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Atlanta ©rMUttWa Journal VOL. XXVI. NO. 144 LEOPOLD AND LOEB ARE GIVEN LIFE SENTENCES TWO WORLD FLIERS MMHim ONE IS FORCEDM Lt. Nelson Sails in Aboard Escort Plane for Finish After Stripping Gears WASHINGTON. Sept. 9.—With ah •|>ut .3,000 miles of the first air route the earth safely completed, (two of the army world fliers landed .today at Bolling Field here to receve a greeting in the name of the Amer ican people from President Coolidge. The president. Secretary Weeks and high government officials of all de partments wete present in person to pay honor to Lieutenant Lowell H. Smith, flight commander and his daring comrade. Lieutenant Wade. Lieutenant Nelson, piloting the New Orleans, was forced down by a stripped gear ten miles south of Bal timore and will complete the journey tomorrow. Lieutenant Nelson later joined his comrades at Bolling Field, coming in an escort plane. Lieutenant Harding, Lieutenant Nelson’s mechanician, remained with the disabled plane. Coolidge Greets Them When the planes arrived over Boll ing field and made their landing, the big machine in which Major Gen eral Patrick, chief of the air service, was riding' was mistaken for the New Orleans in the confusion, and it was not until this ship was with drawn from, the line and taken to an other part of the field that it was realized that one of the world cruisers was missing. Air service officials couid not say what effect the accident to the New Orleans would have on the schedule for the r emainder of the flight. It seemed unlikely, however, that the squadron could get away for Dayton, Ohio, the next stop, for a day or two. Wild cheering and the sound of sirens and automobile horns greeted the fliers as they came down. The planes were brought up in line formation before the president. President Coolidge received the world fliers as they climbed from their machines and came up to the reviewing- stands. He smiled as be shook hands with each man, but made no address to them, although he asked a question or two as to their machines and was assured by Lieutenant Smith for himself and his comrades that they were “glad to be here.” The squadron arrived over Wash ington from New York at 2:54 p. m. today. They circued over the city, with held guns below booming in na tional salute, then headed for Arling ton National cemetery to drop flow ers on the tomb of America’s un known hero of the World war. Church Chimes King There • were ten planes in the squadron as it reached Washington just as a thundershower broke with a. heavy downpour of rain. The two world cruisers, flying abreast, were in the center of the group with the smaller escorting planes, flanking them. As tney appeared the chimes at Epipnany church in the city be low rang out first in “My Country ’Tis of Thee,” and then “It's a Long, Lens Trail.” ' A forced landing at Aberdeen, Ml, seventy miles north of Washington, interrupted the New York-Washing on lap. Fog over the bay and marsh ■egion about Aberdeen, the army ord nance proving ground, compelled the tilers. who, with their escorts, had battled against head winds sill the way from New York, to come to the giounu ter re-rueling. Coolidge and his cabinet. Mrs. Coolidge anil the cabinet lad* s. wet_e at Bolling Field early to greet the air heroes on their arrival. As word came that they were de layed the president decided to stick it out, abandoning luncheon engage ments. He had already waited for hours at the field despite rain and moist. officers at. the field had expected the fliers to lunch with them but promptly invited the .president and Mrs. Coolidge when the chief execu tive determined to stay on at the field. Their invitation was as prompt ly accepted and while the fliers were lunching at Aberdeen Mr. and Mrs. Coolidge went to the officers' mess at the field as guests of the air serv ice personnel. Cabinet Also Guests Cabinet members and their wives also became the officers’ luncheon guests and other high officials of the government departments and of the army and navy who had turned out to pay their own tributes to the worhf fliers. While preparations for the meal went forward word came from Aberdeen that the fog was al ready lifting. The rain had gone by 1 p. m., and the sun. was shining over the city. At the field the crowd of spectators jammed every point from which the landing place could be seen and there seemed to be no desire to leave. The presidential party had return ed to the field from the officers mess and Mr. Coolidge stood out be yond the guard line to watch the antics of a lone scout tumbling about high above patrolling the sky to the north for first glimpse of arriving machines. • That the capital's greeting might hold a military aspect befitting the accomplishment of the army air ( service, (feneral Pershing undertook supervision of a part of the arrange nients. and in a personal order di rected the full garrison at Fort My< r to be paraded and that the troops stand nt present arms, a salute to their comrades of the air. A troop of cavalry was detailed as a guard of honor’■around the tomb on the terrace of the memorial amphitheater at the cemetery and troops nt all other army posts in the district were in line for the re- C< ption. Published Every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday [N. Leopold, Jr. in ' - Found on Own Porch With Skull Crushed; Wife and Man Held FRANKLIN, Ga., Sept. 10. —Mrs. Tobe Hyde and a man giving his name as Dauss were lodged in jail here Tuesday as material witnesses, awaiting the outcome of Tobe Hyde s condition. Hyde was found by a passer-by early today on the floor of his front porch with his skull crushed, and is at the point of death. The Hyde farm is about five miles south of Franklin. The passerby was hailed by some persons at the Hyde home this morning, and requested to return to Franklin for a doctor. It wash explained that Hyde had been lying on the porch since 7 o’clock last evening. The persons at the Hyde home other than Mrs. Hyde and Dauss, left immediately after the doctor was summoned. Dauss states that he knows noth ing of how Hyde was injured, nor does he know of his being beaten. I It is, stated, however, that Dauss had blood spots on his cloth'ng when arrested, and that his nose is bruised and skinned. Mrs. Hyde will make no statement. Thousands Seeking Berths on ZR-3 on Trans-Atlantic Flight FRIE DE R ICHSHAFEN, Ger many, Sept. 9.—(By the Associated Press.) —Hundreds of telegrams and | letters which could be measured by | the bushel are pouring in upon the 1 American commission and the Zep- I pelin officials from persons in va-1 rious parts of Europe who are de sirious of having a. joy ride in the I dirigible airship ZR-3. which has [ been constructed here for the United States navy, when it cruises across I the Atlantic ocean to Lakehurst, ' New Jersey. Many of these requests are com- ! ing from American tourists in Switz- i e.land and other countries who have ! been reading of the trial flights of | the airship. One of the telegrams ■ was sent by the chef of the Hotel ; Adlon, in Berlin, who is anxious to work his way across the Atlantic. I He promised if permitted to embark on the ZR-3 that he would provide i dishes for every meal that is served during the voyage. Oklahoma Calls for 15,000 Cotton Pickers OKLAHOMA CITY, Okla.. Sept. I 9. —A call for 15,000 cotton pickers to help pick Oklahoma's 1,289,000 bales of cotton crop was issued to- [ day by Claude Connally, state labor commissioner. Cotton picking has started this week in many counties over the [ state, and a shortage of pickers has I been the complaint from several [ counties. Russ Georgia Province In Throes of Revolt CONSTANTINOPLE, Sept. .10.-- (By the Associated Press.) —The struggle between insurgents and the soviet forces in the Georgian repub lic is continuing fiercely, according to the latest reports reaching here. The insurgents hold the principal Trans-Caucasian railway. which runs through Tiflis to Baku. Martial law has been proclaimed I throughout the Caucasus and soviet I troops are being hurried to Georgia. Judge Wright to Speak ROME, Ga.. Sept. 9.—Defense il;;vi will be observed at Rome with a mass meeting nt the municipal audi torium to be addressed by Judge Moses Wright. The American Le cion drum and bugle corps and the Lindale band will play. Colonel Bar ry Wright and Captain Joe Carr, re serves officers, are in enarge of the plans. The Weather VIRGINIA, NORTH AND SOUTH CA ROLINA —Thursday fair. 11EO RGIA —T hll rsday fa ir. FLORIDA AND EXTREMI. NORTHWEST FLORIDA—Genet il ly fair Wednesday and Thursday. ALABAMA AND MISSISSIPPI Thursday slightly warmernn inte rior. TENNESSEE AND KENTUCY— Thursday unsettled and warmer. LOU ISIAN A —Thursday generally fair; warmer in the interior. ARK 4NSAS -Thursd »y in re is ng cloudiness. OKLAHOMA—Thursdav unsell !♦'d EAST TEXAS Iv fair. WEST TEXAS T y part! cloudy. Dress Remnants 66c a Yard Remarkable offer on 5-yard rem nants of serges, tii< .’tines and suit ings being made by Textile Mills Co.. Dept. 532, Kansas City. Mo. Write them ’today for free informa tion. (Adverti: ement.) COLE BLEASE LEMS BYRNES Bl 2.200 IN chum BICE Columbia State Concedes Victory, Saying Full Returns Will Not Change Result COLUMBIA, S. C., Sept. 10.—(By the Associated Press.)—Cole L. Blease, twice governor of South Carolina, and twice before a candi date for the senatorship, was lead ing James F. Byrnes, representative from the Second South Carolina dis trict, by a margin of 2,210 votes for the Democratic nomination as Unit ed States senator upon the basis of nearly complete unofficial returns from yesterday’s run-off primary, tabulated here early today. The vote, representing 1,295 pre cincts out of 1,354, stood: Blease, 97,462; Byrnes, 95,252. John M. Daniel, assistant attorney general, was leading .1. Monroe Spears, of Darlington, 98,182 to 89,- 254 for attorney general, and B. Har ris, incumbent, had a safe margin over James W. Shealy, of Lexing ton, for commissioner of agriculture, their respective votes being 104.965 and 80,509. Thomas S- McMillan, of Charles on, defeated Representative W. Tur ner Logan for the latter’s seat in congress from the First district, and in the Second district, Butler B. Hare, of Saluda, was nominated over Solicitor Robert L. Gunter, of Aiken, lor the place now held by Represen tative Byrnes. j Although the returns were incom plete the missing boxes were said to contain insufficient votes to change the relative standings as shown by this morning’s tabulation. The vote was: McMillan, 11.192; Logai/, 8,387; Hare, 11,332; Gunter, , 9,169/ Former Governor Blease went I into a lead over Representative Byrnes In’the first returns received, and he held his lead throughout the night, with the exception of a brief period when the Aiken congressman had some 400 votes more than his opponent. The margin separating the two candidates was seldom greater than 3,000 votes, although at times Mr. Blease’s lead approached 4,000. Later returns' favored Mr. Byrnes slightly, with the result that the final computation of available reports showed a difference of 2,210 between them- SENATOR JOSEPH E. RANSDELL LEADING IN LOUISIANA NEW ORLEANS, Sept. 10.—Sena -1 tor Joseph E. Ransdell, of Lake [Providence, apparently was renomi [ nated in yesterday’s Democratic ■ primary by an indicated majority of I more than 23,000 votes over Lee I Thomas, mayor of Shreveport, ac- I cording to unofficial returns early to- I day. i Returns from approximately 1,000 | precincts of the state’s 1,310, includ -1 ing the city of New Orleans, com- I plete, gave Ransdell 75,977, Thomas I 52,056. The vote in New Orleans was: Reports from the Sixtjh congres sional district indicated a close rice ! between Representative George <• iFavrot, of Baton Rouge, and Bolivar I Kerhp, of Amite. Returns from 120 of the 177 precincts in the district ! gave Favrot 10,972, Kemp 9,792. i This was the only one of the eight ! congressional districts in which there ! was a contest, the other seven con- ■ gressmen having no opposition. Huey P. Long, chairman of the ; public service commission and candi date for governor last year, was run -1 ning far ahe.d of his opponent, State Senator W. L. Bagwell, of West Carroll parish. Scattered and incom plete returns showed he was main taining a lead of four to one for re ! nomination to the service cotnmis I sion. j District judges, district attorneys land candidates for several places in i the state court of appeals also were i voted for. GILLETT EAS\ WINNER IX MASSACHUSETTS RAC E BOSTON. Sept. 10.—An easy vie i tory for Speaker Frederick 11. Gil lett, of the national house of repre sentatives. was tie outcome of the three-cornered contest for the Republican nomination for Unitec States senator in yesterday's pri mary. Returns from L 367 of the 1,432 precincts in the state, including Boston, complete, gave: Gillett. 137.022: Louis A. Coolidge. > 87,103; Congressman Frederick W. ' Dallinger, 73,920. RE EI.Ef TIOX Ol ( OUZENS SEEMS SURE IX MICHIGAN DETROIT, Sept. It'.—(By the As ‘ sociated Press.) —United States Sena tor Couzens, of Detroit, apparently has been nominated by the Repub licans of Michigan to succeed him self. At noon today, with I.SsS pre cincts of the 2,765 in the state re porting. he held a lead of 19.562 over his nearest rival. Federal Judge Ar thur J. Tuttle, of Detroit. The vote stood: Couzers 222.374 11 I 11. Sn th. 24,467; 1 Tussing. 22,618: Judge Tuttle, 202, 812 Senator Couzens wi nt into thi lead this afternoon when an avalanche of votes from Wayne coun tj, (Detroit), were tabulated. The •senator led two to one over Judge Tuttle in this city and plurality he-. wiped out a lead of about 30.000 which Tuttle gained in oilier parts of th? state. The short term for the United States senate, to fill the vacancy created b\ resignation of former S Xewberrj J which Sen C ns was - ■ Governor Groesbeck until the time of the November election this year, also may have been won by Couzens. Returns from 1.521 precincts in the state at noon gave him a lead of 5.791 over Judge Tuttle for the Fe -1 m nomination for t which will expire next March. The vote stood Couzens 165,308-' Hal 11. Smith. 24.662: Arthur J. Tut: e. 159- 517. Mortimer E. Cooley, dean of the engineering department of the Uni versity of Michigan, was the only Democratic candidate for ‘-Oih long ad short senatorial terms Governor Alex J. Groesbeck was WORLD NEWS TOLD IN BRIEF BL ENOS AIRES. —Censorship is 1 established throughout Chile. TOKIO. Severe storms cause thirty deaths and 312 injured. More than 3,000 homes are destroyed. WILMINGTONTxL c.— More than million gallons of kerosene are de stroyed in fire caused by lightning. NORTHAMPTON. Mass. James I',ucey, of Northampton, Mass., Pres ident Coolidge’s shoemaker friend, is nominated as Republican candi date for state representative. CHICAGO.— William M. Butler, chairman of Republican nat'ocai committee, issues statement declar ing that J. W. Davis has been eliminated from presidential contest W A SIII NG T ON.—P resident Coo' idge announces reappointment of David J. Lewis, of Maryland, as Democratic member of tariff com mission. SYRACUSE. N Y. —Thomas Hinds, vetertn Grand Circuit harness racing driver, dies after being thrown from sulky during races at New [ York State fair here. GENEVA. Disarmament com-1 mission of league assembly com-1 mences work on examination of questions and data on disarmament | and mutual plan of guarantees and [ assistance between states'. LONDON. Janies A. Logan, American unofticial observer with reparation commission, will un doubtedly be chosen American mem ber of commission under Dawes’ plan, Paris cable says. NEW YORK. —Marcus J. Gcroy.l arrested at Williamstown, N. Y. j for sending alleged threatening let-1 ter to Prince of Wales, is ordered committed to state hospital for in sane, following an examination. SANTIAGO, Chile.—Tense excite ment prevails after it becomes known that a reunion of naval of ficers at Valparaiso adopted resolu tions aligning the army and navy in a solid front against the politicians. SHANGHAI Eleven hundred marines, including 250 United States troops’, land at Shanghai to take up defensive position on boundaries of international settlement and vol unteer troops are mobilized for cal) in emergency. WASHINGTON.—President Cool idge consents to consider evidence of Canon William S. Chase, upon which is based demand for deporta tion of Luis Ai|gel Firpo, Argentine heavyweight. nominated by the Republicans for a third term by an overwhelming plurality. With reports from 1,527 precincts the vote stood Groesbeck .152,223; Herbert Baker, 51,731; James Hamilton, 62,124; Frederick Perry, 45,711 W. W. Potter, 10,929; Thomas Read, 8,347; Charles R. Sligh, 51,- 656. The renomination of the entire Michigan congressional delegation was indicated by additional returns today from Tuesday’s statewide pri mary. VERMONT G. O. P. NAMES GIBSON FOR CONGRESS MONTPELIER, Vt., Sept. 10 Ernest W. Gibson, Republican con gressman from the Second Vermont district, was renominated yesterday, defeating John W. Gordon by 3.700 votes out of a total of less than 19,000. For the Republican nomination for governor, Franklin K. Billings, the present lieulenant governor, with a vote of 29,000. defeated Roland E. Stevens bv three to one. The Re publican nomination for lieutenant governor S-nte Sena/'j- Wal ter K. Farns’vo '. > who defeated State Senator J. Gteg-ry Smith. Congressman Gibson’s act in vot ing to override President Coolidge’s veto of the soldiers’ bonus bill had been used as a campaign argument against him. Other th:i.< ’his, no issues ta:srd had tny rearing on the natici-al campa)., i. FIFTH TERM ASSURED FOR ARIZONA GOVERNOR PHOENIX. Ariz.. Sept. 10.—Re- , nomination of Governor George W. i P. Hunt, seeking his fifth term q,s ; governor of Arizona, seemed assured j : today on the face of returns from ! 229 precincts out of 479 in the state. |; which gave him a lead of more than ' two to one over the combined votes < polled by his two opponents in the i triangular contest in the Democratic gubernatorial primaries. |; The vote stood: Hunt. 9.371: Os- i born, 4,105. and Samuel. 3,204. 11 ” Dwight. B. Heard was leading I i Thomas Maddock in the Republican [ 1 contest for nomination for governor 11 by 1,545 votes. The votes from 229 p precincts gave: Heard. 5.097: Mad- I dock. 3,552. A i KEMP NAMED TO CONGRESS FROM 6TH 1.01 ISIANA DISTRICT BATON ROUGE. La., Sept. 10.— I Bolivar F. Kemp, of Amite City, was - elected congressman from the Sixth i congressional district over George; i K. Fav»ot, of Baton Rouge, accord- t ing to tie State Times. Kemp’s m-a-| < jority will be approximately 1.250 : i votes nracti. ally complete returns!; indicate. With a few scattered pre- < eincts missing over the district- 1 Kemp has a lead of 1 ) ->'• votes KLAN C ANDIDATES LEAD IN ( OI.ORADO PRIMARY DENVER. Col., Sept. 10. —With ' nearly half of Colorado's 1,492 pre cincts reported, Judge Clarence J. , Morley and Colonel Rice W. Means, j Republican candidates for governor . and United States senator short term. - respectively, running with the sup" 'j port of the Ku Klux Klan, were holding lead? today. ] The standing of the Republican , gubernatorial candidates in the Re- ; publican primary, according to re- ] ports compiled gy the Associated i Press from 645 precincts was: Rock- < well 2-3,181; Morley 24,236; Cooley ’ Means, klan endorsee, had a lead I of more than 2,000 votes over his 1 nearest opponent. Charles W. Water man, in returns from 588 purecincts. The vote: Meins 17,587; Waterman 15,2>6, and Charles J. Moynihan, i 9.157. In the race for Democratic nomi nations for the short senate term, Morris Shafroth. son of former ed States Sei S had a had of nearlv 6.'.'00 votes over WASHINGTON. —Government re port predicts a decline of 63.000.000 bushels in corn crop prospects. I’LYMOUTH. Vt.—Coolidge-Dan es caravan, bound for Pacific coast, sets out from president’s birthp'lace. NEW ORLEANS. — Four men are shot to death and two others are probably fatally wounded as result of gun battle at polling booth of St. Landry parish. Louisiana. MOSCOW. —Soviet authorities in troduce radio broadcasting in Rus sia, and permit use of radio sets, but prohibit receipt of matter not sent out by government stations. PUTNAM. Conn. —First National Bank of Putnam, Conn., closed when its cashier, G. Harold Giljat ric, former state treasurer, at tempted suicide, is short $700,000, federal investigation shows. DETROIT.—United States Senator James Couzens is trailing Federal Judge Arthur J. Tuttle in race for Republican nomination for United States senator in early returns in Michigan. SANTIAGO.—ChiIean senate de i clines to pccer ■ resignation of Presi dent Alessandri. who has removed himself as- head of state at request of military group and sought shel ter of American embassy. BOSTON—Frederick H. Gillett, speaker of the house of representa tives, has wide lead in race for Re publican nomination as United States senator on basis of early re turns from Massachusetts primaries. W ’.SHINGTON.—Two of Ameri ca’s world flight airplanes reach Washington safely in flight from New York en route to Pacific coast, but New Orleans, Lieutenant Nelson piloting, is forced down by engine trouble near Baltimore; highest of ficials, including President Coolidge, greet fliers at landin°- field. AUGUSTA, Me. Election of Ralph O. Brewster, Republican, as governor of Maine, over Wm. R. Pattangall, Democrat, and Bert M. Fernaid, Republican incumbent, as United States senator, as well as all four Republican candidates for congress, is assured. NEW YORK.—American world fliers on arrival at Mitchel field, from Boston after receipts of New York’s noisy greeting and personal welcome from 15,000 at field, are overwhelmed with messages of con gratulations, including one from King George, of England. IB STITES FLAWING lII6.IMOSUITOB U. S. COMMENT NEW YORK, Sept. 10.—Governor Smith today approved a contract whereby New York will join a num ber of other states in a joint suit against the United States govern ment for the return of direct taxes t proximating $300,000,000 paid im mediately after the Civil war. New York’s claim totals $49,029,87 5. Virtually all the other states Ir the union either have adopted o’ are negotiating contracts providing for their participation in the joint action, according to State's Attorney General Sherman. Delaware, Floi ida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Lousi ana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Mon tana, New Hampshire, North Caro lina, Oregon, South Carolina, Ten nessee, New York and West Virginia already have completed steps to join the action, he said. The sut will seek the recovery of direct taxes levied by the govern mnt on certain manufacturers in the year 1866, 1867 and 1868. Burton Smith, a New York lawyer and brother of Hoke Smith, former senator from Georgia, has been ap pointed general counsel for all the states. Suits already authorized by sixteen states call for the return of more than $116,000,000. In addition to New York’s more than $49,000,000 the amounts to be sought are: Delaware, $1,473,740.45; Florida,! $918,004.82; Georgia, $11,897,094.98; Illinois, $6,403,2269.72; Indiana, $2,- 154,361.09; Louisiana, $11,980078.14; j Minnesota, $151,463.03; Mississippi, $8,742,995.93; Montana, $33,410.53; . New Hampshire. $6,523,114.60; North Carolina, $2,682,964.60; Oregon, $235,- 630.85; South Carolina, $1,172,421.16; Tennessee, $7,873,460.71; West Vir ginia, $1,462,101.16. Mr. Smith is by contract with the lawyers representing the respective states entering the com pact. In addition to the sixteen states entering the compact. In ad di.ion to the ixteen states whiS’h al ready have signed contracts, Mr. Smith said, twenty-nine other states are-preparing documents which will make them aprties to the litigation. The suit is to be filed in the United States supreme court. It is to oe a permissive suit, as the government cannot be made defendant in civil litigation. A joint resolution to cover this ob stacle was introduced in the senate by Senator Keyes, of New Hamp shire. last June and referred to the judiciary committee after two read ings. This is the first organized effort launched against the government for the return of the direct tax, Mr. Smith said. Manj individual suns have been prosecuted, however, by taxpayers or their heirs in different states. A victory in the joint sun would give the taxpayers who paid the direct tax. or their heirs, an op portunity to bring forward their claims. his opponent. Benjamin C. Hilliard, of Denver. Returns from 423 pre cincts gave Shafroth 8,571 and Hil liard 2.882. Senator Lawrence C. Phipps, Re publican. and Alva B. A<’-tms. Demo crat, were unopposed ami will op pose each other for the six year term in Noe ember. Atlanta, Ga., Thursday, September 11, 1924 SHINGHII DEFENSE PUSHED BISK. BUT BEGIWSEOSTM Furious Counter Attack Straightens Line—More Marines Landed SHANGHAI. Sept. 9.—(By the As sociated Press.)—A terrific rainstorm which continued several hours and flooded Shanghai streets to a depth of two feet late this afternoon halted fighting between the Chekiang and Kiangsu armies west and northwest of the city. Chinese military traditions provide for suspension of hostilities in bad weather. Reports received after the down pour interrupted the war showed that the Chekiang forces defending Shanghai,, who started an active of fensive against the Kiangsu troops today, had made slight gains at some points, merely holding their own at others. In addition, meager reports re ceived from the westenli front where Chekiang troops, assisted by some from the province of Fukien, are fighting northward along the west ern shore of Taihu (Lake) indicated that they were nearing Ihing, which was being defended by two brigades of Kiangsu soldiers. Would Frank Invaders Capture of Ihing will bring the Chekiang army another step neater its. objective, Changchow, on the Shanghai-Nanking railway behind the Kaingsu lines, severing the lat ter army’s communications. The Chekiang forces defending Shanghai against the Kiangsu troops regained alll the ground they lost in the Liuho sector, northwest of this city, it was announced here late today. Announcement of the successful counter attack near Liuho was made at the Lungwha headquarters of the Chekiang forces after two major bat tles had engaged the troops for sev eral hours. Both battles, representing counter attacks by the Chekiang troops against the invading Kiangsu forces, were started at noon. One, in the Shanghai-Nanking railway sector, was started between Nansiang and Hwangtu, with Anting, twenty miles from Shanghai, as the objective. The other was at Liuho, on the coast northwest of Woosung. An observer who returned from that front at 4 o’clock this afternoon reported that he had seen the Chekiang troops push forward their fighting line for a gain of two miles. Thci rainfall which stopped the fighting started very soon afterward, at about 4:15 p. m. The Lungwha announcement re ferred to the coiintcr-attack along the railway as a “tremendous ef fort.” At almost the same time the fight ing started, defense units mounted guard at the approaches to the inter national settlement and the French concession, rnafting l effective in those parts of the city the “state of emer gency” which has been declared to exist. The international settlement here tonight had assumed a most warlike aspect. Defense units, besides plac ing guards at all approaches to the settlement, constructed a number of barbed wire barricades fbr use in the streets entering the Settlement, in the event of an attempted influx of straggelsr from the belligerent qrtnies. The municipal council this after noon published regulations designed to govern possible entry of Chinese soldiers into the foreign sections. Streets Kept Clear “Chinese troops, soldiers and po lice of whatsoever description are forbidden to enter or remain in the settlement or the roads belonging thereto,” the regulations read. “No person, unless he be a consu lar officer, or a member of naval oi military forces landing for the pur pose of aiding the civil power or un less duly authorized by this counsel; shall under any pretense whatsoeve appear on the streets of the settle ment in uniform or wearing any dis tinctive dress or badge signifying membership in any particular organi zation or association. “No person shall under any pre tense carry any flag or banner, or wear any sash or device on the streets bearing an inscription either ! in Chinese or a foreign language. “Any person contravening the I terms of this warning, or interfer- i ing with police or authorized officers, will lie arrested forthwith.” Out of a series or reports from the defending forces of Shanghai in the last twenty-four hours it was apparent that the fighting was be ing carried closer to the city by the ! invading forces. More Marines Landed Warned by firing west of here at Nansiang, twelve miles from the citv, foreign governments landed 1.100 troops from twenty-two war ships stationed in the harbor at ! daybreak today, and were ready to defend the foreign settlement should it come within the line of fire be fore nightfall. Marines were ordered to be landed as follows: Representing the United States. 250; Great Britain, 360; Ja pan. 400; Italy, 100. Fighting was carried on today at three points on the 100-mile front west and south of Shanghai. While no decisive action took place, rein forcements were thrown into the fray by both sides. There was some indication here that General Ho Feng-Lin, defense Commander <>f Shanghai, might quit for a cash consideration of $2,000,- 000, but the report was not war ranted by any of the aggressive steps being taken by General Ho to drive back the invading forces from the western portion of Kiangsu province in which Pekin is located. Gallstone Troubles Physician advises simple palliative treatment for inflamed - gall bladder and bile ducts associated with gall stone--. Before deciding on surgery write Dr. Paddock. Desk 12. Kan sas City, Mo„ for free booklet n Gallstone Troubles and explaining his treatment.— (Advertisement.) Richard Loeb | Text of Opinion In Franks Case CHICAGO. Sept. 10.—(By the Associated Press.) —The full text of Judge John R. Caverly’s decision in the Franks case follows: “In view of Ihe profound and unusual interest that this case has aroused, not only in this community, but in the entire country, and even beyond its boundaries, the court feels it his duty to state the reasons which have him to the de termination Jie has reached. “It: is not an uncommon thing that pleas of guilty are entered in criminal cases, but almost without exception in the past, such pleas have been the result of a virtual agreement between the defendant and the state’s at torney, whereby, in considera tion of the plea, the state’s at torney consented to recommend to the court a sentence deemed appropriate by him, and, in the absence of special reasons to the contrary, it is the practice of the court to follow such recom mendations. “In the present case, the sit uation is a different one. A plea of guilty las been entered by the defense without a previ ous understanding with the pros ecution and without any knowl edge whatever cn its part. More over, the plea of guilty did not in this particular case, as it usually does, render the task of the prosecution easier by sub stituting admission of guilt for a possibly difficult anfl uncer tain chain of proof. Here the state was in posses sion, not only of the essential, substantiating facts but also of voluntary confessions on the part of the defendants. The plea of guilty, therefore, does not make a special case in favor of the defendants. Since both of the cases, that, namely, of murder and that of kidnaping for ransom, were of a character which invested the court with discretion as to the extent of the punishment, it be came his duty .under the statute to examine witnesses as to the aggravation and mitigation of the defense. This duty has been fully met. By consent of coun sels for the state and for the de fendants, the testimony in the murder case has been accepted as equally applicable to the case of kidnaping for ransom. In addition, a prima facie case was made out for the kidnaping case as well. Detailed Testimony The testimony introduced, both by the prosecution and the de fense, has been as detailed and elaborate as though the case had been tried before a jury. It has been given the widest publicity, and the public is so fully famil iar with all its phases that it would serve no useful purpose to restate or analyze the evi dence. By pleading guilty, the defend ants have admitted legal respon sibility for their acts; the testi mony has satisfied the court that the case is not one in which it would have been possible to set t.p successfully the defense of in sanity, as insanity is defined and understood by the established law of this state for the pur pose of the administration of criminal justice. The court, however, feels im plied to dwell briefly on the mass of data produced as to the physical, mental and moral con dition of the two defendants. They have been shown in es sential respects to be abnormal; had they been normal they would not have committed the crime. It is beyond the province of this court, as it is beyond the ca pacity of human science in its present state of development, to predicate ultimate responsibility for human acts. Alienist Testimony Futile At the same time, the court is willing to recognize that the care ful analysis made of the life history of the defendants and of their present mental, emotional and ethical condition, has been of extreme interest and is a valu able contribution to criminology. And yet, the court feels strong ly that similar analysis made of other persons accused of crime would probably reveal similar or different abnormalities. The value of such tests seems to lie in their applicability to crime and criminals in general. Sjnce they concern the broad questions of human responsibility and legal punishment, and are in no wise peculiar to these individual de fendants, they may be deserving of legislative but not of judicial consideration. For this reason the court is satisfied that his judgment in the present case can not be affected thereby. The testimony in this case re-j veals a crime of singular atroci tj’. It is, in a sense, inexplicable; (Continued on I‘age 2, Column 5) a CEN io A COPY, Si A YEAR. DDYS HEIU JURIST WITH STOICAL CILM IS HE RECITES FITE > ) Abnormality Plea No Factor, Caverly Says, in Statement Explaining Action Leopold Gives Even Bet That He, Loeb and Third • Murderer Will All Hang CHICAGO, Sept. 9.—Nathan Leopold, Jr., today offered to bet even money that he will hang for the murder of Robert Franks. He also offered to lay an even term parlay bet that he, Richard Loeb, his partner in crime, and Russell Scott, awaiting trial on ■ charges of murdering Joseiph Maurer, all will be sentenced to hang. The offer was made today in the county jail when reporters < were admitted fpr their last in terview before Justice Caverly will read his sentence tomorrow. “I have only a penny,” Leo pold said, pulling a single coin out of his pocket, “so it will have to be a gentleman’s agreement.” None of the reporters offered to take the bet and further* pro ceedings were stopped by a guard, who reminded the youthful slayer that betting is prohibited by the jail rules. “Well, I don’t want to go to the island (solitary confinement), so I guess we can’t really bet, ’ Leopold said. CRIMINAL COURT BUILDING. CHICAGO, Sept. 10.—(By the Asso ciated Press.) —Sentence of life im prisonment lor the murder of four teen-year-old Robert Franks and of ninety-nine years imprisonment for kidnaping the boy, were meted out today to Nathan F- Leopold, Jr., and Richard Loeb by Judge John R. Cav trly. The youth of the defendants, eighteen and nineteen years, was all that saved them frotri" the noose. “It would have been the path ot least resistance to impose the ex treme penalty of the law,” said the gray-haired judge in hisdecision. “In choosing imprisonment instead of death the court is moved chiefly by the age of the defendants, boys of eighteen and nineteen years.” “It is not for the court to say that he will not in any case enforce capital punishment, but he believes it is within his province to decline to impose the sentence of death on persons who are not of full age. “This determination appears to be in accordance with the progress of criminal law all over the world and to the dictates of enlightened hu manity. More than that, it seems to be in accordance with the precedents in this stace.” Only Two Minors Hanged “The records of Illinois show on ly two cases of minors who were put to death by legal process, to which number the court does not fee! inclined to make an addition.” Judge Caverly added that while life imprisonment “may not strike the public imagination as forcibly as would hanging,” yet “to the of fenders, particularly of the type they are, the prolonged suffering of years of confinement may well be the severer form of retribution and expiation.” He pointed out that under the state law it is within the dis cretion of the department of publics welfare never to admit these - * de. fendants to parole and that “if thia course is persevered in, the pun. ishnient will satisfy, the ends of justice and saf ’g’jard the interests of society.” Crowe Still for Death Robert E. Crowe, state’s attorney, in a formal statement issued imme diately after the session, said: “I still believe that the death pen alty is the only penalty feared by murderers.” He said the responsibility for the decision rests with the court alone and that he had no desire to criticize it, but. that he would continue*to du “everything within my power to en force the law honestly and vigorous ly without regard to the status of the criminal.” State’s Attorney Crowe said that Leopold and Loeb probably would not start for Joliet before 2 p. m. Should it take more time to execute the necessary papers, he said that the start would not be made before i r. ni. “It was all we could have asked for,” said Clarence S. Darrow, chief of defense counsel. “There will be no appeal.” “I do not regard it as a victory except a victory for justice,” said Benjamin Bachnach of defense coun sel as he shook off those who offered congratulations on the youths’ es cape from the noose. “Do not con gratulate me personally.” Nathan F. Leopold, Sr., sat silently weeping. He offered no comment and merely nodded his head when friends grouped about him and whis pered in his ears. Foreman Leopold, Nathan’s older brother, relaxed visibly as the judge reached the words in his statement which meant life for the youths. He had sat with tense face as the judge read from his maunscript.. Won’t Seek Release Nathan Leopold, Sr., said he would never attempt to obtain the release of his son from the penitentiary. When asked again if that was his attitude, he replied emphatically, “surely, surely.” Allan Loeb, athlete brother of Richard, beamed smiles, but said nothing. Jacob Leob, uncle of Rich ard, and former head of Chicago's public school .board, remained silent, although he relaxed visibly after Judge Caverly had passed sentence. The Loebs and Leopold watched anxiously as Nathan, Jr., and Rich ard were herded quickly back to the elevator to be returned to their jail cells. Then, as the court room emptied rapidly, Jacob Loeb inter rupted an interview of a half score of newspapermen with: “Oh, Clar- (Continued on-Page 2, Column 1)