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WATSON, WRIGHT AND
SMITH SPOKE FOB
CHILDREN.
Reasons Brought Forward Why Bill
Should Receive Majority Vote
in Legislature—All Three
Orators Were Eloquent
in Their Appeals.
The friends of the child labor bill pre
sented their side of the question to the
members of the general assembly and
the public last Monday night.
A meeting of citizens that crowded the
very confines of the house of representa
tives at the capltol gathered to hear three
orators argue in favor of legislation that
would protect the children of Georgia
from growing old long before their time in
the njjlls of the state. The aisles were
filled, the gallery was overflowing and in
the foyer outside many struggled to get
near the speakers.
Each speaker was applauded again and
again.
• 'hairman Pleasant A. Stovall Intro
duced the speakers in a particularly felic
itous way.
Hoke Smith’s Speech.
Mr. Smith opened his speech by declar
ing that he had no prejudice against the
cotton mills of Georgia. He owned stock
in a cotton mill. He was not a special
t hamplon of any organization which was
pressing the passage of this bill. He
though the bill was right and hoped it
would pass.
He then went on to show that the law of
Georgia recognized the propriety of in
terference by the state with what might
be termed the natural rights of parent and
child. It was an Interference with the
natural rights to say that all the child
might earn until the child was 21 should
belong to the father. Was It more of an
Interference with the natural rights to
require the parent to keep the child out
of improper work until the child was 12,
than it was to require tho child to give all
It made to the parent until It was 21?
He cited other Georgia statutes and su
preme court decisions in support of his
position that the state of Georgia recog
nized its duty to Interfere with the
natural rights of parent and child. He
insisted that It was the moral right of
the child to be maintained and educated,
and to have an opportunity for the de
telopmcnt of its physical. Intellectual and
moral strength.
Tie urged that any parent considering
the question in the light of his own
child must see that this effect would tie
true. He Insisted that Georgia could not
afford to allow any of her white popula
tion to deteriorate. That the fixed pur
pose of the state should be to build them
up to a higher and stronger nvinh-m i.
That It was the moral right of the chil
dren to receive such education, and that
< very sense of wisdom either taken from
an economic or social view should cause
tiie state to build up and not pull down
her citizenship. He insisted that Georgia
should look forward to the time and that
not far distant when all of her cotton
will be spun in her borders, not simply
into coarse grades, but into the finest
fabrics. To accomplish this tho factory
. hi'idron must be educated and advanced
in mind and in mechanical capacity.
Their lives should not be worn out in in
f ancy.
He insisted that this bill naturally went
hand in hand with the advancement of
educational facilities to be given the chil
dren of Georgia, and urged that it was a
Christian as well as social duty to pro
tect the children of our state before they
suffered as they have been allowed to suf
fer In other countries and other states,
who learned of the necessity for such
legislation after many children had been
Injured from Improper labor.
Seaborn Wright followed Hoke Smith.
He said that Georgia was practically the
last state in the south to be without a.
proper form and enforcement of child
labor legislation that legally prevents the
employment of those 100 yoqjig to £tand
the hardships of labor. To this effect Mr.
Wright proceeded and read a number of
statistics in support of the statement.
Speaking of Major Hanson lie said that
occupying the same place he now occupied
the major had stated that the only per
sons who spoke in favor of legislation
against child labor were inbcciles and
demagogues. “Thank God," said Mr.
Wright,” the statistics which I have just
read prove that the generous, kindly world
is just filled with such imbeciles and
demagogues, and thank God, too, I am
very proud to be classed as one of their
number.”
Mr. Wright was at his best last evening,
interspersing his remarks with telling
stories, beautiful metaphors and per
tinent similes. Again and again he was
interrupted, as were also the other speak
ers, with tremendous applause.
According to the views expressed by
Mr. Wright it was the moneyed mill men
of Georgia and not the farmers who op
j“is_’.l the bill, notwithstanding the state
ments of Major Hanson to the contrary.
He agreed with the statement of the ma
jor that the white tenants of the farms
of Georgia are going into the cotton mills.
I say tonight," he said, "that the agri
culturists of the state of Georgia are con
fronted with the most serious problem in
their history. Those who formerly worked
on the farms are now hurrying to the
mills of the cities. In many places it is
imp is.-ible to secure the help necessary
to work the farms and plantations.”
Mr. Wright also touched upon the sub
ject of labor and capital. Ho believed
that the organized capital was afraid of
the organization of labor. He also insist
ed that labor had the same sovereign
right to organize as did capital and it was
the mission of the great middle class
standing between the two to see that
justice should be done on both sides.
"The men who are on top don’t want a
change. They are satisfied. It is the man
on the bottom that wants the change.”
Following Mr. Wright, Mr. Watson was
introduced and greeted with round after
round of applause. Byway of introduc
tion Mr. Watson brought down the house
bv saying: "I am a democrat, an id
j.-ffersonian democrat and I always have
been a democrat. And the mill men have
font Major Hanson, a republican, to the
legislature of Georgia witli republican
snuff to show them just when and how to
sneeze when he sneezes.
Synopsis of Watson’s Speech.
Mr. Watson began his argument by
saving that he was no enemy to manu
facturers. He recognized and believed
In the old Jeffersonian doctrine that the
pi asperity of the republic depended upon
the three great industries of agriculture,
ci.mmeree and manufactures.
He would not be willing to advocate
nnv law whose purpose was to cripple
that Industry or to interfere without
jest cause.
Nor would he take part in any attack
ui.on the character of southern mill
owners. Many of these gentlemen are
known to him personally, and he knows
tlmm to be citizens of the highest type
He does not question the honesty and
sincerity of their convictions in opposing
this bill.
Nor would th-i speaker cast any doubt
upon the purity of motive of legislators
er private citizens who antagonize tv-
measure. He cheerfully conceded them
the same honesty of conviction he
claimed tor himself.
What does the Houston bill seek to do,
and what are the arguments in its fa
vor?
It proposes to restore the order of na
ture-established everywhere by the God
of nature—a law to which all brute crea
tion conforms, that the parent shall sup
port the tender-aged oilspring and not
tho tender-aged offspring support the pa
rent. To allow idle, dissipated, unnatu
ral parents to live in ease at the ex
pense of little children of tender age is
to reverse the order of nature and set
at naught the law’ of God. Who objects
to the Houston bill, and upon what
grounds?
The associated cotton mills, through Its
republican representative, J. F. Hanson,
appears before the Georgia legislature
and at the very outset exposes the weak
ness of his cause by abusing his oppo
nents. Tn effect lie classed the advocates
of the bill under the three heads of fools,
fanatics and demagogues. This was a
fine display of insolence made by a re-
I publican to the democratic legislature
I of Georgia!
In whose behalf did Hanson appear? In
that of capital? Oh. no. associated cap
ital never asks anything for itself.
Wearing the old hypocritical mask
which protected capital has worn for a
hundred years, Hanson camo up here to
speak in behalf of labor! Hanson would
have done right in calling us fools if we
were capable of beW?ving that in fighting
tho Houston bill the motive of the asso
ciated manufacturers Is to protect labor.
Away with the silly subterfuge! Han
son was here in the Interest of dividends,
not children, and he ought to have been
brave enough and honest enough to say
What objections are made by Hanson
to the Houston bill?
He says It would bo class legislation!
My God! Think of that! The associated
factory owners send Hanson here to Im
plore tho legislature of Georgia not. to
be guilty of class legislation!
Os all tho impudence that ever 1 saw
in all my life this caps the climax. It not
only beats Bobtail, who beat the devil,
but takes the rng off the bush, and the
bush up by the root.
And yet Hanson, tho handsome Han
son. the wealthy Hanson, the republican
mill owner Hanson, dares to exhibit an
unblushing front to the Georgia legisla
ture. and to protest against legislation
In favor of tho helploss children of Geor
gia, on the ground that such a law would
be class legislation! Confound his infer
nal impudence!
If our farmers and wage earners are
In such a pitiable plight, may It not
be on account of this very protective
system which tho manufacturers have
for n hundred years been building up?
—a system under which tho American
manufacturer will now sell his products
to foreign people cheaper than our homo
folks can got them; a system under
which competition has been destroyed
by the trust; a system under which the
cost, of living on every farm and In
every wage earner's hut depends abso
lutely upon tho greedy demands of the
managers of tho despotic trusts?
My own convictions are clear. I repent
what r have so often said in years gone
by—that this building up of one man's
industry at the expense of another Is
a crime against humanity, and a menace
to the true prosperity of the republic.
Relieving that the protective system
has brought ns tn this pass, 1 would, If
I could, reform the entire situation, ns
Great Britain has reformed It. by re
moving every tariff duty save those
on luxuries, and establishing free trade.
Rut while T admit the hardship of tho
farm life. I deny that It Is, or ever can
bo, as hurtful to tho child as life In tho
mill. Even when children under twelve
work on tho farm they can only labor
for a part of the year. As a rule, the
child works In tho spring, summer and
fall. There are healthy, expansive sur
roundings. There Is much rest and recre
ation. The weather and the crop condi
tions do not admit of constant drudgery.
Whore are your groat and good men
whose tender years were spent in the
factory? Where are they? It life at
the loom is so good a thing fur the boy
of ten and eleven and twelve, where are
some of the ripened products? If your
tree of child labor b« so good a tree,
show me some of the fruits. You cannot
do It, and you know you cannot Now,
look to the farm. Look upon that tree
and gaze upon its fruit Who built up
Atlanta and made it the pride of the
south? Boys who had slaved in the
factories at ten years of age? No. a
thousand times no. The mon who have
crowned themselves kiqgs of success and
have made Atlanta’s name a synonym
of pluck and strength and victory, drank
In tho health and the inspiration and
the courage which made them great at
the pure fountain of farm life. Instance
also Henry Clay, Ron Hill. Andrew
Jackson. What would have become of
41ox Stephens had he been placed, at ten
years, In the poisoned atmosphere of a.
factory? , , ,
Major Hanson said that reformers had
failed in his time. Assuming that he
must 'be some sixty or seventy years old.
I must remind tho major that In those
years the despised reformer has almost
changed the face of the world. If it be
true that our economic conditions are
so bad that we cannot rescue both the
young ami the old. but must sacrifice one
to save the other, I would say, "Save
the young"
In the horrible Passage of the Bereslna,
when tho. wreck of the grand army of
Napoleon was madly crowding the bridge
to escape the Russian ami Cossack
horses, camp followers and demoralized
soldiers are desperately struggling for
footing on the bridge, a mother was seen
crowded off the bridge, sink.ng Into the
freezing waters of the river. In her
arms, hold on high, was her babe, and
after she could no longer speak, those
motherly arms, holding aloft her Infant
to the last, made mute appeal. “Save my
child!” "Let mo die If I must, but save
mv child." Noble humanity speaks every
where in the same language.
If, indeed, we have come to such a
pass as Hanson says, and cannot rescue
both the mother and the child, I am
quite certain that every true-hearted
mother would do as the living mother at
tho Bereslna did hold up her babe in her
sinking arms, and make the heart thrill
at her cry, "Save my child!”
CHILD LABOR MEASURE
DEFEATED IN THE HOUSE
Defeat in the degree forecasted by the
opponents of the child labor bill was the
fate of that measure In the house of
representatives Wednesday, at the con
clusion of a debate which lasted for six
hours
There was considerable feeling dis
played by some of the speakers, but It
was all In good nature, ami the evi
dence was abundant that every vote
was the result of an honest, straight
forward opinion ns to the merits of t lie
measure. One or two of the numerous
amendments offered were adopted, and
when the favorable report of the com
mittee on education was agreed to by
a vote of 91 to 38, the advocates of the
' measure seemed to think they would
have things pretty much their own way.
1 It was very evident, however, that some
members voted in favor of the report
of the committee simply with a view
to having a final vote taken on the bill,
and that on the final vote they were re
] corded against it.
An exchange remarks that, the legislature
does not seem to be making as much "fuss”
tn the good old summer time as It did In the
■ dreary winter.
i The reason Is plain The weather at the
I capital now Is too delightful to encourage
I heated debates In the capltol.
so those living
in malarial districts Tutt’s Pills
i arc indispcnsible, they keep the
, system in perfect order and are
an absolute cure
for sick headache, indigestion,
malaria, torpid liver, constipa
tion and ail bilious diseases.
Tutt’s Liver Pills
the WEEKLY CONSTITUTION: ATLANTA. GJI. MONDAY. JULY 13, 1903.
RURAL SCHOOLS
DISCUSSED.
Florida School Official Tells Georgia
Teachers of Advantages of Com
bining Schools in Country
Districts—Better Work
at Reduced Cost.
Athens, Ga.. July 11.—(Special.)—The
address at the university chapel this
morning in the presence of the teachers
attending the summer school, as well
as a large number of the citizens of
Athens, was delivered by Hon. George
p. Glenn, superintendent of Instruction
for Duval county, Florida, who spoke on
the subject of "A Solution of the Rural
School Problem.”
Mr. Glenn's address was a powerful
plea for the centralization of schools,
and during his remarks he produced
many facts and statistics to bear him
out in the assertions lie made. Speaking
of the results in Duval county, where
he has been In charge of the schools
for the past few years, Mr. Glenn
said:
"There were, six years ago. in this
county, forty-five rural schools of one
teacher each, for white children, estab
lished by former administrations. Tho
work of these schools In general was so
unsatisfactory and tho per capita of ex
pe.nse ran so high in many of them
that the present administration deter
mined to reduce them in number to
fifteen schools of three teachers each. In
choosing sites for the centralized schools,
tho ones having the greatest number of
school children within a radius of one
and a half miles have been preferred.
This distance was chosen as a legal
distance, the law fixing the distance at
which schools must be established. Five
of these schools are now in operation,
each accommodating the children of
about sixty to ono hundred square miles
of territory.
Teachers IS Better Work.
"The effort of the teacher is more ef
fective by means of more adequate equip
ment. Now we will take six schools
scattered tn the woods not far from each
other; if I ask my board of public In
struction for six globes, six times $5 is
S3O; then ask for six sets of maps and it
will take a considerable snip to pay for
them. And so on with the other equip
ment necessary for the schools. The con
solidation of school,s reduces the cost of
equipment by requiring only ono set of
apparatus where six sets are required
under the old system. The health of the
pupils Is preserved in rainy weather. Tru
ancy is wholly eliminated, no chance for
it (ybateyjT.
"J.'he country maiden may continue her
education without fear of molestation
by vagrant vagabonds, and the youth pro
longs his school days because he can
progress. When a girl reaches her teens.
In many parts of the country, she ceases
to go to school, because her father thinks
it Inadvisable for her to get out of his
sight or out of reach of his shotgun.
When 1 used, to visit my schools in tho
country districts 1 wouia flind,Jew if any
large jjrls in school, now 1 find young
ladies m those schools nearly twenty-one
years old. And 1 find young men there
who are at least as tall it not talller
than I am, who ate seeking to increase
their knowledge, and now, under this
system, they are able to do this.
'The average attendance is increased
12 1-2 per cent, giving a corresponding
increase of school funds from the state.
Many children formerly so isolated as
never to have access to any school are
now accommodated. Tney are the best
bidders for the driving of the wagonette,,
those who are far off on the outskirts
of the districts, for they take their own
children and all the others in between
The farmer and ids family are mor* con
tent with their self-sustaining occupa
tion Ethical culture Is obtained free
from the dissipations of social life as
manifested In j>ties. The development
of the art of teaching by young toaejjers
is more feasible to the superintendent,
who at sight of rhe old, abandoned school
houses, thinks of Whittier's lines—
" Still sits tho schoolhouse, by the road.
A ragged beggar, sunning."
Each a fit monument to a ragged, beg
garly rural school system, now departed
from old Duval, but not lamented.”
TURPENTINE HAS A RIVAL.
Fir Stumps Yield a Fair Grade of
the Spirits.
Chicago, July 10.—(Special Correspond
ence.)—Professor Frankfurter, of the Uni
versity of Minnesota, announces that he
Ims discovered a formidable rival to the
turpentine industry of the south. By ex
periments he has shown that the Douglas
fir stumps which cover thousand upon
thousands of square miles in the north
west. yield a superior grade of turpentine,
free from disagreeable odor, yet contain
ing all the medicinal and chemical quali
ties of the southern product.
In addition, he finds that in preparing
the turpentine, a fine grade of illuminat
ing gas is produced and the residue is a
commercial charcoal of great value. Each
stump contains 40 per cent of pitch, which
can bo reduced to 20-per cent of turpen
tine. 30 per cent tar oil and 50 per cent
common tar. The minor product is pyrl
ligneous acid, containing acetic acid.
Each stump contains live or six cords
of wood and there are miles upon miles
of them, left by the lumbermen who cut
away the forests and left this vast gold
mine, thinking the stumpage of no value.
Based on this report, the south is likely
to have a serious competitor in the tur
pentine field very shortly.
Hostile to the Negroes,
There seems to be sweeping through the
north a fierce hostility to lhe negroes.
The incidents at Peoria and East St.
I.mils, ills., where mob violence was nar
rowly averted; in the Kansas wheat fields,
where farmers have appealed to the gov
ernor to protect their negro helpers; at
Evansville, Ind.; In Wisconsin, Michigan
and O’#io show how widespread Is the
feeling.
With the exception of the Kansas negro
harvesters, there has been provocation
for the hostility. Murders and worse
crimes by the blacks have aroused the
white populace to fury. The feeling is in
the air and general. I hear it here on
every side.
On the night street cars whites and
blacks glare at each other and a spark
would touch off a tremendous conflict tn
this city. A young southern gentleman,
visiting here., illustrated how to handle in
solent blacks this week. lie was escort
ing two ladies to the theater and In the
street car a negro insulted the ladles.
The southerner promptly knocked him
down and covered him with a revolver.
Then he forced him to crawl on his
knees to the door and leap from the
moving ear.
HELD FOR MAKING “QUEER.”
Two Alabama Men Arrested Charged
with Counterfeiting.
Chattanooga. Tenn., July 11.—Govern
ment secret service agents have just made
what they regard ns an important cap
ture of alleged counterfeiters at Gadsden,
Ala. Tiie parties are Dr. James Young
and George Windsor.
For the past year there have been thou
sands of dollars of counterfeit money
placed in circulation in that section and
it has found its way to other populous
tenters. The government agents Hhve
been at work on the matter for some
months.
Yesterday, on capturing t£«se parties,
they searched their home, which is lo
cated on Sand mountain, and reported that
they discovered there a quantity of spu
rious coin, a complete counterfeiting out
fit and a number of raised bills, mostly
$1 bills that had been raised to $5. The
men were taken to Gadson, where they
will bo held pending a further Inquiry.
THEY SEND SAMPLE OF THE
BOLL WEVIL.
Washington, July 12.—(Special.)—The
entomologists of the agricultural depart
ment throw cold water on the reports
that have been circulated on the New
York cotton exchange to the effect that
the Mexican cotton boll weevil has made
Its appearance in large numbers In the
cotton fields of states other than Texas.
The department has received many re
ports of tho appearance of the weevil
outside of Toxas, especially in Louisiana.
In almost every instance letters from
planters reporting the presence of the
insect pest have been accompanied witli
samples of the insect. In no case has
the department found one of the samples
to be the genuine Mexican cotton boll
weevil, and Dr. Howard, the chief ento
mologist, does not believe that the Insect
has yet crossed the borders of Texas.
There seems to be a disposition on the
part of planters throughout the cotton
belt to jump at the conclusion that any
strange insect they find on their cotton
plants is the boll weevil, and for this
reason the agricultural department ad
vises that little weight should be given to
reports from unscientific sources as to
the presence of the insect in any locality.
It ,s admitted, however, that tho boll
weevil may possibly get into Jxtulslana
before the end of the present season. On
the other hand, it may be some years
before It crosses the Mississippi river.
The experts of the department will
make no predictions as to the rate at
which it will spread over the cotton lands
east of the Mississippi when it has once
crossed that river. Thus far their ob
servations of the insect have been con
fined to the relatively dry area of Texas,
which has been infected with It. Not
much, if any, difference has been detect
ed tn Its relative destructiveness on up
lands and bottom lands in Texas, but it
is said by the entomologists that no cer
tain conclusions can be drawn from the
experience of Texas as to the rate at
which It will develop and spread in tiie
more humid regions east of the Missis
sippi. It may turn out that it is an Insect
that requires a relatively dry country for
Its development, and it may thus bo
much less destructive In the eastern cot
ton fields. On the other hand, it may be
found that it will thrive better in more
humid regions and it may bo more de
structive east of the Mississippi than It
has been in Texas.
It is too early yet for any reliable esti
mates to be made as to the effect of the
weevil on this year's crop in Texas It
Is the later broods of the weevil that do
the most damage each year. Owing to
the lateness of the season this year the
Insect Is not believed to have multiplied
as rapidly as in former years. This is not
regarded as having given the cotton any
decided advantage, however, for the rea
son that the late season retarded the
planting and growth of the cotton as
well, ard the cotton plant and the weevil
are developing on even terms. Tho loss
to the Texas planters will probably be
as proportionately great as last year, for,
while many of the planters are adopting
the recommendations of the agricultural
department as to the best methods of
combating the weevil, and will conse
quently gather larger crops than last
year. It must still be hiken Into consid
eration that the area covered by the pest
In Texas is larger this year than last,
and in many localities where it made its
appearance for the first time last year
and was not numerous it Is present in
much larger numbers this season.
To Ascertain Effect of Tobacco.
The experiments which Dr. Harvey \V
Wiley, the chief of the bure.au of chemis
try of the department of agriculture, has
been conducting nt the "government
boarding house," promise some day to
be of considerable interest to all users
of tobacco and all manufacturers and
dealers, for at the conclusion of the
tesits of the effect of the various preserv
atives used in foods are determined. Dr.
Wiley will take up the question of the
effect tobacco has upon digestion and on
the human system tn general. Just as
the cigar cornes after dinner, so Dr. Wi
ley will postpone hfs experiments In re
lation to tobacco until after he has fed
his boarders on all sorts of food from
soup to nuts Consequently, it will be
some time before he reaches the tobacco
question. When he doos It is understood
that ho will proceed as ho tins done In
tho case of tho foods, that Is, he will
-take pure tobacco !n various forms,
smoking and’ chewing, and see what effect
Its use has upon the consumer when
taken tn small qaantitlee, larger quanti
ties and so on. He will then take up
the adulterated tobacco or flavored to
bacco nnd ascertain by experiments what
effect tobacco of this character has upon
the system.
Just how far these experiments will go
has not yet beet definitely determined,
nor has Dr. Wiley decided whether he
will us Turkish. Cuban and other brands
of foreign tobacco, or whether he will
confine himself to domestic tobacco.
Should the bureau of chemistry go Into
tho subject exhaustively and ascertain
the difference between the effect of cheap
cigars and cigarettes on the system as
compared with that of high class, pure
tobacco cigarette, and cigars, the result
would be very Interesting to say the
least. I* ts Dr. Viley's Intention to take
men who are regliar smokers and ascer
tain their physlcil condition as to their
heart action, breathing, digestion, etc.
while continuing the use of tobacco un
der normal condiions. and then to have
these men to siddenly cease the use
of tobacco entire}' The effect of such
Stoppage will be tarefully noted and Dr.
Wiley expects to >e able to report on the
benefits or InJurltS in the sudden change
of the habits of tie smokers and chewers.
After the effect if the prolonged use of
tobacco have beta eradicated from the
system, it is proposed that the subjects
of experiment shill recommence the use
of tobacco, beglmlng tn small qualntles,
which will be grulually increased until
thev are using as nuch or more than they
were when the esperlments first began.
Throughout the ;ourse of the experi
ments the effect >f the tobacco on the
digestion will be carefully noted. All
this will be a most interesting series of
experiments and i Ur \\ iley can make
some observations during their progress
on the effect of t bacco on the disposi
tion of his subjects its sedai'ive influences
and its use as a promoter ot good fellow
ship th'- experiment! will be double valu
able.
Running Dee' Runs Amuck.
Helena, Mont., Ji.*J' 10.—Running Deer,
a Sioux Indian woOan, 70 .years old, is
in the Helena jail (barged with the mur
der of Kills Twice, a (’row woman with
whom she lived for many years at the
Fine Ridge agency. She plunged a knife
into tho stomach if Kills Twice and at
the same time slasled another squaw, se
riously Injuring It*"- Kills Twice died
the following day.
At present there re about seventy-five
firms engaged in B (, 'h cutting in the
United States, withnot far from $5,000,000
capital invested. here are probably
about TOO skilled lapidaries at work,
earning an average >f SI,OOO apiece a year.
TREND TURNING
TOWARD CORMAN
Washington View of lhe Situation
Favorable Io Maryland.
Democratic Leaders Disposed to Con
sult His Wishes—Does He Want
the Nomination?—Some of
the Other Men
Talked Os.
Washington, July 12.—(Special.)—If the
opinions of democratic leaders from dif
ferent parts of the country can he taken
as a fair Indication of the trend of dem
ocratic sentiment. It may be said with
out fear of successful contradiction that
conditions are shaping themeeWee to
make Senator Gorman, of Maryland,
the center of democratic interest. The
more the presidential contest of 1904 Is
discussed the more clearly does it ap
pear that the Maryland senator Is the
man to whom the most Influential ele
ments of the party are flipping as the
natural leader. At this stage of the pro
ceedings It is too early to say whether
this means that Senator Gorman will be
the party's nominee, but It does seem
certain that whether tie will or not de
pends almost entirely upon one man—
nnd that is the senator from Maryland
himself.
If Senator Gorman Is made to believe
bls nomination is tho best the party can
make, it is the general belief In demo
cratic circles here that he will accept,
and it is the equally general belief that
if he expresses his willingness to accept
he will be nominated.
Would He Prefer Another.
A good many men close to Senator Gor
man are confident that he would prefer
to sec some other man nominated. He
is now’ In a position which suits him
perfectly—back In the senate, where he
I can remain as long as he desires to do
’ so, and the acknowledged leader of his
party in that body. To accept the nomi
nation for the presidency might, be a
great personal sacrifice. No man with
any political acumen believes that the
democratic party has more than a mere
. lighting chance In the next presidential
i campaign. It Is true that President
Roosevelt does not have tile approval of
■ some very strong elements in his party,
but the natural advantage of the repub
lican position Is very great. The appor
tionment made in accordance with the
last census Increases the normal major
ity of the republican states in the elec
toral college very materially. Add to
this the Influence of good times in favor
of the party in power and the republi
can position seems well night impregna
ble. It is this state of affairs that must
face the democratic party In the contest
of 1904, arid the wise »liti<’ian does not
underestimate the strength of his oppo
nent's position.
Under ordinary circumstances, then,
there is not very much in a presidential
nomination calculated to attract a man
so well and so pleasantly situ-
ated as Senator Gorman is at
I present. Tho presidential nomina-
tion Is a high honor, It is true, but most
men who understand the uncertain! es
of politics as well as Senator Gorman
does would hesitate a long time before
easting aside that which he has for the
leadership of what now looks like a for
lorn hope.
Still. Sena.tor Gorman is first of ail a
democrat, and there can be no doubt
that if his part} a.sks him to lead that
fight he would subordinate his own de
sires and personal pleasures at his party's
behest
Democrats Canvassing- Situation.
Democratic leaders who have been here
at various times during the past two
months have, practically, the same story
to tell. In the talk over the situation
which has been more or less rife in their
states and districts, several names have
been discussed, the strength and weak
nesses of each man have been canvassed.
While there has been no great amount of
newspaper discussion, there seems to have
been a great deal of quiet talking over
democratic prospects and democratic pos
sibilities by local leaders and the demo
cratic masses. Tiie flurry over Mr. Cleve
land served to stimulate the Interest
which might otherwise have been dor
mant. The criticisms which Mr. Bryan
has. from time to time, hurled at those
who disagree with him have served to
bring out the real feeling of the demo
cratic masses. While the discussion on
the part of men close to one or the
other of these eminent gentlemen has
sometimes borne evidence of bitterness,
there can be nothing more certain than
that the masses of the party are in no
mood to join in the proscription of those
who have disagreed with them In the past,
on one side or the other. If—to judge the
situation as it is seen here-there is any- i
tiling absolutely certain in the demo- i
cratic situation, tt is that no considerable
element In lhe party believes it would be
anything else titan suicide to consider the]
nomination of either Mr Cleveland or Mr. |
Bryan, and by the same token there is ,
general belief in the unwisdom of the I
selection as the party's nominee of any |
man who is imbued with the proscription
doctrine, whether he be a former Cleve
landlte or a former Bryanite.
There are Home men of both factions :
who are looked upon as possible nominees I
of a reunited party, a party which Is
willing to let bygones be bygones and
confine the tight to the enemy Instead of
keeping alive factional strife. The
strength of each of these men hns been
pretty thoroughly canvassed In the dis
cussions that have marked the early sum
mer months. While, naturally, it is Im
possible to make general declarations on
a subject of tills kind that will be uni
versally indorsed. It Is a fair summing up
of democratic opinion to say that In the
Judgment of most democrats Senatoi Gor
man seems the most available man In
sight.
Men Considered Possibilities.
Os the men placed in the list of pos
sibilities. tho most prominent besides the
Maryland senator nre Mr. Olney, of Mas
sachusetts; Mr. Hill and Judge Parker, of
New York: Judge George Gray, now on
the United States bench and formerly
senator from Delaware; Mayor "Tom”
Johnson, of Cleveland; former Governor
Francis, of Missouri, and Mayor Carter
Harrison, of Chicago. Occasionally ono
hears of W R. Hearst, of New York, but
nobody takes the Hearst talk at all seri
ously. The same, for other reasons, may
lie said of Mr. Shepard, of New York. Mr
Shepcrd is looked upon as a lawyer of
ability, but a man who doos not possess
political strength. Even if he did, he
would be overshadowed by both Mr. Hi'l
and Judge Parker, from his own state.
Tiie process of elimination has been, and
is being, still further applied to this list
with the result of narrowing down the.
number of possibilities, as democrats gen
erally view il, very considerably. Os the
western mon mentioned, none are con
sidered in the light of serious proposi
tions, both because it is the consensus of
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THE CrS/Tauß r.OMPAMY. MEW YORK, CITT.
■iMiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiniHiii inhiiMriiiiiiiiii nron h -i: :~i ji iii
opinion that to have a chance of success
the candidate must come from the east
ern states, and because no one of these
men seems to measure u;> to the require
ments. Carter Harrison has been a suc
cess in municipal polities, but there is not
much in his career that appeals to those
who seek presidential timber. Tom
Johnson is regarded a man of very con
slderable strength and power, but one
whose tendency to run after such "isms”
as the single tax would eliminate him
from serious consideration. Nobody has
looked ujion the Dave Francis boom as
anything else titan an effort to draw re
newed attention to tho St. Louis exposi
tion, of which he is the official head.
There are strong objections to each of
these, but It is hardly necessary to go
into them, in view of the general belief
that the candidate should, and will, come
from the east.
Hill Out of It.
David B. Hill was in a sense the hero
of tiie Kansas City convention of 1900,
but for some reason there is a feeling
everywhere that the presidential nomina
tion has got. beyond Mr. Hill. While he
has always been regarded an astute poli
tician of a minor grade, he missed bis one
great opportunity when he furled his '
1-am-a-dernocrat banner in 1896, aqquiring
such a virulent attack of cold feot that
he was unable to find away to support
the nominee of his party, tt is believed
that Mr. Hill himself realizes the nomina
tion is not for him. and that he is the
active power behind the Parker boom. ,
There are left Mr Olney, Judge Gray.
Judge Parker and Senator Gorman
Judge Parker is a purely negative quan
tity. He holds a line judicial position
and possesses an interesting personality.
He has not impressed those brought in
contact witli him as a great or partic
ularly strong man, but the feeling toward
him is that he would probably do if it
is the desire of the party to secure mere
ly a man without a record, one against
whom nothing particular can be said
There are democrats who believe the
situation calls for the selection of just
such a man. and these have no difliculty
in finding illustrations with which to
back their arguments In Judge Parker's
It is noticeable, however, that the more
astute political leaders tire of the opinion
I that the need of the party is a man
whose public career has been such as to
inspire the confidence of the conservative
business elements of the country.
Roosevelt, a Certainty.
There can be no question now of the
nomination of Roosevelt by the repub
licans. Many strong factors tn tiie re
publican juu’ty, and much of that inde
jtendent element which has acted witli
that party in lite last two contests, have
no confidence in the gentleman whp has |
happened to a place in the white house, t
They recognize that he has not a con
servative hair in his head; that whatever
show of conservatism he may have made
has been due to his Intense desire to suc
ceed himself. It is extremely doubtful,
however, whether this element could be
turned to the democratic party if its
nominee is an unknown and untried man
Judge Parker has proved a good man
tn the place he now holds, but does it fol
low, because a man is a good judge, that
he will be a success in a high executive
office? A good many people think it does I
not, .and they point to the lamentable j
failure which Judge Pennypacker, who
held an unassailable record as judge, has
made In the role of governor of Pennsyl
vania. The comparison may not be en
tirely fair to Judge Parker, but It is be- |
Ing made. It is certain, however, that ]
nobody can know what sort of a figure I
he would cut In such a position as the ]
presidency or as the nominee for that ]
office.
No Doubt About These.
There can be no doubt whatsoever on
this score with regard to the three other ;
men whom 1 have mentioned. The conn- ]
try does know Mr. Olney, Judge Gra> |
anil Senator Gorman. Each has made I
bis record. Mr. Olney is a big man |
and would make a splendid president |
He is handicapped In a political sense I
by hailing from a state and section from ,
which it is not possible for the party to |
get electoral votes. There is no possi- .
bllity of even his carrying Massachu- ■
setts, and there Is no evidence that lie
would stand any better chance of carry
ing Connecticut than any of the other
men mentioned. Judge Gray is a big.
brainy, virile man, a statesman worthy
the name. He has always been staunch
tn the support of democratic principles
as he has Interpreted them. Both ho
and Mr. Olney have suffered in the esti
mation of western and southern demo
crats because they were allied with tiie
Cleveland wing of the party during the !
days of strife, hut tile feeling of antipa- I
thy toward num of them was very con
siderably mollified by the manly support
they gave the ticket in the last contest.
Both men would un..oubtedly inspire ab
solute confidence on the part of the busi
ness elements of the country. Both are ;
available.
But neither would inspire this sort of
confidence tn a higher degree titan Sena
tor Gorman, and lie has. in addition,
some elements of strength which neither
possesses. For a number of reasons there
is much more real democratic enthusiasm
over Senator Gormin than there could
possibly be over cither of those whose
names 1 am coupling with his. He his
never had to carry a label of any kind;
his democracy has always been recog
nized. even by men who once criticised
him most. The most serious charge ever
mule against him was that ho was a
politician. To that he has had to plead
——— —..J. re
guilty, and the fact of his guilt, in this
direction lias not pleased some reformers
and mugw-umps. It is the same charge
that was always made against William
McKinley. Both men grew up in politics;
they have many traits in common. It
is the Washington judgment that Ger
man would make as good a president for
the country and the democr.itic party
as McKinley did for the republican party,
and that is regarded the highest possible
tribute.
Would Inspire Enthusiasm.
Gorman is a natural loader, a man in
spiring confidence and enthusiasm in his
followers. There is aver;, strong feel
ing that the party needs just such a
leader in the contest of 19bi. There can
be no question that the country at large
would consider him a much infer man
In the white house than the present o -
cupant of that historic mansion, and tbit
the party would stand just as good a
chance of electing him as it would of
electing any other man, and perhaps a
better one.
It is this feeling that is turning th.? eyes
of democrats toward the Maryland sena
tor. There is no effort to work up a
boom for Gorman. He would probib'.y
not frown upon any such effort should it
be made. He is now in Eur Op. and what
his attitude toward the suggestion of his
nomination will not be known until his
return Without any effort from
from those close to him, however, t
. conditions seem to be pointing n his
direction.
DARK HORSE IN THE RACE.
John Dennis Candidate for Lieuten
ant Governor.
Jackson, Miss . July 11. (Specl.'il >
Nobody In Mississippi was aware f the
fact that Joint .1 Dennis, of Starkville,
aspired to the otiiee of lieutenant g"'-
ernor until yesterday the ticket . ommi'-
tee was requested to have hi- name
placed on the ballot to be sent to the
county executive committee.
Just why Mr. Dennis should mod's:;.'
hide his light under a bushel .'it'd refrain
from mentioning his candidacy even t>
h(s most intimate friends is a question
that is puzzling the politicians and
gives ground for the bi lief tit tt Mr Den
nis is either a humorist or else he made
up his mind to commence running afn r
the other aspirants had n-a '.•■-! th':
home .stretch.
The chairman of the democratic state
executive committee is making inquiries
to ascertain if th'- St a rkvilb g' ■ u. .
democrat . on straight, and if
Illis name will be Dennis in stern in. a’ .
so far as the August primary at
cerned.
i WAS BIRTHDAY OF KING PETER
Thanksgiving' Services Are Held
Throughout Service Yesterday.
Belgrade. Servin, July 12.- Tie birthday
of King Peter was celebrated today and
thanksgiving services wa re In id through
out the country. '1 ne king held a recep
tion at the palace and granted an am
nesty tri honor of tiie occasion, in wh: h
were Included many miiiiar;. ’■mets
The city was decorated and ilbimm.it' :
I It is stated that tin- king will pr diably
■ visit tiie czar in September
I A crisis is expected to oe.’iir, involving
a reconstruction of the cabinet
I
TO INSPECT THE KEARSARGE
I Prince of Wales at Portsmouth *o
See American Warships.
I Portsmouth, England, J:ii\ 1-' 'f ! o
i prince of Wales arrived this evening for
I lhe inspection of Rear Admiral Cctton’fl
I flagship Kcarsargc tomorrow H O-
[ Arnold-Forster, parli.aimr.tar icrarv
[ to (he admiralty, and other dei artmental
: officials have also arrived from London
1 for tomorrow’s inspection. Among tho
guests at a dinner given by Admira: Bot
ham in honor of the prince of Wa>»were
the officers of the American squadron.
MULLINS IS RECAPTURED
He Led the Mutiny at Fort Leaven
worth.
Junction Citv, Kans., .iulv 12.—Gilbert
Mullins, leader of the F •» t Leavenworth
mutiny, in November. 19"1. who es<ape'l
from the county jail here Saturday with
three others, was recaptured fodav.
Death of Captain F. M. Brown.
Beaumont. Texas, July 12 Laptaln
Frank M. Brown. » f Asbur> Park. X
J . one of the most distinguisheo oper
ators in the Texas’ oil fields, die 1 In th®
hospital here a t 1o o’c).»ck Sunday night
lie was graduated from 'Vest Point nnl
served as civil engineer in the Spanish-
American war. with the nnk of maj-o.
lie was a prominent operator in the W’est
Virginia oil Hold and he 'poamp promi
nent in the Texas oil field soon afte r
its discovery.
Wreck on the Seaboard.
“Greenwood. S. (?.. July 1:.. (Special.
The two rear cirs, Pullman sle'-pcr and
case car. of tin' southbound vcstibuled
train on the Seaboard Air Line were
wrecked here about noon today.
“The two cars left the track at the
grade crossing on Church street and were
carried forward ibout yards. The
track was entirely torn up and the two
cars finally thrown into the side of the
embankment, stopping the rest of the
train. There were four persons in the
Pullman besides three children.
3