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Gi6e Life and Times ©/
THOMAS JEFFERSON
Being the First Part ©/ a History of the United States
By THOMAS E. WATSON
Author ojf **Uhe Story ojf France,” “Napoleon,” Etc.
opy right, 1903, by Thus. E. Watsoh“Mtl Rights Reseroed.
CHAPTER LIV.
Tranquilly, usefully, year after year
passed with Mr. Jefferson, his only har
assing trouble being his debts.
He kept up his correspondence with a
very great number of people; he kept up
his open door style of entertainment; he
kept alive his interest in books, plants,
trees, birds, flowers—his gardens, fields
pl J pleasure grounds. He rode horseback
i vnal hours every day. spent much time
In social converse with relatives and
H sends, made himself the idol of all the
; n and was quite happy when sha.'-
;;.s; their pleasures, forming their habits
ta .i improving their minds. As a pa tri
r-y. h. venerated and beloved, his tail
n;; :re moves thiough the gathering shad
es • Monticello with a majesty, a grave
sweet dignity, which few' attain.
IL had made bitter enemies, especially
■, Virginia, where he had removed the
.. ;U >1 from historic old Williamsburg
to the then straggling village of Ricn
>■.!. he had cut off the ancient arlsto
church from the public treasury,
! In had knocked the props from un
ianoed aristocracy. John Ran
i.f Roanoke, probably voiced the
;o- it of thousands when he declared
t Ji-ffcison’s levelling principles nad
i.Jit upon Virginia financial ruin,
g at the same time the standard of
character.
causes for hatred was added
. h< did not conform to the rellg-
1 •fs of Ills neighbors. He did not
■ views locked within his own
a; Washington more prudently
it tl. it indefatigable pen was
■: . w and then, giving itself all the
th-, free and bold thinker to
v. i *.t expression is absolutely necessary.
x :ic- causes such as these kept the
barking to the last and we find this
. t vant of h< republic charged
.v.-.g overdrawn his salary while
• •: to France. The libel was pun
.l in a Ri hmond i<iper at a time.
• •:*.’ ..id man already had one log ini
ci.Think of tit ■ mortification he
i a .vp suffered in being compelled to
. . i ms, if an honest man in his home
1..’, to his home people! He le-
> !;. pr< sider,ey of 'he I’hilosophical
ti honorary post which he had
for eighteen years.
:h the kindly offices of Hr. Ben
itii.-’a ■> reconciliation was brought
it between Mr. Jefferson and John
and th t w ■ v< n< r tble statesmen
tn.* *1 their correspondence.
fall from th* stops of one of the
Mt. Jeff--son broke his other
ifld being now disabled in both
writing became doubly painful,
-•■rthcless the industrious old man
eased to write. The last motion
i definite sort which h* was to make
with his right hand was tie motion of
cy.s c ji. tail'd good and he could
,y reading to the last; his hair turned
. r.i but remained abundant; his teeth
hi .. beca n<
somewnat dull. 1
given to
fine Clothes In Franc, hi won a garb
whi i hi* secrHury planned and it in
w- tr these trouscip in Now York as
i . . f tat* there was omo com
: id he soon left them
cff. Dunns first term as president
riiment is said tn have been stu
dy negligent. The political litera
of 'he time identifies particularly
pair of corduroy breech* s, which
been in the tub and th? soap suds
't?n that their co! r had fa*l**l to
: v white liis shabby brown -oat
. i ■ the source ol corisid* ruble suf
among the fastidious.
.ii this political spite may have
■rat'd th" facts. During his soc
ial th- complaints about his dress
.way, .ami the reader of current
.is notes the n ivi'it of th*- black
*■■ • : the president w ars, and the
■ it r turn of composure to his
During his later years, while he
- rupulous t ness, It
in.'ii his clothing was very plain
* ! ■' i■ l.i* nc 1.
in your mind th" figure of a
, ght, -.ld farmer dr*ssed
in . n -ii ■ .othes an 1 surrounded by a
to ■ •-f grandchildren who climb on
N
rr : .ir-.and him. as he strolls slowlv
{rood
' : blood is in good condition at the beginning of the warm season,
prepared to resist disease and are not apt to be troubled with boils,
. : avkh ads and blotches, or the itching and burning skin eruptions
t e one ’s life a veritable torment and misery.
is the time to begin the work of cleansing and building up the
. and strengthening the weak
; your constitution. During the HORRIBLY AFFLICTED WITH BOILS.
i ' r months we are compelled I had a horrible
: i:■•■■rs and breathe the impure attack of boile
id’.v ventilated rooms and of- that broko out all
We ver-work and over-eat, and over my body and
Wit le out-door exercise, and our gU fro ,T which 1
& sff ssis
■ 1 the blood a hot-bed of germs Ww* I® Ibe ran taking
■ .m rs of every kind, and warm your medicine,
< r is sure to bring a reaction, jhjn and from my ox-
. ‘ ■■ poisonous matter in the blood porionco I can
: tern will break out in boils and safely say 5.5.3.
les or scaly eruptions and red, -sUSk •»»■?“ is the best blood
uring bumps and pimples. Make purifier in tho world. TTT ,_„
1 beginning this season by taking Mr 3, M ’ r t5 2 Ey T -4-
■urse of S. S. S. in time; it will not WythevxHo, Va.
purify your blood and destroy the THE tqwq AND APPETIZER,
m; an d poisons, but promote healthy whUQ Jn BhGrmaTl( T6X<) x bO .
r 'on of the Liver and Kidneys ana came a victim of impure, watery
■ you a good appetite at a time Wood. 1 ran down in appetite and
. 1 * energy; was scarcely a bio to get
n you reed it most. about and had to stop off and rent
;■ S. S. improves the digestion and occasionally. I took 3. S.S. and be
\ , *’ gan to improve at once, and after a
■ r. up the Stomach, ana you are not thorough courao became strong and
minually haunted by the fear of w f”j jink gs . s> tho beßt mcdici ne I
:• igestion every time you eat, or ever used as an appetizer and gon-
t uh,led With dizziness, nervousness
and sleeplessness, there is no reason
r ■ dread the coming of warm weather if you have your system well fortified
■1 the blood in a normal, healthy condition. It is the polluted, sluggish
1 d that invites disease germs, microbesand poisons of every kind and
1 sg on a long train of spring and summer ailments, break down the con
stitution, and produce weakness, lassitude, and other debilitating disorders.
Eczema, Acne, Nettle-rash, Poison Oak and Ivy, and other irritating skin
'•rr iblesare sure to make their appearance unless the humors and poisons
are antidoted and the thin, acid blood
made rich and strong before the coming
| * C- a of warm weather.
”A course of S. S. S. now would be
K J 1 g a safe precaution and a good beginning
and enable you to pass in comfort
through the hot, sultry months and
escape the diseases common to spring and summer. S. S. S. is guaranteed
purely vegetable and is recognized as the best blood purifier and the most in
vigorating and pleasant of all tonics. Write for our book on ‘' The Blood and
Its Diseases. ’ ’ THE S W!FT SPECIFIC CO., A TLANFA, GA,
i
about his grounds and you have a fair
likeness of Jefferson in retirement.
The embargo and Hie war of 1812
played havoc with Virginia, and the
,osses on Mr. Jefferson’s farms were as
serious as elsewhere. Crops could find
no markets, and the value of money
measured by the produce which had to
buy it, was out of all proportion to the
cost of production. Finally the over
seer was discharged and one of the
grandchildren, the favorite, Thomas Jef
ferson Randolph, took the management
of Mr. Jefferson's business into his own
hands.
But the expenses were so great, there
were so many visitors to feed and serve,
the interest charge on old debts was
so heavy and the bad crop years so fre
quent, that it was impossible to work
the property out of debt. One of the
finishing strokes was a security debt of
520.000 for an old friend. There being
no market for land at fair prices, Mr.
Jefferson applied to the legislature for
leave to dispose of real estate by lot
tery. There was also a suggestion that
the state should lend him money. Neith
er of these plans materialized.
The British having burned the con
gressional library, Mr. Jefferson offered
to sell his books, his fondly treasured
bocks, to the nation. There was much
contemptible suspicion -and ill-will on
the part of political enemies. The Phar
isee opened his mouth and spoke; anil
the Pharisee announce I that the entire
collection of books should be rejected
because it included the works of Vol
taire. The Pharisee had never read
Voltaire, of course. That in itself would
h- ve been contamination. But the Phar
isee had heard some other member of
his tribe denounce Voltaire, and that
was sufficient—there being no prejudice
quite so stubborn os the hereditary sort
which doesn't know and refuses to bo
informed. Finally congress bought the
books for $23,950, their vain*’ being, per
haps, four times that amount. The cred
itors of Mr. Jefferson got the money.
11, becoming noised abroad that the aged
statesman was about to be sold out of
bouse and home, public subscriptions
were set on foot for him. New York sent
eight thousand dollars, Philadelphia five
thousand. Baltimore three thousand. Vir
ginia did nothing. In fact, his home,
state and home county held a. greater
number of bitter enemies than any equal
area of the union, with the possible ex
ception of New England.
When the notorious Callender, whom
Jefferson freed from fine and imprison
ment under John Adams’ sedition law, de
manded the Richmond postoffice from
President Jefferson, and was refused, the
worst abuse he could throw at Jefferson
came in the shape of Albemarle affi
davits. In one'.- own immediate environ
ment are to be found those whom one
has combajted and perhaps overthrown;
the competitors one has distanced, the
former associates Qjje has outgrown; the
local opinions oner has ri-- u above : the
narrow prejudices one h is reproved: the
envies, Jealousies, cravings for revenge
• hai one has provoked--hence within ritle
range of one’s own house are usually to
b- found the hidden fires of the hatreds
whi 1* are unquenchable. It was so with
Jefferson.
Tiie* voluntary offerings made in his be
half by : ympatli'-ti<* admirers pleased the
old statesman immensely, ami he believed
that his debts had beer. paid. Un the
contrary, the amount thus realized wa*>
but a drop in the bucket. He remained
hopelessly insolvent, happily unconscious
of Hie fact. L liable to help himself. lie
remained capable of helping others. It
was his suggestion which started the
movement in favor of LaFay* tte. Con
gress managed io recall what federalism
anil ils historians had well nigh forgoe
ten—that France had shed its blood and
treasure for us whin w* needed them as
we never could need them again. I.n-
Fayette got 25,000 acres of land and
$2(10.000 in money.
Gonvernuer Morris accuses the La-
Fay, ttes of repudiating one-half Hie loan
he made the family when the Marquis
was an Austrian prisoner at Olmutz. The
portrait of an ungrateful, dishonest La-
Fayett*; is not. nandsoine. But there are
o ii. r p:<-;in - .i of the manv-sdoed Fren*. li
man. There is one that would group La-
Fay* tie arid Monroe both old, both
feeble, both poor. They ha.l fought to
gether when they were nothing but boys.
They had honored each other all th- ir
Jives. N-w as they were tottering to-
THE WEEKLY CttNSTFrtJTIONi ATLANTA, GML. MONDAY OCTOBER 5, 1903.
wards the grave, itbble-heartod old Jef
ferson wa> able to turn the tide of for
tune—not to ex-President Monroe, or to
ex-President Jefferson, but to vx-Revolu
tionary Volunteer LaFaye-tte. And the
gallant Frenchman, his purse suddenly
full, turns towards his feeble companion
in arms, the moneyless James Monroe,
and tells him to take what he needs.
"Honor to LaFayette!”
In that attitude holding out the open
hand to the Virginian whose "soul might
have been turned wrong Okie out wltn
out finding a spot, upon it,” LaFayette's
figure stands in a light as radiant as
that which shone abouj him when he led
the lines at Yorktown. (1)
In the summer of 1825 Madison and
Monroe were present at the banquet given
to LaFayette by the University of Vir
ginia, but Jefferson was not strong enough
to go.
LuJ'jayette came to Monticello and the
meeting of thes two relics of a past age
cannot be better described than Mrs.
Randolph has done it:
"The barouche containing LaFayette
stopped at the end of the lawn. His es*
cort—one hundred and twenty mounted
men—formed on vne side In a semi-circle
extending from the carriage to the house.
A crowd of about twm hundred men. who
were drawn together by curiosity to wit
ness the meeting of thyse two venerable
men, formed themselves In a semi-circle
on the opposite side. As LaFayette de
scended from the carriage, Jefferson
descended to the steps of the portico. Jef
ferson was feeble and tottering with age.
LaFayette permanently lame and broken
In health. As they approached cacti
other their uncertain gnij quickened it
self to a shuffling run, and exclaiming
'Ah, Jefferson!’ 'Ah, LaFayette!' they
burst into tears as they fell into each
other's arms”
Among those who looked on there was
not a tearlcsg eye—and no sound except
an occasional sob. The two old men
entered tne house and the crowd dis
persed In silence.
•I) It does not appear, however, that
Monroe accepted any aid from I.n Faye: te.
In all public events, Mr. Jefferson con
tinued to take an interest, but he made
few efforts to influence men or measures.
When the slavery question drew its
sharp g.--I'gr.iphical line ‘between north
and south in 1820 the "fire bell at. night"
aroused him from slumber, filling him
with forebodings. Upon that subject he
wrote in substance:
"The Missouri Is not a moral question,
but one of power merely. Its object I--
to raise a geographical principle forth?
choice oif a president, and the noise will
be kept up until that is effected. AH
know that the spreading of the slaves
does not increase the number of tho
i-i ivi-s, but dilutes Hi.- evil and renders
easier the remedy of it. In the meantime It
is a ladder for rivals climbing to power.”
In that disappointing work, the ‘‘Recol
lections of Richard VV. Thompson,” the
author describes Mr. Jefferson as he ap
p--ared in Charlottesville in 1825. The
venerable stat- smnn had come into town
from Monticello to do some trading at
one of the stores. To little Thompson it
appeared that Jefferson was dressed in
home mad.- clothing. His shoulders were
st . -ped. Hr voice f* "in. and trembling.
He chose his purchases with care and
did not higgle about prices. The mer
chant was very deferential, and when the
trading was finished took his customer
by the arm to assist him to the carriage,
which Jefferson slowly entered with the
aid of the merchant and the old negro
driver.
In Kennedy's "Life of William Wirt"
there is a note by the author in which
Mr. Jefferson is vividly pictured in his
last days:
‘‘l had never seen Mr. Jefferson. It
was a hot day in July when we p'-iched'
the top of the mountain and entered the
spacious hall of Hie mansion. Mr. Jeffer
son had been very ill with a recent at
t:-.k of his malady, and therefore ex
cus'd himself from receiving company.
There was a large -glass door which open
ed on the hall and separated Mt. Jeffer
son's a-; .irtments from It. Whilst we
sat in this hall a tall ate.nuated figure,
slightly stooping forward, ami exhibiting
a countenance filled with an cxpressl* n
of pain, slowly walk'll across the space
visible through the glass door. It was
Mr JclT'-rson. He was dressed in a cos
tume long out of fashion; small clothes,
a waistcoat with flaps ami it struck us.
in the brief view w*- had, some remnants
of cnibroi iery. The sil- nee of the soot
s Hl. the old costume ami tin- short space
in whi h that image glided past the glass
door m.ide a Strang*? ami mysterious im
pression upon us* It was all that I ever
saw of the sage of Monticello "
As his strcnig'th Waned, he feared that,
he might live too long, might Unger tn
dotage. This he dread' d and lie longed to
die before he became a mere driveling
imbecile. To death he looked forward
with serene confidence, an utter absence
of fear. A gradual failure of the physi
cal organs and a dysentery which could
not be checked brought on the end July
4. 1826. To the last, he was clear-mind
ed and resolute. Declining to see a min
ister cf Hie gospel except as a "kind,
good friend," the Deist who had always
yearned for right ami light, and who had
never wilfully harmed a human be-dng, nor
ever prostituted to any base purpose his
time, talent or opportunity, put his feet
into the great roael of eternity without
the slightest tremor or doubt.
On the* niglft of the 3d of July he had
asked, one- and again, "Is it the* Fourth?”
His last thoughts were on his country ami
its birthday—the only birthday he ever
wanted this republic to celebrate. "is
it Hie Fourth?” Told that it was, he
seemed satisfied ami passed Into slumber.
During the morning-or the Fourth he was
in a stupor. Once he roused himself. The
fingers- the long, chalky, stiffened fin
gers—took tin old, Old, shape of holding
the pen and made feebly the motion of
writing.
With liis last words he said, "Tell the
committee to be on the alert!" The spent,
relaxed brain was falling backward to the
trains of thought, the ancient grooves of
purpose, the bygone battle fields where he
had stood in the ranks along where the
foremost stood.
Timid? No. not timid then.- Incapable?
No. not Incapable then. Weak and vacil
lating? Not then, oh, not then!
England marked him as too bold and she
wrote bis name on her black list—her
black list of traitors where Hampden, and
Sydney, and Cromwell, and William Wal
lace, and Robert Emmet are found.
Nervous patriots marked him too bold,
ami bis hot counsel was put aside many
and many a time.
"Tell the committee to bo on the alert"
—Virginia's committee of safety, perhaps,
of which the dying man had been chair
man in the days that tried men's souls.
In another time which tested the souls or
men another great Virginian called out in
his delirium, "Tell A. P. Hill to prepare
for action.”
Great in elemental grandttre is Hint race
whose leaders even In the article of death
cling to duty and to country rather titan
to self-anxious but for the cause to which
life has been gloriously given.
Bells were pealing tor the Fourth cf
July .all over the great land, the boom
of cannon and the sound of patriotic
music thrilled men and women from Ca
nadian borders to the gulf of Mexico, it
was a classic daa th, a sublime death, that
amid such anthems as those the stoutest
leader of the north and the boldest states
man of the south should close their eyes
hi final sleep.
Thomas Jefferson and John Adams dy
ing on tlie same day, July 4, 1826, there
was but one signer left—Charles Carroll,
ot Carrollton.
The old Roman was living in retire
ment at his stately Dougohoregan manor,
near Baltimore, when on July 20, 1826,
he wa.s pressed to attend the funeral
services in memory ol' Adams and Jeffer
son. There was a solemn procession
through the streets ot Baltimore, a
draped funeral car with black horses, a
band of music playing dirges, a troop of
horse with Stannard draped in blm k.
In a carriage 1 olio wing the car rode
diaries Carroll, the only living man who
had signed tho Declaration of Indepen
dence, and John Eager Howard, who l’.a-I
turned back the rout of battle at the
Cowpens. Four generations trooped be
hind the venerable heroes, those veterans
or the ancient struggle for liberty.
The governor of Maryland and all his
brilliant staff were there; members of
the executive and committees of arrange
ments were there; a multitude ot woithy
people from far and near were there; but
this writer has eyes for two figures only
old Charley Carroll, the last of the sign
ers, and John Eager Howard, the hero of
the Cowpens!
THE END.
Free Booklet
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Thomas Jefferson and the Monroe
Doctrine.
Editor Constitution: The brilliant and
versatile author if the "Story of France"
and of "The Life of Nap->l<-on" has just
finished his new book entitled "Thomas
Jefferson and His Times ' Like every
thing that Air. Watson writes, it makes
very entertaining reading and is likely
to become very popular. But whether
it is a book that will live is another mat
ter. His many friends and admirers,
among whom I class myself as one, could
wish that he had been a little more care
ful and painstaking in his statements;
and that when he flatly contradicts some
generally accepted fact of history, he had
taken the time to cite authorities in sup
port of his position.
Take, for example, his statement of the
purposes of the so-called "Holy Alli
ance" of 1815, and his statement in con
nection therewith that Mr. Jefferson was
the first to give explicit utterance to
what we now know as ti? "Monroe doc
trine." He says: “The 1> ■<. alliance had
determined to drive back i - South Amer
ican republics into the of Spain,"
and that Jefferson's lett*. ■. ■ f October 24,
1823, addressed to Freslil* it Monroe, was
"the first full and expli ? setting forth
of the Monroe doctrine. ’ He cites no au
thority for either of ’*?.■ '■ statements,
perhaps for the very gm*d and sufficient
reason that there is none.
Both statements are, of course, histori
cally incorrect. The Ircy alliance did
not seek to restore the S mish-Ameriean
colonies to I heir forme: iliegiance. Its
professed object was regulation of
tile relations between Cl Han countries
by the principles of Ch -tian charity."
Its rial object, as parti iy disclosed in
1821, a.nd as made rv I iat the Vermia
conference of 1822. w ne conservation
of existing European yn.'isties, tbe re
conquest *»f th* 1 S)■ inish-Ameri**an states,
the partition of Hi < e stales among the
allied powers, and, in general, the exten
sion of European power and influence into
tlie western hemisphere. The United
States had recognized the independent* **f
those, states as early as March. 1822.
Not one of the European powers hail as
yet done this. Not one of them recog
nized their independenc*: till nearly eight
een months afterwards. Hen • the de
signs of the holy alliance, as disclosed at
the congress of Verona, were directly a* *1
specifically hostile t*> the settled policy
of the United States alone.
It is true that England had withdrawn
her moral support from the allied powers.
But this was for other than political rea
sons. One of tin- immediate results of
Hi*, recognition of the new republics by
tin United States was the breaking down
of the old Spanish trade reslrietions and
tho opening of those rich and beaut itul
Countries to the commerce of the world.
England, ever watchful to take advantage
of such opportunities, bail already built
up a profitable trade there. Hence for
commercial reasons she. opposed the de
signs of the holy alliance, while for po
litical reasons she refus' d to acknowledge
the independence of th*' now republic.
And for like reasons, Mr. Canning, the
British premier, pine* fl himself on record
as opposed to the Monroe doctrine, in
so far as that doctrine prohibited colo
nization of any portion of the American
continent. (Stapleton's Canning and His
Times.)
This was the condition of affairs when
Jefferson wrote his letter of October 24.
1823, to which Mr. Watson refers. But
liis declarations therein were neither pre
vious nor original. They were little more
than paraphrases of certain sentences in
Washington's farewell address of Septem
ber. 1796. Moreover, as early as July 2,
1823 -nearly four months prior to th*- date
of Mr. Jeffers mi's letter—John Quincy
Adams, as secretary of state, bad, by di
rection of the presi*l*'iit, embodied an ex
plicit statement of what afterwards be
came known as the Monroe doctrine in
an official letter to Mr. Rush, our minis
ter at London. In that letter of instruc
tions, Mr. Adams, in referring to tbe
Smith American republics, and to the
designs of the holy alliance upon them,
said:
"Those independent nations possess all
tlie rights incident to that condition; and
their territories are, of course, not sub
ject to any exclusive right, of navigation
in their vicinity, or access to them by any
foreign power. A natural consequence
of this is that the American continents
are henceforth no longer open to coloni
zation. Occupied by civilized nations,
they are accessible to Europeans on that
A
Cheap lands for
homes and colonies
There are thousands of acres of land along the Cotton
Belt Route in tracts of 160 up to 2,000 and 3,000 acres,
and a few larger tracts, that can be bought for $4 to
sl2 per acre and could be colonized at good profit.
Situated in Southeast Missouri. Arkansas. Northwest. Louisiana and
Texas. Some of it is prairie; most of it. however. 1S b n y*er land-- ho
best saw timber cut. otT. Much of it. Rood farm land wo I deep, rich
soil; grow most anything when put under cultivation. * .*n do cioarca
cheaply and will produce two and three cropsin a season. Here 13 a
clianco to organize a litile partv or form a t'eiS'iborhood colony to se
cur*, cheap homes. Let us send you Hlvtaturedt'scri ptivool t hese lands
and help you organize a colony in y our community lor tuis country.
E. W. LaBEAUME, 0. P. and T. A., St. L. S.-W. Ry-, ST. LOUIS, MO.
footing alone.” (See State Department
Archives; also Adams' Diary, VI, 163;
also Wharton’s Digest, section 57.)
Fifteen days later, that is to say on the
17th of July, 1823—three months and
seven days prior to the date of Jef
ferson’s letter—Mr. Adams had a personal
conference with Baron Tuyl. the Russian
minister in Washington. At that inter
view he orally repeated the substance of
what he had written to Mr. Rush; and,
in tho course of their conversation, he
took occasion to add. and presumably by
die direction of the president, that tlie
United States would "contest any claim
of right by Russia” or any other Euro
pean power, “to establish any new colo
nies on this continent;" and. moreover,
"that we would distinctly assume the
principle that the American continents
wore no longer subjects for now colonial
establishments.” (Adams' Diary, VI, pp.
163, ot seq.)
It'thus appears from official documents
accessible by all that Thomas Jefferson,
so far from being the first to give ex
plicit utterance to the Monroe doctrine,
had nothing whatever to do with its for
mulation; that what he wrote about it
was merely an echo of what had already
become an almost unanimous public sen
timent. as embodied In Washington’s
farewell address; that president Monroe
I and his secretary of state hail already
formulated the doctrine in official utter
rimes three months before Mr. Jefferson
was even consulted about it; and that
when he wrote his letter of October 24,
1823, to which Mr. Watson refers, lie
probably had before him a copy of Mr.
Ruop’s instructions and of the memoran
dum of Mr. Adams' conversation with
th** Russian minister. (Wharton’s Digest,
section 57.)
It was but natural, however, that Pres
ident Monroe should submit these papers
to ex-Presidents Jefferson and Madison,
and solicit their written opinion before
throwing down the gauntlet in the face
of the allied powers in his celebrated mes
sage to congress of December 2, 1823.
Ami It. was but natural, in view of the
gravity of tho issue presented, and of tho
unanimous public sentiment in support
of the president's policy’ that both should
have replied as thev *li<l.
WILLIAM L. SCRUGGS.
GUNBOAT SENT TO ST. ANDREWS
Americans There Will Be Given
Protection.
Washington, September 28.—Edwin M”
Trimmer, American consular agent at
Blur fl' lds. was at the state d.-partmi nt
today to confer witli tlie authorities about
th** reported troubles at St. Andrews
Island. <>ff the Nicaraguan coast. It is
expected that th* gunboat Nashville,which
I has been ordered to St. Andrews, Will
i get under way from Pensacola today,
i Bluefields prcbably will be one of her
I ports of call.
I Acting Secretary of Stale Ade** today
said there had been no pour parlours fie-
I tween the state departmeiil and the Co
' lombian government reg.iruing tite Si. An -
I drews trouble, and it is believed that tne
I Bogota government, will appreciate the
fact that the mission of th? NnshvUle is
in h" interest of restoring oidi r artd af
fording protection to American citizens.
Warship Sent to Their Aid.
■Washington, September 29.—Tito navy
department is advised of the departure
yesterday afternoon from Pensacola of
the gunboat Nashville for St. Anmews
island, off the coast of Nicaragua, where
American citizens have, suffered 111-tri. it
ment at tlie hands of their native em
ployers.
Commander John Hubbard, command
ing Hie Nashville, has Instructions to
lus,iti:te a thorough investigation and
talc*? proper steps for the protection of
tn, sufferers. At the state department
It is said there has been no exchange be
tween the Bogota and Washington gov
ernments on the subject. St. Andrews
Is under Colombian sovereignty.
ITALIAN FLAG FORCED DOWN.
' Quakers Objected to Its Flying' Over
an Italian Work. Colony.
Tamaqua Fa., October 2—About two
■ w* * 1-s ago' a gang of workmen
who ii.it" a camp *.. •''.* V. <st ■ "’ir.. •?
farming village raised an Italian flag
over their quarters.
The farmers became indignant, amide
-1 manded that the flag he lower'd. The
i Italians refusing to comply, a commitb ••
i representing Hie farmers cairn* her* ami
' laid the matter before the police ofii. la's.
; stating that unless immediate action was
I taken they would arm themselves and
i march on' the camp. Chief of Poll*'*:
' Hahn w* nt to th** * .imp and orderi-d tlie
flag lowered, which was done under pro-
I test.
: The Italian consul at Philadelphia, to
| day wrote to Chief Hahn asking him for
I full information regarding tlie matter.
■ Hahn replb'd. stating that lie order**! the
■ flag taken down because he .-aid the
farmers would carrj* out their threat and
that serious trouble would result.
Opium, Morphine, Free Treatment.
Painless horn*? cure guaranteed. Free
trial. Dr. Tucker, Atlanta. Ga.
HAZING AT NAVAL ACADEMY.
Entire Third Class May Be Confined
on Ship.
Annapolis, Mil.. October I.—Captain
Brownson, superintendent of the Na*. 1
academy, is pursuing an investigation 'n
to rue*nt hazing by the dozen upper da-,
mon who have been lure for the last
month awaiting Hie examination.
The Chesapeake has been fitted up amt
if any hazing occurs it is said the whole
third class will be <iuartei'**j on this ship,
which would be a. virtual Imprisonment.
Every third class man as he reports io
th*' academy is now being requiii'd to
sign a pledge that lie will not do any
hazing.
Georgian Ran Mint.
Editor Constitution: 1 remember to
have heard niy deceased father speak
of a Georgian 'who early in the last cen
tury had a private mint in which he
coined gold into all denominations then
in use by the government, of the same
weight and fineness as tho United States
coin, but instead of the government
stump Ills coin was stamped with his
u.ime and the words “Georgia gold." [
have forgotten the coiner's name His
coin was considered as good as that *f
the realm. Can any of your renders
suppl) the name, .ami arc there any of
the coins extant? Answer through Con
stitution. ami oblige.
MRS. N. SMITH WICK DONALDSON.
Florence, Tex.
YELLOW JACK DUCES
111 LAREDO,
There Are 37 Cases in the City, Some
of Them of the Worst Type.
Strict Quarantine Estab
lished Against the
Stricken City.
Laredo, Tex., September 29. —The yel
low fever situation here is beginning tv
assume a xery grave phase. Tnere are
now in tills city 37 cases of fever, 16
of which h:;v ■ been pronounced genuine
by the marine hospital service experts in
charge here; ten cares have been pro
nounced suspicious and eleven new cas s
have been reported today, some ot which
have been announced as genuine, and
others as suspicious. Among these cases
is one which the doctors state is yellow
fever of the worst type. The majority
ot these eases are confined to a certain
district of Hie city with the exception of
some of tiie new cases which have been
reported today.
Notwithstanding the difficulties under
which the sanitary officers are compelled
to work in some Instances, Hie work
jiiacing the city in a perfect sanitary
c* r cilion is being effectively and scien
tifically brought about under the 'direc
tion of the yellow fever experts who are
on the ground, seconded by a corps of
able assistants.
A second detention camp has been es
tablished at Cactus, a station on the
line of the International and Great North
ern railroad about 15 miles from La
redo.
The conditions in Nuevo Laredo are
rot very encouraging. The authorities
have taken very energetic measures in
the way of policing tne town and organ
izing a system of observance.
'i'll? case mentioned yesterday a.s in a
precarious condition, that of Juan Vey
tia, an employee of the Mexican Na
tional railroad, today resulted in his
death. Il is impossible to learn from the
Mexican authoriti* s how many cases exist
in Nuevo Laredo, but it is known that
there is a v* ry large number. Among
the cases tiiat wire today reported very
grave is that of United States Vie:.- Con
sul J. F. Kimball.
Nuevo I-*aredo establish*.*! a strict
quarantine against this city this morn
ing.
Tlie la* k of accommodation is felt by
Hi" people of Laredo, T* t., railroad lines
being so tie*! up that it is impossible to
move freight and bu<iii* 's genoiiHly Is
at a standstill. No official news can be
obtained from Monterey, but it is learned
on what is <■* r*sid* ri*d good authority
that there are at East ten new cases of
fever.
Yellow Fever Still Epidemic.
Laredo, Tex., Oct* -r 2.—Tho yellow
fever is still epidemic here, but la the
opinion of the experts the conditions
have greatly improved and it is not
improbable that, next week will show
further improvemen■'.
Today's official figures show the prog
ress of the disease, as follows:
Now cases today, six; deaths, one; sus
picious cases, none; total caes to Gate,
fifty-one; total deaths to date, foui.
Dr. Tabor, in an interview loaay,
stated that the situation in Duval county
was unchanged. The doctor said he
expected that the slate militia would
be on the ground this morning, out It
now ai.m ns that the Nueces count* au
tli*"i. .- will l " ill'll** ■'.l to pernr.: G,.
running of trains into Duval without
such an extreme measure as tho calling
out of the troops bang resorted to. Thu
doctor slated that Duval county is en
tirely free from yellow fever, and that
even in the event, of that county being
infected it would never do to prevent
the admission of supplies to a starving
people.
Some of the press reports which nave
neeu sent out, according to the doctor,
lire of a startling nature, anil very much
exaggerated. He expircssed th- opinion
that the situation is not so serious a.s
the outside world seems to believe, an* 1
sai'l that in Hie event of its. assuming a
trite status he would unhesitatingly
make the fa* t known.
After next Sunday no more passengers
will bo permitted to pass through this
port from Mexico without going into
detention camp at San**h*z for ten days.
People desiring to enter Texas from
Mexico will have to go through byway
of Eagle Pass if they want to avoid
the detention of ten days.
No aililition.il information has been
received from Mancra, a coal mining
town 23 mill's up the river.
Word from Monterey slates there is
not a single case of fever in that city.
Official reports from Linares were to
the effect that only sixty remain
there, and for four days past not a new
ease has been reported.
thr.ee brothers executed.
Van Wormer Boys Electrocuted for
Killing Their Uncle.
Dann*mor i, N. Y.. October I,— Withoi.
one unfori'* ' i'll incident to mar the per
fect and dignified exceution of tie- d ith
pi'iialty imposed by tlie trial court, sus
tained by the court of appeals, and not
interfered with by Governor Odell, Wil
lis, Frederi.ik and Burton Van Wormer
w*re put to death in fifteen ami a half
minutes at Clinton prison today for ill"
murder of their uncle. Peter A. Hallen
beck, at Greendale. Columbia county, on
Christmas eve, 1901.
in almost all respects, the tragedy
which closed today at Clinton prison was
unique in modern criminal hi.-tory. On
Christmas eve. 1901. with their cousin.
Harvey Bruce, tit. three V,*n Wormer
brothers drove from their h* me in Kin
di rhook, some 14 miles to th* hamlet ot
Greendale, in Columbia county, where
lived Peter A. liailenb.eck. Hie uncle of
the Van Wormers. Mr. Ila lenbeek, ins
wife and liis aged moth, r were silting in
the lamp light in their living room. A
few inonii'iits later ftiere was a knock al
■the door, ami Mr. llallenbe'k answered
it to find the masked m*n before him,
armJd with revolvers. Burton Van Wor
mer led U'e way. and with him Hie old
man grappled. At once all tour began
a fusillade of pistol shots, wlii.li fairly
riddled tho body of Mr. Hallenlie. k. Mrs.
Hallenbe.k. th? wife, ran into the kitch
en. and th*- broth* rs shot at her. but
missed. Her husband ordered her to
flee, and sin* ran upstairs, wliither tlie
older woman had preceded her, and the
two barricaded Hi* mselves in tlie at
tic.
Mr. Hallcnbeek, although mortally
wounded, bi ke away* from liis assail
ants ami went to Hie landing of Hio
stairs, wligre le- keeps a loaded shot
gun. Tlie assailants saw him get the
gun. ami ll> ■!. Tlie old man Ell to the
floor and died.
The triple execution of to.jay raises to
a total of seventy-three Hie list of tlie
mur.lerers who have died in tlie electric
ehair. Tlie simultaneous execution *.f
thrte brothers is not unpivcedent* d in
tin* history of New York state, although
to find the parallel one must go back to
1825. when th- three Thayer brothers
were hanged in Buffalo for murder.
Forgery Failed To Save Them.
Albany. N. Y.. October 2.- Forgery of
th** official title of the hen 1 of the nation
figures in an attempt mail*? yesterday to
save the three Van Wormers brothers
from the death chair it Dannemora
prison. Less titan half an hour before
the time set for tho execution Warden
Deyo received the following telegram:
■•West Point Station. October I.—
George Deyo, Warden; The Van Wormer
~'' ClSW**' ******
' House yi
that Heath
built
fpWO years ago Alexander Heath, of
Boston, determined that there should
be more subscribers for
"The Saturday
Evening Post
in that city and its suburbs than in any
city in the country. He wanted to build
a new home and determined that The
Post should pay for it. Both results
have been accomplished. Here is the
home _ paid for entirely through work for
that magazine.
What he accomplished you can duplicate.
The publishers are ready to announce the
greatest offer ever made for work for Tint
Ladies’ Home Journal and The Saturday
Evening Post. In addition to a liberal pay
ment for every subscription or renewal secured
$50,000
will be given to 3 ? 000
Persons
I this winter —a part each month—just as an
extra incentive to good work. No experience
necessary; no expense involved. Write tor
full details.
THE CURTIS PUBLISHING COMPANY
604 ARCH STREET
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
boys must not bo executed today. A
siav lias been granted.
"BY ORDER TIIE PRESIDENT' OF
' THE UNITED b’l ATI’S."
Warden Deyo at once consulted with
some of th*? witnesses present and con
cluded that tli*? message was a forgery
sent for Hie purpose of delaying the *xe
cation bfyond tli oil" iai *iay. It v* s
concluded first that the president could
not interfere except through Governor
O'Dell and s*?' on*l that r. pn* ve coui l
not be ace* nted by telegraph, but must
be by pers"'nal signature or in personal
interview by t* h ; hone. No attention,
t iierefore, was paid to tho communica
tion. but e.f'.-ry ivor will be mail?
to find the sender and prosecute him or
her. Another indd nt of the execution
x ■ sicrl-i <- w is the snspccislon of Keep*' ;■
’Davies for selling to certain newspapers
tbe contents.of p rsonal messages writ
ten by tlie Van Wormer boys to their
friends.
HE WILL NOT BE A PRISONER.
Pope Intimates That He "Will Occa
sionally Leave Vatican.
Rome, September 28- According to The
Tribune, I’inx X. on re*?' iving the abbot
<■:; Hi - t’eiebraii'l ui..n>n ■:■•*••. of Monte
Cassini, in t.ie Campania, said:
"We shall soon meet, most reverend
father, at Monte Cassini.” Then, re
marking the effect tli se words produced,
an impression tli.it liis noliness would
some day leave the Vatican precincts, lie
a d de d;
"Bray', fir all tilings are obtained by
The pop*? is nisi' said to have told
th" abbot us tiie Boii'.ili tine monastery at
Cava *lei Tiiricne, near Salerno, that he
himself would open the jubilee of the
Inm.aculate Conception.
China Is Forcing Russia.
■Washington, October I. Tlie state de
partment has been informed that Prince
Ching has determined to refuse to con
sent to any term, proposed Russia for a
postponement of tin* evacuation of Ma*i
ehurla which might he injurious to
Chinese sovereignty rights < r th ■ rights
of other nations. CiiiiOi. insists that Rus
sia. having given a pledge to move out
of Muii*'huria on *n* before October 8.
should keep her agreement without the
imposition of any further demands.
San Juan Welcomes Hunt.
San Juan, Porto Rico, October I.—Gov
ernor Hunt arrived here toJiiy from tlie
I nited States an I v.os warmly welcomed,
cffieials a:;d civilians uniting in a dtm
* ;’stration la bis honor. Trier*? wer? no
attempts tv> create disorder. The g* .*-
( ini.ir recoiv* ,1 toil gri.phic greetings from
nil parts of the island.
$200,000 Loss by Fire.
Monterey. Mexiio. Septemln-r 29. —Fire
destroyed the entire plant of tlie Indus
trial Cotton and Furniture Company
early: this morning. The loss will prob
: biy exeee.i $200,000, partially insured-
T'he origin of the fire is unknown.
Fast Miles by Oldfield.
Cleveland. Ohio. September 29.—Barney
Oldli* i i reeled off some fast spiles at
the Glenville tra ’k today during a tire
testing -pin. Odfiold traveled 5 mi! s
in 4:49 2-5. The world s record is 4:54.
Time by miles, 58. 58, 58. 57 2-5, 58.
fheldon To Succeed Gibbs.
New Y'irk. Oct Mr 2.-Senator Flatt
i .Jay ,-.iid that <l ‘oi*g‘ R. S! i io*i. of
New YorS cily. would succeed the late
IT*-* : ii‘*k S. Gibbs ,*i • re; lb!, in national
i nnimitteeman from New York.
eyP.FS WEAK m FREE.
ItKure* Lm-eautl ;i ll.ippx Home foi \ll.
H 7\v any n:;m may quickly cure him.-eif
years of suficring fr »m <ual w< aknees, lost
vitality, night ■- vai; *. . it*', and en
large sm all, xv. ik •• rg-.-.s : > full size and
vigor. Simply -!*i \<• ::- n.n *•• and address to
l‘r. Knapp M- Jral c - . 700 Hull Building,
Detroit, Zili. h.. and th \ x*. ill gladly send free
receipt with full directions so that any man
may <asily cure himself at L -me. Th'.s is cer
’.tinly a most g< :.• r.»us en- r. and the following
extracts taken from their daily mail show what
m-n think of their genet dty:
•'Dtar Si:r I’i- i< • ept my sincere thanks
f-.r X' -irs ol rec.-n: dat- ( have given your
trc.ttment a tl :-Hjg.; test and he 1- nefit has
P. .;i * xtrn n'dinat y. It has completely brace-1
inc up. 1 am just an vig.if.Hic-. as when a boy
and you cannot r-alizc 1. -w happy 1 am.”
' Dear Sirs- Your mulh-'d xx* rkc*i beautifully.
Results vx. exactly wh it I needed Strength
and vigor have » inph Ply returned and en
largement is rntit .ix sat’* lart irv.”
••D« ar Sirs Y< u) xxas r. -tdx.'d and I had no
trouble in making use ■ f the receipt as direct
ed, and can trutkfuliy s.*.- it is a boon to weak
nu n. I .un greatly impt >ved in size, strength
an i vigor.”
All uorre.-pondener Is strictly eintidential,
u.ailcd in plain, s it 10l en\«’...p* 'ihe receipt
i< tree for the asking and they want every
man to have it.
YOUNG MEN, BECOME INDEPENDENT.
Our School can give you a Vetcrinar.x Course
iu simple English language, it home during five
months of your spar.- time, nnd place yon in a
position to secure :> l u- ne>s of from *1,200 tip
v. ards yetirly. li.ploina granted and good poai
i or.s . t.i*f;e.| i r c< .'.’'-.-ifiil students. Cost
v.ith:n r< ■uh of all. >.*,t isfaction guaranteed.
Wr.te for full particulars at once. The Ontario
' clrriunn <’orrrspondriico Sclioot, Lon
don, Ontario. Canada.
7