Newspaper Page Text
A FAIR PRICE FOR COTTON
(from The Textile Record, Boston.)
HE recent advance in the price of
I cotton has, as a matter of course,
I Interested the whole world. It
means an Increase in the cost of the
clothing for every one of the inhabitants
of the earth from the American, who is
the largest consumer of cotton cloth, to
the native of Senegambia whose wants in
the clothing line are satisfied by a scanty
loin cloth. It would be difficult to name
a commodity in wider use than cotton.
With the exception of the dwellers In the
Arctic regions every one uses cotton
cloth. It is a necessity for which there
is no substitute. No other textile ma
terial will answer the purpose as well,
and it is for this reason that a perma- ,
nent increase in its cost must be borne
in greater or less degree by nearly every
member of the human family.
The world's annual cotton crop is ap
proximately 14.500,01)0 bales of 500 pounds
each, a total of 7,250,000,000 pounds. This
vast quantity of cotton is consumed each
year, there being practically no surplus
carried from one year to the next. In fact
during the past three or four years con
sumption has pressed close upon the
heels of production and the cotton mills
of England and the continent of Europe
have been forced into idleness to a
greater or less extent owing to the short
age of raw material.
Taking, then, the annual production of
7,250.000,000 pounds of cotton as a measure
of consumption by the 1,500,000,000 people
of the earth, we find an average consump
tion of cotton per capita of about 5 8-10
pounds. The use of cotton is, however, by
no means uniformly distributed through
out the world. As might be expected, the
American, in possession of the richest
portion of the globe, finds himself able to
use the most of the cotton as he uses the i
most of the other <>od things of life.
Estimating that our excess of cotton
imports over exports is equal approxi
mately to 100,000,0(» pounds of raw cot
ton, we find that the 80,000,000 inhabitants
of the United States consume annually
2.103,000,000 pounds of cotton, or 27 pounds
per capita. This leaves 5,087,000,000 pounds |
to supply the wants of the 1,420,000,000
people inhabiting the rest of the earth,
or 3 6-10 per capita. We thus find that
the American, as a cotton consuming
animal, is equal to 7 1-2 of the other
members of the human race. In other
words, our 80,00ti,000 are, as cotton users,
equal to 600.000,000 people outside of our
ho-jers.
This is merely evidence of the well
known fact that the purchasing power of
our people, is far in advance of that of tin"
test of the world. It is a fact that should I
be borne constantly in mind when con
sidering propositions for an exchange of |
<s •
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• X \ iwom A X ?
• / \ ///\
• i raobvenow I •
<II | 0
! of j
f \ COTTOM / I Q
•V /!
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i THE WORLD'S PRODUCTION «
* OF COTTON. ?
V-■ • 0 0-.-0-.-0 0 oO' 0 00-»- 0
markets by means of reciprocity treaties
with foreign nations. Such bargains are
bound to be of the jug handle variety if
based upon a mere balance of tariff
schedules without taking into account the
immense superiority of our market as an
absorbent of goods.
Turning our attention to the sources of
the cotton supply we find even greater
Inequalities of distribution, and hero
ygaln we find America far in the lead.
The accompanying chart shows more
plainly than figures can the way in which
the production of cotton is distributed
throughout the world; 5,384,000,000 pounds
•r nearly three-quarters of the world's
cotton crop is grown > n °ur south
ern states. the remaining quar
ter consisting principally of In
dian cotton, which is short, dirtv.
md tender, fit only for the coarsest
A Good Beginning
If the blood is in good condition at the beginning of the warm season,
you are prepared to resist disease and are not apt to be troubled with boils,
pimples, blackheads and blotches, or the itching and burning skin eruptions
that make one’s life a veritable torment and misery.
Now is the time to begin the Tvork of cleansing and building up the
blood and strengthening the weak
places in your constitution. Duringthe HORRIBLY AFFLICTED WITH BOILS,
cold winter months we are compelled * ad a h° rrib f°
to live indoors and breathe the impure attack of boila
air of badly A r entilated rooms and of- that broke out fill
fices. We over-work and over-eat, and over my body and
get too little out-door exercise, and our Safe- from which I
n , could got no poa
systems become clogged with nnpuri- Bk' Blb i e reUef unt il
ties and the blood a hot-bed of germs began taking
and humors of every kind, and warm your medicine,
weather is sure to bring a reaction, ‘T&k. tuy and from my «x-
and the poisonous matter in the blood porionoe I can
and system will break out in boils and ? afo . ly Bay s ' B ' B '
pustules or scaly eruptions and red, is tho boot blood
disfiguring bumps and pimples. Make purifier *° p rI J MYTHERa
a good beginning tins season by taking Wytheville, Va.
a course of S. S. S. in time; it will not
only purify your blood and destroy the TRE BEST TON|C ANQ APPET |ZER.
germs and poisons, but promote healthy Wh<l<s Hving , Jn Bhprman) Tex . t xb 6.
action of the Liver and Kidneys and came n victim of impure, watery
give you a good appetite at a time I?™/* XA'To "S
when you need it most. about and had to fitop off and rest
a c Q imnrnveq the dip-estion and occasionally. I took 8. S. S. and bo
b. Cs. ißiproxes tne aigesiion ana an to lmprovo Rt once> an a after a
tones up the Stomach > and you are not thorough course became strong’ and
continually haunted by the fear of s. 8. 8. the best medicine I
indigestion every time you eat, or ever used as an appetizer and gon.
troubled with dizziness, nervousness ei sii t Kan’road Romo, Ga.
and sleeplessness. There is no reason
to dread the coming of warm weather if you have your system well fortified
and the blood in a normal, healthy condition. It is the polluted, sluggish
blood that invites disease germs, microbes and poisons of every kind and
bring on a long train of spring and summer ailments, break down the con
stitution, and produce weakness, lassitude, and other debilitating 1 disorders.
Eczema, Acne, Nettle-rash, Poison Oak and Ivy, and other irritating skin
troubles are sure to make their appearance unless the humors and poisons
are antidoted and the thin, acid blood
made rich and strong before the coming
F I of warm weather.
A course of S. S. S. now would be
1 a safe precaution and a good beginning
J J and enable you to pass in comfort
through the hot, sultry mouths and
escape the diseases common to spring and summer. S. S. S. is guaranteed
purely vegetable and is recognized as the best blood purifier and the most m
vigoratiri# and pleasant of all tonics. Write for our book on “The Blood and
Its Disaasres. ’ ’ THE SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., A TLANTA, GAt
grades of goods. This vast product, 5,384,-
000,000 pounds, from our southern states
is equal to 67 3-M pounds per capita of
our population, while the cotton crop of
the rest of the world Is equal to but
1 2-10 pounds per capita of the popula
tion outside of this country. Summing
up these sfatistiees, each American uses
27 pounds of cotton and produces 67
pounds, while each foreigner uses 3 6-10
pounds and produces but 1 2-10 pounds.
This explf'ns why the sunshine and the
rain in th. southern states are watched
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| 111 W H I
T AMERICAN. FOREIGN. *
• The World's Great Cotton Bull and Bear. 0
i
i as anxiously by the European spinner as
by the southern planter himself.
For each person In the United States
there are, approximately, eighteen people
outside. Uncle Sam, therefore, may be
likened to a planter who raises 67 pounds
of cotton, his family consuming 27 pounds
of it. and who sells the surplus of 40
I pounds to 18 of his neighbors. These
I neighbors must have the 40 pounds of
I cotton. They could use more to advant-
I age and each year sees their wants in
this direction growing more urgent. Un
der these conditions it requires no extra
ordinary reasoning powers to determine
whether a high or a low price for cot
ton is for the benefit of the aforemen
tioned farmer.
The following table gives the average
price of middling cotton in New York
for each of Ale fifty years ending with
1902:
| AVERAGE FRIGE PER POUND FOR
MIDDLING COTTON.
I Tear. Price. Year. rr A C o’>
1853 11.02 Ix7B H.-2
! 1854 10.97 1879 10.84
i 1855 10.39 1880 11.51
: 1858 12.1'1 1883 11-88
j 1859 12.08 1881 10.88
—y, i .... 13.01 1886 9.28
! ’ 31.29 1.887 10-21
I 186th’. 67.21 1888 10 0?
1864 101.50 1389 l<’-6.>
- 1867 31.59 1892 •-A
, 1868 24.85 1893 5 .«
1871 l«-»5 1895
! 1873 22.19 189 - 0,)
iis-73::: 20.14 5.94
j 1-75 .. 15-16 19'10 9.25
1 i57t;”’::::::...... 12.9 s 1901 8.50
I 1377 11.82 1902 8.7a
From 1853 to 1861 the average fluctuated
between 10 3-10 to 13 1-100 cents. The cot
ton famine, due to the civil war, caused
the average price during the next five
years to vary between 31 3-10 cents to
sl.Ol per pound. The prostration of the
south following the war kept the average
between 17 and 31 6-10 cents for the next
eight years. It dropped to 11 8-10 cents
in 1877 and from that time to 1890. a pe
riod of fourteen years, a fairly uniform
level was maintained. In only one year.
1886, of ithis period did the average fall
as low as 9 3-10 cents. For the rest of
the time the fluctuations were confined
between 10 and 12 cents.
Beginning with 1890 and contempora
neous with the success of the free trade
movement in this country a decline In
cotton prices started in. carrying the
'average to 5 9-10 cents in 1898, the lowest
on record. For the past three years, 1900,
1901 and 1902, the averages have been
9 1-4, 8 1-2 and 8 3-4. respectively. The
present year, 1903, began with the price
at the average (8 3-4 cents) for the pre
ceding twelve months, and since then
the tendency has been continuously and
strongly upwards until In the month just
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION! ATLANTA. GA.. MONDAY AUGUST 10, 1903.
closed the price reached 11 3-4 cents, the
highest In thirteen years, having risen
to this level from 8 2-10 cents la«t Oc
tober.
The average price of cotton during any
considerable period is, like all other
prices, regulated by the Iralance of supply
and demand, and as to the slate of this
Ivtlance In the future one man's guess is
as good as that of another. We have
certain well established facts to guide us
in forming a. Judgment as to what is a
fair price for cotton. We know that the
world has been short of cotton for three
or four years; that the determined ef
forts to find new sources of supply prom
ise no great measure of success. The.
most promising of these enterprises is In
Togo, German West Africa, und no one
who read the story of the work there, as
told in the April, 1902, issue of The Tex
tile World by 'he Tuskegee graduate who
is in charge of it, can believe that Togo
can ever threaten the supremacy of
American cotton. We know that the con
sumption of cotton will increase the de
velopment of uncivilized races and the
settlement of undeveloped territories.
With these prospects, all tending toward
higher prices, it is difficult to escape
from the conclusion that 10 7-8 cents,
the average price of cotton for the twelve
years from 1879 to 1890. inclusive, is more
fn harmony with present conditions and
prospects than is 7 8-10 cents, the aver
age for the succeeding twelve years from
1891 to 1902, inclusive.
During the first period from 1879 to 1890
the business of the country had various
ups and downs, but on the whole enjoy
ed a. fair share of prosperity. During the
last period of twelve years, from 1891 to
1902. on the contrary, the whole world
suffered extreme business depression, and
nowhere was this more acute than In
the United States. This tends still further
to strengthen the belief that the recent
advance of cotton to 11 1-2 cents indi
cates the restoration of cotton prices to
the former high level, perhaps to a still
higher one.
The recent advance is popularly attrib
uted to the work of a pool engineering a.
corner, and rumor has persisted in plac
ing one of the greatest individual for
tunes in the country behind this pool.
I’his may or may not be so, but the other
conditions stated are undisputed.
Assuming, then, that 11 instead of 8
cents is to be the level for the next few
decades what does that mean to this
country? Continuing the comparison of
the country to an individual planter it
means th it he will receive $4.40 for the 40
pounds of cotton per capita he ha-d for
sale, Instead of $3.20 as formerly. To bo
sure the 27 pounds of cotton used in the
family will be valued at $2.97 instead of
$2.16 as before, but then this makes no
difference .to the family as a whole, sifice
it is a homo product. The gain to the
family results from the increased price
for the part that is sold, amounting to
$1.20.
An individual planter doing business
under the conditions stated, would wel
come the. rise In the price of coVton as
an toiunixed good. When, however,
eighty millions are to take the place of
one, the increase in the price is viewed
with alarm in many quarters. But why
should there be any difference in the
two cases? Instead of selling 40
pounds we are selling 3,221,600,000
pounds of cotton to foreign coun
tries, and instead of receiving
$257,680,000 we get $.154,000,001) for it, a differ
ence in our favor of s9t!,t>3(J,ooo. This is no
trifle, even for the United States. We
can use it in our business. In two years
It would pay the estimated cost of the
isthmian canal, an enterprise to which we
are pledged.
Turning to the domestic consumption we
find that the 27 pounds per capita is equal
to 2,163,000,000 pounds for our 80,000,000 peo
ple and that we must charge ourselves
$237,030,000 instead of $173,040,000 for this
quantity of home produce, a difference of
$64,890,000 or about 81 cents per capita per
year.
This sum is simply transferred from
the people as a whole and placed in pos
session of a portion of them who, under
a proper distribution of such proceeds,
would be in great part the Inhabitants
of our southern dates. Added to the in
crease in the price of the cotton sold
abroad it would mean the greater part
of the $161,000,000 placed to the credit of
the south.
A portion of this amount may be di
verted into Improper channels by reason
of speculation or. to be more exact,
gambling In cotton in our exchanges.
This, however, is another question and
should not bo allowed to confuse ns in
considering the effects of a permanent
Increase in the level of cotton values.
The change from an 8 to an Tl-tient
level would, doubtless, entail incon
veniences and loss on manufacturers of
and dealers in cotton goods, owing to the
fact that goods might not advance as
rapidly as the raw material, but such in
convenience and loss would be trifling
compared with the ultimate advantages
to the whole country, and, consequently,
to the manufacturers and dealers them
selves, arising from the increased income
derived from the sale of our surplus
product to foreign customers.
There is no force in the objection that
higher prices for cotton might stimulate
production abroad and thus destroy our
foreign market. The world needs a new
supply of cotton; civilization waits upon
It. The scarcity of cotton Is a serious
danger that now threatens mankind, and
a new source of supply would be an
inestimable benefit to the human race. If
a supply should be found that would
drive our southern planters out of the
business it could be looked upon only
as a blessing to the world as a whole.
There fs, however, no prospect of such a
discovery. It is practically certain that
there will be no such discovery. We are
tnjflng to consider tho case from the
Standpoint of enlightened American self
ishness and are forced to conclude that
tho substitution of 11 cents for 8 cents
as a permanent price level for Ameri
can cotton should be welcomed by every
AmaricHJl.
ENGLAND WANTS COTTON.
Famine Prices for the Staple Causes
Serious Alarm.
London, August 6.—ln the house of com
mons today, replying to William Field,
nationalist, who drew attention to the re
shipment of American cotton from Liver
pool to New York, thus increasing the
famine price of cotton in England, and
Invited an inquiry as to the effect of the
system of future options on tho price of
cotton, Gerald Balfour, president of tlie
board of trade, stated that tlie informa
tion of the board of trade did not indicate
a recent increase in the re-export of cot
ton to America.
The total quantity re-exported to the
end of July was 400,0000 hundredweight,
compared with 459,000 hundredweight tor
the corresponding period of 1902. During
June and July the quantities re-exported
were 72.000 hundred weight and 70,000 hun
dredweight, respectively.
Regarding future options Mr. Balfour
said he saw no objection to the suggested
inquiry. Mr. Balfour stated that tlie cot
ton famine in Great Britain was becoming
serious.
SEN. GORMAN SUGGESTS A
PLATFORM FOR DEMOCRACY
Washington, August 6.—i Special.) Se:t
r.ioi Gcrmii. in bl-' talk w,‘.'i il"> newspa
per men on his return from Europe suc
cessfully parried all questions as to his
candidacy for the presidency, but his
reply to the question as to what he re
garded as the paramount issues for next
year's campaign is being much discussed
in Washington. “There's a reformation
of the tariff for one thing." said Senator
Gorman, “economy for another, honesty
honesty in public places—is the other."
In this sentence the Maryland senator
suggested t, hat irany democrats believe
wid be three leaning planks in next
year's platform. They believe that tariff
reform, economy and honesty would be
three of the best battle cries with which
the democrats could go into next yen's
fight. Despite the dissatisfaction of many
republicans in all parts of tlie country
with the present trust-sheltering Dingley
law, with its high taxes on the materials
used by American manufacturers and
with its collection from the people of $50,-
000,000 per year more than is necessary
to meet government expenses, it is certain
that the republican party cannot be trust
ed to make any move in the direction of
tariff reform. Tlie revisionists in that
party are being quieted with vague prom
ises of action after the presidential ele
tion. When that election is over, how
ever, the standpatters will find some
other excuse for delay and if the country
must wait for a revision of the tariff
until it is made by the republican. 4 there
is little prospect of anything being done
for years to coma
Gorman and the Tariff.
In some quarters Senator Gorman's
declaration in favor of tariff reform as
one of the loading issues for the next
campaign will occasion some surprise, for
the Maryland senator has been accused
by superficial observers of not being
an advocate of lower tariff taxes, and
his record on the Wilson bill is pointed
to as justifying this accusation. Senator
Gorman's course on the V\ ilson bill, how
ever, will stand the closest scrutiny. It
is a matter of history that that bill when
finally enacted into law and emasculated
by the decision of the supreme court on
its income tax feature, failed to produce
sufficient, revenue for the needs of the
government. How much worse it would
have been and how much larger the bonds
issues of the second Cleveland adminis
tration would have been if tlie Maryland
senator had not kept the fiscal needs
ol’ tile government -w at all times
can only be imagined. Had the income
tax feature remained in the law it. would
have yielded ample revenues, but not
excessive.
Conditions are more favorable for a re
duction of customs taxes than they were
in 1894 when the Wilson law was enact
ed. The expenses of the government have
been unnecessarily increased by the ex
travagant appropriations that have
marked the past few years, but tlie reve
nue producing power oi the country nas
expanded in even greater proportion.
A low average of tariff taxes would yield
a much higher total of revenue than was
the case nine years ago. I'urther than
this when Senator Gorman and his asso
ciates wore insisting that the Wilson bill
rates should be kept up to the proper
revenue producing point they could count
on oniy $143,00(1,000 from internal revenue,
while the internal revenue receipts for
tho last fiscal year amounted to over $230,-
000,000 and they are still rapidly increas
ing.
Policy of Democrats.
Tariff reform, economy and honesty.
The three arc closely Interrelated. Tariff
taxes which take from the people money
in large excess of the needs of the gov
ernment afford a constant temptation to
extravagance and dishonesty. In the
opinion of many democrats the party can
do no better than to take its stand for a
policy that will not take from the pockets
of tlie people more money than the gov
ernment needs and will see to it that the
money collected is economically and hon
estly administered. The record, of the re
publican party since the close of the
Spanish war makes the time very oppor
tune for the adoption of such a policy by
the democrats. The Dingley law has
taken from the people and piled up tn tho
treasury hundreds of millions of dollars
that the government has not needed. De
snite the wasteful extravagance and the
downright, dishonesty that has prevailed
On available cash balance of more
than $300,000,000, which by skillful book
keeping is reduced In the published state
ments to $230,000,000 has been piled up in
the treasury, while Seoetary Shaw and
Secretary Gage, before him, are on record
as saying that $50.W",000 would form a
sufficient’working balance for the treas
ury. It is not strange that republican
senators and representatives in the inter
ests of the beneficiaries of the Dingley
law have appropriated money in tlie most
xviidly extravagant manner in the vain
effort to cut down the growing surplus.
It is not strange that men of little moral
stamina in the government’s service have
taken advantage of the opportunities af
forded by the lavish extravagance of the
government and have sought to enrich
themselves bv divisions with favored con
tractors. Senator Gorman's declaration
for tariff reform, economy and honesty is
most timely.
CLEVELAND TO MEET HANNA.
They Will Discuss the Labor Problem
from Platform.
Chicago, August 4.—Announcement has
been made by Ralph N. Easley, secretary
of the National Civic Federation, that
both Mr. Cleveland and Senator Hanna
will discuss tho labor problem from the
same platform early in October. At that
time a convention will be held for tlie
purpose of inaugurating a movement in
the west to bling capital and labor into
closer relationship.
Teller Robs Bank of
Canton, Ohio, August 6.—A shortage In
the funds of the Cuyna.l bank, which, it
is stated, may reach $22,000, has been dis
covered. The officials of the bank declare
that it will not affect the concern, as ft
has a surplus and undivided profits of
$50,000. Albert AV. Deibel, teller at the
bank, has been removed from his position
and a warrant Issued for his arrest.
Wealthy Man to Poor House.
Binghamton, N. Y., August 6.--Pos
sessed of property said to be worth
thousands, and denied admission to ho
tels and hospitals because he is suffer
ing from cancer, Andrew Murray, ot
Brooklyn, has been admitted to the coun
ty poor house here. His pockets were
•lined with bills when he entered the in
atitotion.
KNOX ASKED TO MAKE
DECISION,
Root in Doubt As To the Violation
of Law by Littauer and There
fore the Opinion of the At
torney General Has
Been Requested.
Washington, August 3.—Secretary Root
today made public all the papers relating
to the investigation into the government
contract for gloves with E. R. Lyon. This
contractor secured the gloves from Lit
tauer Bros., the senior member of the
firm, L. N. Littauer, being a member of
congress. Secretary Itoot has referred
the case to the department of justice
in order that it may be ascertained if the
law has been violated and that appropri
ate measures may be taken in the prem
ises. There is a statute rTiicli prohibits
contracts for tlie government being made
directly or indirectly with a member of
congress, and this was the basis of the
investigation by tho war department.
Colonel Garlington, of the inspector gen
eral's department, was directed by Secre
tary Root to make an investigation of the
whole matter. This was done and his
report referred to Judge Advocate Gen
eral Davis, who made an exhaustive re
view and submitted an opinion to Secre
tary Root.
Littauer and the Contract.
In the course of his report and opinion,
General Davis says:
"It appears from the testimony that
a contract was awarded to Lyon for 3,000
pairs of muskrat gloves at $1,50 per pair.
Later a second contract for 20,000 pairs
was awarded to Lyon at $1.70 per pair, a
stipulation being inserted that deliveries
under it could be Increased ot) per cent, at
tin- discretion of the officer making the
contract. The government took advan
tage of the stipulations of 30,601 pairs
were actually called for, and delivered
under the last contract. Some discus
sion having arisen as to the price which
Lyon was to pay for gauntlets, an agree
ment was entered into between Littauer
Bros, and Lyon to th* effect that an ac
curate account of the cost of manufacture
was to be kept, and it, after the contract
was completed, it should prove that the
cost of manufacture should not equal $1.65
per pair, Lyon was to receive one-half
of the profits. There was a profit of
$3,537, one-half of which was credited to
Lyon on tho books of Littauer Bros. A
ease falling within the piovlslon of tho
statute is clearly shown in the testimony,
which in the opinion of this officer
charges the department with the per
formance of the duty set forth in section
3739 of tlie revised statutes; and it is
therefore recommended that a demand
be made by the quartermaster general
upon the firm of Littauer Bros, for the
repayment of whatever sum is found to
have been paid in consideration of the
contract winth E. R. Lyon, as extended,
in accordance with its terms, by tlie quar
termaster's department.
Opinion of Attorney General.
"Having regard to the high penalties of
the statutes above cited, which requires
it to receive a strict construction at the
hands of the department, it is recom
mended that the opinion of the attorney
general be obtained as to whether, in
view of tho fact that the contract has
been completely executed, that the entire
consideration has passed and that the ar
ticles stipulated for have been delivered
to, and have become the property of the
United States, the whole or a portion of
the consideration shall be made the sub
ject of the demand.
“The fact that a member of the con
gress was an active officer of the firm
which made large sales of gloves and
gauntlets to contractors with the quarter
master’s department, should have caused
the officer in charge with the making of
such contracts to scrutinize their execu
tion with a degree of diligence, measured
by the likelihood of an attempted viola
tion of the statute and should also have
caused him to be on his guard for evi
dence of financial weakness on the part
of the principal In the performance of the
agreement. The fact that, it was perfectly
lawful for the bidder to make purchases
of any firm engaged in the making of
gloves', whatever their composition, made
it difficult for the contracting officer to
ascertain whether a corrupt intent exist
ed, so long as the terms of the contracts
xvere carried out In apparent good faith;
and it made it similarly difficult to ob
tain information of a positive character
In respect to the execution of a particu
lar contract that would justify a formal
inquiry. It was the first duty of an of
ficer charged with making purchases in
behalf of the United States to see that,
the articles procured were of standard
quality and that the prices paid were rea
sonable. The testimony elicited during
the course of the investigation showing
tlie prices paid, the profits realized and
the, numerous rejections of goods which
fell short of the standards established by
the department shows that this duty was
thoroughly and conscientiously per
formed."
■ ■ - '
The South’s Negro Regiment.
(From The New York Press.)
The war department has unearthed a bit of
forgotten history. When the uncivil war broke
out New Orleans had a negro population of
26,000. ‘»f whom ne.arlj* half, or 12.000.. were
free. The free negro population had been as
high as 25,000. but tho growing excitement
had driven many mulattoes and quadroons to
France. They had French blood In their vc-iiia
Tightly Loched From
Nervous Spasms.
Physicians Could
Not Prevent Fits.
Dr. Miles* Nervine Cured
My Wife.
Dr. Miles' Nervine has been successfully
tried in thousands of cases of nervous disor
ders, but neverlhas it made a better record than
when used in the treatment of fits or spasms.
Thousands of testimonials prove this, and in
nearly every instance the writer has stated
that the fits ceased after the first dose of Ner
vine was given. The statement is repeated
in the following:
“Seven years ago my wife commenced
having spasms or fits and 1 called in my
home phvsician and he said she was para
lyzed. He rubbed her with salt water and
gave her calomel and she eventually got
some better, but in a short time she had
another attack. She was confined to her
bed for three months and the doctor could
not help her. She had fits frequently, some
times very severe. Iler hands would cramp
so we could not open them and she finally
got so her jaws would become locked.
Finally I saw the doctor was doing her no
good and ordered a bottle of Dr. Miles’ Re
storative Nervine. She received so much
benefit from the first bottle that I got some
moie. She has taken a number of bottles
but has never had a fit since taking the first
dose. She also thinks very highly of Dr.
Miles’ Nerve and Liver Pills and is never
without them. If there is any way of mak
ing this testimonial stronger do so because
of the good the Dr. Miles Restorative Nerv
ine did mv wife.” —Wm. Y. Allen, P. M.,
Elkville, Miss.
All druggists sell and guarantee first bot
tle Dr. Miles’ Remedies. Send for free book
on Nervous and Heart Diseases. Addrest
rir. Miles Medical Co- Elkhart, Ind.
ROYS
t ' ■ ,' , , ■ ' ■ . ! -L I
K I A r nx-x-vr who is willing to work a few hours I
W I JOO J' after school on Fridays and on I
K I Saturdays can earn many dollars by selling D
I THE SATURDAY
| EVENING POST L
H | among his neighbors and relatives. You can i
Et i begin at once. Absolutely no money K \ g ,
m I needed to start. Write us to-day and we \ I i \ g
H g will send you the first week’s supply "A'ja
H S of ten copies free. This will provide nCcJ !
■ S fifty cents capital with which to start , | I
| after that all the copies you require A g !
at the wholesale price. 5225 in extra V SATURDA * 1 |
i cash prizes were distributed last month gfes EVENING I
among boys who did good work ; the same I
amount will be distributed next month among f POST I
! those who sell five or more copies a week.
This is in addition to the profit on every
E copy sold. -O )
I Don’t Delay—Write To-Day :
|| lfyouwilltryitwewilltakealltheri.sk. Just
ra write saying that you will do so and everything '
necessary will be sent. f
H The Curtis Publishing Company. 411 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. g
and all spoke the French language fluently.
Those who remained In New Orleans were gen
erally men of property, or mechanics. Some
had received a good education abroad. Many
were slave owners. These caught the war f»*-
ver and organized a negro regiment of eight
companies for the “protection of the sou tn.
They were under negro officers commissionei’
b> tlie governor and styled themselves the Na
tive Guards of Louisiana! 1
The south was suspicious of these troops,
and they were never allowed to go to the
front. Butler called them to arms when tie
held the city and enlisted them on the federal
side as the First Louisiana Native* Guards.
Colon-.! Bassett wa« placed in comman l. witn
ail the oilier oflicers negroes. You remeiv
ber the familiar cry- -“-\n>l the color, d troops
fought nobly at Port Hudson.” They were
the Native Guarl*. One of the captains,
i Andre Caillioux. lost his life and became the
hero of the negro soldiers It Is known, of
couree that In the last -lay of the contederacy
Mr. Davis’ cabinet seriously discussed the ad
visability of arming the slaves to drive back
the northern invaders. Mr. Davis himself
favored the plan, but abandoned it becatwe
it w;ls pointed out that to take the negroes
from the farms would deprive the south oi its
food supply.
The Bible Suits All.
The Premium Bible came three or tour
weeks ago, hot do not think It is lack or
appreciation that I have not expressed
my thanks sooner, for 1 assure you that
It came in good time, as I was wishing
tor a new one. and one of that size, it
is the nicest I have ever seen
MRS. A. E. HUDSON.
Paris, Tex., January .21, 1906.
SEVEN YEARS FOR BOODLEF’.
Former Councilman Lehmann Sen
tenced at St Louis.
st Louis. August 3.—ln the circuit
court today Judge Ryan sentenced Ju
lius Lehmann, former member of the
house of delegates, to seven years' Im
prisonment in the penitentiary on the
charge of bribery in connection with the
city lighting boodle deal.
On request of Circuit Attorney Folk
the parsing of sentences on Charles I'■
Kelly, former speaker of the house and
former Delegates Edmund Bers-h and
ChXs Denny was deferred. Kelly was
convicted of perjury and the others of
brib Ty in connection with 'the same deal.
Boodle Charges Against Solons.
Jefferson City, M 0... August A spe
cial grand jury to inquire into legislative
boodling w.as impaneled today by Judge
Hoztll. In the course of his charge to
the jury. Judge Ilazcll said:
“The impression widely prevails in this
state that dishonesty was practiced in
bills pending before the legislature; that
'sand-bagging' was indulged in; that 'hold
ups’ were common; tluit legislators re
sorted to questionable methods and crim
inal acts by accepting money from those
who were financially interested in cer
tain legislation. ft is further the im
pression that these rnatters have not been
probed to the bottom.
"AVe now, charge you to make a thor
ough investigation of these charges
against the legislative department of our
state government, as well as against all
bribe givers, and if any one is believed
to be guilty, so as to warrant a con
viction. yoq should bring in a bill or
an indictment against him. No good cit
izen should submit tamely and quietly
to such proceedings as are charged
against the receni general assembly and
others."
UNIVERSITY IS LOSING MONEY.
President Harper Refuses To Pay
Chicago Water Bills.
Chicago. August s.—The superior court
has been called upon to decide whether
the University of Chicago is operated for
gain or is it a purely religious and char
itable institution?
The city of Chicago takes one view of
the case and the university the other.
It all came about over a bill for water.
The city has been supplying water to
the university without receiving any pay
for it, until the bill ran up to $2,800.
Then It sent a collector to call on Dr.
William R. Harper.
The collector came back without the
cash, and then Superintendent Nourse
threatened to shut off the water, where
upon the university management petition
ed the court for an injunction to restrain
the city from carrying out Us threat
It is based upon the city ordinance ex
empting from the payment of water bills
religious, charitable or educational insti
tutions not operated for gain. President
Harper avers_that the university is run
ning behind at the rate of $200,000 a
year. _
FROM CHICAGO TO BRAZIL.
The Little Steamer San Salvador
Will Sail.
Chicago, August 6.—One of the longest
trips ever undertaken by a steamer of
its size and construction will be that
of tlie little Brazilian steam ship San
Salvador, now in Chicago. The vessel
has just come from a ship yard at
AVinthrop harbor, near Waukegan, and
it will be necessary to follow a course
of nearly 6.000 miles long to deliver the
boat In Maranhao.
It will go through the Illinois and
•Michigan canal and the Illinois and Mis
sissippi rivers to New Orleans. Thence
it will go through the Lake Borgne
canal to the coast and skirt the coast
states and islands until it reaches its
home port. The San Salvador will bo
commanded by Captain Jake Chapman,
of Concago, and its owner, Robert Wahl,
a Maranhao merchant, will make the trip
on the craft.
LIGHTNING EXECUTES
PERFECT PHOTOGRAPH
Blackshear, Ga., August 6.—(Special.)—
During a thunder storm about half-past
1 o'clock this afternoon the home of John
D. Riggins, about one mile west of town,
was struck by lightning and his little 12-
year-old son, Harry, instantly killed. The
house is a three-room frame structure.
The center room is the family living
room, while immediately in front of this
is a bed room with two beds. Between
these two rooms is a large trrick chim
ney.
In the room were Mr. and Mrs. Rig
gins and four small children, Miss Ora
Barnes, a sister of Mrs. Riggins, and two
small children of C. Leon Johnson. They
had just finish'd eating and were dis
cussing the approaching storm when the
discharge which brought such terrible ha
voc occurred. The bolt struck the chim
ney. tearing it down, hurling bricks all
over the room. One hit Mr. Riggins on
top of the head, cutting a deep gash and
stunning him for about a second. Mrs.
Riggins was stunned, but not seriously
injured.
It is here the mysterious side of the
affair comes in. Little Harry, who was
playing fully 60 feet distant under a pecan
tree, was instantly killed, while Ray Rig
gins. still further away, was sever> iy
shocked, but otherwise uninjured. On the
body of Harry is perfectly portrayed a 1
pecan tree. The picture is as perfect nr- \
a photograph and there is absolutely no ./
other mark on the body. /
SCHWAB QUITS STEEL TRUST.
He Is Succeeded as President by
William E. Corey.
i New A’ork. August 4.—The resignation
of Charles M. Schwab, as president of
the United States Steel Corporation, was
tendered and accepted at a meeting of
the directors today. AVilliam E. Corey
was unanimously elected his successor.
Mr. Schwab's resignation caused no
surprise in financial circles, where it
had for some time been foreshadowed.
The new president was for years one of
Andrew Carnegie’s ablest lieutenar.ts and
is now president of the Carneg’e Steel
Company, one of the subsidiary rjn. erns
of the United States Steel Corp ration.
It is sear.-.'ly more than a month .igo
that Mr. Corey was made assistant to
I the president. Mr. Schwab, h t tse of
tho latter’s continued ill health.
Mr. Schwab attended today's meeting
of the directors, coming to town, it was
said, for that especial purpose He ap
peared to be in good health and s: irits.
and seemed rather glad to be relieved
of the duties imposed on the chief ex
ecutive of the “billion dollar" < .rpora
tion.
The formal announcement of Mr.
Schwab's resignation says ill health was
the cause.
How the Sporting- Editor Reported
the Sermon.
The theological reporter of an exchange
being out of the city, the sporting . litor
was sent to church, witli instructions to
carefully review the sermon that was to
ba preached by an eminent visiting di
vine. says The Buffalo Enquirer. The
sporting editor was up against a hard
proposition, but he proceeded to make
good as follows:
“The weather was perfect and the
grand stand and bleachers were packed.
The Rev. Dr. Blankety-blank was in the
box for the Unitarians, and he certainly
had everything in the book. AVhen he
tackled the New Jerusalem he used, the
slow ball artistically, but when U warm
ed up on hades he had speed to burn and
whipped them over like a shot. He had
swell control, and never lost sight of the
plate for a minute, specially after it had
been passed around.
“The choir did a good deal of rooting
from the players’ bench, and occasionally
a voice from the bleachers yelled 'Amen!'
Although it was an extra inning game he
never let up for a minute and had the vis
itors properly hook' d up thiough cit. put
ting some of them to sleep. If he can
only keep up the pace the big league is
open for him next season
Survivors of Company C, Eighth
Georgia.
Editor Constitution: AVIH you kindly inquire
it there are any survivors of the Httie band
that were captured with me 8 miles below
Hlchmond on the Darla town road’ There were
eighty-seven of us skirmishing AVe were cap
tured by Butler's forces. A deserter from our
C'Uc.pany had Informed Butler of our move
ments. AA’o were put under a negro guard
at Dutch Gap: were worked ten hours a day
on one-fourth rations.
Lee found out we were there, pent a nag
of truce and offered to ex -hange prisoners, but
we were sent to Point Lookout, where we were
kept six months, guarded by negroes all the
time.
Ours was company C, Eighth Georgia,
would like to hear front any one who was
with me In that dark *l me - „
NORMAN STRATH AM.
Abbeville. Ga.
■■ ♦ -
CASTOR 1A
For Infants and. Children.
The Kind You Have Always Bough.
Bears the Xy
Signature of
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