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12
A NEW MAN.
9 - s^al ly. of 75 Naesau St.. N'-w
? ays: "For years I have been troubled
rheum&ttom and dywpe-psia, and I caxne
L * , c ® to try your I tame
- . in, * OUI, d rr*-at relief from their iwe I
. _ a new mnn s,nce 1 wnunjnced ta\-
» K and would not now be without
J. Tn> The drowsy, sleepy feeling I used to
. entirely disappeared. The dyspep-
I«ft me, and my rheumatism la gone
•nurely lam satisfied if any one bo afflict
will give Radway’ 6 Pills a trial they will
eurejy cure them, for I believe It all comes
* r^ m ttie system being out of order—the liver
Ret dola< its work.”
Dad way’s
11 Pilis
trY* of the Stomach. Bowels.
Kidney*. Bladder, Dizziness. Cost i ven ess,
File®, SICK HEADACHE. FFJMAJaE COM
PLAINT, BILIOUBXKSS, indigestion,
CONSTIPATION AND AJ J. DISORDERS OF
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GISTS, OR BY MAIL. RADWAY & CO., 53
Elm St.. New York.
O I II fi PER ACRE PROFIT.
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vlu V U te.,." Tru, k F “ rn ” n * ”
W. L. G LESSNER. Macon, Ga.
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THE CONSTITUTION,
. I-. ami F. ItrpartmetK.,
A LOAD OF HAY.
At this soison <>f the year it is an
overy-tlav sight to see loads of hay pass
:,4 tlong th- fngl-.'viy to mark, t. On
inquiry the fact vv.-is developed that the.
iiv< rv'stable mon. who are th ( print ipal
buyers, give -Titty cents a hundred." or
$lO per ton, lor this rew sweet-smelling,
,-l(Sn crowfoot, trr cowpea
l,.iy. It is probable that the farmer;- who
are rolling hay ar- a littj. "hard up" for
<asb and are thus iking out their re
sru. . ' S in ,v .-r to m- t the home de
n >nu fur various little comforts, to pay
cotton picker,-., and other extra labor.
A ,milling that sm-b a P".l>'y is justilied
by the exigencies ol the farmers’ linan-
• al condition, yet it can be shown that
the practice is contrary to sound farm
• . onomi. ... l/-t us look into the mibtter
a little: t .-lime Cor conv< niene. sake
dial a good load of hay weighs one ton.
tak one ir-n as the b.-'.s of ■ alcula
tion Now lira to a table of analyses
~f hay. grain and other farm products,
V.hi.-h gives (ISO the commercial value
es t)i. plant food constituents of a ton
of tach land ol product. The most im-
• •riant of these plant food constituents
(f thr o in ifumber. t’o-wit; I’nosplioric
;(. iI. potash and nitrogen. Th, re are
n, than twie, as many other ( ■:>-
slitucnts, but (lies,■ thi are the only
ones that need to lat consider.-,1, because
th,", ar" the tl rec that are so scare
in the soil and which we so largely buy
it the form of fort.lizers. The cost of
• ;e-h of th, se constituents is that which
a farmer mt , t pat to the guano dealers
(* /-n hbuys bis fertiliz is, or fertilizer
material: Phosphoric .a,-|,i is put at 5
. nts. potash at 5 its, an I nitrogen
at 14 cents per pound. So the amount
of each constituent in a ton of each
kind ol product is multiplied into the
st. or m.-K-ket price, of such constituent,
tin- products are added together, and
rlac d in the column headed
I in one t >n pounds.
I [1 |IT
i c c j: m o
Kind of Hay. < ’ a | c£
J1 £! 1 £
Crab cr hay . . 26.8 13.8 30.0 $5 94
B.ann.da hav ... 210 8 7 32.0 5.40
.oditison Gr hav 32 4 9 6 35.7 6.79
r.if-it, 1 corn
ttoyor . . 27.4 7 6 36 0 6.02
He i clover hav . . 41.4 7.6 44 0 833
i. 1 --tote ( Allalfai
hav . ... 43 8 10 2 33. G 8.32
I'owpea hav . . . 39.0 10.4 29.4 7.45
' (hart) hav 45.4 214 56 6 10 25
W at .-t'aw . . . 118 2.4 10.2 2.28
'■it straw .... 12.4 4.0 24.8 3.18
’ommer .al Valui s " Th. pl )in mean
. g is : .it v.-bett a ton of eith- r one < f
: pint-,lets Is rer.ievod from the soil It
remov :, uith it the value . f plant food
Y-.r.ss, i in that column. lor irgstamc,
: >n of crab grass hay contains $5 94
yorth of the valuable elements; on. ton
f , ,"pc.( hay contains $7.45 worth >f
<: a-ints. To express :t a little
Tffor.ntly. a tor. of crab grass hay
■ real , n Ibo ground and plowed iimbT
. dd ,iv.- to thr sod an amount of plant
I .! . 'll’!. *ls tb.-it would cost 35.94
. • ::■ I . ,’d in th ■ m rip t in the ; t m
of fertilizit- Tlti;- amount, liowcv r.
b -i ,t f illy cxpr, ”s th ’ tnlue to the
of .a ton of crab grass 1-ay. It takes
arge amount of
. ,ni- matt, r of th. haj . exclusive of the
three valued ’meats (phosphoric acid,
: •i-i.-li and nitr .-unoun'li.v. in the
. .iso of crab crass hay. t , not less than
1.600 pounds per *rn. This is organic
vegetable t. sue which form humus, or
l. eay. d vi rot.tl.l, matter, so important
to the productiveness of the soil
Now suppose, instead of selling the ton
e.ab crass hay, the farmer st ill fe d
t to cattle, or hors-s and carefully save
;;ll th-, llitiid and solid manures result
ing. It is a we t rta‘n<'d fact that
the man ire thus carefully saved and re
turned to the soil whence the hay was
. I ,ve.j. to some oth r soil, will carry
wdl it not kss than 80 per cent of the
I taut to . ’, nr manorial values, that were
1 resent In the hay before feeding it, as
v. ■ 1 ts the _r a t, 1 r rt of t h>• organic
vegeiable, humus forming matters. This
is. parti ’.ilaiTj tru, in regard to cowpea
bay, elover hav. veteh hay, and other
1< guminous plant haus
The appliet ii.’n of the principles and
f...-t- st.tt-d is probably plain to any
thinking 1 r-i "f. Ti c -tn tai" Is to
!” d to on own farm animal.-, al! ti">
hay, grain and other food products of thj
farm, save tlte manure earefully an 1 re
turn it to th.- soil, and --1 I lhe .-ininia’s
that l ave cor sum,‘d It (or their products,
I’-ef, mutton, pork, butter, etc.). In
thus doing the farmer first g> ts the
animal fool value of the hav In t.i-e
form of animal produces, or ability to
work (in the cast of horses and mules)
and at the same time be returns to the
soil the plant food values and the or
ganic veg.-t ible matter.
'fhe principles involved are fundamental
SAW MILLS, 4 H.
HP cuts 2,000 feet p*r
dty—-All Sir.en Plan
ers, Bh;ugle Mills and
Edgers with Patent
Variable friction
Feed- Portable Grind
ing Mills. Water
Wheels. Lath Mills.
lieLo&ch Mill Mtg. 00.
Dss 701 Atlanta. Ga.
114 Libertv 3t., N. Y.
MALLORY’S ALL STEEL ADJUSTABLE COMBINATION PLOW.
Sf’s a Petlsct Clay “Rouster” attti a Croat Labor Saver.
V— y \\ jth this set of PlowH, by Mallory’* Mode. I'tnd can -5 : 'v-
j,.. jjrepnrctl 10 to 12 inrhcK deep and have the rows laid - -i{J£
IM off in lOHri time lhan it would take t<» turn it broad east. sror v/ew or ) l/z'CV V « P
vAVy v I to inches deop. It will ABSOLUTELY sroerf WITH J
/‘f’ / - SUffSOHEfit X
Ci / \ 1 /*)' '• ner for hill-sidiYig hn« no equal. Write A) '* **
r for catalogue and learn All about it.
MALLORY PLOW CO., Box 110, Eist Chattanooga, Tenn.
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION: ATLANTA. GA.. MONDAY. OCTOBER 5, 1903.
|I ) successful farming’. They underlie all
I real and i iotitable soil improvement. The
I argument applies with eciual force against
| ihe unwise practice e 4 ’ turning under any
kind of vegetable growth from the soil
Hint could be saved and utilized as ani
n»al food, R- J. REDDING.
FARM CORRESPONDENCE.
(I) TIMBER VALUES. (2) PINE
ASHES. (3 and 4) CRAWFISH.
(5) MAKING "LIGHTWOOD.”
(6) BEST VARIETIES OF
CORN AND COTTON.
W. G. M-. Ncwburn. Ala.—Having been
a constant subscriber to The Constitution
end an interested reader of your depart
ment for some years past, 1 take the
liberty of asking you several questions.
1. Where can I get the correct value
of the differert timber indigenous to o ir
latitude and how can I get in touch with
men handling same?
2. What could I afford to pay for un
leached scrub pin? wood ashes and haul
3 mdi s over good roads?
3. Is there any way to exterminate or
subdue crawfish?
4. What crops are they least Injuri
ous to?
5. (live me the name of some good pa
per dev.itid to cattle and swine raising
under southern conditions.
6. I've hoard it stated that if you were
to strip a pine sapling 7 inches in diame
ter ~f all the bark except a strip about
4 inches wide that all the peeled part
would in two tears turn to lightwood,
making a splittdid fence post. Is that
true?
7. Whn.t variety of cotton ind corn do
you deem best adapted to heavy prairie
soils?
Answer—l do not know of any one
person who can give you the "correct
value” of alt the timber lndlg"nr.us to
your latitude. The general lumber deal
ers in 1 lirtnlngh.. tn nd Montgomery can
infi rm you in regard to the lumber that
Hie." I'andle. 3nu might get some val
uable information on this lino by ad
dressing an inquiry to "Chief ol For
tstry Division, Department of Agricul
ture. Washington, D. C.
2. You . ould not afford to pay anything
f ,1- ’.itch ashes and haul them 3 miles.
Pin- ashes contain a very low percentage
of potash.
3. I know of no way to exterminate
crawfish except by thoroughly under
(ii.tining the sail.
4. I wav not aware that they are In
jurious to any crops whatever. Try
pouring an ounce of bi sulphide of carbon
tn 'toll hole an 1 slopping the opening
(h sely.
5. lh e, tit : and Horseman, a weekly,
N.t. du 111?. Tenn.; Texas Stock and Farm
.lo’.irnt I. I’allas, Tex.; Southern F.-itni
Gazette. Starkville, Miss.
6. 1 have sc-n such result on turpen
tine farms.
7. I cannot say. It can only ho dc
tern ined by actual experiment.
l. KAFIR CORN 2 SOWING WHEAT
ON CLOVER AND GRASS SOD.
.1 K . Carrollton. Ga. 1 write to ask
'"n to kindlj post me as to how I should
m. katir corn. It is my first ex
perience with it ,<nd no one b.-re lias ever
raised any that I am aware of. I have
also a field -own in wheat and Clover p-tt
the sant" timet last October. I got a
pt "tty goo,; stand of . lover and cut a
Cl-”P a little Wille after cutting my
whc.H. There 1s now on the land a
pretty fall- stand of clover, second crop,
which is almost fully ripe and about a
h. a Stand of , rtb grass with the most
of it. I thought of turning It under with
a large two-horse plow in the near fil
ter- and sowing In wheat again in Oc
tober. thinking the clover will come
again aft -r the wheat is cut next year
and I will benefit my land by turning
under wit it is now on it. Would like your
opinion about it and also as to the time
to turn the land now. while the grass Is
gr,, n. or aft, r it dies. 1 could get a
mod’-ratn crop of hay by mowing it, but
not a larg" ct.’P and I am already well
supplied with hay and thought it would
bo be t tn turn ft under to help the land.
Answer I have ha.l tin personal experi
ence In curing "kafir corn." although I
b;v grown It to a limited extent for fif
teen years past. It Is, however, quit:
sitnil.tr to sorghum. In fact. It Is a spe
cies of sorghum of Hie non-saccharlne
l.tmilv. W, it down an a. re of sorghum
and p, i. last week These were sown
broad, ast at the rate of I bushel of
■ Fltatn and it, binhe! of pens to the
aero We used an ordinary mower and
.'ftcr it had lain two days on the grout’d
wo put tt in cocks, and after two or three
<t.'.yi these cocks wore doubled and
trebl’d, and It 1> still in the field tn these
largo c'( ks, ( .tch containing about 20G
pounds of hay But I suspect that your
kafir Is grown In rows and not so thick,
then it should be cut when the seeds are
th ■ if you desir, to save the seeils, and
shock by hands Cut just as you would
wheat and o.ats. and the shocks may he
■ app'd over with straw or hay or a few
bundles lain ci' swlse. as oats are often
capped. Hay e.tps, however, would be
better than at.(tiling. It will require from
lour t" ten days, according to tlto weath
er. to ct:r>- safely for the barn. In fact
i. ; ni.ide perfectly dry in the field jt
should not be put in close bulk In the
In regard to the. win .t, if you expect
to sow wheat on tha* th hi In October 1
would at once mow the grass and clover
and Immediately turn under the sod. If
you should turn under the grass and
■ lover now it i- too near wheat sowing
time to do tin- win-at much good. In fact,
it. will do it harm. Wheal does not like
tn grow on a loose roll tilled with unde
cay nd vegetable matter I would not
think of waiting until the glass and
clover had long past the haying stage. It
does not pay t,, turn under a er(Tp that
will mak" hay simply to benefit the land.
T, do so would be to commit tin error.
In my judgment, one which I have for
jears combatted. I nd, r no ordinary clr
. Uin.-’aiie. ; would I turn under a crop
of grass, poavlnos or clover, from which
1 . ould mow as much as half a ton of
good hay to the acre. It docs not pay to
turn under a food crop for animals, and
t is not practiced by any good farmer,
nor in any good farming country. The
Engll: It and tin- eastern and western
f .’(tiers use clover largely as a renovat
ing crop, hut they never turn under the
first crop, but always what they call
ti. afterma ill, or second growth, and Its
sod.
Whethet the clover seed will give a
good stand next year will depend largely
upon the. amount of seed that they will
produce and what will be turned under.
1 would at once mow the land. Immedi
ately turn it over as completely as pos
sible, and then wait, until time to sow
wheat. Then I would harrow it until
smooth and mellow on top, then roll it
and then sow the wheat.
You say as an apology for not mowing
the hay that you have a good supply of
hay. If you have more hay than your
stock will consume then you have not
enough stock, although I know you are a
stock man. At any rate I would not
make dirt or soil out of hay, because it
will not pay. If you do not wish to buy
more stock in order to consume your hay,
then I would send the hay to some man
who has more stock than hay. The bet
ter plan, however, is to increase your
stock temporarily for the sole purpose
of consuming your hay crop and convert
it into a form (beef) in which it will
command a higher price tn market and at
the same time the manure will be re
turned to the soil.
RESTORING WORN LANDS.
W. B. J., Etowah, Ga.—l see a great,
deal written in your paper by different
parties in regard to preserving our for
ests, but nothing, according 'io my views,
yf establishing a forest for future gen
erations. As yqjt know, and I do, too,
there ,are thousands of acres of worn out
land in Georgia—old red hills growing up
in broomsedge and being washed into gul
lies. It they will plans th? gullies with
plum seed, the bushes, getting a hold,
will stop the washing: and plow up the
old red hills and broomsedge fields, and
then sow them with acorns, hickory nuts,
walnuts or anything that will make a
bush of the hardwood variety, either
broadcast or in rows, as suits the fancy,
and get them started, in one hundred
years there will be plenty of timber for
our grandchildren, which will boa bless
, ing Ip them. And then let our legislators
1 pass .stringent laws to protect these for
ests from any kjnd of depredations and
put the laws in force not allowing them
to be burned at all. In that length of
time there would be forests all over old
Georgia, and every other state that would
adopt that law. As it will be easier to
plant the nuts and acorns than it would
be 'to set out the bushes, for they can
be planted with a plow or harrow after
the land has been broken. I hope to
hear of some one taking up mv sugges
tion. I am n subscriber to The Con
stitution and throw in my mite. Maybe
it will benefit, some one.
Answer- Your suggestions are good. In
the main; but. whit is most needed Is
to restore what you call "worn out”
soils to their original and even to a much
higher degree of productiveness. This
object can be secured in a vastly short
er period than bv waiting on the slow
growth of forept trees on such soils. Bet
ter restore for productiveness of the
soil first and then plant forest trees In a
systematic and proper manner, using the
best kinds only. 1 suggest that you
study up on tip. subject of reforesting.
Note the book referred to in last week's
Constitution. This is only one of many
books that hav? liven published of late
years on the subj< . (.
C A NTA LOI *P E CI ’ LTIJ RE.
J. B. 11.. 11 avnesville. La.—Please give
me instructions how to prepare land tor
and plant cantaloupes. What distance
apart should the rows be. and how far
apart, should they be left to grow on the
drill?
What size crate- should be used for
shipping them? How many crates per
acre would bp a fair yield? Also, what
de early cantaloupes generally sell at
per crate In large cities?
About how many crates will make t
car load?
One other question T had forgotten. At
what stage of growth should they be
taken from vine for shipping?
Answer—ln Georgia the usual distance
for cantaloupes Is 6 by 4 foot. The best
soil is a warm sandy loam. Plow such
land to a depth of 5 or 6 inches with a
two-horse turn plow a month before
planting lay off the rows 6 foot wide,
running twice in tin same furrow with
a largo shovel. S attor 600 to 800
pounds of the following fertilizer to th”
acre in these furrows and mix well with
the soli. Then throw two tnrn-nlow fur
rows on the center furrow and board off.
A good formula for fertilizer is arid
phosphate, 14 per cent, 1,000 pounds; mu
riate of potash. 160 pounds; cotton s cd
moal, 840 pounds; t’Olal. 2.000 pounds. I
The above would analyze about 8-5-2.8:
and any ready mixed fertilizer having the
same relative analysis would do about
ns well, although costing more per ton.
Plant ten or twelve s>ods In a place every
4 feet, covering about I inch deep and
thin to one in a place when in 'the fourth
leaf. Apply a little nitrate of soda around
each hill at this time, say one teaspoon
ful. and repent in two op three weeks.
Stir the surf.n-e soil every ten or fifteen
days, until the vines interfere with the
work. Get sed of th" Rocky Ford va
riety. When commencing to ripen the
fields should be gone <jy. r. at least, once <
a day. The standard .-rate is 12 by 12 j
by 22 Inches in size, and holds forty-five
perfect melons. It Is very important to 1
pick the melons at exactly the right stage ]
of ripeness, pack very e’;"se and tight in
the crates, selecting melons of uniform
size for c.-i’-Ji crate, and shipped imme- ;
diately. The yield of cantaloupes varies I
greatly, say from 40 to 200 crates per i
ax-re. A good yield is 80 to 100 crates i
of marketable melons. A good packer ,
will pack 200 crates per day. Smaller I
ntelons- than standard, or larger, are put •
in th- same sized .rat’, jhe number of .
melons in a crate varying from 36 to 64 ■
and even higher. All imperfect, underripe '
or overripe and “slick" (not netted) must
be r-_’’--ted. Tin market varies very
greatly say, from 50 cents to $1.50 per
crate. An ordinary ear load is 400 crates. ■
A Rocky Ford cantaloupe, when ready j
for picking, has a pc ".ili.'.r grayish-green ;
color, which contrasted wRh the light
colored netting gives the melon a brown- '
Ish cast. TJte stem will part easily and
clean from lhe melon. A melon must not |
show the slightest ting" of yellow at the
lime of picking.
THE STORY’ OF A ONE AND A HALF
AICRE FAT" *H.
W S. Ij.. Thomaston, Ga..—l'lease ex
cuse me for taxing your patience wltn
lais epistle, bat according to a promise
watch I made myself a year or more
;,-■> ; am now fulfilling it by giving you
nr.ielail the experience, of one who knows
V,■, y lit tle about the “profession of Cain”
onl'ywhat 1 have learned by reading as-
i I had a patch of an acre and a half
which 1 used for a pasture three years.
If January. 1902, 1 turned under the
Bermuda with a one-horse turner; on the
20lh of March Os the same j ear I bedded
It in 4 ft" t rows; on April 15 I put. 800
pounds of cotton seed meal and a-’id pet
acre. This was put. in water furrow.
The 23th of April I planted it in cotton,
of G. W. Truitt's big prolific. September
14 (oj. near that date) 1 sold my entire
output, 337 pounds lint, at 8 1-2 cents.
About September 18 I broke it well with
a one-horse turner; between October 15
and 20 I took my one-horse turn plow
ami listed it in rows as close as I possi
bly could g‘ t them, about. 18 or 20 inches
apart. I then sowed 2 1-2 bushels Texas
rust proof oat.s per acre (broad cast),
brushing them in w<*U with a brash, run
ning the brush with my rows. I grazed
these down three different times. On
February 26, 1903. (took my cows "ft*
my oats. June 9 or 10 I had them cut
with a cradle and shocked, making in
all seventy-nine shocks, twelve bundles
each, about 65 bushels of oats. From
June’ 10 to 12 sowed it in unknown peas
and early amber sorghum cane; mowed it
about the 14th or 15th of September and
now have three large stacks of as line
hay as anybody. September 24 1 hauled
out barnyard manure, broadcasting it on
tlie Land and turning it under with a
two-horse plow this time. But I expect
to sow. as I did last year, with the ex
ception I shall sow the. Appier oat.s and
only tike 2 bushels per acre instead of
2 1-2. 1 want to put about 200 pounds
of guana per acre in the drill when I go
to sow. and as this manure which I have
hauled out is from the cowpen where
cows have been fed on cotton seed meal
1 thought I would use a guano that con
tained a large per cent of potash. I
want to sow my outs about the 15th or
20th of October.
Answer —I congratulate you upon your
fair degree of success in the cultivation
of your I 1-2 acres. You state that you
applied 800 pounds of cotton meal and |
l acid per acre. This statement does not-
I indicate the proportions of meal and acid.
and it indicates that you applied no pot
ash at all. It occurs to me that the land
should have made nearly one bale to the
acre with a properly compounded ferti
lizer. to the amount of 800 pounds. The
yield of oats was fairly good, better per
haps than the yield of cotton. 1 think
you will do well to sow the Appier oats
and 2 bushels to the acre Is sufficient, it
you will put them in with a Gantt or Car
mlcal fertilizer and grain drill. 1 would
not put too large a proportion of potash
and 1 would use some ammoniating mate
rial. The removal of the pea crop and
sorghum will leave the land not so very
much improved, and the oats will require
a good fertilizer, such as will be made
by mixing 200 pounds of acid phosphate,
50 pounds of muriate of potash and pos
; sibly no cotton seed meal will 'be needed
■at the time of sowing. In March you
i can determine whether an application of
nitrate soda is needed by tne color of
the blades of oats, if dark colored and
vigorous lhe nitrate may be uispeused.
with; if light colored or yellowish, 1
would apply 75 pounds to the acre.
CURING PEAVINES.
Gilliam Bros., Abbeville, S. C.—We will
give a tried plan for putting up peavine
hay, which is not new to a great manj,
as we got. it from Tile Constitution five
or six years ago. it is this: Get a good
hard seasoned piece ot wood 3 feet tong
and 4 or inches square; round it oft* at
top and taper it to a sharp point and put
a heavy iron band on lop- J his peg is
to make, holes to put poles in. Get a good
heavy maul to drive with, have poles
: cut 9 feet long, 3ji to 5 inches at butt
j and sharpened to nt in ho.es. Nail on
• two cross pieces 4 feet long 15 or IS
I inches above ground at right angle la
' each other and two more 18 or 20 inches
from the top. Nail on and have poles
rcauy before starling to pul up. Njw
! vvinn the dew in oil suirt inovver and
I raxe and put up as last as cut; me vines
snould not even wilt. Pack around poles
us close as can be done with a fork, but
don t tramp. Top off to a point and it
properly done me vines will cute ninny
and of the same color as wlien cut. 1 .vo
years ago we put up 1,100 bales and
never lost 200 pounds. Tne idea is when
the vines are put up green tney admit
111 c air and as tiiey ury out settle down,
so the upper cross pieces act as a shelter.
There should be put on lower cross pic'-’.s
so as lew will touch lhe ground as pos
sible. \\ <■ always pull Horn under wii-n
stack is finished, so as to admit the
air; have pul so three ot these stacks
would make a tour-horse load. 'I here are
plenty of people who never know ho>v
a thing looks until it is done, but if tne
pea.vitte hay makers will adopt this plan
our word for it they never wi.i have an>
trouble. They might not do everything
right, the first year, but would know tty
the next.
APPLER OATS, ETC.
James J. IL, Elm City, N. C. I have
read a good, deal in lllte Constitution
about, tile Appier oat. \\ hat is there
about the Appier oat that makes them
bitter than any other good oat? About
sixteen or eighteen years ago 1 saw the
advertisement ot .t Ge.u-gla farmer sav
ing he had an oat which he had been
planting twelve years, and .1 had never
ueen winter killed.
I sent and bought ore bushel. They
bad a large grain (with a beard), were
very yellow, did. not grow* tali, and did
not have a large head, but were really
a v-.ry good oat. There were with these
oats a very few that were nearly black,
grew a little taller than the others,
heads a little longer and had more grains
in number, but tlte grains were not so
large and had no beard. Nearly all these
o 1 is now are ot the latter kind. 1 have
sown them in fall and in spring. .1 find
them equally adapted to either winter
or spring sowing. 1 don’t think so much
as one stalk or bunch has ever been
winter killed. Whin I sow peas after
the cats they come up and will make a
good volunteer crop. I had 15 acres
this year that came up last tall. There
has never been one particle of rust in
them until this year. This year I had
two fields in volunteer oat.s and two
sown in the spring, ttnd tiiey all had
the rust badly, nearly ruined. I had one
piece In Burl oats and they did not have
tlte rust at all.
But I have never been able to make
as heavy a crop ot my oats as 1 see
you make with the Appier. You advo
cate the sowing of fall oats in open fur
rows. 1 am satisfied this is a good
method, but it appears to me tills is a
very tedious way. To go all over a field
with a single plow making a furro.v
every 16 or 18 Inches would be a tedi
ous job. Then go over It again with a
sl id and fertilizer distributor would bo
another tedious job, as 1 understand the
rows have to b? opened for the Gantt
distributor. I have an Iron Age culti
vator with one set of teeth that would
make furrows about 4 Inches deep and 4
inches wide. With this I could run five
furrows at a time, but I think they
would be so small they would—with a few
raii.f.--fill up and be about level.
j had read so much about grain drills
I bought one this summer for the pur
pose of sowing peas and small grain. I
seeded down about 15 acres In rows 2
feet apart and plowed them. These were
for peas for hogs. 1 now hive my hogs
on them. Then I broadcasted a field
io make hay for stock. lam well pleased
with the machine. But this machine
(pens with a disc and don't leave but
v’-rv little furrow behind it. 1 have
Icon thinking about ordering enough
Appier oats to seed down 5 act s, but
if 1 can't sow them witli my so ’»-r, a: t
have io send and buy me a Gantt seed
er, then ibis sets me back again. 1 send
you herein a few grains of my Oats,
grown this year and .-'lined by the rust.
You will sei’ file grains are very small.
Can't you send me a few grains of Ap
pier cats and let me see them? Now,
this Is not for the paper, but just an
swer me and unhitch me about the sow
ing of oats this fall.
It Is now nearly sowing time, so I have
to hurry up.
Have had a long, dry spell hero. Fine ■
rain last night. Will commence break
ing my oat land today. Want to sow
al.out Ist of October. I live 50 miles
cast of Raleigh.
Please tell tne from whom 1 can get
the genuine Appier oats and how many
should I sow to the acre?
Answer—The Appier oat Is a close se
lection made twenty years ago by a very .
intelligent farmer from the original Texas
rustproof cat. The Georgia experiment ■
station got seed of Mr. Appier, the origi- ■
ral selector, about thirteen years ago,
and has made careful selections and kept
them pure since, that. time.
I’rrhaps the oat that the Georgia farm
er bii'l and of whom you bought a. bushel
is what is known as the Irwin county
rustproof oat, which I used to grow
thirty or forty years ago. and you have
described it very well. This cannot be
the same oat as the Appier, because the
latter has a long awn preceding from
the back of each grain of oats. 1 will
s; y, however, that wc nave a. few of the
back er brown oats In our Appier oats, ,
and we are uncertain how they got into !
them, and our agriculturist has expt ess -d
a partial belief that they are a still :
farther evolution; but I do not think so. j
t think they are what is called tlte tall
I lack oat and Is a variety of itself and I
got into our oats one year when we I
were thrashing them with a traveling
thrasher. I think It a good variety and
I am selecting it out with a view of de
veloping it. I cannot say, however, that
this black oat Is rustproof. I nave never
sown it to itself. I have never seen any
rest on our Appier oats qor on the Burt
oa ts.
You say you have never been abb to
make as Ir'iiv.v a crop of your oa.s :.s we
have made of" the Appier. This suggests
that possibly your varb ty is not as good
a one ns ours; but I think the true rea- j
son is you do not sow as we do. nor f- r- :
tilize as liberally.
In regard to the open furrow method, ■
the only objection I find to it is the one ’
that you urge—that it is rather tedious;
but this will not '.ong continue, in my ;
judgment, because some ont will invent ’
a machine tbat will sow two or three i
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Z HAVE YOU EVER TRIED PETERS METALLIC CARTRIDGES?
If NOT. ASK YOUR DEALER ABOUT THEM
furrows nt once, something like the large
grain drills wc have been using so long.
Moreover, in comparison with the old
rr.cthod of plowing or harrowing in seed
cats, the raving of seed, amounting to
fully one-halt', will fully pay for the ex
tta labor of sowing in open furrows. For
Instance, wc find that we can get a»
good a stand when sowing in open fur
rows with I 1-2 to 2 bushels of seed
per acre as we can get with 4 bushels
of seed per acre harrowed in with a
cut-a-way harrow, or plowed in with a
scooter.
The rows do not have to be opened
In order to use the Gantt distributor, it
opens, sows and covers sufficiently, al!
at one operation, and the double spout
distributor sows both fertilizer an.l grain
at the same time. One hand and one
b.orse can sow 3 or 4 acres a day. The
open furrow plan requires that the fur
rows be not less than 16 inches apart.
Therefore, you cc uld not sow five fur
rows at a time with your Iron Age cul
tivator, lading the furrows 4 inches
fifari. because there would not be room
between the furrows for the earth to
st;, nd.
The disc machine does not leave a suf
ficiently open furrow to meet the re
quirements of the open furrow system;
but they do betti-r sown with any grain
drill than if sown and harrowed, or
plowed in.
The grains of oat sent resemble very
ranch the brown oats that are slightly
Intermixed with our Appier oats. I
send you a few grains of Appier oats,
such as we have been selling all sum
na r. We have now exhausted our sup
ply and cannot fin any more orders, but
1 can give names and addresses of par
ties who can supply genuine seeds on
postpaid reply card.
I advise that you sow two bushels to
the acre if sown in open furrows or with
y ur disc drill, and that you fertilize with
the following amount per acre;
Two hundred pounds acid phosphate,
250 pounds cotton seed meal and 50
povnds of potash. In the spring apply
E0 to 75 pounds of nitrate of soda as a
tip dressing.
STOCKING AND ELEPHANT LEG.
F. H. G.. Jalapa, Tenn I have a young
ma.ro that I rode to town Monday and on
going to her to start home I noticed her
hind l"gs were swelled about the posture
joint extending up some, and every (lay
since they are swelled worse. It can't
be a strain; she is not with foal.
I remember a horse being described
to you the same way after he had been
affected about three months., and you
said at that stage the disease had be
come chronic, and told what to do at
that stage, and you called it elephant
leg. I believe this mare Is affected the
same way. and I would like very much
to know what to do in the beginning of
the disease. Please let me know through
your department at your earliest con
venience and oblige a subscriber.
Answer—The characteristic symptom of
stocking Is the fact that the leg will
swell during the night, or when stand
ing idle, and the swelling will subside
when the animal goes to work. It is due
to ct lymphjatic constitution, a weak
circulation, standing in filth or wet, etc.,
and may be brought on by want of ex
erclse and too much food or too much
work and insufficient food. Give a dose
of I ounce each of aloes, ginger and
soda. Dissolve In half pint of boiling
water, add half pint of cold water and
give at one dose. After this has operated
commence giving I ounce each of tincture
of chloride of Iron, tincture of gentian
at a dose In a pint of water three times
a day. Bandage the legs tightly at
night, or when not at work, remove the
bandages when going to work or exer
cise. and rub the legs- briskly with the
hands. Give good hay and oats.
If the above should fall give I ounce
of Fowler's Solution once a day In a
bran mash for a month, and rub the
logs twice a week with an ointment of
2 drams of iodine and 2 ounces of vase
line.
BLIND STALLION.
W. D. Dennis, Billie, Tex.--1 have a tine
stallion that went blind about a year
ago; his eyes look all right, only a little
clouded on the sight. I do not know any
cause of his blindness. You will very
much oblige me If there is a cure by
writing me.
Answer —You do not give a single detail
of the period during which he was losing
his eyesight, or the time from the first
attack of inflammation until the sight
was lost. Probably the case Is similar to
the one about which "IV. M R..“ in
quired in the article Just preceding this.
CHRONIC FOUNDER.
1,. B E., Russellville, Ark.—Please toll
mo what is the matter with my horse.
He is lame in all feet, the inside of hoofs
have a chalky appearance apd are soft,
can easily be dug out w«th a knife or
chisel; the frogs are diminished in size,
and are very hard, ami from the center
of frog to the top of the back part of
hoof in the dividing "crack" seems In
flamed and discharges a very b.-ul smell
ing puss or matter. In traveling he
takes very short steps, and when stand
ing rests first on one foot and then an
other. The muscles of his shoulders
ami hips seem drawn, but are not sore
He has boon In this condition for sev
eral months. i treated him as follows,
which did no good: Soaked feet for three
consecutive nights in a poultice of wheat
bran and lye. then blistered with lini
ment composed of I ounce each of corro
sive sublimate, alcohol and gum cam
phor and one-half pint of turpentine. Ho
eats heartily, but does not gain any
flesh, although he is in very good con
dition. He is 9 years old.
Answer It Is difficult, without a per
sonal examination, to say what is the
matter with yoijr horse; but I am in
clined to the opinion that It Is a case
of "chronic" founder, complicated with
contracted feet and thrush. Chronic
found' r does not necessarily Imply that
It first existed in acute form. It may
be th result ot bad shoeing. The poul
ticing was all right, but the blister olnt- i
ment you used was not the proper one.
Use the following: Two drams of can- I
Ij q fes feak
“I have suffered with piles for thirty-six year*.
Ono year ago last April I began taking Cmu-ar-ts
for constipation. In the course of a week I noticed
the piles began to disappear and at the end of six
weeks they did not trouble me at all. Cascarf ts
have done wonders for me. I am entirely cured and
feel like a new man.” George Krydor. Napoleon. O.
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Pleasant, Palatable, Potent, Taste Good, Do Good, ‘
Nover Sicken, Weaken or Gripe, 10c. 25c. 50c. Never
sold in bulk. The genuine tablet stamped CC C. i
Guaranteed to cure or your money back.
Sterling Remedy Co., Chicago or N.Y. 593
TEN MItUON BOXES 1
Itharldes and I ounce of lead. Rub a
little around the coronets. In twenty
four hours wash it off and turn to pas-
I ture or put him In a loose box with soft
I bedding of sawdust or short shavings.
| I doubt if you can cure it. For the
I thrush: Clean ont the feet (clefts) well
j after the poulticing, and when dry press
I a little calomel Into all the cracks amt
■ crevices and stop it in with soft paper
i or rags to keep in the calomel and keep
I out the dirt. Clean out and renew tha
calomel every second day until the dis
charge and the bad odor disappear.
An all s :tficient reason for moon blindness
is the inflammation which precedes it.
periodically, finally and inevitably ending
in blindness unless carefully treated at
every recurring attack. It is a blood
disease, based on heredity, and Is in
curable. according to all the authorities.
But proper treatment, as already Indi
cated, may often preserve the sight until
old age and death, the attacks continu
ing every month or two. Os course there
are other causes of blindness, but as you
do not mention any in the life of the
horse I am loft only to conjecture that
It was “moon blindness,” or recurrent
ophthatima. I have not heard of a single
case ot restoration of sight after the lat
ter was entirely lost and the recurring
inflammation had long ceased.
BLIND HORSE.
W. M R.. Johns. Miss I have a horse
that cannot see real wll; his eyes has a
blue glossy color; ho is 5 or 6 years old;
has been worked but very little; his eyes
haw been failing for some time; he is
sound and hearty otherwise.
Answer—You do not sufficiently ae-
Bcribo the case. If the horse has had
periodical attacks of Inflammation—from
one to two or three months apart—lt is
probable that It is a case of "moon
blindness," and 1 judge that he is now
stone blind, and there is no help tor 1L
Give a. better and more detailed history o£
the case.
SAVE TRAYLOR, SPENCER &
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GRAFTERS ON EVERY HANI).
Mayor Harrison Talks of Corruption
in the Windy City.
Chicago. September 30.—"1f I raratd firs
| al! the men I suspect of 'grafting’ they
i would be jumping out of every window
iin the city hall. This hall 1« full of
1 'graft, big and little —you know It, and
can't prove It.
I "I've got eighteen months' left and I’ll
I get some of them yet."
With those and other frank declarations
Mayor H.irri; >n has expressed himself
Or. the subject of municipal servteo. He
asserted that his hands were tied; that
conclusive proof could not bo secured
of such guilt, but during the remaining
months of his administration means will
be employed to clean out a number of
departments. But the proofs are mwes
sary to discharge the man, the mayor
said, under civil service laws. The may
or declared It to bo an impossibility to
get sufficient evidence in many known
cases.
Free Booklet
On Nervous Debility, written by the
■ leading specialist in this country. Ad
dress Dr. J. Newton Hathaway, 42 In
man building. Atlanta, Ga.
»
STEEL SYNDICATE EXTENDED.
Five Millions Paid to Morgan as
Manager.
New York, October !.—The syndicate
organized to convert $200,000,000 ot
United States Steel 7 per cent preferred!
stock into 5 per cent sunking fund bonds
expired today, according to the original
terms, but by consent of a great majority
of its members has "been extended till
July I, 1904. Withdrawals from the syn
dicate, according to a leading member of
the steel corporation, have been small.
The terms of the agreement between the
steel corporation and the syndicate call
for a distribution of between $35,000,000
and $40,000,000 of bonds to members ot
the syndicate. This distribution was
made in large part today. It is probable
that some statement concerning the pro
portion of withdrawals will be made in a
few days. The sum of $5,000,000 was
paid to J. F. Morgan & Co. today as
syndicate managers. This represents a
call for 25 per cent of the. 520.000.000
cash to be paid for a like sum of bonds
taken by the syndicate at par.
NEW ORLEANS LOSING COTTON.
Owing to the Demands Made by the
Screwmen.
Now Orleans. October I— All the
steamship agents here today joined In
an address to the general public througa
the ir ayor and newspapers calling atten
tion to the fact that every avenue of
trade is suffering through the unwar
ianted demands made by the screwmen;
that cotton is being diverted from this
port and shippers of cotton and other
c.-rgo are. afraid to route their cotton
through New Orleans owing to the pres
ent levee tie-up. The public is asked to
take a hand in the situation and compel
a settlement of the contro-ersy by arbi
tration or othi rwire. The screwmen
six w no sign today of recession from tho
position they have taken.
TO BE SETTLED BY THE JEW£.
Immigrants from Russia To Settle in
Alabama.
Huntsville, Ala.. October I -(Special.)-
Dr. Louis Edolman has returned from
Mobile, where he met some of the offi
cials of the Southern railroad and in
spected lands placed at his disposal for
settlement by Jewish immigrants from
Russia. Thy land is adapted to fruit
growing, and is just wfiat the immigrants
desire. Dr. Edolman will go to New
' ork at once to arrange for transporta
tion of his immigrants 'to the south.—
>
Miser's Gold Is Found.
Fergus Falls. Minn.. September 29
F. W. Trombler. aged 70 years, a miser,
who has been living alone in a miserable
nut, died today in a hospital. Neighbor!
who searched his house found $2,300 »e
--creted.