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©lk Atlanta Sri-Weekly Wumal
VOL. XXV. NO. 165
RHENISH REPUBLIC
PROCLAIMED IN AIX
AS TOWN IS SEIZED
Troops of Bavaria Withdraw
Allegiance Oath to Berlin.
Stresemann Cabinet Faces
Disintegration of Germany
BERLIN, Oct. 22.—A blow against
which the German republic has been
steeling itself fell Sunday. Citizens
of the Rhineland area put on green,
red and white arm bands, armed
themselves and declared a separate
republic.
Aix La Chapelle, Mayence, Duren
and other important cities of the
buffer country between France and
Germany, were seized by the sep
aratists.
The French and Belgians occupy
ing the strip of territory in which
the uprising occurred did not inter
fere.
The one hope of the Stresemann
government, dl-equipped to meet the
revolt and harassed by trouble in
Bavaria and economic difficulties,
was that the separatist revolt was
premature.
Revolt Spreads
First direct reports to the Sties*
mann government indicated the sep
aratist uprising was confined to Aix.
Later, from French sources, re
ports of similar successful coups by
Rhinelanders in other towns and cit
ies along the famous old river that
marks Germany’s western frontier,
came in.
Belgian reports, too, told of the
success of the Rhinelanders at Aix
and reported the city calm. The Bel
gian authorities in the occupied ter
ritory announced they would remain
neutral, but would hold the sepamt
ist leaders responsible for keeping
order.
The Rhineland republic has long
been a German nightmare. Ever
since the World war there has been
agitation from two sources for a
break from the reich.
New Bavarian Affront
Certain prominent citizens of the
Rhineland, notably Herr Smeets and
Drs. Dorten and Matthews, have led
a growing movement in favor of a
separate republic, followed by those
who felt the country along the Rhine
to be an economic entity.
The Bavarian government deliver
ed a new affront to the reich today
by administering an oath of allegi
ance to the state to Bavarian troops
under command of General von Los
sow, former state dictator for the
federal government and now Bavari
an military commander.
The Bavarian government declared
Saturday these troops were no long
er under the power of the reich be
cause of the recall of Von Lossow
against Bavaria’s wishes.
Administration of the pew oath
today was considered to have com
pleted the “kidnaping” of federal
troops by Bavaria.
Berlin Troops Move
Separatist demonstrations in Cre
feld and Rheydt proved abortive. In
both Rheydt and Muenchen-Glad
bach city authorities retained pos
session of the public buildings.
Reports were received here that
workers in Aix La Chapelle were
about to proclaim their protest
against the attempt at separation of
the Rhineland from the rest of Ger
man y.
The German government has ask
ed the allied occupation authorities
for permission to allow German
troops freedom to act in Aix La,
Chapelle and elsewhere to thwart
the separatist coup.
News agencies report troops are
marching on Bonn.
NEW YORK APPEAL MADE
TO ALL GERMAN-AMERICANS
NEW YORK, Oct. 22.—An appeal
to the 7,500,000 German-born resi
dents of the United States to go to
the aid of the crumbling German
Reich was made yesterday by the
Rev. Dr. Wililam Popeke, president
of the United German societies, at a
meeting in celebration of German
day.
The speaker urged action before
the German republic was “over
whelmed in the raging seas of inter
national troubles and engulfed by
the cruel French bayonets which
menaced the Ruhr and the Rhine
land and threatened to split Ger
many up into a series of independent
units.”
Daytona Taxi Driver
Is Dead of Wounds;
3 Passengers Held
DAYTONA, Fla., Oct. 22.—D. H.
Usher, taxi driver shot by passen
gers he was carrying to Port Orange
last night, died in a local hospital at
3 o’clock this morning. About the
same hour. Daytona police arrested
at Bunnell two men and a woman
filling the description given by Usher
of his assailants. They gave their
names as Mr. and Mrs. Charles
Brown and Joe Brown, of Boston.
The trio were lodged in jail charged
with murder. An inquest was to
be held today. .
The Browns were traced to Bun
nell from Daytona, where they hired
an automobile shortly after the
wounded man’s car fas abandoned.
Police declare they fit in every de
tail the descriptions given by Ushet
of his assailants and this description
is corroborated by persons who saw
the passengers in Usher’s car. The
Browns refused to make any state
ment or answer any questions. Iden
tification cards found among the ef
fects of th-> two men held give their
names as George F. Burns, 6 Allston
place. Brston, and Frank F. Russo,
employe o< the Boston and Maine
allway a...-Middlesex. Mass.
Fair Weather and Frost
Are Forecast in Georgia
WASHINGTON. Oct. 22.—Temper
atures were considerably below nor
mal today in the southern states, the
weather bureau reporting frosts as
far south as central Mississippi and
northern Alabama.
Indications, however, were for gen
erally fair weather in the states east
of the Mississippi during the next 36
hours. The temperature was not
expected to change materially and
frosts are probable tonight as far
south as northwestern Georgia an.l
the interior of the east gulf states.
Published Every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday
POLITICAL WAR SEETHES
IN MEXICO AS PRESIDENT
IS ASSAILED BY HUERTA
//arid News
Told In
Brief
LOUISVILLE, Ky.—Lloyd George
i visits birthplace of Abraham Lincoln
at Hodgenville, Ky.
OKLAHOMA CITY. Governor
Walton of Oklahoma denies insistent
rumors that he is to resign.
LONDON. —Nikolai Lenine has re
covered the use of his paralyzed leg,
Moscow dispatch declares.
v.’ASLI INGTON. —President Cool-,
idge will not attend Army-Navj' foot
ball game in New York, November
24th.
HARRISBURG, Pa. Governor
Pinchot advises new system of per
mits under internal revenue law to
check flood of liquor.
LONDON. —Five hundred Koreans
were killed by Japanese vigilantes
in massacre after earthquake, de
layed Tokio advices say.
WASHINGTON.—President Cool
idge has become member of the First
Congregational church in Washing
ton, it is officially announced.
SAN FRANCISCO. John R.
Quinn, of California, is elected na
tional commander of the American
Legion, succeeding Alvin Owsley.
CHICAGO. —Chairman Adams, of
Republican national committee, says
Denver is serious contender for Re
publican national convention next
year.
WASHINGTON. Recent Moro
outbreaks in Philippine were due to
refusal of educated native girls to be
inmates of Moro harems, Manila dis
patch says.
CHICAGO.—Suit for $50,000 dam
ages against W. E. D. Stokes, of
New York, who is suing his wife
for divorce is filed here by Daniel
Jackson.
WASHINGTON. National Mer
chant Marine association announces
policy advocating preferential treat
ment for American ships in Ameri
can trade.
WASHINGTON.—Secretary of ag
riculture announces world survey of
agriculture is being made to keep
American farmers informed concern
ing competition.
WASHINGTON.—CoaI wholesalers
have been taking profits at a rate
of more than 200 per cent over their
pre-war margins, Federal Coal com
mission reports.
LONDON.—Great Britain’s whisky
distillers frankly tell British drinkers
that American bootleggers are pre
ferred customers as long as the
Americans pay higher prices for the
same goods.
DUBLIN.—Shots are fired and dis
order ensues when troops disperse
crowds assembled outside Mount Joy
prison in effort to prevent removal
of hunger striking republican pris
oners.
NEW YORK.—United German So
cieties, at big meeting here, urge
7,500,000 German-born residents of
the United States to aid the crum
bling German Reich before Germany
is destroyed.
WASHINGTON.—President Cool
idge will avoid specific declaration of
his stand on prohibition enforce
ment at conference of governors,
White House advices indicate on
eve of meeting.
DUESSELDORF.—New currency,
backed by public utilities, will re
place paper marks in Dresseldorf dis
trict, it is decided by economic coun
cil of twelve Germans and five
French representatives.
CLEVELAND.—WiIIiam Jennings
Bryan asserts Y. M. C. A. faces
problem of whether it shall continue
to be spiritual force or become
merely club where young men can
get baths for nominal fee.
AMARILLO, Texas. Federal
Judge Wilson enjoins all election
clerks from destroying or interfering
with ballots cast in last senatorial
election between Earle B. Mayfield
and George E. B. Peddy.
WASHINGTON.—Miss Alice Paul,
vice president of the National Wom
an’s party, announces special con
ference will be held to prepare cam
paign for new equal rights amend
ment to constitution.
GLOUCESTER. Mass.—Schooner
Columbia defeats the Henry Ford
and Elizabeth Howard and is des
ignated as American challenger for
fishing vessel trophy now held by
Canadian Blue Nose.
WASHINGTON. August A ;
Busch, former St. Louis brewer, in
a letter to President Coolidge, ap
peals for justice for brewing busi
ness which, Busch says, has been
made the football of practical poli
tics.
NEW ORLEANS.—Striking dock ;
workers agreed tentatively to re-|
turn to work Monday on shipping !
board vessels after authorizing;
their officials to negotiate with board I
on proposal embodying their wage I
demands and several changes in I
working rules.
COLUMBUS, Ga.—l. H. Hart, fa
ther of three children who lost lives
in fire in Phenix City, Ala., on night
of October 13, is arrested here,
charged with arson. Arrest is made
by Columbus policemen upon re
quest of Sheriff John Moon, of Lee I
county, Alabama.
TOLEDO —Benjamin F. Welty,
former congressman, is sentenced
to one year in workhouse and to
pay fine of SSOO following conviction
on charge of accepting exorbitant fee
in obtaining government compensa
tion for ex-service men.
WASHINGTON.—Senator Moses,
of New Hampshire, mentions Low
den. Pinchot and Johnson among
Coolidge’s opponents in Republican
convention: declares more men are
“affirmatively for Ford for presi
dent than for any other man.”
WASHINGTON.—No time limit re
structions for the honoring of physi
cians’ prescriptions for liquor have
been set. ’t is staled at prohibition
headquarters in answer to reports
that prohibition agents had been
ordered to treat with suspicion pre
scriptions which had not been
promptly f’Uod.
Huerta Charges Executive
With Assassination Plot.
Illegal Expenditures Laid to
Former Treasury Head
MEXICO CITY, Oct. 20.—Bitter
political warfare, with the possibility
of armed conflict, raged in Mexico
toriiglit as President Obregon and
his former secretary of the treasury,
Adolpho de la Huerta, hurled print
ed broadsides at one another in an
effort to gain a strategic position in
the campaign for the presidential
elections to be held next year.
Obregon backed up charges by the
present secretary of the treasury,
Alberto Pani, that de la Huerta had
left the country bankrupt when he
resigned his portfolio a few weeks
ago to enter the presidential cam
paign as a candidate for the so
called liberal elements.
De la Huerth replied accusing the
president of Blotting his assassina
tion to remove him as the most
dangerous opponent of Obregon’s
presidential choice, General Elias
Calles.
Obregon’s sensational statement
i announced that because of de la
Huerta’s action while minister of
the treasury it will be necessary for
the government to reduce salaries
of all state employes, including the
army, ten per cent.
Treasury Bankrupt
Pani took office, the president
said, to find the treasury virtually
bankrupt.
The statement, issued by Pani,
said in part:
“The difference between author
ized expenses and probable income
this year is 90,000,000 pesos.
“It is estimated my predecessor
spent nearly ten million pesos a year
for excess employes and special
commissioners in different depart
ments. At least sixty per cent of
this money was expended illegally.
“The national balance for Sep
tember 30, excluding foreign debts,
shows for the nine months ended
that date a deficit of 37,241,768 pesos.
“Nearly 6,000,000 pesos were ex
pended from funds destined for the
foreign debt and deposited in the
national bank.
Drafts Unpaid
"Drafts on the treasury depart
ment in favor of Morgan & Co.
destined for deposit to the account
of the foreign debt, are unpaid to
the amount of more than 1,000,000
pesos.
“These debts seriously compromise
the financial and moral credit of
the nation both at home and abroad.
To continue in this line means
complete bankruptcy.
“The solution necessitates a cut
of ten per cent in the salaries of
public employes, and suspension of
unnecessary employes, saving 800,000
pesos a month.
All unnecessary public works
must be suspended at once. We
must comply to our obligation to
make prompt payments on our
foreign debt and collect as rapidly
as possible all delayed payments of
duties, fines and taxes.”
The secretary even suggested sale
of certain national properties or
pledging them in an effort to obtain
a short time loan.
TEN PERSONS KILLED L
IN FACTORY EXPLOSION
MEXICO CITY, Oct. 20.—Ten per
sons were killed and several injured
today in an explosion in a fireworks
factory at Tacubaya, a suburb of
Mexico City.
Magnate Stays Well
Under Time Contract
With His Physician
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 19.—Five
years have now elapsed since Samuel
M. Vauclain, president of the Bald
win Locomotive Works, made a con
tract with a physician to keep him
ni good physical condition for ten
years.
Mr. Vauclain said today he agreed
io pay a flat sum every year for be
ing kept well, increasing this sum
each year on the assumption that
the older he grows the more difficult
it will be for him to keep well.
Under the contract if Mr. Vauclain
falls sick, a deduction is made from
the doctor’s annual retainer, accord
ing to the length of time of his ill
ness.
“1 have been sick,” he said, “and
I didn’t like it. I did not want it
to happen again. Since the inception
of this contract I have kept my part
of it, and my doctor has kept his.
except once or twice. I have been
examined not less than every two
weeks, and have guided myself en
tirely by the doctor’s instructions
In that time I have not lost a day
from business, nor have I been ill
in any way. I a mheavier, stronger
and more active than I was five
years ago.”
Block in Maysville
Destroyed by Fire
MAYSVILLE, Ga., Oct. 22.—The
Gillespie brick block on Homer street
was destroyed by tire this morning.
Buildings adjoining and across the
street were damaged. The postoffice
was saved after part of the roof was
burned.
A cap blew off the chemical extin
guisher, severely hurting Chief of
Police Sims. Loss is put at $15,000.
partly covered by insurance.
The Weather
Virginia: Partly cloudy in the in- j
terior and unsettled; probably show- .
ers on the coast.
North and South Carolina and I
Georgia: Mostly cloudy; probably I
showers on the coast; little change I
in temperature.
Florida: Generally fair except
possibly showers on the east coast.
Extreme Northwest Florida, Ala
bama and Mississippi: Fair; little I
change in temperature.
Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio:
Fair: rising temperature in west por
tions.
Louisiana: Fair; rising tempera
ture.
Arkansas: Fair; warmer.
Oklahoma: Fair: warmer.
East Texas: Fair; warmer.
West Texas: Fair; warmer in
east portion.
SCRAMBLE FOB DRY
VOTE MAY RESULT
IN IE'S ELECTION
Pinchot, McAdoo and Cool
idge All Courting Favor
of Prohibitionists—Modifi
cationist Candidate Looms
I '
BY ROBERT T. SMALL
(Leased Wire Service to The Journal.)
(Copyright, 1923.)
NEW YORK, Oct. 20.—New
York’s "wet Democrats have been
watching the nation-wide struggle of
some aspirants for the presidency
' to climb aboard the water wagon
. the past week with a feeling akin
to elation. The wets figure it out that
the wild scramble to grab the prohi
bition vote may scatter that very
same vote and give a “modification
ist” a chance at the polls.
The death of President Harding,
who had espoused the cause of pro
hibition during the last few months
of his life, seems to have left the
• field open for all who seek a dry and
dusty road to the white house. Mr.
Harding had virtually been assured
the support of the organized “drys”
and was counting heavily upon that
vote as a means of re-election. Now
there is a general rush to get into
linen dusters.
As a result of the week’s maneu
vering it is shown that:
Mr. Ford is out for the dry vote.
Mr. Pinchot is out for the dry
vote.
Mr. McAdoo is out for the dry
vote.
And Mr. Coolidge does not see why
any one should be casting wet eyes
at him.
The recrudescence of the Ford
boom and the precipitation of the
wet and dry issue into the campaign,
all within the space of a few days,
have given politics such an impulse
that many persons are inclined to
date the beginning of the 1924 presi
dential race from these ides of Oc
tober. The querulous position taken
by Governor Pinchot toward the
national administration on the pro
hibition enforcement issue has been
regarded as political trouble enough
for one week, but when this con
tinuing incident was followed up by
Ford activities throughout the coun
try culminating in an announcement
from the chairman of the prohibition
party national committee that Mr.
Ford could have the prohibition nom
ination for president if he cared for
it, the politicians began to sit up
and take notice in earnest.
Ford and Prohibitionists
Naturally, Mr. Ford could not be
content with the prohibition nomina
tion alone. As a separate and dis
tinct party, the prohibitionists have
been unable to make any great head
way in the past. In the 1920 elec
tion, out of nearly 27,000,000 votes
cast, the prohibition candidate got a
grand total of 189,408. Prohibition in
politics began to be effective only
when the Anti-Saloon league began
boring from within the two old par
ties, just as labor had been doing
some years before.
But Mr. Ford probably would not
object to the prohibition party in
dorsement of his candidacy if he de
cides to run on an independent tick
et, which now seems probable. Henry
Ford is known as a dry of the true
believer type and it is certain his
candidacy would be gratifying to
a large proportion of the dry ele
ment of the country.
It is perfectly apparent that the
Republican party is going to make
a great bid f orthe dry vote, no mat
ter who its candidate may be. Mr.
Coolidge already has undertaken to
carry out the Harding policy for
better enforcement as evidenced by
his conference in Washington today
with the governors of nearly two
thirds of the states of the union.
With Mr. Ford and the Republi
can candidates splitting the dry vote,
the wet Democrats wil make a strong
fight in their convention for what
they term a “liberal” treatment of
the prohibition question. Whether
they can gain any real ground along
that line is questionable. It is true
that a platform declaration requires
only a majority vote in the Demo
cratic convention, whereas the nom
inee of the party must be named by
a two-thirds vote. Therefore it would
be easier to declare for modification
than it would be to nominate a mod
ificationist. Even in Democratic
ranks the sentiment for prohibition
still is strong in the south and west
and, although some of the big east
ern states will have powerful delega
tions to fight for a modification
plank, they will find the most mili
tant of opposition headed as usual
by the never-say-die William Jen
nings Bryan.
Puzzles Both Parties
The Anti-Saloon league and the
other reform organizations fighting
for prohibition enforcement will not
be content in pledging two or three
of the presidential candidates. They
will seek to control the Democratic
convention as well.
Both Republican and Democratic |
national leaders profess to look upon |
the Ford candidacy on a third party j
ticket with complete equanimity. The
Republicans say he will weaken the
Democrats: the Democrats say he
will play hob with the Republicans.
Although his boom is booming
again, after an adjournment of sev
eral months, following the death of
President Harding, it does not ap-
I pear that Mr. Ford has a ghost of a
: chance of capturing either the Dem-
I ocratic or Republican nomination. ;
There a very good chance, how- >
I ever, that he may have some pledged ;
I delegates in both conventions, if his ■
I managers go ahead with their plans '
for placing him in the primaries of ;
■ both parties. Democratic leaders
; have sent out word to knife Ford in
I any primary in which he makes a
i bid for Democratic support. They
say he really belongs in the Repub
lican fold.
Goodyear Raincoat Free
Goodyear Mfjj. Co.. 6025-R Goodyear
Bldg., Kansas City, Mo., is making an
offer to send a handsome raincoat tree
to one person in each locality who will
show and recommend it to friends. If
you want one, write today.
‘ENFORCE PROHIBITION LA W.’
COOLIDGE TELLS GOVERNORS
GOVERNOR'S OFFICE
FLOODED WITH TAX
REFORM SCHEMES
Extra Session to Convene
T November 7—Legislators
5 Stick to Pet Measures.
\ Walker Returns Tuesday
1
t Members of the legislature and
• other Georgians who are anxious to
r aid in reforming the state tax sys-
• tern, are flooding the office of Gov
ernor Walker with suggestions and
• plans to be submitted to the state
• tax commission when it resumes n*
’ hearings at the capitol Tuesday
’ morning. The governor’s desk will
I be piled high with letters, resolu-
• tions and briefs on tax matters, when
1 he returns to his office Tuesday aft
er an absence of a week, attending
• the conference of governors at West
r Baden, Indiana, and in Washington.
' The extra session of the legisla
ture to consider tax reform is to
■ convene on Wednesday, November
7, now less than three weeks off.
• The tax commission has concluded
r its public hearings, and the meeting
this week is for the purpose of con
ferring with the authors of tax meas
ures introduced at the last session of
tne legislature, in an effort to reach
’ an agreement on some program for
. the extra session.
Several days ago Governor Walker
sent out letters asking that any
1 briefs or resolutions on the subject
: of taxation be sent to his office by
October 20, and there has been a
veritable deluge. The governor’s desk
1 will be piled high with tax sugges
; tions when he returns to his office
i Tuesday morning, after discussing,
the tax systems of other states with
their executives.
Practically every member of the
i legislature who was the author of
, a tax measure at the last session is
sticking to his guns and has pro
posed that his original plan be adopt
; ed at the extra session. Representa
, tive Herschel Elders, Tattnall coun
ty, will insist upon the North Caro
lina plan; Representative A. S. Bus
sey, of Crisp county, will offer a sub
stitute for the tax measure he in
; troduced at the last session, with
i only minor changes, and the various
, authors of income tax measures will
. come back with increased confidence.
Governor’s Request
The letter ynt out by Governor
Walker for the tax commission ask
ed for suggestions on the following
tax plans under consideration:
1. Income tax.
2. Classification tax.
■ 3. Sales tax.
4. Service tax, registration tax, or
poll tax.
5. A combination of two or more
. of the above, with perhaps a reduced
ad valorem tax.
The text of the letters awaiting
; the return of Governor Walker
I have not been made public, but it
j is said that the majority of them
j favor a limited income tax, in con
j nection with some other form of
taxation to reach those who would
be exempt under ordinary income
tax limitations. There is also a
strong sentiment for a classifica-
I tion tax. and a sales tax has many
| advocates.
Governor Walker left for West
Baden last week with the an
nounced intention of interviewing
governors of all states that are
using any of the forms of taxation
proposed for Georgia. He declared
that he expected mo gain valuable
information on the experiences of
the other states, for transmission
to the members of the state tax
commission at their session here
next Tuesday.
Studying Taxes
The governor is to spend Monday
in Raleigh, N. C., interviewing the
governor, comptroller, tax commis
sioner. and other officials of that
state, on the tax system that has
brought great prosperity to North
Carolina and attracted the attention
of tax experts all over the country.
The North Carolina tax system was
the topic of much conversation at
the recent session of the legislature,
and this talk will be revived on the
first day of the extra session by
the introduction of eight bills copied
after the North Carolina laws, ac
cording to an announcement by
Representative Elders.
Members of the legislature who
have been in Atlanta recently pre- I
diet that the extra session is going
to accomplish something in the
form of tax revision, but they will
not predict what the reform will be.
It is the prevailing opinion that the
extra session will last three or four
week s.
Pilot Stricken in Air,
Italian Passenger-
Lands Plane Safely
1 BOLOGNE. Italy, Oct. 20.—A
climb over the fusilage of an air- I
plane to prevent disaster when his |
pilot was stricken with sudden ill- ;
ness. was the experience of the avia- j
tor, Capra, who arrived here today 1
from the fascist) aerial celebration. ;
The machine was speeding toward
the city from Rome at an altitude of
6.000 feet when Capra, in the oh-
I server’s seat, became aware that it
I was out of control. Crawling for
i ward to where the pilot slumped,
' semi-conscious, he grasped the con
' trols and brought the plane safely
■ to the ground.
McAdoo and Hughes
Will Head Tickets
In 1924, Says King
WASHINGTON, Oct. 19.—Senator
King, Democrat. L T tah, yesterday ■
predicted that William G. McAdoo |
would head the Democratic national |
ticket next November and Charles;
E. Hughes the Republican.
Atlanta, Ga., Tuesday, October 23, 1923
Text of the President’s
Address to Governors
WASHINGTON, Oct. 20.—The
text of he president’s address to
the governors today follows:
It is my peculiar privilege to
welcome you here as one, who,
by experience can look at your
problems with that sympathy
which comes from common fel
lowship. The governorship of a
-sovereign state of our nation is
an exalted exception, every other
office in America. It is the very
greatest honor that a state can
bestow. A gathering of gover
nors has a signifcance greater
than any other unofficial convo
cation that can be held in the
United States.
It would only be a matter of
large public importance that
- mid justify a gathering of the
chief executives of the states of
the nation for a conference at
Washington. You have been in
vited that I might lay before you
some of the problems for a better
enforcement of laws. A state
ment of the purpose is sufficient
to indicate the importance, for a
government which ‘does not en
force its laws is unworthy of the
name of a government, and can
not expect to hold either the sup
port of its own citizens or the
respect of the inrormed opinion
of the world.
That ours is a dual system of
administration does not need to
be explained in this presence.
Joint powers and joint responsi
bilities exist, which can best be
exercised and discharged by joint
action.
Aliens and Narcotics
While certain classes of aliens,
easily distinguishable, have been
excluded from this country for a
considerable length of time, a
general policy of restricting im
migration, broadly inclusive, has
only recently been adopted. The
new law admits approximately
350,000 aliens’, or abopt one-third
of the number coming in annual
ly under the old law before the
war. On other hand the number
desiring to enter is now much
larger, and attempts to evade the
law have greatly increased. It is
estimated by the department of
labor that there is a Seepage over
the border and through the
ports, of about 100,000 which is
a considerable menace to the
success of our immigration pol
icy. Such an influx of persons,
entering the country In violation
of the lav/, cannot fail to attract
the attention of local police au
thorities along our borders and
on our seacoasts, who can be of
very great assistance in notifying
the local representatives of the
department of justice, or the de
partment of labor, in order that
such persons may the more read
ily be excluded ana deported.
Another problem exists which
is worla-wide in some of its as
pects. It is considered of such
importance to our own welfare
that special, representatives of
this country, attended, when the
League of Nations recently con
sidered the regulation of the
opium traffic where their efforts
met with large success. The na
tional laws and the laws of most
of the states regulate the sale of
narcotic drugs. Their use, ex
cept under the direction of com
petent medical advice, is every
where regarded as attended with
grave danger, usually resulting
in lamentable disaster. The ef
fective protection of the people
from these results depends on
our ability tv prevent the smug
gling and unlawful sale of sucn
narcotics. Their use is, in part
perhaps due to physicial disease
and, in part, to lack of moral
stamina, but their abuse is al
most wholly a result of violations
of the law. If the law can be
enforced, medical science would
very soon rid the country of this
menace. This traffic is carried
on secretly and evasively. It
can only be detected and eradi
cated through a system of local
inspectors and police.
The national secret service and
enforcement officers can cope
with the smugglers and the
wholesalers, but the peddlers
and retailers can not success
fully be suppressed without the
assistance of state and munici
pal police.
Prohibition Enforcement
The other problem which I
wish to lay before you is that of
intoxicating liquors. The eight
eenth amendment was proposed
by the congress in 1917. and its
ratification proclaimed in Jan
uary, 1919. It prohibits the
manufacture, sale or transpor
tation and the importation and
exportation of intoxicating
liquors for beverages purposes,
and confers upon the congress
and the several states concur
rent pow’er to enact enforce
ment legislation. This power .
was exercised by the congress in
the national .prohibition act.
which was finally passed in Oc
tober, 1919, two-thirds of the
house of representatives and
senate present, having voted in
the affirmative. Substantially
all of the states have likewise
passed enforcement acts under
the authority of the eighteenth
amendment. In all of the states
there had long been laws regu
lating the sale qf intoxicating
liquors, and in jnany of the
states prohibition ' had already
been adopted.
Neither the amendment nor
the prohibition act undertakes
to relieve the states of their
responsibility relative -to intox
icating liquors, but, on the
other hand, the amendment coo
lers jurisdiction upon them,
:>nd the prohibition act author
res state and local prosecuting
attorneys to bring injunction
proceedings in any court having
equity powers in the name of the
United States.
The national prohibition act
places the duty of its enforce
ment on the commissioner of in
terna] revenue, his assistants,
agents and inspectors. In ac
cordance therewith, there is an
assistant commissioner in direct
charge of prohibition enforce
ment. and there are prohibition
agents and inspectors in each
state. Corresponding provisions
will be found in nearly all states'
laws.
The constitution, and the laws
I of the nation and of the several
I states, are binding alike upon all
the inhabitants. It is the con
stitution which we have given
our oaths to support—the con
stitution which requires of the
president that ‘he shall take care
that the laws be faithfully exe
cuted;’ and the state constitu
tions lay a similar obligation
upon their governors.
The constitution and the laws
are perfectly plain, and the di
rections which they contain to
the president, and the governors,
are.equally plain. The country
ought to know all this. It ought
to understand just what duties
the laws have imposed. It ought
to comprehend that when laws
have been made there is, and
can be, no question about the
duty of executives to enforce
them with such instruments, and
by such means, as the law pro
vides for securing enforcement.
They have no alternative. They
cannot be criticized for doiiig
their duty. This is not a po
litical question; it cannot be
made a political question. If
there be any principle which
has been established by time, by
common consent, by the unquali
fied association of fundamental
and statute law is that execu
tives are the law-enforcing of
ficers of this nation. If this
were not so, there would be no
warrant for the present gather
ing. I can conceive but one
opinion on this, in which every
responsible element must concur.
No provision of the eighteenth
amendment, or the national pro
hobition act, contemplates any
surrender of state responsibility.
Under them prohibition becomes
obligatory in all states, for the
constitution and the laws made
in pursuance thereof are specifi
cally declared, by the federal con
stitution, to be the supreme law
of the land. They are binding
upon every inhabitant. But
there still remains to the states
the power, specifically reserved
■ in the eighteenth amendment, to
pass -enforcing acts, and there is
still on them a joint responsibil
ity to enact and execute enforce
ment laws, which may not al
ways be exercised, but which can
never be avoided.
Issue With the People
The complementary duty to en
forcement of the law is obedience
to the law. That rests with the
peopl e themselves. The eigh
teenth amendment pi ohibffs man
ufacture, transportation, sale,
export and import. These are
the commercial activities Trade
in intoxicating liquors, for bev
erage purposes,. Is especially de
nounced. It is in this field that
most of the difficulty exists. The
main problem arises from those
who are bent on making money
by an illegal traffic in intoxicat
ing liquors. If this could be elim
inated, the rest would be easy.
These problems must be taken
directly to the American people.
This government is their gov
ernment; these laws are their
laws. They have formed their
government and ei.acted their
laws, witn all due solemnity, to
promote their welfare and pro
tect their liberties. They are not
a nation of inebriates; they are
not a people who can be charged
with being hypocrites. They
are a sober, frank and candid
people. They hav e respect and
reverence for duly constituted
authority. To them the law is a
rule of action. Those funda
mental national cl racteristics
are not going to be changed.
These fundamental conceptions
are going to remain permanent.
The great body of the people
are thoroughly law abiding. This
great law-abiding element of the
. nation is entitled to support and
protection. I propose to give
that support and protection to
the limit, against every lawless
element. Th e executives are re
quired to enforce the law. The
machinery for the enforcement
of the law is that supplied by the
acts of congress and the acts of
the state legislatures. That ma
chinery must be used to the full
extent of its capacity to secure
the enforcement of the law. It
is certainly my own purpose so to
use it. The people are going to
continue to yield obediei.ee to
the law. Thi s principle will con
tinue to prevail, whenever the
American people shall pass judg
ment upon it, because it is the
foundation of all their Institu
tions.
•We can only make progress
with these problems by their
frank and candid consideration.
They are not going to be decided
by prejudice. They are not
gemg to be answered as a re
sult of political intrigue.
They are not going to be de
termined by extremists on either
side. They are not going to be
solved in accordance with any
sot did motive. They will yield
to the calm and clear judgment
of the main people, through a de
termined expression of their high
moral purpose. The law rep
resents the voice of the people.
Behind it and supporting it, is a
divine sanction.
Enforcement of law and obed
dience to law, by the very nature
of our institutions, are not mat
ters of choice in this republic,
but the expression of a moral re
quirement of living in accordance
with the truth. They are clothed
with a spiritual significance, in
which is revealed the life or the
. death of the American ideal of
self-government.
Ball-Bearing Foundation
For Buildings Suggested
For ’Quake-Proof Cities
SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 19.
Bailey Willis, Stanford university
professor •'meritus of geology, who
traveled 20,000 miles on a quake
hunting expedition for the Carnegie
Foundat on, today told how a quake
proof city may be constructed.
Addressing a luncheon of the Com
monwealth club, he outlined a
method of erecting buildings on ball
bearing foundations equipped with
shock absorbers or springs.
5 CENTo A COPI,
Si A YEAR.
STATE EXECUTIVES
URGED TO GIVE AID
TO 0. S. OFFICIALS
Executive Program Is Adopt-
i •
ed Unanimously, Though
Al Smith and Ritchie At
tack Volstead Law
WASHINGTON, Oct. 20.—A pro
gram for co-ope.ration between
the federal government and the
states in prohibition enforcement,
suggested by President Coolidge, was
adopted today at the White House
conference of the president and the
state governors.
Six points for prohibition enforce
ment were proposed by President
Coolidge. These provided for state
meetings of prosecuting attorneys,
enlistment of the press, co-ordination
of state and federal enforcement
personnel and other measures.
The president’s program was adopt
ed without a dissenting vote after
the governors had added another
seventh point providing for educa
tion of children to the dangers or aj
coholic beverages.
After addresses by President Cool
idge and other officials, a round ta
ble discussion developed with spirit
ed addresses, including those bv
Governors Smith, of New York, and
xvitchie. of Maryland, in criticism of
the AoJstead act. Governor Pinchot.
or J ennsylvania, did not speak but
gave out a statement commending
the results of the conference.
Among the points in the presi
dent s program was one calling for
conventions of municipal, county
and state enforcement officers to
adopt state programs, with the fed
eral government pledging every pos
sible support.
Program Adopted
The six points proposed by Presl
dent Coolidge and adopted by the
conference were:
“1. Co-ordination of all federal,
state, county and municipal forces’
2. Call upon the press to sup
port prohibition law enforcement,
stress law observance, and treat the
enforcement program commensurate
with the gravity of lawlessness.
“3. Call convention of municipal,
county and state enforcement offi
cials .at a convenient date to dis
cuss and adopt a program for the
state, the federal government pledg
ing every possible support to these
conventions.
“4. Call upon the prosecuting at
torney in the various districts of the
state to confer on this problem,
pledging support with every facility
to aid in such discussions.
“5. Adopt whatever means are
practicable to cause lawless citizens
and aliens to respect the majesty and
sancitity of the law, and to respect
the various agencies enforcing it.
“6. Co-operation by national au
thorities in all these activities.”
The seventh point was suggested
by Governor Preus of Minnesota. It
proposed that the governors arrange
with health officials of their states
to present information in further
ance of the education of children to
the results of the use of alcoholic
beverages.
Provisions Plain
Meeting with more than thirty
state executives, who had responded
to his invitation to attend a White
House conference on law enforce
ment, Mr. Coolidge flatly declared
that “no provision of the eighteenth
amendment or the national prohibi
tion act contemplates any surrender
of state responsibility.”
The provisions of the eighteenth
amendment and its supplementary
statutes, the president said, are
“perfectly plain” in the directions
they give, both to the president and
the governors of states. He added
that the country “ought to compre
hend that when laws have been
made, there is, and can be, no ques
tion about the duty of executives to
enforce them with such instruments,
and by such means, as the law pro
vides for securing enforcement."
The president suggested no new
means of co-operation between the
federal government and the states
and made no comment on the
declaration of the governors yester
day in their conference at West
Baden, Ind., or on the suggestions
as to enforcement methods recently
put forward by individual governors.
He did say, however, that the prob
lems of law enforcement could not b®
answered by “political intrigue” or
determined "by extremists on either
side.” __
Winston-Salem High
School Boy Killed
In Football Game
WINSTON SALEM, N. C., Oct. 20.
Lee Caldwell, star halfback on the
local school team was killed during /
the third quarter of the football
game here this afternoon with the
Charlotte High school team. Cald
well had just punted and the punt
had been received by a Charlotte
player. The right end tackled the
Charlotte player, but missed, and
Caldwell then tackled. The momen
tum of the opposing player, it is said,
threw Caldwell backward, his head
striking the hard ground and fractur
ing his neck just below the base of
the skull.
He lived about thirty minutes and
died on the field. ,
All efforts to revive him were in
vain. At the time Caldwell was
killed Veach, captain of the local
team, was groaning on the side lines
with a broken collar bone and a
Charlotte player was suffering with
a badly sprained ankle.
Tennessee County
Indorses McAdoo
KNOXVILLE, Tenn., Oct. 19. —
'■ irst action in Tennessee on a presi
dential candidate was taken when
Carter county Democrats in conven
tion today indorsed McAdoo.