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THE TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL
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THE TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta, Ga.
The Splitting Ufa of Russia
WHILE many of the evils of Bolshevism
have been widely heralded, one of its
far-reaching and destructive results
has received relatively scant attention: we
mean its disintegrating effect on that union
of provinces and peoples v. ’.ich In the earlier
phase of the revolution bade fair to make a
great Russian republic, knit up of autono
mous but closely federated states. Vast re
gions with ...illions of inhabitants, ranged
from the Baltic to the Caspian Sea, have bro
ken away from Russia and dissolved into units
with no common political tie, whereas they
might have been held together for construc
tive co-wor! ' not only amongst themselves,
but also v t of Europe and the
world. Because of this disunion the prob
lems of the time are more difficult and the
years ahead be ess ha* • far H’ln
if the spirit and method of co-operation had
prevailed.
It is often assumed that these divers states
—Esthonia, Lithuania, Lkrainia, Georgia,
Transcaucasia and the others —seceded from
Russia simply because there was no central
authority strong enough to hold them. The
likelihood is, however, they would have re
mained willingly within the Russian republic,
loyal to its common weal, zealous in defense
of its common liberties, had there been a fed
eral government in any wise worthy of their
confidence and mindful of their rights. Such
was their manifest wish in the days of the
Provisional Government under Kerensky, and
such their attitude remained until the insuf
ferable ills of Lenine’s regime forced them to
complete separation.
A most interesting array of evidence to this
end is presented in September Current His
tory by that unprejudiced student of Bolshe
vism and disciple of the broader Socialistic
principles, Mr. John Spargo. In the critical
summer and early autumn of 1917 the chief
aim of the Bolsheviki, he says, was “to crip
ple the democratic Revolutionary government
at every point, even though they w r ere per
fectly well aware that in so doing they -were
incurring the risk of destroying the machin
ery, political and economic, upon which they
would have to rely when they seized the reins
of government, as they all along intended to
do.” It was to combat this political sabotage
that a national conference of workers was
held at Moscow in August, 1917, to consider
how the serious decline in production might
best be checked. In that connection there was
thorough discussion of relations of the sundry
geographic and ethnic groups in Russia to the
country as a whole. “It was made manifest,”
writes Mr. Spargo, “that there was no con
siderable demand for separation from Russia
in any of the border provinces The repre
sentatives of Esthonia, Latvia, Ukrainia,
White Russia, Georgia and other Transcau
casion districts testified, with hardly an ex
ception, that what they wanted was not sep
aration from Russia but a generous autonomy
in a federative Russian republic.”
Particularly significant was the declaration
of the spokesman for the Georgian people,
who, far distant though they were from the
Russian center of government, stood loyal to
the common cause. Said he: “The nations
of Transcaucasia have not made a single move
toward secession, nor do they contemplate
any in the future.” That the non-Russian na
tionalities within the republic should have
free use, each of its own language and cus
toms, and equality of civil rights, he insisted;
but he was equally earnest in advocating a
council to deal with problems concerning the
general interest, “in which the representa
tives of all the nationalities of Russia will
participate.” Likewse, the delegate of the
Lettish people avowed: “Not only do the
Letts not desire to secede from Russia, but
they do not even care to have any border Jine
between the two territories. They strive to
unite the territory inhabited by them, which
they regard as an autonomous part of the
whole.” So, too, for the Esthonians their rep
resentative declared: “It has always been
our fondest dream that Esthonia become au
tonomous, yet united to all Russia by feder
ation.” This ,in the summer of 1917, was
the prevailing sentiment; and in September
of the same year, while the Bolshevist coun
ter-revolution was stealing on, there was held
at Kiev a great conference of Russian nation
alities —Lithuanians, Letts, Esthonians, Jews,
Ukrainians, Cossacks, Georgians, Tartars —
who united in asserting that
“Russia must become a democratic
Federal Republic. There must be form
ed a council of representatives of nation
alities which is to cooperate with the
Provisional Government . . . Legis
latures are to be convoked in order to
THE ATLANTA TRI-WEEKLY JOURNAL*
establish the mutual relations between
the members of the Federation and the
Federal organ.”
Moreover, even after the Bolshevists had
seized the reins at Petrograd and the outlook
was all darkly confused, the Ukrainians de
clared, November 20: Without separating
from the Russian Republic, we take our stand
firmly on our lands, that with our strength
we may hold the whole of Russia and that
the whole Russian Republic may become a
federation of free and equal peoples.”
How great and goodly a union might have
been formed from these once fraternally
minded constituents! What a power for pros
perity and concord and progress a United
States of Russia would have been! But no
sooner did Bolshevist rule get fairly under
way than its alienating influence on the prov
inces grew apparent, along with its virulent
sting to the entire nation’s life. It drove
them to separation, when they were eager for
brotherhood, and so set at naught one of the
most splendid opportunities of human history.
Much has been written of the astuteness of
Lenine and his fellow adventurers. Cunning
they doubtless are and rarely versed in mob
chology; but wise they can not be, for no
statesmen of vision would ever hove thrown
psychology; but wise they can not be, for no
them like a gift from the skies.
Georgia s Hog and Hominy
INTERgSTING history and cheering pros
pects unite in the report from Moultrie
that South Georgia has at least twenty
five per cent more porkers this autumn than
last. The increase is ascribed largely to
fore-sighted farmers who, instead of hazard
ing time and labor in a crop which the boll
weevil was certain to assail and fickle mar
kets likely to betray, turned prudently to the
production of food staples.
For many such there was no need of the
warning in the late reverses of cotton; years
ago they learned how much better it is to
diversify and build up the land by well-bal
anced agriculture than to stake all on a sin
gle crop which drains the soil to impover
ishment. But there were many more to
whom the unhappy experiences of the past
twelvemonth came as an arousing revelation.
Seeing the misfortune w’hich befell thousands
and the calamity which came to some from
having trusted too largely in cotton, these
farmers turned the lesson to good account.
They wrought with an eye to crib and smoke
house, determining that whatever bechanced
they would be independent in the matter of
food supplies. They availed themselves of
scientific and business counsel, planting with
regard to the nature and quality of their
particular fields and to the markets of their
region.
The results are seen but partly in the in
creased output of grain, forage and food
animals. Most important are the steady self
reliance which the production and possession
of these stores begets, the sounder system of
business as well as of agriculture which they
make possible, and the prosperity that will
ensue. Many a man and many a community
will pass from a credit to a cash basis as
this sort of farming progreses; many a re
source that has lain neglected will be turned
to goodly adcount. So widely is Georgia’s
welfare bound up in this as distinguished
from one-crop agriculture, that every in
fluence of the State’s forward-thinking forces
should be mustered to the encouragement of
the hog-and-hominy producer.
The Turco-Greek Tug
KING CONSTANTINE’S paean over the
fall of the Turk now appears to have
been a bit premature. A fortnight or so
ago, as Athens reported it, the Greek forces in
Asia Minor were moving swiftly in the direc
tion of Angora, the Turkish nationalist capi
tal, with high assurance of winning this, their
chief objective. But now, according to ad
vices which, though coming byway of Con
stantinople, are taken as true, the Greeks
have suffered a serious reverse along the
Sakaria river, in the path of their confi
dent advance.
The right wing of their army, says a
French correspondent, “has been cut off from
the main body, the enemy having taken the
offensive and driven them across the river,
with the capture of prisoners and guns.” To
what extent Mustapha Kemal can follow up
this advantage is yet to be seen. His com
mand numbers hardly fifty thousand troops,
and those out meagerly equipped, if
Greeks say aright; but he at least has put
his adversaries on the defensive, brought
their line of communication into jeopardy,
and silencea for the nonce King Constan
tine’s exultation.
Upon this tug between Greek and Ottoman
the European Powers have looked with un
easy passiveness, calling it the “private war”
and declining to take sides. The drift of
popular sympathy has been with the Hellenes,
partly from traditions and partly from a wish
to see Turkish opportunity for persecution
cut to the barest minimum; indeed, there is a
wide-running belief that whatever befalls the
Seljuk Turk, he will be receiving no more
than historic justice.
At the same time there is a suspicion that
Constantine, after his tortuous and graceless
role in the World War, may be engineering
the present adventure in hopes of repairing
his broken prestige. And if that suspicion be
true, thos« entertaining it argue well that
this is a poor time for the play of royalist
ambitions. Greece, by all rights and all pro
prieties, ought to be a republic; as such shd
would have few censures upon efforts to re
cover from the Turk territory that is tradi
tionally hers.
How Congress Has Responded
TOUCHING the prerequisites to “a re-
vival of business activity,” President
Harding, in his message to Congress
last April, laid prime emphasis upon “a
prompt and thoroughgoing revision of the
internal tax laws.” The country applauded
his counsel and looked to the Republican
majority to translate it without undue delay
into measures of substantial relief. There is
no good reason why that hope should have
been disappointed. Both the House and the
Senate were beyond challenge under control
of the Administration party. The breach
between the executive and the legislative
functions, which had proved so grave a
hindrance in the preceding Congress, was
closed. Power was unified, opportunity
clear, responsibility fixed. Could circum
stances have been more favorable to action?
But byway of fulfillment and relief, what
has the country received? With two-thirds
of the year gone and with Federal tax bur
dens pressing hard upon business and peo
ple alike, the Republican majority is lit
tle nearer carrying out the Presi
ient’s advice than when he first ut
tered it. Instead of promptness there has
been dawdling; instead of faithful and fruit
ful stewardship, there have been pettifogging
and evasion. After months of such slacking,
in which other urgent matters have fared aa
ill as tax revision, the Party in Power, fa
tigued by its own inaneness, takes a vacation.
“One might think,” remarks the New York
World, “that an economic situation in the
United States in which there are millions of
men out of work might appeal to the Sen
ate and the House to be an Incentive to ac
tion. The only form the appeal takes, how
ever, is an incitement to Congress to quit
work and join the rest of the unemployed,
the difference being that Senators and Rep
resentatives draw pay for loafing.”
Such is the response to President Hard
ing’s good counsel; such is the efficiency of
the “Party of Business;” such the reward of
those who turned their back on Wilson and
Democracy,
GLANDS AND NERVES
By H. Addington Bruce
INCREASED emphasis is being given
nowadays to the part played by disturb
ances of the thyroid, adrenal, and other
glands of internal secretion in causing nerv
ous symptoms. Even when there is reason
to suspect an underlying psychic cause —wor-
ry, grief, etc. —glandular treatment may be
found extremely helpful.
In such a case the probability is that the
worry or grief acts, in the first place, to dis
turb the functioning of some gland or
glands. This malfunctioning would then
serve to intensify or prolong any direct un
favorable effect of the psychic state on the
nervous system. Correction of the glandular
trouble would in that event assist in restor
ing nerve control.
Certainly, whatever the mechanism in
volved, experience has shown that some nerv
ous patients stand much in need of gland
therapy. For example:
There was brought to a Washington phy
sician, Dr. T. A. Williams, a girl of eleven
having a singular history. Until a short time
before, she had seemed normal in every way.
Then she began to lose interest in her studies,
of which she had been fond; developed a ten
dency to lie and deceive, and suffered from
involuntary grimacing movements of the face.
Knowing that a condition like this is often
produced by emotional stresses, Dr. Williams
at first sought for a possible psychic cause,
but in vain. He then tried treatment by diet
ing and by exercises designed to give greater
control over the facial muscles. This was
equally to no purpose.
Finally the girl’s mother reported that her
daughter had developed a new and alarming
symptom, in that she was becoming unac
countably drowsy and would frequently fall
asleep even while at work or during a meal.
In addition she was showing a rapid and
abnormal increase in weight.
This pointed directly to mal-functioning of
the pituitary gland, and treatment to correct
this was at once begun. To quote from Dr.
Williams’ report of the case:
“The child recovered completely in a few
months, and now, six years later, is active,
comparatively thin, and captain of her school
basketball team.”
In another case a young woman suffered
from severe headaches and dizziness when fa
tigued, a strange tendency to blush excessive
ly if at all embarrassed, and a “stringlike”
pain round the heart, with a rapid pulse and
high blood pressure. Yet repeated medical
examinations disclosed no adequate organic
cause for these symptoms.
For six years they persisted, or until the
discovery was made that the young woman’s
thyroid gland was overfunctioning. Prompt
ly she was put on a rest treatment, and
given medication to lessen the thyroid activ
ity. From that time she showed increasing
improvement in all the symptoms that had so
long troubled her.
Underfunctioning of the thyroid has like
wise been found responsible for nervous
symptoms, as also mal-functioning of the
adrenal and other ductless glands. So that
today there can be no doubt that, in an ap
preciable proportion qf cases of “neurastha
uia,” glandular troubles of one kind or an
other enter as either a direct or a contribu
tory cause.
(Copyright, 1921, by The Associated News
papers.)
THE CHEERFUL MURDERER
By Dr. Frank Crane
There are cheerful murderers.
Just as there are cranky, gloomy and dis
agreeable parsons.
Unfortunately the traces do not follow the
virtues, always.
It is a pity that beautiful women are not
all good, and the ugly ones all bad, so that
a man could tell.
But, “quite the contrary,” as the French
man said who had been terribly seasick, and
was asked by a fellow passenger if he had
breakfasted.
As a matter of fact, grace, charm and love
liness have no moral contents, and whether
they be good or evil depends on what is be
hind them.
And what we ought to get from this fact
is not that vice ought to be exposed and
made ugly—that were an impossible task —
but rather that goodness should be made
pleasing, which is entirely practicable.
If the Puritan, instead of suspecting all
joy, would learn to put it on, he would be
more rational.
If the respectable members of the Ladies’
Aid society of the Second Presbyterian
church, instead of arguing that the beauti
ful lady who had just come to town must
be a bad woman because she dresses in good
taste and has expensive lingerie, would
themselves try to improve their appearance
and .ender themselves more charming, they
perhaps might help along the cause of the
Lord more.
There is a murderer in France by the
name of Landru. He was a sort of Blue
Beard and seemed to have committed his
crimes right and left.
The correspondent for one of the Paris
papers tells of visiting him in Versailles.
The correspondent was surprised to find
that, instead of a fierce-looking monster, he
was one of the most agreeable persons in the
place. He was much more pleasant than the
ordinary chicken thieves and porch climb
ers.
He was well dressed, soft spoken and good
mannered.
In his cell he devoted himself to medita
tion and to reading. What his meditations
were you can only imagine, but they do not
seem to have disturbed his equilibrium to
any extent.
Although he had no money, and was sub
ject to the strict regime of a convict, he had
accommodated himself very well to the order
under which he served. His health was
flourishing and his spirits were lively.
According to his jailers, Landru was the
most courteous, polite and pleasant spoken
of all the sojourners in the house.
Whenever a guard visited his cell he never
failed to accompany him to the door, inquire
as to his health, and wish him all good
speed.
While all Paris was sweltering in the
summer heat Landru was enjoying himself
in his nice cool cell.
(Copyright, 1921, by Frank Crane.)
WHEN WE WERE TOGETHER
Once when we were both together,
Spring came to our courtyard. «
“Let me in,” he cried.
He had brought for us in
of his gladness, *
Lyrics of new leaves.
I was busy with my fancies, you sat at
your spinning,
He went back unheeded.
Suddenly w started when we saw his part
ing shadow
And his remnant roses.
Now you are away, beloved, Spring comes
to our courtyard.
“Let me in,” heicries.
He brings for me Titful shivers of the noon
day shadows,
Dove’s unmated coolngs.
I sit idle at the window and a phantom
spinning
Spins to me sad dreams.
Now that spring has for his gift the gift of
secret sorrow
He has doors all open.
RABINDRANATH TAGORE.
DOROTHY DIX TALKS—THE IFFERS
BY DOROTHY DIX
ARE you an Iffer?
You know the tribe, for they con
stitute a large portion of society.
The lazy, idle, incompetent chap who
drifts from a poor job to one still poorer,
but who always says: “I should be a great
success and worth ten thousand dollars a
year in any big office IF I could only get
into the right thing.”
The lazy loafer who hangs around country
stores and city pool rooms and swaps dirty
stories with other loungers, while his wife
takes in boarders to support him, and who
tells you. “I should have been a millionaire
IF my rich uncle had only set me up in busi
ness as be should have done.”
The shiftless storekeepers, too lacking in
enterprise to even keep their shops clean,
who assure the world they would have been
shining lights IF they had only gone into
some profession; and the chronically tired
lawyers and doctors who have not energy
enough to keep up with their professions,
who do not hesitate to declare that they
would have been merchant princes IF only
they had gone into commerce.
The ignorant and illiterate who would
have been brilliant and intelligent IF only
they had been to college in their youth.
All the down and outers who would have
done marvelous things IF only they had had
any chance in life.
The women who would write great books
or paint great pictures IF only they had
time.
The lazy, selfish, women
who lie on the bed and eat chocolate and let
their houses be as filthy as pig stys and poi
son their families on bad cooking, but who
says: “I simply can’t do housework, but I
would work my fingers to the bone IF I had
something artistic to do like being a grand
opera singer, or acting in the movies.”
The virago whose temper makes life a pur
gatory for her husband and children but who
says: “I would be as amiable as an angel IF
it wasn’t for my poor nerves.”
The weak mother whose children are the
terror of the community, who says: “I know
that Johnny and Mamie should be controlled
and taught to obey and I would do it IF
they didn’t have such sensitive dispositions.”
And so on, ad infinitum. You know the
whole aim of self-excusers take refuge under
IF, which covers more sins than the justly
famous mantle of charity. It’s so easy to
say that IF conditions had been different you
would have been different, and after you
repeat this statement enough times you come
to believe it yourself.
But isn’t true once in a million times. The
individual who cannot rise superior to his
environment, who cannot fight his way out
of-any place in which he finds himself, would
simply have been a cumberer of the ground
wherever he was put by fate. The also rans
in Poverty Flat would have won no races in
WILL THE CATTLE TRAIL COM E BACK?—By Frederic J. Haskin
DENVER, Col., Aug. 29.—A heard of sev
eral hundred cattle recently reached
this city from a ranch hundreds of
miles away by the same method that cattle
were brought to market in the days before
the railroads were built.
Althougth a rail route was available, and,
although it would have gotten the cattle in
a fraction of the time they actually occu
pied fn getting here, this herd was driven
overland as millions of cattle were driven in
the early days. Half a dozen cowboys, with
a pack outfit to carry their supplies and
beds, drifted the cattle slowly across the
mountain and plain, letting them graze there
every evening, “riding herd” upon them
every night to guard against theft and stam
pede, carrying out every detail of the tech
nique that was evolved when the whole weet
was one vast open range without a rail
upon it.
It was a restoration of an ancient and
picturesque scene, but it was not staged for
any sentimental reason. These cattle were
driven to market overland for the good prac
tical reason that they were in that way
brought to their destination for about one
fourth of what it would have cost to ship
them by rail. It looks as though inordinate
ly high freight rates might bring back into
use the “long trail” over which the nation’s
beef traveled to market under its own power
for more than half a century.
The cowboy is such a typically and tradi
tionally yankee figure that many Americans
do not realize that the American cattle busi
ness is really Mexican in its origin and moved
slowly from the far south to the north. In
the early part of the last century there -were
no cattle in all of the west north of the Rio
Grande. Down in old Mexico, on thd other
hand, there were enormous herds of scrubby
longhorn stock which had been introduced by
the Spaniards many generations before.
Meantime a hungry yankee civilization
was growing up in the eastern half of the
continent. Cattle were raised on the eastern
farms, but not nearly enough of them to feed
this growing nation. Enterprising yankees
down in the southwest began to see that
there was a future in the raising of cattle in
the west for sale in the east. Accordingly
they began stealing- the herds of the Mexi
cans, bringing them across the Rio Grande
and founding herds of their own in Texas.
They not only found it easy to steal cattle,
but they also found that when these cattle
were brought north they grew larger and
fatter than ever they had on the hot south
ern ranges.
When Beef Was Cheap
It was easy to get the cattle and easy to
raise them, but reaching the market was an
other matter. Attempts were made to drive
them across to Louisiana and sell them, and
also to from gulf ports to eastern
markets, but all ,of these attempts failed.
When the Civil war broke out the plains of
Texas were swarming with cattle for which
there was no market. Their owners had un
limited beef, but very little money. You
could buy a cow for a dollar.
During the war these herds were forgotten
and multiplied untended. After the war the
plains swarmed with unbranded cattle worth
little or nothing. Men of foresight hired
cowboys and began rounding up and brand
ing this wild stock. It was exciting busi
ness, for the cattle were as wild as deer. A
cow or calf belonged to the man who could
put his brand on it first. Incidentally, the
way was prepared for the long war between
the rustlers and the cattle barons which
presently began. Soon the men who had be
gun early had great herds under their own
brands, while the newcomers had none.
They wanted to continue the business of
branding stock whenever it was found un
branded. Owners of cattle chose now to re
gard this as theft. Hence a war which con
tinued for a quarter of a century.
Meantime the herds pushed steadily far
ther and farther north. The cattle trail
which led across the Rio Grande and the
plains of Texas was steadily extended north
along the eastern edge of the Rocky moun
tains. And as the herds moved north, the
markets for cattle increased and with them
the value of cattle. The great transconti
nental railroads were now building and had
founded western terimini at Dodge City,
Wichita, Newton and other towns in Kansas.
These became shipping points for cattle, and
incidentally they became about the wildest
towns that ever graced the earth. Besides
stockyards and cattle shutes, each of them
had whole streets of saloons, gambling joints
and dance halls, established for the enter-
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1921.
Millionaire Row. The poor boy who stays a
poor boy in this country would merely have
been a rich man’s son if he had been born
on Easy Street.
We delude ourselves when we believe that
we would be successful, or famous, or
wealthy if circumstances were altered. If it
is in us to achieve, we alter the circum
stances ourselves. The weakness that makes
us fail at one thing would make us fail at
another, for the price of success is the same
at every counter. You must pay for it with
endless labor, with self-control, with grit and
patience and endurance, with everything of
brain, and brawn, and heart that is in you.
That is the only legal tender that the high
gods recognize, and when you pass that out
they give you back in exchange whatever you
ask of them. And there is no IF about it.
And if you have not these qualities, if you
are lazy and shiftles, and a quitter, and
afraid of hard work, and if you are high-tem
pered and selfish and irritable, and hard to
get along with, you will fail. You have not
the price of success. There is no IF about
that, either.
In reality, our success in life depends al
most wholly upon ourselves. Nobody can
help us much. W’hat we have we must go
get for ourselves. A rich and benevolent
philanthropist can make us pensioners upon
his bounty, or open a door for us occasion
ally, but that is about all. The balance we
must do for ourselves.
The'men and women who occupy the
seats of the mighty did not wait for some
one to come along and boost them into high
places. Edison didn’t say he thought he
would like to invent something IF someone
would come along and send him to the In
stitute of Technology. The Schwabs and
Rockefellers and Carnegies didn’t feel that
they might make a fortune IF some one
would put them into a good business. The
famous writers didn't wait for leisure and
quiet, and perfect conditions before putting
pen to paper, and they didn’t depend on
some stranger getting what they wrote into
magazines. They all rolled up their sleeves
and went to work to get for themselves the
thing they desired. There was no IF to
their programs.
So if you are getting to be an IFFER,
don’t. Cut it out. Quit making excuses to
yourself. Buck up and do things instead of
camouflaging your failure. IF is the brand
of weakness, of cowardice. It is the hall
mark of the slacker. It is the confession
that you have not the strength to stand
alone and do a man’s or a woman’s part in
the world. Don’t make it. Eliminate IF
from your vocabulary, and achieve things
instead of explaining to others why you
failed.
Don’t be an IFFER!
(Copyright, 1921, by the Wheeler Syndi
cate, Inc.)
tainment of the cowboys. It was during the
brief but lurid career of these cow-towns
that the romantic tradition of the wild, re
volver shooting cowpuncher, who has filled
so much space in the magazines and popular
novels, was established. From the literature
of the subject one would imagine that the
whole west was a carnival of gun play. As
a matter of fact, the wild and woolly stuff
was mostly confined to these few towns and
lasted only a few- years. The cattlemen of
the whole west converged upon these towns,
sold their stock and set out to spend their
money. The result was Inevitable. You can
get it anywhere turning loose a large num
ber of men with money to spend, whisky to
drink and no wives to make them behave.
Every dance ended in a gun fight. Men rode
their horses into dance halls and saloons and
and shot out the lights. Profesisonal bullies
went about challenging each other to battles
to the death. Life was as violent and spec
tacular as a third rate movie.
The Long Drives
Besides the cow-towns, the other great
market for beef was the Indian reservations.
The government by that time (in the seven
ties) had rounded up most of the Indians and
put them on reservations, and whisky and
consumption had not yet reduced their num
bers greatly. Hence Uncle Sam had thou
sands of Indians to feed, and he fed them
largely on beef. Probably the longest cattle
drives and the most profitable ones were
made from the southern ranges to the Indian
reservations in Montana and the Dakotas.
Some cattlemen with political pull would get
a contract to deliver a certain number of
three-year-old beef steers at a point in Mon
tana on a certain day. He would organize a
trail outfit, go down into Texas or Mexico
where cattle were cheap, buy his steers, and
drive them half the length of the continent.
It was in these long drives that the skill of
the cowman was seen at its best. Rivers had
to be forded, Indians fought, buffalo herds
kept away from the cattle, stampedes check
ed. The cowboy on these drives was no
loose and drunken fellow, flourishing a gun.
He was the skillful custodian of valuable
property.
Os course, the old days of the long trail
will never come back. There are a thousand
fences across it. But the passing of the cow
boy theme has been a little over-written.
There is still thousands of men who can
throw a rope and hog-tie a steer as well as
ever it was done. The western cowman still
knows how to drive cattle long distances and
get them to the market in good condition,
too. Unless freight rates drop there will
probably be many long drives in the next few
years.
QUIPS AND QUIDDITIES
A groom was giving his master’s son some
lessons in riding and teaching him how to
handle a hunter when taking a fence.
The young man was a very apt pupil and
the obstacles he encountered were so easily
surmounted that the groom became lavish in
his praise of the fine horsemanship dis
played.
Fired with ambition the novice essayed a
very difficult fence, with the result that horse
and rider parted company.
The groom, wishing to soothe wounded
pride, remarked, in tones of admiration.
“That was a very fine jump, sir, and just the
way I do it myself, sir.” Then, after a
pause, he added: “Only I always manage to
take the horse with me!”
J. D. Rockfeller, Jr., said in a Y. M. C. A.
address: “The successful business man to
day is the one who know how to choose his
managers. A successful modern business is
too vast for an. one man to handle. So man
agers are essential, and if these managers
are badly chosen, failure follows. The un
successful business man is apt to depute
authority to such creatures as young Corn
Husk. Young Corn’s daddy sent him to the
mill one day to try and sell the season’s wheat
crop. Corn got hold of the miller and sub
mitted a handful of wheat to him. The miller
examined the wheat carefully. Then he said.
‘How much more has your father got like
this?’ ‘He ain’t got no more like it,’ young
Corn Husk answered. ‘lt took him all morn
ing to pick that out.’ ”
Around the World
Tri-Weekly News Flashes From All Over
the Earth.
Collections Drop
Internal revenue collections from all
sources during the fiscal year 1912 decreased
more than $81,000,000 as compared with the
previous year, while the cost of collection ad
vanced from 55 cents to 88 cents for each
SIOO collected, according to a preliminary
statement issued by Commissioner Blair.
The increased cost of operating the inter
nal revenue service during 1921 which
amounted to about $40,000,000, he explained,
was due mainly to reduced collections and in
creased expenses in supervising regulatory
laws.
Total < Elections for 1921 amounted to $4,-
595,000,765 against $5,407,580,251 in 1921
while income and profits taxes yielded $3,-
225,790,653 compared with $3,956,936,003,
the previous year and miscellaneous taxes
produced $1,369,210,112 against $1,450,644,-
248 in 1920.
Income and profits taxes represented near
ly 70 per cent and miscellaneous taxes 30
per cent of total receipts during 1921 com
pared with 7 a per cent for income and profits
taxes and 27 per cent for miscellaneous taxes
during the previous year.
Receipts from the national prohibition act
during 1921 were $2,152,083 as compared
with $641,0’29 collected during the previous
fiscal year. In addition Commissioner Blair
esitmated that collections made by the jus
tice department from fines and forfeitures
for violations of the act would approximate
$2,500,000. |
New York, with a total of more than sl,-
000,000,000 produced the most federal reve
nue among, the states, and Pennsylvania was
second with nearly $488,000,000.
Huns Must Pay
Germany must pay for the American live®
lost on the Lusitania and satisfy all other
claims of the United States and its citizens
for war losses caused by the ex-kaiser’s gov
ernment before German property now held by
this government will be returned, Thomae
W. Miller, alien property custodian, an
nounces.
The present German government, Mr. Mil- 1
ler pointed out, has agreed to this in the new,
treaty with Germany, but he emphasized that
no steps toward the return of the German
property will be taken until actual payment
has been made of all just claims by the Ebert t
government.
The American claims against Germany, in
cluding indemnity for dependents of those .
who were lost when the Lusitania was sunk,
total $300,000,000. In addition, Germany
owes the United States $250,000,000 for the
maintenance of the American army of occu
pation. z
The value of German property held by the
alien property custodian is now about $400,-
000,00 0 due to depreciation of secifrities and I
due to the fact that some of the holdings have !
been returned, Mr. Miller said. About $150,-
000,000 of the property has been turned back
as the result of court decisions. The state !
department, it was learned today, is now at 1
work on a compilation of all claims against
Germany. Most of the Lusitania claims al- '
ready have been filed by families of those 1
who were lost in the great sea crime, which
was in large a measure responsible for Amer
ica’s entrance into the war.
French or German?
Seven or eight thousand French citizens in
Alsace and Lorraine are amazed at the dis
covery that they are married to German
women, reports the Paris correspondent of
the London Times.
Under the peace treaty they became enti
tled to French nationality, and they had the
right to assume that under the civil code
their wives became French also. Not at all. j
An obscure section of the schedule of th®
peace treaty provides that where a woman of
German, Belgian, Italian, or even French ori
gin married an Alsatian or Lorrainer at any |
date before the armistice she became German,
and she remains German today unless she
claimed trench nationality before January 15 i
last. |
In ignorance of this provision, thousands
of women have failed to comply with it. Thus !
it comes about that a French woman who j
married a German in 1913 now finds herself
in the odd situation of being the German wife
of a Frenchman. Husbands and wives are i
both naturally indignant at the eccentricity i
of the peace treaty, which is certainly not
calculated to make peace in their homes. On
Sunday a demonstration is to be held at j
Strasbourg to demand an extension to Jan
uary, 1923, of the period in which these un
lucky women can claim French nationality* I
I
Historic Tree
To mark the two hundredth anniversary
of known data in connection with the “Wit- l
ness Tree” of the Donegal Presbyterian ;
church of Lancaster county, Pa., the Amer- i
ican Forestry association announces that thn
tree is giveufa place in Trees’ Hall of Fame. ;
The nomination is made by Martha Bladen
Clark.
The Witness Tree chapter of the Daugh- j
ters of the American Revolution has unveiled .
beside the tree a monument and tablet. This
tells how the congregation of the churck l
gathered under the tree 144 years ago next |
month, when they heard Lord Howe was com
ing to invade Pennsylvania, and “pledged
loyalty to the cause of liberty.”
Clerks Strike
After five weeks’ durati&n the general
strike of Czech and German bank clerks in
Czecho-Slovakia, which involved altogether
about 17,000, has come to an end with the
defeat of the strikers, reports The Man- i
Chester Guardian correspondent at Vienna.
The cause of the trouble was the demand
of the Czech bank clerks for the grant of
the same service regulations as at the German
banks, where the commission’s clerks enjoyed
farreaching rights, and where notice could
only be given in a few specified cases. The
Czech banks refused to fulfill these demands,
and the clerks ceased work, whereupon the
clerks in the German banks, in order to sup
port their Czech colleagues, refused to car
ry through transactions with the Czech,
banks, where the strike had been proclaimed.
The managers of the German banks cancelled
their service regulations and discharged all
clerks iefusing to carry out orders.
The Czech and German banks resolved on
no account to give way, and finally the clerks
were compelled to resume work without ob
taining any concessions. On the contrary,
the terms of the resumption were very hard.
A number of the leaders of the strikers were
discharged, the commission’s personnel lost
its former powers, leave was suspended until
the arrears of work are overtaken, and over
time will not be paid.
Royal Ponies
The famous six cream ponies, which were
formerly part of the state pageantry of Lon
don, will never appear again drawing the
royal coach through the London streets, as,
owing to in-breeding, the stock has grown
too small for ceremonial purposes, and their
nlaces have now been taken by the “royal
blacks.”
The stock of creams, however, will not
be allowed to die out altogether, for the
King has presented them to the Army Coun
cil, and in future they will be used as caval
ry drum horses.