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How Often Should You
Feed the Chicken Flock?
Just how frequently chickens
should be fed depends on whether
they are confined or on the range.
Some poultrymen feed their flocks
twice a day, while others feed them
three times a day. The best plan is
to feed fowls in confinement three
times a day and those having free
range in summer twice a day. When
there is a very long interval be
tween feeds it is difficult to keep
fowls busy which are kept in con
finement. Idle fowls often contract
bad habits, such as feather pulling
and egg eating, besides going out of
condition from lack of exercise.
In case it is not convenient to teed
three times a day, the moistened
mash may be fed in the morning,
and at the same time the noon feed
of grain may be scattered in the
litter, which will keep the fowls
busy a great part of the day.
For those who cannot conveniently
feed their fowls early in the morn
ing a good plan is to scatter grain
plentifully in the litter after the
birds have gone to roost. This grain
will furnish feed for the early morn
ing. say poultry speicalists in the
United States department of agri
culture.
Some poultry keepers can look
after their fowls only once a day.
If this is in the morning, moistened
mash may be fed. followed by throw
ing grain in the litter to furnish
feed for the remainder of the day.
If it is in the evening, before dark,
a moistened mash may be given, and
either after the fowls go to roost
or in the morning, before daylight,
grain may be scattered in the litter
for eating during the day.
Convert Brush Into
Pasture; Utilize All
There are many hundreds of thou
sands of acres of land grown up in
brush that should be in permanent
pasture. Most farms all over the
country have some such acres. With
labor as high as it is at present,
many farmers figure that they can
not afford to clear brush land for
pasture, but the United States de
partment of agriculture points out
that the labor employed on practical
ly any farm can be utilized to clear
from one to a few acres of brush
land every year at times when regu
lar form work cannot be done. The
brush can be cleared away at any
time, of course, and after it is off
the ground may be plowed at inter
vals when the tilled fields are too
wet for plowing. Every acre of land
cleared and put in permanent pas
ture means an investment that will
pay’ dividends through a life-time.
The kinds of grass to sow vary with
the locality. The departmbent of
agriculture has conducted extensive
investigations to determine the best
methods of making permanent pas
tures in the various sections of the
country. Literature and other in
formation on the subject may be had
by writing the. department.
The fundamental factors that are
Involved in making good corn silage
also apply in making beet-top silage.-
Pae kthe mass thoroughly to ex-
Pack the mass thoroughly to ex
tight. Good silage requires thor
ough packing.
Co-operative Marketing
Successful to Farmers
During the first 100 days of 1920,
68 co-operative carloads of hogs
were shipped from 22 Arkansas
counties. The <1,480 hogs in the cars
were owned by 700 different farmers,
or an average of more than 10 ship
pers to each carload. Returns total
ing >127,590.52 were received for
these hogs at the central markets.
The average cost of shipping was
only 94.3 cents per hundredweight.
The amount made above the highest
price offered locally, where there
was a local market, amounted to
$260 per car. or a total saving of
more than $17,500 on all shipments.
The season for shipping Arkansas
cattle has not started; but In 1919
cattle shipments from that state ex
ceeded the' co-operative- shipments- <jf
hogs, and Indications this year are
that almost all the Arkansas cattle
will be shipped co-operatively.
The co-operative shipping of live
stock by the method advocated by
the United States Department of Ag
riculture has been found practicable
and profitable in all sections of the
country where live stock is produced
in connection with general or spec
ialized systems of farming.
Start the Home Cannery
Home canning at its best provides
a supply of every fruit and vegeta
ble that has been in season during
the summer for use during the win
ter. Rhubarb, asparagus, and dan
delion greens are in season now
Enough of each to serve once a week
during the cold months will add
variety to the menus next winter.
Market white-shelled and brown
shelled eggs in separate packages.
Eggs irregular in shape, those which
are unusually long or thin-shelled,
or which have shells otherwise defec
tive, should be kept by the pro
ducer for home use, so that break
age in transit may be reduced as
much as possible.
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Rear Spring (wt. 42 lbs.) 7.8 S
Radius Rods (wt. 7 lbs.) 2.25
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THE AJLIjANTA TKI-WKMMIjY JOURNAL.
TILLY, WORLD’S CHAMPION COW,
DOTES ON HER “GOLDEN CALF”
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WOODLAND. Cal.—Born, to Car
nation King Sylvia and his wife Tilly
Alcartra, at their home near this
city, a son weighing sixty-one
pounds. Both mother end son are re
ported doing nicely.
The name Alcartra King Sylvia has
been chosen for the young aristocrat
who is expected soon to take his
place with his father and mother as
a leader of bovine society. He will
probably make his debut into high
society early in June when, with a
Save Waste of Purebred Bull Calves;
Every Dairyman Knows Their Value
Nature has her own percentage
rules ■which are as infallible, in the
long run, as the dealer’s margin at
a Monte Carlo gambling resort. Ac
cording to this inflexible law of av
erages, there are about as many bull
calves born each year as there are
heifer calves.
Every good .dairyman knows the
value of a pure-bred sire of good rec
ord, and what such an animal may
accomplish in the way of improving
a grade or scrub herd. Despite their
acknowledged value, it appears that
73,000 pure-bred bull calves of dairy
breeds were killed for veal or were
fattened for beef'in 1918. 1
A chart has been prepared by the
dairy division. United States depart
ment of agriculture, which furnishes
a graphic illustration of what hap
pened to the pure-bred bull calves in
1918.
The line representing
Holstein-Friesian cows registered in
I§lß runs out to 80,000. The line
Spr the bulls of this breed registered
More Eggs, Feed Hens Meat Scraps,
Fish and Milk in Diet Add 60 Per Cent
Hens given meat, fish, or milk
products in their diet will lay from
38 to 66 per cent more eggs than
those.which have only:gxai» food and
whet’bugß anti ’Worms" can pick,
up on free range, recent experiments
made by the United States depart
ment of agriculture show.
The birds used in the experiments
were given conditions as nearly like
those on a normal farm as possible.
The experiments were repeated un
der different conditions and in differ
ent years to avoid,'as far as possible,
any error due to the varied charac
teristics of the birds.
The average farmer feeds very lit
tle meat, fish, or animal protein feed
of any kind to his poultry, and con
sequently gets few egg.s during the
late fall And winter when eggs are
selling at the highest prices.
In the experiments conducted on
the government poultry farm, pens of
pullets on free range were fed a mash
New Peach Grader Attracts
Attention and Farmers Get Wise
Peach growers are displaying keen
interest in the new peach-sizing de
vice perfected by the bureau of mar
kets, United States department of
agriculture. Application for a public
patent covering the sizer has been
granted by the patent office, and
many requests, for drawings have
been received.
The machines will be used in the
peach belt during the coming sea
son. The performance of the sizer
will be carefully watched by peach
growers and manufacturers general
ly. and if the device proves to be
all that is claimed for it the next
peach season will doubtless find a
large number of the machine's in
practical operation. , ,
The object sought by the use of
the machine is to handle fruit more
COW CONNECTS ARITHMETIC
WITH LIFE FOR MANY BOYS
If you started out to find, among
the boys of today in the United
States, the one who is to become the
first man in the world in relation to
dairying', the first place you would
go would not be a cottOn farm in
South Carolina, would it? But that
would have been the place to go on
that mission thirty years ago. The
present chief of the dairy division,
United States department of agricul
ture, would have been the boy. You
would have found him, probably,
chopping cotton or maybe plowing
corn or cutting wheat with an old
fashioned cradle. And you might
have picked him for a leader in any
one of half a dozen agricultural
lines,* but not for dairying, because
there was no market for milk in his
community.
How a Dairyman Was Made
How do you suppose he happened
to become a dairy specialist? Well,
his aunt gave him a heifer one time.
He cared for the •animal, fed her,
milked her, sold her calves and kept
the money, and generally felt that the
cow was his. His interest in that
cow led to his interest in all cows.
That is one of the illustrations that
the department of agriculture might
cite in beginning its work of encour
aging the formation of boys’ cow
clubs. There are many calf clubs.
Banks have done a great deal toward
encouraging boys to own calves. The
plan, ordinarily, is to lend a boy mon
ey to buy a calf, which he keeps for
a year, then sells and repays the
bank. The dairy specialists believe
that there should be cow clubs, also—
and there are a few already. A boy
can borow money to buy. a ’ heifer
about ready to freshe’n, and make her
pay for herself in from one to two
years, provided, of course, that there
is an available market for his milk
or cream.
One of the objects sought, of
course, is to interest the boy in cows
and in dairying, but the dairy spe
cialists believe that they see away
to use the cow for deepening the
boy’s interest in other things. They
propose, wherever it can be done,
that the cow become the basis of
the boy’s arithmetic at school.
For the average boy, it is pointed
out, arithmetic is not related to life.
The figures are not symbols—they
are just figures. Every problem is
an abstract 4 times 4, or 6 per cent of
- tin
retinue of cheering cattlemen, he will
appear in Milwaukee with the ex
pressed intention of establishing a
new price record, now held by his
sire.
Already, while still under the care
of a doting mother, he is considered
a very wealthy youngster, being val
ued at $50,000. It is confidently pre
dicted that he will be worth more
than $106,000. the reputed worth of
his father, when he arrives at Mil
waukee.
during the same year extends only
to 30,000. The difference, 50,000,
represents the approximate number
of bull valves not registered. Pre
sumably most of them were either
vealed or fattened as steers.
The Jersey breed in 19188 register
ed 30,000 cows and about 12,000 bulls
—a loss of 18,000 pure-bred sires,
many of which might be more profit
ably employed in the work of im
proving scrub herds.
Guernsey and Ayrshire totals are
less, but the percentage of loss is
heavy there also.
In the face of this waste it is esti
mated that five grade or scrub bulls
are in use for every pure-bred bull.
According to experts of the United
States departmant of agriculture the
replacement of scrub and grade bulls
with good pure breds would quickly
and materially raise the average pro
duction of dairy herds. One. of the
reasons for the surprising situation
outlined is probably an under-devel
oped system of distribution.
of corn meal, bran and middlings and
a scratch mixture of wheat, oats, and
corn. This is a greater variety of
grain than is used by many farmers.
Jn addition the birds had absolutely
free range on land where bugs, green
feed, and worms were plentiful. Oth
er pens were given the same ration,
with one pound of commercial meat
scrap added to every four pounds of
mash.
The pullets without the meat scrap
laid only 990 eggs apiece (which is
more eggs per hen than the average
farm flock lays), while those receiv
ing meat scrap averaged from 125
to 150 eggs apiece.
Meat scrap is not produced on most
farms, and has to be bought at a
higher price than grain. It produces
eggs, though, several cents a dozen
cheaper than where no meat scrap is
used. Milk products or fish give as
good results as meat in increasing
egg production.
efficiently than heretofore and at
lower cost. The over-all dimensions*
of the machine are twenty-four by
fifteen feet, and with from ten to
fifteen packers working at one time,
each machine permits a run of from
two to three carloads of peaches a
day. The device can be operated by
an electric motor of less than one
horsepower capacity, or by a small
gas engine, and can be run at half
capacity, if desired. According to
estimates of the designers, the ma
chine should sell commercially at
not more than $450.
It is thought that, in addition to
sizing peaches the machine has pos
sibilities for grading fruits such as
apples, pears and oranges. The de
vice now is being tested for grading
sweet potatoes.
385, extremely tiresome and uninter
esting, because it does not connect
with anything that the boy knows in
his everyday life.
Making Dead Figures Dive
But if multiplication means 4
pounds of cream from the boy’s own
cow multiplied by 40 cents at the
creamery door, or if percentage
means the portion of the milk that
can be sold as cream, then arithmetic
becomes related to life, because it
deals with the things that the boy
touches and is interested in. It is
possible to base the whole of the
boy’s arithmetic on his work with
the cow. He would keep track of all
the feed she consumes, the cost of
the feed, and later onthe neutrition
ratios from time to time. He would
keep track of the milk produced, the
fat it contains, how much butter it
would make, and what it would be
worth at varying prices for differ
ent grades of butter. Somewhere
along the line he would figure the
cost of raising a calf and balance it
against the price the calf would
bring. He would learn arithmetic,
get a basis of business, and be
come a practical dairyman and cat
tle husbandman, all by the one proc
ess—a process, too, that would keep
him interested and happy.
Think the Idea Over
Not every boy, of course, is in
position to do a thing like that.
The biggest limiting factor, it is
realized, is the school-teacher. There
are a great many teachers of rural
schools who could not teach dairy
arithmetic; and there are a great
many others who could teach it if
they had time, but are so busy that
they, could not give it the necessary
attention. But. all, over the country,
there are neighborhoods where the
scheme would work, and in practical
ly every neighborhood there are
some boys who could just as well
manage a. cow as grow a calf for a
year and then sell it.
The department does not expect
that the thing will become general
all at once, but suggests it as a
matter to be thought over bv boys,
parents, teachers, progressive bank
ers, and others. And the thinking
along this line need not be confined
to hoys, either. There are probably
nearly as many girls as there are
boys who could very well under
take tiie management of a cow.
The newly-arrived youngster
comes of sturdy stock. During an
illustrious and industrious lifetime
his mother has established a world’s
milk recorfj for one to seven years,
and the world’s butter record for two
to seven years. In seven years she
produced 180,460 pounds of milk and
7,077 puonds of butter.
The mother and sen will be at
home to visitors at the A. W. Mor
ris & Co.’s ranch every afternoon
from 2 to 5.
How to Make Sure
That Eggs Are Fresh
When supplying a fancy trade
with eggs, or on receiving eggs from
outside sources, it is often desirable
to determine their freshness. The
method generally usM by commis
sion merchants for this purpose is
known as “candling,” and consists
in holding the egg between the eye
and a light so as to note the con
tents. This should be done in a dark
ened room, using one of the egg
testers on the market or simple
home-made tester.
The air space in a perfectly fresh
egg is very small, and as the egg
loses part of its contents by evapo
ration this air space increases in size
with the age of the egg. Fresh eggs
should appear clear and bright, show
ing no dark spots. Those accustomed
to “candling” soon learn to detect
stale eggs with a good degree of ac
curacy and rapidity.
Another method employed by some
who have not a great number to test
is to put the eggs in a basin of
water. If good they will lie on their
sides; if .bad they will stand on
the small ends. The older the egg the
more upright it stands, and if very
old it will be suspended in the
water or even float on the surface.
Care Young Chickens
Should Have in Brooders
When chickens are first put into a
brooder they should be confined un
der or around the hover by placing
a board or wire frame a few inches
outside (this would not apply to the
small outdoor colony brooders). The
fence or guard should be moved grad
ually farther away from the hover
and discarded entirely when the
chickens are three or four days old,
or when they have learned to return
to the source of heat, poultry spe
cialists in the United States depart
ment of agriculture say.
Young chickens should be closely
watched to see that they do not hud
dle together or get chilled. They
should be allowed to run on the
ground whenever the weather is fa
vorable, as they do much better than
when kept continuously on cement
or board floors. Weak chickens should
usually be killed as soon as noticed,
as they rarely make good stock,
while they may become carriers of
disease. Brooders should be disin
fected at least once a year, and
more frequently if the chickens
brooded in them have had any dis
ease.
Trousers Going Up
Knees
PARIS. France. —Andre de Fou
quieres, long recognized as the king
of Paris society, appeared the other
day in the shortest pair of pants
ever seen on a grown-up.
They fell three inches below the
knees, with nice double creases,
showing “perfect*” silk calves,’ and
incidentally revealing that the
wearer is among the men who have
recently insisted upon buying wom
en’s silk stockings.
M. de Fouquieres’ example is taken
as a prelude to a general movement
for shortening trousers, a movement
aided by the shortage of cloth. It
will be no surprise if ultimately
Frenchmen will wear them about the
same length of women’s skirts, just
to the knees.
Iron Bolt in Nose
For Many Years
Dr. Irving Wilson Voorhees had re
cently, in the West Side dispensary,
New York, to attend a man of thirty
four for serious trouble in his nose.
The surgeon discovered far up the
right nostril an iron bolt two and
one-eighth inches long, half an inch
Wide and weighing more than an
ounce. This had been there for
seventeen years, it having been
driven in by the explosion of a gun
he was trying to make. The man had
never been able to find that bolt,
but, strangely enough, had never
looked for it in his nose and never
suspected its presence.
Lone Baby Travels Many
Miles. Lande ' <re at Last
HAYDEN, Colo.—After traveling
approximately 7,000 miles alone, 3-
year-old Sbirb Chakirido arrived here
from Vladivostok and is safely in
his mother’s arms, while the lad’s
stepfather, Louis Charos, ex-sol
dier, is tilling the soil on a 320-
acre plot upon which the little fam
ily of three expect to spend their
remaining days.
Two years ago Mrs. Chakirido
and her husband kept a restaurant
in a Siberian town. Then came the
uprisings and turmoil incident to
the “Red terror” that has spelled
finis for so many happy homes. One
day the Bolshevists entered the lit
tle restaurant* and killed Mrs
Chakirido’s husband. By a miracle
the wife and baby escaped to her
horn* near the town of Chita.
When the American Army forces
entered Siberia Louis Charos, a
member of Company H, 175th in
fantry, met the pretty widow, anil
they were married. Mrs. Charos re
turned to America with her soldier
husband upon the evacuation of Si
beria by Uncle Sam’s men, but was
obliged to leave he’’ little on be
hind.
After months of frenzied search
and through the aid of the Ameri
can Red Cross ,the Charos were able
to get in touch with the boy, and
little Sbiro was started upon the
long journey that has ended in the
happy reunion with his mother.
Notice the candler has places for
the good eggs as well as for checks
(cracked eggs), dirty eggs and “rots.”
When selling eggs insist that they
be bought on a quality basis.
HOW TO MARKET W OODLAND
PRODUCTS CO-OPERATIVELY
Marketing of
Woodland Products
Farmers’ co-operative organiza
tions for the marketing of farm
produce have increased in number
rapidly in recent years. Certain
kinds of produce are now com
monly marketed through associa
tions. Woodland products also
may be marketed in this manner
in fact, some co-operative shingle
mills are already in operation,
and box factories maintained for
the supplying of boxes to fruit
growers at cost might be'consid
ered co-operative enterprises.
Mach more might be done in this
line, the U. S. department of agri
culture says, if persons interested
would profit by what has been
done in the co-operative market
ing of other farm products.
By utilizing the by-products of
their business and handling them in
large quantities, many concerns
have added materially to their prof
its . X ,
There Is a valuable object lesson
in this to farmers in many parts of
the country who have not been mar
keting the products of their wood
lands. Most farmers have not real
ized that timbered areas can be made
to yield a regular “crop”—which
could be counted a profitable by
product, if not a principal product—•
nor do they appreciate the benefit
that would come through handling
the output of the woodland in such
large quantities as is possible
through co-operative effort. There
are more than 12,500 co-operative
purchasing and marketing organiza
tions among the farmers of the Unit
ed States, and forest service experts
in the United States department of
agriculture believe that the principle
on which these associations have suc
ceeded can be applied to handling
woodland products in many parts of
the country.
Size of Association’s Interests
A co-operative association of wood
land owners should represent a suf
ficient stand of timber to provide op
erations for a considerable term of
years, if not indefinitely. While it
might pay such an organization to
market 5,000.000 feet of lumber —the
product of perhaps 1,000 acres of
woodland such an organization
would be vastly more profitable if
its members were owners of 25,000,-
000 feet. In any case, the capital in
vested should be quite definitely lim
ited by the amount of lumber avail
able for manufacture.
The kind, of forest products to be
marketed will, of course, vary in dif
ferent sections, but in most cases
lumber will be the chief product.
For this reason an association should
employ a competent manager famil
iar with the lumber business and
one able to grade lumber. He should
familiarize himself with the wood
land resources of association mem-
Success of Garden May
Depend on Insect Control
From the time the seeds are plant
ed until the crop is harvested a
series of insect enemies and diseases
may appear that, unless they are
controlled, will destroy much of the
value of the garden. Garden and
truck crop specialists of the United
States department • of agriculture
have worked out a great many spe
cific means for destroying insects
or holding them in check. They
point out the fact, however, that pre
ventive measures' are best.
It is important to have the soil
deeply plowed or spaded and made
loose and light with plenty of well
dotted manure or compost and to
keep the ground cultivated so that
the surface will not become hard or
weedy. Use the best seed to be had
and sow it liberally to get a good
stand, but thin out the plants, as
overcrowded plants are in much
greater danger of becoming diseased
than those that receive plenty of
air and
Rotate drops if Possible
Farmers, have found that by ro
tating their crops they reduce the
injury from plant disease and insects
and also increase the fertility of the
soil. This principle applies to the
home garden, where, if possible, it
will be better to make a new plan
each year, placing each vegetable
where some other grew the year be
fore—peas on the old tomato ground,
beets and carrots after the corn,
etc. The details of this rotation
must vary in each case- according
to the climate, soil, and vegetables
grown and the diseases and insects
to be guarded against.
Avoid introducing insects and dis
eases on plants obtained for setting
out. Practice clean cultivation. Em
ploy fertilizers to stimulate plant
growth. Work on the principle that
a vigorous growing garden will pro
duce a crop in spite of injurious
insects and diseases.
Become familiar with the insects
and diseases known to occur in your
district on the crops you are grow
ing. Equip yourself in advance with
all necessary remedies and the means
of applying them. Remember that
the timely application of a remedy
acts as an insurance against loss.
Watch constantly for the first ap
pearance of a disease or insect. In
spect the garden at least every oth
er day. Determine what is causing
injury and apply the propeb treat
ment promptly. Use combination
treatments in case a complication of
troubles is present. Repeat treat
ments as often as necessary, keeping
in mind the influence of weather
conditions, as well as the life history
of the insect or fungus causing the
disease.
Neghborhood Should Co-operate
Use insecticides and fungicides in
the proper dilution to accomplish
the object without injuring the
plants. Standard remedies are best
Test others experimentally before
using them on a large scale.
Use the best sprayers. A thorough
application is necessary for the best
results. Adjust the sprayer so that
all parts of the plant that are ex
posed to the air will be covered.
Work for co-operation in the neigh
borhood. One badly infected or in
fested garden may be the source of
disease infection or insect infesta
tion for several near-by gardens.
Keep your own garden clean and it
will be an object lesson for careless
neighbors and will have a tendency
to help clean up the neighborhood.
This will make control easier ana
cheaper another year.
For garden insects there are sev
eral control methods that do not re
quire the use of insecticides, but too
much ipust not be expected from
them. Os these hand picking is use
ful for large, comparatively inactive
insects such as the potato beetle,
cutworms and other caterpillars, and
the squash bug. Another method is
jarring or beating insects from low
plants into large pans of water on
which a thin scum of kerosene is
floating. The water prevents the in
sects from escaping, and the kero
sene. being on the surface, kills the
insects with which it comes in con
tact. Collecting nets are valuable for
some pests, for example, the tar
nished plant bug. Brushing by differ
ent means is used to a considerable
extent and consists in beating or
brushing insects from the plants
with pine boughs or similar brush.
This method has proved of great
value in combating the pea aphis.
Covering with cloth i» of use as a
preventive for the strined cucumber
beetle when the cucumbers are ouite
small, and for root maggots. Trap
ping by different methods with old
boards is useful for squash bugs and
cutworms. Poisoned baits may be
placed under such traps. Plowing,
disking and harrowing all can r>e
done by hand and are of considerbalc
service.
Spraying Methods
To be successful, in the control of
insects and diseases, snraying must
be done promptly and thoroughly.
Spraying with Bordeaux mixture
should be done before rains rather
than after, provided the spray has
time to dry on the leaves. TVitervals
between spraving should depend on
the weather If it is ”.ninv or muggv.
with fogs or heavy dews. sprav fre
quently to keen the foliage protected
at all times. If dry, a longer time I
m’ ,v be allowed.
The Icle-'l spray Is a fine mist, and I
the ho<xt wo” 1 - ip w’’en the ’'l’lfl '
!s thoroughly and evenly covered I
THURSUAI, MAY ZS7, lOSU.
bers, and should kno’ the market- ;
ing situation with resD-yCt to lumber I
and related products *s this will be j
a factor in deciding /fhether existing
plants are suffici«3t for the associa
tion’s woodlant products, or if addi
tional equivalent such as auto trucks,
railroad siding# and machinery are
needed. It is highly desirable that
he have a working knowledge of for
estry, in order that he may direct
the cutting of timber in such away
that the stand will be perpetuated.
Use of Portable Sawmill
A specific illustration of the ad
vantage to be derived from co-opera
tive effort is found in the use of a
portable sawmill. If properly em
ployed it becomes an exceedingly
profitable investment for a group of
woodland owners, although an in
dividual could scarcely afford to buy
one. The mill can be moved from
one section to Another from year to
year until practically the entire
area has been cut over, after which,
if sufficient time has elapsed a sec
ond cutting can be started.
In such a cooperative organization
as suggested here all members would
have equal voting power and would
be owners of woodland. The pos
sessor of one share would have the
same voice in the handling of the
business as the owner of 10 shares.
The manager should be selected by
a board of directors, and should be
given large powers so that he can
make arrangements for manufac
ture, grading, and shipping of wood
land products.
It is not necessary to put a large
amount of money into a plart if the
association decides to arrange with
a local mill man to saw the lumber
for its members. In that event its
main function becomes the shipping
and sale of its product after the
manner of many fruit-shipping as
sociations which pool their fruit ac
cording to grade and variety and
prorate their receipts. On the other
hand, if a sawmill, turning plant, or
other wood-using machinery is to be
operated, considerable capital will be
required and the salary and expenses
of the manager and his co-workers
will have to be provided.
Permanent Benefits Secured
Not the least valuable result to be
expected from a co-operative forest
products association is the establish
ment of permanent local industries,
and prosperity resulting to the whole
community, in contrast to the ex
ploitation of forest by tempoiary in
dustries and imported labor. The
tendency has been to develop the
wcod-u.’-’ing industries entirely apart
from the community life. Forest re
sources have been exploited so ex
tensively that imported labor has
largely supplemented local labor.
One of the unfortunate results of
this policy has been to cause the
abandonment of farms in certain
communities, notably in New Eng
land and Pennsylvania.
Persons Interested in securing
more detailed information on this
subject should address the Forest
Service, United States department of
I agriculture.
with fine drops. Stop spraying be
fore the foliage is drenched.
The higher the pressure, the bet
ter the spray.
Clean all sprayers each time after
using.
For delicate foliage, spray after
this gets under shade. Hot sunlight
is dangerous with many sprays, such
as kerosene emulsion.
Get a copy—free by writing to
the United States department of
agriculture—of Farmers’ Bulletin
856, “Control of Diseases and Insect
Enemies of the Home Vegetable Gar
den." It discusses the whole subject
in detail—the various garden insects
and diseases, poisons and how to pre
pare and use them, spraying ma
chinery, and the like.
Half Million Catttle
Tested for T. B.
From time to time the Bureau r»f
Animal Industry publishes a "com
munique" showing conditions along
the wide battle front where the al
lied forces of federal and state au
thorities are fighting cattle tubercu
losis.
The latest report indicates that
since the beginning of the move
ment in 1917 the owners of 500,000
cattle have placed their herds under
supervision.
On April 10, 1920, 25,793 herds
.scattered thrqughout the United
States, with a total of 537,240 cat
tle, were under the co-operative sup
ervision of the department of agricul
ture and state veterinarians. There
were 2,230 accredited herds—6o,237
cattle known to be free from the
plague. Over 115,000 cattle were on
the waiting list to be tested as soon
as the veterinarians can work with
them. Still another lot of 258,331
cattle have passed through the first
stage of the test without showing
any dangerous symptoms. The least
optimistic estimate indicates that
two-thirds of this number will con
clude the test satisfactorily, and add
170,000 cattle to the accredited col
umn.
Drink Water When Tired
Dr. Eliza B. Mosher, of Brooklyn,
urged the members of the Women’s
Medical society, of New York state,
to drink a glass of water at 10 a. m.
and others at 3, 4 and 5 p. m. This,
she told them, would dilute the prod
ucts of fatigue which were entering
the blood and causing that tired
feeling.
Side dress your Cotton with
GERMAN POTASH
KAINIT
20 per cent MANURE SALT and
NITRATE OF SODA
100 pounds of Manure Salt go as far as 160
pounds of Kainit and have the same effect as
a plant food and plant disease preventive—
Neither one will injure your crop.
For prices write nearest Office of
Nitrate Agencies Company
New York Norfolk Savannah Jacksonville New Orleans Houston, Tex.
Stocks at other leading Atlantic and Gulf Ports
rV OTTAWA FNGINES
V L - —- 10 vraso-uic, insulate and Gas )
X. ■ Easy to start—easy to operate. Fewer parts to
nJjust. i.’sfs less fuel. I.owest price for highest quality
■ ' SjfPts,'-. enzine. Reliable, even power always at any minute.
•• . Each size 20% to 50% surplus power. Use cheap-
. ef* fuel without making any changes on engine.
Utmost durability. Very latest design. More
sizes to choose from—2, 3. 4,5, 6,7, 8,
, , o 9. 10, I’-’, 16 and 22 horse-power.
Let Uj ship you /.WfeYv, Stationary. Portable and
an engine to earn its Saw-Rig Styles.
own cost while you ay J&k From Factory,
tor it I make the pyiee low 90 Days’ Trial
—cash or easy terms. Thou-
gauds of shopmen mid farmers ‘MMm’
in every section of America prefer jw
the OTTAWA Engine hecutisc it delivers ? -tHWgRI i”
lowest vest no'.vef. GEO. E. LONG, Pres. v.vfc
Book Free gX.,%
it. Gives present prices ami 18-yenr guar- --‘r; t
inter. Write today. gjj 1
3Tfg. Co .C 34 Kins’ St., O wa, Kar.s. j|*
Vigorous Birds Are
The Best Breeders
Fowls for breeding purposes should
be strong, healthy, vigorous birds.
The comb, face, and wattles should
be of a bright-red color, eyes bright
and fairly prominent, head compara
tively broad and short and not long
or crow-shaped, legs set well apart
and straight, plumage clean and
s in o o th.
Eggs from “stolen” nests should
not be marketed; they are pf un
known age and quality and should
be used at home.
6,000 MILES
Guarars teed
Atgjßk//A Less than Half Price
\sew NO MONEY
Da?” \ I ISA I Here is the absolute limit In vr*
MLN; // VS 1 offers—never before such wOG-
I® derful values I Pay only wh’n
l« convinced. Used stand. r<*
I H makes rebuilt by our own e'X-
■K/v 11 ports to give 6,000
MSjX j H more, rw eompanr—: fr'-tti
fr. 19 double tread tires which see
I M sewed.
|k> W Lowest Prices
Jw Quick Delivery
IfipN? Sire Tires Tubes Size Tires Tubes
l\ /#/ 80x3 * 6.45?1.76 32x4)4 $12.2552.70
rSShs.WAr/ 30x3)4 7.25 1.95 33x4)4 12.50 2.85
82x3)4 8.75 2.15 34x4)4 12.90 8.00
Wj V >3lx4 9.45 2.25 35x4)4 13.25 3.15
32x4 9.90 2.40 36x4)4 13.90 8.40
83x4 11.25 2.50 35x5 14.90 3.50
-J&Ze' 84x4 11.90 2.60 37x5 16.90 8.75
V , Send your order today while we have
e big stock on hand and can ship same
day order is received. Send no money with order, just
your name and address and size tire desired, whether
clincher or straight side.
MITCHELL TIRE a RUBBER COMPANY
XIS E. 39th Street Dept. 16S Chicase
HOWTO RAISE
BABYCHICKS
Put Avicol in the drinking water.
Most people lose half of every hatch,
and seem to expect it. Chick cholera or
■white diarrhoea is the trouble. The U. S.
Government states that i over half the
chicks hatched die from this cause. .
An Avicol tablet,
y. placed in the drinking
< % X- Ta water, will positively
JJT save your little chicks
from all such diseases.
Inside of 48 hours tlfe
» sick ones will be as lively
V as crickets. Avicol keeps
them healthy and makes
them grow and develop.
Mrs. Vannle Thackery, R_ F. D. 3, St.
Paris, 0.. writes. ‘‘l had 90 chicks and
they all died but 32. Then I commenced
on Avicol and haven't lost any since.
They have grown wonderfully.”
It costs nothing to try Avicol. If you
don’t find that it prevents and promptly
cures white diarrhoea, chick cholera and
all bowel diseases of poultry,.tell us and
your money will l?e refunded by return
mail. Avicol is sold by most druggists
and poultry remedy dealers, or you can
send 25c or 50c today for a package t>v
mail postpaid. Burrell-Dugger Co., 12®
Columbia Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind.
stops chicks dying
Government Shoes
$2.90
We have purchased
direct from the Gov
eminent 20,000 pairs T'VxA’ - ! (
of GENUINE RUS-
SET ARMY SHOES,
which we are repair
ing with oak leather.
This is the Ideal WORK SHOE for the
farmer or stockman. Easily worth $12.00
wearing Value, Many of these shoes have
bebn iepaired in Government repair shopj.
Oifr' price $2.90. Send SI.OO, giving size
desired and we will s'hip the shoes, balance
on delivery. All sizes fram 5 to 11.
NOTE: Men’s sizes 5,5%. 6, 6)4 are Just
the shoes for the boy’s vacation. Special
price on these sizes $2.79.
Kingsley Tire & Shoe Shop
3850 Cottage Grove Ave,, Chicago, 111.
GUARANTEED
No Money
\ Positively greatest tire offer
\ ever made! Sensational value
SXWkr / sweepsawayall competition
I vwi ! l —6.o°° miles— or moro— from
I ia our special reconstruction proc-
1 Iwa 11 cgb aouble tread standard tires
1 ■ Jll —practically puncture proof.
|||;| Amazing Low Prices
INalc I (Size Tires Tubes Size Tires Tubes
1 128x3 $ 5.95 $1.60 34x4 $10.95 $2.86
VraS 19?0x3 6.25 1.70 38x4)4 11.15 2.95
rj&C 1130x3)4 6.95 1.95 34x4)4 11.45 B.F
1/M> £132x8)4 7.85 2.15 35x4)4 12.85 8.21
bWS 1H31X4 895 2.45 36x4)4 13.00 8.31
KW/ 1 H£32>:4 9.95 2.65 35x5 13.45 8.45
iV-risS 33 * 4 10 ,45 2.75 37x5 13.65 8.65
Reliner FREE
/ with each tire
vlprz \ 7Y/ Send your order today—sun
XMT i —whiletheae lowest prices last
y Statesize,also whetherstraighi
side or clincher. Remember,yoz
need send’no money, just your name and address,
and tire with free reliner, will be shipped same day.
MORTON TIRE & RUBBER CO.
3901 Michigan Ave., Dept. 358 Chicago. 111,
7