Newspaper Page Text
6
. ■ -O== AtCD SUCCESSFULFARMIKG jjP
Dr Andrew M. Soule
Wasting' Our Patrimony
The crop and animal waste in
—Georgia in 1919 approximated SIOO,-
006.000. Think of it. This repre
sents practically $33 per capita of
our population. What a marvelous
addition to our wealth the saving of
even a part of this great sum of
money would mean. It is true that
we live in a billion-dollar age, but
one-tenth of a billion is after all a
considerable sum. and repreents very
often the' .increment or loss on a
profitable year of industry and pro
duction. How did so great and enor
mous an amount of wealth escape
„ from us?
Os our 13,640,000 bushels of sweet
I potatoes. approximately 6,500,000
bushels decayed because we had no
suitable storage houses in which to
place them. What was the use of
growing them if we did not save
them? There is enough material on
every .farm to build an efficient
sweet potato storage house at a small
cost, and the Georgia State College
of Agriculture stands ready to sup
ply free plans to every bona fide citi
zen of the state. Our loss in corn ag
gregated $45,165,000. The statement
with reference to this crop may seem
anomalous to many, but as a matter
of fact, we do not need to increase
the acreage in corn to raise 100.000,-
000 bushels as corppared with the
69,890,000 bushels we raised Oast
year. What we do need to do is to‘
take the drone plants out of our corn
fields, plant better varieties, in
crease the yield per acre through
seed selection and eliminate through
wise practices the heavy damage we
now suffer from insect and fungus
diseases. These are comparatively
simple matters, and certainly no one
acquainted with the facts doubt our
ability to increase the yield of corn
by the institution of better soil prep
b aration and fertilization by an av
| erage of from five to ten bushels per
■ acre. Part of the wealth we obtain
I from cotton and other crops goes out
f of Georgia each year for corn to
feed our live stock or for use as hu
man food. Let us stop this leak for
ever. It can be accomplished this
year.
Under the head of cotton we are
etill growing a number of varieties
that yield a short and unsatisfactory
staple. This easily amounted to a
loss equivalent to 157,272 bales last
year. This shortlint was worth $6,-
290.880. Improper grading cost the
producers $8,650,000 more. Our fail
ure to grow those varieties, the seed
Laid Eggs
Every Day
BfewgS;
Mrs. F. Bock, Albany, N. Y., writes:
•‘Out of six hens I got six eggs daily. I
have found your ‘More Eggs’ Tonie a great
•uccess.” Os course, no one could reason
ably expect Reefer’s “More Eggs’’ to make
such a wonderful record with every flock,
but letters from thousands of users tell how
this wonderful egg producer brought them
"big egg yields all fall and winter—bigger
egg profits than ever. Give your hens a few
cents worth of “More Eggs” the wonderful
egg producer, and you will be amazed and
delighted with results.
Now is the time to give “More
Eggs” to your hens, while prices are high
and profits big. Don’t let your hens loaf;
make them lay. “More Eggs” Tonic has
done this for 400,000 chicken raisers all over
the country. It will do the same for you.
If you wish to try this great profit maker,
aimplv write a postcard or letter to E. J.
Keefer, the poultry expert, 3519 Reefer
bldg., Kansas City, Mo., and ask for his
special $2.00 offer, three SI.OO packages
Free. Don’t send any money. Mr. Reefer
will send you five SI.OO packages of “More
Eggs.” You pay the postman upon delivery
only $2.00, the price of just two packages,
the three extra packages being free. The
Million Dollar Merchants Bank of Kansas
City, Mo., guarantees if you are not abso
lutely satisfied, your $2.00 will be returned
at any time, within 30 days—on request.
No risk to you. Write today for this spe
cial free offer.
50 Eggs a Day
I received you “More Eggs” tonic and
found it was a great Godsend. I was only
getting 12 eggs a day and now I am getting
50 per day.—MYRTLE ICE, Boston, Ky.
Seven Times the Eggs
I have 24 six months pullets and was get
ting two and three eggs a day, and after
using your “More Eggs” for two weeks my
agg yield went up to 17 to 21 eggs a day.
J. H. WALKER, Mendota, 111.
Put Hens in Fine Condition
Your “More Eggs” Tonic is wonderful, i
never saw such a change in poultry as your
“More Eggs” makes. It is wine.
F. E. SCHAMP, Minnie, W. Va.
1200 Eggs from 29 Hens
The “More Eggs” Tonic did wonders for
me. I had 29 hens when I got the tonic and
was getting five or six egg 9 a day. April
Ist I had over 1200 eggs. I neveti saw the
equal. EDW. MERKER. Pontiac, Mich.
Gets Eggs All Year
Have several friends that wish to use
your "More Eggs” Tonic after seeing that
I have been so successful in getting eggs all
through the year and moulting season.
MRS. J. MEDARIS, Dile, Tex.
24 Eggs a Day During Moulting
Your “More Eggs” Tonie certainly puts
hens in good condition for laying. I had
175 hens that were moulting and I began
feeding them your Tonic and got nearly 2
doz. eggs a day.
S. J. FRANKENBERGER, Loganton.Pa.
S2OO Worth of Eggs from 44 Hens
I never used “More Eggs’’ Tonic until
last December, then just used one SI.OO
package and have sold over S2OO worth or
eggs from 44 hens. “More Eggs” Tonic did
A. G. THODE, Sterling, Kan., R. No. 2,
Box 47.
Remember, these are just a few letters
cut of thousands! You, too, can increase
your profits.
Send No Moisey!
Don’t send any money, just fill in I. A
and mail coupon. You will be sent,
•t once, five SI.OO packages of
“MORE EGGS.” Pay the postman -A0
Upon delivery only $2.00. the three ig
extra packages being FREE. Don,’t ®
wait—take advantage of this free of
fer TODAY! Reap the BIG profits
“MORE EGGS” will make for you. ▼
Have plenty of eggs to sell when the
price is highest. Send TODAY—
NOW!
iaaaaa ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■*
3 SI.OO Pkgs. Free
E. J Reefer. Poultry Exp< . 3519 Reefer
Bldg., Kansas City, Mo.
Dear Mr. Reefer:—! accept vour offer.
Send me the five SI.OO packages of Reef
er's “More Egggs” for which » agree to
pav the postman $2.00 when he brings me
the five packages, the three extra packages
being free. You agree to refund me $2.00 at
any time within 30 days, if all five of these
packages do not prove satisfactory in ev
ery way.
Name.*
Address
You may send $2.00 cash with this cou
pon if you prefer.
THE ATLANTA TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL.
NEWS AND VIEWS FOR THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER
of which yields the largest quantity
of oil that can be obtained, cost us
another $6,000,000. The same thing
was true of peanuts, the oil content
of which has been shown to vary
from 40 to 53 per cent per ton. After
we grow 10,500,000 pounds of bright
tobacco and harvested it, our care
lessness in curing it resulted in much
of it selling on the basis of off
grades. Thus we lost $2,936,000 in
this direction. Cholera destroyed
191,100 head of hogs worth $3,248,-
700. Cattle ticks Gamaged our cattle
to the extent of $5,000,000. The un
derfeeding of our beef and dairy cat
tle by reason of our failure to estab
lish adequate’pasture areas and grow
plenty of roughage for use in the
winter cost us $12,381,000. The
grand total is $100,672,830. These
figures are stated with the utmost
conservatism. No consideration has
been given to damage by the boll
weevil or to losses from insect and
fungus diseases generally speaking,
and which amount in the total to
many million dollars more.
Crop and Anima! Waste, 1919,
Sweet Potatoes—Production, 13.064.000
bushels; loss, 6,500,000 bushels, $9,750,000.
,n£™™£r c I lnc . tion - 69,890,000 bushels; loss.
100,000,000 bushels, $45,165,000.
Cotton—Production, 1,730,000 bales- loss,
157,272 bales; (a) short lint, $6,290,880;
proper grading, $8,650,000; <c) cotton
oil. $6,000,000.
Peanuts—Production. 5,050,000 bushels
loss, 40 to 54 per cent oil, $1,251,250.
Tobacco—Production. 10.500,000 pounds
loss on off grades. $2,936,000.
Hogs. Cholera—Production. 3,155.000 head;
loss. 191.100 head, $3,248,700.
Cattle, Ticks—Loss, $5,000,000.
Cows, rnderfed—Production, 461,000 head:
loss, $4,610,000, $7,771,000.
Grand less, $100,672,830.
Some may argue that all of this
wealth could not be saved. That is
probably true, but increased yields
and better management would more
than offset any depreciation which
should be charged off. Moreover, the
greater part of this wealth could
have been saved if the methods of
practice now used and demonstrated
to be scientifically correct and easy
of institution had been followed.
Then again we have- a striking evi
dence of the need of universal train
ing along agricultural and vocation
al lines. No matter what the cost
may be, it never can even approxi
mate the tribute exacted from us
through the permission of the con
tinuance of the wonderful practices
which are now in vogue. Let
us stop some of these leaks and cap
italize this wealth and make it serve
the organization and mintenance of a
worth-while development program in
the interest of all the citizenry of
the state of Georgia.
Notes on Winter Bations
Where a moist, chopped-up type of
roughage is fed with concentrates,
it is best, as a rule, to scatter the
grain over the roughage after it has
been placed in the manger. It should
then be mixed with the mass of
roughage by means of a fork. When
this is not done, the animals may
bolt,the grain down without properly
masticating it, and, in that event, in
digestion may follow. Moreover, it
is desirable that the animals fed be
induced to consume the largest pos
sible amount of roughage. Not only
do ruminating animals consume con
siderable quantities of material of
this character, but a certain percent
age of nutrients required can be sup
plied from this source in a cheaper
form than through the agency of
concentrates. Hence, it is desirable
to have the animals eat as much
roughage as possible.
In the case of hogs, an entirely
different procedure is necessary. This
class of animals should be provided
with green feed as nearly as may be
possible throughout the year. They
will only eat at best a moderate
amount of roughage. The feeds
grown for them to graze on should,
therefore, be selected with the ex
pectation of supplying a large
amount of grain. Where hogs are
maintained on grazing crops, they
should be fed about two pounds of
grain per head per day. Hogs should
not be confined to small pens. They
should be supplied with plenty of
mineral matter. They may be given
legume hay containing grain to pick i
over during the winter season to con- !
siderable advantage. When they are j
fed on concentrates, one may com- j
bine for the young hogs say 100 '
pounds of corn or corn and cob meal I
with 100 pounds of shorts. In the \
absence of shorts, use ninety pounds I
of corn and corn cob meal with ten
pounds of digester tankage. Velvet
bean meal may be used to some ad
vantage in feeding hogs, but it
should not be fed to young pigs. Pea
nut meal from which the hulls have
been removed can be combined to
very good advantage with corn in
feeding hogs. I think two-thirds corn
or corn and cob meal and one-third
peanut meal will be found the most
satisfactory ration. Cottonseed meal
can only be fed in very limited quan
tities to hogs for moderate periods of
time.
In view of the great peanut and
velvet bean crops which we are like
ly to have in Georgia this year, I do
not think any material advantage
will be gained from feeding cotton
seed meal this winter. This concen
trate can be fed to better advantage
and with greater profit to beef and
dairy cattle. As a rule, grain fed
to hogs should be slopped, and the
more milk that can be added to the
ration the better. The slop should be
given in troughs and these and the
general surroundings should be kent
in the best sanitary conditions possi
ble. With such a variety of feeds
available in Georgia for use this fall
and winter, there is no reason why
our live stock should not be kept in
excellent condition through the utili
zation of home-grown rations.
Canning Fresh Pork in Glass
S. M. C., Asheboro, N. C.,
writes: Will you nlease print in
the agricultural columns a recipe
for canning fresh pork in glass
jars.
No doubt there are various meth
ods by which meat can be canned.
One of the best and most reliable
investigators and writers on this
subject, however, is Frants P. Lund,
of the United Statey department of
agriculture. He has mode extensive
investigations into the canning of
meat, and he recommends the fol
lowing method of procedure for can
ning in glass, which I am sure you
will find reliable and easy to follow.
It. is important to remember that
sanitation is very essential in the
processing of meat.
Meats are ready for canning as
soon as the animal heat has disap
peared. They must be handled in
as cleanly a manner as possible. The
meats should be cooked first, eith
er fried, broiled, roasted, baked or
stewed, just as would be done for
immediate serving, to preserve not
onlv the meat but the home-cooked
flavor as well. The meat is sea
soned according to individual taste
and is heated until it is entirely
cooked through, without needing to
be cooked tender before placing it
in the jars. The jars should be
washed clean and put in cold water
in a vessel with a false bottom of
slatted wood, heated to the boiling
point and kept boiling for ten to
fifteen minutes. This helps to clean
the jars and makes it possible Tn fill
them without so much danger of
I breakage. After filling the cans
‘ with teh meat and gravy adjust the
rubber and put the lid in place. If
screw top jars are used, put the top
in place but do not screw ’t down
tight. For glass-top jars adiust the
rubber and glass top. Put the wire
clamp up over the top, but do not
press' down the spring.
We take it for granted that you
have a steam-pressure ednner; oth
erwise we do not think you shoTild
attempt to can meat as it is a very
risky proposition. Exhausting is not
necessary with glass jars as the
heating w :, l force the excess of air
out around the lid. When glass Jars
are processed the Conner should not
be heated so high that steam
Home Water System
Saves Farm Women
Much Unneeded Drudgery
It is frequently said' that running
water is the pivot upon which much ■
modern convenience and comfort
turns, but in a redent farm-home
survey, made by the United States
department of agriculture and the
state agricultural colleges in 28
northern and western states, only 32
per cent of the farm homes report
having running water, that is, water
drawn from a faucet, and possibly
available for use in other rooms be
sides the kitchen. Sixty-five per cent
of the homes have water in the
kitchen only, that is, supplied di
rectly from a pump or possibly by
means of a rubber hose attached to
a barrel located inside or ontside of ;
the kitchen. However, in 60 per cent ;
of the homes there is a sink with ;
drain, even though in many cases i
the water used has to be carried into
the house by the pailful. In 61 ’
per cent of the 6,511 homes into
which the water must be carried this ;
a/ <// :
smIBBW ' I]
■■* TfJtF
One Who Would Appreciate Running Water.
work is by women. Os 6,679 women
answering the question 20 per cent
have bathtubs in their homes. The
state ranking highest reported 48
per cent of homes having bathtubs,
and the one ranking lowest 3 per
cent.
A Boon to Farm Women
No one single thing brings so much
relief to farm women in meeting
their endless tasks as does the use of
running It is undoubtedly
the greatest need in rural-home life
today on more than two-thirds of the
farms. The advent of the bathtub,
the indoor toilet, and other conven
iences dependent upon running
water, bring not only Release from
drudgery but a sense of pride and
ownership which is as important a
factor in a woman’s success in her
daily rouad of work as is modern
machinery* in the success of farm
ing. ' y
The three important principles to
consider in the subject of water sup
ply for the farm home are: It is
necessary to have clean water; there
should be convenient and serviceable
equipment to furnish running water
in the house; and this convenient
supply of safe water should be se
cured with economy.
“blows of.” through the safety valve,
since this will cause a difference in
pressure between the steam on the
outside of the jar in the canner and
that inside of the jar, resulting in
a part of the contents being forced
out, or the rubber being pushed out
of place. The temperature must be
high enough to sterilize the contents,
which, for meats, is not less than 15
pounds of steam pressure. At the end
of the period of sterilization do not
let the steam escape fro mthe can
ner, but turn out the fire or lift the
canner from the fire and let it cool
until the steam gauge shows that
there is no steam pressure in the
canner. Then open the petcock, un
fasten the clamps, and remove the
cover, lift out the jars carefully,
avoiding any draft, seal immediate
ly by fastening the lid or pressing
down the wire springs and allow to
cool in a place free from drafts.
Can Bermuda Grass Be Destroyed
J. B. C., Lyerly, Ga., writes:
Can Bermuda grass be killed? If
so, what is the best method?
How do soy beans compare with
eowpeas as a land improver?
Bermuda grass can be killed out
quite effectively. To accojnplish this
proceed as follows: Plow the land
immediately very shallow. This will
give the freezes ensuing between
now and early spring an opportunity
to act on the exposed roots. Many
of the sets will thus be destroyed.
Os course, there will be a large num
ber left in the soil and these will
start to grow off vigorously just as
soon as spring opens up. The best
thing to do under the circumstances
is to plow the land deeply, and as
soon as it is warm enough seed the
land to velvet beans or cowpeas.
These crops may be seeded alone or
in combination with some companion
crop that will make their cultiva
tion more desirable from the stand
point of producing grain or forage.
They are two of the most effective
smother crops we can use. and Ber
muda grass, as you doubtless know,
cannot stand continuous shading for
any length of time.
It is, of course, late in the sea
son now to sow oats but if you could
break some of this land immediately,
you might sow oats and as soon as
they are harvested follow with one
of the legumes indicated above. It
may be necessary to continue the
use of smother crops on the land
for two years in succession. Clean
cultivation or a hoed crop the sec
ond year will generally enable you
to effectively control and destroy
Bermuda grass.'
There is little to chose in our opin
ion between the soy bean and the
cowpea as a soil builder. Possibly
cowpeas may gather and store a lit
tle more nitrogen than soy beans. A
good deal depends on the relative
growth which these crops happen to
make. There is a wide variability
in the varieties of beans and peas
adapted for planting in Georgia. We
think where one grows the Iron,
\the Whippoorwill, the Clay or the
Brabham cowpea and the Mammoth
Yellow soy bean, there will not be
much difference in the size of the
crop harvested or the amount of
nitrogen which will be gathered in
the crop or the soil in a given sea
son. In our experience th* soy bean
will outyield the cowpea, in so far
as grain production is concerned, and
where one wishes to eumhasize this
matter, we would favor the planting
'of soy beans. We have found the
soy bean a very valuable crop to
feed to hogs, especially if combined
with corn or shorts. The°e animals
relish the beans and will harvest
them readily. There upright, bushy
type of growth offers them some ad
vantages over cowpeas for use in
hay production. On the other hand,
the stems are coarser and not so
readily eaten as in the case of cow
peas.
The reeding Value of Spanish Pea
nuts
G. C. 8., Dublin, Ga., writes:
I wish to know the feeding val
ue of Spanish peanuts when fed
to horses and mules unthresh
ed. Also the amount of nutrition
in the peanuts as compared to
the same number of pounds of
shelled corn; also the value of
peanut hay as compared with
peavine hay. What would need
The first and most important con
sideration is to get a supply of clean
water. By clean water is meant wa
ter which is both clear and pure.
Good farm water supplies are usu
ally obtained from wells, springs,
and cisters. Water from wells on
farms is frequently contaminated
and contains the source if disease.
Contaminated water may be the
cause of outbreaks of typhoid fever,
dysentery, and other intestinal dis
orders among members of the fam
ily.
• Purity Pirst Consideration
From Mie standpoint of economy,
all local conditions which would have
a bearing on obtaining clean water
and putting it into the house with
convenient ad serviceable equipment
should be determined. No matter
how cheap the system, if the water
is not clean or the equipment is not
serviceable or convenient, the invest-
ment is a poor one, say rural engi
neers of the United States depart
ment of agriculture. Plan first of
all to do the necessary work to give
thoroughly clean surroundings; next
secure the proper material to protect
the well. By inquiry as to local
prices of material and labor the cash
outlay needed can be easily deter
mined. In the majority of cases it
will be found that the well or spring
can be located and, protected by the
use of material available on the
farm, such as old bricks, stones, etc.,
with a cash outlay for little except
cement, or, in case of a bored well,
for iron casing. The same principle
should be applied in planning the
water supply equipment. All ma
terial and labor available on the
farm or in the locality should first
be utilized, and only such cash ex
penditure should be made as is nec
essary to make the system complete,
serviceable, and convenient, but this
practice should not be carried to the
extent of using poor material which
will later give trouble in the opera
tion of the plant. Farmers’ Bulletin
841, water systems for farm homes,
gives detailed information in regard
to the selection of sources of water
supply and pumping and storing wa
ter for home use.
to be added to these foodstuffs
to make a good ration for mules
doing hard road work and how
much should be fed per day?
The feeding value of peanuts both
in the hay and straw has been work
ed out completely. Peanut vines to
which the nuts are attached contain
9.6 4>er. cent of digestible protein
and 8.3 per cent of digestible fat.
The vines without the nuts contain
6.8 per cent of digestible protein and
3.0 per cent of digestible fat. The
vines, if combined with other rough
age, would make a far more satisfac
tory hay than the peanut vines with
the nuts attached. You will observe
that the peanut vines contain about
the same perceintage of digestible
protein as various other/ hays and it
is also relatively low in fat. The
peanut vines with the nuts attached
contain a higher protein percentage
than is desirable to feed the work
stock, and they contain far more fat
that would prove desirable in the
dietary of this class of stock. It
would be difficult to compare peanuts
and shelled corn satisfactorily be
cause the crops are so essentially dif
ferent in all respects and in the pur
poses that help in the nutrition of
animals.
You can make a very excellent
roughage ration for work stock by
combining two-thirds shelled corn
stover with one-third chopped peanut
vine hay. You may use sorghum,
Sudan grass or any other similar
forage crop in place of the shelled
corn stover. This material, when
chopped up fine should be moistened
with water containing a little salt
before it is fed. This lessens the
tendency of dusty hays to produce
irritation of the bronchial tubes in
work stock. You might feed as much
of this hay as will be eaten up
readily. This will not exceed about
fifteen pounds per head per day per
one thousand pounds of live weight.
If the mules will eat a little more, it
will be all right to let them have
it.
A good grain ration may be made
up to say five or six hundred pounds
of corn or corn and cob meal. If
corn and cob meal is used, it should
be ground and made fine. To this
add two hundred an fifty pounds of
whole or chopped oats and one hun
dred pounds of peanut meal from
which the hulls have been exclued.
Horses and mules have a relatively
small digestive capacity, and hence,
require richer and more concentrat
ed feeds than some other classes of
live stock. A mixture made up in
the proportion indicated will pro
vide an excellent ration for work ani
mals. This ration can be fed with
safety. Fifteen pounds per head per
day should be an abundance of it to
feed. We would give this in two or
three equal parts.
Hay made from cowpeas contains
about 13 per cent of digestible pro
tein. Il will vary according to the
percentage of peas it contains. It is
a richer feed in protein than peanut
vine hay. '-One should not feed too
much of it to work stock. Horses
and ipules may suffer from azoturia
at times. This is brought about by
surfeiting the animals with nitrogen.
Hence, pea vine hays should never
constitute more than one-third or
one-fourth of the rughage ration of
horses and mules. The smaller
amount should be used where long
continued feeding of pea vine hay is
contemplated.
Seeding Oats in the Fall
G. W. M., Thomaston, Ga.,
writes: I would like information
relative to the planting and cul
tivation of cats and the best kind
to plant for feeding purposes.
How much seed should be used
and how should they be fertil
ized?
In our experience the best method
of land preparation to follow with
oats has varied considerably with a
season. In some years one can disc
in the oats successfully, in other
years they may be sown on land
which has been devted to peas in
open furrows. As a rule, we have
had the best results from breaking
the land and working it down into a
fine condition before planting.
Oats like a rather fine seed bed.
We are somewhat partial to the
open furrow method. We would at
least wish to use a grain drill.
Plant the oats rather deep, and use
SENATOR SMITH
MOVES TO AID
COTTON EXPORT
BY CI.IFFOBD TUCKER
NEW YORK, Dec. 2.—Senator
Hoke Smith, of Georgia, during his
visit to New York, has been partic
ularly active in an effort' to make ar
rangements for the export of cotton
to Europe, thereby boosting the price
of the produci.
The senior Georgia senator has
met with great success, and has had
assurances of cordial support to the
Export Finance corporation, to
which practically all banks in the
cotton-growing area are subscribers.
It is the senator’s idea to have a
great portion of cotton shipped to
middle Europe, mainly Germany.
The Export Finance corporation,
which is to have charge of a large
part of the cotton shipments, will
have a right to issue notes in amount
equal to ten times the capital stock
to secure funds to aid foreign ex
ports:
Senator Smith has interviewed
many exporters in New York and
finds them in sympathy with his plan
to send cotton into middle Europe.
“I feel confident a most liberal
financial support will be given to the
Export Finance corporation as soon
as it is organized,” stated Senator
Smith.
“Opinion here is that southern sell
ing was responsible for the break in
prices of cotton. There are strong
interests in New York who are ready
to give their cordial support to the
Export Finance corporation.
“This corporation will be author
ized to issue notes equal to ten times
the capital stock for the purpose of
securing money to aid in foreign ex
ports. The notes will be readily ab
sorbed for the purpose of putting
cotton into Germany.”
Senator Smith has been highly hon
ored during his visit to New York.
He has been the guest of honor at
various luncheons and banquets at
tended by the most prominent citi
zens of the state.
Senator Smith was entertained at a
luncheon by Judge Martin Manton, of
the New York circuit court, the af
fair being given to the Georgia sena
tor in appreciation of his work in
putting through the senate the bill
increasing the salaries of the United
States court judges. t ..
Among those present besides the
federal judges of New York were
Judge Alton B. Parker, former Sena
tor O’Gorman and former Secretary
of War Lindley M. Garrison.
A high tribute was Senator
Smith by Senator O’Gorman, when
the latter said: “The nation could,
have better afforded to lose the serv
ices of any other senator than Sena
tor Smith’s” .
The senator was entertained at
luncheon also by Thomas B. Felder,
formerly of Atlanta, and he was one
of the guests of honor at a dinner
at the Hotel Astor.
Senator Smith has been the guest
of his son-in-law an d daughter, Mr.
and Mrs. J. Lyman Pratt, at 1109
Madison avenue. He came to New
York intending to stay a week, but
has been here nearly three weeks.
Milk Bottles Should
Be Carefully Sterilized
Too much emphasis cannot be
given to the fact that only thorough
washing, steaming and drying pro
duces a sterile container for milk
and that milk should not be allowed
in any other than a sterile container
at any time, and particularly if the
milk has been pasteurized or other
wise heated.
The washing and sterilizing of re
turned empty milk bottles to a city
milk plant constitutes a big problem.
Bottles are received in varying con
ditions of cleanliness and from the
many and varied sources ot collec
tion and it becomes somewhat ot an
accomplishment to make them stem*
containers for milk.
The inoculation from the empty
bottle can be reduced to a minimum
bv thorough washing, steaming and
draining, and as this is possible and
highly important from a health Point
of " view no other method should be
Placing pasteurized milk in a bot
tle which has not been sterilized just
previously lessens the efficiency’
the pasteurizing process and helps
to defeat its purposes.
Farm Facts Given
About South Carolina
Thirtv-nine fine milk cows have
been placed on Charleston county
farms in 1920 by the home demon
stration agent. This is in addition
to forty-eight Placed last year.
There are 192,664 farms in South
Carolina in 1920 as opposed to 176,434
in 1910, an increase in ten years ot
16.230 or 9.2 per cent.
Tom Drake, a seventeen-year-old
farmer boy of Anderson county, pro
duced this year sixteen bales of cot
ton on eleven acres. Crimson clover
as a cover crop is given the biggest
credit in this big Production.
j I Bradham, of Manning, has
sold to the Gonzales farm near Co
lumbia a Duroc boar for $5,000.
boar is a son of the $32,000 JacK
son Orion King, is two years old and
weighs 900 pounds. . a n ntb
The average corn yield in Soutn
Carolina in 1920 will be nineteen
bushels per acre as opposed to six
teen in 1919 and seventeen in 1918.
Bees as a Sideline
Tt was in Missouri that a busy
county agent kept a sideline that
mid L F. Childers lives in the
edge of a small town and in his’back
yard has twenty-five stands of bees
He has worked all over F^® tf ®
county and so have his bees, form
September he gathered 1,600 P°unds
sweet clover honey and m October
900 pounds more, 2,500 pounds in all.
Mr. Childers’ bees harvested what
would have gone to waste just &s i it
is doing on almost every farm eveiy
where. He realized over 200 per cent
on his investment. Bees Flaan
nature, besides adding much to the
pollenization of fruits. Inland
Farmer.
a hoe on the end of the drill that
would leave a high, wide ridge be
hind it. In other words, we would
plant oats in a pretty good deep
furrow even when a grain drill is
US is very good practice to stop
up every other tube of the 8r air !
drill. You can then set your drill
a little deeper and so level a wider
furrow where the oats are
In a mild season, there is nothing
to be gained from planting in the
open furrow. In the average
ter we have two or three
that seriously injure or kill
oat crop if it is planted on the level
or where the oats are sown broad-
Tliere are a number of varieties
of oats which can be planted with
very good success. We would, of
course, confine our selection to stan
dard sorts. The Texas Rust Proof,
the Applei and the Fulghum are all
excellent sorts. ■ The Fulghum is
somewhat earlier and Is a bigger
strawed variety than the other
sorts. Any of these oats will make
a good yield of grain or a satisfac
tory quality of hay.
In planting oats for hay produc
tion, we would be disposed to sow
twenty pounds of vetch with a
bushel of oats. This amount of
seed to be used on each acre. The
hairy vetch, of course, is the best
strain to us.e for this purpose.
In seeding oats we fertilize with
300 pounds of acid phosphate under
the drill row at the time of plant
ing. Use nitrate of soda as a top
dresser at the rate of 100 pounds
per acre in the spring of the year,
preferably about the first of March
in your section of the state.
SATURDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1920.
Good Goat Will Give
Ten Times Her Weight
In Milk Each Year
In Europe the goat is often spoken
of as “the poor man’s cow.” With us
in America the animal has been con
sidered more as an -unfailing source
of ridicule than as a milk producer
of real value. The goat is naturally
adapted for the use of those fami
lies who find it impossible to keep
a cow because of limited space or
an insufficient supply of feed for the
larger animals. There are many sub
urban homesteads and not a few
farms in this country where milk
goats could be kept at a profit. One
animal of good milking qualities will
supply an average family with a fine
quality milk for the greater part of
the year.
How Much Milk? .
About the first question that per
spective goat buyers ask is “how
much milk will a goat give?” A doe
with an average production of 2
quarts a day for seven or eight
months is considered a good animal.
Three quarts is thought to indicate
an excellent animal. Reliable au-
One Good Milk Goat Will Supply an Average Family
thorities say that a good goat will
yield ten times her body weight of
milk annually. The lactation period
covers from 7 to 10 months. The
milk has a special value as food for
infants and invalids. If a family
keeps a milk goat it can be well as
sured of a supply of clean, whole
some food, since it is then possible
to control the sanitation of the dairy
by personal attention.
The esteem in which the milk is
held by those who have used it is
indicated by the fact that it often
retail at 50 cents a quart. Goqt’s
milk can be utilized in all ways that
cow’s milk can, although for some it
is not so well suited. For general
use, for drinking, cooking and in tea
and coffee the milk has proved very
satisfactory. It is not good, however,
as a butter-making material. Good
butter can be made from goal’s milk,
but the operation presents soYne dif
ficulty due to the fact that the cream
rises very slowly. Cheese made from
goat’s milk is very popular.
Most of the feeds that are valua
ble for the production of milk by
dairy cows are also suitable for does.
The advantage for the suburban fam
ily is that a smaller quantity of
feed is required by a milk goat than
by a cow. It is ordinarily consid
ered that from six to eight does can
be kept on the feed required foi
one cow. When does are in milk
they should be allowed all the rough
age that they can consume, such as
alfalfa, clover, or mixed hay, and
corn stover. They should also re
ceive a liberal quantity of succu-
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lent feed—silage, carrots, parsnips,
and turnips answer this purpose.
Corn, oats, bran, barley, linseed-oil
meal, or oil cake are Che grain
feeds best suited for a milk-goat ra
tion. A ration that has been used
and approved by the United States
department of agriculture for the
goat’s milking season consisted of
tWo pounds of alfala or clover hay,
one and a hal pounds of silage or
turnips, anc' from one to two pounds
of grain. The grain ration is made
up of a mixture of 100 pounds of
corn, 100 pounds oats, fifty pounds
bran, and ten pounds of linseed-oil
meal. Where it is possible to turn
the goats on pasture the does should
receive from one to one and a half
pounds of grain per day of this
mixture, with the exception of the
lipseed-oil meal. The department
found that it requires about one and
one-fifth pounds of grain to produce
a quart of milk.
Care in Feeding
Care should always be taken to see
that the feed is clean and of good
good quality. Silage, turnips, and
similar feeds that have a strong odor
or flavor should be fed after milk
ing, and all uneaten food should be
removed from the trough. Some goat
breeders make it a practice to gather
leaves in the fall, and store them
for winter use. This is to be rec
ommended especially to suburban
families who Inay have difficulty
otherwise in securing a sufficient
amount of roughage. The goats eat
the leaves readily, and the material
is also very useful as bedding. If
only one or two goats are kept ths
refuse from the kitchen, such as
potato and vegetable parings, cab
bage leaves, and waste bread, may
be used for . feed. A good supply
of fresh water is necessary, and
rock salt should be kept where the
animals can reach it whenever they
Ir. purchasing milk goats It is
much more satisfactory to observe
the does during their lactation pe
riod. This gives the buyer an op
portunity to study their conforma
tion when they are producing, and
the udder development, which is very
important, can be better considered.
Generally speaking, the marks and
conformation which distinguish a
good dairy cow should appear in a
good doe.
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