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NEWS AND VIEWS FOR THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER v
Every Farm Should Have
A Small Home Orchard;
Dr. A. M. Soule Tell How
Have you a home orchard? If not,
iwhat do you expect to do about it?
|. Dietitians tell us that the acids
-and mineral salts whict fruits con
tain are essential to the welfare of
;the human body. These statements
apply to both the young and the old.
; Undoubtedly, if we would reduce
‘the amount of meat in our daily ra
tion and increase the consumption of
fruit, we would be healthier and bet
ter off in all respects; not because
•fruit would supply us with so much
cheaper food, but because we might
derive from it more easily digested
•and essential elements than we obtain
-from a heavier meat diet, and in ad
dition thereto, there would be much
ysss likelihood of toxic poisons de
veloping in the system.
The orchard should constitute an
important feature in associatoin
with every farm home. Statistics
show that the great majority of our
farmers do not possess a satisfac
tory orchard; hence, the family is
, beinp’ denied an essential part of the
dietary to which it is entitled.
The communitj r in general suffers
' on account or the lack of an adequate
. number of home orchards. Towns
cities can not be supplied with
• any surplus of fruits, and so we
-continue to consume thirty-five per
cent of meat in our daily diet; where
as, this quantity should be reduced
for health and efficiency’s sake to
fifteen per cent.
Orchard Not Costly
An orchard .is not difficult to es
tablish, nor should it be such a very
costly undertaking. Even in these
days of high prices from fifty to
seventy-five dollars will purchase a
sufficient number of trees to provide
the family with all the different va
rieties of fruit adapted to the par
ticular section of the state in which
ft resides.
If this orchard is given proper
,care and attention, there will be a
surplus for sale. This might very
appropriately be given to the chil
dren on the farm. Let the boys and
girls care for the home orchard and
be partners in the revenue obtained
therefrom. This will stimulate their
interest in horticulture; offer them
a reward for the time and effort de
voted to pruning, spraying and
caring for the trees, and tend to
mgke life in the open country more
attractive to them.
From any point of view, the farm
er can make no better investment
han in the establishment of an or
chard. The area selected should or
dinarily be about one acre in extent.
It should be relatively high and well
drained. The richer the land the
better.
The site selected should be free
from grass and stubble and the
ground should be turned this month
if possible. Planting should be done
as soon as the leaves fall. If the
land is thin, rye or rye and hairy
vetch may be planted on it as a
e.over crop and turned under in the
early spring.
- The young trees may need some
fertilizer in order to insure their
growing off vigorously, but not much
money need be expended in this di
rection when the orchard is first set
out. The orchard should be given
good, clean cultivation and an at
tempt should not be made to grow
very much in the way of intertilled
crops between the trees unless he
land is very rich.
Those who want to make a begin
ning in the home orchard will find
that if strawberries are set out this
month;, they will become well estab
lished before cold weather sets in,
and one may count on a light yield
the next spring. This crop will re
spond to the enrichment of the land
and to a heavy coating of yard ma
nure before it is plowed.
Things to Avoid
■ One reason why many of the or
chards have failed is because the
proper varieties were not selected,
nor were they set out at the right
time or the correct distance apart.
A failure to prune has also resulted
in many orchards proving unprofit
able, and the farmer who is not will
ing to spray or worm his trees can
not hope for his investment in the
-home orchard to prove a financial
success.
In Georgia we have three quite dis
tinct soil and climatic areas. Horti
culturists have given much consid
eration to determining the adapt
ability of various fruits to these
areas. So much work has been done,
along this line that safe recommen-’
Nations as to what ta select and plant
can now be made for the guidance of
he farmer. For the information of
nr readers these lists as prepared
d approved by the horticultural di
■iion of the State College of Agri
iture are printed below.
This constitutes expert and relia
e advice. It has taken a great deal
’ money and effort to gather this
together and collate it.
.Any one who is interested in es
. ablishing a home orchard in north,
middle or south Georgia should study
;these recommendations very carefuly
-and be governed largely thereby. Keep
these i’sts in a convenient place as
you will need to refer to them often
n the near future.
Expert Advice
Varieties suitable for a one-acre
home orchard in North Georgia;
- Ist row: 3 apple and 3 pear trees:
varieties: 2 Yellow Transparent and
2 Early Harvest apples; 1 Keiffer, 1
LeConte and 1 Seckel pear. Set 30
feet apart.
2d row: 7 apple trees. Varieties:
A Kinnard, 2 Rabun, 2 Yates, and 1
Stayman. Set 30 feet apart.
3d row: 7 apple trees. Varieties:
.2 Terry. 2 Yates, 2 Winter Queen and
1 Stayman. Set CO feet apart.
4th row: 12 peach trees. Varie
ties; 4 Carmen. 4 Mayflower, and 4
Greens.boro. Set IS feet apart.
sth row: 7 peach and 4 pecan
trees. Varieties: 4 White English
and 3 Hiley peaches; 4 Stewart pe
cans. Set poach trees 18 feet apart
and pecans 54 feet apart.
6th row: 12 peach t’-ees. Varie
ties: 6 Elberta and 6 Georgia Belle.
Set IS feet apart.
7th row: 4 plum, 4 cherry and 3
figs. Varieties: 2 Wiki Goose and
Abundance plums; 2 Blackheart and
2 Early Richmond cherries; 3 Celes
tial figs. Set 18 feet apart.
Bth row: 22 grapes. Varieties: 8
Concord. 7 Delaware and 7 Dia
mond. Set 10 feet Between rows and
8 1-2 feet in row.
9th row: 16 grapes. Varieties: 7
Niagara, set 10 by S 1-2 feet; 4
Scuppernong and 5 Thomas (musca
dines), set 10 bq 16 feet.
10tb row: 1S blackberries and 15
dewberries. Varieties: 9 Early Har
vest and 9 Erie blackberries, and 16
Lucretia dewberries.
11th and 12th rows: 500 strawber
ries. Varieties: Aroma. Klondyke.
Missionary and Lady Thompson. Set
5 feet between the rows and 18
inches in the row.
Varieties suitable for a one-acre
home orchard in middle Georgia:
-Ist row: 3 pfear and 4 apple trees.
Varieties: 1 Keiffer; 1 LeConte and
1 Seckel pears; 2 Yellow Transpar
ent, 1 Horse, and 1 Early Harvest
apples. Set 30 feet apart.
2nd row: 7 apple trees. Varieties:
1 Terry, 2 Wines&p and 3 Yates. Set
30 feet apart.
•--3rd row: 7 figs and 4 Japanese
.persimmons. Varieties: 4 Celestial
and 3 Brown Turkey figs; 2 Hya
kume and 2 Goshio persimmons. Set
18 feet apart.
4th row: 11 peaches. Varieties: 6
Mayflower and 5 Greensboro. Set 18
feet apart.
sth row: 7 peach and 4 pecan
trees. Varieties: 2 Stuart and 2
Schley pecans; 4 White English and
3 Hiley peaches. Beach trees set 18
feet apart and pecan trees 54 feet.
6th row: 11 peach trees. Varieties:
6 Carmen and 5 Hiley peaches. Set
.18 feet apart.
7th row: 11 peach trees. Verities:
5 Georgia Belle and 6 Elberta. Set
18 feet apart.
Bth row: 6 plum and 5 cherry
trees. Varieties: 3 Wild Goose and
3 Abundance plums: 2 Blackheart
and 3 Early Richmond cherries. Set
18 feet apart.
9th row: 22 grapes. Varieties: 7
THE ATLANTA TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL.
Niagara, set 10 by 8 1-2 feet; 4
scuppernong and 5 Thomas (musca
dine), set 10 by 16 feet.
11th row; I'B blackberries and 15
dewberries. Varieties: 9 Early Har
vest and 9 Erie blackberries; 15
Lucretia dewberries. Set 10 by 6
feet.
12th and 13th rows: 500 straw
berries. Varieties: Aroma, Lady
Thompson, Klondyke and Mission
ary.
Varieties suitable for a one-acre
home orchard in south Georgia.
Ist row: 3 pear and 4 apple trees.
Varieties: 1 Keiffer, 1 LeConte and
1 Seckel pears: 2 Horse and 2
Early Harvest apples. Set 30 feet
apart.
3rd row: 7 figs and 4 Japanese
persimmons. Varieties: 2 Celestial,
2 Lemon, 1 Green Ischie and 2
Brown Turkey figs; 2 Hyakume and
2 Goshio persimmons. Set 18 feet
apart.
4th row: 11 peach trees. Varieties:
6 Carmen and 5 Hiley peaches. Set
IS feet apart. )
sth row: 7 peach and 4 pecan
trees. Varieties: 4 White English and
3 Hiley peaches; 2 Stuart and 2
Schley pecans. Set peach trees 18
feet apart and pecans 54 feet.
6th row: 11 peach trees. Varieties:
6 Carmen and > Hiley. Set 18 feet
apart.
7th row: 11 peach trees. 5 Geor
gia Belle and 6 Elberta. Set 18 feet
apart.
Bth row: 4 Kumquats and 4 Sat
gumas, set 9 feet apart, 2 sweet and
1 purple seeded (Spanish Ruby)
pomegranite, set 18 feet apart: 2
Chinese quinces, set- 18 feet apart,
and 1 Abundance and 1 Wild Goose
plum, set IS feet apart.
9th row: 22 grapes. Varieties: 8
Concord, 7 Delaware and 7 Diamond.
Set 10 feet between rows and 8 1-2
feet apart in row.
10th row: 16 grapes. Varieties:
7 Niagara, set 10 by 8 1-2; 4 scup
pernong and 5 Thomas (muscadine),
set 10 by 16 feet.
11th row: 18 blackberries and 15
dewberries. Varieties: 9 Early Har
vest and 9 Erie blackberries; 15
Lucretia dewberries. Set 10 by 6
feet.
12th and 13th rows: 500 straw
berries. Varieties: Aroma, Lady
Thompson, Klondyke and Mission
ary.
Handling a Strawberry Bed in Au’’
» tumn
K. J., Byron, Ga., writes: I
wish to know what to do with my
strawberry bed. It is now cov
ered with grass. Should the
plants be taken up and reset?
They have been in this place
three years. Also, I would like
to know how to get rid of moles
and rats. They undermine my
garden apd eat the roots off the
vegetable*?.
If your strawberry bed is over
grown and matted with grass, it
would be well for you to take up
some of the young plants and set out
a new bed. This would be good time
of the year to do this work. The.
sooner you transfer the plants, the
better. Plant them out in rows about
th*ree feet apart and set one plant
every twelve inches in the drill. Only
young plants should be set out. A
strawberry bed should, as a rule, be
renewed every three years.
If you can enrich the bed with well
rotted yard manure, it will be a great
advantage. Top dresing the ground
and spading the manure in would be
good practice. Strawberries respond
to liberal fertilization. We would put
on commercial fertilizer only in the
spring of the,- year. It should be
put alongside the drill row and not
too close to the plants.
It is very difficult to destroy moles
in a garden. My own plan has been
to watch their burrows and go out
early in the morning when they are
likely to be at work, and kill them by 1
means of a fork. Traps can be used
to some advantage. One can pull
open the runways and fill them with
cotton which has been saturated in
carbon bisulphide. This material is
inflammable, so you must never use
it in association with light or when
smoking.
, Rats can best be destroyed by
cleaning up the trash in or about
your garden. They generally find
hiding places under refuse which
may be put in piles for the purpose
of causing it to decay as rapidly as
possible. A good dog will also help
some in this direction.
Probably the rats in question live
in outbuildings and feed on the ma
terials placed therein*. The best plan
is to clean these buildings out and
make them rat proof. The use of
vaccine and other materials has only
wroven fairly satisfactory, and where
they have a chance to get out and
roam about in gardens, would hardly
prove effective.
Seeding Hairy Vetch in Southwest
Georgia
J. B. G., Columbus, Ga., writes:
I desire to plan vetch and oats
together on sandy land. Should
rhe vetch be inoculated and can I
• secure the material from the col
lege? I also have seventy acres
which I wish to plant in Appier
oats. Should they be inoculated?
•In planting hairy vetch with oats
we have not, as a rule, inoculated
the seed. It has not seemed neces
sary to do this in many localities.
On land, however, where this crop
has not been grown previously, inoc
ulation may often prove to be desir
ab’e.
In your case, if you decide to inoc
ulate, you can purchase the material
needed from any large seed house.
Most of the cultures on the market
now are of good quality, hull direc
tions to follow in using this material
are sent with it. These should be
very carefully and accurately carried
out if one expects to gain material
benefit from the use of inoculating
material. The Georgia State College
of Agriculture does not manufacture
or handle inoculating material.
Oats do not belong to the legumin
ous family and inoculation would not
be worth while as no benefits could
come from the use of this material
in association with non-»leguminous
crops. We would, however, treat the
oats with formaldehyde so as to min
imize the damage which otherwise
might be done.
In using formaldehyde, proceed as
follows: Take one pound of forma
]in, wnich is the trade name for a 4.0
per cent solution of formal« eh y de,
and dilute with fifty gallons of water.
Spread the oats on the floor or on a
canvas and constantly shovel them
over while the mass is being sprayed,
or sprinkled, with the formalde
hyde. The surface of every grain
should be entirely covered with the
solution. ,
The oats should be left in a pnt
for two or three hours and then
spread out to dry. Each bushel of
grain requires the use of about one
gallon of the solution. Be careful to
see that the material used is of
standard strength and is promptly
and effectively applied. Otherwise,
its application may prove Ineflective.
Applying Limestone to Opening Clo
ver
A. B. C., Cornelia, Ga., writes:
I have just bought a car of
ground limestone. My young clo
ver is just coming up. Will it
hurt it to put on the lirrwrnow?
I want another car and am pay
ing $4.18 delivered. Is this too
much? Will the college tell me
about the quality if I send a sam
ple?
Ground limestqne may be applied
to land at almost any season of the
year. There is no objection to your
putting it on now. We think it ad
visable to wait until your clover has
attained some size so as to avoid
its being injured or damaged mate
rially by driving over it with a wag
on and team.
Yon can. of course, apply lime
stone by distributing it with shov
els from a wagon hed, through the
.agency of a manure spreader or a
lime drill It should not be put out
in piles on a clover field. Uniform
distribution over the ground is also
MAKING GAS FROM STRAW
IS U, S. CHEMIST’S JOB
HL w
i ■ W
III® • - ®
- •
WASHINGTON. —Straw gas is the latest. The bureau of chem
istry of the department of agriculture is making experiments at the
Arlington experiment station, near Washington, in its efforts to per
fect a method of making gas and even gasoline from straw. The
first process is baking the straw to get a carbon. Harry T. Roeths,
in charge of the experiments, is shown in the picture placing straw
in the oven.
desirable. Harrowing it into the soil
is not necessary though we always
advise this practice provided young
clover such as you describe is not al
ready growing on the land.
We presume you are paying about
the same for the crushed limestone
as it would cost you from any other
source. We have not made a test of
the material about which you in
quire, but presume it to be of good
grade. The company, no doubt, will
furnish you with a guaranteed analy
sis. I" the event you send a sample
to the college at Athens, I will be
glad to advise you as to the merits
of this particular grade of limestone.
It is generally considered advisable
to have an article that runs high in
carbonate of lime.
Seeding Crimson Clover in the South
W. T. P.., Eatonton, Ga., writes:
I wish some advice in regard to
planting crimson clover; also as
to inoculation and best soil for
same and amount of seed per
acre?
Crimson clover should be planted
In Georgia during this month. The
season is so dry now that it would
hardly pay to sow it even if you had
the ground in good condition. I
think it would be better to wait until
a good rain comes and until there is
plenty of moisture in the land to in
sure the rapid germination of the
seed.
The land intended for this crop
should be put in the best possible
condition before seeding is under
taken
It is desirable to lime it at the rate
of one ton per acre. Crushed raw
rock should prove very satisfactory
for this purpose. It should be put on
some days in advance of the intend
ed date of seeding and harrowed into
the soil. Any way will be satisfac
tory which insures its general dis
tribution over the land.
Where crimson clover has never
been sown before inoculation is
somewhat desirable. We have had
good results both with and without
inoculation. Our experience inclines
us to inoculate this crop, however,
if undertaking its cultivation for the
first time. You should have no trou
ble in securing artificial cultures of
high quality at very reasonable cost.
Full directions for its use will ac
company the inoculating material
and you should fellow these out mi
nutely.
Crimson clover will do very well
on any of our soil types in Georgia,
provided they are in good phvsica)
condition and contain a fairly liberal
Unt T . of e i d , ily available plant
food. It probably will do better on
soils of the Tifton sandy loam type
than on the heaviest clays
In other words, It is a little hard
er to establish possibly on our red
tllan on a loamy type of soil
hen once a good stand is obtained
howeyer, excellent result® may be
sdiV‘ C tyre^ d ° n any ° f ° Ur fading
This is a crop valuable for the en
richment of the soil if turned under
as green manure and for the making
of hay, provided dt is cut when just
coming into bloom; otherwise the
awns on the head's may become hard
and cause boluses to > form "‘e, hard
hav a The«P £ nima ’ s cons uming the
na>. These have been known to kill
amm.a’s. There is no danger how
gestion r s° W T h S ’ nSr thS hay if
Br Thi ’
!h e w| o „'’ t e "e C e??,'jl M ' ,on wllh a,,y ° f
G-EOKGIA AS a SWEET
STfiTE "
w Pavenport. lowa,
pri.es. Ate wish some informa
the re f ard tO the extent of
the use pl sweet potato houses
in Georgia. Do most, of the
£ a ’L me F s . - raise sw eet potatoes’
d * s the av erage yield per
,e • \v e are eonsidr-rincr the
advisabfiity of marketing fabri
cated buildings for storing sweet
potatoes if there is a sufiieien*
market for buildings of this na
ture.
There was approximately a sweet
potato storage capacity in Georgia
last year for one million bushels
Our crop was 13,000,600 bushels in
round numbers, it is thought that
about two million bushels of stor
age capacity will be completed this
summer. Most of the houses are
relatively large structures, caring for
;>,OOO bushels and upward. Sweet po
tato storage houses can, of course, be
built in units which can be added to
almost indefinitely. Some houses
have a capacity of 40,000 bushels and
more. The majority of the sweet po
tato storage houses built at this
time are owned by co-operative or
ganizations, corporations or individu
als. Comparatively few have as yet
been constructed and operated by in
dividual farmers. Presumably, one
could build a fabricated sweet potato
| storage house as well, as almost any
| other type of strucjrtrre. It is our
opinion that a concrete structure
heated by hot water from a central
ly located heating plant will in the
end prove the most effective and de
sirable type to build. This type is,
of course, to be preferred, as there
will be no danger of fire associated
therewith. There is need for a sweet
potato storage house on almost ev
ery farm.
Practically every farm in Georgia
raises some sweet potatoes. There
were about 260,000 farms according
to the last census. There will no
doubt be more according to the cen
sus recently taken. The great ma
jority of our farmers are, of course,
not engaged in raising sweet pota
toes commercially. The yield of
sweet potatoes is approximately 100
bushels per acre. Two to three hun
dred bushels per acre is not an un
common yield. The average yield
is, of course, always much lower.
They can be produced on a profitable
basis in some sections of Georgia
on good land wisely planted, cultivat
ed and fertilized.
THE CUX.T2VATIOW OB INDIGO
HOT PBOPITABIiE
F. R. M„ Macon, Ga., writes:
We would appreciate any in
formation you can give us con
cerning the value and utilization
of indigo weed.
Indigo is the name of a class of
plants 'noted for the blue coloring,
matter derived from them. They are
tall herbs of the pea family. The
one chiefly used for the production
of commercial indigo is Indigofera
tinctoria. This species is a native of
India And may grow to a height of
five feet. The coloring matter occurs
principally in the leaves and is most
abundant in the plant at the time of
flowering. Hence, harvesting should
be done at this period. The coloring
matter is a chemical substance
known as indican. This plant has
been extensively cultivated in India
for a long time, the best quality
coming from Bengal. ’lndigo planta
tions have been established in Brazil,
Central America and Mexico. This
plant has been cultivated to some
extefit in the south at various times.
Its cultivation, however, has never
proven to be commercially desirable.
You will readily see that it has been
produced in those parts of the world
where labor is exceedingly cheap. As
a money-producing crop it was never
able to compete with cotton, tobacco
and other food-producing crops ex
tensively cultivated in the south.
Now that dyes are made so largely
from coal tar, the cultivation of the
indigo plant has naturally declined
very greatly.
Tests Upset Belief
That Charring Posts
Preserves the Wood
The old theory that charring the
butts of fence posts and tehphone
poles preserves the wood has been
disproved by a re'-ie-: e:' it ■
cently conducted by the f irest prod
ucts laboratory of the forest servi- e,
United States department of agri
culture, on fences with cl■ erred and
untreated posts of varied species.
The charred posts proved in these
tests to be even less durable th .
the untreated ones.
Theoretically, an area of charred
wood around a post should prevent
decay, becau~e char<_O''l d< < -■
cay or encourage the growth of
fungi. But the charred area around
a post is not usually a solid cover
ing. It is check d through in-many
places. If posts are s:as ned before
they are charred, the char t) 'does
not reach to th ' bottom of the sea
son cheeks which are always pres
ent. If green unchecked posts are
charred, checks wi ; ' pen through
the chared part as the wood seasons.
In eith r case the uncharted <■ nter
of the post i s exposed to fungus in
fection and will decay as rapid y as
untreated wood.
Charring deep enough to res’st de
cay would undoubtedly weaken a
post of ordinary size.
KWSWWWjSWM
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' Patent Arolled For 852 Wood Street Gttr.ws. Kansas §
OIL EFFECTIVE
IN REMEDYING
SANDY HIGHWAYS
Shifting sand dunes which cover
i up a highway soon after it is com-
I pleted have formed a serious ob
: Stacie to improve road building in
some parts of the country, particu-
I larly in the northwest. To remedy
the evil, the bureau of public roads
I of the United States department of
agriculture has a more
extensive application of the”agency
that lias been used in the past to
lay dust on ordinary highways—oil.
Fifty-three miles of construction
I of the Columbia River highway from
; The Dalles eastward lies through
sandy country, in many places of a
volcanic ash as light as flour. - As
fast as cuts are opened up and fills
made in this light soil the wind
whips out the fill slopes and sand
dunes creep into rock cuts complete
ly blocking the road. Oil is the
only agency yet found to stop the
trouble. The equipment used to
spray the crude oil consists of- two
supply tanks, or drums, in w.hich the
oil i s carried from the storage tank
at the railway siding, and a tractor,
which draws the oiling rig and sup
plies the steam through a hose to
■ the compressor tank, which is car
ried on a trailer. The oil is heat
ed by the steam and forced through
a hose v/ith a nozzle consisting of a
half-inch pipe. The steam atomizes
the oil and sends it in a fine spray
for 100 feet or more, depending oik
whether the spray is projected in
the direction of.the wind or against
it. For obvious*reasons, spraying is
usually carried on in the direction
of the wind.
Where sufficient oil is used, this
means of controlling the sand dunes
is very effective, and it is believed
that the cost will not be excessive,
though exact figures are not obtain
| able at this time.
Farm Paoer Declares
Jersey Breeders Day
Dawns in Tennessee
The breeders of good dairy cattle,
especially the breeders of 'Jerseys,
have the opportunity of a lifetime
right now in Tennessee. The increas
ing number of co-operative cream
enes, the numerous new cream-buy
ing stations, the unsatisfied demand
for good dairy products, the present
low prices of beef cattle, all combine
to make the farmer turn his thoughts
dairyward. Os course, it is not every
farmer who can handle dairy cows
profitably, but on thousands of farms
tn this section small herds of high
producing cows offer the farmer one
of the best chanceshe can hope to
have to add to his income. This
should be a great dairy section. It
is fast becoming so. Without dis
counting the good qualities of any
other bunch of dairy cattle, the Jer
sey remains the most economical pro
ducer of butter-fat; and it is butter
fat that the farmer who sells cream
wishes to produce. Tennessee, too, is
essentially a Jersey steta. Tennes
nessee Jerseys are just as good to
day as they ever were. There should
be more of them, and there ought to
be a steady stream of the best Jersey
blood going out from the great herds
of this state to the farms on which
butter production wi’l be the chief
end of the cattle-breeding operations.
Some farms are suited to beef cat
tle and not to dairy cattle; some
farms need, most of all, cattle of the
general-purpose type: but on an in
creasing number of farms the da’ry
cows is the thing. Only good dairy
cows are worth keeping, and such cm
be had now at very reasonable prices.
The opportunity is open for both
b’-eeders anti farmers.—Southern Ag
riculturist.
Bankers and Farmers
Have Cattle Exchange
That Brings Results
Co-operation between bankers and
farmers in the acquirement and dis
tribution of high-class animal and
plant stock is helping to promote a
prosperous condition in Wisconsin,
the United States department of ag
riculture is advised.
The Banker-Farmer Exchange con
ducted 'under the auspices of the
Wisconsin Bankers’ association list
ed 2,131 head of cattle, valued at
$281,000, during its first year of
operation, and obtained inquiries for
1,698 head.
The exchange has its headquar
ters at Madison, the state capital. A
commission of 5 per cent, paid by
the seller, is charged on all sales
made through listings to cover ex
penses, but no charge is made on
sales outside the listings.
When a farmer lists live stock for
sale he signs a statement on the
listing blank that the animals are
healthy and sound, except when
otherwise stated, and that the cattle
have been or will be tested for tuber
culosis. Male animals to be used
for breeding purposes must be pure
bred.
With every transaction, two banks
are concerned, and if there is any
dissatisfaction, both banks know it.
A breeder can not afford to risk his
standing with his bank by misrep
resenting his product. Should he
; attempt it. he loses the privilege of
i the service. The farmers are fast
becoming acquainted with the ex
change and are forming the habit
of reporting their wants to the local
banks.
For Better Stock
A flock of 20,000 poultry, all Sin-
Comb White Leghorns and all
’anda’d bred, is one of the largest
*o be enrolled in the “Better Sires—
Better Stock” campaign conducted
by the United States department of
agriculture and co-operating agen
cies to improve the average quality
! if domestic animals and fowls in the
United States. This flock, in King
county, Wash., ranks among the larg-
I egt and, best utility flocks in the
country. The owner also reported a
herd of 173 Holstein cattle and twen
v-one Duroo-Jersey sw’ne
RIFLE
ML STEEL,/ we
.UGAZINE./ TO »OYS
ze ChoiceofAixGen, (on four
Pions) for Kilins our Mi
rjFLE/X Sic Hojlins
F?.EE/v ,25c Box. WE TRUST YOU! rliM
CrderSix Boxes Tc4r; On Postal Card—
r-/f-Wesent promptly, Hepaid’ Eear to Sell—
y ) the Healing Ointment needed in every home!
4 ’Z/ once - return money, as we direct, Afth
U'yt choosing your Gun according to one of the
Plans shown in our Big Premium List. 200 L-X
/.*■' / Other Gifts! Or Big Cash Commission! Just for A
promptness a Free Gift —So Okdex Today!
| WAVERLY SUPPLY CO. 2U Towner Bl<U, Monongahela. Pt.
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER IS, 1920.
Care of Implements
When Not in Service
Pays Profitable Returns
In this day of complicated ma
chinery most farmers probably give
little thought to the care of so sim
ple an implement as a plow. But
more effort has been expended in
the slow process of developing this
seemingly simple tool than in that
of any other implement on the farm.
It is the basic tillage tool, the fun
damnetal farm implement, and it is
richly entitled to be properly cared
for when not in use.
Should. Be Stored in Dry
When laid by, say the implement
experts, the plow should, if possible,
be stored in a dry place, away from
fej 4# AtW sfesa
■■ A WWI & «■’" ■ s 1
v.
Leaving Implements to the Mercy t of Weather Costs Money.
contact with the ground. In any
case, the bright parts should always
be coated with grease to prevent
rust. Once the mold board and
share have become pitted with rust,
an efficient job of plowing cannot
be done until the corroded parts
again have acquired a polish by use.
The United States department of
agriculture, of course, does not stop
with the plow in its admonition in
this regard. Harrows, also relatively
simple but tremendously important
implements, are, n?.4t to plows, most
generally neglected. Many farmers
who would not neglect an expensive
harvesting machine, say the experts,
are careless as to harrows and other
implements of this type. But these,
also, represent capital invested, and
a larger return is possible if they are
properly cared for at the end of the
season.
If harrows are stored urder a shed,
the teeth should be supported by
blocks or boards, so that they will
not become embedded in the ground.
All accumulations of earth and U’ash
should be removed. This is especial
ly applicable to wooden-framed har
rows. The earthy accumulations re
tain moisture and accelerate decay.
When the wooden parts have dried
out sufficiently they should be paint
ed, to prevent season checking and
splitting. As the harrow works in
wet earth and close to the ground,
deterioration is rapid once checking
has started.
If the disk harrow is stored in a
shed or other* floorless building, the
disk gangs should be run upon boards
so the disks will not become embed
ded in the ground. Whether housed
or not. the implement should be
carefully cleaned of all accumula
tions of soil, and the disks should be
greased with a heavy 'grease to pre
vent rust. The paint, particularly on
Buy your Blue Buckles ■
Today I
ilk
•
up w- \ wu
$ I-'
I
/t L- -41
a- *HI fl
9 I 1
f ’ - - TH
Find out for yourself about Blue Buckles. Test
the long-wearing denim cloth, the wide double- /fW
stitched seams. Try on a pair. Blue Buckle
Over Alls and Coats never bind or rip-are big,
roomy and comfortable. Solid workmanship in
every detail is bound to give you your money’s
worth. All sizes—Men’s, Youths’, Children’s.
Ask your dealer today for Blue Buckles.
Blue Buckle OverAHs
Diggest selling overall in the world
© J. O. Co. *
the wooden parts, should be renewed
frequently.
Get the Mower Under Shelter
Mowers, more generally than plows
and harrows, are put under shelter,
but many of them spend the winter
at the edge of the meadow where the
last cutting of hay was made, and in
most cases they are not properly
greased, even when sheltered. Get
the mower under shelter if possible.
In any case, clean the knife bar, wipe
it with a greasy rag, and store in a
dry place. Place a block of wood or
other support under the mid-point of
the tongue, so that it will not ac-
quire a permanent sag. If the mower
is stored with the cutter bar in a
vertical position, place a block of
wood under the shoe to take the
weight off the frame. All accumu
lations of vegetable matter and dirt
should be removed and all bearings
and other bright parts of the machine
oiled or greased. Much the same
rules ajiply to reapers and binders.
The time to care for each imple
ment is when its work is finished
Pressure of other work, ho ( wever, fre
quently makes this inconvenient, but
nothing should be allowed to inter
fere with getting all machinery
greased, and, if possible, under cover
before the beginning of winter. Then,
as early in the winter as you can
find time for it, go over every piece
and see what repairs are needed. If
new parts have to be ordered', order
them at once. A great deal of val
uable time is lost every spring wait
ing for repair parts to arrive frqjn
the city.
The best possible use should be
made of such housing space as is
available, and grease and paint
should be used without stint. ■ Any
farm implement with bearings and
bright parts well protected with
heavy grease is better off out in the
weather than standing in a shed
without any protection by grease or
oil.
The United States department of
agriculture has two bulletins —
Farmers’ Bulletin 946 and
Bulletin 947—devoted to the repair
and adjustment of farm implements.
With all implements safely sheltered
for the winter, you have time to
'write for these bulletins and to use
the information they contain in put
ting your implements and machines
in the best possible condition for
next crop season. 1
a i w w I
Don’t miea this chance tn cut your tire coat / A
60% and more. We ehi[/ at once on ap- / 1
proval. These are standard niaks used
tirca. excellent condition, selected by our I *
experts—rebuilt by expert workmanahip* /
Can readily be guaranteed formiles. ZjK; I
NOTE:Theae are not eewed togeth* I
er tires —known as double treads. I
30x3 .$5.50..51.60 34x4 .$ 8.75..52.60 GSjX
30x314. 6 50.. 1.75 81x4)4. 10.00.. 3.00
31x3)4. 6.75.. 1.85 35x4)4. 11.00.. 3.15 \aS>
32x3)4 . 7.00.. 2.00 36x4)4. 11.50.. 3.4o<S3r>
31x4 , 8.00.. 2.25 35x5 . 12.50.. 8.50 I
32x4 . 8.25.. 2.40 86x5 12.75., 8.65
33x4 , 8.50.. 2.50 37x5 . 12.75.. 8.75 \
WSITF Kemember. wc guarantee your'\&B<
•Hill* perfect satisfaction. Pay only \\ 1
on arrival. Examine and judee for your- \\ J
self. If not satisfied—send them back atV. way \ Y
our expense. We will refund your rooneyDSV? V*
without question. Be sure to state size V
wantod—Clincher, S. S., Non-Skid. Plain. YrgjA-y '
CLEVELAND TIRE AND RUBRER CO. .
3105 Michigan Avenue Chicago, 111.
SEND CATALOG
RIFLES, REVOLVERS, FISHING
TACKLE AND SPORTING GOODS
w. Market. WUISyiIUH
SeHing Eagle Sawing Machines
Every timber owner needs one. Powerful, fast
cutting, one-man. log eaw. A demonstration sells
it. Representatives making big money every
where. Exclusive territory free. You can make
$2.00 An Hour
A "awing wood during demonstra
v tions. Write Today for full in
f >4; fannation and our special low
agent’s pric'" Big opportunity.
Eagle Sawing Machine Co.. DepL 113 Xaniu City. Mo.
I AU makes, singles or twins.
Every machine expertly rebuilt,
:ested. guaranteed in perfect
shape. Send 2c for bulletin of
Fall bargains in rebuilt motor
cycles. Saves you half. /
THE WESTERN SUPPLIES CO
| 366 Hayutln Bldg., Denver, Coln.*^y*^ >
PEACH &APPI4
AT BARGAIN PRICES
■ TO PLANTERS
Small or Large Lots by fxpreßß. Freight or Pared Pom_
Penr Plum, Cherry Berries. Grapes. Nuts Shade and
Ornamental Trees, Vines and Shrubs Catalog FREE
TENN. NURSERY CO.. CLEVELAND. TENN
SEAfD iTO
Don’t miss this ehance to cut your JJqJC ZjA
tire cost in half. Our standard make JL V
Rebuilt Tires in excellent condition
selected by our experts are guaran- DOr Awg", V
teed for 6,000 miles or more. We
ship at once on approval. Don’t
send any money. Just your name
brings tires. NOTE. These sure Sp
not two tires sewed together. ■«--
Prices SmasZied(x& : g-
Size Tires Tubes|Size Tires Tubesife
28x3 $ 5.45 $1.55 34x4 $ 8.75 S2.6OXX>
80x3 6.50 1.60 33x4)4 9.50 2.BOIXzC
83x3)4 6.50 1.75 34x4.44 10.00 W
82x3)4 7.00 2.00 35x4)4 11.00 B.ISXX>
81x4 8.00 2.25 36x4)4 11.50 8.40
82x4 8.25 2.40 35x5 12.60 8.50 BQC
83x4 8.50 2.50 37x5 12.75 8.75 {VNcf
SENS MO VI’I vgyll
Just your name and size of tires jOC? laL/ >
wanted. No money in advance. /
Pay only on arrival. Examine and <T>£~7. \ T
judge for yourself. If not satisfied f
return them at our expense and your
mon‘y refunded.
MITCHELL TIRE & RUBBER CO.
IXS East 39ti> Stroat Dopt. 328 Chicago, IN