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X i
PRAISE OF
THE SOUTH
Condition of Army Camps No
Criterion of Healthfulness
of Surroundings.
STERNBERG GIVES VIEWS
Strong Indorsement of the Healthful
ness of the Whole Southern Coun
try by the Surgeon General
of Army —Recent Re
flections Refuted.
it .Filington, D. C., August 20.—(Special.)
From the highest possible source comes
th. .mim-m.-nt of the Dlthfulness of
the south. 'i'lio surgeon general of the
srmj adds his testimony that climatic con
ditions have had nothing whatever to do
with the health conditions in the
army camps, and that had the
troops been properly camped and the
nitary regulations " ■
tho.-c camped in the southern states would
they could. have
been anywhere in the country.
. . , v< r for the
suggestion that the fever troubles came as
, n climate. The
ponsl >ility for that state of affairs lies
with the officers of the army, and with
t ( n Not only have ordinary san-
itary rules which they should have known
been disregarded, but they have failed to
■ instructions issued by the
m< di< al department al the beginning of the
S says the surgeon general of the army,
sut ( all men, is in the position to
know.
No Reflection, on the South.
"The cl imor whi :■ find j ■ 1 ■ sion in
som of tin : ■ • papers againf t ■he south
U 1 .lorn;.nd that troops be r.-mved at once
from the southern states —is in no sense
warranted,” said Surgeon General Btern
t. : rep a question I had put to
him. He was in his office on the third
floor of the war building, I found him in
tile midst of a controversy precipitated by
the quarantine officer of the port of New
York; not much of a controversy, to ba
mi •. for General Sternberg was letting the
other fellow up in New York do all the
talking. He was attending to his patients
at Montauk Point, as he believed they
should be attended to, and the threat of
ast • quarantine had no effect upon him.
His t!i< .■ was full of representatives of
New York papers who seemed anxious for
a clasn between state and federal authori
ty \ h v Id furn >h something to take
the place of the waning war news, but the
sur'.n on general evidently’ did not consider
the matter of great consequence, for lie
took time to talk at length with me about
the vastly bigger question of fever in the
camps.
I called his attention to some of the ut
terances of northwestern newspapers which
were inclined to be Hysterical over the con
ditions of southern camps, attributing
those conditions to th© southern climate
and deniandinf- that tho soldiers be r ir.ove l
to northern camps at once.
Not Confined to the South.
It was then that Geneial Sternberg de
clared. with all the emphasis at his com
mand, that the insinuation of unbnnltby
conditions in the .south was absolutely un
called for; that the fault has b ■■ it with the
officers of the army responsible, for the
making of the ramps; and that properly
placed, the troops would be as healthy in
lite south as anywhere in the country.
••Why." said General Sternberg, "look at
these reports just in from Camp Ramsey,
up in Minnesota. Tiny are having there
exactly the same, condition of affairs that
there has been at otiier eamps, and it till
canies from the same , auses. Surely
those papers will not e intlemn the health
ful.less of the state of .Miune.-ota because
they have fevers in the camp there, will
they” Well, Uu're is just as muefi -..■nee
in condemning Minnesota as tiler, is in
condemning the south because there have
been fevers in the southern camps; and, in
deed, there would be more because the
south has a vast area with a great variety
of climates, while a single .slate is much
more circumscribed. As a. matter of fact,
there is no ground for condemnation in
cither case.
Proper care on the part of the officers
of the army would have prevented these
troubles,” continued the surgeon general.
'This applies particularly to the officers
i of the volunteers wHio have not realized
; the necessity for proper sanitation, or,
■ realizing it, have disregarded it altogether.
How.a<r good <io tors the officers of the
metlieal department, may be, tiiiej- have, in
some cases at least, tailed to do their full
duty in demanding and enforcing proper
regulations. The medical force of the reg
ular army was of course entirely inade
quate and the volunteer surgeons did not
seem to realize that great necessity of
sanitary precautions which has been con
stantly drilled into the surgeons of the
regular army and the absolute need 'for
Which they have learned by experience.
Early Recommendation s.
“Still there was no good reason why
they should have failed to follow instruc
tions that Were laid down by this depart
ment. That such instructions were disre
garded is certain; just where the re.-pon
sibility lies, whether with the medical of
ficers or with the officers in command who
failed to follow the recommendations
made to them, is not yet clear,
“The instructions were positive enough.
On the 25th of April I issued circular No.
1, calling the attention o's the medical of
ficers to the great responsibility resting
upon them. The certainty of service in
tropical Cuba was dwelt upon and instruc
tions, in the shape of recommendations,
were given covering the prineip.il points
to be guarded and guarded against, in the
construction and maintenance of the
camps. The great necessity for efficient
sanitary police was strongly emphasized
In that circular. I want to call your at
tention to ono paragraph of that circular
in particular, for it undoubtedly touches
the seat o's the trouble.”
The paragraph in question reads as fol
lows:
"No doubt typhoid fever, camp diar
rhea, and probably yellow i'ever are
frequently communicated to soldiers in
camp through the agency of tiles, which
swarm about fecal matter and filth o“
all kinds deposited upon the ground or
In shallow pits, and directly convey in
fectious material, attached to their feet
or contained in their excreta, to the
food which is exposed while being pre
pared at the company kitchens or while
being served in the mess tent. It is
for this reason that a strict sanitary
police is so important. Also because tho
water supply may be contaminated in
the same way, or by surface drain-
Otlier Orders on the Sajue Line.
■ “The spread of typhoid fever not only at
j the southern camps, but overe here at
i Camp Alger and up there in Minnesota
■ at Camp Ramsay, is undoubtedly due large
ly, if not altogether to disregard of that
i paragraph,” continued the surg. vu general.
“Attention was again called to this sub-
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION: ATLANTA. Ga.. MONDAY, AUGUST 29, 1898.
I j... tin circular N<>. 5. In the latter circular
I J say; •The . xtensive prev donee of typhoid
' fever in eamp- of instruction Indicates Chat
the mil iry recommendations made in that
I circular have not been carried out. If
medical officers have failed to make tha
I pr- per rev cnne iida ‘ ions as indicated, the
j responsil liiy r.. ts with t'h.-m. If the r. e
; omniend. nis have been made and not
i acted upon by tiles.- having authority in
the various .amps, the responsibility is not
with the medleiil department; but these
'recommendations should be repeated and
I eommtinding officers urged to move their
camps at frequent intervals and to main
tain 3. str . t ■ Ulitary police?
"The n.-ecssity for moving ramps fre
quently has been urged time and »gatn."
.-■mtinued Ge: . ral Sternberg. ‘ The great
fault in the construction of yanips at such
plae.-.- ,s Chickamauga Park se.-ms to have
b.-en that the men were needlessly crowd
ed together and that they were kept m the
first . amps long after they sihould i;. ve
been moved. To best rare for tho health
of the men, it is necessary that -amps
should be moved frequently. Instead of
doing that, troops have been kept contin
uously in the camps first selected, and not
only that, but after the first lot of troops
are moved not infrequently have the new
troops taken the camp that has b :©n left.
Conditions Among Volunteers Bad.
‘"Pile (history of the world shows that
there have been these outbreaks of fever
almost invariably when a large number of
volunteer troops are gathered together, tut
we thought we knew enough to pievent
such an outbreak this time, ind 1 believe
it might have been prevented led the
recommendations al the outset bia n fol
lowed They were not, and tine >-"sult has
been much siekiu ss and a numoer of lives
lost.”
General Sternberg has just appointed a
scientific commission to make, thorough in
vestigation into the conditions that have
prevailed at the various capms, and a study
of the typhoid growth, with the idea of
benefiting th© armies of the. future. He
made the announcements of : iis commis
sion While I was with him. The commis
sion consists of -Major Walter
Reed, surgeon United Suites army,
professor In the army medical
school; Major Victor C. Vaughan, divis
ion surgeon United States volunteers, dean
of the medical fraternity of the Universi
ty of Michigan; Major Edward O. Shakes
peare, brigade surgeon United States vol
unteers, who made for the governm. nt an
elaborate investigation of cholera, going to
Europe and India, for th< purpose. It fa
General Sternberg’s belief that tlhis com
mission will bear out his theory as to the
cause of the spread of t'iie disease, and he
hopes their findings will be of value in the
future.
The South’s Health All Right.
"I cannot slat© it too strongly." said the
medical head of the army, in <■ inclusion,
“that tho causes of the spr ■a.l if fivers
In the camps are tlhosc that I have indi
cated. an<l the fact that these camps were
located in t'iie southern states I,.id nothing
to do with it. Typhoid is likely to develop
anywhere; once developed, its spre id was
' not only easy, but certain untb r Ihe con-
I ditions that maintained. There is no ntoro
I reason to charge these cases up against
! the south, as a whole, than it is to charge
I the cases at Camp Ramsay up against tiie
healt i of t'he north west.”
Chinese Woman Gets Pension.
Washington, August 2>. —The pension
office today granted a pension to Ah Cum,
a Chinese subjt ct and widow Pascal
Martin a sailor of the United States navy,
to whom she was married in Shanghai in
IS!>5. 'I firec children wore born to the
couple. The widow will receive p.r
month and the children $2 ■•-: month each.
Almost every other country furnishes ono
or more pensioners to Uncle Sam. but until
today China was without a representative.
Rupture Cured.
! Satisfaction guaranteed; no knife; will
have to see patient once a week. Dr.
Tucker. 10 Broad street. Atlanta, Ga.
i Aberdeen terriers aro driving out all
1 other fashionable pet dogs in London.
EQUIPPING fIWY
FOR TRE FIELD
j Secretary of War Alger Writes a
Letter Describes the Work
in Every Detail.
ALGER WRITES TO DEPEW
Chauncey Depew Secures Information
from General Alger and Gives
It to the Press.
New York. August 21.—Hon. Chaunrey M.
Depew has received tlhe following letter
from the secretary of war, and lias con
sented to its publication. The letter, whicn
was written In reply to a request for in
formation on the subjects referred to, is
as follows:
“War Department, Washington, August
13. 1898.—My Dear .Mr. Depew: The great
pressure of business has up to now pre
vented mo from sending to you tiie state
ment you were kind enough to ask for,
as to what had been accomplished in til©
way of outfitting the army for t'he field,
tlh. conduct of campaign, etc.; also the
chiefs of divisions have been too much
driven wit., work to compile tile data re
quired. One not in tiie midst of the work
can hardlj t< i lz< vhat an undertaking
it is to eail 125,0i0 men into the D Id .1 one.
time, coming from all the states, and to
have them mustered and gathered in camps
on so short notice, and ibis, too, w'li'-n we
'had scarce any camp outfit for their ac
commodation, all having to be provided f"r
by the war department, and, as you know,
when war vas declared, there. wis
no equipment whatever forth«
volunteers in stor. That this was
successtully accomplished with very
few accidents, is a matter of record.
Subsequent calls in regu'ai army (which
numbered about 27,000 men when wat was
declared) made a total of 26 v :.SCO men. To
accomplish all in so short a time 'lias l>. "it
a great work, of ceiirse gathering C.:
vast number of m. i' tegether. in a iar,
measure, under untra'ii' d t■ ■ menl 1 ■ ■
company commanders I ne m in act' a.
i,. Id duty- the. lack of knoiv
sanitary conditions to !• ; observed,
carelessness in not ob.-ctA ,nr jn':ru. tioii-,
v. hich wer. furn du I as to proiier care
of the men. has added gi'. atly to the wor.v
of th© medical department.
Inquiries Are Numerous.
“Thus from the homes of 216TH' volun
teers arcst tiie e< nstan: and great anxiety
as to what mig'ht happen to their soldier,
and hundred of inquiries made by lef . rs
and telegrams h.ixe been received every
day concerning individual soldiers. The
feeling on the part of these individuals that
the war department is responsible lor toe
care of their men Individually, has natur
ally aroused sympat'hy in case of sick
ness and death, and has created much sor
row There is nothing young men in ro
bust lhealth are us prodigal of os their
health, until it is gone. .Men go into camp
feeling that they can stand anything and
everything and cannot be made to .icli.'ve
to tiie contrary until stricken with dfa" . = ■•.
Everv effort has been made from fine be
ginning to furnish every camp with all ap
pliances asked for. but of course ce n-
Landing officers in the Held are the ot es
who have all t'he directing of the nu n. or
insiance one army corps command.© has
given orders and enforces them, respect
ing sanitary affairs, and he has today but
ti frqetkm ov« f 2 por cent on the sick list.
Others have been b-ss successful, and t'he
consequence is typhoid and otn. r levers
have be. n bred and spread to a ‘•'> 'sid
<’ribie extent one regiment ;n the < hfk
aniauga camp has a colonel who enforces
sinltarv rules in 'his regiment, obliging the
men to’boil all the water they drink, keep
ing the camp cleanly, and the result is less
than twentv-five sick, and his camp, too,
is in as unfavorable place as any in tiie.
command. Others more favorably sit
uated have ten times that number on tho
sick list. One of th© regiments of th©
last call, not yet removed from its* state,
bitter romplalnts of typhoid lexer.
Santiago Campaign.
the Santiago campaign, when
the ships left Tampa they Lad on hoar«l
three m< nths* provisions an«l an abund
ance of hospital supplies. They had light
ers to unload with at points of d* barka
tion. These lighters were lost in severe
storm on the way. As soon as we were
notified of the fact two tow-; u'J lighters
were sent from Mobile and New Orleans,
which were also overtaken by storm and
lost.. The navy supplied us with liguiters
and one of these was wrecked. Ihe a.iiny
disembarked, g- tting oil a porti"n ol its
supplies and medical stores, and inline
diutely inarched to th© front to light Span
iards Th© great difficulty of landing sup
plies subsequently was that till© wind
sprang up everv morning it 10 o'clock
and made a high sill f, rendering almost
impossible the use of small boats with
one lighter which was all they bad b it
for this purpose. Os the packers Vi no
were employed, 60 per cent soon fell sick,
and heavy ’ rains 'falling every day the
roads, if they could be called such, liecame
jmpa; able for vehicles, and pack animals
bad to lie employed to carry food to the
army, which being extended to the rignt
around Scintk'-go, increfu?cd the dlsttuico
from tile coast every d. y and made tl.o
task mere difficult. However, the result
-.nd the subsequent sickness that lias
broken out in the army showed t'ne great
wisdom ,‘f Genera! Shatter in moving for
ward to make tiie attack while his men
were in vigor. It was a movement bor
dering on audacity, but i' succeeded, an",
tiie persistence of the attack. I have no
doubt gr< itly di:- heartened the Spaniards
The result was one of the greatest vic
tories tor the men engaged of moilert.
wai'fare. Tile number of prisoners taken
, xceeded thi tt k n fori ■ bv n< trlj
two to one. When yellow fev T brok< out
and tiie fever list incr • tsed into the thou
sands, 1: was for a time supposed that
it was principally yellow fever.
Handling- Sick Carefully.
“The bringing of tiie troops north at
once a'fter the surrender, under such condi
tions. would have been certain death to a
vast number, but upon inquiry it was as
certained that very few of these cases
comparatively were yellow fever, when It
was at once decided to bring the army
home as speedily as possible. Everything
that human ingenuity could devise has
been done to succor that army—not inge
nuity of ihe secret.iry of war. but the re
sult of the combined counsel o's those who
have bad a life-long experience in the
la id. That sonic men have been neglected
on transports coming home there is no
doubt ill against po. itive orders and dun
perhaps to carelessness and negligence,
but largely on account of not having tho
medical f'.ree Io spare (many of whom
v. >re .' •■]<) from the camp at Santiago.
Many modi, al officers sent with trans
ports were taken ill cii the way home.
"To give you a little idea o's tiie work
that l as bciii dnii' , I append the follow
ing:
"The work of the adjutant general’s de
partment has b -en ;o muster and order to
their station, to b.- precis.'. 216.400 volun
teers, and 21,000 for the regular army.
Tills with a reduced force, as many staff
officers front all of tiie de;.; rtments ha 1
been promoted and ordered to tho field.
"Tiie chi 'f of engineers reports on ex
penditure of J.'i.SUO.OOO for harbor dof.nses,
building empl: cements of heavy guns,
mortar batteries and mines.
"The surgeon general has the enormous
work of fining up hospitals, organizing the
medical corps, employing mail and female
nurses, contract siirg.ons, being surgeons
who are employed from civil life, besides
those commissioned as corps, division and
brigade surgeons, furnishing mo.l.eal sup
plies and answering the demands from all
over the country and from camps at San
tiago. Porto Rieo and ’Manila. Tiie work
done in this line is almost beyond com
prehension.
Rations Distributed.
“The commissary genera! had purchased
and distributed up to August Ist 110,!W,235
pounds of rations, which have been trans
ported ami distributed to all armies in the
field and at Santiago, Porto Rico and Ma
nila, besides the large quantity distributed
among the destitute Cubans.
"The quartermaster general’s report is
too long to even give an approximate idea
of his work. In the way of transportation
to Honolulu, Manila, Santiago and Porto
Rico and return home there have been
sent 82,638 men, with artillery equipment
and supplies. By rail In this country there
has been transported !',700 olfi is. 2: ■I.I'SJ
enlisted men; also 40,5’2 animals, besides
' thousands of wagons, artillery and other
. quartermaster, commissary. ordnance,
medical and signal service stores. The to
tal number of articles of eamp equipage
| distributed to the army by the qu
master’s department lias been 0.271.1'’:. of
which 1 can only’ mention a few articles,
as follows:
“Blankets, 258.739: blouses, 2X3,702; trous
ers, 406,423; hats, 334,100; canvas field uni
forms, 83.200; shoes, pairs, 511,378; under
shirts, 73O.|Hfi; tints, 179.112, etc.
"The total weight of food and forages
distributed daily to the. army is approxi
mately 900 tons.
"Added to this is the large fleet of trans
ports charter..! and purchased, the man
agement of the same in conveying troops,
supplies and ammunition.
“The paymaster lias promptly paid tho
army and is deserving of very great credit
for tiie work.
"The signal corps lias provided most ef
ficient service, furnishing cable, t'-legraph,
telephone and signal service to the different
commands in the field.
“If you had a day or two to spare, I
would like to sandwich in a little work
for you. I would like to send you those
statements in detail, which, 1 think, would
bewilder you if anything can. Sineevely
yours, R. A. ALGER
“Hon. Chauncey M. Depew, New York,
SUNDAY LYNCHING BEE.
Brooks County Citizens Shoot a Bud
Negro to Death.
Quitman, Ga,, August 22.—(Special.)
News was telephoned to town today to the
effect that a negro had been lynched on the
farm of Mr. S. S. Roundtrei ten inibs
north of Quitman last night The negro's
name was Tom Miller, who had been rec
ognized in the community as a bad chartu--
ter for years.
It seems that Saturday night some one
entered the room of and attempted to < om
mit a rape on a white l.'dj, in til. com
munity w
tain. The lady was asleep tit the time, but
was awakened by the cluteQi of (tie black
brute.
Her screams soon aroused her husban I.
wtii-o was in an adjoining apartment, and
he ran into his wife’s room, but not in time
to prevent the assailant from escaping out
of the window through which Io had •a
tered. The room was dark, and it was im
possible for the lady to tell who lher as-> i -
ant was, but a posse of the coolest and
best citizens of the community soon gath
ered and began work on the ease. I mo
small point followed upon another until a
positive ease was made out against the n
grom, Tom .Miller. ’l’llo ■ e was e.>m.-.d
of .oil. level-headed men. who would not
I act on suspicion. .
I It is said that t'he negro, when faced with
I the facts, made a full confession, and as a
result, was taken aliout yard
I where lie lived and ills body riddled with
bulk ts It is report i 1 t th
least a hundred bullet holes ;n the , ■:
’The lynching occurred tl
of where .Mr. Joseph Isom was killed du:
lug Christmas of 1594. and wHiose d. it a
caused what was known as tiie I.looks
county war.
WAS SHOT WHILE PREACHING.
Assassins Fill a Negro Minister with
Ugly Wounds.
Now York, August 22.—Th© American
Missionary Associ 11liin has recelx 1
patches stating that Rev. J. B Fletcher,
a Congregational minister and one
missionaries, has been shot while attempt
to organize a Congregational church at
Smiley, Ga., which is about twenty miles
from his home at .Hagan, Ga. lie went
to Smiiey as the result of correspondence
concerning tho organizing of tiie church,
which has been carried on for sever.:!
months. XV hile in the pulpit he was shot
through th© window, his body being riddled
with 107 buckshot and several small shot.
Wounds Are Painful.
Savannah, Ga., August 22.—The shooting
occurred on Sunday night, August 7th,
while Fletcher, who is a colored minister,
was preaching at Smiley. The wounds
were painful, but not serious, tlhe shot
being small. Several arrests have been
made, but as yet there has been no evi
dence on which to convict.
PAJfDO WAS
Isl jVIEXICO
Object of His Visit Is to Col
onize Spanish Soldiers
From Cuba.
FEAR TO RETURN TO SPAIN
Rich Mexicans and Spaniards Back of
the Scheme to Colonize Forty
Thousand. Spanish Soldiers
Upon Their Vacant
Lands.
City of Mexico, August 23.—(Special.)—
The visit of General Tando, second in com
mand of the Spanish forces in Cuba, has
attracted much attention among the of
ficials of tin? Mexican goverr.ment and the
people intir.sted in the Spauish-American
conflict.
Sine© his <i parture it has leaked out,
through a prominent. Spaniard who had a
long interview with G< neral Pando, that
Ids visit was for an entirely different pur
pose. He came on the invitation ot tiie
members of tin: Spanish coA>nj to investi
gate a sch< nte for colonizing a larg- part
of the Spanish troops, now in Cuba, on
the great tracts of land In Mexico owned
by Spaniards, part of these hinds located
on the isthmu.s of Tehuantepec, and along
tiie gulf of .M'.xie i in t,.’ vicinity of 'l.im-
Tiic proposition was »o bring at least
50,000 men and . olot'dz. theia. The Spanish
.■ ■ . :. havi b told what w uts a
when they return to Spain without money
or homes. They will suffer greatly. They
are accustomed to a tropical country, and
would make ideal colonists. The member.!
oi tii.j Spanish colony who are interested
would furnish money for transportation
and s upport the plan.
General Pando h id a number of confer
ences with promim nt Spaniarils, including
the Spanish minister, .M.irqu s Bendan i,
Tclesforo Garcia and Dellino S.indhes, The
latter two are own. ’- of large tracts < f
ropl c a 1
ferences is not known, but J’undo was
struck with rhe feasibility of toe scheme
am! siid in confidence to prominent Span
iards that it would admirably settle a num
ber of questions bmherte-r ■ 'vernmint.
Mexicans Are Not Afraid,
Some j. ai was c.xpr. :-:.-e,i i. cause so many
soldiers mig'ht be used in .starting an in
surrection in tltis country, but very few
government officials hold this view. Tho
Diaz gox < I'lmieui is too strong, and besides,
the Spaniards would in all probability be
SL-attered all over the country, and unable
to ma.-.s tog. J.ier in sufficient numbers to
cause serious trouble.
General Pando left immediately for Vera
Cruz, and is now in Havana, but will sad
for Spain in a day or two. While here he
also held conferene. s with the representa
tives of t'iie Spanish papers El t'orr.o
Espanol and El Correo D< Espana for the
purpose, of influencing them to advocate tho
abdication of the queen reient on account
of t'iie declaration of peace. Since his de
parture all the Si-tauish pap ■ have come
out strong for her abdication. All tho
Spaniards interested in colonization are ex
tremely wealthy men, and the Spanish col
ony in Mexico is the wealthiest class of
foreigners. ROBERT S. BARRETT.
7