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4 I Life and Times I * b ’ Thomas Jefferson j • Being the First Part o/a History o/the United States j+ ' CHAPTER LI. Th* federalist school of historians have | beet! very severe on Jefferson and Madi- Hon because of the war of 1812. The harshest words of the vocabulary have been applied to them; and Mr. Theodore Roosevelt has been intemperate enough to say that Mr. Jefferson was perhaps the most incapable executive that ever filled the presidential chair." (J) Living in New England. Woodrow Wil son catches the color of the leaf upon which he feeds; and he, also, raises his southern voice in condemnation of Mr. Jefferson, accusing him virtually with re sponsibility for the war of 1812. "Mr. Jefferson had become deeply entangled" (with France) "beyond hope of extra a tion, had become the professed friend of France,” etc. "Friendly dealings With England had been given up." etc Was ever the truth of history so dis torted? Di 1 Thomas Jefffferson really yrovoke patient England into the war of 1812 by giving to her the cold shoul der, while to France he gave warm em braces? Had our dealings with Great Britain been friendly until our "most in capable executive” entered upon rhe of fice? The literal facts are that our relations to England ami to France had be* a fixed before Mr. Jefferson was elected, r.nd that he did n>t change them. Wash ington had made the treaty with Great Britain; Adams had made that with France. Friendly ministers representing both those powers were at Washington when Jeft’erscn became pr sldent. an; they remained throughout it's I'-rm. In the purchase of Louisiana h* had not entangled himself with X.<p>!<on at all. In his efforts'to buy Florida from Spain he asked the "good offices" of France because it had been understood that they would If give... Napoleon re fused to say a word in o r behalt and the matter ended What that Jefferson had done tjiat had carried him "beyond the hope of extrication?” As to England, the facts are equally I clear. Mr. Jefferson exhaust'd • very . effort from first to last to seen: honor able treaty relations after the expira- : tion of the Jay treaty; ami he was so < patient, so persistent, so earnestly eon- I dilatory that nothing drove him to break with England. Sb might S'-ize our m< r- i chantmen. impress our -ailors, kill cit izens in our harbors, as at New’ York; ; riddle a war vessel and bloody its d. k, as at the enframe of ; Chesapeake; i and still the president strove for peace. , Josiah Quincy flung at him the taunt in I congress that "Hi’- num J-tratioa cm::.l not be kicked into war" with Great D: it- > a In. Yet the transplant- . so therner, Wo ■- row Wilson, discovers that Jefferson broke off fri. ~.!!y hillings with Eng- , lend and brought on the w.ir I.; go.ng . so fur in fri-i dsliip to Frame th.it he A v as "beyond hope of extrication.” < Where rest- tr. kune fcr th.- war with Great Britan It must have been i< on her, for sT' " .tied the ora-is in i council, stopped the iinprissrnent of sea- 1 men, recognized th principle that "free . ships make free goods" -the points at ’ issue between us. I Do Jelfe on and Madison deserve the wh.. !< sale abuse they got from the fed- i hralist school of historian.-:-abtise based 1 upon th" as- '"oil that the uititry w.f. t rot put in state of defense? i The president alone cannot prepare a < republic for war He must be supported by congress and the country It was the 1 misfortune of both Jefferson and Madison I ; not to have that support. ■ i The greatest weakness In tile position i 1 of these two presidents at this crisis was I New England That gr, at section was > 1 honeycombed with conspiracy and the j ' impulse toward secession. Presidents I and presidential policies were denounced I: NEW JERSEY’S MONUMENT AT ANTIETAM UNVEILED Sharpsburg, MJ.. Sopt.-m .-r 17. I’mler lowering skies the ma till! ■ ■ tnonu- ■ of Antietam . y tie- 1 -' ,>•> f N<w Jersey to its men who fell in the great engagement, was dedicated t.idav. The occasion was ren.li'i'-.i ; .irti • larlj not ; hie by the partlcpation in the remonies of the president of the I - t. .1 States and of Governor Morph’ ti e .>?•■ . XC'ii'llve of the state will h Was honoring its he- At Hagerstown, Md., tile pr slJent ad dressed several hundred pe*>pl«'. At 10 <>'< '■> 1; tile president and Gov ernor Mnt ulit , tneompauied by Senators Kean and 1 ir entire party and hundreds of Itlzeirs, I.■:’(;> Sharpsburg station for tie' Lunou- old Dirnkard church on the bat 1 !' he'd Os Antietam. There the veteran, formed in columns of four.- dent. Gox emor Murphy and distinguished guests to the monument. The m< of an ornate Corinthian column of granite 40 feet high, surmo.inte i ay a heroic figure In bronze of nt officer with upraised sword leading his men in charge. Governor Murphy, of New Jersey, ac cepted tlie monument in m address. President Roosevelt. as lie arose to ac cept tlie monument on behalf of the fed eral government, was act orded an ova tion. Part of the speech follows; President Roosevelt's Speech. The president said. In part- Glovernnir Murphy; ami You, Veter ans of New Jersey: and You. Men of the Grand Army, and All Others Here. J Greet You: I thank yon of N»w jersey for the monument to the troops of New Jersey who fought at Antietam, end on behalf of the nation 1 accept the gift. We meet today' upon one of the great battle fields of the civil war. No o'her battle of the civil war last ing but one day shows as great a per centage of loss as that which occurred here upon the day on which Antietam was fought. Moreover, In its ultimate effects this battle was of momentous and ever decisive importance, for when it had ended and Lge had retreated south I A NOTED I This Century Has Developed a Most | /**■ s£.. Wonderfully Successful Specialist. * [S? i s>ic< <--»fiil Specialist iii the cure of Deep Seated ami Chronic £ I’’” Disease, Dr. '• <’• < «>*<•. The I'amoiH Hoot and Herb Doctor, ? ¥5 £S’ Mamls alone the Proven Superior of them all. No nufferer Hbonld // :‘Vt up Hope until Dr. < Ole haw Declared the case incurable. No V matter how long you have been a sufferer, no matter where your disease is located he ran tell you just what is wrong and howto obtain a perm:i iieiif and lasting* cur**. We have a perfect system of home treal \ ment. 11l Chronic Diseases Successfully TreHed. Write us t<>-day f r our method has never been excelled. DR. A. C. COLE & CO., Empire Bldg., Atlanta, Ca. [ln pulpits, newspapers, town meetings, legislatures and gubernatorial proclama tions. Treasonable correspondence with Great Britain was kept up, her repre sentatives were encouraged by New Eng land leaders to resist all of the presiden tial overtures for honorable adjustment, signal lights blazed along her coasts giving friendly notice to British ships. Thus these two presidents were placed in the most embarrassing position ever occupied bj American presidents; they had to cope at the same time with sedi tion at home and invasion abroad. This great indisputable fact not only accounts for the lack of executive vigor, but explains also the secret of tin: disas ters which befell our arms. The attitude of New England demoralized the soldiers tn the ranks. How could they put heart in the light when one great portion of the national family was denouncing the war as infamous, tolling the bells, hang ing out public signs of mourning, hold Ing communications with the enemy, and threatening secession from the union? For instance, there was General Hull, ol Connecticut, who had fought bravely in the revolutionary war. Placed inside the fort at Detroit, the safety of the en tire northwest depended upon his main tenance of his post, yet when an army of British and Indians, no larger than his own, came up on the outside of the works and demanded ills surrender, lie ran up the cowardly white flag- without tiring a shot. We not only lost the north west by this shameful capitulation, but its demoralizing influence was beyond all calculation. What was the matter with officers and men? Why had tiie American soldier so suddenly lost his luck and his pluck? There is but one explanation. They had no stomach fur the war. The course of New England divided and paralyzed the men behind the guns. Mr. Roosevelt explains it ail by saying that the troops had not been drilled. Jefferson and Madison had been neglect ing the drilling. Did soldiers inside of a fort need drilling to hold it against Brit ish and Indians outside? Could discipline and experience do any good where the veteran general of the revolutionary war rat on the ground witli tobacco juice oozing down his chin, refusing to give the order to fight? Was the young Virginian hero, George i rogan, helped by drilled soldiers when with IGO men lie held Fort Stephenson against an army of British and Indians'.' M re the twenty-eight Georgians who. under William Cone, drove away from the St. Mary river twenty-seven barge loads of British regulars under General Prevost—killing 18’u and wounding as many-were they drilled soldiers? Who drilled the riflemen who rode to j King's mountain? No sane man underrates the value of drill and discipline, the regular army or ganization. but some of the defeats of the war of 1812 were so Inexcusable that they challenge inquiry into luses. Volunteer soldiers did great things during bur rev olution, during our Indian wars, and dur Ing ti>e late civil war. The magnificent fighting done by the heroic Boers in their recent struggle for freedom, against a world in arms, was not. due to drilling or ; to regular organization. What, then, was the secret of the dis asters of the land forces of the war of IM2? More than anything else. it was the lack of patriotism in New England and tiie evil, weakening influence of her example. For the. American had done sublime things and it was in hint to do them yet. .-11 l that he needed was a leader who put bls heart into the light, and who meant to win or die. And at last we found him. While New England delegates were getting r- ady to > .— <|) Roosevelt - s Naval Mar of 1812, vol. I xl. p. 198. I of the Potomac, Lincoln forthwith pub lished that immortal paper, the prelim inary declaration of emancipation; the pa per which decided that the civil war, besides being a war for the preservation of the union, should be a war for the emancipation of the slave, so that from that time onward the causes of union and freedom, of national greatness and Individual liberty, were one and the same. Men of New Jersey, I congratulate your state because she has the right to claim her full share in lire honor and glory of that memorable day: and 1 con gratulate you, Governor Murphy, because on that day you had the high good fortune to serve as a lad with credit anu honor in one of the live regiments which your state.sept to the battle. if the issue of Antietam had been other than it was, it is probable that at least two great .European powers would have recognized the independence of tire confederacy; so that you who fought here forty-one years ago have’the profound satisfaction of feeling tiiat you played well your part in one of .those crises big with .tlie fate of all mankind. You men of the grand army by your victory not only rendered all Americans your debt ors forevermore, but you rendered all hu manity your debtors, if the union had been dissolved, if the great edifice built with blood and sweat and tears by mighty Washington and ills compeers had gone down in wreck and ruin, the result would have been an jpcalculable calamity, not only for our people-and most of all for those who, in such event, would have seemingly triumphed—but for all man kind. The great American republic would have become a memory of derision; and tile failure of the experiment of self government by a great people on a great scale would have delighted the heart of every foe of republican institutions. Our country, now so great and so wonderful, would have been split into little jangling rival nationalities, each witli a history both bloody and contemptible. It was because you. the men who wear the but ton of the Grand Army, triumphed in I those dark years that every American I now holds his head high, proud in the THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION: ATLANTA. GA.. MONDAY. SEPTEMBER SI, 1903, travel to Hartford to hold the first seces sion convention ever held on this conti nent, the volunteers of the south were trumping along the country roads as fast as they could go—to meet face to face the trained, seasoned, thoroughly drilled British soldiers who had chased the ea gles of Napoleon from every battle field In Spain. And there these volunteers whom Jefferson and Madison had not drilled, but whom Andrew Jacksor knew how to lead, gave to Great Britain the bloodiest defeat which a small force ever inflicted on a larger one in the history of modern warfare. Mr. Roosevelt’s War of ISJ2 was written in 1882. At that time it may have been thought by military experts that the da.i of the militia, the untrained volunteers, was eternally over. It was after 1882 that the undrilled farmers of South Africa taxed tile utmost strengtli of the British empire and ex hausted themselves beating the British. It was after 1882 that Theodore Roosevelt I "Ok his midrilled volunteer.-, the Rough Riders, to tiie Spanish war and led them to victory and immortality at San Juan. The speed of the fleet being that of the slowest vessel, the strength of the chain being that <>f the weakest link, Mr. Jef ferson and Mr. Madison were both aw fully weighed down by tho disunion movements in the lieiiest. best educated, most religious and best organized section of the union. Historians who will not grant them al lowance for this terrible weakness in their position are mere partisans—not his torians. How the disloyal attitude of New England affected Mr. Midisou. let ■William Wirt teil. lie went on a visit to Washington just after the British, raid. In a letter to his wife iie describes tha ruins and desolation of the city; he visit. i d the remnants of the white house, the smoke-blackened bare walls, without roof, cracked and ready to fall, lie call ed on the president. "He looks miser ably shattered ;nd woebegone. In short, he looked heai 1 broken. His mind is full of the N' w England sedition." Mr. Mad ison Introduced the subject, expressed his fi-ars that New England would secede and make common cause with Great Brit ain. Mr. Wirt tried to calm his appre hensions upon that subject, but without success. "His mind and heart were full of the subject.” Heart-broken by the conduct of New England I If that w.is the feeling of the president, what must have been the spirit of the New England troops—to say nothing of the others? Washington had been looted. Hie public buildings wrecked, an army of 7,000 put to flight by the mere appearance : of tiie British, who numbered 5.000.* The. I President, his wife, the cabinet, congress —all hud to tly Hie capitol. in a little hut in the Virginia woods Mr. Madison spent a nig’ht in misery while, his wife contin ued her retreat. Fugitives from 'Wash ington insulted him as they ll"d—a.s the author of their misfortunes In Hamp ton it v.i.s reported that the Britisli had commit ed • verj outrage known to war and had invited the negroes to join them in the atrocities. Baltimore was more ; fortunate. The British met bloody re pulse—their commander. General Ross, being among the slain.** *On Hie way up the Potomac, when the. British ve-stls were passing Mount Ver non the officers stood on deck witli their hats off—a silent tribute to George Wash ington. ♦•Readers will remember that Francis S. Key imd been sent on board a British ship to negotiate an exchange of prison ers, that lie w.is detained through the bombardment and that, next morning when he saw tiie Stars and Stripes still i flouting above lore McHenry he wrote j the "Star-Spangled Banner” under the inspiration of his joy. ■ Writing- to William Gary Nicholas, Mr. knowledge that lie belongs to a nation I whose glorious past and great present will I is- c. i ded by an even mightier fu- j ture; Wherias had you failed we would I all of us. north and south, east and west, I be now treated by other nations at the | best witli contemptuous tolerance; at tlie I worst with overbearing insolence. The patriotism, the courage, the un flinching resolution and steadfast endur ance' of tiie soldiers whose triumph was crowned at Appomattox must be sup plemented on our part by civic courage, civic honesty, cool sanity, and steadfast adherence to the immutable laws of righteousness. Tribute to Men of Dixie. You left us a reunited country; reunited in fact as well as in name. You left us the right of brotherhood with your gal lant foes who wore tlie gray; the right to | feel pride in their courage and their high • fealty to an ideal, even though they war- I red against the stars in their courses. ■ You left us also the most splendid exant- I pie of what brotherhood really means; for I in your careers von showed in practical fashion that tlie only safety in our Amer lean life lies in spurning the accidental distinctions which sunder one man from another, and in paying homage to each man only because of what he essentially is; in stripping off the husks of occupa tion, of position, of accident, until the soul stands forth revealed, and we know the man only because of Ills worth as a man. Tie re was no patent device for securing vietory by force of arms forty' years ago; and there is- no patent device for securing vietory for the forces of righteousness tn civil life now. In each case the all-im portant factor was and is the character of ' the individual man. Good laws in the state, like a good organization in an army, are tlie expressions of national ■ character. Leaders will be developed In military and in civil life alike; and weapons and tactics change from generation to gen eiatfon, as methods of achieving good t government change tn civic affairs; but f tlie fundamental qualities which make r for good citizenship do not change any I, more than the fundamental qualities g which make good soldiers. In the long v tun in the civil war tlie thing that eount s >'d for more than aught else was the . fact that the average Aineri.-an had the n lighting edge-; had within him the spirit „ I which spurred him on through toll and e | (larger, fatigue an.l hardship, to the goal ;of the splendid ultimate triumph. So in achieving good government Hie fun damental factor must lie the character of the aveiage citizen; that average citi zen's power of hatred for what is mean and base and unlovely; his fearless scorn of cowardice and his determination to war unyieldingly against the dark and sordid forces of evil. The continental troops who followed Wt st ington were clad tn blue and buff, ai d were armed with clumsy, flintlock muskets. You, who follow’'d Grant, vi re the famous old blue uniform, and your weapons had changed ns had your eiiform; and new the men of the Ameri can army who uphold tlie honor of th< flag in the far tropic lands arc yet dif ferently armed and differently clad and ■ Madison says: "You are not mistaken in viewing the conduct of the eastern states 1 as the source of our greatest difficulties in carrying on the war; as it certainly Is the greatest, if not the sole inducement to the enemy to persevere in it.” This was tiie truth—the simple, ruinous truth. New England not only weakened the republic in the hour of distress, but strengthened the enemy. Stephen Decatur blockaded in New England. Connecticut, by a superior fleet of British, and attempt ing to steal out to sea on a dark night, was betrayed by his own New England countrymen who displayed blue lights to warn the English ships. Heartbroken by the treason of his peo ple and fearful of a. disruption of the union, Mr. Madison was forced to con sent to a. peace which left unsettled the issues in dispute. But for Jackson’s vic tory at New Orleans, tiie war of 1812 would have been a remembrance to excite shame rather than pride. Due to Jefferson’s "criminal folly" in not preparing the country, says Mr. Roosevelt. "Criminal is a term which might better be applied to the congress which would not supply tho sinews of war and to the course of that great section which divided the house against itself. The one bright spot on our war record from the first was our navy. Whose '‘criminal folly" made that navy efficient, gave it a taste of service and of victory? Thomas Jefferson did it by declaring war upon Washington's "great and magnanimous friend,” tiie "Barbary pirate." Instead of Sending tribute and letters of flattery, Jefferson sent warships. Dale, Bainbridge, Decatur, made the Mediter ranean training ground for the young American navy, exercised it in aictual battle, strengthened it on the strong wine of victory and thus made it ready for the war of 1812. That this was done, that, we fought the Mohammedans rather than continue to pay them, that we had a navy which had learned how to tight and how to win, was due to the timid, in capable executive. Thomas Jefferson. The arm which cannot be improvised is the navy, and tile glory of tiie war of 1812 was won on tiie sea. Ferry, Mc- Donough, Decatur, Hull, Lawrence, are names Americans will ever honor. So it would seem that somebody had been making naval preparations I’m- war. To the impartial student it will also ap pear that what the army most needed was generals who were willing to fight and knew how, ami a spirit of determina tion in the troops. ' Tiie cit.v of Baltimore was In no very good condition to resist the Britisli, and there was talk in tiie council of capitu lation. The venerable John Eager How ard rose with all bis revolutionary hero ism aflame, and cried: "I have as much property in this city as any one man, anil 1 have five sons in tiie army—but sooner than surrender to the British I will sacrifice my prop erty and see my sons in their graves." One man like this inspires a whole com munity, becomes a tow r of strength to the weak, a beacon light, to the doubtful, a bugle-blast to tin 1 wavering. To make tile salvation of a nation de pend upon drill sergeants and West Point regulations is the veriest nonsense that was ever put in a book—-the mental soap bubble of rampant militarism. CHAPTER LIT. One day a grandchild of Mr. Jefferson asked him why he would not state his religious creecT; he replied: "If l inform you of mine, they will in fluence yours—l will not take the re sponsibility of directing any one’s views on flic subject.” in his letters, he enters so frankly into his beliefs that nothing is left to conjec ture. JI.- believ-d in God-one, not three. He believed in a future life in which we should know those whom we had I I 'ilfferentlv trained; but the .-pint tnat I has driven you all to vietory has re- In.ircd forever unchanged. I So it is in civil life. As you did not "i;i in a month or a year, but "hly afier lorg wars of in.rd and dangerous work, Iso the light for governmental honesty and efficiency can be won * nly by the display of similar patience and similar resolution an t power of en .lurance. We need the same type of character now ll.at was needed by the men who with Washington first inaugurated lb" system of free 1 oj.t.lar government. the system of combined liberty and order Imre on this ccntlnent; tiiat w is. needed by the men who under Lincoln perp-'lna ted the gmarr.ment which had lints been in augurated in tlie days of Washington. The qualities essential to good citizen ship and to good public s r.-ice new' are in all their essentials exactly the same as ; j<n the il.'ivs when the fir-r congresses I met to provide for the establishment of I the union; as in the days, seventy years I later, when the congresses met which j ha I to provide for its salvation. There are many qualities which we I need alike in private citizen and in pttb ! lie man, but three above .all- three for tlie lack of wl leh no brilliancy and no genius can atene —and those three are court ge. honesty, an.l common sense. While President Roosevelt was speak ing rain began to fall In torrents. The stand bad a canvas cover but the water wont through It as if It was a sieve. When a by-stander offered to hold over hint an umbrella the president waved it aside, remarking: “I don’t care for IL If (indicating- the assemblage) they can stand it 1 can.” Turning to the crowd he said, laugh ingly: "I don't feel sorry for you old veterans. You will not melt'. I do feel sorry for the ladies.” After the benediction had been pro notiTi'ced the president held an infornni.l reception In the rain, shaking hands witli several hundred ex-soldiers, CURES WEAK MEN FREE. Insures I<ove and a Happy Home for All. How any man may quickly cure himself after of •4U fieri ng fn»rn sexual weaknet-H, lost vitality, night losses, varicocele, etc., and en large small, weak organs to full size and vig‘.»r. Simply send your name and address to Dr Knapp Medical Co., 700 Hull Building, Detroit, Mich., and they will gladly send free receipt with full directions so that any man may taslly cure himself at home. This is cer tainly a most generous offer, ami the following extracts taken from their daily mail show what men think of their generosity: “Dear Sirs--Please accept my sincere thanks f,,r yours of recent date. I have given your treatment a thorough test and the benefit has be< n exttaordinary. It has completely braced ine up. J am just as vigorous as when a boy and you cannot realize how happy I am.” • Dear Sirs —Your method worked beautifully. Results were exactly what 1 needed. Strength and vigor have completely returned and en largement is entirely satisfactory.” “Dear Sirs—Yours was received and I had no trouble in making use of the receipt as direct ed. ami can truthfully say it is a boon to weak men. I am greatly Improved in size, strength and vigor.” . AH correspondence is strictly confidential, mailed m plain, sealed envelope. The receipt D- free f"t- the asking and they want every man to have it. i4'**b<4-«*{-**!'**l**4***t**4**4 , *4** , i***i***i'**i Si • ' i ( • H known here. He believed that religion consisted in being good and doing good. He believed In a benevolent design In creation. If he can be classed witli any church at all. he was a Unitarian. He was certainly not more orthodox than that. In one of his letters he calls him self a materialist, contrasting himseif with Christ, who was a spiritualist. Ho rejected the Trinity, the divinity of Christ, and the Holy Ghost. lie classed Jesus with Socrates, ami other great teachers, regretting that He wrote nothing, and that wo have to take so much of His doctrine on hearsay. lie, (Jesus) had no one to write for Him as Socrates and Epictetus had, but, on the contrary, tiie learned men of his country were all against him for fear that His teachings might undermine their power and riches. His doctrines therefore fell to ignorant men, who wrote from memory long after the transactions had passed. Notwithstanding these disadvantages, Jesus presented a system of morals which If tilled up in tho spirit of the rich frag ments He left us would be the most per fect and sublime that has ever been taught by man. Whether Mr. Jefferson was acquainted with the system of morals taught among the Hindus long before tiie time of Jesus nowhere appears. It would seem that he compared the system of Jesus with tlje moral teach ings of the Jews, the Romans and the Greeks—not with those of ancient Egypt or of India. He says that Jesus, like other reform ers who try to benefit mankind, fell a victim to the jealousy and combination of the altar and the throne. Hence he did not reach the full maturity and en ergy of his reasoning faculties, and his doctrines were defective as a whole. What he did say has come down to us mutilated, misstated and often unintel ligible. These fragmentary doctrines have been still more disfigured by the corruptions oj |schisn<atizing followers, who have found an interest in perverting the sim ple doctrines he taught, frittering them into subtleties, obscuring them with jar gon until they have caused good men to reject the whole in disgust, and to view Jesus Himself as an impostor. He con tended that it was the priest—not Jesus Himself, who put forward tho claims that His origin was miraculous and divine. ILo read the Bible just as he read Euripides, Aeschylus or Xenophon. From the New Testament he made the volume called Jefferson’s Bible, which contains the life and teachings of Christ, omitting every thing about His miraculous birth and re surreotiun. In writing to a friend about this little book Mr. Jefferson regretted that he did not have time to prepare a similar volume from the teachings of Epicurus -a philosopher whom he defends against Cicero and the Stolid. Writing to the son of his dearest friend, Dabney Carr, he tells this young man, his nephew 4 to put the Bible on a par with Livy and Tacitus, to read the one just as he would the others; and by ’ Inference as plain as. inference can be, advises him t-> reject Hie story that Joshua made the sun stand still, and that Christ was the Son of God, born of a virgin, who reversed ail the laws of nature and as cended bodily into heaven. He tells his young nephew that when he reads of a miracle in the Bible he ought to class it with tiie showers of blood and the statues and animals which In the books of Livy and Tacitus are made to speak. Ta other letters he charges in effect that tho early founders of the Christian church borrowed the idea of the Trinity from tiie Roman Cerberus, which had one body and three heads. Calvin's creed excited his especial horror; and his language was never more violent than when denounc ing it. But the doctrine of the Trinity aroused CARRIED OUT WILD OF KING. Showing the Devotion of Prince Bis marck to Wilhelm I. New York, September 14.—An addition al chapter in the history of the world will be published lu re and in I-ondon tomorrow by the Frederck A. Stokes Company. It consists of tlie correspond ence between William I and Bismarck and other letters from and to Prince Bis marck. In two volumes. These letters, It is stated, me publish ed by tlie late Prince Bismarck's express desire, as lie considered they would show Better than can be done in any other way “the unique relationship which ex sited between him and his august mas ter.” Tiie prince himself selected these letters, which were found, after his death, carefully arranged in portfolios. That William I had a firm hold of the helm of state may be judged from a letter which he sent to Bismarck Janu ary 27, 1863, reading: "I want to remind you, in connection with today’s battle, that today is the birthday of my grandson, my secund suc cessor, if God so wills, which might per haps lie mentioned In a patriotic sen tence If it could be made convenient. “Good luck to you. Make it very clear that the second (lower) house is abusing its rights and is working- tiie ruin of tlie country; that tile upper house has also used its rights and has placed itself on the side of the government.” How well Bismarck carried out his master’s will and introduced tlie “pa triotic sentence” can be seen in the fol lowing extract from a. speech which he made tlie same day, January 27, 1863, in tlie landtag. Tie said: "it’s a remarkable coincidence that the discussion of this manifesto which is to be presented to our royal master takes place on the birthday of the young est presumptive heir to the throne. In this coincidence, gentlemen, we see a re doubled call to enter the lists boldly for the kingly rights, boldly for the rights of his majesty’s successors. The Pros sian kingly office has not yet fulfilled its mission: it is not yet ready to become a 'purely ornamental decoration of your constitution.’’ Througborjjt volume I Is shown Bis marck’s devotion to the king- of Prussia and the latter’s great ability to guide the policy of his kingdom and influence tlie polities of other countries. The second volume contains correspond ence between Bismarck and other notable, personages. MYSTERY ENVELOPS MURDER. Body of Unknown Young’ White Man Is Found in Watermelon Car. Charleston, AV. Va., September I a.—The dead body of a young white mart was dis covered in a freight car loaded with wa termelons In the Chesapeake and Ohio railroad yards here today. His skull was fractured and the pockets of his clothing turned right side out, indicating mur der, with robbery as a motive. From pa- • * By * | i j Thos. E. Watson, j • ' + e i Author of tStory o/ France, j • ’ "Napoleon/’ Etc. + I i C HXM. »» T*«. • his indignation also because It compelled the individual to take leave of his senses. He thought that to compel a sane person to declare that he believed three to be cne, and one to be three, was a priestly triumph over common sense which was degrading to the human race. In 1828 he wrote, “I tn.st there Is not a young man now living In the I nited States who v ill not iie a Unitarian." And In his letter to Pickering lie speaks glowingly of what might result if we could get back to the pure and simple doe trine of Jesus—knocking down artificial scaffolding of the Trinitarians and doing away witli their incomprehensible Jargon that three are one and one are three. He said that the Apocalypse were the ri x ings of a maniac. Nobody could pos sibly understand what it meant. But what theologian ever wrote a more beau tiful letter than this, which tiie great deist left for his little namesake, Thiiiws Jefferson Smith. "This letter will, tc you, be as one from the dead. The writer will be in his grave before you can weigh its coun sel. Adore God. Reverence and cherish ycur parents. Love your neighbor as yourself and your country more than yovrself. Be just. Be true. Murmur not of the ways of Providence. "So shall the life into which you have entered be the portal to one of eternal and Ineffable bliss. And If to the dead ft be permitted to care for the things of this world, every action of your life v ill be under my regard.” This was written tiie year before he died. To Peter Carr, son of Dabney, he wrote: "Give up money, give up fame, give up science, give up earth itself, and all it contains, rather than do an immoral act." Mr. Jefferson had always taken a deep interest In guiding young men in their education, their reading, their studies, and their physical exercises. Even when he himself had barely finished his collegi ate course parents sought his advice as to the course of study for their boys. In this way he mapped out a. programme for weakly little James Madison which camo near making a gap In the Madison family. Janus vould not carry the loa.l which the strength of Thomas Jefferson shouldered with ease. To his two daugh ters and the Carr children, and then to his own grandchildren, Mr. Jefferson wrote line upon line and precept upon precept for three generations, and sounder lessons for the young it would be hard to find. His system may be summed up as fol lows: Exercise In the open air. walking long distances being preferable to all other forms. Violent exercises, such ns games of ball, he condemned. Bodily health is essential to good spirits and to 'a sound mind. Never be idle; let each hour of the day be occupied with something use ful. Do not sit up late at night; study and work in the daytime. Rise early and go to bed early. Avoid novel reading and cultivate the companionship of good books. Never tell a lie or stoop to a mean act. Be kind to every living creature. Speak no evil of any one. Be good, adore God, be loyal to friends, and love your country better than yourself. Take hold of things by the smooth handle; avoid dis putes; do not turn pleasant conversation into heated argument. Too much speak ing is not best. Washington and Franklin rarely made speeches, and never spoke longer than ten minutes—and then to the main point only. Never put off till tomor row' what you can do today. Never spend your money before you have it. Never buy what you do not need because it is cheap. Pride costs more than hunger, thirst and cold. We never repent of hav ing eaten too little. Never borrow trouble. In his old age it was natural that his pers found It is thought his name Is Ahold. The car had been shipped from a point in Virginia near Richmond and arrived here last week, but has not been opened, the agent having no bill for it. The con dition of the body indicated that the man liad been dead several days. He was buried today by order of Gu <jC»-oner. The authorities are working on the case. •. Do You Suffer with PF.es? Do they protrude? Do they bleed? Do they..pain you? Do you have mucous or bloody dta charges? I can certainly cure you. Write me fully. Advice perfectly free. Dr. Tucker, 15 Broad street. Atlanta, Ga. Oklahoma Bank Robbed. Enid, Okla., September 17.—The Dou glass State bank at Douglass was rob bed last night of over $5,000. Tj Je sa f a was blown open with dynamite. A posse is now scouring the country for the thieves. “Bill Arp’s” Last Book. “From the Uncivil War to Date. 1861 to 1903.” With The Weekly Constitution One Year ONLY $2.00. Last Opportunity to Secure This Delight ful Volume. This new book by “Bill Arp” contains fifty-six of his inimita ble letters. Tne selection of them was made by Colonel Smith him. Th. letter. ... .11 .h„..t„l. lic tl ,t. home.p”. ZL.'MwiXY' “>• p„ pl . „ lone b ’ hl . The book contains 410 pages, is upon splendid paper is well printed and bound in cloth and is an ornament to any liiran The offer is to furnish the book with The Weekly ConstituHcr. 7’ for only $2. Part of the proceeds of the sale X’ ! ? Charles H. Smith, Bill Arp’s widow, in her declining yeurJ' POr ir3 ’ If you are already a subscriber to The Weeklv CnLotY . wish the book alone. IT WILL BE MAILED TO YOU UPON X CEIPT OF THE PUBLISHER’S PRICE, $1.25 THIS IS YOT OPPORTUNITY. ? ' IHIS iS YOUK* Address .11 orders, with remltt.tte., by „ f , methods> . The Atlanta Constitution, - - - Atlanta, Ga. interest in the young should Increase. From all parts of the country application* came to him to advise students who ap preciated the value of his wisdom. Noth ing pleased him better than to give am bitious boys the benefit of his experience, and to whet their appetite for knowledge. Thus disciples gathered about him— young men who would secure board in Charlottesville and come to Monticello to use his library. Education’ Education! The word rings throughout th'’ long life of this great statesman. Democracy must spread among the masses the benefits of educa tion; Hie rich must not be allowed to mo nopolize so vast a power. In the long run the mind rules, ideas prevail, the thinker is king. If democracy is to stand Its ground against its ancient eternal foes, it must read, it must think, it must know! When a mere youth in service he had endeavored to adopt a thorough system of state education. He had failed utterly, but he <~i not surrender the purpose. With patient stubbornness he held on to the idea all his life, and never missed a chance to win converts to it. Therefore it was an appropriate round Ing out of his bequest to posterity that he should give his last years to found ing the University of Virginia. It was the old workman’s last job and one of bis best. Had he done for mankind nothing more I is name would have won hcncrable mention among those w ho had benefited the human race. What a chapter of heroic endeavor and success It is! The aged, feeble, debt-ridden man giving a thousand dollars, giving al! of his influence, experli nee, and genius, us ing every act of diplomacy witli factions, captious legislatures, srnoothir g the sharp corners of local prejudice ar d. sectarian jealousy, giving nis thought, time, and labor to every detail of the building and equipment, laboring to overcome inertia, ignorance, crass stupidity, submitting to many slights, snubs, rebuffs, rebukes, misrepresentation, but holding on stead ily year by yea.r until at last the insti tution is there, soaring above all Ob stacles ar.d onpositicn, a fixed fact, a glorious fact.Ja splendid final triumph to this grand oVI warrior In the battles of human progress. It was tiie first thoroughly rrodern school in America. This Benjamin of his o!d age—his uni versity—came near being wrecked by his own nephew, a boy whom ho had been steeping in sage counsels of ten years. A mutinous spirit among the stud ents until, .it length, discipline was at an end and riot took the place of order. The faculty was helpless. Jefferson_and Madison hurried to the scene, spoke to the students with all the earnestness such a crisis aroused in these aged ex pivsidcnts, and succeeded in quelling the disturbance. When Mr. Jefferson dis covered tb.it his own nephew had come so ne.-f> ruining the institution v*. Hi had, cost him so much, and upon which his hepes were so fondly fixed his anger was great, and his words har ii. This nephew and other ringleaders were expelled. (To Be Continued.) •—.—.— BON-TJED RATES ARE REDUCED Fire Underwriters Decide To Reduce Rates on Whisky in Bond. New York. September 19.—Insurance rates on bonded whisky have been reduced 5 Oper cent by the Western Union of Fire Underwriters in annual session here, says a Toronto, Ontario, dispatch to The Jo-urnal of Commerce. Owing to the strict supervision of the government over bond ed houses the fire hazard is the small est. Business has been very ixrofitn.ble, seven or eight years. Rates have been kept up, however, and in consequence there having been practically no losses tn the competition for the business bias been very severe. The Kentucky and Tennes see agents asked to have commissions thrown open so that they could fight. Jfor the business, but the special committee to which the question was referred re ported unanimously in favor of cutting the rate in two instead. ' DEATH OF SARONY. THE ARTIST > Well-Known Photographer Dies at His Home in New York. ’ • New York. September 14.—Otto Sarony, : who for nearly thirty years had an in- • ternational reputation for his work in pertrait photography, is dead at his home In this city from phthisis. H" was the sen of Napoleon Sarony, the crayon artist, and was well known among mem bers of the theatrical profession. Mexican Veteran Association. j Indianapolis. September 17—The Na j tlonal Association of Mexican Veterans ; today elected the following officers: P-.-.-' t j ident, James C. Carlton. Bedford Ind • | vice president, S. P. Tufts, Centralia’ Ilk.; secretary, Mrs. Moore Murdock. Fort Worth. Tex.; treasurer. Leroy Wi ley, Paris, Ills, Colonel \V. C. P Breck Inridge, of Kentucky, addressed Jhe con vention this morning.