Newspaper Page Text
12
t “pOTTON
is the name
of a valu-
able illustrat
ed pamphlet
which should
be in the hands
of every planter who
raises Cotton. Ihe
book is sent Free.
Send name and »ddrr*« tn -tr
GERMAN KALI WORKS. ; ;
Nassau New V sek.
A Clear Head;
good digestion and a ripe old
age arc some of the results of
the use of Tutt’s Liver Pills.
An Established Fact
An aljsolutc cure for sick head
ache. malaria, sour stomach,
constipation .dyspepsia, bilious
ness anti kindred diseases.
TUTT’S Liver PILLS
fN l**> AN OC V IH«<-wver,« given
Lx r» L* T quick rMlriewlcntve wore*
r-* ' ' ■ * ''" ■ .ueilnH «n*l !•* <l****'
troUinOit Ir-v t>r.ll 11-Oi-di'* »***n*.lM.X U.Atl.nl*.
BfoXTGIN Fit FK • ■ nlnHr day. trial. thiM can
•p-rat-tt. BMUHO' litrmlng’mm. Ata.
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION’S
CLUBBING LIST.
tr. yrrornt herewith «w offer tn stibscrl
fo*r, Kirin* the beet value In reading matter
for JI 00 an! sllghtlr al *'* that sum. that
ean iwewtMr bur. S*n*t your Ku.-ea In
w ith your aube rlptl. n. Order your j renilum,
tew, I-<1 It rju*t delay ami V* ration to you
.nt nukes a heal- ■■( useless, extra work fcr
•>» If you watt until afterwar ls to enter your
premium. Finish tt up all at > r.e time. The
|‘oaili:mt are itbrs! In guud Inlth. if they
are r» t wanted, the price el The Vonriilution
Is not r»-iuce.l thereby.
The Weekly Constitution. SI: American Ag
riculturist. w«ekly. The ideal farm ami
family I—l-r. logular prt.-e • I lr th pnpera. 12.
XX r ren-1 forth .ne year for 11.
Far 11.18. In a-1111.-n to A inert* nn Agrtciil
turallsl. w> »lit.-nt Hcme-rta.le Contrivances,
e I-■ K <t 650 dr—ertldn* over I 000
han*!:- art tunc-s in! talasr-aaving devices
fcr the farm, r*ri-n. dairy an.l workshufk
It th yap* r> one y. ar -*nd the book delivered,
pus tax- pall. for only 11.18
XV e r The Sunny S-**lth with The Cvtl-
MitMk-r.. both for <t>e year. f. r 11.25-
W <4f.r The buuthern Cultlvatx anl I'ltlt
Farmer with The C.n»titutk>n one year for
only 41.25
The National Watchman. Senator Slew
art rr at Silver 1 ter. with The Weekly
< It 25-
T:«e Inter-State Ft ultrytaar published
tn*>thiy at Tit Un. Ohio, with Weekly Cun-
Mliutiun one y-..r only 11.00.
The Farnt an 4 fo'lr*sl*le with The Conrtltu
tl* n ■ nly JI. tncl'l Ur* the "St.indarl <V> k
b • ay "Ttufolneon t*ru»*-." «*r Pilrnni.
Frog re--." only v* book with each rul*M.ilfo
tk.li: take your ch*dee.
lima.- and Farn* of IwnitavlWe, Ky.. with
Th- *.r®»t tuition. Is •■nly 11.
Tlat w«kly C-ir-Mltut'. n. with box <’f tins
tcilet artieww. ri xaarlli. • product*, only 11.
The Weekly Constitution. with American
Swlneher*!. I--th one year - nly 11.
The Weeklj- t'onstl’utlon with The Rural
X- w Yorker, both --ne year. SI 65.
The M-mphla C.-mme— lal-Appeal anl W’eek
ly •■•net!tut 1- a ne year. II 25
The Week!, C* n«titutl--n with Th* Trl-Stat*
Farmer. <f «*batt.*n* - it*. T-nn.. only 11.
The Atlanta >*■ natltntl<*n Almanac anl
Weather Foocaat f**r 1899. tvsue-t quarterly
durin* the -ear; Januar*- humt-r 25 c-nti
during the year. Price 3a cent* by the year.
January number 25 cent* An erx-yvl- i—lia
volume of 500 pages of *,*ri«-atturil. rilteial.
»tati«tl--al. hl«t*>rl cl. p* luteal and rener.,l
Inf* miaiKti. cwnpil**! f. r the every.lay uee of
everyday , -I h-. The Jaruary Almanac and
Th- Weekly Owwtltutlon <-ne rear far ||.
Th- *»<-tl.wr**<r.*n. an > ■ client le-nie month
ly. publirh-J lr New Y rk. with The Weekly
Coti»Tttu*ion me year. <nly SI
The W.'man’y H- me C**tn|ianl<m. ro long of
fered at 11. v «h Weekly Constitution on*
year wil be arM now f-r II 25. Puhll«hors
claim to have tmtmov-d It yreatly. (No bocka
ibr|ued wtth t! se »ul-ccriptlx.-.)
The Youth's Cjnpanlon. with Weekly Con
■titutiom < ne year, cnly 12 25
< 'owm*'p<-litan Maea ir-. with Weekly Cr>n
rtltutt-n •ne year, only SI 25. Thtr 1* the n-w
rlfer. anl ap;-f*-s only to rutwrlberv sendlnq
their own ekt— rlptl-.-v- in -Ureet. No
c**mmts»t*n alluwvd. <>n- fr— ramplo of nia*-
arlne r-nt to i*artle» dealrlu* to inspect it
with a view <f sut *-rlbtntr.
The Standnr! f«erlKner at Farhl-ti. Fnm-y
W.ek and Millinery, with The Weekly Con
stitution. rn- y-ar II 50-
Th- Weekly C«nstlti:tton with bl arnyhy ant
afr*eeh>» of Henry W. Grady, in eendetued
bandy v* l ime, JI.
The Fe!f-Pn n unelny Trach-rs" Rtl.’e. wtth
Tt- Weekly <’• netltutl- n one year. 12 50
Weekly «’■—»ti’utl-n one year, with “Napo
leon's Mar»h-:*'' a han-lnme l*r hum. sev
enty-* r.e lane* p-vr**. leautlfully llbiKtrr.te-i
tr m the "!llurtr*‘-d American" pr-m; p.—t
ay- prepsi I. only SI.
Rani. M Nally * Co.'s n< w 1899 Vnlte.l
Ft*ter mat. with trap of the w«rl 1 <-n rarer**
sld* * ares llr lr.-! »••! 45x66 1- I.a. || V e r I
all chant* - ir-i-al l. with Weekly Ccnstltut: ri
.-a ymr. ratlr 11.90-
Man n Harland'* "Rlt» r.f Common Sense"
Seri**, four han ly v.dumes. 125 |*a«trs each
tncbei ? • ■ .. .
tulirs. * m -‘ tc;lcs. hi- hI; m.-imy. m-nt
ar.*l cnrklnK hint?, by tht» 'liatlrurufsh*-! RU .
th* r. with Weekly C.-nytituilon sne year only
’'The Farm J* -irnal. of p- lladelphfa, f„ T
«5» years, with Weekly Onrtltutlon one «|i
year, only SI- The Farm Journal la a nunth
ly pap-r
The Henty Ronks, arr one volume „{
b**-k» f'-r vouny ye- pie. wrltt-r t-y <;
llenty. Order by number "nly. "Henty |,~
•'H-nty 8." etc., ete. I.lst has been "puh
hehel frequently. One I k wtth P 4, h Rljb .
scriptten. m> other premium. <nly ||, with
tkeekly Constitution --ne year.
The Planters' Art math* Accountant, a r>|en
dM rvwister for farm ar. unts. receipts an l
expen-llturvs. herd, poultry an ! swine b. v w
ecmbtne-l. with Weekly Cvnstttutlon one year
only 12
Th* I.lKh’nlnw Caleul.Hcr. t.w w tuns ant
nlcklnK e<-tt« n. .anl s*.. nr c. n *«•: Vai*:.,,
ble tables already wrrfce.l .. u t for ynu.
ertnK all ”»* with We**k-
lr Con-tttutbm one year, only J 2.
Th* rm v-ps Whin, a platte-1 leather whin
ten feet b<*K. mad* r.f best maferUla
paaranteed in all *b.«,.
S 2 50 anywh-rv. Th-!-* sr|.-4M whip, wlffo
W'ekb Cnnrtltutlcn one year, only 12 50
Weekly C.m«rltutl*mr-ne year, wtth 'Vomra
r-r.e wtth a S r«. Frank I. S’ant- •_> |*t...*
anl m*-»t beautiful porms. nicest ditto,,.
t-al.l rnly S 2
w; -are t- M-le throe premiums Rrnp IfeM
,*,.! Hlrh Arm S-wtn* Ma-Mnc* with al] at
tachment* fr*l«ht pr-pabl. with The Weekly
< , r.rtlt’itl' n -ne year. "f-W 120 -an I »?2
Premium N"- 7■r I*- 8 c-- i< s*. -* -,. wl*h
rhirtv ut-roil’ tfretyht r. t pnld hr nsl. with
e,.. Weekh c* n‘’lfiti* n one y»ir. only 813 „
tIA .ar-•-Uns to which v-q order >
t*rew-lums tru«t t>* tak*n tuat as thev nr—
s.lvertleed- T< '” -übstftute part Xo»
" -j,rt «f anntteer offer.
Special—A» premiums are handled enlv to
•Id suteertt-tl'tw Y< 1 can set any one r.f th
iL*r-.Vim’ fr** »T ron Hne In ciuh. <d various
• l\.e f- rn two to OOC hun lr-M Write >ls W hat
±Tvan' and we will tell r. „ *|,.. Mle
iluh PS will ha»** to sc-ure. We buy M
.Hrteealc price* and can beat the Jews on a
We will slv. you the advat a(r e" c f
•very lerri'n W* secure.
r»n all iremlums •■ff*-n*l at-*-.--* sronts r-t*!*,
th**ir wsnsl commlssicn. except t'<rmcpolitan
**jj' w pr*-mlum entabvtue 'f all nor elubfolnK
*n*r* nr.d pretnlutr.s will l* r nt free on «p
--rbTtlon. as ~«n a. tt Is nubu*h-l
all •■rders to Th- • -institution, n-ver
tQ an imlivldual. S-n*l Jour SI directly, or
thr* ush th— focal ar-nt,
Remlt by |*ostal money order, -xptros or
resist*red letter.-wh— -In w.* awume all risk.
TIIK CON'STTTt'TION.
Atlanta. Ga.
nn SSL
■■■ «. U|KQ * VT-p. 1 *.-<<•>
d tn ttoe* b*- tirrirriMA. L! ?
(pWWpWiW©
Notice to Inquirers.
L wrte plainly and to the point, xlvln* "nly
X <?nltn*‘ Inqiilrww strictly to matters OOD
<*rri«'*ot Ui* tarn*
X Jfo-v**r tor *™*w»rs liy matt.
XNr .-ar ask wbrrr -n artlcl** can t» had,
’ nor ths price.
t Aloavs «l»e >O’ir lull name anil afldrroi.
If ><*u do n'A wish your name published,
ear an. and Initials only a-IU t-» printed
X Car-fu.ly tile this pa*** for future refer
ence and before wrltlnx examine your
Ble to are If II baa not Lem* already a:i
•wasrd.
1. Took ahead and arnd tn y*iur Im*iirl*w
rally. Ho not expect «' to answer in
next paper." Hie editor must ban-1 tn
sols ropy a week tetore tbr paper P'*b
l*lw‘. , ..
X Ad.irres at! Inquiries and onmmnnlcattoM
tor U>ia de|4>rtn>eat t >
THE CONSTITUTION.
,F. and F. Department.)
GOOD STANDS.
THirtne my ten years' experience on the
Experiment Station farm I have l»een
more an<l more Impressed every year with
the Importance of iiavinir a stood "stand;"
whether of corn or cotton. |<eas or pota
toes. or wha-t not. It pays to have
ni'seinK hills unless vrifflnitlly planted or
spaced too thick. I have heard farmers
say that a half stand of cotton w!" make
more than u full stand. Hut. aside from
the fact that such a claim is nonsensical.
1 have never known such farmer delilicr
alely io reduc** his full stand to* a half
stan*l. It Is doubtless sometimes a fact
that a full stand as oriKinaily intend**!
would prove to be too close, but It would
be a very rare thin* for either accident
or *l*'*i|rn to reduce such a stand so that
the ri'sultant yield would be greater. If
a fanner plants his corn 4x2 when 4x3
would have given better results he cannot
cure the defect or ntrleve the error by
r»“movlii(* every other stalk, for that
woud leave it 4x4—too wide for a full
crop. It, moving every third stalk in eacn
r >w. would hav* exactly the same num
ber of s:a.ks as wou.*i result from having
a perfect -stand 4x3. but the yield would
not be as satisfactory.
As we wrote not long since. It is pretty
c* rt.iin that every year the stand of co’-
1 in is more or less defective- not enough
I .ants <m the land. iVh*n the soil is <•.*-
pable of producing l.**Ai pounds of se-d
i-otton per acre with proper fertiilxiog.
or without it. anti the rows three feet
wide, the stalks eh *u d not b- farther
apart than Jo or 12 Inches. Two stalks
Ik inches ai>art will not make up the <!••-
liel.-ncy. in fact, it Is doubtful if two
stalks will make any more than one stalk
In the hill.
What has b* en said applies equally to
corn. la*avlng tw<» plants hi a hill wil
not make up for a sf.Uk missing in the
next hill.
I therefore urge upon fanners extra
ordinary care tn working corn and cot
ton the first time, for then is when the
stand, already s*cure*i Ly proper plant
ing. is lost by care ess working. Tie-re
is many a hoe or plowhand who will
carelessly destroy more cotton or corn
(stands) in a day than his day's work is
worth. A plowman t'*o <-ar* iess to stoop
and uncover a hili of < **rn or cotton
should be spoken to mildly the first time,
sternly the second tim** and discharge!
the third time. The same !» true, an*l
more so. In th** case of cotton. «J > over a
field that has t»e* n "put to a stand” by
three or four **r more h-ichands without
su|H-rvislon. You will find tw<ce, <»r even
three times, as many pants left in some
rows as will la* found in others.
-BREATHING EASIER.”
During the past four months th** corre
spondence of this department lias been
heavier than for uny similar pcrio*! within
the six years of, or since the present
editor took charge. Th* re are always more
letters received during th** winter and
early spring, but never before so many
as during the period just pass**!. I take
this hs an indication of *i growing inter
est on the part of farmer readers and
an Increasing demand for Information 0:1
all subjects contu-cted with agriculture, or
even remotely r*lat«.l to it. It may
not l«* vanity on the part of this editor
to assume that this Incr* is* 1 correspon
dence is also imlicatlve of the apprecia
tion and *<>nfidence of tin* farmers, re
garding tin* work done by the editor. I
wish to assur** the friends and readers
of Earm an*! Farmers department that
my work has been largely a "labor of
love,” although acknowledging the receipt
of a ri*as**i>able remuneration from the
management of The Constitution. The
three to six columns that are usually’ re
quired do not suggest to the uninitiated In
n*-wspaper work-a large amount of labor,
in fact, how* ver. an answer to an Inquiry
only an inch long will sometimes have
Involved an hour's work. .Many corre
sp. ndents evidently s*** in to think that
th** questions, or a large proportion of
them, are answered by other «-*.rr*>spon*l
- This I* not true to the extent *<f
5 J** r v ntiim. I always endeavor to
promptly give the Information sought for.
T*> insert a question and rely u|>on hap
hazard replies would involve an uncer
tainty and delay that would very greatly
detract from the practical vaiu** of an
inquiry department. I do sometimes (per
haps not as often as I should* "give it up”
and say ”1 don’t know.” and turn the
naked •jucstion over to th** renders. Oc
casionally. and sometimes quite promptly.
su**h unanswered inquiries ar** replied to
by * *me kind .subscriber, for which 1 am
always grateful.
Th.* questions that are asked nn*l the
topics sought to be introduced are often
so remotely related to farming that they
cannot fairly claim kin. Sometimes the
subject Is total foreign to any branch of
agriculture. While such are outshle of
the printed rules standing at th** head of
this il.-partmcnt, I often take pleasure in
giving th** desired Information if within
my knowledge or easy of access. But it
is astonishing, and sometimes amusing,
to w hat extent somo readers repose contl
*!• nee in on editor. On*.* would think
that the editor is posted on every sub
ject. from theology to '‘mumble peg;”
from astronomy to coon hunting; from
rhetoric to "domlles," If such one could
read all the letters that come Into th"
sanctum during th.* year. Os course many
such letters are laid aside for some future
use; others ar** replied to by private let
ter (when a st.-inip<**l ad*lress*‘*l envelope
Is supplied) and occasionally one is
printed.
On tli.* whole, the relations between this
editor and th** writers of letters of inquiry
have ln*en cordial and pleasant. The ed
itor is obliged to study in order to be
prepared for the great vnrletv of ques
tions, even when they relate strictly to
farming. He -finds it more nnd more easy
to give information, especially after the
same quest! >n has ix-eii answered several
times.
I want to say that I enjoy the work
thoroughly. It is a source of gratifica
tion that its character is essentially up
building and helpful to our agriculture
and to agricultural humanity.
Will mv readers pardon this little per
son.. ta k? H J- R-
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION: ATLANTA, GA., MONDAY, APRIL 30, 1900.
I FARM CORRESPONDENCE.
Handling Milk and Churning.
Dr. 1., I*. Clement, ttcee, Ga.—Please
give an epitome of how* the housewife
should manage the milk for churning.
T*mp**rat ur** kept liefore nml at churn
| ing. Is it not injurious to the quality of
milk ami butte? In winter to pla-e th**
churn so close b**f*»r * a )i*»t tire In for**
churning until you can’t bear your hand
*>n it? Also to pour in quantities of very
hot water at some time? Does It not
make whit**, crumbly butter, seemingly
without oil globules by taste?
Answer—Suppose we commence witli the
operation of milking. Indeed, we might
go back mu- li farther ami discuss the
merits of different breed., of cattle, and
particularly the feeding, but it would
•eke this reply too long. I will say,
| >. ‘Wevvr. that so far as the quality of
' the butter is concerned much more de
pends on th** pr*>p*T handling of the milk.
| from tit** moment of milking until the
; butter is placed on the table.
The milking should in* done by the
I same person, as far a-s possible, and al-
I ways at tile same hour of the day. Strain
Hie milk as soun as drawn through two
I thl<-Kness<*s of thin cotton, or on** <»t
1 tliin w<>*>l< n cloth, it then should oe put
1 into a crock, or into a <l*** p can. ami set
1 the same into cold water (cohl a* possi
i ble), so as to cool It as quickly as possi
ble. In about thirty-six hours it will be
< ready to skim. It is much Lett* r to dip
| off th.* cream and not chum the entire
I milk, and the cream should then be still
kept in vessels surrounded by cold water.
' Stir tin* cream occasionally ami when it
! begins to taste slightly a* I*l It is ready
to churn. If much cotton seed or <<>ti*>n
! seed meal has been used in the ration
tie- eti .im -d>oui<i be at about 6K degrees
in w!nt*-r ami *'*.'> ilegrees In sunttn* r be-
I for.* churning is Itegun. If no <>tt*m seed
; products are fed th.- ,-r, am should
down to <2 or <53 degrees when churning
’commences. A dairy th*rm*>m>-t*-r. cost
ing 25 cents, is indisjwnsaba* to determine
I th** t*-mp«‘r:iture. Th** churnii'g room
■ should i*e <*ool. Churn alow,y so as to
I bring the butter in about thirty or forty
mln ites. Stop churning the gran
| ub s of butter are al>*>ut the size of radish
se**l. It whole cream was churned ft will
lx> necessary now to thin the buttermilk
by adding som<* thin, skim milk* using
I part of tile milk from which the iTe.-iin
I was attained. This enables the granules
' of butter more easily to rise to the sttr-
■ face, if the butter comes in a pasty
i mass it Is evidence that the . ream was
I churned at too high a temperature, or
, tlie .burning was too violent. It tb<*
granules se* m too hard ami not disposed
I to adhere, ft is b< auae the cream was
too cohl. It ts lietter to draw off the
I buttermilk by means *»f a hole near the
! lH>ttom of the churn. Th* n add .-old well
!or spring water to til*' burn about
mii.ii as tli. quantity of buttermilk that
was drawn off. Stir It a t<*w turns ami
ilraw oil' the water. Rei>eat with fresh
water once or twice, or until it runs on
marly clear. Then take up lit.- butter
witli i colander ami place into a bowl
or on a butter w**rk« r. ami work a little
t«» r*-m*>\'** most of th** «at**r. I li* ti add
■me <|Ull< *• of pure salt to each P'lund <>t
butter and work lightly with a pa.ldle, . r
1 lover, until the salt is well mixed, it the
! hotter app. urs streaked it is mainly due
to a failure to thoroughly Incorjiorat* the
stilt, ami it should Im work' d over next
I '* If tn.* butter is whit**, or not suttici* ntly
*'oi*.r*.!, as is apt t<* be the *'tise in win
ter or when no green fo*ni Is avail a i»l**.
V'ti •an either us* tli*- regular butter
.‘ ..l-.r or add the diluted Juice of a grated
' carrot to the cream tin night before
. burning and stir thoroughly. One goo*}
sized highiy colored carrot will atford
1 juice enough to color ten pounds .4
i But th** r* gular l*utter color used by ah
dairymen and .retiiinrlis is more
iiient and is pe*f* t y harmb-s A .-ill!
io-tt.*r way to *<>l**r the butter is *o
have a good supply of green food every
i ’ll is certainly very Injurious to the
quality of the butter to set tlt*; _* rm k <*r
churn by th.* tin- and halt 1-. in*
i cream or milk should nev**r l>e an.
. warmer for . turning than the t. tnp ta
ture of a r'*<*ni that is just .■omtortai»lv
warm. Seahllng water should not b
pound into the cream or milk in order
t.. get it up to th.* right temperature.
The richer the er* am tl*«* low.-t tae t* m-
■ H-rature **< vvhi hlt may be churned.
Tit.* butter should n. ver be lot.* h* <1
with the hands. ~.,„4 . ,iav
AlHiitt green iood: Kve i- I’* l J' iv
good; l.arl. y is mu h better; lue* rne bet
i.-r -ttd. vet. h*-s alt.i.-t a.- good as lu
ertu* "ne or the other of th. foregoing
mav be im.l during . very month in the
v**nr. This ver.v day I witnessed th.*
weighing **r th.* first . uttmg of h*- rm
<>n a small measured, average squat •
The yield was at th* rat.* of pounds
.4 green lucerne p.*r acre.
Calculating Analyses.
vv I! King. Columbus, Ga. In von'-
I formulas for fertiliz. rs how do you
out the analysis, for instance tor ett >n
Arid bhoaphate I*£» Pounds
Cotton nv .11 1
tb a a ytds A' ■ ■ "- 1
s S7 per C**nl. potash P* r v-nt. < t< • ■
V: : This -'.’-J. . t WM *1 acuMed a!
•eng’th two *.r three months ago. in
course it is understood that th.* .tn.tl.vsi,
' of each ingredient is known. Sun.--** tm'
add to contain 14 per cent ax.ul.ihh, ta
muriate 00 per cent potash, tit ■ «• *■• "a
meal 7 per .-nt nitrogen -'j I-' r - •>
phosphoric and I l ** per e-'ttt pu* ish. lit ■
taking the formula giv-n «•** .mi th
number of pounds <»f <h <•! th. tn.<
• va uaLie eb men’s as follow:*.
? t
ll.s. arid phos. gives
1 75 '.bs*. inuri. potash ‘*o L ’•<'*
7*o lbs. eott*>n meal 11 ■” J ■' _ ‘
- - _ 157» I- ■-> 4-
Now if the 1.775 pounds of tin* mixture
contains 157 .5' pounds of piio.spuort.* ;,.* 4
th« n each will < ont.un l .<. *«».
which divided by 17-75 equa s xs< or s.s*
per cent. an<! it the J.7.*» pound-, -r 1. ~
. hundredweight, contain C pounds <>t pot
! ash. earit hundred tsuinds would give Ik
.iivided by 17.7:7 or -.0. lhe pereent-
Uge of nitrogen is similar > found, di
viding th-* total poltmls of nitrogen id
17 75 the number of hundreds. . quais 2.7 u,
- or 2-75 per cent, or practically 2.70.
Cutting Wheat for Hay.
T.» J. R. Met”., Due West, 3. C-—Cut
the wheat for hay as goon as the grain is
i -in the milk.” The earlier th** pens a n*l
! sorghum are sowed for hay after the
middle of May the larger will be the
. yl.Vd of vln-s. Sow both t- gother, say
on** bushel of peas and one peek or sor
ghum. But poor land is a poor place to
make sorghum ha.v. Why not apply 2 •
pounds of guano p- r acre?
Wilil onl*-ns can only b<* destroyed by
clean culture In cotton, tobacco or some
other crop that nqulres ong cultivation.
Sprain of the Ankle.
R. E. L. Mclxo'l. Bush. Ala. I have
a mar.* that Is crippl-* In her front ankle.
Nitrate of Soda
has been adopted by the Agricul
tural Experiment Stations ull over
the world as the standard by which
to measure the availability of all
other forms of Nitrogen used as
fertilizers. It is the cheapest and
most concentrated fertilizer on :he
market. Full information to be
ha»l free by addressing John A.
Myers, 12-BX John St.. New York.
Nitrate ftM- tale byj< rtilizer iluilrrx tr t ry
where.
i Write at Once for List of Dealers
She has been cripple every since last No
vember. She had on a piece of a shoe a.nd
got the same fastened under a root and
fell down and sprained it. When I work
her the affected part will swell up and
get sore. Do you think there is any euro
for her? If you have a remedy or can
tel] me what is really the matter please
print the same and you will ob ige me.
Answer —If the ankle Is sore and swol
len bathe the part with either hot or cold
water for "half hour three times a day,
eacli time following with a lotion of half
an ounce of acetate of .lead, two ounces
of laudanum and one quart of water.
After lite swelling and soreness have
subside.! and lameness still continues rub
<m tin affected part a little of an olnt
m> tit composed of two drams of can
tharides and one ounce of vasel.n. Det
it temail! <m twenty-four hours, then
wash off and grease with clean lard. Re
peal every se*‘oiid week until cured. 7 oil
ean keep h- r in stall with head tied up
- while the blister is on, then turn out t>
, psature until the two weeks are out, and
so on. Don’t work until she gets we. 1.
Lice on Cotton.
Farmer." Blenheim. S C. —Will land
piaster or. lime sprinkled thinly over the
plants de* troy or prevent lice on cotton?
If so, when should it be used? If n-’t,
ploase give some cheap remedy that will.
Answer —No. Dan*l plaster will not de
stroy pl-int lice, l-’inely j*»wdered slaked
limo might destroy the lice if you «-ould
get It <>n them. But th** insect* are al
ways on the underside of the leives, and
there is no practicable way of teaching
th* tn with a powder.
Tite best temedy for lice is to upply
some soluble nitrogenous tertilizer in th**
planting lurrow with tile cotton s**e*l, so
*.s t,9 tor*' • tit** plants to grow off rapidly
un-l vigorously, lye • an* randy bad on
cotton planted on ri h or well fertilized
soil, it is a good idea to scatter about
tliirty or forty |»ounds of nitrate of soda
p* r tiiTi' ttlong tne rows immediately over
tin* |il*i*it**<! seed before they commence
coming up.
Cassava.
Jo** Nowles, Ashburn. < la.—Please an
swer the following quiries:
1. When should cassava root be planted
or bedded.
2. Should it be !•-Idi il tike sweet pota
toes and the draws set out. or is it to bo
I planted?
| :i. A** see it is against your rules to
’ answer Inquiries its to v hi re articles can
procured, but if possible let me know
I vvlutc I ••Pti get some roots.
: Answer—l. Cassava should have been
I plant **! In March.
2. 1: is n -l l-dde l ilk** sweet potatoes
ami "draws" set out. l'h<> Jointed roots
ar** - in in sections and p*attted where it
is to grow.
3. 1 do not know of whom you <*nn get
s****-i r iots. Try some of the seedsmen
n*lv< rti.ilng on this t«age. I’ett-r plant
I artichokes, in my judgment. There is no
I doubt about ilii tn.
Removing 1 a Brand from a Horse.
1 To J. A. 8.. Galn-svllle. Ga. 1. I know
I of n*> way to reniov** :t I,rand '.hat has
: Im*<*u burned in. There is no way to do
; it tint is practicable. Charge lb** fo>l <t'
yoiii* young mare, substituting oats for
half of -b* corn. Mill**t is no "har*b*r"
on Ititi'l th in sorghum, but. requires richer
soil to make a good crop.
Stringhalt.
’ To I. I*. Klrknatriek. Joi.es's Chapel.
I Ala S*ringholt is tn **bs<ur*' dis’as*- an !
I is gene ally incurable, unless dependent
| ,*n sotm* *lfs*,ise *>f tn*' 1-gs or f* -*t. ptr
; ti* iilarly th*- hen k. which is sometimes th,*
. case. You *lo not ,i**s rile* th** apparent
’ weakness of the hind parts s:>fii<*l**n’ly to
! enaitle me to sugges’ the cause of it.
Mare Eating Dirt.
To Mrs. .1. Grigg. Uster. S. C.—T can
) only suggest that th,* deprave-l app-xite
: may bi* elth**r a mor** or less confirmed
- habit, or it may indicate the forming of
, i st-4i** in tin* stom.i*h. For the ’fitter
: th-re is »1 . I tnedy. "X. **pt. j ossibly. to see
that th* animals y t only fr; ■ stone
wat* r.
I I think it Is t>r ifialdo that she Is moon-
I blind ami that her ,y. s.ght lias already
i I <•*•. me no* i> lni] ai *d. which .!<•■ mints
I for iter prii kfng up her * ai s and taking
frii hl It ’ n»t p »-ii le that >he will
i ever r*>cov**r from ti * moonblindness.
Black Rust of Cotton.
, w. B. I*. M- I'ont;* !’s* ide. S *”.—l. 1
hav** sum,, gra.v or indy land that will
mak*' good cotton if I can k>-*p it from
; taking black rust. Staid,- manure will
prevent it from taking black rust. 1 wish
b> know if a fertilizer known as cereallte
.will pr*v< nt it from taking black rust
and itow much ritould I use to th** acre,
ami when is the best time to put it on.
2. Is e,*r* lite a- go d top *!r* ss!ng for
i small grain as nitrate of soda?
i Answer—!. I cannot say positively
win ther "eer, aJit**" would prevent bla' k
rust on , otton on that or any other land,
but I do not believe it would. I would
•rm ila *• often r< comm* n i z
for * otten l.io pottmis acid phospha!.*,
75 pound- of niurlat. of potash ami 7”'
pounds of ,-otton meal. • xcept that I
I would substitute io*' pounds of kainit in
place of tin* muriat* of potash, and apply
s > as to get iT-mi to 400 pounds of
acid pliospliate per a-Te.
2. I do not think <ereallte would give
anything UK,* as goml results as nitrate of
i soda as a top dressing for small grain,
uni, -s applied in at least double the
quantity. I is prol.ab’e that < ,*realite
owes its virtu, chiefly to the* nitrate of
so,la it contains.
Diseased Teeth.
' To M. W. <;.. Stok sdale, N. C.—Your
i cow probablj lias a disease of the mem-
Idat*. utrounding th,* fangs of tile teeCh,
causing the* latt* r to iHS-ome loose. In
tli.* , -irly stages the , ondtt lon' may be re
bwed l-v f.-e.tnig s' •' f-',d. giving t* pld
water to drink, lam ing th* gums, a dose
of pii\si*' ti'-. pound- salts) and sponging
tli*- gm,l- dallj wit! tincniro of myrrh.
(Why did you not give your name?)
Teosinte.
To J. -B. Spradley. Childersburg, Ala.—
Se,* article in issue of April Hltli und**r
h.-ad of “Teosinte." Plant about time
I tli.* main crop of ,-orn is planted. But
th** art: 1, answers all your questions.
Poison Ivy.
W. T. C.. Hunter. -Via.—l lost a fine
young eow a few days ago from earing
ivy. Is there* anything tbit wil] counter
act tin- poison after they have eaten it
and got water and be*‘.:an to swell?
Answ, r—The usual remedies for poison-
I ous oak (or Ivy) is 1!» to 2 pints e>f lin
! s ,4 <4l or melt, ,! lard, 2 to 4 drams of
opium and copious draughts of flaxseed
. tea as soon as possible.
A Deaf Horse.
To W C. S . Globe, S. C.—l know of no
treatment that will relieve* deafness in
a hors,*, it may be due to a tumor of the
brain or tli,- nerve that leads Into the*
! brain from the ear.
Cough of Horse.
To .! White. Suspension, Ala.—A cough
Is only a symptom and not a disease it
self. Ther,' are many affections of tlio
lungs, bronchial tubes ami stomach that
t-iaj cause a cough. Possibly it is the
' I’eglnning of an attack of heaves, or
broken wind. You do not state* whether
she lias had an attack of previous dis
e.'i.o-, smb as strangles (distemper) of
other affection of tli*» lungs.
Girdling Timber.
Mr. N. 11. Potts wants to know:
1. At what time trees, such as sweet
gum, oak anil other large timber, to cause
them to <ll,*.
2. What will kill Johnson grass.
Answer—l. I hate never been able to
kill gum trees by merely girdling them at
any time. Always pile fuel around them
and burn through the bark and part of
the outside wood.
2. Write to Herbert Post, Dallas. Tex.,
for bls plan of destroying Johnson grass.
Fish Offal.
To B. T. Ronner, Idalia, N. C.— I am
not advised as to the best method of
using fish offal as a manure, such as
may lie procured from fisheries. Write
to the director of your station at Raleigh,
N. C.
Sweeney.
To J. J. D.. Sumterville. Ala.—ls your
mule has swecney it should do only light
work on soft soil, not on the road. In
case of swelling rub lightly with a lotion
made by dissolving ’(> ounce of acetate
( of lead.* 2 ounces laudanum in one quart
Insects and Plant Diseases
U/ritterj for She QjQstltucioQ by professor f\. C. Qualptapoe, Biolo
gist of ti?e (JeorQia r >*
It is intended to give a seriex of papers on the more important insects and plant dis
eases destructive to field and orchard crops in lhe south. Especial attention will be given
to the best methods of preventing these injuries, and the writer hopes that those who have
sustained loss from these causes may find this discussion of interest, and that they may be
able to reclaim, to a great extent, these losses. A set plan of discussion will not necessa
rily be adhered to, and any one desiring information on a certain insect or funcous disease
is invited to write to the editor of the F. & F. Department concerning it and the answer
will appear in due time. By this means those insects and diseases of most interest to
farmers and orchardists will receive earlier consideration than might otherwise occur.
TENTH PAPER.
PLANT LICE. OR APHIDS.
In a discussion of the p**sts of spring
garden an*i truck crops, plant lice come
in for a rather prominent share. Most
all crops are infested by them, ami in
varying degree. Their abundance is de
termined by many factors, prominent
amonff-Whlch ar** weather conditions, ami
th** abundance of their parasitic enemies.
Our most common plant lice are quite
soft bolted, greenish colored insects, ex
isting in several distinct forms in each
species, each form playing a peculiar role
in the history of the inse t. They occur
to a great extent in colonies, ami if a
colony of one of these species were to be
carefully examined during th** summer
months, it would be found to be mail** up
largely of wingless individuals. These
i I
Efg. 16. The Melon Aphis tjnv-ypID. Winsed
uiul Windless Form*,. After r**rhes.
wingless forms are femal**s, which are
strictly’ agamic, ami bring forth L’viag
young. The numb* r of young borne by a
single female is con. i.lerabl,*. and but a
feu days are required for th** young to
arrive at reproductive maturity. From
this it results that the offspring from
even a single agamic .sphis during a sin
gle s* ,i ,»n wii-alil amount t*> at, in**r***libl**
nntnlH'r. With such powers of reproduc
tion til' Sl* wingb-ss forms would soon
bring about th* ir own destruction by
causing the death of tin* plant lnf,ste.l.
To propagate the species wing* <1 imlivid
uals ar,* devilop***! from tim to tim**,
which migrate to oth* r plants ami start
new colons s by producing these wingless
Agamic forms. These winged individuals
ar** also agamic, and are known as the
wing**! agamli* form I'usually at tile
approach of cold w**ather. and the decline
of their food plants, true sexual forms
are produced, which in du** course lay
eggs, by wlii**h th** ins* <ts ar** carried
oxer the winter. From these winter eggs
are usually produce*! in spring th,* agam
ic wingl* ss form. There is mu h varia
tion in the life history of differ* nt spe
cies of npliids, but the abov** general
statements will apply to many Plant lice
tielidig to the true bugs, or th** ll 'inlp
tera. amt are provided with sucking
mouth part*. They insert their beak
ilown into tt.e tissues of th*' plant nml
pump up tin* sap. From this constant
drain, an inl*st,**l plant soon stops grow
ing. haves begin to curl, the plant wilts
and finally death may result. Differ,*nt
sp**ci**s of plant I!**,* attack different por
tion.* of plants, ami some sp« *•!• < have,
in resp**et to th*- region of atta* k. two
forms; thus tile PhyJloxera of tin- grape
vim* has a root form, whhh lives on th**
roots of the vine, stnd anotmr form liv-
of water—three times a day until th.*
swelling go, s down, but do not work it
ttan*
in, nt of I dram of , anthari.les and 6
drams of lard. Ritii in a littie once a
w*, k and do not work tlie animals but
very lightly.
Catching Suckers.
M. T. N’ayler, Oik Grov. . Miss —Tel!
Mr. J. I>. I’insoti, of Belton. S. (’., to
bait a <l* ep, still hole with tw * large
pones of f'ornbr, id. After three days
fish forth, in with mush ma,l,* of com
men! and cotton and he will In* pleas* ,1 I
with Sis In k. If lie will come t<, Kemper ,
county tin* middle "f next September and
tlsh with myselt and friend. Ding Davis,
hi* will always want to fish for suck, r-.
<1 hop,* Mr. Naylor will not prove to be
the “sucker."— Editor.)
Blind Staggers—A Cure.
K. 8.. Annis, Tex.—Split the skin of [
th** forehead between his i y, ; am! put I
in a |>ie *• of Spanish fly blister as long ;
ns th,* split and as wide as your lingei. |
Turn tin- edges of tin* skin ba k so that
the I,list* r strip will lie close to the
skull and folil the skin over it. 1 will
i'isur,* your hors** will l«* up eating in
les s than thirty minutes. As soon a< you
see be is ail right remove the strip of
blister |»l*i o r.
Cor nient—l <lo n,*t vouch f,*r the etii
ca* y of the :i?>ove treatment.
I have no use for th** article about play- ;
Ing cards. 1 have seen it in print years '
ago.
Tiling Land.
D. R. Crawford. Belfast. S. C—lnform
us through Th** Constitution concerning
the draining of lands, the size anil quan
tity of tilts to be used am] the depth
of ditches. I:i case of deep sandy lands, I
does the drainage prevent the soli becont- ■
ing mushy after rains? Does the soil
dry lietter froai tiles or ditches"'
Answer—lt would not bo practicable to i
give detail,*! itistru ti*,ns in regard to i
size of tiles, etc., in a letter of reasonable '
Poultry is the most profitable thing on the farm. It pays to take care of it the same as it does L
’J *o hoe the corn or pick the bugs out of the potato patch. Healthy corn stalks and potato vines jpS- N
j » p'u mean more corn and potatoes, when the crop comes. Healthy chickens mean more eggs, every
d’arazj’w day. The man who watches his poultry and occasionally gives them Black-Draught Stock and
Poultry Medicine gets more eggs to take into town or to “ trade in ” at the “ corner store ” than his
Jr 3 neighbor, who lets nis poultry take care of themselves. Poultry that is unhealthy is unprofitable. Z
A hen with a pale comb, rough feathers and morose disposition will not lay eggs, nor get fat. She Ks Y
is an expense, not a profit, to her owner. Put a spoonful of Black-Draught Stock and Poultry g J
Medicine into the dough that the hen eats, once a day. She will commence improving in flesh and L 3
ral laying in a few days. Black-Draught Stock and Poultry Medicine induces hens to lay by making H
r physical condition of the fowl what it ought to be. ta A
Kf
George Kilpatrick, Tallahassee, Fla.* "Your Black-Draught Stock and Poultry Medicine will make a W
» P° or man r ' rais i n . < ? poultry. i always lost about half my chickens by cholera, but since I commenced F
using the great medicine I have lost none. This year I have seventy-nine chickens and fifty turkeys, all 1
healthy, and have used only two boxes of medicine.'* V
k If your dealer does not keep it, send 25 cents to the laboratory of The Chattanooga Medicine 1
Co., at Chattanooga, Tenn., and a half-pound air-tight can of the medicine will be mailed you. !
For advice in cases requiring special directions, and ar. illustrated book on the treatment of
’K! stock and poultry diseases, address the manufacturers.
ifif , _ -,*''7. -- , , **X i_»n ' i fT:
ing on the leaves and producing galls.
Those who have examined aphiils at all
car,‘fully must have observed that ants
are almost always associated with them.
There Is much reason for this, as many
apfiiils excrete a sweetish, sticky fluid
or honey dew. upon which the ants feed.
In fact, ants attend these aphids as
zealously as men attend their cattle, ami
the apiiids may truly be said to be the
cows of the ants. This is no haphazard
relationship, as numerous examples
prove. The ants care for their cow
aphids in various ways, lu driving away
lady bugs and other enemies, ami take
precautions to insure their survival of
the winter. A case in point is the corn
plant louse. Professor Forties has shown
that a certain species of ant. Lasius
alienus, carefully collects the aphis eggs
I; t<* in the fail and tenderly cares for
them during tin* winter in their own sub
terranean gall,Ties As the plant lice
hatch in the spring the ants burrow down
along tin? roots of tile corn ami various
other plants and carefully convey aphids
down these galleries and establish them
on tlie roots of the plants. Ants play an
important part also In establishing new
colonies of aphiils here and there in a
field, by conveying the young and wing
less lice to Other plants. There can be
no question of the advantage which ants
derive from th** aphids, and In many
casts th** advantage of the att**n*lance of
tnese ants to tile aphids is even more
evident.
JTomiWy the two principal plant lice
pests to gulden and tru-k crops are the
melon b'use t*nd cabbage l>*use. There
ur*j >ceusiouuily other species that b* -
• ~m** injurious, bu: ihese -ilone will I**
mentioned. During certain s *:ts*4i.. the
melon louse (tig. I'*) liecome.s a most seri
ous nui.-ar>*e, particularly to cantabq>es.
which it attacks soon after they ap|.**ar
:.Im,v,* ground. The lower leav-s
.s infes’ed. and t lie first indication of la ir
presen**? is the cne-king id '.l l *' growth
of the plants, anl the Fl'.bscdueni.
• url’ntj ot b* l*Lirn*ino Ihv unucr
surf;****, of haves, when such arc the
.*\mpioins. and there will usually be r**-
veuie.l .1 colony of these aphids, all busi
ly < ngage,! in pumping up sap from Uie
interior of the leaf.
Tin* inf* station is begun by th.* winged
avamie form, which, inning into the field
Hom some of its various food pkints. set
tles down on one plan’ and U gins the pr >-
tiuction of tlie wingless young. As soon
its the colony is start* *l. 'he narent files
to anotb' r p ant and starts on- ’h r colo
ny. Ati I*, m.iv thus so, 11 l» '•»me. quite
generally infesicd. i,n*l if treatment s
n. ’, soon undertaken, -he plants may suc
cumb to their wages.
This i."*st iris m unv.su *ll* large num
ber of’f.,o*l plants, not less than thirty
• . >cen rec rded by dr. Pergande.
Most ,*u titbits ar* attacked, amt this
s line *. pee.es is also the co’ton aphis, to
*vhi* h plant it is s*>m. times very inju
rious. in Florida It doubt!* ss spends tlie
winter on th,* orange, and migrates to
garden crops, upon their cultivation in
the spring. From the fact that it has
sii- ii :• wi*l<*. rang** of so ul plants, includ
in'.' th**".* mentioned anil many weeds, it
l.ceop*. < a Hili, tilt n.itt* r to control.
Th* ir f,oiling on s.> many different plants
i*,- i: v It is :ti 11 a cantaloupe or
cotton li**:*: .an s*. quickly Ih*c >rne badly*
inf*sled, as th,* winged forms migrate in
from v tri ms directions ami begin at once
f.» prodite,* colonies here an*! th**re in the
field. At the approach of winter, in this
climate, adults *f both sexes are pr >-
duee.l. ar. 1 th,* f**mab. s I »y t ags to ensure
th,* propagation of tli • recies over win
ter. Il is n*4 in'.probal,)** that many
adults n;* s tlie winter in hibernation,
even in rati-er eol*l < limat, s as they have
l».,*n f im.l as lai* as fiaiici’".', even
.aft-r luavy frists. sleet anl
snow. Full •.town aphids app**ar v *ry
car’v In the spring, which fact also rath
er favors this theory of winter hiberna
tion of adults.
TREATMENT.
It is n »t ditllcult to d**’eot the presence
cf tli ■ t'lihids after tlie vines have bee mvj
1 bnirih. Th,' manufacturers of tiles ar**
usually prepared t*> supply customers
with print.,l dir,-, lions.
As a rule ditch, s for drain tiles should
be not less than three feet in depth. The
I *le* per the ditches tin* farther apart they
' may be. The. usual rule is t*> hav** the
• ditch, < as far apart in f, , t as their depth
in in lies. So if th,- ditches b* thirty-six
inch' s (three feet! in depth they may !>•*
ns lar tipart as thirty-six f, et. Tin- siz--
,4' til- drain tile should be in proportion
to the quantity *>f water. Where main
drains and branch drains ar,* used the
I mains should be ns large at any one
P ini as th,* sum of all th,* branch drains
i emptying into it above that point. Send
to *>rang,* Judd Company. New York, for
a work on "Til ' Draining." Thorough
.learning wi I r** i, v. the puddling f tne
samly land you describe. It is probably
I underlaid bv an Impervious clay subsoil.
Simple Tumor.
[ John K. Daniel. Berea. N. C-—I have a
I colt twe years ol*l that has a puffy or
I a,hl, rake enlargement on inside of hock
’ or middle joint ■•' right hindleg as large
as a man’s fist. Last spring it was turned
In with mules and they has.-.i it for om**
tim". Not long thereafter the swelling or
puff ma,le its app,*aran,*e. The colt is
not lame anti never has been. The place
I Is not sore or sensitive to touch: is per
' fectly soft like a bladder. Please give
name remedy.
Answer-Tlie trouble is probably noth
ing mor,* than a simple tumor. First try
' rubbing on tincture of lodine, or cam
phorate spirits, or soap lintpient. If it
I 4. • s not subside the contents of the tu
, mor should be let out through a very
! small op ring, preferably through a tine
• ,*'innualr, or n**e,ll,4lk** tub,*. Then inject
Into It a dilute solution, say one part of
compound tincture of lodine and three
parts water.
Chest Founder.
F. I*, ilopps. Minden. 1-a.—l have a
: mare, eats hearty, in good order, but Is
i stiff: pu*s forefoot out in walking; can't
' I* ir.llv turn around; i< worse in morning:
I some better In evening; been that way six
badly infested. The curled and stunted
appearance of the foliage at once attracts
attention. But when vines become so
badly infested as this, not much can be
made out of th**m in future. It is desira
ble to detect the aphie as so-*n as they
begin to migrate into the fields, and fre
quent careful examinations are necessary
In order to do this. When discovered,
they should be treated at once, before
they have had time to multiply to any
extent, and tying the plants into a stunt
cd wndUion.
There are two or ’hreo different meth
ods of treatment that have proven to be
; quite satisfactory. Kerosense emulsion
diluted with ten parts of water has given
excellent results, as has also whale oil
reap, use*’ at the rate of one pound to
four gallons of water. A knapsack spray
er is very convenient in applying theso
insecticides, an*! it should be Provided
with a bent brass extension, so that th*-
un<h*r surface of tlie leaves may be well
sprayed. , _
Dr. J. B. Smith recommends the use ol
carbon bisulphide. As s*;on as the first
curled up leaf is noticed, the nill and
those araund it should be fumigated. A
tolerably tight rover should lx? placet! over
the hill, and the sulphide used at the rate
of one dram for every cubic foot of space
under cover.
A dracam is. roughly speaking, equna
lent to a teaspoonful and if the liquid is
use<l at that rate, the Hee will all be
killed within an hour, and the plant will
not be harmed A good cover is made
from two barrel hoops. Cut one of them
in two. milking semi-circles; cross th* m
i in the middle and mak< a dome-shaped
I frame bv fastening the ends of the semi
' circles to the other hoops as a base. This
should be covered with close duck cloth;
and It wilt add to their j ■ rmanency to
treat them with a goo*l coat of boiled
linseed oil. A considerable number of these
covers will enable one man to put in his
time economically, bv fumigating over
a considerable area at the same time.
I'arlsin bisulphide is quite volatile, and
it is sufficient to place the receptacle, a
shallow cup. or lid. on th* ground. Preus
tli** cover down tightly s*> that the fum**s
will not escape. The fumes of this sub
stance are poisonous to all animal life,
if |r. tthed in ifficii nt qt anjity. but
ther,- is no danger from the small amount
inhale*! In the op* n air. Th* re is danger,
however, of using it around fires of any
kind, as a lighted match, pipe or cigar,
as it Is highly inflammable. A cheap and
< ff, etiv, grade of ti"' sulphide, known as
"fuma sulphide." may be purchased from
its manufacturer. Mr. E. R Taylor,
Cleveland. • >.. and when properly used,
the cost should not be over 1 cent for
treating five hills.
THE CABBAGE APHIDS.
The cabbage aphis (figure 17) is an old
time pest, anil was doubtless imported
' into this country from Europe. It has
i been known in the t'nite*! States since
i 17!»1_ and enjoys a very general distribu
tion. But little is known i s yet as to Its
life history. Jlnlrs have, I believe, never
been found. It is not known how the
insect passes the winter. No eggs have
be* n discovered and th*- migration habits
are not yet un*lerstoo*i. Th** insects ap
' pear ev* n in very early spring, and may
infest plants while in the see 1 bed. In
i the field, their presence Is usually over
, looked until the wilting and yellowing of
I the plants attract attention. Examina
’ tion often reveals the lice by’ thousands
clustered on th,* leaves, anil along ,he
leaf stalk. As in th,* pr* ceding species,
the young are torn alive at a v* rv ra; i
nite. Occasionally winged agamic fe
males are produced, which migrate to
other plants or fields and start colonies.
Eater in the season winged forms are de
veloped. frequently in large numbers, and
Figi 17.—Cabbage Aph’s aphis fra’Mca®). After
J. B. Smith.
>
these mav migrate 1’ ring warm, hot days
quite lilting the air in the vicinity of the
cabbage fields.
Tlie treatment for this aphis is practi
cally identical to tnat recommended for
tlie melon louse. It is essential to detect
tile ins,cis upon their first appearance,
and n<*t wait until th* yellow and sickly
I plants attract attention. Plants thus so
l badly inf* ste*l an* worth),-.-.s. and should
I be carefully pulled up. root and brunch,
I and burned.
months; tint not so baJ as now At
tim, s she is !< tt*r. ,’an't hardly *e'l that
there is , nvthitig ;he matter with her.
, My doe.or b, ,k l,i-er:li*s it •- chest
f «un*lor. I tr* ite-l her for same, but done
* i.o good. Please tell n><- what is tile mat
, ter with her and rem**:.*.
Answer—lt is ditti, uh to diagnose a case
of severe lameness without a p,*ru nal
■ < x:,min.-Vion. Your description, however,
j Indicates that anitn:*.! h *- *.* ha* is called
"n.ni-'ilar dis* ase." or "«■ dlin j*‘int lame
ness." After this disease continues for
some time the mu* • ,*s *,f the chest and
slum!,lers seen* s;;'T an l may shrink;
I iienee it is by some called "chest found-
I er." But it is no: true found, i, although
it is located in the feet. Tlie tr atm.nt
' is: Take ..ft the .- the frog
will rest on the ground, poultice the feet
with bran :na, .* up with ...»t w *t,r. Make
a bag f, r , acli foot, put a little of III’
poultice mash in th** I, tt*,m li. n put in
the foot, fill up a-' high as th* ft* I ck with
th-* mash and then ti ■ above Wet It
several t:mes a d iv an l change it once
a day. Contin i ■ this for ten days -r two
* wicks and s* • to it that it is properly
1 done. Then blist.-r th** coronet by rub
bing in all around .in ointment of two
I drums of cant lie rid,-s and on- ouno> of
lard. R*:>*at in time w. ,*ks. Give her a
I long rest.
Drill Worms in Corn.
J. T. Rhine, Pansy. Ark.—ls W R
.Jones. Cairo. Ga.. will sprinkle Paris
j green on his corn as soon as it comes up
I it will *lestrov them. They cut it while
: tender. I us- dlt last year with g.Mid rr
i suits. Put one-half jxiund in a thin cloth
! bag ami shake it over the plants late in
’ the evening. They do their work at night.
Comment—Mr. Jones's inquiry (April
9th) was in regard to "drill” worms, while
Mr Rhine’s remedy appears to ip.
tended for cut worms—two very different
!; -■■ ts. Th propt *■' .:■ to app I ■ -
green is when the plants ar,- wet with
' dew. so that the green will adhere.
The largest steamboat runs in Long
Island soun,l between New York and Fall
River.