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4 THE TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL ATLANTA, GA., 5 NORTH FORSYTH ST. Entered at the Atlanta Postoffice as Mail Matter of the Second Class. Daily, Sunday, Tri-Weekly SUBSCRIPTION PRICE TRI-WEEKLY’ Twelve months $1.50 Eight months w SI.OO Six months ...... 75c Four months 50c Subscription Prices Daily and Sunday (By Mail—Payable Strictly in Advance) 1 Wk.l Mo. 8 Mos. 6 Mos. 1 Yr. | Daily and Sunday 20c 90c $2.50 $5.00 $0.50 * ,b,i| v 16c 70c 2.00 4.00 7.50 ; ounday 7c 30c .90 1.75 3.25 i The Tri-Weekly Journal is published on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday and is mailed by the shortest routes for early delivery. It contains news from all over the world, brought by special leased wires into our office. It has a staff of distinguished con tributors, with strong departments of spe cial value to the home and the farm. Agents wanted at every postoffice. Lib eral commission allowed. Outfit free. Write R. R. BRADLEY, Circulation Man ager. The only traveling representatives we have are B. F. Bolton, C. C. Coyle, Charles H. Woodliff. J. M. Patten, Dan Hall, Jr., W. L. Walton, M. H. Bevil and John Mac- Jennings. We will be responsible for money paid to the above named traveling representatives. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS Ke tatfet used for addressing your paper shows the time your subscription expires. By renewing at least two weeks before the date on this label, you insure regular service. In ordering paper changed, be sure to mention your old as well as your new address. If on a route, please give the route number. We cannot enter subscriptions to begin with back num bers. Remittances should be sent by postal order or registered mail. Address all orders'and notices for this Department to THE TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta, Ga. Just One Touch of Democracy Makes All Georgia Kin. ’ EN it comes to an issue of popular rights against political dictation, one touch of democracy makes the whole w of Georgia kin. Up in Bartow and Whitfield counties beats the same strong tide of pro test that pulses in Chatham and Glynn—the same resentment against rough method and gag rule, the same demand for a free ballot and a fair deal, that throbs through every re gion of the Commonwealth. By their denial of the people’s right to vote on the name of Her bert Hoover in the coming Presidential pri mary the rule-makers of the State Executive Committee have succeeded at least in solid ifying public sentiment to an almost un exampled degree. Georgians of all counties, all vocations, all clans of the party and an cleavages of ordinary opinion are united in denouncing this autocratic deal. Writing from Dalton, The Journal’s staff correspondent, a singularly competent and impartial observer, declares: “Hoover senti ment is stronger here than in the neighbor ing city of Cartersville; and in that city it seemed almost unanimous.” Outspokenly and as a virtual unit, representative citizens con demn a procedure which in effect says to the voters: “It is not your will that shall govern in the approach >g primary, but the will of your seven political censors; it is not for you to decide who is a Democrat, that is the pre rogaitve of your political overseers; it is not well that you should vote freely as your own judgment counsels, you shall be limited to such candidates as your political brokers are pleased to select.” Is it to be wondered that Georgians to the manner born, a people pecu liarly jealous of the liberty their sires bequeathed them, should revolt against a rule which strikes at the chief means by which all civil liberties are exercised and preserved? Citizens rightly reason that if such inter ference and dictation become a precedent, it will not be long until the primary loses its character as a medium of free expression and sinks into the mere puppet of a few partisan wire-pullers. In the present instance, indeed, it is obvious that if the people’s reiterated appeal for an opportunity to vote on the name of Herbert Hoover is denied, they will have in reality no choice at all. As the situation stands at this moment, Georgia Democrats will be forced to vote for the At torney General of the United States as Pres idential nominee, or not vote at all. They will be forced to approve his opinions and policies, his unqualified indorsement of ev erything that has been done under the pres ent Administration, and his apparent inten tion of continuing in its every groove, should he be nominated and elected—or else re main away from the polls. That the At torney General is an admirable American, able and upright, none will gainsay. But that is no reason why the Presidential pri mary should be “sewed up” for his exclusive advantage, at the expense of popular rights. That is no reason why the Democrats of Georgia should be forbidden to vote on Her bert Hoover if they so desire. Nor can we be lieve that the Attorney General himself, when apprised of the truth, can countenance such an unsportsmanlike rule as the committee has made. Certainly, no one worthy of Dem ocratic suffrage would countenance it. The Situation in Germany, UDGMENT on the fresh revolution in Germany needs must be suspended un til plainer developments reveal the J power and purpose of the new regime. It is not yet clear, indeed, whether the events of the last few days should be described as a revolution or merely a revolt. The suspicion having been abroad for more than a year that soon or late the monarchists and mili tarists would strike to regain control, one’s first inclination is to take present occur rences as a well designed if not yet wholly successful adventure to that end. Some there are who go further and say that this simply marks the removal of what was never more than a piece of camouflage. Thus the Lon don Daily Mail, after remarking that “while our politicians have been filling us with hot air, the Junkers have been biding their time,” goes on to declare: “They set up a “dud” Government to sign the treaty of peace, but when the time comes to carry out the capitulations the Junkers again take charge.” Against this opinion stands the prompt manifesto of the pew authorities at Berlin to the effect that they will observe all til's terms and conditions of the Treaty of V er sailles. if tnat promise be empty words, the Tact soon will begin to appear; and the Al lies scarcely will leave any uncertainties un guarded. It remains to be seen, however, whether the Kapp forces will triumph over the Ebert Government, or whether in the event of their holding the saddle in Prussia tbev can carry the rest of Germany with It is by no means Impossible that Ba --.rfa, Saxony and the Rhenish States would break away from any such attempted domi nation as that of the old empire. Thinking Germans can but realize, more over, that a reestablishment of the sabre rattling oligarchy which went down in Hin denburg’s deteat would revive the world’s distrust of their nation’s motives and the bitterness which ruthless militarism engen dered. To arouse such feelings at the very time when Germany is desperately in need of outside credits and commerce, would be tl<J one folly which a capable minded people would most carefully avoid. THE ATLANTA TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL. Kong Staple Cotton. B. HUNTER, pi’esident of the Geor gia Fruit Exchange, has proved that long staple cotton can be w. grown successfully in North Georgia. From thirty acres of red clay land near Cornelia he secured a yield of nineteen bales of this variety last year, which sold in Atlanta re cently, together with the seed, for SII,OOO. The cotton brought a price of eighty-two cents a pound, and the seed, five dollars a bushel. In today’s issue of The Tri-Weekly Journal is printed an interview with Mr. Hunter, describing how this type of cotton was brought from Mississippi and by several years’ breeding was developed to the point which enabled Mr. Hunter to secure a yield of SII,OOO from a crop produced on thirty acres. He points out two facts: First, that extra staple cotton can be grown in North Georgia, assuring the farmer a much larger return for his efforts than would be possible through short staple cotton; second, that the variety he has grown develops earlier than any other commercial grade of cotton, even Early King, and for that reason matures before the boll weevil has an opportunity to attack it. He believes, in short, that he has discov ered a variety of cotton which not only will yield the North Georgia farmer more money, but will also enable him to produce a cotton crop in spite of the expected invasion of the northern section of the state this year by the boll weevil. Until fourteen years ago Mr. Hunter had never seen a stalk of cotton. He had been engaged until that time in newspaper and advertising work, first in Chicago and then in New York, but on a hunting trip he ob tained a glimpse of North Georgia and of the peach orchards in that part of the state. He was convinced at once of the money making possibilities of peach-growing in Georgia, and when he decided a short while later to quit the slavery of city life for the freedom of the country, he selected North Georgia for his home. There he cleared a few hundred acres and planted orchards which proved his first conclusion that the peach orchards of the state could be made to yield richly. During the first three years of his resi dence at Cornelia he was so busy with peaches that he had no time to visit Atlanta. His first trip here was to attend a meeting of the Georgia Fruit Exchange. A few years afterward he was elected president of the Exchange, and has proved so efficient in his leadership of the peach growers of the state that he has been re-elected to the posi tion of president in each succeeding year. But his entire time was not taken up with peaches. He became interested in cotton, and following a tour of the state four years ago with agricultural experts who were urg ing crop diversification, he decided to make experiments in cotton breeding. “One thing I Jjecame convinced of,” he says, “was that cheap cotton was a thing of the past, and about that time I heard about a variety in Mississippi and another in Vir ginia. I sent for both and planted ten acres in each. One proved worthless, but the Mis sissippi variety grew the finest looking field you ever saw.” Later, Mr. Hunter made one hundred spe cial selections, and when these had matured he chose the seed from the twenty best to plant the next year. From these twenty he picked the ten that most nearly approached his requirements, and finally by this method of rejecting the undesirables, he narrowed his selection down to two plants. From these came the variety which furnished a yield last year of nineteen bales that sold for SII,OOO. “About a year ago,” says Mr. Hunter, "we ginned this cotton, and some really impor tant facts were proved. The c,otton I had secured from Mississippi, as the basis for my cotton-breeding experiments, had shown only 29 per cent lint. The second crop showed some improvement, but not much. The third crop made greater progress, and last year—that is, the 1919 crop—offered over 33 per cent lint.” The cotton was brought to Atlanta and expert graders agreed on two things, adds Mr. Hunter: “First, that the cotton was the most regular crop they had ever in spected; second, that the fiber was ‘full’ one and three-sixteenths inches. One of the chief objections to extra-staple cotton is the irregularity in length of fiber. The fact that my cotton was not irregular was of much importance. Next the cotton had been graded practically one-eighth of an inch longer than I had expected. In addition, it. had been made a week earlier than had been a fact before, although when I got it from Mississippi it was the earliest cotton grown commercially. This means much to the farmers of Georgia, for upon earliness de pends largely the future of the cotton indus try in these days when the boll weevil is sit ting upon nearly every stalk waiting for the next bloom.” * Mr. Hunter was asked how he could adapt himself to a farmer’s life after living in Chi cago and New York. “Man,” he said, "I live in the best part of the best state in the Union. I wouldn’t trade the walk from my barn to the house for the whole of Broadway.” , British Labor's Sound Decision. PARTICULARLY happy instance of Labor’s turning away from radical counselors appears in the recent vote A of the British Trade Union Congress reject ing the strike as a means of bringing about nationalization of the coal industry. The miners themselves voted approximately five to three in favor of "direct action” to ob tain Government ownership and opera tion. But the rank and file of workers, without whose support the miners could never hope to make headway with so sweep ing an innovation, stood nearly four million against the proposed strike to a little more than one million favoring it. This does not mean that the Trade Union ists have abandoned the idea of nationalizing the mines; they are avowedly as strong as ever for that project. But they intend to press it by Constitutional methods. They prefer the highroad of democracy to the blind alleys of Bolshevism. They have Par liament and they have the ballot box as freemen’s agencies through which to seek the ends they desire. If they can win thus, they will have won fairly and constructively; but if not thus, then they cannot win at all so long as England remains a government of the people rather than the government of a class. The principle which the British Trade Union Congress so seasonably has indorsed has been repeatedly emphasized in America by Mr. Gompers and leaders of his sagacious type. He has had to fight radicalism con. tinually in recent years, but he has fought it manfully and as a discerning friend of the rank and file. He has seen how peril ous it is to invoke extra-Constitutional or extra-legal power in efforts to attain an end, and how unwise it is for any one group or element to demand more than its substan tial rights. The American way of settling issues is not so speedy or spectacular as the Russian way, but it is incomparably safer and surer and incomparably fairer to the great body of the people. The peacg treaty appears to be Lodged in the Senate.—COLUMBUS CITIZEN. CURRENT EVENTS OF INTEREST A dispatch to Le Journal, a Parisian news paper, from Berlin, says that the German government will hand to the allies in May a memorandum insisting on the necessity of granting to Germany a loan of 45,000,000,- 000 marks. The memorandum will demand modification of the rules governing the allied occupation, the dispatch adds. A bay horse with a cloven foot is exciting much interest at the world’s fair in London, Eng. The horse is the offspring of a shire stallion and a Welsh mare, and it is suggested that his two toes indicate a reversion to his prehistoric ancestors. Prehistoric horses had three or more toes on each foot. One of the earliest members of the horse family, Phena codus, is said to have had five on each foot. The manufacture of hats in China is ex pected to become an important industry. With the cutting of the queue, foreign hats displaced the native styles. More than 2,000 rush hats are exported each year from Ningpo to the United States. A hat of good quality is being made in Ezechwan of palm leaf fiber. The extensive manufacture of straw braid in Shantung will lead to the manu facture of straw hats in that section. Air routes from England to Egypt and Can ada, Egypt to India, Cairo to the Cape and India to Australia have been proposed by Major General Sir F. H. Sykes, of London, controller general of civil aviation. Another route to be developed would be between Eng land and the West Indies, with the Azores as a stepping stone. From some central point in the West Indies a connecting service of flying boats could be usefully employed for the distribution of mails. In Franklin county, Maine, during the month of January, ten trappers earned $6,000 from trapping beavers alone. The ten took 150 of these animals, the average value of which was S4O per pelt. Al Wing, of Flag staff, was the luckiest, getting thirty-five, which gave him $1,300 for his month’s work. Leslie Sylvester, of Dead River, got twenty one, worth SB4O, while Ralph Wing, also a Flagstaff man, got eighteen, .giving him $720. The smallest catch was made by. C. H. Henderson, of Dead River, who took only eight, but those netted him $320. In addition to the beaver, all these men got some muskrats, worth $2 a pelt, and also mink, fox and other fur-bearing ani mals. A good many years ago a resident in Bridgewater, Mass., decided to try his hand at influencing tree growth. Accordingly, he planted four sapling elms in the form Os a square at the entrance gate to his home and bounded them closely together’ about twelve feet from the ground. At the time his neigh bors considered it a huge joke, but five or six years later they were forced to admit that the scheme was not a fruitless one after all, because by this time the four trees had had grown together and formed a unique en trance to his home. The trees now have all the appearance of a single tree on stilts. Locally it is known as the “wishing tree,” and small boys and girls believe that by making a wish while walking in and out between the trees, the wish will come true. According to report from Berlin, the new German coat of arms adopted by the national assembly consists of a one-headed eagle on a yellow gold shield, and without the old-time crown. The eagle will be displayed in sim ple heraldic form, without any accessories. The Hohenzollern coat of arms and the chain of the order of the silver eagle, all parts of the old Prussian coat of arms, have been omitted. The bill of the eagle, the tongue and the talons are in red. Servants of the government are to wear the device without the shield so it can be pinned to their uni forms. Some of the Pan-German papers ridicule it, saying, the “skinny, homely eagle with extended tongue” violates the rules of good taste. A report from London, Eng., in contra dicting a statement in the English press that young women are being persuaded by agents of the Church of the Latter Day Saints (Mor mons) to leave their home and go to Utah, J G McKay, London, president of the church, has offered SI,OOO for proof of a single case in which such means have been employed to obtain converts to his sect. DECENTRALIZE INDUSTRY By H. Addington Bruce iHE more I ponder t he great social problems of today the stronger grows my belief that a first necessary step T in their solution is a checking of the move ment of population toward large centers of industry. If factory owners could be persuaded or compelled—not to mass together, but to separate, so that we should have many small industrial centers, the task of raising the na tional level of health and happiness would at once become infinitely easier. In fact, unless a decentralization of in dustry is brought about it needs no prophet to foretell an era of steadily increasing dis content, with results that may be calami tous. The housing problem —so serious to day in all our large cities —can only become more serious with the passage of time if industry is not decentralized. So with the food problem. Whereas, if the tendency were to the crea tion of numerous small centers of industry, herding in tenements might readily be made a thing of the past, the workers could avoid exhaustion in getting to and from their places of work, and to some extent they could produce their own food. For in such centers every worker might have his own garden plot, with time assigned for its cultivation, to the betterment of his health as well as the lowering of his living expenses. As things now stand, crowding, suffering and widespread ill-health are inevitable. Wage raising is only a partial remedy—if, for that matter, it can rightly be called a remedy. Education, though indispensable, cannot possibly bear the fruit it should. This for the reason that, whatever the thoroughness with which a man is taught how to live, and whatever his willingness to live aright, social conditions obviously must be such as to enable him to turn his knowl edge to practical account. And, unmistak ably, social conditions at present make health education futile for multitudes. Because industry has been overcentralized multitudes are denied the air space and the light all should have in their homes. Mal nutrition is forced upon multitudes. In mul titudes fatigue is chronic. Os course, decentralizing of industry would have its disadvantages. Especially would it involve a slowing down of commercial activ ity, a handicapping of trade. But trade is not the be-all of life. There are other things of vastly more importance Trade can be' esteemed above these only at the nation’s peril. (Copyright, 1920, by the Associated News papers.) * Reports from the Portuguese frontier de clare that the workmen in Portugal have proclaimed a soviet republic. The postal the telegraphic and other workers are said to have joined the railroad men in the move. Telegraphic communication with Portu gal is interrupted, but the Spanish officials consider the rumors of a revolution as alarm ists. They do not, however, fail to take into consideration the seriousness of the extensive strike movement and its possibilities. The Portuguese legation here is without definite news from Lisbon. A strike of all the employees on the Por tuguese railroads was announced in a dis patch from Tuy, Spain, on the Portuguese border, Tuesday. The strike began Monday night of last week. The message said it was believed all the postal and telegraphic em ployees would strike in sympathy with the railroad men. who were demanding an in crease in wages. For just 23% cents it is possible to obtain a hearty meal, washed down with half a bot tle of red wine, in the Paris municipal restau rants just opened. The 3% cents go to pay for the wine. A prohibitionist can get the following repast for 20 cents, and there’s no tip: MENU Hors d’Oeuvre Roast beef with fried potatoes A large helping of vegetables Cheese or pudding Large chunk of bread Food experts here claim that in no other metropolis in the world can three such “squares” be had daily for twice the price— -60 cents for one day’s nourishment. A giant crane, with a lifting capacity of more than 1,000,000 pounds has been com pleted at the fitting-out pier of the Philadel phia navy yard. A descriptive announcement by the navy department says the crane, which has an over-all height of 245 feet, or equal to an eighteen-story building, was the largest of its type in the country, having been constructed at a cost of nearly $1,000,000. The utility of the crane in permitting the installation in battleships of wholly assem bled turrets, guns, boilers, etc., which here tofore have had to be dismantled for instal lation, can be measured, it was said, by the initial test feat of the apparatus, in which it lifted two locomotives of approximately 100,- 000 pounds each, in addition to 832,000 pounds of steel billets. Immigration into Canada from the United States fell off 43 per cent during the last fiscal year, according to a report of the Cana dian department of immigration, issued this past week. Last year 40,715 Americans set tled in Canada against 71,314 the preceding year. For the year just closed figures show 9,914 settlers came from the United King dom and 7,073 from other European coun tries. Denial was made at the state department at Washington, D. C„ of the published re port from abroad that the United States gov ernment, on account of the attitude of the senate toward the Versailles treaty, has or dered the withdrawal from Europe of its representatives who have been acting as un official observers to keep this government informed of the work of the reparations com mission and other bodies provided for by the treaty. According to a dispatch from Manila, pen sions of $6,000 yearly w<ere granted the ter ritorial legislature to General Emilio Agui naldo, leader of the Filipino insurgents against the Spaniards in 1896, and Caye tano S. Arellano, formerly chief justice of the supreme court of the Philippines. The legislature also voted $25,000 to Frank W. Carpenter, retiring governor of the de partment of Mindinao and Sulu. Retirement of Governor Carpenter was due to abolishing of the political organizations in Mindinao and Sulu, both of which have become regular provinces with elective gov ernors. Mr. Carpenter has been in the service of the United States in the Philippines for near ly twenty-two years. It is understood that Captain H. F. Col beth, general superintendent of the Cape Cod canal, has announced the reopening of the acnal. It has been close to traffic since the government relinquished control last Sunday night. RADICAL By Dr. Frank Crane We protest against being robbed of our beloved word. People are taking it and smudging in and calling it nasty, making it hateful. And it is a good word, great prog ress-pregnant, millennial, ideal. So we are peeved. The word is—Radical. Radical implies going to the root of things, doctoring diseases and not symptoms. It means the application of intelligence to all problems, and not being guided by tradition, prejudice, or expediency. It means belief in and utter loyalty to the truth. And see what they’ve done! They have married radicalism to envy, and made it sister to idleness, selfishness, and fault-find ing. Radicalism does not smash shop win dows and shoot policemen; radicalism is pre cisely the penetrating eye that sees such tac tics are childish, do not pay, and play into the hands of reactionism. , Radicalism is gentle and patient. Why not? seeing that it goes to the root, lays hold on foundations, grips eternal verities. Why fret? When all-powerful? Radicalism cannot be impatient and vio lent. Only utter radicalism can “turn the other cheek” and “resist not evil,” because it alone has confidence in the cosmic laws, and knows that eventually the universe spews out the wrong-doer. It is unbelief, panic, little minds, that rush to use force and blus ter. “The half-faith lights the fagot.” Radicalism is never bitter. How can it be, since it sucks at the breast of Mother Nature? It is healthy, for it will eat no canned ideas, but only the fresh grown. It is tolerant, as it knows well that truth always wins, against all comers. It is not excitable and violent. It is never wild-eyed and hot-lipped in its propaganda. For it knows that it will triumph, being the truth, and having the co-operation of the stars. So it can wait. It alone can wait. “He that believeth shall not make haste.” Why do they say, “Such a man is dan gerous; he is too radical?” Only the radical is safe. It is the apostles of expediency who need watching. If a man is not radical, why, count your spoons when he leaves. All my life I have aspired to be worthy of the name radical; so I object when the pot house partisan, or the smug profiteer, or the social snob, or the sweatshop owner, or the satisfied Pharisee, or any other of the worms that infest outworn institutions or breed in overiat privilege, use this most honorable of names as an opprobrious epithet. Also when the sour-livered apostle of un rest, the crazy crank, and the angry Hooli gan, take my livery of heaven to serve the devil in. (Copyright, 1920,, by Frank Crane.) THURSDAY, MARCH 18, 1920. THE TRI-WEEKLY EDITORIAL DIGEST A National and Non-Partisan Summary of Leading Press Opinion on Current Questions and Events “A few months ago it was proposed that Germany should be ecomonically boycotted as a means of increasing its military pun ishment. Now the supremo council is con sidering economic assitance to Germany.” Thus the NEW YORK TIMES (Ind. Dem.) describes the great change in the attitude of the Allies toward Germany since the Ver sailles treaty was drawn up. "In a word,” adds the PITTSBURG LEADER (Prog. Rep.) "the statesmen who framed the term of ‘peace’ at Versailles confess they must undo all the work and perform it all over,” and the LEADER goes on to say: "They must now do what they should have done a year ago. Then they refused to listen to sane suggestions. The program they have mapped out now is precisely what they were told at Versailles they should have prepared a year ago. They could not see it then —perhaps for the advancement of per sonal political programs they did not want to see anything they did not want to see.” What is this new program of the Allies concerning Germany? The official state ment of the Allied supreme council says: “It is most desirable in the interests of the allied countries no less than of Germany that at the earliest possible moment the total repayments to be made by Germany under the treaty of Versailles should be fixed and that in accordance with the terms of the treaty. ... she (Germany) should be enabled to obtain essential foodstuffs and raw materials, and, if necessary in the opin ions of the reparations commission, should be allowed to raise abroad a loan to meet her immediate needs, of such amount and with such priority as the reparations com mission may deem essential.” A striking illustration of just what a loan to Germany means is given by the PHILA DELPHIA RECORD (Ind. Dem.), which tells of a man fined in court who pleaded that "he had no money with him, but he had enough money at home, if he only had the means of getting there. The tender hearted judge lent hi mmoney to go home and get enough money to pay his fine.” Yet when the victors assessed the cost of war against Germany they had little thought that they would have to set Germany up in business before they could collect. "It is a grim reversal of things from what we thought they would be, and should be,” re marks the WHEELING INTELLIGENCER (Rep.), “but the world needs the products of German mines, mills and factories, and it needs to help Germany now if Germany is ever going to be able to repair some of the damage she has done in the world.” But this policy “does not imply,” declares THE ATLANTA JOURNAL (Dem.), “any relaxing of the will to keep Prussianism im potent. It means, on the contrary, a safe guarding reaction against the danger of Prussianism’s returning as the tenfold devil of bolshevism.” The FRESNO REPUBLI CAN (Ind.) points out also that the new plan is distinctly in the interest of the Al lies. “England and France are literally afraid to let Germany go bankrupt, just as we ought to be afraid to let England and France go bankrupt. Whether we love each other or hate each other, we are in the same boat, and we cannot afford to have any leaky spots in anybody’s compartment of it.” "Germany must be helped,” agrees the PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER (Rep.), "but justice forbids that it be helped at France’s expense.” And this is what France fears, especially if the proposed loan to Germany should constitute a first mortgage on Ger man revenues. The French believe their reparation claims should have precedence. France Is right in insisting, declares the CHI CAGO EVENING POST (Ind.), "that noth ing be done ... to lessen the indemnities which Germany is actually required to pay In reparation for Injury to invaded coun tries,” but it believes that France is pro tected in this respect by the decision to leave the question of priority to the reparations commission. However, as the NEW YORK GLOBE (Ind.) notes, a proper provision for HOGS AND DEMOCRACY—By Frederic J. Haskin ' ACKSONVILLE, Fla., March 12.—During the last few years, hogs—not razorbacks, but high-bred, pork-making hogs—have in- J creased in the state of Florida at the rate which is probably unprecedented in porcine history. At the same rate, and as a direct result of this hog-manipulation, there has been a great in crease in the number of that pillar of de mocracy, the man who works for himself, otherwise known as the independent operator. For the facts concerning this great eco nomic development, as well as the philosoph ical inferences which accompany them, credit is due to W. M. Traer, who is secretary of the Florida State Swine-Growers’ association, and is easily the leading pork-propagandist of the state. The sensational facts about Florida hog cul ture are as follows: Five years ago there were practically no hogs in this state except for that characteristic and übiquitous feature of southern scenery, the razorback. The razor back, of course, is an animal not to be de spised. For a combination of sagacity, speed, wind, fighting qualities, omnivorous appetite, self-reliance and immunity to disease, he is hard if not impossible to beat. The objec tion to him as a hog is that he produces little or no pork. He shuns fat like a movie star. He assays about ninety per cent bristle, hoof, tusk and squeal. He excites admiration but does not satisfy the appetite. The Floridians decided that this old-time southerner would have to go. They organized and began to import blooded stock. The re sult is that there are now nearly two million real hogs in the state of Florida, and the number is steadily growing. The state grow ers’ association was organized two years ago, and it is the leader in forming an all-southern association. A Florida sow, with two genera tions of Florida hogs behind her, won the grand championship at the International Live stock exhibition in Chicago. Recently as m- ch as $32,000 has been paid for a boar to be used for breeding purposes in Florida. A live stock show is now being planned here which is ex pected to attract five million dollars’ worth of exhibits. There is a big packing plant at Jack sonville, and two smaller ones at Chipley and at Tampa. And all this has been accomplished in five years! Mr. Traer firmly believes that the hog is to be the mainstay of Florida’s future prosperity. As a quick producer of wealth, he believes that the hog has no equal. Pork production, he says, is the poor man’s best bet, and one which he too often overlooks. More and more these days it takes capital to get started in any thing. The days when you could start on a shoe-string seem well-nigh gone. The result is that a lot of us are holding jobs who would like to be in business for ourselves. At this point we must rise from the solid ground of fact and take : hazardous little flight in the thin air of theory. Fifty years ago when any could get a hundred and sixty acres of good land by going west and building a shack on it, we had little or no unrest in this country, and other nations admitted that we had a lot of democracy. Now that most of us have to hunt jobs in cities, we have a lot of unrest, and the people across the water regard us as the most reactionary of nations In a word, we venture the mild generalization that democracy is at bottom a matter of economics, rather than of policies, and so is unrest. If you are work ing for yourself you are inclined to be satis fied with things because there is nobody to Helping Germany to Her Feet. "actual damage inflicted” does not mean that "the Allied world should go on pretend ing that Germany can pay $25,000,000,000, when in reality she can pay no more than ten billion, or that she can pay immediately any considerable sum without outside aid, or that she can be allowed to relapse into anarchy without endangering the rest of Eu rope.” This recalls that the amount of the Ger man indemnity is not fixed in the peace treaty, and the NORFOLK VIRGINIAN-PY LOT (Ind. Dem.) urges that it be fixed at once, for "the best interests of the Allies demand that Germany should be In position to make its taxation plans and enter upon its task of payment at the earliest possible moment.” There are some fears, however, that con sideration for Germany is carrying us too far. Thus the NEW BEDFORD STANDARD (Rep.) says: "Some critics of the treaty seem to be actuated by the belief that it is the duty of the victors in the war to give the vanquished all the advantage, even if such generosity involves serious disadantage to themselves. That the French might be resentful if some thing were done or not done does not in terest them, but the thought that the Ger mans might cherish resentment has caused them poignant grief. ... At the momwitt British influence predominates. Germany, having been rendered impotent as against' Great Britain, is to be aided to her feet, while the interests of the continental allies, France and Italy, against whom, particularly France, the German menace is serious, are being minimized.” The BROOKLYN STANDARD-UNION (Rep.) feels even more strongly about it. pointing out that Lloyd George "when run ning for re-election promised that Germany would pay forty billion dollars” and "as soon as elected admitted that Germany would not pay anything,” it says the "latest suggestion is that ‘German sympathizers in the United States’ would be called upon to furnish our quota of the big loan to Germany,” thus re vealing “Lloyd George as a pro-German propagandist in the United States.” The NEW YORK TRIBUNE (Rep.) likewise "has no hope of silencing the newest form of pro- German propaganda.” The TRIBUNE de clares that ‘‘no ‘crushing’ indemnity has been levied. . . . The reparation bill, so far as fixed, is . . . $15,000,000,000, a sum it is agreed Germany is able to pay. When this amount has been paid over then the inter national commission may, if it deems wise, demand more, but only when there is unani mous agreement that it is within Germany’s ability.” QUIPS AND QUIDDITIES Through the dark, wintry night two dear old pals strolled homeward. It had been some body’s birthday or something. Anyway, it was very late now. As the church clock struck the hour of 3 one of the wanderers suddenly exclaimedi “I haven’t any latchkey! ” “Well, won’t your wife get up and open the door for you?” “Not much! Will yours?” “You bet! I’ll scratch at (he door and whine and she’ll think he- dog has been locked out.” The majesty of the senate does not .awe Vice President Marshall. On one occasion pretty nearly all the speakers were giving their views of “what this country needs.” Mr. Mar shall listened to many versions of the nation’s needs. Suddenly he bent over and whispered audibly to Rose, his assistant secretary of the senate: “Rose, what this country needs is a really good 5-cent cigar.” The parties don’t seem as much In need of platforms as they do of hat-racks.—CO LUMBUS RECORD. And in Spain they are complaining because olive oil, the real article, is selling at fifty cents a quart.—UTlCA OBSERVER. blame except yourself; but if you are working for some other fellow you are sure to blame him, with more or less reason. The labor problem is simply this fact operating on a large scale. In other words, as other author ities have intimated before, the idea seems to be to get back to a system which will give every man some control over 'his means of livelihood, thereby encouraging him' to fight with himself instead o f with the rest of us. We do not wish to hang any responsibility for the above wind-jamming on Mr. Traer, but he makes an eloquent argument that the hog is one of the leading methods of achieving that needed economic independence. With a proper eye for publicity, Mr. Traer says to take Florida for instance. Here it is possible to raise two or three crops of forage every year. It is also possible to raise two litters of pigs in a year without the use of artificial heat. A man can buy excellent land for twenty-five dollars an acre, says Mr. Traer, provided he keeps away from the sections where the real estate oper ator is most abundant. In such sections, he says, the same kind of land sells for one hundred dollars an acre. With one hundred acres of land and half a dozen brood sows, provided he has executive ability and industry, he can found a fortune. The Florida climate and the incredibly pro lific hog magnificently co-operate in this glo rious achievement. But main credit is due the hog. Hogs breed at the age of ten months' have two litters a year, and ten or twelve pigs at a litter. Mr. Traer figures out on a piece of paper with a lead pencil that the happy owner of this one old sow and ten acres of land, having purchased the services of a high grade boar, may with luck at the end of his second year have 81 sows, and may have sold in the meantime 72 boars. This seems in credible, but Mr. Traer is an authority and he did the arithmetic. The deservi. g settler will meantime be toiling on his ten acres, produc ing enough turnips, peanuts, oats and other crops to keep his growing porcine family alive. Now and then he will pause to shoot a dose of hog cholera serum into each one of them. He will not lead an easy life, but the limits of his ultimate wealth are measured only by his energy and generalship. Mr. Traer believes that a survey of the United States will show that rural prosperity is directly in proportion to the number of hogs found in a given section. He points out that lowa, which is the richest state per capita in the United States, is also a great hog-producing state. And lowa is a place where tne wealth is well distributed. It is said io be the one state in the union where there ar<s enough motor cars so that everyone can get his foot off the ground at the same time. It is the direct antithesis of the great eastern man ufacturing communities where the per capita wealth is nearly as great, but a few persons have got the most of it. And in lowa there are 11,000,000 hogs. In a word, nearly everybody has got a few of these prolific producers, and therefor** nearly everybody has got at least a little money. The hog, after he is deaa, becomes a mainstay of corporate capital, but alive he is the little fel low’s friend. We have cattle barons and sheep kings, but no one has succeeded in monopo lizing the business of raising hogs over enor mous areas, and in “squeezing the little fellow out;” because it is too easy to start hog farm ing. It is above all .. business where it is easy* for the little (itllow to squeeze in.