Newspaper Page Text
6
NEWS AND VIEWS FOR THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER A
FEW CROPS CAN
BE USED BETTER
THAN COWPEAS
Few crops can ba utilized in as
great a variety of ways as cowpeas.
For centuries they have been grown
for human food in Asia, Africa, and
i» the Mediterranean region of
Europe. In this country, particular
ly in the southern states, the crop is
commonly used for this purpose, but
its most important use by far is in
the feeding of live stock, being util
ized for soiling, hay, silage, and pas
ture. It is also of great value as a
green manure crop to increase the
humus and nitrogen content of the
soil upon which it is grown. These
are points brought out in Farmers’
Bulletin 1153, Cowpeas: Utilization,
recently published by the United
States department of agriculture,
which discusses not only the utiliza
tion of the crop, but the methods of
growing and harvesting it for each
of its various uses.
Cowpeas, according to the bulletin,
are not grown for seed more gener
ally because of the uncertainty of
the crop, the expense of harvesting,
and the comparatively low yield ob
tained. In localities well suited to
production it will, be found highly
profitable to grow cowpea seed on a
large scale, especially if the best ma
chinery for handling the crop is
used. The seed has a high feeding
value, but is rarely cheap enough to
be used as feed. It can be stored
for a considerable length of time
without much danger of loss of vi
tality. As it is subject to attacks
from insects, especially the cowpea
weevil, the seed produced in southern
states should be placed in cold stor
age, the bulletin recommends.
An Excellent Forage
Cowpea hay is an excellent forage
for all kinds of stock. Even the
straw obtained from thrashing the
peas for seed is a valuable stock
feed. As a rule cowpeas should not
t>e cut for hay before the pods be
erin to turn yellow. The best qual
ity is produced and the hay cures
;nost readily if the vines are cut
when most of the pods are full
grown and a considerable part of
them matured. If cut before this
stage the vines are watery and dif
ricult to cure, while if left too late
before cutting there will be an un
necessary loss of leaves in handling,
and the stems will be tough and
voody. The hay is somewhat difficult
to cure, but with attention to the
stage of growth and to weather con
iitions little more trouble will be
■xperienced in obtaining well cured
rowpea hay than clover or alfalfa
aay.
The bulletin recommends that cow
yea hay be substituted in the south
ern states for much of the hay now
nurehased from the north and west.
A yield of from one to two tons to
'he acre can usually be expected, and
frequently under favorable condi
•ions a much larger yield is secured.
Cowpeas alone have not given good
. -esults as a silage crop. In addi
tion to the high protein content, Ihe
reen vine*! contain a large propor
tion of water, producing a watery
diage that keeps poorly and is not
veil relished by stock. The best si
lage is obtained when this crop is
grown with corn or sorghum.
Although pasturing cowpeas is not
••bought the best farm practice, un
der certain conditions it is advisable
end quite profitable. Any kind of
live stock may be pastured on cow
neas, but hogs are generally used.
The best time for turning the stock
on cowpeas is when the crop has
reached the stage of maturity
thought best for hay.
As a soiling crop, the cowpea can
be used advantageously to supple
ment crops with less protein, such as
corn, sorghum, and millet. It is used
more as a soil-builder than any oth
er legume, because it is so easily
grown, has such a marked effect up
on succeeding crops, and thrives un
der a great diversity of conditions.
14 Eggs A Day Now
Instead of 25 A Day
1 —
his Means About $126 Extra In
com* For Month for Mrs. Ropp. J
*T have 200 hens, including late
filets not old enough to lay, and
.d been getting 25 to 30 eggs a day.
hen I tried Don Sung and am npw
siting 107 to 114 eggs a day.”—
irs Essie B. Ropp, R. R. 2, Littles,
~d.
This Increase of 7 dozen a day in
he middle of winter, at 60c a dozen,
akes $126 extra income per month.
:on Sung for her 200 hens cost about
2.50. It paid her, and we guaran
.ee it will pay you.
Give your hens Don Sung 'and
.vatch results for one month. If you
:on’t find that it pays for itself and
pays you a good profit besides, sim
ply tell us and your money will be
cheerfully refunded.
Don Sung (Chinese for egg-laying)
is a scientific tonic and conditioner,
ft is easily given in the feed, im
proves the hen’s health and makes
her stronger and more active. It
,qnes up the egg-laying organs, and
gets the eggs, no matter how cold
or wet the weather.
Don Sung cam be obtained promptly
from your druggist or poultry remedy
dealer, or send 52c (includes war tax)
Co® a package by mail prepaid. Bur
rell-Dugger Co., 214 Columbia Bldg.,
Indianapolis, Ind. —(Advt.)
Mixson’s Garden
Seed
’ Plan now for a good gar
den in 1921 No Farm Crop
brings in as much returns in
proportion to money spent as
the Garden. With Cash crops
low, you will need your gar
den.
For Garden Success plant
Mixson’s Seeds —selected es
pecially for the South —
strong, virile, true to name. !
Our 1921 Catalogue is
fresh from the press, and
there’s a copy for you. Ask
for it today.
W. H. Mixson Seed ,
Company
Charleston, S. C.
I Dept. A.
PEACH&APPLE
TDrrg at bargain prices
I IaELELw to planters
Small or Large Lots by Express. Freight or Parcel Poet
'ear Plum, Cherry, Berries. Grapes. Nut® Shade and
'rnamental Trees. Vines and Shrubs Catalog FREE
ENN. NURSERY CO.. CLEVELAND. TENN
">y •<« at thorate of afoot aminate. L/Th g 5!
tj
Direct Price on the OTTAWA, the One* wheelbarrow. 4-Cyclo Frost Proof En-
Man Saw, the flrat made and Bold direct gine has balanced crank shaft—pulls over BKjf
from factory tooser. Greatest labor saver < H-P. Magneto equipped: no batteries A B, . er-* ■
and money-maker ever invented. Sawa needed. r'l.a-s, levereoutroll-
- - - »P®e«”»*“ lcn edenab!«yoti
! jQS SM
3 /“rrto Loan 0« Power less to operate. When not saw- N “
a Cuts Down trees aairSLOfSDr rowor ing, engine runs pumps, feed Stamp.
■ Patent Applied For Jt-s/ mills end other machinery. Pulley furnished.
I Cash or Easy Payments Shipped
I ~ " "■d.".' from factory. M
■ (JfiHA “ a3OO3VS 'J No waiting—no delay. Lot the U
■ ' Sf nC’iV 1 ■ *»— —w» OXTAWAeawyourlogflandpay Kb
■ .XZiraiKW M 1 ,or (t3clf 03 yoa cro <t- e 'O-VEAR GUARARftS. a
M ' flOnerlan j see th. OTTAWA at work on your farm once 3
B Oui fit 9 and yoa never give it op. Thousand* tn use, H
kyuuti * every owner c booster. Ont-saws any other on the ■
market Send today for FREE BOOK and Special Offer. M
OHAWA MFG.’CO.,'BSS Wasd St, Ottawa, Kant |
* I will 1 III— »i iTrBmNriB»»~IwrM»»BBMIBIW®mTCWnBMWMM«MBM
■Tnw ATLANTA TRI-WEEKLV JOURNAL.
WORLD’S FI NEST STEER
i. 111 111 ’
g I ' - ' H H j
lll''' Im ‘
CHICAGO. —Here is the* cham
pion steer of the world—named
such at the International Live
Stock Exposition here. He was
raised and exhibited by Purdue
University, Lafayette, Ind., and
was pronounced not only the win
ner of tjje show but the finest
Federal Bulletin Shows
Salient Facts on Value
Os Standard Breeding
Raising the standard of farm ani
mals and poultry and bringing out
desirable characteristics by
selective breeding is receiving more
attention as methods of farming for
profit become intensified.
The breding of domestic animals
dates back to remote antiquity,
when the most advanced races of the
old world were still on the border
line betwen savagery and barbarism.
If far antedates any but the sim
plest mechanical arts. Yet while
our knowledge of the laws of na
ture as they apply to machines has
reached very great magnitude and
complexity, it is comparatively only
a few years since the principles of
breeding have been more than a col
lection of unrelated traditional be
liefs.
Old Superstitions Still Current
The. same superstitions on which
the shepherds of Asia based their
practices at least thirty centuries
ago are still widely current, while
the tone sound principle known to
the ancients—selection of the best
for breeding stock—is still widely
neglected.
The principles of successful ani
mal breeding, as they have been
learned by practical experience in
the United States and older coun
tries, and by careful scientific study
along definite lines, are outlined in
department bulletin 905, recently is
s®ed by the United States depart
ment of agricultural
The bulletin goes into the first
principles of reproduction and fol
lows the means by which certain
characteristics of one or the other
parent are transmitted to the off
spring, the methods of selection
best suited to intensify the desir
able characteristics and weed out
the undesirable, the characteristics
which can with certainly be expect
ed to continue from one generation
to another, those which are uncer
tain, those which will blend and
those which can not be inherited.
Aside from mere increase in num
bers the purposes which the breed
er is likely to have in mind fall un
der two more or less distinct heads,
namely, production of a uniform
product, and improvement. A uni
form product depends on such con
trol over the heredity of the stock
that matings can be made with the
assurance that the offspring will be
of a certain definite type for which
there is a demand. Improvement is,
of course, closely related to con
trol over heredity, but the methods
which give the greatest control are
not necessarily those which lead to
the most rapid improvement.
A Basis for Selection
In a broad sense the’ whole sub
ject of practical breeding comes un
der the head of selection. The most
obvious basis for such selection is
the performance of the animals
themselves. Unfortunately, the
merits of most kinds of live stock
can not be measured directly. The
study of conformation as an index
of useful qualities has accordingly
held a high place as a basis for
selection of breeding stock. Live
stock judging has this for its pur
pose. An animal of good breeding
is a better one to breed than one of
equal individual merit but of mixed
or common breeding. Pedigree,
though often misused, is a valuable
aid to selection, apart from follow
ing a general policy of mating. The
soundest basis of all for selection
of breeding stock is the record of
past performance as a breeder, pro
vided the record is sufficiently ex
tensive to give a fair test..
The bulletin gives many valuable
pointers on the selection of cattle
for milk and butter fat production
and for beef; the breeding of sheep
for wool and mutton: of hogs for
pork; and of poultry for eggs and
meat.
It falls in line with the ‘‘Better
Sires—Better Stock” movement of
the department of agriculture, by
which farmers are being encouraged
to build up their flocKs and herds
rapidly through the selection of
purebred sires. The new bulletin,
which contains 67 pages and nu
merous charts and illustrations, is
entitled, “Principles of Live Stock
Breeding.” It may be obtained at
the nominal cost of 15 cents from
the superintendent of documents,
government printing office, Wash
ington, D. C.
Most Fur Animals
Should Be Protected
Generally speaking, it is not wise
to exterminate fur-bearing animals
indiscriminately, say specialists of
the Biological Survey, United States
Department of Agriculture. In most
cases the smaller fur-bearing crea
tures do little damage to the farm*
Often they perform a positive ser
vice by ridding the orchards and
fields of some of their worst pests.
Unless they are found guilty of kill
ing chickens or of doing some equal
ly definite injury, it is far more
profitable to spare the fur bearers
until seasonal conditions will assure
a full value from the pelt.
steer ever shown in twenty years
of these expositions. After the
judging he was sold for $2,380.
He will be butchered and the
meat will Ire sold to Chicago ho
tels for the holiday trade. He
weighs 1,360 pounds—making hie
cost $1.75 a pound, including
bones and hide.
CORN CROP ONLY
PRODUCED ABOUT
$20.93 PER ACRE
WASHINGTON, Jan. 17.—Corn,
king of crops, produced an average
only $20.93 an acre to farmers
based on December 1 farm prices,
while hops produced $486.10 an acre,
according to averages for the coun
try as a whole issued by the depart
ment of agriculture. The value per
acre of ’ hops in 1919 was $874.75,
while corn’s average value per acre
was $38.49. With the exception of
rye, cranberries, soy beans and
sorghum syruy the average value per
acre last year showed heavy reduc
tions from 1919 because of the de
clines in prices.
Wide variation is shown in the
value per acre of the various crops,
while the averages for different
states show a broad range for each
crop. The average farm value per
acre of the important farm crops as
estimated by the department of ag
riculture for last year and for 1919
follows:
CROP 1920 1919
Hops $486.10 $874.75
Cranberries 213.37 184.96
Tobacco 168.05 296.58
Potatoes 127.51 144.58
Sweet Potatoes 116.71 135.03
Sorghum syrup .... 97.56 90.93
Soy Beans 48.42 48.74
Rice 47.75 104.55
Peanu,ts 38.68 65.06
Beans 31.94 59.93
Hay 27.87 32.64
Cotton 25.14 60.62
Buckwheat 24.41 30.31
Grain sorghums ... 24.36 32.80
Winter Wheat 22.83 31.33
Brown corn 21.40 29.72
Cowpeas 21.25 17.80
Clover seed 21.25 42.16
Corn 20.93 38.49
Barley 17. 27.13
Rye 17.57 16.48
Oats 16.61 21.04
Spring wheat 14.08 20.33
Botanist Tells How
To Save Cabbage
From “Black Leg”
BY B. B. HIGGINS
Botamist Georgia Experiment Sta
tion
The so-called “Black leg” disease
of cabbage has been reported from
several localities in Georgia during
the last few years; and it is probably
to be found to some extent all over
the state. It has been known in
Europe for more than 50 years, but
was not noted in the United States
until 1910. Since that time it has
spread until now it is known to
occur in every important cabbage
growing region of the country.
The disease is produced by a fun
gus, Phoma lingam (Tode.) Desmaz,
which seems to be carried over from
year to year and from place to place
almost entirely on the cabbage seed.
When infested seed are sown the
steams of the young plants are at
tacked near the surface of the soil
and the plants are killed outright or
else become pale in color and grow
off very slowly. At the time the
plants are ready to set in the field
the diseased plants may be detected
by this pale color and stunted ap
pearance; and, in many cases, ex
amination of the stem near the sur
face of the soil will show grayish
shrunken patches with the small,
dot-like, black fruiting bodies of the
fungus scattered over their surface.
Later these spots turn black and con
tinue to enlarge until the stem is so
decayed and weakened that the plant
topples over or else 'wilts while
standing.
In one field under observation of
the writer, every plant in the field
was infected and more than 90 per
cent died before maturity.
Apparently no variety of cabbage,
cauliflower or collard is immune to
the disease; and attempts to select
resistant strains have, so far, been
unsuccessful. Seed treatment may
greatly reduce the damage and 'is
the only remedy which has proven at
all satisfactory. '
Soak the seed four hours in water
aad allow the excess water to drain
off, then dip for ten minutes into a
corrosive sublimate solution (1 part
corrosive sublimate to 500 parts
water approximately 1-4 ounce to 1
gallon), wash in clean water, and
after draining the seed should be
planted at once.
Where plants are grown for sale
the seed should always be treated
unless tney are known to be free
from disease.
In the field the fungus does not
live very long free in the soil, but
may live for months on old cabbage
stalks. Such diseased stalks and re-
I fuse should be removed, if cabbage
are to be Planted in or near the same
i nelu the following 1 year.
Tons of Tomato Seed
Are Wanted Yearly
From 1,000 to 2,000 tons of toma
to seeds go to waste each year in
the big pulping plants east of the
Mississippi River. Investigations by
the United States Department of Ag
riculture indicate that they can be
profitably recovered and converted in
to an edible oil and a press cake or
meal for stock feed, with a gross re
turn of more than $85,000 and a net
of about $35,000. Plants would op
erate two months a year on tomato
seeds and might be used for grape
and pumpkin seeds in adition, re
ducing the overhead.
. ■ AND SUCCESSFULFARMING
AwmvM Sovle
The Kitchen as a Work Shop
The aerage housewife spends the
greater part of her time in the
kitchen. If that be true, it should
be the best lighted, arranged and ven
tilated room in the house. It should
be replete with conveniences, and
should provide for as much comfort
of body and peace of mind as is pos
sible for anyone to enjoy. Instead
of being a center of drudgery and a
place to be detested, why not make
it the work shop of the home? It
is indeed a great food laboratory
in which the nutrients needed by the
family are to be prepared and com
pounded in such proportions as will
best insure the satisfaction of the
bodily requirements of boys and girls
and young men and women. It is
the place where study and skill will
bring the greatest possible rewards
to the mother. Let us make it the
most desirable, attractive and pleas
ant room in the house. Some sug
gestions of things which should be
considered along this line have been
prepared and incorporated in a pam
phlet by experts of the home eco
nomics division of the Georgia State
College of Agricutlure. We direct
the attention of our readers to a care
ful consideration of some of the more
important facts set forth below.
A compact, conveniently arranged
kitchen will save miles of walking
and will make the preparation of
food for the familya pleasure rather
than a drudgery. Labor saving
equipment properly arranged in a
kitchen where the work is routed
from one operation to another cuts
the labor in half.
A scarcity of servants and the in
creased cost of living have caused
a larger and still larger number of
housewives to do their own cooking.
They are turning their attention ta
the kitchen as the greatest ojxnor
tunity for Improving the efficiency of
the household. Better equipment for
the kitchen and its proper arrange
ment is one of the best investments
that the housewife can make.
The fact that there are approxi
mately 277,000 underweight children
in Georgia and that they tire found
in the best homes as well as in the
poorest has brought the realization
of the need for well selected food,
properly handled and intelligently
prepared. The feeding of the family
is no longer a hit or miss proposi
tion, but one which calls for careful
study.
The housewife who does not have
a model kitchen or food work shop
to which she may invite her neigh
bors is behind the times. Kitchen
equipment and its arrangement
should command more attention from
the housewife than anything else in
the home.
Clanliness and convenience are the
first essentials of a good kitchen.
Cleanliness requires careful thought
for floors and walls, for the absence
of molding and other dust catchers,
for the closeting of utensils, and for
plenty of sunshine and fresh air.
There should be no unnecessary an
gles, and all surfaces should be as
impervious to grease as possible.
They should be made of such mate
rial that they can be cleaned easily
with soap and water.
There should be placed in the
kitchen to wash the hands, away
from the food and dishes. On leav
ing the kitchen even for a few mo
ments one’s hands come in contact
with doors, chairs, and Cther objects
which may hold germs that are dan
gerous to health. For this reason,
any one handling food should wash
her hands again and again.
Facts to Consider «
Plan to do without a servant.
Make every surface easy to clean.
Plan for convenience in every de
tail.
Have a wash the hands
and the hand towels convenient.
Eliminate steps by proper placing
of permanent equipment.
Group your tools.
Have a place for every utensil and
keep every utensil in its place.
Route your work.
Have a home-made water system.
Don’t bend your back.
Have work table, stove and sink
the proper height.
Provide sufficient light and ven
tilation.
Convenient and adequate storage
space is necessary.
The kitchen floor must be made to
require as little care as possible.
Walls can be made sanitary and
attractive. •
Use labor machinery to do your
work.
Organize your work.
Ask your county home demonstra
tion agent to help you.
The kitchen should be compact in
order to eliminate extra steps, and
there should be a natural arrange
ment of the permanent, equipment
with regard to successive operations
la the cooking processes, so that the
worker goes logically from one kind
of work to another without retracing
steps or crossing the room unneces
sarily. Each utensil should be placed
where it will normally be used, and
there should be a supply adequate to
this grouping on the basis of differ
ent kinds of work to be done. All
equipment should be selected with
the idea of requiring the least pos
sible amount of care.
For each housekeeper who can
have a new kitchen laboratory or
food workshop there are thousands
who must make the old one do. But
there are few among these thou
sands who cannot do something to
the old kitchen to make it easier
and pleasanter in which to work.
As a sanitary measure and a nec
essary convenience for the kitchen, a
waterworks system comes first. No
woman should draw water from a
well, nor lift it the greater number
of times that it has to be handled
in the day’s work. If one does not
have a water system, a simple home
made device for bringing water into
the kitchen is recommended.
This consists of a barrel on the
outside of the kitchen placed on a
support. This barrel is filled witn
water and covered with a lid. In
the bottom of the barrel is a pipe
which carries water to the sink.
This sink is large enough to hold a
dish pan, and of such height from
the floor that the worker can wash
dishes without bending her Back. On
each side is a drain board for con
venience. A waste pipe carries off
the water. Shelves can be placed
beneath the sink for heavy utensils
and above it should be hung the ar
ticles frequently needed there—the
dish-washing and sink-cleaning ne
cessities.
The work table, the stove, and the
sink furnish working surfaces and
working centers for the different
processes carried out in the kitchen,
and should be so related that every
possible extra step and movement is
saved. There is one general princi
ple that is always important in
kitchen arrangement. The stove, the
work table and the supply cabinet
should be grouped so that you have
at the cabinet the storage place of
groceries and utensils from which
the cooking process starts. Then at
your right is the table, the place
where the food is prepared. At the
right of the table is the stove, where
the food is cooked. From the stove
the next step should be to the door
of the dining room.
After the "meal, coming back to
the kitchen from the dining room,
the dishes go to the sink; and from
there to the dishware closet at the
left of the sink. Here again the
dishes for the dining table are close
to the range for serving.
The only crossing of the room is
to get to the refrigerator. Do not
try to save too many steps in plac
ing the refrigerator, because more
work may be saved by keeping the
ice man out of the kitchen if he
tracks up the floor.
In panning the height of work sur
faces, the housewife must know how
to stand in order to work most com
fortably. mixing
bread and preparing vegetables are
done with the arms bent at right
angles at the elbow. If the surface 1
is too low, the body is bent so as to
give fatigue. If the surface is too i
high, the shoulders get tired quickly. 1
Just how many Inches a working
surface "Should be depends on the
height of the worker, and each one !
must make the experiment for her
self. Insist upon sinks and tubs of
the proper height. The plumber will
give them the right height if asked
to do it.
There should always be a high
stool available so that as much work
as possible may be done sitting. The
height of shelves where equipment
is to be put away is also important.
At'oid stooping down and stretching
up high. Put heavy equipment on
lower shelves.
A low working surface means a
crouched, uncomfortable position; it
means unnecessary muscular fatigue.
Work tables and sinks have usually
been set too low. It is easy to raise
the surfaces of tables and stoves by
means of blocks placed under them;
but sinks and wash tubs once set can
only be readjusted at an expense.
In old kitchens it is seldom possi
ble to do much with the window
problem, but where one is building
it is desirable to have windows on
opposite sides to gain a cross current
of air. A window over the sink or
at one side of it admits light and air
where it is generally needed.
It is available wall space that
largely determines where equipment
must be placed. Give yourself wall
space without loss of light by plan
ning high square windows in sets of
two or three.
In screening the kitchen windows
the screen should slide so as to be
adjustable for top or bottom sash.
Then upper or lower windows can be
opened as required. In very warm
weather there is a noticeable cool
ing of air when the upper window
sashes are lowered as warm air that
rises to the ceiling will find a ven
tilating current of air from window
to window.
Self-closing devices are very nec
essary for screen doors, which should
close tightly, and preferably be
latched. Otherwise, they are useless
and make it much harder to get flies
out than if there were no screene.
There should be a screened porch
opening off from the kitchen on the
side which is not exposed to the sun
during the hottest part of the day,
where in warm weather much of the
kitchen work may be done. It should
be large enough to offer a place
where dish towels and mops can be
dried, supplies stored, garbage and
other forms of waste kept temporar
ily the number of times the outside
kitchen door must be opened willbe
reduced and thus the danger of let
ting flies in will be lessened. In
many cases this screened porch will
make a pleasant place
meals in summer when the dining
r °For 'the °dieposal of wastes In the
kitchen there should be »»»■?«
papers, empty cans and other trash.
11?W>nu«
|». a t SnMi 'paTs'hould
be disposed of daily.
How to Handle the Irish Potato
Crop .
D 8., Columbus, Ga.,
1 - nt^ pl ffi S h pla »o: B ome thi2
year, and wish som
sard to preparing the land, and
KI”'Wh d .t f “™et” B do you
recommend and when should
they be planted?
If I contemplated planting fifty
acres to Irish potatoes, I would pre
oare the land at once as carefully
as possible. I would like to enrich it
with Is much well decayed vegetable
matter or yard manure as I could ob
£in Five tons per acre would be
about the right amount to use. I
would pfow the land Immediately and
lav it off in three and one-half foot
rows I would next open a wide, deep
furrow with a turning plow. The
manure and the £e^ il A z ®L y
scattered in the bottom oi tne
trench and mixed with subsoll by
means of a bull tongue. It is de
sirable that the fertilizer and the
manure be kept from coming in di
?ec? U c e ontlct with the potato sets
You may plant either the Red Bliss
or the Irish Cobbler. I prefer the
Irish Cobbler for myself. The pota
toes of this variety are of fine qual
ity, uniform in size and at£ra ® tl „\ e „ r ”
color. They are also good keepers
Cut the potatoes down to two eyes to
a piece and space them two feet
apart the drills. I would cover to
a depth of eight to ten inches. In
ycur section, I would like to get the
potatoes in the ground February
1, if possible, a little earlier. As
' soon as the potatoes sprout, knock off
the tops of the rows with a harrow.
Cultivate frequently so as to con
serve the moisture and keep well hiß
ed. Fight bugs with Paris Green put
on either in the form of a dry or wet
application. This is a very important
part of the game.
I would use a minirpum of 500 to
1,000 pounds of fertilizer under the
drill row containing 3-4 per cent oi
nitrogen, 8-10 per cent of phosphoric
acid and 3-5 per cent of potash. Or
ganic nitrogen will answer very well.
I generally use cottonseed meal, acid
phosphate and muriate of potash
mixed so as to provide a formula oi
the character suggested.
Just as soon as the potatoes are
ready for shipment, get them under
way. Select and grade with care and
begin now to locate a satisfactory
market. If you cannot find an im
mediate market for them, pack them
up in boxes and keep them in a cool,
shady warehouse to be sold out
when the marketing conditions are
more favorable. There is often a
glut in the potato market for a few
weeks, whereas the local markets
may become comparatively bare
thirty days later.
Bad Feeding Causes
Most Calf Ailments
Most calf ailments are due to im
proper feeding or insanitary condi
tions, or both. Keep the calf out of
cold rains in winter as much as pos
sible and provide a dry, well-bedded
stall at night.
Provide nature’s tonics—exercise,
sunshine, pure air, abundance ot
fresh water, and a variety of fed
—and there will be little need for
medical attention. It is better to
prevent the ocurrence of disease
than to be under the necessity of
curing it afterwards.
Observe the calf at all times. If
it should appear drowsy, feverish,
stiff, or sluggish, act quickly. Re
duce feed at once, and the disorder
may be in large measure prevented.
Keep salt before calf at all times.
An abundant supply of fresh water
should be available always.
Some of the commoner ailments
■ can be treated by following instruc
tions which are contained in various
bulletins and publications of the
United States department of agri
culture. In case of serious illness,
consult a competent veterinarian at
once. Do not delay.
HAMILTON RIFLE
1000 SHOT /
ALL STEEL/ WE GIVE ''
MAGAZI HI/ T O a ®.° Ys
Choice of jsix Guns (on four
AIR Zs easy plans) for selling our Ms- NN. SHOT
RIFXE/X gic W«vH>-Leae st only V< RE,, A E i A n iM &
25c Box. WETHUSTYOUI r
Order Six Boxes On Postal Card— V \
Ai/p 1 * We send promptly. Repaid! Ee>y to Sell— ;Jk C'
the Healing Ointment needed in every home’
Sell at once, return money, as we direct,
/ choosing your Gun according to one of the
ans 6^own * n our S'g Premium List 200
Gifts• Or Big Cash Commission! Just for wOK
•Sy promptness a Free Gift —So Order Today!
WAVERLY SUPPLY CO. 2H TowitrW*, MonongtheUP*
THURSDAY, JANUARY 20, 1021.
Average Farm Woodlot
Produces Crop That
Many Farmers Overlook
iHs
r"SH. .1
. afsa
Cutting a Profitable Crop from the Farm Woodlot.
Wheat, corn and potatoes require
planting, care and cultivation. The
crop of wood that grows on the farm
woodlot requires much less care than
these others and in the majority of
cases it is already growing on the
farm when the farmer takes the land.
Doubtless this fact makes it difficult
for the farmer to see this crop in
the same light in which he regards
the others. Any other farm crop
must be cared for or it will fail,*and
the stand of wood on the woodlot is
no exception, though the progress
of deterioration is not so rapid and
may extend over a long period of
years.
Require Different Methods
A properly cared-for woodlot will
furnish the farmer a cash crop at.
regular intervals and will always
afford a supply of timber and fuel for
home use. The harvest season for the
woodlot comes in the and in the
winter, and the gathering of the har
vest assists also in the thinning and
cultivation of the crop.
In general, there are two types of
woodlots, says the United States de
partment of agriculture, and each of
them requires a different method of
handling. The first type is charac
terized by the presence of old trees
whfleh dominate the stand. The sec
ond type is made up of a nearly even
aged stand of second growth.
In the first type the old trees may
almost exclude the younger growth,
or they may exist as a few scattered
individuals throughout the stand.
Such material is very likely to be los
ing value. The way to check the loss
is to cut the old trees which have at
tained a mature growth and make
room for a new stand of seedlings.
A mature tree should be cut for the
same reason that one cuts a crop of
wheat when it is thoroughly ripened.
No dead or diseased timber should be
allowed to stand.
A woodlot composed entirely of
mature trees should not be cleared
at one cutting. The work should
be carried on in Stages with suf
ficient interval between the cuttings
to allow a new crop to come up. If
this method is followed carefully,
the farmer will always have a crop
of wood ready for harvest in his
Woodlot. When the mature timber
is removed in two or three cuttings,
the first cutting should be so man
aged as to open up the crown cover
somewhat, so that the leaves on the
forest floor may decompose more
rapidly and the germination of the
seed be made more certain. The re
maining trees become more windfirm,
and, as a result of their crowns re
ceiving more sunlight, they produce
more seed. When the forest floor
is in good condition the second cut
ting in a mature woodlot can be
made during the winter following
a heavy seed year. Neither the first
nor the second cutting should be
so severe as to allow an abundance
qf sunshine to reach the forest floor,
since sunshine stimulates the growth
of weeds and other trash. When
the seedlings are well established
and are strong enough to shift for
themselves without further protec
tion, the third cutting may be made.
Thinning the Stand.
In the second type of ufoodlot,
where the farmer has an even-aged
stand of second-growth timber, he
may begin to harvest his crop by
selecting, first, the undesirable I'
— 7 I ■
IARLY JERSEY WAKEFIELD H if fej H H CHARLESTON LARGE TYPE
THE EARLIEST CABBAGE 6ROWH WAKEFIELD 2d
I FROST PROOF
CABBAGE PLANTS
WITH
One Year’s
Subscription or Renewal
to
The Tri-Weekly Journal I
ACCEPT THIS OFFER! I
$1.50, the regular price of the South’s Greatest Paper, gets
you a Full Year’s Subscription—and One Hundred Hardy,
Early, Pedigreed CABBAGE PLANTS of the Famous “Frost- ‘ ■
Proof’’ Tyne.
These Splendid Plants Will Mature Heads Two to
Three Weeks Earlier Than Home-Grown Plants.
They Will Double Your Profits.
TAKE YOUR CHOICE! |
Y’ou may select any one of the fofir varieties sli/iwn here.
No mixed orders. Name one kind. Quick shipments guaranteed.
USE THIS COUPON!
Atlanta Tri-YVeekly Journal, K-i
Atlanta, Ga. '
I am inclosing $1.50. Send me your
naper for one year. Also send me FREE
t jj e Joo Frost-Proof Cabbage Plants.
(Variety B
Name I
Postoffice |
EARLY FLAT DUTCH S ° fSt
FOU.OWS SUCCCJSIOM. , TLAT HEAD VARIETY.
species. Often in such stands, such
trees as ironwood threaten to over
top, crowd out, or damage the more
valuable species like white ash or
tulip poplar. Sprouts sometimes
arise too thickly from the stump of |
trees recently cut, or the reproduc
tion of a good species is too dense.
In any of these cases some of the
trees should be removed. This proc
ess is nothing more than the weeding
out of the poorer individuals where
they interfere with the better ones.
In somewhat the same manner, an
thinning cutting is used when, in
from fifteen to twenty years, the
young stands reach a dense condi
tion. The principle is exactly the
same as that applied by the 'truck
gardener who thins out his plants
to secure the best development of a
portion, rather than a poor develop
ment of the whole. Crowding at
the beginning Os the trees’ growth
means a high commercial quality of
timber, provided the crowding is not
allowed to continue after the lower
branches dies. The thinning process
is productive of cordwood, post ma
terial and poles!
Soye Bean Becomes
Important U. S. Crop
The soy bean has become a crop
of special importance throughout
the country, which is indicated by
the large acreage devoted to it in
1920 and the increased interest in
the possibilities of the seed for food
and for oil. The introduction of
varieties by the United States de
partment of agriculture has been
largely responsible for extending the
growing area, of the crop not only
in the north 'and west but in the'
extreme south. I
During the past year the Man-
S F r? 3 ERh By Prepaid Express—Order NOW— ,
> &3 • I T Our first quality, fhardy northern*
■.'J !c ' sea rriPPR ( iHinP" lJr>. grown grass seed, famous for its frost
lq£ro * piQ 5 and drought resisting qualities. High
gfeß Kj® 3 fen and strong in germination. Our price about two-thirds below last year, but
S| Eq R H now tending upward. Order EARLY. We pay all express or freight charges;
nJ K-d BH bags free. Specials: Alsike and Timothy mixed $5.85 per bu.; Alfalfa $12.90 bu.;
Sffi 3JH Medium Red Clover $13.50 bu.: Alsike sl6 bu.- Timothy $3.95 bu.; Sweet
’M-iTS! Clover $4.50 bu.; Sudan Grass BJ4c per lb. As seedsmen of many years expert*
kdtatiaH Vi at ir ence we have carefully graded and tested these seeds. We guarantee them to
be as represented, or your money back. You must be satisfied. We are not connected or associated with any other house
selling direct to farmers. Order TODAY or send name for price list and full particulars. Use attached coupon. Address
WORLD SEED CO., Dept. 10., 123 W. Madison St., Chicago o£23oj_ Biddle
I enclose $ for (kind of seed).(quantity) „ I
or mail me full seed information, price list and free samples.
Name . —— County -—, , . .—■■■ I
Town _ ... ... . ’ State |
S ROOFING CUT TO J One Bi* Slashing FREE SAMPLES! We sell direct to you- (ft — --A —I
S SAME PRICE ASBE- Cut bril ?^ 9 P r ’ce ot TO TEST I °nd we pay the freight.
B TORP T T IF WAR Genuine “Ever- “ ~ ’ Send TODAY for Free
| ■r vrnc t- A f IE/ VYZVIV .. I wear’* Roofing Samples a: d Cut Price aon Fence and Roof-
■ down to about the same price it was before ing. Address,
| WHAt" HAPPENED |v.« ... ««< FE "“ g
k IN 1919 "prices went down Dept. T oavannan, U 3.
fl ■■■.—■■ j n 1919—and then tf 7 * <-
I went higher than ever before. Now—while •. rff A V~
| prices are at the bottom—is the time to buy
g all the fencing and roofing you need. / rTBr
FIREPROOF— ’’Everwear" Roofing is j ta 1
I CAN’T RUST I Fireproof. Guaranteed. « I 1
L? nainting. Easy to nail on. Metal cutting , / jEj ryl |ip
and hammer furnished with all orders | | B|/4eiß 9 B ’ r .
darin, Easy Cook, Aksarben, and
Hoosier were placed in trade in the
northern states. In the south, the
Otootan, Laredo, and Biloxi are be
ing widely grown.
Send No looney
Don’t miss this chance to cut your tire cost AC
50% and more. We eh id at once on up- // 1
proral. These are standard vta-ce used PdKtZ II I
tires, excellent condition, eelected by out /
experts—rebuilt by expert workmanship,
Can readily be guaranteed for 0000 miles. i
NOTE:Thesearenotaewed,togeth. ;
er tires — known as double treads. l/grtN -i *
SEE THESE PRSCESuars j
Size Tires Tubes Size T— i
80x3 .$5.50.41.60 34x, .0 ».Ts.42.6ob<Ea>
30x314 6.50.. 1.75 84x414. 10.00..
31x314. 6.75.. 1.85 35x414. 11.00.. 3.15 fW
32x314 . 7.00.. 2.00 36x434. 11.50.. 3.40 S
31x4 . 8.00.. 2.25 35x5 . 12.50., 3.50 KSgK.
32x4 . 8.25.. 2.40 3Sx5 . 12.75., 3.65 KBS/
33x4 . 8.50.. 2.50 37x5 . 12.75.. 3.75 IzSSS I 1
LUQITC Remember, we guarantee your I\BlX< \l -J
VvIIII lb perfect satisfaction. Pay only It ft
aWrrival. Examine and judge for your- VlijC \v4
self. If not satisfied—send them back at YVaZ \M
our expense. We will refund your money(jsS> \
without question. Be Bure to state size VMZ w
wanted—Clincher, S. S.. Non-Skid, Plain. ’jsSZ, j
CLEVELAND TIRE AND RUBBER CO?
31C5 Michigan Ave. Chicago. HL
Direct from Factory to Vou
ALL SIZES ANO STYLES
2rf, 4, 6,8,12,16. 22 and 30 H-P.
at proportionately Low Prices. Above price
for 2 H-P. ia for engine complete on skids ready
to use. From Pittsburgh add $5. Quick shipment.
Write or wire for Big New Engine Catalog FREE.
Witte Engine Works
2*57 Oakland Avo. KANSAS CITY. MO.
2*57 Empire Bldg. PITTSBUBCH.RA.
GERATY’S PROOF
CABBAGE PLANTS
12 MAILED FREE
To prove how 53 years’ selection has in
creased hardiness and yield. Guaranteed
frost-proof to 20 above zero. Plant 4to
6 weeks earlier than home grown plants.
Bead 2 to 4 weeks earlier. By Parcel
Post prepaid; 100, 50 cents; 500, $1.75;
1,000, $3.25. Special prices on big lots.
Cash with order. Nothing shipped C. O.
D. Hardy, field grown tomato, and
sweet potato plants at same prices in
season.
Wm. C. Geraty Co., Yonges Island. S. C.
your 1921 “Ranger’’
at once. Earn money f«»r the Rmaii
monthlv payments on Our Easy Pay- I
ment Plan. Parents often advance
colors and Fires tn a« v ri’W" IKjKAi
Delivered FREE on 30 DAYS TRIAL. WWC
Select bicycle and terms that suit- IfiXgyS
cash or easy payrr-ents. Ex. prepaid. L -*