south* rn states, and. also, there
were a number of prominent railroad men
present representing the leading roads of
th** south and west. A constitution an*!
by-laws was adopted, anil there was a gen
eral inter *hange of ideas on immigration.
Gov*mor Northen, of Georgia, suggest* *1 a
plan for promoting immigration to the south
wn* n was much discussed and finally adopt
ed. His plan, in brief, is to recommend to
each state that immigration societies be
organized at every railroad town In th**
state, an*! that there local societies collect
information In regard to all Jamis f.*r sale
and other information that a prospective
settler would want, this information to be
sent to th,* president of th** state immigra
tion association, who shall have it printed
and circulated by the railroads. The repre
sentatives of the railroads promised their
hearty co-operation in the working of the
plan. It was determined to hold the next
meeting of the association in th** northwest,
either at Duluth, .Minneapolis’or St. Paul.
A Bomb in allatin.
Nashville, Tenn., July’ 30.—An unknown
party made a desperate but unsuccessful
attempt to murder Louis Penn and his
whole family, at Gallatin, at an early
hour yesterday morning by placing a
bomb in the window *.f the sleeping room
ami exploding it. I’enn and his wife were
badly cut about the lace and body by
the Hying glass, but the children and a
woman, who was visiting the family, es
caped unhurt. The house was badly wreck
ed, the glass all being blown out of the
window and the furniture badly torn up.
Tne report of the exploding bomb woke
up nearly everybody in that part of the
town, and for a time there was great ex
citement. Penn is a negro, bears a splen
did reputation, and did not know he had
'an enemy in the world. A white lady,
living across th** street, saw a man at the
window’, but could not recognize him. Inere
Is no clue. ♦
Killed by UglilniiiK.
La Fa vet te. La.. July 30.—Yesterday even
ing during a thunder storm the residence
of Mr Tiieodule Hebert was struck by a
bolt of lightning and his daughter, Marie,
aged nineteen years, was instantly Killed.
knowledge
Brings con>t**rt and i "?P rove, ” e,l LSj
tends to personal enjoyment when
r?”htlv used. The many, who live bet
ter than others and enjoy life more, with
less expenditure, by more P rom I ,t
adapting the world’s best P^utAs. to
the needs of physical being, will attes
the value to health 01 the pure
laxative principles embraced m ti
remedy, Syrup of Figs.
Its excellence is due to its P^^ ntl ӣ
in the form most acceptable and ple.'ts
ant to the teste, the refresnmg and truJj
beneficial properties of a !^ rfec J la
ative ; t tfectually cleansing the
dispelling colds, headaches and fever?
and permanently curing constipation.
R has given satisfaction to million*- arid
met with the approval of the nie<hc *
profession, becau-e it acts on the hid
iievs, Liver am! Bow* Is without '■<«i
ening them and it is jicrfectlv free ro
every os’*‘cti**nable siiii-tanee.
I’te* **■ r-’ drU| ’
gists in •* *•• and 31 b tt,< ?, but it isimat.*
ufact’.ired bv the California Dig * J
Co. only, wlt-.s* name is printed on ever,
nuchal, also the name. Syrup of b igi
and being we!! informed,J<>«1 will no
y.ccept tny substitute if oileteu*
2 j \ , *;• and *** J*'l I* t*’ ’*•
' v ! ’"X »**•< ** * a h -'
J -V A V -"X; * --* r ■ «:nuiuat. *l. <•*«■ **t
S - , V in.; ■ rlul *:-M*-n
ff ‘ ■■■ . . ; ■ ' 'j*
B !•' g "AX- •••..* I. 1r 5 Vfir**. **n l**
fc ■
I■ ■ ■
I- '
F -,;5* <. r ; !; ; I'r-t*.'” a smM
p. .. ' •' '.‘s ..!. .a n..*l p*‘T Cufl’ But-
fe - *•' -H i■: * ivit v‘r ri *»* i;)i sty.
fe C?---- (V ■A' K’Kd ‘rV- <;-.!
t* -J ■ -•" '/ 4 —Wouid yay that
A ‘ ’ : .ti.ai.ll.
i . * |- -\ ... :..l I V et*r«<lati' na.
(f, —. f .r |.r* inpln**’»
Z. ■ . .. I am,
/J < n \ .. irnlv. w. S. Baku,
> • / viiiCagoWatciiCo.
' 2 'J Wabash Av. Chicago.liL
Mention '1 lie < OuaUtuttoou
VKLZ PROCRESS
wA,Li a tTssi-niisiC sf»w
Cotton Press.
I*. s;*v. > man trantpiteg in the box.
\ i:»«iiiin s l.:t i.andtopnck
jf" lo to T*. < *r two 29 to 25 bales
\\( ~ /:**r*!:;v V< rv strong, simnle.
*V. ' . . *.*l li'iiabie. Alsoimr
EAL’HAY PRESS
U I * ri t iiionnt*-*!. st* I*l
, ... a.LS '
c”.—: . : mpleteGnmlngand -
x *,’;i * *ntils. Architectural
•’r* ns. Foundry, It*. .* rw .'lachiiM* shops. Addrest
PROGRESS MFC. CO., SOLE M’F'RS.,
l.it a S 3. 53iliSIBlAN, MI.vS.
KARAT
J.HTE
// J 7*5 1 ‘ T Tins ot T nnd send it to 119
g " ’p*.' t*ur »< »iH« «i><4 ad(; 1 css and we
L . ' Z-*x. ' Hl s* nd you this v .itch by exprew
Jr' ‘ \/ ! '" **’X J 1 examination. A Guarantee
/*’>>>• \ 5 Tear* and chain and
t ' * ’»n Bent with it. You rx-
.< ’ A ’• it and if you think it
.• ’ h r;ra:n pay our samp e
• = ' j .>3 price, and it yours.
Jh: : j»<y*'-/ a Li iK-autifully enirruxed
Tr* \ < rx.-- •’ ’ndv,arra!i:»<ltLebrsttjme-
1 het KF tile World lor the
‘ I/’ • tt. n a| 1 t ,*r-
r ( ’ j? ;v >.• t ’■ g 4 uuii ( Solid
>•: / . * |* 5 • - Watch. Write to-day,
;::1 net appear
• v !1..: KAIWL MFG.
.7 £. iilP-IBlifiG CO.,
A, STREET,
Chicago, 111.
ByvCC Hand Icstrnments.Drums.rnltormsand
I £.*.00 I.** I: J<* '* **.*|ii*|»ie* iit-I s.*n.| siainp tor
Catalogue,4UO lUustra;ion-. £.>.*■* A ,Chicago.
Mention The Uvustitutiou.
The Great £ye Restorer.
All 3- *! 1 enrrdhy
C '*” I** - *** » ■r. ■ aiarrh. .V; 1 nia.
r ’ ,rr «L -Ai 11 \ is a|* rfect Pocket
**' ’ ♦
* ' t Im * k fr.M*. MAV VCIKK A !.OViK)\
ELEITKH X . lu u* 1 v y i .h Vtn«n..ln<
Wfcif ——- -mA:-, ;aAa.»w-ra^**r--T*a— l -p ,
Ait-nuon 1 lie * uimtlliiiloii
BICYCLES m?
✓ \ XAj.ywbrreii ay* n< Bicycle for?
t ./ i JShJ. ; < 'll slv.es a-.d p’ic« «. f 75 “ ?5«.50
St- «lea er s | ‘ v ,«|-5 •* <C.2 5Q
K. . Xaßi x.- ■. . ’ - T*lt* r ! i *• unrated <’»Kl* rur Frr ft
Bl I MO.X, IL2 B«ren >!.,K 34, I
AacuAlmu luv tzt’isUi UliOU,
Ah ' ; ■ - .r; \i. rnrr
Givesize. Dr.Ju 1.1.1 ttr it. >lich. Wantagt-r fl L C
Mention the Con.-L:tution.
JEWELRY SPIMEIE*
—■■ aim iirewiMiirmni—T— num £ CO.. vuICAIMMLL.
Mention The Constitution.
Di e thousand dollars in Jersey cows, sev
en**en bun Ir. i ;-n.i fit .. ■ ash, s .me amount
twelve months, will purchase 8-room house,
modern improvements, paved street, electric
car line, north wide, Atlanta, I’. O. Box 3,
Atlanta. Ga.
agents wanted HKTOKY ’’’of
* * LABO P . STRIKES a-d RIOTS, fully il
lustrate l. Send I*H’ for agent’s outfit and special
terms. Adilre - '»>»tio* at Pub. Co., Chicago, ill
Mention The Constitution.
A P 2 New Scheme. Big Winner,
H ,1L:» • ' Eagle Factory, 71 West Jackson St.,
Chicago. Illinois .
When writing Mention Atlanta Constitut ion
Reporters and correspondents taught by
mail. Practi< il journalism in ten lessons.
Send for circular. Atlanta School of Jour
nalism. box 96, Atlanta. Ga.
T —) fN O’ and Dip needles for pros-
_r\ I J j JQNpectors. Miners and Treus-
seekers. Cir. 2c. P. A
M. Agency. Bachmanville, Pa.
Mention The Constitution.
I'OR ALL. a month salary and ex*
E \ pcuM‘B paid. If you want employment write
Wu atn* » n FRY. Augusta, Mxiuft-
Mention The Constitution.
Every Famrer
OUGHT TO READ
The Rural New-Yorker.
It’s the business-farmer’s paper, and a
most reliable authority tin agricultural and
horticultural subjects. Frauds anil hu*r..
bugs fear it.
ONLY $1 A VE.YR.
Send for Sample Copy to
The Rural New-York?r, New York
e^? lave ’ n lc,e arrangements to send il
and The M eekly Constitution for MSO a
year. ’ •
Mention The Constitution. ' ’' ’ *