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Dept 77't Chicago, ILL
GENUINE
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THE ATLANTA TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL.
agricultural education
by DR. ANDREW M. SOULE
voin by the Score Card
x If one were to undertake to judge
in animal or an ear of corn for that
matter, how should he proceed? It
would first be necessary to establish
a standard of excellence. When this
was accomplished, one would then be
in position to compare the animal
or the ear of corn with the standard
set up and determine the nature and
e;.‘cnt of thfe defects observed. In
this way a sure judgment of the
•merits and qualities of the animal or
the article judged 5 could be ascer
tained. Unless this were done, the
conclusions reached would almost
certainly be erroneous. It is evident
that in a situation such as this a
standard, let us say a score card,
must be established and used. To
many, the idea of judging corn by a
given standard may not appeal very
strongly. The. subject is new to their
attention. Therefore, they are dis
posed to question its practicability
and usefulness. Score cards have,
however, been used so long for corn
that they are now only a novelty to
the unitiated. If we are to make
the progress which is desirable in
corn production, we must learn how
to determine and judge of the mer
its of different strains and different
ears with the highest degree of ac
curacy possible. This being true, a
standard for judging corn such as is
in general use is set forth in this
article. Every farmer is urged to
study it carefully and use it in the
selection of his seed.
Corn club boys are urged to se
lect ten good ears from their acre
and exhibit at their county fair or
contest in the fall. In selecting the
exhibits, the following points re
garding the ear should be kept in
mind:
1. From six to ten inches in
length. Have all' ears about the
same length.
2. With a circumference at noint
one-third of distance from butt to
t’p, three-fourths of length.
3. With cob having diameter
about one-half that of ear.
.4. With straight rows filled with
wedge-shaped kernels of the same
color, six to the inch.
5. With well-filled tips and butts.
The Score Card
1. Uniformity of exhibitlo
2. Shape of ear .... 10
3. Color of cobb 1°
4. Market condition •••• 10
5. Color of kernelh o
6. Tip of ears »
7. Butt of ears 5
8. Uniformity of kernels 10
9. Shape of kernels »
10. Proportion of corn on cob ... !•>
11. Space between kernels .. ... 10
12. Weight of grain - 1°
Total I°°
Standard Weight in Grain of Ears
According to Length
Ears 12 inches and over should
weigh •.’••’ °ia
Ears fXom 11 to 12 inches should
weigh °i Z .,
Ears from 10 to 11 inches should
weigh •• •• 1 4 - 0 o2 jr
Ea.s from 9 to 10 inches should
weierh •••••• ■••••• •••••• 13.0 oz.
Ears “from 8 to 9 inches should
weigh ~.••• ••••♦•• ...... 11.5 oz
Ears "from 7 to 8 inches should
weigh 9 5 oz -
Ears from 6 to 7 inches should
weigh 8.0 oz.
Rules For judging Exhibits of Corn
Uniformity of Exhibit. Ears simi
lar in size, shape, color, and inden
tation. For each ear deficient in
these respects, cut exhibit one
P °Shape of Ear. Usually cylindrical
but slowly tapering from butt to
tip. Cut each ear one point that,
fails in above points.
Color of Cob. Cobs should be red
in yellow corn and whit© in white
corn except those varieties of white
corn that have red cobs. Cut one
half point for cobs off in color.
Color of Kernels. For each ker
nel of red in yellow corn, cut one
half point and likewise for red or
yellow kernels In white arieties.
Market Conditions. Ripe, sound,
bright ears, firm and well matured
For each ear deficient in these re
spects, cut exhibit one point.
Butt of Ears. Rows should ex
tend.in regular order over butt. Cut
point for poorly filled butts
and one-fourth point for flat butts.
Kernel Uniformity. Kernels should
be uniform in shape, size, and color.,
Cut each ear one point for failing
in these points.
Kernel Shape. Wedge shape,'
straight edge, large germ. Cut eacn
ear one point failing in those points.
Space between Kernels. Furrows
between rows should be small. Cut
one-half point for space over one
sixteenth of an inch.
Proportion of Corn on Cob. Should
be 85 per cent in weight. For ev
ery per cent above 85, add one point,
and for every per cent below 85, cut
one point from the exhibit.
Weight of Grain. Get average
length of ears, use weight of grain
in above point. For each ounce be
low- number required by of giv
en length, cut one point, and for
each ounce above, add one point.
Home-Made Grain Ration for Horses
A correspondent writes:
have a mixture of wheat and
rye that I can sell for? 1.50 per
bushel. Will this mixture make
good feed for horses and will it
pay better to feed it or buy oats
at‘6o cents per bushel. The oats
will have to be hauled a distance
of 12 miles. The mixture if sold
would also have to be hauled the
same distance;
The price of wheat is such that
its use as feed for horses is gen
erally considered prohibitive. Dam
aged wheat may sometimes be fed
with economy, though of course,
mouldy wheat should not be fed to
horses. As a rule wheat should be
rolled, or the kernels crushed, and
then fed in only moderate amounts
to horses. If it'is mixed with bulky
concentrates, such as bran, chaffed
t cut forage, it will give the best
••esults. The use of wheat in con
iderable quantities will likely cause
ilgetstive troubles and eruptions of
the skin. We woulfi not recommend
»’heat, therefore, as a particularly
-aluable concentrate to use with
horses.
JRye has ben fed quite extensively
in foreign countries to work stock
The amount fed varies from two to
six pounds per day. The rye as a
rule is crushed and mixed with cut
straw. It is important to remember
that when rye is used a change to
this ration should be made gradual
ly, as it seems for some reason to
be productive of colic. Personally it
seems to us that under the circum
stances it would be better to buy the
oats and use them in place ot the
mixture of wheat and rye to which
you refer.
Hew to Utilize Black Strap
Molasses
A correspondent writes: I
would like some Information in
regard to feeding black strap
molasses. How much should be
fed and will any injury result
from feeding it?
As you doubtless know, there are
two kinds of molasses available for
use in feeding on our farms. The
beet sugar molasses is, of course,
found chiefly in the north and west.
The cane molasses is a product of
the south. Both beet and cane mo
lasses contain some protein but it
is of little nutritive value. In other
words, these foods are rather high
in carbonhydrates.
Beet molasses cannot be fed as
freely to animals as cane molasses
because it contains alkaline salts of
a purgative nature. Molasses from
the beet factories must, therefore
be fed in rather limited quantities
and to animals accustomed to its
use. The best method of feeding
either cane or beet molasses is to
dilute it with water and scatter it
over cut feed, which may be made
up of hay or straw or other mate
ria’s v-Mch the farmer may have on
hand. On large plantations and es
tates machines are sometimes used
in mixing molasses with the cut
ro ghage. In any event, the animal
\ouid be accustomed to this mate
rial by gradually increasing the
r.moupt fed per day. In Louisiana
•ilantation owners use molasses as a
food for their mules on quite an ex
tensive basis. As high as 9.5 pounds
a day may be fed with apparent sat
isfaction. It seems to have cor
rected rather than produced diges
tive troubles, and has added to the
value of roughage in adding to its
palatability and also because of the
fact that it combines with foods
duced in that section to advantage.;
For instance, cottonseed meal is very
high in piotein, and this is also more
or less true of leguminous hay.
Hence, in order to balance up ra
tions used in that section of the
south molasses can often be used to
advantage.
As a rule driving horses should
not receive more than 2.5 to 4 pounds
of molasses per 1,000 pounds live
weight. Dairy cows may be fed as
much as 3 to 4 pounds, while fatten
ing cattle may be fed as much as 5
to 9 pounds. Sheep may be fed 3 to
5 pounds and hogs as high as 5 to
10 pourids. It might be necessary
to change these figures in accordance
with the sizes of the animals and
the nature and character of supple
mental roughage used. We have fed
some molasses to various classes ot
stock with considerable success. 1
think the primary thing to consider
is the cost, which should be rela
tively low. and when the character
of feed with which the molasses is
to be combined.
heading Varieties of Soy E -ans
R. S. A., Milledgeville, Ga.,.
writes: We would liae to see the
soy bean grown more extensively
in our county. What variety
would you recommend? What do
you think of the Mammoth Yel
low?
We have grown a good many varie
ties of soy beans on our test" plats
here at the college. The Mammoth
Yellow is certainly a good strain and
undoubtedly has a wide adaptability
for cultivation throughout this and
adjoining states. It is a long season
variety, however, requiring about lt>4
days to mature seed, or at least rive
months from the time of planting to
harvest. It is a vigorous, upright
growing variety and should therefore
be planted in fairly wide rows. We
have found it to make a good yield.
The beans are yellow, as the J 11 ™
indicates. It has made fifteen bush
els and upward per acre in our test
plats. Under favorable conditions it
will do better than this. Vte have
known it to make thirty-five bushels
but of course this was under most
exceptional conditions. A yield ot
twenty or twenty-five bushels per
lore would be very gratifying indeed.
While we do not regard this as the
only variety by any means, it is a
standard sort and we be.ieve will
give about as good average returns
in Georgia as almost any strain we
CO The P V?rginla is another strain
which has done well with us, and the
Slack is a rival of the Mammoth
sr'T.s .S’r ¥£
k t t 11 . 1
haa’not •’
S' oMeet ot e‘?!y
maturing crops and of! gettin ear y
:rr. s n3 , '». <
had with this crop .up to date.
Suitable Feeds for the Erood
Eow
R H K.. Dawson, Ga.. writes:
I recently bought five registered
brood sows, weighing approx
mately 200 pounds each and wish
tS know the most economical
feed and the amount for each.
I have corn, velvet beans, pota
toes, Bermuda grass, and will
soon have rye and rape. Ta?k
age is not available in town, but
suppose I can order some.
In feeding brood sows you should
supply a ration that contains a con
siderable amount of mineral matter
arid some protein as well. It ls de
sirable that this be done not only
for the sake of the saws themselves
but for the young which they are
presumed to be carrying.
Situated as you are we would make
a mixture of equal parts of corn and
valvet beans ground together. Then
add to each 90' pounds of this say.
five, or better still, 10 pounds of
digester tankage. This material may
be fed in the form of a relatively
thin slop. If you can reduce it to
the condition indicated with skim
milk it will be a great advantage
Your sows might be allowed to eat
such potatoes as they will clean up,
and of course they should be allowed
to run over the Bermuda sod to take
exercise whenever they will. Let
them graze on the rye and rape as
they come along. They will furnish
desirable constituents toward the
maintenance ration and will help to
keep the bowels regulated and the
sows in good condition generally
They will not over-eat on these ma
terials, but of course you understand
they only represent constituents in
a maintenance ration. You should
feed the sows about as much grain
as they will eat up clean. This ..will
run up to several pounds a day
Over-feeding is of course to be
avoided. This is easily foretold if
the animals become too fat or heavy,
or too sluggish.
Encourage the sows to take a con
siderable amount of exercise. This
will not only insure their being in
better condition, but the young as
well. Remember that the supplying
of mineral matter in a box which
the sows can have access to at all
times is a matter to be kept in mind.
Handling and Management of the
Brood Sow
A. C. C., Hawkinsville, Ga.,
writes: I would like some In
formation In regard to caring
for brood sows, and raising the
pigs. I have fifty Duroc sows
and two males, but know very
little about caring for them. I
want to build modern pens and
houses for them. I have 60
acres of land and wish to know
what crops to grow” to maintain
them.
Brood sows need to be liberally
fed and well cared for. The better
treatment accorded them the' more
likely they are to farrow large lit
ters and raise two litters a year suc
cessfully. In order to make the larg
est profits from the handling and
management of hogs the sows
should be induced to farrow twice a
year whenevgr possible.
The most economical manner of
maintaining hogs in Georgia is
through the use of grazing crops.
These can be made available for the
greater part of the year In your
section of the state. As it will oft
en be necessary to graze hogs on the
land when the ground is wet it is
better to select sandy areas of soil
on which to establish grazing areas.
Almost any crop which can be grown
in Georgia can be utilized for graz
ing purposes at some season of the
year. The idea is to plant these
crops so they will come on in suc
cession. One should therefore start
in by establishing in the fall an
area of alfalfa, rye, oats and wheat.
In the spring rape should be sown
in drills 24 inches apart. This will
call for the use of about 5 pounds
of seed per acre. Then spring oats
may be seeded, together with suit
able areas of millet, early maturing
corn and early maturing varieties of
cowpeas and soy beans. Late ma
turing varieties of cowpeas and sov
beans and peanuts should be used
for the late fall grazing. Sweet po
tatoes can be used to some advant
age as well, and artichokes are es
pecially valuable for the late-fall
and early winter.
It will be necessary to use some
supplemental grain along with , most
of th-' g ating crops. Corn can be
used for this purpose to advantage,
or com and peanut meal in equal
parts will prove suitable. Shorts, of
course, may be used to replace corn
or peanut meal if this proves econo
mical or desirable.
Single colony houses should be
provided for brood sows, though of
course a barn in which a number of
sows can be housed can be con
structed quite economically. We are
erecting a cement house for our
selves similar to that in use in con
nection with our serum plant. This
bui’ding a hallwav through the
middle. The pens may be made
about 10 feet square, although Bxlo
feet will answer. There should be
an exercise lot accessible to each ,
pen. Naturally the floored pen [
should be kept well bedded, especial- I
ly during cold weather so as to pre- >
tent the sows from developing rheu-t
matism from sleeping on the cement |
floor. Supplemental foods may be
fed in the fo ,- m of thin slons. It is;
important that the hogs be kept in a
hedthj’ condition and free from dis
ease. Therefore, innoculation with
preventive serum is often desirnb’e.
FIGHTING THE RED SPIDER IN
COTTON
J. M. White. Oakman, Ga.,
writes: I have about three acres
of cotton that are infested with
the red spider. Is there anything
I can spray it with that will stop
it? Can a hand spray be used?
The red spider frequently does
considerable damage to cotton As a
rule it passes the winter season on
weeds or cultivated plants, notably
the violet. In the. spring it migrates
to the young cottbn.
One of the best ways of control
ling this pest is to destroy weeds
ahd trash in the vicinity of the cot
ton field. This insect does consid
erable damage throughout the south ;
In some seasons the loss attributed '
to its destructiveness has reached as •
much as $2,000,000. In fighting the I
red spider sprays may be used to I
some advantage. Violet beds should'
be sprayed during the winter or early :
spring. The spraying of cotton '
plants is also desirable, as well as;
pulverizing the surface of the ground, j
which renders migration from one
plan to another difficult.
Among the compounds which may
be found efficient in destroying the
red spider are the following: Dis
solve one pound of arsenate of soda
in twenty gallons of water. This
is a very effective spray, but as it
is a deadly poison, it must be han
dled with skill and care. Animals
must not be allowed free access to
poisoned plants, as they would prob
ably be killed if they ate cotton cov
ered with this spray.
Another good spray is one pound of
cyanide of potassium and two gal
lons of water. This is also a deadly
poison, and must be handled care
fully on that account.
Whenever a spray Is used it is im
portant to remember that two ap
plications must- be made seven or
eight weeks apart. The material
should be distributed very thorough
ly over the plants. On small farms
a portable barrel sprayer can be used
for the application of arsenate of
soda or other soluble poisons. Such
an outfit would not cost much.
If you do not spray your plants
and endeavor to control the spread
ot this pest it is likely to reach an
ever-increasing area of your cotton
field for several weeks to come and
quite effectively destroy the crop
thereon.
Data About Bur and Crimson
’ Clover
J. J. 8., Hawkinsville, Ga„
writes: Please give me what
information you can regarding
bur and crimson clover as to
the time for seeding,, culture,
fertilization, etc.
Bur clover is one of our most
desirable annual crops. It Is a rath
er difficult plant to start on most
of our lands. This no doubt ac
counts for the relatively small area.
of our soils devoted to this crop. ■
Bur clover also kjjls easily in the
winter, and it disappears if grazed
too hard in the spring at the time
the seed are forming. As a rule,
it passes through the winter suc
cessfully. It furnishes considerable
grazing at certain seasons of the
year. It matures seed in April and
diay anu mu- no,, .ae o.< „ •
grazed too heavily at that season. 1
Bur clover is relished by most
classes of stock, thougn horses and
cattle will not eat it at times. The'
great majority, however, soon learn!
to .relish it. The seeds of this plant |
do not germinate readily owing to |
the hard coat which covers them i
and the dryness of our autumn
months. Seeding may be done, there-:
fore, with advantage just as soon 1
as the crop is harvested. Frqm four
to six bushels of seed should be
used per acre. If planted in shal
low and narrow rows, however, less
seed will be needed. Covering the I
burs is a desirable practice when
this can be accomplished. When fall
seeding is practised, the burs are
best removed, which is accomplish
ed by very slight grinding in a
small feed mill. Clean seed, of
course, require Inoculation, while
others do not. When this crop is
planted in rows, the .use of stable
manure and acid phosphate will
prove beneficial. ;
Crimson clover may be planted
any time after October Ist in your i
section of Georgia. Use from
to twelve pounds of seed per acre.
It may be scattered over the ground
and harrowed in. Good preparation
is essential. Cultures may be used
where the clover has never been
grown before to advantage. They
can be obtained from any commer
cial concern handling them. When
seeding bur clover use two hundred
of ac J d P hos Phate and one
hundred pounds of kainit. Mix these
ingredients together and broadcast
over the land before the clover, is
seeued. Crimson clover may be com
bined with rye or any other win
vVrv If °V t early - !t makes a
very good Quality of Hay and »
desirable yield as well.
Permanent• Pastures f Or Hogs
1). G. W.» Tarrytown. Ga.
writes: What would' be
best thing to plant for grazing
hogs tnat will last for £ num
ber of years, and furnish graz
ing from February until June of
each year?
to say that there is no
hr? at y°u could plant for a pas
ture for hogs that would prove sat
isfactoiy through a series of years
lou will find Bermuda sod on which
Mhh? c * ove r has been planted val-
b i e ‘ , Y f ur ho^s will gather a good
deal of feed from an area of this
character, and It proves quite per
manent if you handle it properly
nn U hV 1 !, 3,1 ? 0 find alfalfa » good Cron
on which to graze hogs. They will
of couise, eventually destroy it. but
nuitf a a P robabl y keep them on it for
quite a long period of time provid*
ed you do not over-graze the land
and protect the crop at seasons of
the year when it is not in the best
condition. We have grazed alfalfa
for two years, and the land devoted
wo Cr 22> is still well covered.
r^? er tbin k can continue to
use this area for at least another
yea r- Alfalfa furnishes. as you
doubtless know, a good deal of graz
ing as it is available from early
spring until late fall in this section
of the state. It gives its best re
sults when planted on red land It
shows a decided preference for clav
soil. You could plant an arei of it
this fan if you have your land in
good shape and well supplied with
vegetable matter. You would need
to lime the soil with at least two
tons per acre and work it down to a
fine fallow free of weeds. Put on
the lime as Indicated and a few davs
later seed the alfnlfn, usinef twentv
pounds per acre. Western seed is
the best to use. It should be care
fully Inoculated. You should enrich
tt*e land on which this crop is seed
ed by using five hundred pounds of
a formula containing 4 per cent ni
trogen, 9 per cent phosnhoric acid
and 3 per cent potash. Top dressing
the land a little later on in the sea
son when a stahd is develoned with
well rotted yard manure will be ad
vantageous. Oats, rye, rane. millet,
sorghum, peas, corn peanuts, sweet
potatoes and corn and velvet
a”e the crons which should be plant
ed in the spring for the same pur
r>ose.
Self of HogS
Has Bjc*
AMFS Ta.—Some of the advantages
of self-feeding ho"-s on pasture are
set forth by John M. Evvard, of the
Tow> agricultural experiment station, I
in this way;
Hogs are marketed sooner, and thus
time and labor are saved.
The earlier markets, such as Oc
tober and November, are usually
higher than in December, January
and February.
Money is received more quickly,
which means that capital is .turned
in earlier.
Less feed ffiay be required to take
Railroad Gives Pointers on
Shipping Hogs in Hot Weather
To prevent losses to live stock,
particularly hogs, in transit during
hot weather, the live stock depart
ment of the Southern Railway sys
tem has issued the following sug
gestions to shippers with request
that they be followed as closely as
possible:
Haul or drive hogs to station in
ample time to allow them to be
come rested and cool before loading
When ordering a car for loading
hogs, insist upon a clean one bedded
with sand, clay or earth.
Wet thoroughly the bedding and
interior of car before loading.
Give only a small feed of grain be
fore shipping. Heavv feed means
more body heat generated.
Load not more than one hour be
fore the train is to depart.
Story of Mythical Liquor
Sells Worthless Maine Farm
BANGOR, Me.—Maine real estate
agents have discovered a new way to
! d’spose.of undesirable property. They
' simply drop a hint that a lot of real
i whisky is concealed somewhere about
i the place, and that usually settles it.
I On one of the roads leading out
:of Bangor is a rocky, abandoned
i farm—forty acres of land that no
; man would take as a gift. A small
i fortune has been expended in ad
i vertising this place for sale, but in
vain.
Then along came a broker with
ideas, and he sold the farm at a
.pretty good price. This broker ad
mitted that the place was ruh out,
Observer Finds Flaws
In Hale Peach Record
During 1920 Season
BY J, H. M’CLINTOCK
(Physiologist, Gedtgla Experiment
Station.)
While collecting data during the
present season in the commercial
peach orchards in several counties in
Georgia, opportunity was afforded to
observe the Hale peach and to com
pare it with the same variety grown
at the Georgia experiment station
and with other varieties ripening
about the same season. The grow
ers who favored the Hale as a com
mercial variety were judging it from
its growth on the heavier, rolling
soils where this variety appears to
grow better than it does in the more
level and lighter soils.
But even in the rolling lands the
Hale has this season shown some
traits which are against it from the
viewpoint of the commercial grower.
First it showed a tendency to ripen
irregularly, in some cases before and
in other cases after the Elberta. The
second and most serious objection
to this variety is the irregularity of
the fruit. On the same t ee, and
often side by side on the same limb,
at harvest time, may be found a
large marketable fruit and one or
more small green fruits which have
no market value. The Hale tree is
; not as vigorous a grower as some
of the other varieties, and apparently
some physiological disturbance oc
curs which allows some of the f. uits
to develop at the expense of the oth
ers. If there wene any regularity
to this it would not be so serious,
but in many cases there is only one
marketable fruit where there should
I be several: therefore this failure of
some fruits to develop does not serve
to thin, for the puipbse of improving
the remaining fruit.
The Hale peach is also susceptible
i to brown rot where it is not given
| the best of care in regard to spray
l m Taking all of these points into con-
I sideration it is a question whether or
not the Hale peach should be recorn
■ mended for extenslvS commercial
planting.
Com Stands First
Among Green Crops
For Making Silage
cSullT-ays
the United States department of ag
riculture. Much care, however, must
be taken to expel the air from such
• hollow-stemmed plants as the small
! cereal grains by cutting fine and
• packing firmly. Other crops, ot
I which legumes are examples, are de
’ ficit in the fermentable constituents
needed for palatable silage. On the
other hand, a few crops, such as
the saccharine sorghums, have so
much sugar that unless cut at a
more mature stage they have a ten
dency to produce sour silage.
In most parts of the United States
more food material can be obtained
from an acre of corn as silage than
from an acre of any other crop that
can be grown. Corn is more easily
harvested and put into the silo than
crops like rye. clover, cowpeas or
alfalfa, and when cut for silage the
maxmimum quantity of nutrients is
preserved. Experiments have shown
that corn, when siloed, lost 15.6 per
cent of the dry matter, against 23.8
per cent when cut for fodder and
cured in the field. Moreover, there
is less waste in feeding silage than
In feeding fodder, since good silage
properly fed is all consumed. When
corn Is cut for silage the land is
cleared and left ready for another
crop sooner than when the corn is
shocked or is husked from the stand
ing stalk. Corn can be put into the
silo at a cost not above that of shock
ing, husking, grinding and shred
ding.
Farmers’ Bulletin 578 on ’’The
Making and Feeding of Silage may
be had by addressing the United
States department of agriculture,
Washington. D. C.
Farmer Loses Profit
If He Sells His Pigs
And Then Buys Pork
There’s a profit in selling pigs and
buying pork—not for the farmer who
follows this practice. The farmer’s
most profitable course is to kill, cure
and can enough pork for his own
use and sell any additional amounts
which he can produce and for which
there is a demand. The practice of
home curing pork has suffered
through neglect, but Jt is now be
ing revived, according to the bureau
of animal industry and the states re
lations service. These two bureaus
of the United States department of
agriculture are co-operating to en
courage the general adoption of this
wholesome usage among farmers.'
Home-cured pork, scrapple. pork
pudding, sausage, canned pork, head
cheese and lard are among the foods
which the farmer should get from
his own cellar shelves and not from
the city market. All transportation
costs and commissions remain in his
pocket.B.
A bulletin, “Killing Hogs and Cur
ing Pork," now being revised by the
department of agriculture, will soon
be ready for issue. New methods and
improvements have been given space
in this discussion, and details of the
processes for canning fresh pork
have been added. Canning preserves
pork with fresh pork flavors and les
sens the toil and time incident to
some of the older ways of curing
the product Besides being rapid
and simple, the new process saves
pounds of pork for all periods of
the year which formerly had to be
eaten , soon after slaughter or be
wasted. |
the weaning pigs to a 225-pound I
weight. In tests at Ames actually i
less grain was used to accomplish j
this result; also less pasture.
i Some risks are avoided, in that 1
j the hogs reach heavy weights quickly <
and thus go to market early. Thus 1
| late fall cholera may be missed.
In the tests at Ames under Mr.
Evvard’s direction young hogs put
into the tests at forty pounds Juno
18 and self-fed on pastures were
ready for market at 225 pounds six
teen to forty-six days earlier than
, hogs that were hand-fed In the same
experiment.
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1920.
Load slowly and carefully. Avoid
' excitement and d® not beat or bruise
the animals.
Load not to exceed 14,000 lbs. fat
hogs and 16,000 lbs., stock hogs in
1 a standard 36-ft. car during warm
t weather.
Have water applied to the bedding
,in the car at available points im
: mediately after the train stops.
I Use ice on floor of whenever
possible, three blocks to a car.
I Report inattention or neglect
promptly to superintendent of divis
■ ion on which shipment originates.
1 Never throw water directly upon
hogs after they become heated. Run
■ it on floor of car under hogs in
stead.
and that the buildings were wrecks.
But he casually remarked:
“The man who owns this place is
in jail, serving a sentence for selling
rum. He won’t be out for a month
or two yet. They say that just be
fore the lid was banged on this fel
low bought a big stock of whisky,
but the sheriff never has been able to
find any of it. The stuff couldn't
been sold, for it didn’t arrive in
Bangor until about a week before
the lid went on. I guess there is
seme truth in the story that he cart
ed it out here about that time. Bet
ter have spent the price of that
liquor fixing up these buildings.
The farm was sold next day.
Smaller Pigs From
k Young Sows, Says
Illinois Bulletin
CHAMPAIGN, 11l. —A carefi
study of records relating to the birtl
of 720 litters of pigs at the Univer
sity of Illinois reveals many side
lights for- those interested in ho.-
raising. The 720 litters containe<
5,840 pigs of seven distinct breeds
The following conclusions arc
drawn:
On the whole, the belief that younj’
sows produce smaller pigs than di
older sows is substantiated. Like
wise, the data substantiates the pop
ular belief that up to acertain age
about 3 years, there is an increase
in the of litter as sows grow
older.
The older sows farrowed 12.3 per
cent of dead or immature pigs, as
compared to 8.1 per cent by the
younger sows.
The Season Doesn’t Count
It is doubtful whether there are
any variations in farrow attribu
table to the season at which pigs
are farrowed.
In succeeding litters from the
same sow there was an increase ii
number of pigs per litter and ii
the weight of individual pigs unti
the fourth litter, at which time th'
sows were 3 1-2 years old.
The records obtained from 549 lit
ters showed a wide range, 98 to 12
days, in the length of gestatio
period, with an average of 114.5
days. However, 93.6 per cent of th
litters were farrowed between th<
Ulth and 119th days, and 73.8 pei
cent between the 113th and 117 t.
days. The general belief that ol(
sows have a gestation period one t<
three days longer than younger sow:
appears to have no very gqod basis
No Effect on Sex
There was little, if any, correlatio
between the length of gestatic
period and the birth weight of pig
and the sex of pigs in relation to t
length of gestation shows no tende
cy for either sex to predomin"
more than normal.
The average size of litters was 8
pigs. The average weight of a 1'
ter was about twenty pounds. T1
average weight of pigs in litters wii
fewer pigs than the average was 2 6
pounds, and in litters with more pig
it was 2.47 pounds. The grand av
erage of all pigs was 2.5 pounds.
B. F. Davidson makes a .
record with. Yorkshire hogs
he uses a single brand of overalls
"F a s t- r i n £ prizes for every ■ ‘
I I year that he has raised the York-
-*■ shire breed. Today B. F. David-
son, of Menlo, la., is the best known
Yorkshire man in the country. T 4
For seventeen years he has worn
overalls. Today a steady user of
Blue Buckle OverAUs.
He has found there isn’t a test of farm |
work that Blue Buckle OverAUs do not \
meet. Like millions of other men every- V b
where who do big work, who make their k Uh' Pi >
farms pay, run the railroads —or work
in factories — he has found that Blue r
Buckles give solid satisfaction on every job. w
Try Blue Buckles for yourself. Test I
the long-wearing denim cloth, the wide /
double-stitched seams. Feel the comfort /
of the roomy Blue Buckle pattern. Blue ■' /
Buckle OverAUs and Coats never bind or ■ /
rip. Solid workmanship in every detail f
is bound to give you your J
money’s worth. f § »
All sizes Men’s, Youths’, 8 i \
Children’s. Ask your dealer I JL*-'Mk-
today for Blue Buckles. I '' ‘
“Blue Buckles are j V H-a I /
always solid —‘always \ | /
comfortable on every job I /
7do " \ /
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Blue Buehle OverAUs
Biggest selling overall in the world
© J. o. Co.
Cai Walked Tight Wire
COLUMBUS, Ind.—Tommy, a large
Maltese cat owned by Peter Rogers,
of East Columbus, became marooned
on top of a telephone pole w.'iich was
surrounded by the waters of Haw
creek, swollen by recent rains His
cries attracted a large crowd, but did
not bring relief. The owner of the
cat went to ther next pole, which the
water had not reached, and called to
the cat. The animal at last started
on the cable between the poles, and
after slipping several times, but hold
ing to the wire, descended to safety
vll, Fire, <
FliieS Proof. <
n grain fr >m Rats, <
. may how be saved <
n Crib—a Crib con- <
American Ingot Iron C
s» —and installed at ’j
s a life-time. ’ i
Perfect ventilating . >
oses. Made in four . I
w hours. Will pay . >
d satisfactory Corn J 1
> < [
$ < 1
al Co., <’
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RIFLES, REVOLVERS. FISHING
TACKLE AND SPORTING GOODS
Ikwmmi
F 313 w. Market. LOUISVILLE KY