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THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER AND THE MODERN HOUSEWIFE
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
BY DR..ANDREW M. SOULE
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION IN I
GEORGIA
Education as it pertains to agri- (
culture and home economics is, re- (
ceiving commendable attention and (
consideration in Georgia. It is but :
natural that this should be the case i
in a state the chief wealth of which ■
is derived from the cultivation of ;
the soil. Povision has been made ■
for instruction in agriculture in the j
public* schools of the state by direct '
legislative enactment. Emphasis is (
also being directed towards the (
teaching of those subjects which are I
correlated with home making, so
that the boys and girls who are to i
be the future inheritors of the land ;
in Georgia may be possessed of a I
well-balanced calculated
to prepare them for the discharge of
the duties of citizenship in an ac- (
ceptable manner.
The state also maintains and sup
ports twelve district agricultural
and mechanical schools. These are
organized on the basis of four-year
high schools. The courses have been
so arranged as to help prepare the
boys and girls enrolled in these in
stitutions to make the most out of
their local environment. While they
act as feeders to institutions of high
er learning, and primarily to the
Georgia State College of Agriculture,
they are preparing and returning to
the farm homes of the state by far
the larger part of the students who
enter.
The state of Georgia was one of
the first to accept the benefits ac
cruing to secondary education in ag
riculture and home econmics under
the terms and provisions of the
Smith-Hughes Act. Teacher-training
courses were immediately establish
ed in the Georgia State College of
Agriculture, and already there are
about 75 secondary schools in which
vocational instruction in the above
subjects is being carried forward. A
large number of boys and girls are
being reached by these courses and
effective work is being done in di
recting the attention of a fair pro
portion of the rising generation to
the possibilities which lie ahead in
the fields of agriculture and home
development work.
The schemes of agriculture and
home economics education in Geor
gia was rounded out in 1907 by the
reorganization of the Georgia State
College of Agriculture. This institu
tion is located at Athens, Ga., and
constitutes a part of the University
of Georgia, though the welfare work
it has in charge is under the direc
tion of, a separate board of trustees.
Students of this institution partici
pate in all the activities of the Uni
versity and enjoy all its benefits.
Athens is one of the most prosper
ous, healthy and towns
in the south. The, atmosphere is
that of a college community. The
social conditions and the religious
advantages are of the very best. It
is altogether a delightful place in
which to live and it affords students
privileges and opportunities seldom
found in a town of 25,000 people.
The colege itself stands on Lumpkin
Hill, a place distinguished as the
home of a former governor of Geor
gia. Someone has said that from its
elevated position the college over
looks the state of Georgia, which it
has taken for its campus. It is well
within the truth to say that its in
fluence radiates from the center to
the circumference of the state and
exerts a benign influence upon the
agricultural progress of Georgia. It
is like a great dynamo, if you please,
charged with fundamental informa-
How To Raise
Baby Chicks
Put Avlcol In the drinking water
Most people lose half of every hatch,
and seem to expect it. Chick cholera,
or white diarrhoea, is the cause.
An Avicol tablet In
the> drinking water will
i save your chicks from
all such diseases. With
in 48 hours the sick ones
will be lively as crickets.
Mrs. Wm. May, Rego,
Ind., writes: “I was los
ing 10 or 15 chicks a
JU
t
I
v
jC - ' J
1
day from diarrhoea before I received
the Avicol. I haven’t lost one since."
It costs nothing to try Avlcol. Use it
for preventing or treating white diar
rhoea and all bowel diseases of poultry.
If not satisfied, your money promptly
refunded. Sold by druggists and poul
try remedy dealers, or mailed postpaid
for 25c. Burrell-Dugger Co., 417 Co
lumbia Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind.
JfSB Potash for
Side Dressing
For side dressing cotton, corn and other
Southern crops.
200 pounds Kainit, or
; 125 pounds 20 per cent Manure Salt, or
y 50 pounds of Muriate of Potash,
furnish the same amount of Actual Potash
which is so profitable in preventing cot
ton rust and in increasing the yield of
cotton, corn and general crops.
These are the three Standard German
Potash Salts that have been used for gen
erations to great advantage in the South.
Having planted the crop, one cannot afford
to let it starve. A good side dressing may
make all the difference between success
and failure.
Try it and you will find that
POTASH PAYS
Soil & Crop Service, Potash Syndicate /J
H. A. Huston, Manager \
42 Broadway New York City <
...
the Atlanta tri-weekly journal
tion as related to agriculture and
home economics, that is constantly
sending new impulses throughout
the length and breadth of Georgia.
The college is supported out of
state funds, and in order that it
may function adequately it is stress
ing three types of work. First, resi
dent instruction; second, research;
and third, extension teaching. It is
impossible for an institution of this
type to render effective service to
its constituency unless it is working
along the three distinctive linds
enumerated. While much has been
done to develop a new type of
leaders, the state still needs thou
sands of well-trained men and wom
en to direct the activities of its
farms and the homes connected
therewith. It is gratifying to ob
serve that the interest in the in
structional work which the college
has in charge is increasing from
year to year. At the present time
students may specialize along the
lines of agriculture, agronomy, ag
ricultural chemistry, horticulture,
animal industry, poultry husbandry,
agricultural engineering, dairy hus
bandry, veterinary medicine, forest
ry, home economics, agricultural
education, and cotton industry.
Courses are offered leading to the
degree of Bachelor of Science in
Agriculture, Batchelor of Science in
Home Economics, Bachelor of
Science in Forestry, Doctor of Vet
erinary Medicine, and Master of
Science.
The registration for the present
year approximates 1,100. Os this
number more than 635 are enrolled
in the regular courses. The facili
ties for instruction are very good,
though they are in need of constant
enlargement because of the rapid
growth in attendance. The teaching
staff has been selected with care,
and numbers in its ranks a good
many of the most distinguished and
best known scientists in the south..-
The most modern and up-to-date
methods. of teaching are pursued.
Laboratory courses are emphasized
very particularly and excellent equip
ment has been provided for this
purpose. The courses are conceived
on a broad basis, and the thorough
preparation of all students before
they can enter is required. Careful
attention and consideration are giv
en to the cultural subjects and to
the fundamental sciences, because
the aim and object of the institu
tion is to turn out broad-minded,
scholarly, and thoroughly-trained
technical experts. Men and women
of this kind alone are capable of
making the correct impress upon
the public mind and furnishing the
type of leadership now so essential
along the lines of work in which
the Stafe College of Agriculture
specializes. Every effort is made to
see that the students are surround
ed by the most wholesome and help
ful of influences, that they grow
and thrive and develop in an at
mosphere of inspired idealism.
While adequate facilities for re
search work have not been provided,
a good deal of energy has been ex
pended in this direction. Among the
worth-while accomplishments has
been the development of College No.
1 cotton. This variety has a staple
approximating an inch in length,
yields a relatively high per cent of
lint, is a large boiled strain, and
matures about two weeks earlier
than any other variety with which
it has been compared in our field
tests. This means that its cultiva
tion in many localities will do much
towards insuring a fair yield of cot
ton in the face of the most severe
boll weevil infestation. Os course,
skill and care must be exercised in
relation to its cultivation and man
agement to insure a profitable re
turn to the land owner. On the
other hand ,if the bolls set’ on two
weeks in advance of the time when
the weevil ordinarly becomes most
active and destructive one-half bale
or more of cotton per acre can be
successfully harvested. The funda
mental importance of this variety of
cotton to the state of Georgia and
the south as a w hole is but little
appreciated as yet, bu it is assured
ly a fact of surpassing importance
and should convince everyone that
scientific plant breeding constitutes
one of the chief agencies through
which we may hope to minimize boll
Weevil damage.
The college of agriculture institut
ed and directs the soil survey work
in Georgia. As a result hundreds
of facts of essential importance to
farmers were first brought to light
and then correlated. These re
searches have demonstrated that we
cannot use fertilizers by rule of
thumb, but that we must vary the
formulas according to the needs of
the crop and the type of soil on
which it is to be produced. The
savings which may be effected and
the increased yields which may be
obtained through the intelligent ap
plication of the facts gathered as a
result of this soil survey work has
already added millions of dollars to
the annual income of our farmers.
Through the agency of the col
lege farm it has been shown that
live stock industries can be organ
ton country.ized and conducted on
a profitable basis in the very heart
of the cotton country. In other
words, a practical illustration of
what is meant by diversification has
been carried forward successfully
for the last fifteen years. In that
time the adaptability of many of the
leading breeds of livestock has been
demonstrated and hundreds of ani
mals distributed throughout the
the state, thereby improving the
quality of our livestock quite ma
terially. As an evidence of the prog
ress made, Georgia now possesses a
large number of purebred herds of
cattle and hogs of exceptional qual
ity, and which have won national
recognition. In addition, the rasing
of hogs on grazing crops is now a
recognied industry# and Georgia now
stands seventh as a producer of
swine. There has been a great re
vival and expansion of interest in
dairying. Cheese factories and cream
eries have been established at many
points ,and the state bids fair to her
rightful place in the dairy world
at an early date.
The home economics division has
centered its attention upon nutrition
studies and has helped materially in
arousing the people to the fact that
many of our children are under
weight and suffering from minor de
fects which can be easily corrected.
The transformation which has been
made in the physical characteristics
of hundreds of children as a result
of this work is truly amazing. The
very nature and disposition and
potentialities of many of them have
been changed. It is a piece of wel
fare work of the utmost importance,
and the college is indeed proud to
have had the privilege of leading
the vanguard along this line in Geor
gia.
In the extension field notable serv
ice work has been done. The 200.
men and women county agents now
at work have been in the truest and
finest sense agricultural mission
aries, distributing information where
it was most needed, helping the peo
ple to organize and direct their en
ergies along constructive lines, to
combat diseases successfully, to
eliminate waste, to institute newer
and better methods of practice, to
secure better varieties of plants and
a more desirable type of farm ani
mals. Their efforts have been in
strumental in adding very consider
ably to the wealth, happiness, com
fort and prosperity of thousands
upon thousands of Georgia homes.
The Georgia State College of Ag
riculture was one of the first insti
tutions to appreciate the importance
of organizing boys’ and girls’ clubs.
The initial effort was made with
corn, and excellent results were se
cured. Later work was added for
girls. At the present time there is
a good sized army of boys in Georgia
enrolled in corn, sweet potato,
wheat, peanut, pig and calf clubs.
The girls are working along the lines
of gardening, canning, nutrition,
sewing, home decoration and im
provement. It is difficult to imagine
the beneficient results flowing from
the activities of 25,000 Georgia boys
and girls capably led and inspired
to direct their energies along the sev
eral lines enumerated. That it is
creating a new vision in the minds
of these youthful people cannot be
gainsaid. That it has greatly ampli
fied the horizon of their knowledge
is equally true. That it has made
of them more efficient and worth
while citizens is self-evident. That
they are ultimately destined to be
come a new creative factor in the
life and destiny of the state of Geor
gia is apparent to every thinking
individual.
Our extension division is reaching
and touching the, lives, more or
less closely, of more than 100,000
people annually. It has proved to
be a great constructive, uplifting,
dynamic ..force, and it has conferred
benefits which cannot be easily com
prehended upon the 75 per cent of
our people who live out in the open
country, and upon whose success
the continued prosperity of the state
ultimately rests.
The motto of the college is “To
Serve,” and its brief history indicates
that the efforts of its trustees, its
corps of teachers and field workers
have been consecrated to a consis
tent exemplification of the idealism
expressed in these words.
The Limitations of 801 l Weevil
Damage
N. G. B„ Greenville, N. C.,
writes: We wish to get ready
for the coming of the boll weevil
by encouraging diversified farm
ing and live stock. There is an
idea that the boll weevil will not
go above the 25th parallel, and
I would appreciate your opinion
in this matter. We wish all the
information we can secure so we
can use the best method we can
find in fighting the weevil.
There seems to be no doubt but
that the boll weevil eventually will
infest all parts of the country in
which cotton is grown. The chances
are that the damage along the line
which constitutes the northern lim
it of successful cotton production will
be much less than further south.
There will be years when the win
ters are unusually mild, however,
when the weevil will establish itself
in this territory and do a good deal
of damage for a year or two. An un
usually severe winter following will
kill it out, as it were, and set it back
for the time being. Tljis has been the
history of the infestation in certain
counties in Arkansas and Oklahoma,
and there is every reason to believe
that we will have exactly the same
experience here in the eastern states.
Dies at Eighty Years
Near Place of Birth
PORTSMOUTH, Eng., fa ay 6.
Mary Ann Carr, who was born in
the cockpit of Nelson’s ship “Vic
i tory,” near the spot where the
famous admirdl fell, has just died
( here at the age of 85.
Her memory of the early days
I aboard the ship was fresh up to
I within a few days of her death.
She once saw a sailor flagged. The
! picture of the man suffering re
! mained vivid in her mind through
her long life. Only once did she
see such a sight for on other occa
sions she was sent ashore to be
spared the spectacle.
AUNT JULIA’S COUNCIL
A Friendly Meeting Place for All Tri-Weekly Journal
Readers
THE LETTER BOX
FOR THE BOYS AND GIRLS
“Help for the Helpless—Kindness to
AH Dumb Things”
Rules
No unsigned letters printed.
No letter written on both sides of
paper printed.
All letters not to exceed 150 to 200
words. ,
Dear Children: I am going to list
here some of the memorable dates
in May. Do hope that you will be
interestetd and if you have an en
cyclopedia at your command will
look these things up, you will find
them most interesting.
Let me hear what you know about
some of these things.
Lovingly,
AUNT JULIA.
May 1, 1898, Dewey destroyed the
Spanish fleet at Manilla.
May 1, 1865, Battle of Chancel
lorsville.
May 5, 1864, Battle of the Wil
derness.
May 7, 1915, Lusitania sunk.
May 13, 1607, First English set
tlement in America, at Jamestown.
May 19, 1794, Cuba discovered.
May 20, 1775, Mecklenburg, N. C.
Declaration of Independence.
May 24, 1883, Brooklyn bridge
opened.
May 30, 1431, Joan of Arc burned
ata the stake.
P. S.—Lillian Vaughan: Have dis
cussed your letter with our editor
and he agrees with me that you
would get no results from publish
ing it in the Iteter box; small adver
tisement in the paper would serve
you better.
Another good story came in, so
I’m giving it to you.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: May we
enter your happy band? We are two lit
tle countr ygirls from south Georgia. We
both study the seventh grade and are trying
our best to pass to the eighth this term.
Gladys is thirteen years of age and fair.
Eula is fair and fifteen years old. Now,
if any of you little girls or boys of our
ages stay lonesome, like us, and wish to
correspond with two little girls, just send
your letters to
GLADYS REGISTER,
EULA CHERRY.
Route 3, Hahira, Ga.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: After
reading your nice letter asking that some
of the cousins write a little story about
some of the woods, folks and flowers, de
cided I would try writing one. Hope it
meets with your approval. The title is:
“THE BLUE BIRD AND THE DAISY”
There was once a little bluebird that
came every year to build her nest in an
old mulberry tree that stood in the yard
of an old tumble down, forlorn-looking
house, which was situated in a large forest.
One year, after she had came and already
started her nest, two naughty boys came
by the old house. One of them held in
his hand a slingshot. And he said to his
companion, “Watch he hit that bird in
yonder tree.” And before he had hardly
finished speaking he pulled back and flung
a stone at the bird, and the poor bird
came tumbling to the ground.
“Oh!’’ said they, “it’s noly a dead bird,
so why should we worr.” And they went
on their w’ay, little thinking what they
had done. But the poor bird was not
dead, but su&ering terrible pain.
Now, down by the roots of hte tree stood
a little daisy, almost hidden by the grass.
She and the bluebird had long been friends,
and had shared each other’s joys and sor
rows for quite a while. And now that the
little bird was in so much pain, it knew
nowhere to go only to the little daisy.
So it went and rested its little beak in the
flower’s bosom and died.
Before I go let me say that if this is I
printed, let all who may read it try never I
>to be cruel to dumb creatures. For if God 1
had not loved them they would never have
i been put on this earth. So let’s try to
I remember our motto that is at the top of
■ our letter box column.
I Well, I will go and give space to a ;
more gifted writer. Will say I am a little :
! girl, ten years old. Hopeing to see this in I
i print and with many good wishes to Aunt ’
Julia and the cousins, I am. an old cousin,
MATTIE ETHEL BLISSETT. !
Route 1, Box 28 .Adrian, Ga.
Alliance, N. C., March 30, 1922. ,
Dear Aunt Julia and .Cousins: Will you '
please admit two fcirl chums from eastern j
North Carolina into your happy band of I
boys and girls? Maude and I have been si- !
lent readers of the letter box for quite I
a while. We enjoy reading the letter box ,
i best of all. We are in school today liav- :
ing a fine time, fitting over in the corner.
Just wish Anne Julia and all the cousins
i were with us. We would sure give all of
you a fine time.
All you cousins write to us. We will an
swer all letters and cards received. We
I want to see which one will get the most
letters.
| Maude has black hair, blue eles and dark
complexion. Gladys, has brown hair, brown
1 eyes and light complexion. We are both
sixteen years of age.
With best regards to Aunt Julia and
Cousins, from your two new cousins.
(MISS) MAUDE MARTIN,
I Grantsboro, N. C.
(MISS) GLADYS KEIB.
| Alliance, N. C.
I Dear Aunt Julia: Will you admit an Ala
i bama girl into your happy band of boyh
j and girls?
I What do you cousins do for pastime now
days?
I I guess your schools are out. Mine was
out last Friday. Now I can crochet and
tat. How many of you girls know how to
do fancy work?
I am seventeen years old. How many of
you consins have my birthday, January
31th.
If any of you cousins care to write me
all of your letters will be appreciated, and
I will answer every card and letter re
ceived.
Your new cousin,
KATE HOOMES.
Route A, Brewton, Ala., Box 156.
Dear Aunt Julia: Here comes an Ala
bama girl to join your happy circle. Will
you please give me a seat, for I'm very
tired ?
What do you boys and girls do for past
time? I plant flowers and try to keep the
chickens out of them but please remem
ber I have a bad time.
Do any of the cousins, also Aune Julia,
like to go to Sunday school? I do and go
every Sunday.
I guess all of you like to go to scljool.
I like it very well. I only went two
months this year. I studied the ninth
grade.
Your new cousin,
CORA WHITE,
Route “A,” Box 155.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Oh! I
guess you all are guessing who has come.
I am one of many lively kids of old Geor
gia. Oh! Who has been to the woodland
and gathered the pretty violets and listen
ed to the birds sing. I think the mocking
bird is the prettiest singing bird of the
many beautiful birds you would see on
your trip. He will bring back to you mem
ories of the fun you had at your last year’s
picnic, or the fishing trip you took. So I
think all of us will protect the harmless
birds in the future. Don’t you? I am
very fond cf pictures. I have lots of pret
ty views of mountains and rivers of north
Georgia, and would be glad to exchange
views with any of the cousins. Lots of love
to Aunt Julia and the cousins.
EVERETT HUNT.
Marietta, Ga., R. F. D. 5.
Dear Aunt Julia: Will you please let an
ex-soldier join your happy band of boys
and girls for a few minutes? My age is
between twenty-five and forty, I will an
( swer all mail received. Please print this.
I Aunt Julia, if you think it worthy of space;
! if not no one will be disappointed, but
J. M. STOCKS.
■ Eldorado. Ark., R. F. D. 1, Box A-180.
- Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Will you
j please let a lonely Florida boy Into your
I happy band of boys and girls? I have
been a reader of the letter box for a long
' time and think it is fine. I will be glad
( to get letters from the cousins, and will an
( swer all received. Lovingly, your new
I cousin.
JOHNNY J. HOWARD.
I Athens, Fla.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Will you
i please let a lonely ex-soldier boy into your
I happy band of boys and girls? I have long
■ I wanted to be a member of your happy band.
but could never pick up enough courage to
THE QUESTION BOX
FOR EVERYBODY
Rules
1. All questions must have full
names and addresses signed. If it
is desired that names do not appear
in the paper, add your’ initials or
some chosen name in addition to
your full name.
2. All questions must be written
on ONE SIDE of the paper only.
3. No legal or medical advice can
be given, either in the Question Box
or by personal letter.
4. All letters requiring personal
reply MUST inclose stamped, self-ad
dressed envelope.
5. Letters for the Question Box
MUST NOT be included in letters for
Aunt Julia’s Letter Box. The ques
tions must be sent separately and
must be addressed to Aunt Julia’s
Question Box, The Atlanta Tri-Week
ly Journal, Atlanta, Ga.
Dear Folks: I am so glad always
to have the mothers write me about
their little folks and if I can help,
you may believe that it does me a
lot of good, too.
Now, I am giving a very short
list of books to Mrs. Webb. These
are suitable for reading to two and
three-year-old kiddies. If you have
a library commission in your state
all you have to do is to write to the
librarian and ask that these or other
good books for children or yourself
be sent you. The price you pay is
the postage for returning the books.
If you are in Georgia and not in
touch with either county serving or
city library write to Miss Templeton,
Library Commission, State Capitol,
Atlanta, Ga. She will be delighted
to help you. If you have any ques
tions that you think I can answer
helpfully, remember that’s what our
Question Box is for. Cordially,
AUNT JULIA.
Mrs. F. E. Webb: The things that
you sent me I could not recognize
so I submitted them to the state ge
ologist and he says they must be
fish teeth.
Here are a few names of books
that would be interesting to your
little folks:
“.For the Children’s Hour,” by Bai
ley.
“Fifty Famous People,” by Bald
win.
“Pretty Polly Finders” and “Twi
light Town,” by Blaisdel.
“Mother Goose Village” (particu
larly good; has delicate spiritual
turn), by Bingham.
“Little Folks of Many Lands” and
“Christopher Columbus,” by Chance.
“Wigwam Stories,” by Judd.
“Story of a Wretched Flea” and
“A Chinese Boy,” by Muller.
“Eskimo Stories,” by Smith.
If you will send me a stamped, ad
dressed envelope I will be glad to
add to this list, it was suggested to
me by our librarian who has made a
special study of children’s reading.
Blossom: Blue will bring out and
deepen the color of blue eyes, and
it is also extremely becoming to
black-eyed people, for the latter un
' less the complexion is very sallow
I nearly all shades of yellow are be-
J coming. Brown-eyed people as a
rule look well in browns, yellows
and some shades of blue, from light
to Belgium. When it comes to the
darker colors the browns are most
I becoming.
Possibly your hair is too dry; of
I course, I couldn’t say positively
I just from your description. A good
I shampoo like Mulsified Cocoanut Oil
i is fine for hair that is too dry. Brush
lit regularly. From your description
I of the shape of your face to do your
| hair softly and make the knot in
I an eight across the back of your
( head at the nape of your neck would
'be becoming. Do you wear a net?
That is very helpful in giving the
head a well-groomed look.
Jack: Try writing to the Wom
an’s Exchange, Connally bldg., At
lanta, Ga. They will tell you if there
is a demand for such work. You
have to be a member of the exchange
to sell through it. Write just what
you intend asking for your spreads
and enclose a stamped addressed
envelope for reply.
Mary: Yes, beads, strings of
them, are being worn this summer,
but you don’t want to carry them
to an extreme, for that cheapens
them.
write, but at last II have decided to do so.
Well, as the other cousins describe them
selves, I guess I had better do likewise:
so here goes: Fair complexion, blue eyes
and black hair. My are is between seven
teen and twenty-one. All that can guess
my age I will send them my photo. I will
be glad to get letters from all the_ cousins,
and will answer all received. With love
and best wishes, I am, lovingly, your new
cousin.
CHARLES S. HODGES.
Athens. Fla.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Will you
please open the door and let two little
Georgia girls join your merry band of boys
and girls? We are two sisters and live
in the country, and like country life fine.
What do you cousins do for pastime? We
crochet and tat. Say, cousins, you all ought
to be with ns and go to the peanut shell
ings. Believe me, we sure do have some
time. Come on, you Georgia boys and
girls, with your letters.
Well, I guess you cousins are wondering
how we look. Out of eyes, of course. But
we are not going to describe ourselves
this time, only say Clara Lee is a brunette
and eighteen years of age, and Effie Kate
is a blonde and sixteen years of age. Well,
as we don't want to break Aunt Julia’s rule,
we must close. You cousins write to two
jolly girls. Your cousins,
CORA LEE GREER,
EFFIE KATE GREER.
R. A. 8., 115, Tifton. Ga.
Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Will you
admit a soldier boy into your happy band
of boys and girls? For it is cold and rain
i ing out here on the picket line. How many
I of you cousins have brothers or relatives in
I the service? I have been in the army four
i teen months ■and can say it is a real home
I for young men. We have lots of pleasure
I and excitement here. Some of you cousins
I should be here at night, when the school of
I fire is on the range. The elements are lit
( with the flashes of fire and the world
I trembles when the big guns go off. I won’t
! describe myself, as you may get excited and
! run off: can only say I'm a blonde reader
lof the Letter Box. I will be glad to an
i swer all letters received. My age is be
tween twenty and twenty-five. Auntie. I
| think the quiz would be fine. I must slip
| back to duty, for I think I hear the officer
' of the day coming.
BOYD TUMAGE.
First Bri. Hdq. Detach., Seventeehth
■ Field Artillery, Camp Bragg, N. C.
i Dear Aunt Julia and Cousins: Wonder if
i you will all be so kind as to let us join
i your happy band of boys and girls? We are
two Georgia girls, and we’re proud to
own the fact. For pastime we read, write,
cook and do general housework, and lots
of other things. Now, don’t you cousins
‘ j get the wrong idea, and think that we
(are smart, for we most certainly are not.
' although we’ll admit that we’re full of
: I fun. in a nice, wholesame way. and we
I ( sure do have some nice times together.
■ j Wish you cousins and Aunt Julia could be
' | with us. for I am sure we would enjoy
it to the greatest extent. Don’t you
cousins think so? All of you cousins write
to us, and we'll assure you of an answer.
I With best wishes for Aunt Julia and the
1 ( cousins, we’ll bid you nil adieu.
’ l EDANA LOGAN,
: ( BESSIE JOHNSON.
■ Route 1. Oconee, Ga.
> 1 Care of J. H. Fowler.
THE COUNTRY HOME
BY MRS. W. H. FELTON
How the Confederates Paid Taxes
We were poor refugees in 1864 and
1865, but the tax-gatherer was on
the job.
I hold in my hand as I write this
article a copy of the Bacon tax we
had to pay on March 11, 1865. The
farmers were allowed an exemption
of 250 pounds of pork for family
use. It was hard to tell what we
did have on taxing day that year,
because we were raided by Stone
man’s cavalry in July, 1864, and
they were not afraid to take all we
had to eat or to wear at that time.
Then we had to refugee again in
November, 1864, and Wheeler’s cav
alry got there ahead of the Yankees
and helped themselves. When we
got back from the last refugee spree,
just before Christmas, we had no
pork, and hardly anything else.
We captured one hog in the cane
breaks, that we butchered as soon
as we arrived. The old hog had
dodged the cavalry and dodged Sher
man’s foragers. Smatr old hog! But
my husband contrived to get in
touch with 1,000 pounds of pork
before March 11, 1865, and he had
to swear that he had no more dur
ing a year, and the Confederate gov
ernment took one-tenth of our sup
ply, and we had more than fifty
colored people to feed, as well as
ourselves.
We had left all the provisions we
had when General Johnston aban
doned his line of battle at Cassville,
Ga.. in May, 1864, and retreated* to
wards Atlanta. We left fifteen of
the oldest colored people in charge
of the home and plantation, and
carried off the remainder to Jones
county, four miles from Macon, Ga.,
154 miles to travel, with wagons,
some cattle and the colored people’s
belongings.
This old Bacon tax paper is duly
signed up. Why the Bacon tax gath
erer did not keep it in hand I don’t
know, but I certainly have the sign
ed tax receipt O. K. “W. H. Fel
ton, on oath, declares he had killed
1,000 pounds of pork. He must pay
the tenth —100 pounds.” The tax col
lector had a soul in him, and when
he saw that helpless family of whites
and blacks he only took sixty pounds
of bacon from us.
R. T. Ross, of Macon, was the
tax assessor. Heaven bless his mem
ory! We would have been “on the
parish” at that time except that we
could hire wagons and mules to the
Confederate government, to feed the
gang, black and white. These teams
happened to be in Macon when
Stoneman came along, or we would
have been without that much inside
of an hour. Here’s the oath my
qm o
(Any reader can get the. an
swer to any question by writing
The Atlanta Journal Infornia
tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin,
Director, Washington, D. C.
This offer applies strictly to in
formation. The bureau cannot
give advice on legal, medical and
financial matters. It does not at
tempt to settle domestic trou
bles, nor to undertake exhaus
tive research on any subject.
Write your question plainly and
briefly. Give full name and ad
dress and inclose two cents in
stamps for return postage. Al!
replies are sent direct to the in
quirer.)
New Questions
1— Is a bulge or ridge a sign of
oil?
2 How old is the University of
Geneva? ,
3 How did the term cereals, for
wheat, barley', etc., originate?
4 What is a limequat?
5 Is a man’s military education
complete when he finishes at West
Point?
6 Is it true that the weasel is use
ful to the farmer?
7 Where is the Battle of Flowers
held?
8— What is the name of the "little
grandmother of the Russian revolu
tion?”
8 — What is the heating value of
wood as compared to coal?
9 How brothers did Presi
dent McKinley have?
10 — Who first trained wild animals
of dffierCnt kings to perform to
gether?
Questions Answered
1. Q- Who discovered copper? How
did it come to be called by that
name?
A. Copper was discovered by the
ancient Greeks, in Cyprus, from
which the name copper is derived.
2. Q. Where is the Mesabe range
of mountains?
A. Mesabe range is in northern
Minnesota. Strictly speaking, it
is not composed of mountains,
the extreme elevation being 2,200
feet. The Mesabe, the Vermillion
and Guyana ranges, all in Minne
sota, produce more iron ore than
any other district in the world.
3. Q. When did the tri-color be
come the flag of France-?
A. Marquis de Lafayette brought
about the adoption of the tri-color in
1789.
4. Q. Is Lowestoft china still made?
A. The production of this celebrat
ed blue and white china was begun
in Lowestoft toward the end of the
eighteenth century, but it is no lon
ger made.
5. Q. How wide, long and deep is
the Amazon river?
A. The Amazon river is about
3,400 miles long, and is 150 miles
wide at its mouth. The river varies
greatly in depth, on account of
floods. For 750 miles from its mouth
it is nowhere less than 30 fathoms
deep.
6. Q. Is kelp stil being harvested
for its potash on the Pacific coast?
A. The kelp industry, which grew
to importance in California during
the war, is now a memory, all plants
having closed down.
7. Q. What are love birds?
A. This is a popular name given to
many dimunitive parrots of various
genera and even of digerent families.
They receive their name on account
of the affection which they display
toward each other both in a wild
state and when confined in cages.
8— Q. When was the first craterio
performed in Englan/1?
_A. The first oratorio rendered in
England was produced at the Opera
House, Haymarket, in 1732. The pro
duction was Handel’s “Esther.”
9 Q. Are railway locomotives
compelled to have electric head
lights?
A. The Interstate Commerce Cpm
mission says that there was an or
der established in 1917 whereby rail-
TUESDAY, MAY 9. 1922.
husband took. “I, W. H. Felton, of
the county of Jones, and state of
Georgia, do swear that the above
is a true statement of all the pork
produced or slaughtered by me, with
in the year, March, 1864, ending
March 1, 1865.”
The poor man killed some meat
before he left Bartow county, on
two hour’s notice, and he had to
swear to that pork in this estimate,
and the Yanks got nearly all of
that, as we were refugeeing with
wagons and teams, and had to carry
along something like thirty colored
children with their mothers. They
were a week getting to our refugee
shack in Jones county. > I hurried
then to be ready for them, and the
tears rolled down my cheeks to see
that caravan drive into the yard,
dirty, hungry, bewildered and help
less, along with ourselves.
My! My! What a time it was to
be sure! I found this old tax re
ceipt on Bacon tax yesterday, in
culling over a mass of old letters.
I found, also, how the Confederates
surrendered in Cherokee, Ga., which
surrender took place at Kingston,
twelve miles from my home at this
time.
I am hoping to tell the country
home readers about that surrender
in a short time. I must add that
Mr. Ross, the tax assessor of ba
con, had to swear also that he re
ceived the sixty pounds of bacon
from my husband on the eleventh
day of March, 1865. He had to ap
pear at headquarters with the tax
in kind. Within four or five weeks
Georgia was surrendered to General
Wilson, at Macon. What went with
tne taxed bacon this depenent sayeth
not.
I was told that a carload of sol
diers’ clothes (not yet distributed),
was captured by Wilson in or near
Macon, and the car door when open
ed, was surrounded by negroes that
had followed General Wilson from
Columbus, and this carload of sol
diers’ uniforms were tossed to the
ground, and they scrambled for
them like shoats after corn at a
crib door.
On the back of this bacon tax re
ceipt are the printed words:
Form No. 3—Estimate No. 170.
“Tax in kind.
Dr. W. H. Felton.
11th day of March, 1865.”
It is evident that this receipt was
dropped by mistake, with the tax
receipts on our wagons and mules
and slave property, etc. Mr. Ross
had a handful.
It is a venerable document to
make a late appearance after being
overlooked for fifty-seven long
years.
road locomotives were compelled to
have electric headlights.
10 —Q. Who was vice psriatende
10—Q. Who was vice president and
president of the senate during An
drew Johnson’s administration?
A. There was no vice president
when Andrew Johnson succeeded to
the presidency through the assas
sination of President Lincoln. Sena
tor Daniel Clark, of New Hampshire,
officiated as president of the senate.
1
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