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32x3% non-skid 17.50 g ~~VJ
31x4 non skid 22.00 Ir”
32x4 non-skid 22.78
33x4 non-skid 23.75 I I
34x4 non-skid 24.75 VJ—J
34x4% non-skid 32.00 pfe—i
35x4% non-skid 33.75 , c=:l 1
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37x0 non-skid 41.00 Vi-—, I
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P. Ivy 84. Atlanta, Ga.
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30x3 .$0.50..51.60 34x4 .$ 8.75..52.60 I E
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31x3)4 . 6.75.. 1.85 35x4)4. 11.00., 3.15 E
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61=4 . 8.00.. 2.25 35x5 12.50. 3.50 DOC E
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TtlUi .1 JLIjZIA J. A '-1.1i7.-~SISKIjI JUUKNAL.
Avoid Waste of Man Labor
In Haymaking This Season
.The hay crop, even when the labor
supply is normal, causes more worry,
anxiety, and disappointment than
any other crop. The time for har
vesting is comparatively short. Oth
er crops require attention at the same
time. And the weather is to be reck
oned with. This year, when farm
labor all over the country is very
scarce, the difficulties of hay-making
will be much greater, and larger
quantities of hay will be lost than
usuhl —unless labor-saving methods
are more generally employed.
A great deal of labor is wasted
every year during hay harvest, say
specialists of the United "States De
partment of Agriculture, not because
of actual idleness on the part of the
workers, but because labor is ex
pended unnecessarily on operations
that do not utilize it to the best ad
vantage. If an old method can be
superseded by a new one that will
enable the same number of men to
accomplish more work in the same
length of time, or fewer men to ac
complish the same .work in the same
length of time, it will mean more hay
saved, more profit to tne farmer, and
a better condition for the country.
Shift Burden from Man to Horse
Although there is a scarcity of man
labor, there are still plenty of horses
on most farms, and herein largely
lies the solution of the problem. On
farms where considerable hay is
grown methods must be adopted by
which the greater part of the heavy
labor is done by horses. This will
necessitate the general use of certain
types of labor-saving machinery,
some of them not so common in the
east, which have been thoroughly
tested and proved satisfactory in the
western part of the United States.
The small hay grower, however, need
not make a very heavy investment in
new haying Apparatus, for by rear
ranging the working of his crew and
using a little more horse labor for
the hard work he dan add consider
ably to the efficiency of :is crew.
Here are some suggestions made
by the specialists for avoiding waste
of labor in haymaking.
Do not run two or more mowers
close together. If the front mower
has any trouble that causes it to
stop, all of the mowers usually wait
while repairs are made on one. There
is a tendency, also, for drivers to
waste too much time talking when
they stop occasionally to let the
teams rest. A good practice when
two or more machines are used is for
each driver to law off a “land” for
himself and work independently, so
there will be no interference from
other machines.
Side Delivery Rake is Best
Do not turn hay by hand. It is too
costly. The cheapest and most effi
cient way of stirring hay in the
windrow is with a two-horse tedder.
One man will do more work than 12
men stirring with hand forks. It is
not even necessary to have a man to
run the tedder. A boy big enough tn
drive a team will do just as much
work.
A one-horse rake operated by a
man maxes raking very costly. A
two-hofse sulky rake is better, but
the side-delivery rake is best. When
curing is done in the swath and a
hay loader is used, the crew can
start taking the hay from the wind
row as soon as the side delivery has
Farmers Learning Benefit
Os Co-operative Marketing
“See that bunch of horses over
yonder?” asked the farmer, indicat
ing six or seven animals which were
Impatiently crowding against a fence
in an' endeavor to nibble some corn
growing just beyond the reach of
their outstretched noses. “There’s a
marketing lesson in what those
horses are doing. If they only knew
it, a little pushing in unison would
lay that fence flat, but the trouble
is they don’t understand, and so they
won’t push together.”
Then, after a pause: “Human folks
are a good bit like those horses. A
lot of them don’t know how to push
—and pull- I —in unison. Think of the
unutilized power those animals have,
and think of the infinitely greater
power we intelligent humans have,
when we learn to co-operate. That’s
the word: Co-operation! A good
many farmers have learned |its big
advantages, but their number is still
small beside the millions who might
benefit from it.
“There is the Tillamook County
Creamery association, for example,”
continued the farmer. “That’s a won
derful organization which has set a
lot of people to thinking; and the
beauty of it is. their achievements
are getting bigger every year.”
Recent Figures From Tillamook
This farmer’s thoughts had ? been
turned toward co-operative marketing
by reading a recent report from Till
amook County Creamery association
in Oregon, composed of twenty-live
farmer factories which co-operate in
the sale of their products. The re
port of the secretary-manager for
1919 indicates that the total sales of
cheese from these tweniy-five fac
tories amounted to $1,954,039, with
additional receipts for whey cream
of $32,305 and for whey butter,
$2,506. With the estimated sales
from miscellaneous sources amount-*
ing to $18,635, the total for the year
was $2,007,475.
In the first year of its existence,
1909, this organization handled 32,-
000,000 pounds of milk and 2,500,000
pounds of cheese, and its sales to
taled $386,135, showing that the total
sales almost quadrupled in ten years.
The sales for the entire decade reach
ed the astonishing total of $8,612,000.
Thus far the production for 1920 is
running 23 per cent ahead of 1919,
Cold, Instead of Hot Lye, for
Making Hominy; a Few Hints
In making lye hominy, or hulled
corn, any variety of white or yel
low dent or flint corn may be used,
preference bejng usually given to
varieties having large or fairly large
kernels, as they are easier to hull
than the small-kerneled varieties.
Only clean, sound ears should be
used. New corn is bdter than old
corn for the purpose. In fact, hom
iny of the finest flavor can be made
from new corn that has just ripened
sufficiently so it can be shelled from
the 'cob.
Instead of boiling the corn in a
lye solution, as has been directed in
published recipes, the department of
agriculture* recommends treating the
com in a cold solution made as fol
lows:
Take five ounces of lye (also known
as sodium hydroxide, or catistio
soda), five quarts of corn, and six
quarts of water. Dissolve the lye
in the water and stir in the corn.
Let stand for about fifteen hours.
Then wash thoroughly to remove the
lye and the dissolved portions of the
kernels.
The lye can be removed more read
ily by rubbing the hominy in a cloth
bag, or alternating the rubbing and
washing. When thoroughly washed.
Deadliest Beasts Prove to Be Four-Flushers;
Science Makes Discovery in World’s Behalf
The announcement by the Universi
ty of Arizona, after long research,
that there never hs(s-been an authen
ticated case of death resulting from
the bite of a Gila monstef, leads Rob
ert H. Moulton to write in Popular
Mechanics:
“Trust a scientific shark to take
the thrill out of what has always
been mysterious and awe-inspiring
until science got to fooling with it.
For there are other things, also, it
appears—many others —which once
helped to add to the wildness and
woolliness of the west, but which
now, alas, are no more.
“For instance, a short time ago the
investigators found out, or at least
so it is said, that the hydrophobia
skunk’s bite is no more dangerous
than that of the common house or
Thomas cat. The axolotl. whose
deadliness the people *of the south
west once fondly cherAshed as one of
made one double windrow across the
field. If the sulky rake is used, the
crew will have to wait until the rake
has gone several times across the
field. In this matter the extent of
the haying operations has to be con
sidered, of course. 'On very small
farms the use of the side delivery
rake might not be economy.
If the weather is clear and the
hay is in proper condition, there will
be no necessity for hay-caps or for
further labor till the hay is thorough
ly cured and ready to be hauled. But
hay caps will pay for themselves in
one year when the weather is bad.
They are more especially needed with
clover, alfalfa, and pea vines, all of
which cure slowly.
If hay is to be bunched, the hand
method is too exjv.nsive. A two
horse sulky rake can bunch 30 acres
or more a day and a boy can drive it
just as well as a man. Even more
tabor can be saved, however, by using
the push rake to bunch hay after it
has been raked into the windrow. It
is a good plan to have two men
working together to round up the
•bunches, since more can be accom
plished than -when each works alone.
It is a waste of time to pitch hay
onto a small hayrack on a high
wheeled wagon. Use a large hayrack
on a low-wheeled wagon.
Loading hay with pitchforks is the
hardest, slowest and most expensive
way. The men are working constant
ly, but the horses are doing nothing
most of the time. If a loader is
used, the hardest part of the work
is done by the horses and the men
can handle about 30 per cent more
hay.
Save Labor on the Stack
The push rake furnishes the most
economical method of hauling hay
to the stack, barn, or hay press if
the distance is not much more than
one-fourth of a mile. One man, or a
boy, with a good push rake and a
team used to the work will handle
three times as much hay as two men
with a small rack on a high-wheeled
wagon.
Stacking hay with a ptßffi rake and
an overshot stacker mounted on
wheels eliminates nearly all of the
back-breaking work of the old pitch
fork method. With a yield of one to
one and a half tons to she acre, two
men on the stack can easily handle
all the hay brought by three push
rakes, accomplishing a vast saving
in labor and hay over the pitchfork
method. Another method not so good
but still vastly better than the
pitchford method is a stacker equip
ment with a double harpoon fork.
The outfit can be made at home and
will cost very little compared with
the labor it saves, but harder work
Is necessary to get the hay on the
stack with the overshot stacker.
When hay is to be baled from the
field, one man by working in the
afternoon, can round up enough hay
which has been bunched by push
rakes to keep the press going next
morning until the dew is gone from
the hay in the windrow. When the
hay is not thus rounded up the crew
will lose two hours or more on morn
ings when there is a heavy dew.
Carelessness in setting the press
may result in loss of labor. When
the press is properly set two men
can get plenty of hay to it from
the. stack.
land 1919 was 20 per cent over 1918
Four factors have played an es
sential part in making this co-opera
tive achievement possible, and they
apply very- generally to co-operative
marketing of farm products. First,
the farmers were brought to clearly
recognize the need for united effort
in solving their marketing difficul
ties. Second, there whs available in
their community a volume of busi
ness sufficient to make co-operation
worth while. Third, given these two
conditions, the farmers met the need
by adopting and enforcing standards
fur their dairy products. This has
improved the quality of thg output,
and has produced uniformity, thus
making possible the effective use of
a brand and of advertising on a
large scale. Fourth, the association
has employed efficient sales meth
ods.
Standardization Essential
The difficulty of pooling the out
put of several cheese factories in Til
lamook county lay in the absence of
standardization. In consequence, the
association engaged an inspector and
placed him in general supervision
over the cheese making of the mem
ber factories. From the start this
inspector has made regular visits to
each plant, giving suggestions and
assistance where needed. The money
spent in his salary has repaid the
association many times over.
The cheese is inspected, and if
found to conform to the standard set
up by the association, is sold under
the organization’s brand. This brand
has become known in nearly every
market on the Pacific coast, and the
reputation which has been built up
for this association’s cheese gives
that body a decided advantage in the
markets.
In many other lines the co-opera
tive principle has been tried out with
pronounced success, notably in fruit
and vegetable marketing associa
tions,- grain elevator companies, and
co-operative creameries. Farmers
have also proved the value of co-op
erative purchasing. Any one inter
ested in co-operative marketing or
purchasing should write for informa
tion to the bureau of markets. United
States department of agriculture.
Washington, D. C.. whose exnerts
have made a careful study of the
subject.
the hull and black tip are off and
the kernel has a clean appearance.
As the lye solution is not heated,
it does not penetrate the kernel to
any extent and is practically all re
moved in the washing. This hominy,
cooked In one or two changes of
water, is quite free from the lye
taste. If more hominy is made at
one time than is wanted for one cook
ing, the rest can be dried and kept
for future use.
To remove the slight discoloration
of the kernels caused by the lye
treatment, soak the hominy over
night in water to which a few table
spoons of salt have been added. Pour
this off, and cook the hominy in one
or two changes of water, changing
the water as it reaches the boiling
point and washing the hominy be
fore putting on fresh water. After
this washing, add a scaht tablespoon
of salt for each quart of hominy,
cover with water, and put on to boil.
The hominy should be kept covered
with water while cooking. Boil for
three or four hours, or until it is
thoroughly cooked. To avoid crush
ing the kernels, it should not be
stirred while cooking. When prop
erly cooked, each grain is soft and
tender and retains its distinct form.
The hominy increases in bulk three
or four times in cooking.
their most popular and well-known
dangers, was eaten up in large num
bers by the fish when trout were
planted in a lake in the Pecos coun
try.
“Whereas it was once proudly told
the effect that the tarantula could
jump fifty feet and bite while he was
still jumping, throwing the victim at
once into fatal spasms, they are now
assured that he can only crawl at a
snail’s pace and that ail one gets
from his il’ow'rrs is a severe head
ache.
“The horny toad's peaceful and af
fectionate disposition and lack of of
fensive potentialities have become so
well known that the southwesterners
•can lie about him no more; the scor
pion is becoming a harmless joke,
and it is declared that youngsters of
that locality do not hesitate to hitch
them to paper wagons and drive them
about.”
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
BY DR. ANDREW M. SOULE
Managing Bright Leaf Tobacco
Tobacco, like all other valuable
farm crops is readily attacked by va
rious diseases which, if left uncheck
ed, will quickly destroy it. In addi
tion to fighting diseases care must
be exercised as to topping and suck
ering at the right time. Neglect of
any of these matters will prove a
fatal mistake and will certainly re
sult in great loss to the individual
growers concerned. Few crops re
quire the exercise of greater skill in
harvesting than tobacco. Hence, data
accumulated to show the nature and
character of the diseases attacking
tobacco and the best methods of con
trolling the same is of paramount
importance to all who are engaged at
this time in the cultivation of this
crop. In addition to the foregoing,
this article contains all the available
summarized information on topping,
suckering and harvesting. The facts
presented are based on information
Collected through the agency of field
representatives of the Georgia State
College of Agriculture.
It is common to see spots of vary
ing size in tobacco fields where the
plants make little or no growth, al
though other crops may grojw well on
these spots. These unproductive
spots show up from year to year and
may increase in size. Liming or fer
tilizing the soil has no effect. The
roots of the plants affected usually
make very little growth and are yel
lowish in color instead of normal
white. No effective remedy has been
discovered for this disease.
Nematode or root-knot is Caused
by minute eelworms or nematodes
which bore into the roots. These lit
tle worms, which are scarcely visible
'to the naked eye, cause the roots to
develop galls or swellings, which
vary in size but may become very
large. The growth of the plants is
checked and when the disease is very
bad the leaves may turn yellow. This
disease can be controlled to a very
large degree by crop rotation. Crops
like tomatoes, watermelons, canta
loupes, cabbage and all varieties of
cowpeas except the iron and Brab
ham are subject to injury from nema
tode. It is not advisable to follow
these crops with tobacco. Ordinarily,
tobacco should not be grown oftener
than once in three or four years on
infested land. Liberal use of min
eral fertilizers, especially potash,
will reduce injury from nematode but
cannot be depended on to control the
disease.
The chief indication of mosaic or
calico is a mottling of the leaf, por
tions us which are of lighter green
color than (he remainder of the leaf.
In Severe cases of the disease the
leaves may be twisted or othrwis
deformed. Mosaic disease may lower
the yield and quality sometimes, but
it seldom does serious damage. No
satisfactory method of control is.
known.
A number of names have been ap
plied to leaf spot diseases, among
which are “blight,” “fire,” “firing,“
“wildfire,” “brown rust,” “speck,”
“frog-eye,” etc. These troubles are
supposed to be due to germs that
cannot seriously attack the leaf ex
cept under certain conditions. Fer
tility of the soil, fertilizers used anl
weather conditions are some of the
factors concerned in bringing about
outbreaks of these diseases. The
disease may attack the plant at any
stage of growth but the leaf is not
usually seriously attacked until al
most mature. Leaf spot is rarely
ever serious except as results of wet
■weather. An over abundance of am
monia in the soil or fertilizer is like
ly to increase injury from the dis
eases. The only control measures
known are liberal applications of pot
ash. avoidance of. too much ammo
nia in the soil or in the fertilizer,
and making sure that the tobacco is
not topped too low.
Tobacco wilt (Granville wilt) is
caused by a small bacterium or germ
which also causes a destructive rot
of Irish potatoes and tomatoes. The
germ enters the plant through the
roots and multiplies so rapidly that
the vessels that carry the sap
through the plant become so plug
ged that the leaves droop and in
time die. The woody portion of the
.stalk has a yellowish to black streak
■when the bark is peeled off. This
disease is very destructive in sections
of North Carolina, especially in Gran
ville county, and also in some sec
tions in the cigar district in Florida.
The writer has seen no evidence of
this disease in Georgia. However, -|f
evidence of the disease is found it
should be reported at once.
The disease varies a great deal
from year to year, according to
weather conditions. Once the soil has
become infested, it is almost impos-'
sible to get rid of it. Fertilizers
seem to have nothing to do with the
occurrence of the disease. No rem
edy has been found that is entirely
satisfactory. By a systematic rota
tion in resting the. land, wilt can be
controlled to a very great extent.
Tobacco should not be grown on
infested fields oftener than once in
spur years. Also crops like tomatoes
and Irish potatoes should not be
grown on infested land as these
crops furnish food for the wilt germs.
The object is to starve the germ by
keeping the land free from plants on
which it may feed. Under no con
dition should two crops of tobacco
be grown in succession on infested
land.
Frenching is often confused with
mosaic or calico, and the names of
these diseases are frequently inter
changed. Frenching is not a germ
or Infectious disease but is thought
to be due to an improper balance of
plant food, or an insufficient supply
of food. In severe cases the leaves
of the plant become so long and
narrow that they appear stringy or
ribbon-like and are extremely thick
and brittle. With milder forms of
the disease, the leaves are small and
narrow and stand erect.
The disease may appear at any
stage of development of the plant
and frequently occurs only in the
top of plants that are almost ma
ture. The disease is usually due to
unfavorable soil conditions. A fre
quent source of the trouble is poor
drainage. It is true also that de
ficiencies in the food supply of the
soil may cause this disease, since it
is apt to appear in low spots of the
field after a heavy rain.
The remedy for this disease is to
correct the soil conditions by thor
ough cultivation, thereby loosening
the soil about the plants. In a ma
jority of cases the disease will dis
appear after the tobacco has had a
thorough cultivation.
Tobacco under proper conditions
grows very rapidly and in about
eight or nine weeks after trans
planting begins to form seed heads.
These seed heads have to be broken
out. In topping the aim is to im
prove the quality of the leaves pro
duced and to aid the different plants
in maturing at the same time. No
regular rule can be given for top
ping. Experience is the only teach
er. If the plant is topped too high
the leaves will be small and thin,
therefore lacking in body. On the
other hand, if topped too low the to
bacco is sappy and likely to cure to
a dark color. In either case, the
quality is low and the tobocco does
not command a good price.
A good plan to follow is to begin
topping when a few plants have
bloomed. One will then have a bet
ter idea of how many leaves each
plant will mature well. As a rule,
tobacco should not be allowed to
bloom. S6me plants mature more
leaves than others. On ordinary land
with ordinary fertilization from
twelve to sixteen leaves may be left.
On richer or more highly fertilized
land more leaves should be'left to
mature. After topping has com
menced it should be continued un
til all the plants are topped. Small,
yellow and late plants should be
topped lower than the early and
more vigorous ones.
As soon as topping is begun suck
ers will form in the axils of the
leaves. These suckers must not be
allowed to develop for they will take
both the life and body from the
leaves. Suckers should not be al
lowed to grow over three inches
long. They should be removed once
each week as long as they appear.
Keep the suckers off.
About the tiffie the tobacco be
gins to bloom the bottom leaves of
the plants begin to turn yellow and
fipen. When two or three leaves on
most of, the plants are ripe harvest
ing and curing may commence. The
tobacco is harvested by cropping
or stripping the leaves as they be
gin to ripen. *
On some soils under certain con
ditions it is difficult to tell just
when to begin stripping. Usually the
bottom leaves, -or sand lugs as they
are commonly called, are the first
to turn green to a yellowish color.
The fuzzy, sticky feeling disappears
and the leaves begin to feel smooth
and velvety as compared with those
higher *p which are both fuzzy and
sticky. At the first gathering take
off two or three leaves at the bot
tom. The first priming and the
last do not bring as good prices as
the other primings. The tobacco
grower ..tries to have just as small
an amount of sand lugs and tips
as possible. Do not mix them with
the other gatherings. The field will
need to be gone over once a week un
til all of the leaves are removed.
Usually about four or five times in
all. Sometimes the seasons are such
that the tobacco ripens rapidly, in
which case it may be necessary to
crowd the harvest into four gather
ings to prevent loss by burning on
the stalk. Use good judgment in
gathering and do not gather green
tobacco that will stand over for an
other week without the ends of the
leaves burning. Remember that
green tobacco has no friends on the
market. The buyers do not want it
at ariy price. If the tobacco is over
ripe it will be lacking in quality and
will be dead and lifeless.
The first gathering of tobacco is
about the first of June, if the crop
is set the first part of April and
cultivated properly. However, dif
ference in weather conditions will
cause a few days variation. After
the first gathering it will be nec
essary to gather once a week un
less the weather has been very dry
for some time. If a good rain fol
lows a drought the tobacco may take
on new growth and make it neces
sary to delay fathering for ten days
or two weeks. Always look for the
green to yellowish color and the vel
vety feeling of the leaf. Burned,
trashy, or otherwise worthless leaves
should be left in the field. The cost
of labor is too high and time too
valuable to handle tobacco that is no
good. If good judgment is used in
harvesting very ittle grading will
be necessary.
The tobacco is usually carried to
the curing barn in backets or sleds.
The baskets used for carrying tobac
co from the field to the\barn are two
feet wide, three feet long and eigh
teen to twenty inches high. These
baskets may be made from white oak
splits and should be rigid enough
so that they may be stacked one
upon the other when full of tobacco.
A sled can be made in a few min
utes by any farmer. In Georgia,'in
most cases, an ordinary sled is used.
The sled should not be over 24inphes
wide to pass easily between the rows
of tobacco and six to eight feet long.
Ordinary crocus sacks may be used
for the sides and ends. The sleds
cannot be turnted around tin the
fields readily and should be so con
structed that the mule may be
hitched to either end.
Have the gatherers prime a few
rows on either side of the sled, crop
ping off about the same number of
leaves from the bottom of every
plant and putting them in the sled.
When the sled is full, send it to the
barn and have another mule and sled
take its place so that the croppers
may be kept busy.
At the barn there should be a sup
ply of sticks about 1 1-3 inches
square and just long enough (about
4 1-2 feet) to catch well on both
tier poles. This is important as a
stick filleld with tobacco may fall
on the k’ues and cause the barn to
burn. For this reason split sticks
are preferable as they never break
from the weight of the tobacco.
Common wrapping thread is used to
attach the leaves to the stick. Fast
en the string to one end of the stick
and then begin the wrapping by
bringing the string around two or
four leaves on one side of the stick
and then the same number of leaves
on the other side. Keep this up un
til the stick is full on both sides.
The end of the string is then tied to
the
keep the string on top of the stick
all the time. As fast as sticks are
Allied hang them up in the barn, fill
ing the top of the barn first. In
hanging the tobacco be careful not to
bruise it. The bruised spots will
cure dark and, therefore, injure the
quality.
Tobacco should be gotten into the
curing barn without excessive wilt
ing or long exposure to the sun and
wind. If the leaves are exposed to
the sun too long after they are gath
ered they will not cure properly'.
Handling' the Peanut Crop
J. J. L„ Albany, Ga., writes:
I wish some information on the
growing of peanuts. My lands
are mostly heavy refl lands, but
I have some light, sandy loam
with clay sdbsoil. I wish to know
if it will pay to fertilize the
peanuts and what shall I use? >
Peanuts should be fertilized on
all types of land with phosphoric
acid and potash. It is seldom nec
essary to use nitrogen as this
crop, being a legume, should be
able to secure what it needs of this
element from the air. The natural
deficiency of most land in phos
phoric acid makes the application
of this element especjallv desir
able. Potash is also us6d freely by
peanuts. Hence, it is a desirable
material, or element to use under
this crop. Its high price has mili
tated against its use in recent years,
but even now we think some of it can
probably be added to the soil with
good results. We suggest that you
apply, therefore, a minimum of
from two to three hundred pounds
of acid phosphate and from fifty
to one hundred pounds of kainit per
acre. You should also lime the land
on which you expect to grow pea
nuts. Apply not less than one
thousand pounds of ground raw
rock per acre. Put the lime on at
any time from this date forward,
but do not mix it with the fer
tilizer.
SELECTING COTTON SEED
M. C. P., Atlanta, Ga., writes:
I have been planting Wanamaker
cotton in Wilkes county and
making fair crops. The yield
has been as high as 42 per cent.
I am planting in Twiggs county
this year, where the rain and the
weevil completely destroyed the
crops last year. Would it be ad
visable to use this same seed
in Twiggs county or can you sug
gest an earlier variety? I can
get Bank Account for $3.50 and
Kings at $2.75. Do you think
this price is high?
According to our experience vari
ous strains of Cleveland Big 801 l
have proven to be as early maturing
varieties of cotton under Georgia
conditions as any other of the strains
that we have tested up to this time.
We do not believe that the Cleveland
Big 801 l strains will mature quite
as early as College No. 1. On the
other hand, we do not believe you
will find it possible to secure seed
of this latter variety at the present
time. The supply of it has natural
ly been somewhat limited because it
is relatively a new variety. We do
not recommend it for cultivation in
those sections where wilt disease
has proven troublesome. This would
also apply in the case of the Cleve
land types. Thdre are some sections
of south Georgia where wilt disease
is very troublesome. You can, no
doybt. ascertain whether it has in
fested the land you propose to plant
in Twiggs county. In the event that
it has, we would advise you to use
either Covington Toole. Petty’s Toole.
Council Toole or Dewis 63 as these
are the most resistant strains to
the wilt disease as well as among
the earliest maturing varieties.
Hence, they are well adapted for
growth under weevil conditions.
We do not think you will be able
to find standard varieties of cotton
at lower prices than those quoted
in your letter. Quite a number of
planters are cultivating some of all
of the strains mentioned. The
chances are that you can still obtain
good seed from some of those spe
cializing in the production of cot
ton seed.
Fertilir'ws in North Geor- |
ffia
W. C. C., Flowery Branch. Ga..
writes: I am using a 9-3-3 guano,
the nitrogen composed of half
! sulnhate of ammonia and half
tankage. How and when would
be the best time to apply this?
My land grows an average of
two-thirds bale per acre with 400
SATURDAY, MAY 29, 1920.
pounds of guano. Would it be |
better to put half in before
planting and the other half at
planting, or put it all in at one
time? J
Presumably, the boll weevil has
reached your county. There is no
telling what damage it may do this
summer. Planting is bound to be
late and this will favor weevil dam
age. On the other hand, we have had
quite an excessive fall of rain in re
cent months, and it may be that the
weather will be hot and dry later
on which will tend to minimize the
damage the weevil might otherwise
do. I arit disposed to think that na
ture will even up the account in the
long run. On the other hand, I be
lieve the weevil is likely to do con
siderable damage in north Georgia
this summer. That being the case,
I would advise the application of all
the fertilizer under 'the drill row at
the time of planting the cotton or
slightly before. The type of nitro
gen you are using will permit of this
practice with both safety and sat
isfaction.
Under weevil conditions, the idea
is* to develop the cotton plant as rap
idly as possible and by frequent cul
tivation and liberal fertilization force
it to an early development so a con
siderable number of bolls will be set
before weevil depredations begin in
earnest. When this can be accom
plished and the plant kept growing
throughout the season, the weevils
will live on the young and tender
squares in preference to the older
and harder bolls and so a part of
the crop set on can be matured. In
view of all the light before us rela
tive to this matter, therefore, we ad
vise the use of the fertilizer under
the drill row and at the time sug
gested. We presume you will with
any sort of good luck get your cot
ton planted between the 20th of
April and the Ist of May. We are
satisfied you will find a good strain
of the Big 801 l variety excellent to
use in your location.
Making Sugar From Cane
W. M. Writes: How can I j
make cabbage go to seed? How
do they make sughr out of cane
and the sugar beet? What will j
it cost for a small outfit, tb make
suar for home use?
There should be no difficulty in
inducing cabbage to produce seed
from early plantings of frost-proof
varieties. In a favorable season they
should make seed before fall. They
might not do this, however, under
cwtain circumstances. On the other
land, it is quite certain that early
fall-planted, frost-proof varieties
which head up in the, late fall or
early winter will produce seed the
following spring or early summer.
Cabbages, or course, are not grown
for seed in Georia to any apprecia
ble extent.
One could not make sugar from
sugar beets with a farm outfit. The
machinery and equipment required
for this purpose is- expensive and
complicated. Besides that, our cli
mate is not adapted to the produc
tion of beets running high in sugar.
On the other hand, we can grow
sugar cane or sorghum and make an
.excellent quality of syrup out of
either one. We do not think it would
be practicable to niake sugar, how
ever, from either of these crops with
the small outfit such as the farmer
could afford to purchase and use foi»
the purpose of making syrup. The
cooking of sugar to the point where it
will crystalize properly is a rather
complicated process and calls for ex
pert supervision and a considerable
amount of expensively controlled ap
paratus. Moreover ,the clarifying of
sugar is accomplished through the
use of centrifugal machinery which
one could hardly afford to purchase
,or install on a small farm. On the
other hand, a very excellent equip
ment for making syrup, say out of
the cane produced on from ten to
fifteen acres of land need not cost
more than 3600 to SI,OOO. When
one wishes only to make syrup from
an acre or more of land, an outfit
can be purchased at a cost probably
of S2OO.
This subject was considered of so
much importance that a bulletin has
been prepared and issued by the
United States department of agricul
ture on “Growing Sugar Cane, for
Sirup.” The number of this publi
cation is 1034. I sugest that you
drop a note to your congresman or
senator and ask him to furnish vou
with a copy of it. It gives all the
details you wish to secure relative to
the subject of your inquiry, and it
will constitute a valuable reference
paper in your farm library.
TREATING A CA>H OF DISTEM
PER
W. D.-8.. Mebane, N. C., writes:
My horse is four years old and
has distemper. He has stopped
eating and looks at his sides
and lays down nearly all the
time. He coughs and it seems
hard for him to get his breath.
What kind of medicine should I
give him?
Horses taken with distemper
should be separated immediately
from other animals. All utensils
which might have become infected
should be thoroughly cleaned and dis
infected. Ordinary cases call for
but little treatment. The diet should
Consist of warm bran masbes and
moistened hay. Provide plenty of
covering and protection from cold.
If there Is fever, give small quanti
ties of glauber salts three times
daily as a laxative. Quinine can be
used as a tonic. Bicarbonate of
soda or niter in dram doses every
few hours is also good. Steaming
the head with a vapor of warm wa
ter poured over a bucket of bran er
hay in which tar or belladonna leaves
have been nlaced will heln to re
duce the inflammation and the cough.
If the glands swell, apply flax seed
poultices.
Side dress your Cottoa with
GERMAN POTASH
KAINIT
20 per cent MANURE SALT and
NITRATE OF SODA
100 pounds of Manure Salt go as far as 160
pounds of Kainit and have the same effect as
a plant food and plant disease preventive—
Neither one will injure your crop.
For prices write nearest Office of
Nitrate Agencies Company
New York Norfolk Savannah Jacksonville New Orleans Houston, Tex.
Stocks at i other leading Atlantic and Gulf Ports
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In every section of America prefer 15
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Ottawa Mfg. Co., 634 King St., Ottawa. Kans. xbyl
-t" ' - -J
6,000 HILES
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s] Lowest Prices
(W / Quick Delivery
ayO’ t| /W Size Tires Tubes Size Tires Tubes
ML/Sfi SI 30x3 $ 6.45 $1.75 32x414 $12.25 $2.70
MxM 7.25 1.95
V’gW \Xr/ 82x3>£ 8.75 2.15 34x4« 12.90 3.00
V 731x4 9.45 2.25 35x414 13.25 3.15
WSL 32x4 9,90 2.40 36x4)4 13.90 3.40
33x4 11.25 2.50 35x5 14.90 3.50
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r Send your order today while we have
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day order is received. Send nomoney with order, just
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MITCHKLi
115 E. 39th Street Oept. 16S Chicago
I HOW TO RAISE
BABYCHICKS
Put Avicol in the drinking water.
Most people lose half of every hatca.
and seem to expect it. Chick cholera of
white diarrhoea Is the trouble. The U. 8.
Government states that < over half the>
chicks hatched die from this cause. •
An Avicol tablet,
- \ Placed in the drinking
% X -Aa water, will positively
save y° ur Mt**® chicks
F'SjS&rAgltfP from all such diseases.
w Inside of 48 hours trfe
| FT™ sick ones will be as lively
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them healthy and makes
them grow and develop.
Mrs, Vannle Thackery, R.. F. D. 3, St.
Paris, O„ writes. “I had 90 chicks and
they all died but 32. Then I commenced
on Avicol and haven’t lost any since.
, They have grown wonderfully."
It costs nothing to try Avicol. If you
: don’t find that it prevents and promptly
’ cures white diarrhoea, chick cholera and
! all bowel diseases of poultry,.tell us and
i your money will l>e refunded by return
mail. Avicol is sold by most druggists
; and poultry remedy dealers, or you can
I send 25c or 50c today for a package bv
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Columbia Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind.
dy mJ
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MORTON TIRE & RUBBER CO.
3602 Michigan Ave., Dept. 353 Chicago.HL
"8- .-.IL. Eds Mink and Muskrats
JbU Yr eP J S flin !n lar Se numbers, with the
5-7 "■.N«w. Folding, Galvanised
Steel Wire Not Catches
tketn like a fly-trap catches Illea. Made In all sizes.
Writs tor Price Uct. end Free Booklet on best bait ever
discovered tor at :ructing all kinds of fish. Agente wanted.
WALTOM SUPPLY CO. R-22. St.Looig.Mee.
R ? I A P° st cnrtl wHI put -von
■ i' on 10 something that will
W 0 $ 'St b/A turn your neighbor green
H tii env Y after seeing
L u you catch dead Loads of
fish in streams where he
has become disgusted try
ing to catch them the old-fashioned
way. It will tickle you to see it
soon get rid of terrapins and craw fish. No
catch house and musk rats, and you will
other tackle catches at all seasons like this.
EUREKA FISH TRAP CO., GRIFFIN. GA.
St 2 LACE CURTAINS given for
selling 8 boxes of Prof. Smith’s
Headache and Neuralgia Tab
leis at 25 cents a box. Cata
logue of other premiums sent
with goods. SMITH DRUG CO.. Dept. 87,
WoodhorO. Md.
Tha Atlanta Tri-Weekly
Journal one year, three times
every week, and The Progres
sive Farmer one year, once a
week, making a total of 208
papers a year. The regular
price is $2.50. Our price, if
ordered at once, is only $1.90.
Address The Tri-Weekly Jour
nal, Atlanta, Ga.
7