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4
FARMS AND FARMERS.
•liosr r.4rxs vitb the .vex who
C EIDE iue no ;r.
Many QwwttoM Alx'Bt the Farm An«w*red
by the Acri.-tiltnrnl Editor of lhe
Meekijr Constitution.
Please look ahead and send in inquiries
•arly—ordinarily an answer may not tn- ex
: tfnder Un • Never n
•n am uer by mail; the editor haa no time
to spare for writing private letters.
Never ask where an article can be had or
the price. Editor* have no better sources
of information about these man other peo
ple. The editor has nothing for sale and is
rot interested m •uytmug advertised in
Ute paper. ' ••••■-
Questions of an, chsrnetrr * ['*’
Ins the tarns «H» *• ehe.rft.lly an
st ered h, the editor of this depart
their questions clear nod to the point,
lhe editor Os thin departusent will
Kite all questions elose research and
Mill ftlse the renders of lhe t onstl
tntion the benefit of no, ’ “ f,,r
that run be obtained on nil questions
for fhl.
‘• THE COXSTITITIOM.
Atlanta, Ga.
(Turd nod farmers’ Ih pt.l _
Hout Sell torn.
Aworlhre to rome account* the south is
tn b n« the -Kgypt" of the north an 1
_ «. the next f»‘W • month*, great Is
. . i uri . f the curr nt com crop there,
« -.--ful pr.wiu.-tiin here. We
r
. ■ • > ■he treat, an 1 even
t«,- > ,»ir j-erts to Europe. that are cnl-
, i to 111 the : utl.eii heart with a
,1- ,»f rr.de and ■attafactlon at this
.. n » t>.. v.b-.d of fortune.” whereby
to I ie exporters Instead of im-
. r . We do r d think it n'<•*«-
r . ;i. ■:• nt*-, since it is not probable
.» ,t a lx i.i their truthfulness will do
»• v l*m. N» sensible southern farmer
s< I! »• rn unless he has more
•
.. : Hie -.mar of setting of our surplus
j. . ih: n ■ nLe spared. The truth is.
In tl so t h at least in
, .- -i-.n states means no more than
. be a "Htt’e for
* • r >• the true
routh to produce - rptae •
c for r : rk-t, and the » Tort to produce
• for the strictly h .me de
. result, even in thl- year ot
plenty, r •’ the country with sur-
i sown • >rn. It to very griti
j . i. t vr rslng the u«cal course
v a • I to pi lure to ourselves
fc. l il l i.iilroad trains running in
■
into I ;t. W will not deny that there
will t- . n-. •• i,| e surplus in some sec-
taat nr - :y i:.;a::i il farmers in the very
midSt Os till COtt »B t: Ids have produ I
n r. c .n th n v » supply their present
ar. I u h i.e del; ..nd. Ki-rht here we
w . nt to i a p lut: In the brat place,
as a , eneral principle of farm economy,
grain i :i - »- • 1 not i> sold off the
I. sol . ■ Ia bl tier market
for it on the farm. Here is w.iat we mean:
Ti.e cotton i- . -- do i t produce mucn
n. re than a t.i .i -of the I. con, bird, b-.ef,
butter, cheese, mutton, tic., consumed by
their |>-ople. We has tho ’ iattl»
that have never taste 1 corn; thousands of
h that v iii I - !• i nhered before they are
fall fat. N a one in t n of the milk cow.*
, nth xiiow w. at It is to have regu-
lar : i.: r.i.. i = of g-ruia and forage. Here
■ ght at home. Id
so- .i . : of corn be mnrketed in the
.. s . : : is of ti.s south! We
hav. i l < a.* t li?..res to t i t:? la.- state
n< v *ve that th- r* are enough
h-.-A an 1«. :ttle I r.ecp ,n the south at
ta i : ■ :.t. I . w itieh we may -a i l the
y »ii- 1. ». ■ ;•. •hiclieus, etc., to come,
* n.r in. witnin the n. xt six
n i..s, !•» pre.; ly < • sume every ear of
com n .v in our 11*1 is and cribs before
a . r cr-,» can ma le.
. . • i. ■.
coi. and I..rd. for more southern milk and
built r a:.4 che* <r e, for less Kansas City
<tr, 1 !•< • :’. Ij> t ail the half-fed cattle
a: -t hogs of the s uth to be well fed and
f. :• •• 1 at. 1 <-ur h in* smokehouses and
<- : ... - b su; plied with l» es and
pork, butler and milk—the refined product
o f o«>r own cornfi. I is. if we cannot find
i . •<_ ,i animals to consume out
*ui: ia.~ «t rn let us say to the western
st - >» K-ow<-rs: •"fiend us your well grown
1< - nii-i your gaunt and hungry steers
a;, i 1- fast. n tr-. m <m southern grown
Corn. i».,s a.i 1 |*oiat .-s’’'
. . ti : .• • in necorJ with th*
pt.« ,!■ of f-< snd farm economy, which
<1 mai.-i- that the surplus grain and hay.
• ar. i p-as—the "raw material" food
yr . ■t> . ; a farm should be put into
I . ' •
j ti.i •.£ th. in <s.i th* market. When a
tar r s is grain ard hay be is parting
I 1 »n h<
f.. - it to a fattening animal at least
f ir-lifths of th. valuable roil elements
<i.t n I in the Lay and grain will be re
turn- i to the s .il in the form of animal
n. i»r ; wild* the one-fif:h part, combined
w th th* elements of air and water that go
I . nt.i-~.-fl in the f uin of animals and
gnimal prodw-ts, fetch a price that will
i. p th.- farmer io yay his debts, cloth*
an . • ■■ ..-a’.- h«s children, pay the preacher
tn *I v, happily and contentedly at h -me.
We do not like to see train leads of fat
h - or bi* n. fat st*, rs or dr. - be*f,
coming into our territory from without;
but we du not obje t to see th< cars loaded
with l- -.ii and hungry swine and kin* com
i-._ to tiM nd of plenty to be fed and lat
tened and returned, in part, it may Ik-, to
the waiting butchers and packers of Chica
go and t mcinnati. Let th.rn come if we
cannot btved them fast enough for the
emergency; but let us not send -*orn to the
w* do they wiii get the profits, while we
are enjoying the glory!
R. J. REDDING.
FABM ANU Ol E»riOX BOX.
Varinu-* Subject* «>n IVliteh tho Farmers
Ask lafainniH-in.
To Dr. IT. B- M-. Arkadelphia, Ala.—
Fa’h* the joint with hot water three or
four times a day; aftr r each bathing apply
Fsr Lils”
'v -w I s ID* dr-'paJring cry of
3 thousand® * Slieted with
El t \ uKMghtlyskin diseases.
ft A s** teaLzu what this
/ t-. \ di-'.figiiration n:eaw> to
, t sensitive s---;e
> it n-.-ani. isolation, scclu-
i It *• * ,ar *° social and
/ X NJ business success.
. < *l'’ I>> v<« wonder that de-
~A r si-a-r seues ui>oa these
• ' sufferers when
J>x-tnr« fail, standard reniedie* fail.
And n- cniius pr.ne wotm- tha?. l-wsl
f»k:n di* uses ate m.», obstinate to cure,
(rrs. titA Kkueiiies
llaveearned Use litl* Skin Specifics.
in .- f->r year* they have met with most
remarkable snurM.
Tl:- re are case* that they cannot cure, but
they are few indeed.
It isiioli. ig- drawn-*', expensive ex j-criment.
2*..-»-nts invested int'ero : its Soar
-i.e t-’-re than we ox-e .
It di*rt rill- rex works w-.xt.tits.
And it* cures are simply n.arvelo-is.
F-.!d threneftout th<- world. Frire,CrTtcntA,
F-- ; .•<->*r,2>.; Kr«ot.i rxT.et. FottkkDuct*
Aan Cunt. Coer., Hole rn.pri.n.r•, Hutton.
AW “ How to Cure Every Bkia DUeasc," free.
THTC WEFKT.V CONSTITUTION; ATLANTA, GA., MONDAY, OCTOBER 1.1894.
the following liniment: 1 ounce tincture of
arnica. 1 ounce laudanum. 1 pint of water.
Immediately bandage, right over the lini
ment, middling tight.
JI H. K-, White Plains, Ga.-Some time
ago you said to "W. M.,” Edith, i\. C., tl at
probably lhe reaaon why h.s WAtermt lo i
vines did not take on fruit sooner was that
the ‘"fertiliser used on the melons contain
ed too large a proportion of ammonia and
too little phosphoric acid" Please say what
would be the right pr .portion of these two
element*, and w hat sort of fertilizers would
give this. W. M did not aay whether hi i ,
vines dropped the first little melons or not.
Mine always do. If the first melons ap
pearing on my vine* would only stick and
grow to maturity, 1 would generally hav* i
ripe melons two weeks sooner. If you can
suggest a remedy, 1 think many will thank
you.
Atxiut S of phosphoric acid, 6 of potash and
5 of ammonia, would I* u fulr proportion
for watermelons. The reason why the first
embryo motona generally urop off is l> causo
th. re are but few male flowers, and pol
leinization is apt to be imperfect or fail al
together.
1
J. W. C., Grccnesboro, Ga. —I wish to sow
a grazing ]<>t for parmanent pasture on
iMghtiy rolling land, which was
broadcast with thirty lead* of barnyar
gprtag, and planted in veqe
tables and corn and pea*. The land has
some V*ry larg<- peach tree-., full grown
on it. Will the following mase a good p«-r
--manent tiuature? Had el,ver, vr.har.
grass and tall meadow oats. Will Oc
tober n-'.ii be toe late to sow sami (3 •
Would an appi. cation of < minion salt be
bcneticiul to the lot? <«-> Will it injure my
peach trees to sow the land under them to
traa*?
(1.) Yoh. Say orchard 10 pounds; fall oats
bi |K>unds: red top lo pounds; red clover A
pounds. (2.) No. biit try to sow as early as
now possible. (3.) Nut likely. (4.) It w ill not
seriously injure old trees, but it would
ruia u young urchurd
Mrs. E. 8., Delhi, La.—l read with in
terest jour artlcl* on “t’orn Stalks and
Shuck*," in The Constitution of the 3-1 in-
. f possible
in tLe i.eit issue of paper and «.bilge. -1..
Will cutdi.il ;!.* -I :n at tie t . ie y u F-. le
cause th* grain to shrink.’ (1.1 When cut
how long must it l-e before be ng *h<>- i.-. d?
13.1 After shucking, how long before it i;.
ready to house?
tl.) Cutting the corn down later than
the usual time of pulling fodder cause* a
or loss of weight in the corn
of from 5 to !'• per cent; but this is not :in
actual loss, since the bta'.ks and blades will
contain tiiat small perceiiiaae that wuul-l
go to the ear if the latter Ik- left to dry
on the stalk as usual. (2.) It is usual to
shock it up the same day, 1. e., shock up
in the afternoon all that msy have be. n cut
during the day, putting about *•' to stalks
-n a shock and tying around, verj dose,
m*r the top of the shock. <3.) From four
to six weeks, according to the weather.
J. W. K.. Sandy Flat. S. C.—(l.i Is the
month of De-eid-er a good time for :ui’>-
*
i: In- the most profitable, w hen lend is r ot:-
sld< rably waahe : and exhaui te I: W< tl i
it l«e advisable t • uresk it 9 to 12 Inches.
(2.) W hen • orn la planted ifter
harvested and when corn has been v. r’;e 1
and n good stand of oata come up. would
it i»e a iv-sable to let the oats grow ’
Our experience is that the lat*r the d ite
(before planting) that aubsalling is done,
over the upper four or six inches of foil
ecetnbe
deep breaking, but not turning, of the tx
hauste-i, washed laud Would doubtless l-e
beneficial, but a good crop of oats, well me
nured and well put in, followed by a crop
< f c-.wpeas next summer, would I-' th
pr- per treatment, il.i As a rule. Volunte- r
vats make rather a poor yield, and where
* ' • ' ' - ■ , • > I -
cause they came up early in September
thus indicating the prop:ie<y of lari-er
sowing. We would' prefer to plow up a
good stand of Volunteer a<s and sow fresh
seed in September.
E. E. T„ Kemp, Tex.-I have a mule that
.tmiot put Its head to r• , : .. . . ■
I J.'.’ r r; “’“‘ *. r ,üble and. pnm. w n-n its
h -: »wn it rnee - < . . -
■i. t e. sing it. |ta shoulders »re a• ar
I.' I-riM.e- j. way at l-e t .anl ve 1
no s-.' nipioms < r weeny.
A Hot. ,-a.t Jumisoii gia.-s be killed out?
1. lhe trouble is caded churdes, uriram.-s
of ti.e muscles of the uecg and loins, an I
is generally caused by exiiosure to damp
and cold a.id want of belling. Examine
by J.resture, the different muscles of the
iiei k and ahouMers, in or-ler to R. ate the
tender pls.-u*. Apply cloths wrung out of
v**ry but water And laid on lhe gore inu.s
--cl-s. Keep him in a comfortable and dry
pl* e, with g «>d bedding. Give one of th<
following powders three times a day in
Foft feed: one ounce eolchicum seed, on
uumu pure saltpetre, two drachms of fo< -
n.ignek se.-1. Mix and divide into twelve
powders. Give gentle exvrcire.
2. Turn over the ground with sharp turn
ing plow, as p as the jointed roots ex
tend. in the dry hot weather of July, le.iv
ing the furrow, on edge a* much as pos i
ble. Th* rains will then wash lhe soil fr--:n
the exjHieed roots an-l the sun wiil kill
th< m. Repeat the plowing in about a
in mth. leaving the ground us rougn as p- »-
sible. in De-emb-r, before freezing w-aii -
er, go over the land again with the ph>w.
leaving it in ridges, or as rough as p s i
b:e. i>fore planting in spring harrow with
straight-toot .led harrow, so as to bring as
many Foots to the surface as p -ssibie. Then
plant in <-orn or cotton and cultivate rapid
ly and thoroughly. So says Mr. Herbert
I'uat. the "apostle" of Johnson grass.
J. T. G., Oakman, Ala.—l. My n< i rhbo:
■» th* t got he
1 I low in April, l?f2. It hss enlarge 1 ami
fii-is hard, like th- I -r«*. but is 10-is-—not
fast to the bone. S' e has been lame <>n it
but is net lame now. He wauls to know if
she can be cur -d.
2. I l-.ave five tier- s of tip!an I that I h id
sowned in oats 1: st y*er. an-l 1 want to sow
it ip oat.s an-’, rje again this fall. D has <
« *’ <-f ragweeds on it, and I want to know
how would L* the beet way lo manage il
for the best results.
1. It is rut advisable to attempt to reduce
th* enlargement, as it does not cause lame
ness. It ni!ght have been prevented by
projier treatment while the wound was
healing, but it is too late now.
2. It woulu I-*.- best t<» mow i-wn the rag
weeds lirst. and remove them lo some o'h
er land, or throw them into the horse lot.
Tie oats would not be !ik--ly to do w 11
sown on the land after turning under the
ragwe«-ds. Mow them off, as advised above
and then turn under lhe stubble with a
good turnplow and harrow in the oats. But
it would be better to turn under «he wei-ls
without cutting them and plant the land
in cotton or corn next,
Y. K. L., Gllky, Ark—l have a horse
al-out twelve yearn old. 11* was apparently
well in the spring. Some time in May he
seemed to get weak in th- loins. He contin
ued to get r, >r*e a.l the time. Ue will cross
his hind legs in going down hill, and waik
at tlm s site wise, l.ke he had lost control
of his hin-i parts. 1 do -ton -1 him for his
kl-lney* a.tn foal sheath, and it dl l him no
good, i’l.-ase tell me the disease and rem
edy.
Your hor«e has partial paralysis of the
hind leK«, caused, probably Ly a blow on
■he back or a fall. It may be irenernlly dis
til I he-' imperfect control of the hin-1
le- s, of the tail and of th-- bladder, opply
but water cloths to the ba- k. across the
lo.ns an hour at a time, twice or thr-e
timet, a. day. Give internally 1 drachm of
powdered nux v*mica twice a day until
twitching of some of the voluntary muscles
o curs, then stop for several days ami com
mence again w th smaller doses, gradually
increasing until twitching occurs again.
Give nutritious but not too bulky food, goo 1
grooming, ventilated and clean stable, and
moderate exercise if able to take exercise,
W. J. M- K.—Holly Springs, Ark.—l have
a mar* live years o‘d. She ha • a colt six
teen months old; c«4t weaned eight months
•dr-ce. Th,- m:i*e dried up nicely; was bn-1
io a Jack this spring, but 1 don’t thmk siie
is with foal. Site has plowed all sumnn-r;
was reduced some in flesh, hut is fattening
nicelv now. Ten days since she commence 1
to discharge quantities of thick, slimy mat
ter f-otn th* womb. I suppose. Now her
bag !• full of milk. !’!*•** tell me what to
> for her? What Is th* cause? I appn -
< iat* Th- Constitution. You are doing good
work for the south.
If you are certain she is not pregnant you
may proceed as follows: Introduce a cath
eter into tho wurnu and draw off the accu-
mulation of matter. Next Inject into the
womb tt pid water, drawing it off with a
catheter; then inject a lotion composed of 2
drachms of sulphate of zinc, dissolved in
one pint of tepid water; then a lotion of 3
drachms of sugar of lead in one pint ot wa
ter; then a lotion of 2 drachms of carbolic
acid’ in one pint of water. Follow cue right,
after the other. Do this twice a day until
cured.
J B. L„ I’uctolus, N. (’.—Will you give
In the columns of Uns
■ n r;.c C f. , 'ib. i "'"“is a formula for panning
we can vouch:
How to Tan HHlcs and Skin*.
"Mr. Editor: A correspondent of .'[he
C - - J. C. I’.. l, ; i ‘ ll . on ’ Al ?!:’m‘nta-
infurmaiiun to ‘ lu n leather on ytu plania
Gun. The process is \ei> si { from
•1. Soak tn- uty hides in water from
live to leu UK Vis accordng to welglils.
ivy lid., rld’ulring the longest ume
\\ he tiuv are i-u.i ung they should be
... i, a- no over the hisii side
vim a. large, strong knHe h\ U 1 l . a t '' h “
Will auswrri amt s-rape uti all the ““her
i e. fi<-li and loose tissue. l‘o t“ ls l\\o or
lug nt. it <uiu with heavy hides.
Il makes’them piiani and more admonuble
'" ' tl ■ totoihellmevt. which
should - >l.l iin enough waler to hiti’ tin.
ind s w-d cover.d a-1 th" “me m whvh
there shouiu b-. .U least ore pe< K of da -t „
Hme to i- n gallons of water. (No 1 !, ?. L 1
haiiim th* dme too strum;; weak Lnu wll
<alup a hi-e, while strong Ume is.ll not.)
WhlK in ibe lime water they should be
moved about every day, so us to a tow the
fluid to come in contact with all
th- siirfiu i . and soon as the .-rn s i.p
well take them out, and with your mnto
knife remove all the hair and loose uesn,
if th-re should i-< any remaining.
‘3. Now return them to iresli water an I
souk ad the bine out of lil--m. ’lllis W'!t
require from four to eight -lays. 1 lie
water I louiu l-e changed dully, or b--tte,
have your tank arranged that fresh water
. a-- it -a through it- .....
"■<. N"i>v." go oi- r them w'.tl: the knife the
last time, an-! they are ready tor tiie tan
o r. , wh:- li 's a sT -ng solution of ouk
bark of : ufii-Sent qu.unity to completely
cove: th< hides. «'han ;e their position
every day wl.il* in U.i.- liquor, until th*y
are tibif-rmly e-doie-t. if you neglect *‘iis,
v. il! lie while pot o-i the .-kin. wnich
will l e raw aft« r tin- balance of the hide is
we 1 t -nn- d. This coloring process is very
Important.
Now they are ready forth - ‘tan vat."
may be made of anything that will
hold water, i"- r ten or iwenty hides, if
large, you need a vet cf or • and a half or
te im h lumber, six V i long, thr-e f**t
wide an-l two and a half feet d< *p But
• ground or well pulver
o -.1, -.ver Ihc loltom. n th is ’pre dfl hide,
th ’i <i’i -thr-r lry--r oi baric and so on until
.41 i- nr l-i-’es ar* in. Be careful and have
a I.'? , r of I ark b tw c’l ♦acii layer of hide.
N< ,v cover everything with water and let
■t land for two montb*. adding : i*.l i*nt
wnii-r to replace evaporation. N--w they
will I.- cd i i be chanv a into fr< Mi bxrk
■ - i. ■. j the same before, b r i tl
and iiynt a I f‘l; ins tiz'.e tn th* I- rk
will I • sutlieient. l-i’t thick, he v?’ hides
will r.-quire three changes to make good
leather.
"I tanned enotirrh light skins last year to
rnik- all the strings 1 wid rue-l on my
farm for five year- and used ot.ly about
f:\<- bu ’»<•! ->f red oak bark an-l hall a
bu itel of limo. , . ...
• ! !•••-.k-d and limed my skins m two
cniptv lard barrels thnlf > s r*ls limy were),
at, 1 "barked" in a kercscne barrel sawed in
twain. ,
‘ J s- nd you a sample. . „
• J. '>. TH XMMELH.
The ab'-ve is from a friend of our
you.h, wl-.-ni we have not seen in nearly
re gr ■ ' ■ ’
y-u. Dr. T. Tho sample of lacing leather
-ent is pliant, - ft and stforr. I.*t our
farmer r aders -b- th*ir own tanning, and,
if i . ■*• ::rj , n-.ik ■ t'n, ir own shoes. V. e
are n-t p-i.-t 1 aliout tanning, but we have
made a good many pairs of shoes, while
,-i wly recovering from a wound that pre
vented locomotion revtivt.d during the war.
It. J. R.
I.ucernc or Alfalfa.
To T. T. 11., ii-n-’ :son, N. C., and S.
T. J.. »eaa-in, T-x. T. T. H„ a.-ks us to
s- all :m th- copy oi tile Weekly of July
fi. if. I, e-oi raining reply to it q i ry about
):• -rne. W e have not a copy at hand. S.
T. J., t. ik substantially th* same in
. . i'he foil twing republication w ill
answer both inquiries:
••Alfalfa is a new name for lucerne, a
plant t- at Iri : b< • n cultivated more- or less
n the- south for the last sixty years. It is
e-loxiy Hi I to 11 e locer an-l resembles it
in its’ a i .nice mil uses, but it bus an
l of growth and is perennial.
\ ter - it- li, -I -e-p. w 1 under drained soil
is b t f->r i, ni.it a plot that is free ft", in
.. s I oth»r weeds should b*
,I- cl- 1. A somewhat sandy loam is much
b-tter than a cl<- e, compact, clay soil.
Ti- m- -t inipirl mt r- iiii’ite. howey er, is
a rich s il that will n >t hold waiter in the
<1 -p <>6 il. S-‘ptembe r, October an-l No
v<i: T ■, a ■.l'-i ng ;o Ifttitu-le, cover the
: -.i-’-.n f. r f»!l s-.wing, but th* seeds may
I- • sow :, in i-'ebrttar.v provided the soil is
ft. from weed and grass se-ds.
I"--, r* th.- lan.l by deep an-l thorough
plnwiny ali i hnrrov.intts. Throw it finally
in, > low b< Is ab .iit tw-nty-four in-hes
. ; -t ai d s>w th-- seeds in a narrow drill
t • middle of til. Leis, just as you
w >t:i l tiir,dps. Cover not more than half
s , j--,-)) <l. .p. Cultivab ns may b n• eded
r- I;- .;--I -a n ill rr--s snd w*< Is. - «]'•■ ially
the iirst year - f growth. No thinning is
n- - ■ . :y. (' mtne.-ii-i cutting with niow
im I- -ie wlten t. «■ lit- rne is jus l com
r.'-ii Ing to 1-! -fn. ; f: i ns oft*n afterwards
:•> it f. ’• high en .ugh. Do not let it go
t,> so- . It is b -t to cut on* day’ before
C,, .'.r.i-. Al) I.’ , of stock, especially milk
eows anl p':,:-s. art- f.-n-l of it. and it is
mor* n iiritioi ~ and p. idu five than elny. r.
Sc* 1 f'-r sal -by in->st seed-men at 15 to 20
e-nts r r pound by the single pound or J 6
y. r bushel, l-'iflecn pounds are ample for
an acre.”
To tho above we will a-11 that we have"
tri- 1 bro:id*ast sowing but do not find it
satisfactory. It certainly will not succeed
well sown broad • ast unless th* land htf
clean of weed and grass seels. Th* first
y- ar’s j ro-iuct is comparatively light, bifl
th* s , .-i-t year will give satisfaction. He
memii r the soil must be very rich and
i, , A hard clay subsoil does not suit
luct rne.
J, S. H.. Cor-i.'.inu, Tex.—V il) you or
some of jour n t-l<r- please tell me what
to -I,- lor my - nick t-s.’ M* little chicks
an 1 t . time an-l a. half months old
have a -lis-aie of tile li a l. Tile first sign
is a sa .'ll bump that look;- a little like a
v. art : aring on the eyelid, in the corner
of th* mouth or tinder the bill. The eyes
tini'lly ar.- clo.-e-i by sores an-l the chick
dies, ' W’hnt can I do for them?
The description given does not indicate
roup—a fatal disease because in that dis
ease there is always a very bad smelling
disclniic ■ from tin- nostrils. It is probably
.■hie.,. a lately ir.tr---luc.-l burrowing in
geet. Mix a teaspouef-il of lard with same
quantity of kerosene oil and sulj our an-l
anoint the heads of the fowls with it, be
ing careful not to put it in the eyes. Thor
on; niy cleanse the roosting places, scald
waii hot water and wash with limewash
with carbolic acid in the wash.
To T. A. H., Mathersvllle, Mi*s.—AV* are
by no means con ’--I nt, but we susye-t it
may be iheumu;ism. Give the followng:
One ounce eolchicum si cd (powdered), one
oun e saltpeter, two drachms of t'oenu
gre-k seed. Mix and divide into twelve
puv. h-rs and give one light and m rn ng
in soft feed. l-'om*nt th- affected parts—
the fetlock, stiile an-l hock—with hoi wa
ter tiree times a day and rub dry. Then
apply a liniment of: O-e-lia.il ounce of
tincture of arnica, one ounce tincture of
opium, one an-l a half ounc.-s of ammonia
aii-1 one pint of water. Hub in well three
times a day and immediately bandage with
flannel.
To \V. B. F., Henderson. Ga.—Apply a
warm poultice t > tin- swollen leg an-l re
peat it two or three times a ’ll ay unt 1 the
swelling si’.b-ides. Then bandage the leg
from hock to f. tioek at night, removing the
bandage when going out to work or ex
ercise. Thoroughly cleanse the wound with
ca. tile soup and water and then wash it out
v.ith a solution of cnrlrdic acid and water,
one to twenty. Then apply a lotion of one
oi: i< e tincture of ir n in eight < uncos of
water, once or twice a day. When the
sore commences to appear healthy, change
the lotion to one ounce sugar of lead in one
pint of water. Apply twice a day,
GRASS CULTURE
DISeVSSED DEFOIIE THE AOItICUL
TVItAL SOCIETY MEETIXU
Hehl In Richmond County i a«tt Week—Mr.
George Tillman’s Opinions of the Dif
ferent Varieties —31 r. It bite Talks.
Augusta, Ga., September 23. —(Special.)
The meeting of the Richmond County
Agricultural society lasi week at iue
clubhouse, seven miles from the city, was
a grand success. The occasion was tho
visit of Professor H. C. White, of Athens,
Hon. George D. Tillman, of South Carolina,
and Major Harry Hammond, ot Beech
island, who conducted a Farmers insti
tute. Congressman Tillman addressed the
meeting iirst, and he spoke about grass and
grass culture.
"AU flesh,” he said, "was grass; all grain
was grass. In Holland there is a maxim.
‘No grass, no stuck; no stock, no manure;
no manure, no crop."
“Napoleon 111,” said Mr Tillman, “did
more good for the world when iie estab
lished experimental farms an-l put George
veal at the head of them than he had in
all other things put together. Veal’s book
was by far thu best practical book /or the
young farmer. What was neeued most
was tacts and not theories."
When ho was a boy, he said, It hurt
him a great deal to see stuck suffering
from want of feed in winter, and so much
attention paid to lhe cotton. Several years
ago he began his experiments in grass cul
ture, and seeing a grass catalogue of a
French firm,he got Mr. Jules Rival to order
fur him several varieties of seed, file pro
cured a great many other varieties, going
so fur as to get the sort of which the
soup was made that caused the Jacob and
Esau contract, lie spent several hundreds
ot dollars for seeds. Ut the many varieties
lie tried there were three that flourished
well io Edgefield county.
The. first ot these was Burnet. . Why
Burnet iutd nut been introduced in America
from the Rio Grande to the Potomac was
a great mystery to him-one of the
greale.-t mj steries in agriculture. Burnet
could be cubed a poor land clover. It 1s
cultivated largely in Englund and Prussia,
and ail over the wild lands ot Europe. It
has aided in originating the best strain of
sheep in Europe. Tin r is nut an acre of
sandy land on the Atlantic coast that,
planted by Burnet, would not keep one
sheep iat from lambhood to muttonii. od.
It grows all Hie year. It loves poor land,
and will die on rich land it manured. In
winter it wilts, but warm weather re
sumes it. It is very rich in plant food. It
lias been analyzed, and according to theory
is better than red clover. Why it is not
cultivate,l oa tile pine barrens on the At
lantic lope it, he repeated, is a great mys
tery. Ih had never heard of it until or
dered through Mr. Rival.
11* planted in expcrir.iint sixty-eight va
rieties oi' grass and had more than thirty
a.-res devoted to experiments. During a
freeze one winter ali varieties were kille-1
except Bu-riiet and one other. He was in
congress at the time but when he camo
home iie found tin- Burnet a foot high.
Two or throe years after briars ha-i overrun
it he found it still held its own. He sowed
it on a good deal of land and even on clay
la id S ndy land is its habitary. It pro
aic.es abundance of seed.
in ?J ehb'.un they hav barren lands and
two or thr-e stations are established to
reclaim them. Dr. Beal, who wrote the
best book on forage, is manager. Th. y
hav* been searching the world lor grass to
reclaim the lands.
I iving d r< 1 what Burnet would 10,
he sent Professor Beal some seed. The
Michigan reports say it produces abun
dant forage. lis success makes me ear
ne->t to impress it on th* people. J. W.
<’ | mi, x- Co., of New York, ar* the - nly
p*o..)e who have it. It is a good pl.int fir
subsoiling pusposes and is healthy and
hearty.
Mr. Tillman said Schrader s grass was
another plant th-i; will grow on the most
san-iy land in Richmond county. Horses
and ‘cows love it. it will grow any
where.
Burnet is very rich in nitrogen.
Jn sp.-aking of sandy land he said there
were grasses in l-'ltiri-la that wiil grow
anywht re. "Poor toes” was one of them.
It is a great nuisance tu cotton planters,
but yiehis xcelleiitly.
In speaking of grasses best adapted to
low lands or t-> stiff, moist, f- rtile lands,
Schrader's griff- was by stir the best va
riety. »-corning to his experiments.
Italian grass was very good but the
sp-.-akei- preferred Schrader's.
In California Lucerne i* planted far more
than anywhere else. Mr. Tillman said he
had bought it east of the Rockies and it
liad been distributed a great deal over this
section. The Ducerne of the I‘a- iti ’ coast
was id'-ntieal with the variety raised in
\Viik<.-s county an-l named Colley gra.-s.
Burnet tr.ade th* prettiest crop in- knew
of except hairy vetch. This last named
variety had been imported from Russia by
the government and lie had procured it in
that way. it is almost as healthy, he said,
as a flint rock, an-l he never had seen a.
single rotten seed. In appearance it re
sembles other varieties of vet -h but it is
far more robust, it will grow all the year
an-l is no more affected by cold weather
than a bar of iron would be. it will afford
a crop before frost, two in th* spring, and
then seed. This grass ,'s one of the best tor
cows and horses, and even chick -n< an 1
hogs take to it better than they do to re I
clover.
Mr. Tillman seemed very much in love
with hairy vetch and said that whil* Texas
millet and Johnson gr ass were all v< ry
exc< llent he wouldn't give his favorite for
ail of them.
The speaaer concluded his talk by opening
a larg* package of sample se-.-I , whi- hhe
dlstributad to the members oi" the <ilul>.
They went very fast and each gentleman
< 'pressed his determination to fully test
th" merits of the various varieties.
.Aft. r Mr. Tillman had concluded there
was a general discussion of gra; ses. Mr.
I’. J. Berekmans gave si.me very valuable
iiif irniation as to his experience.
Mr Tillman then offered ;i suggestion to
the dull that should pn-ve of value.
He said that he thought that some gentle
man who was well acquainted with Consul
Tom Gibson, now stationed at Beirut, should
write him for information in regard to
forage plants in Syria. The horses raised
in that part of the world were famous, an-l
it came from the fact that the grasses
ther* were full of nitrogen. If Mr. Gibson,
he said, could find there some grass that
would be suitable on this part of the world,
he would deserve that a monument be
erected to him.
Professor H. C. White, of the Stato. uni
versity, was then introduced and opened
lhe institute. He spoke in highly compli
mentary t rrns of the Richmond County
Club, saying that it was a most thoron -It
and business-like organization. In the
west the farmers are organized and study
JN paint the best is the cheapest. —Don’t be
misled by trying what is said to be “ju tas good, but v.hnc
you paint insist upon having a genuine brand of
Strictly Pure White Lead
It costs no more per gallon than cheap paints, and lasts many times
as long. Look out for the brands of White Lead offered you ; any
of the following anj sure:
“ ANCHOR ” (Cincinnati). *' RED SEAL ” (St. Louis'.
“ ECKSTEIN ” (Chicago). “ KENTUCKY ” (Louisville).
“ SOUTHERN " (St Louis and Chicago). *" ATLANTIC ” (New York).
” COLLIER " (Pittsburgh). “JEWETT " (New York).
For Colors.—National Lead Co.’s PureAX hitc Lead T inting Colors.
These colors are sold in one-pound cans, each can being sufficient to tint 25 pound sos
Strictlv Pure White Lead the desired shade; Kiev are in no sen c rcadv-mixed paints, but a cotn
b.nation of perfectly pure colors in the handiest form to tint Strictly Pure Wint l.ead.
A Rood manv thousand dollars have been sav 1 propertv ->wners by having cur book oa
-aiming and color-card. Send us a p -tai card and get both free.
»» < ®«SS3b--«i. NATION AL LEAD CO., New York. ’
EffiSDS ,
Mention The Constitution. ’' '
the best methods of farming. 1 apers are
read and subjects of interest to them fully
discussed. The university had been endeav
oring to perfect some such organization in
this state. Such valuable addresses as
that of Hon. George Tillman was what was
needed. As the Richmond County
the oldest a.id most intelligent body of its
kind in tiie slate, he desired what the chi >
had been accustomed to was similar to the
work desired by tiie institute.
Mr. White then said that he desired to
say a few words of interest. His knowl
edge of agriculture was largely 'scientific
and obtained front ch uiical research. Sci
ence had done a great deal for the tarmer.
Science found away to contribute to the
growth of plants, an-l then commercial
fertilizers came forth. It was so easy to
analyze plants, get their contents and see
what they needed in the soil, i'he mere
feeding of the plant, however, is not all or
agriculture. The actual .-oil material of
the plant was only 3 p r cent. The benefit
of chemical manures to p ants, in his opin
ion. was not as great mi supposed. 1 tie
fertility of soil is dependent as much on
mechanical as chemi al conditions. \V hat
is th.- difference in rich and poor soil? ho
asked. You say that it is the difference
in plant food, but upon analysis it sm-ws
differently. This brings forth the question
which is best—to purchase plant food and
add it to soil or not? To buy commercial
fertilizer is an economical move, but plant
ers should turn attention to the physical
care of land.
The idea is to keep land in good condi
tion. Tiie great demand is to furnish con
ditions proper to the subserving of plant
functions.
How can soil be improved physically.
In a great many ways. First—plant small
areas under the supervision ol one man.
There is a little difference in lhe selection
of soil; if he takes care of it he can bring
it up without commercial fertilizer. He
shou d not be dependent upon machinery,
but upon nature. This comes through veg
i etut loti. Thvi * is a choice, but grasses are
I the Lest to bring kind to this condition,
i Thus some turn under cow peas to bring up
1 the land. Nature improves land tnr<.ugh
1 plants, but there are the microbes, or bac
teria. Thej- are g rms of life and they act
in bringing forth life. So soils can be inoc
ulated by transferring the bacteria from
roots and some plants to those of others.
Then we come to earth worms, we .Ind that
1 they add lo th* mechanical value of the
land. This means subsoiling crops, etc.
You can < irry ip your hat, he said, ail the
plant food in a ton of stable manure. He
w ould be glad if tiie <Hub would use commer
cial fertilizer as they should be, and to
consider that chapter closed, and then go
to the cultivation of plant food and grasses.
' He wanted the best method of improving
land mechanically dis . thoroug ly.
Being ask.-d by Mr. Bryan I.av.rence if
green peas turned under did not sour the
land. h<- sai l y.-s; but il lime was put in it
would, act against souring. Oyster shells
and other marls w re splendid fur use in
this way.
After Professor White had concluded.
Captain Harry Hammond read a very val
uable paper.
For dis. ussi in at the next meeting, "Me
i chanteai I‘reparation” was selected as the
subject, and Mr. I’. J. Berekmans was se
lected to lead the discussion.
The meeting then adjourned for dinner,
and the members and their guests entered
the dining r< -,ms when sumptuous old
fashioned Georgia 'cue awaited them. It
was served in true southern style, with all
tiie aeconipaiiiments.
• ♦ -
Nancy Hank’s n-cord 2:04. Who can beat
it? The question is often asked about Dr.
Price's Baking P-wd r.
TIIE STATE 111 AS A FARM.
yiisHißsf ppi Is Getting Property for
Her <’«>nvlcls.
Jackson, Miss., September 24.—(Special.)—
Governor Slone, who is charged by law
with certifying that the price agreed
upon by tho commission for a Hate prison
farm is nrsenable, today sent Attorney
General Johnston a letter in which he ap
proves t’’.e purciiasc price of the ) ;nd sit
uated in Rankin county on the A. and V.
railroad, six and a half miles southeast
of Jackson. This tract is known as the Hun
ter awd Stevens property. It comprises
3,207 acres, for which the commission agreed
to paj" S' p ." acre, amounting $10,172. It is
estimated that this land is half woodland
and half cleared.
Th* other lands recommended by the pen
itentiary commissi, nets are he I> cman and
Roach lands at Valley Station-on the Ya
zoo and Mississippi Valley rain-.j-id in Ya
zoo county, comprising 4,703 acres, 2.200
I acres being cleared and 2,503 uncleared.
i 'I iie purelb’se price agreed upon between
I the commission and the owners was sls
j per acre, making $71,M»5. Tiie governor
I says: "1 regret tii.it 1 cannot conscientious
ly certify that the price agreed upon for
; the lands offered by Messrs. Beeman and
Roach is reasonable.” The governor made
a personal inspection of all these lands.
The leasing ot’ convicts is forbidden by the
new constitution aft. r December, ISJ4.
Half
September 25th-Octol>er Oth to all points
on I nion Pacific system.
For full parti uiai-s, rates of fare, etc.,
address James F. Agi; r. G--n*ral Agent,
213 North Fourth Street, St. Bums.
O.V THE OLD li VI TLEGROI XD.
General Waltbnll Goes Over Lookout
and MiNsionarjr Ridge.
Jackson, Miss., Sept,-inlier 26.—(Special.)—
General Walthall ard Major George M. Go
van, part of tiie Missis-ippi commission ap
pointed by Governor Stone to air" in locat
ing the p -sition occupied by the Mississip
pi troops participating: tn the battle of Chat
tanooga, arrived from their mission today.
Though more than a quarter of a eentury
I has come and gone. General Walthall and
| his inspector general. Major Govan,had lit
tle trouble in locating General A\ altliall’s
position. They hr.d tiie pleasure of meet
ing Major Tom 11. Hyman, of the Ninth
Mississippi regiment, now located on the
battlefield doing special work for the com
mission.
It was Walthall’s brigade, composed of the
Twenty-fourth, Twenty-seventh, Twenty
! ninth. Thirtieth and Thirty-fourth Missis-
I sippi regiment that held Lookout mou:i
--! tain from early morning until about 2
! o’clock in the afternoon against Hooker's
i entire corps, and that it was the brigade
! that formed across Missionary Ridge and
I h> Id the ridge until s:ls o’clock that night.
, When tho troops to his left had been drlv
' en off, he withdrew under orders from
i General Cheatham. G. neial Walthall and
Major Govan were shown many courtesies
by Generals Boynton and Fullerton, ot the
I federal army, and Lieutenant General Stew
art, of the confederate army.
An A.syed Couple-
Montgomery, Ala., September 26.- The
Canton, Ala., Courier says:
‘•Two of the oldest people In Barbour
county are Mr. and Mrs. John Dansby. Mr.
! Dansby is ninety-nine an i his wife ninety
eight years of age. They have been mar
ried over seventy years. Exe -pt feebleness
from old age, they are sound and healthy.
W S E«<
s Lhmeht
for household use,
not have survived for
Fwer d eiihty years except for the
FACT that it possesses very
K.uch more .ban or<bnar* rnent.
tor INTERNAL as much as EXTIKNAL usa.
‘ivaiitvd , b>iouhi hare T*jHns«>nS
Every Mother
S .-<- Th od. T..nsi!itre DmU
St.,|. s i..in. Cr.ia.i;-. ~,n I ’",!%{, Bren-tatw. Cholera,
Mortals, bor Inhnle for Nerrou«
Jo.r;t-, Strsins -1 J. I>t f rec . S.-M everywhere
n.-ada.-h*. I ul.jmrF "' U, A! < .. OU get it send to us.
IF'PILLS, o
■2 Make New Rich Blood.
“BestLiverPiiillado”
Pdtively cure MLlorsy-S and
I. s?J< >i't"xsoxl7< ■:. custom House st.. Boston. UM*
the progress
SEIF- 1 Kuwsriixli
Cotton Press.
L -ie -1 or tv.o Lu to 2 > lialel
: /‘HRUHAYPRtSS
3
Irons. Foundry, IK-u rA Machine shops. Add <s*
PROGRESS MSG. CO.. SOLE M F-R3.,
BOX 11. MEBIOIAS, MIA3L
Mention la* cenauu.Liuu.
/ . k - - -L «Wk-aw.od 7--".lwf« •-v 5 ?-*.’*
f * t .-o , r i; ct .t. n Ba.-hlae for- SHJ—•
' " st.-uL’.-.t r.L-cr. - S'.OO. IILO*
t ~I W ./ «. 27 other style*. *U »*•
u. , . tre<cla*lr|.sn».
T- «T v- ■ md»p free ir .t, in any 1 . .
■
e' i • /'T.-i f - , a..-- rv .- ... MTI.U IMF'- rr.-raa.
-‘—•Aia.ali). CASH BUYE" S’ UNION,
158-164 West V;n Lureo St., 3 J. J, Cnicago, hl.
the < »m • 11
Double Breech-Loader
Sb..l . tron. f-‘ Winrh—ter .> 1
Hilt.a. vie. llreerh l wUli.t KI- Wi,
ne«. : ' m »lib N IS-l’ceLinir Be.obt-r*. ‘VS
Hated Si. R , n .i .tamo tor W-page Catalogue
and «are 35 ce&t.
Caifpffll & SEMPLE, V
Mention The i unalltuuuia.
©q DO YOUR OWN
? V-il jyil ' ’ - ■■■ '
r, • . s - J. tr* s <Vr > rip-e.it .< cue,
. i... r. P'ess .. type. <ara«,
V, ‘C- *1- -1 f- to factory.
... ■ SEYiCO.,
L
RTERS!
5Te wr.’i' n r •prnsi!-> i*nr as gi'-tikmaiw in every town to aoi
a«T W • • rc. rrtx . ♦ •nt. r;. rt tne 1e; j*nn in thrirloca.’-
jt. -..1 arti ••■-»:.? p it : i ion. rx;* nuuce n-t reqaircti ur
f -iti*-” frn- f. 'M writers Kuctoe
ft - . ’ WLc a._?S. 5! Dto.".N 1 KAMi A' .<lAriUJf, LU.
,»h’ii , .i"ii me v.oiaSiiiuUuii.
nC'UCLE r -:F- BICYCLES sl3
ji I ;. '1,,,’.:. ;jl» A, ~n.. Cteapu than else-
H-. an i r I v\ ■ ” , * Mo " *■’’ *'■*
'■ V. .. ; .-V Ft ;j V-. ...rap torw rats
E:t IS SiJSfi AJ i-fC -u ''Vo-AELUtWEhTnO.
W ATC H E S' W<JSffHl6XalaSt.,< .arinaali/).
Meutiou The Constitution.
PASSERS rd DRUMMERS
V .“i . . a ! ’.Ve M >id .-ample outfit
i A ; lUh i <UII * t.» -..H..1 Hu-tler. t-.1»...a
. I
No peaMUaff i d urerinK.
S- c »rti< le; | -liiv-.-’y som-I'.- .a new.easily handled,
t r.a-'ih nnU stored an<l private indivl-luats on good
t. rms. We furnish l.iirh.-,-t r -ferences as to our respon
i Hi., list c.-i.iil;-.-n. -s of our t vtra.udinary off.r.
l>-■ • r,M<>. .5 r«-.irist.,Ji.Y.City.
Mention The Constitution.
(71 fl TH MADE BY* WORK-
“ u ferred who can give their whoto
nrn ll’rri/ time to the business. Spare
r' H erf A hours, though may be profita
i lh i u- i emi 4 u y e j. This announce
ment is of special ii terest to stirring men
who wish to rise in the world. Good open
ii.gs for town and city work as well as
country districts.
H. F. JOHNSON & CO..
No. 3 South 11th St.. Richmond, Va.
Men*ion The Constitution.
a sBll9 GOL9 mgQ FBEE!
’’ i _ 73 fiIGLS. js?
—(tw. address if you would
lik , on' of th.-’e beau
a*/'< ’ - • > *1 solid grid rings
.* r s ’ ■ - \ fl- r.V> ■-’••■'llrr CV .• -
F t Iv Tfco-It paying one cent.
. . _I z 111, ,-t. r t
withgenuinediamond.
Fo.Eissoliilsetwitcgenulne peail No. 3is a. olid go 4
ban:! ring beautifully engraved. Will you ngr.-e to da
• few hours’ work showing our n.-w g-.0-'s to your
friend?’, if wow ill give vou ynnr.-ho- -o of thes« beau
tiful rings! Send rightaway ns we want only ono girl
in e-u hn< ighi.irhO'si. We h iv<- pi ven away over 15/iot
jlngs tiie past two year*. Addr.'rs,
e, t. AoSUCUHUX, ZGU DKAHBOUX BT., CHICAGO, ILL,
JfllVlatAMU IMV < 04)31it-UwiMio.
Cotton G 1-2 c per Pound.
Corn UOc per Bushel.
Peaches SI.OO per Bushel.
Grapes 5c to lOc per Pound.
Fiofit on Aero of Cotion? or an
n rp of peaches S2OO, on an acre of grr aea
It you want to get rich grow fruit.
We furnish all kinds of fruit trees and
plant grape vines, ornamental trees and
I
8 nJ f r retail de
scriptive catalogue free.
W. D. REATTE,
Atlanta, Ga.
Mention Tho Constitution.
FREE! ~
L.'-tT * ‘
11 -mm-i. -w—■ - A
' 1 * 1 in ; , 'S'sr*L
Vat -J XS 4
7*' n z \ w
> ■ , ' X- va. i \ r
Un: ■- . ■■: ■ ntih r.i > 1 'FREEW- * \
ua». '-A W'.C :i ’ ■ K-’f-MI. 1
tlii.- • ■> n-’ • ! • will xp. E.;.-/ .. g
you ’ i. Ni.-kel Cigars, C. O. D. SLOO, and allow L'jiwwfll
eaar : .ton. Revolver comes with Cigars free,
Jtret.uk aJ' Winston Cigar COa.Wiustun,N,a
M.-nt.ou I’ue Cuusutuuuu.
D'gflcfiVES
iv tr ’. in ffvrry C ut \ ’i- not tiereflflnrv. Tarn u-
. <«ru- unn l>etcvtlre Burvttu Co. 9 Cicciuuau. o
Mention The Constitution. nr tn
Every Famrer
OUGHT TO READ
The Rural New-Yorker.
H's tiie business-farmer's paper, and a
most r. liable authority on agr-cultural and
l.urti iiltural subjects. Frauds and hu’u
bugs fear it
ONLY ?! A V EAR.
Send for Sample Copy to
The Rural Ncw-Y.irk?r, New York,
we have ma e arrangements to send It
•n ’ ! ' r Consl " ition for UJM •
year.
Mention The Constitution.
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Mention The Constitution. •
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