Newspaper Page Text
THE ATLANTA GE0R6H AN AND-NEWS.
TIKSDAY. FEnilL'AHT U, M97.
mm
THE DEFINITION OF GRAPHITE AND ITS USES
USED FOR
1. Foundry Facings.
2. Crucibles.
3. Lubricating Purposes.
4. Fireproof, Roofing Paint, Shingles,
or Composition.
5. Lubricating Cylinders and Engines.
6. Pencils.
7. Rustproof Metal Paint.
8. Graphite and Grease Takes Place of
Red Lead in Steam and Water Fit
tings.
9; Stove Polish.
10. Coloring for Concrete Work, Giv
ing it a Steel Grey Cast, and Cements
Well With The Mixture.
11. Colors Tiling a Beautiful Dark and
Will Not Peel Up or Weaken theTile.
12. Refuse and Poorer Grade Used for
Making Filler Used in Commercial
Fertilizer.
GRAPHITE
(Columbia Cyclopedia, Vol. 17.
page 203—A mineral form ot
the element Carbon, known
chiefly by the name plumba
go or black lead, though
lead does not at all enter into
its composition used in the
manufacture of pencils.
It contains more, or.less of alumina, silica, lime t iron, etc., to the
extent of 1 to 47 per cent apparently mixed rather than chemically combined
/ !_,* < ; ' ‘ v .
Black lead ia the popu^f name, and that by whicjrit is generally .known in N
the arte.. Uraphite ia that generally preferred by the mineralogiata. The name
hlaok lead aeems unfortunate, as no lead eutera into tiie composition of tho
mineral. It sometimes occurs crystallized in short imbedded hexagonal prisms,
hut generally massive, and more or leas radiated, foliated, scaly, or compact'
It is of a greyish-black color, with a somewhat metalic luster, and is perfectly
opaque. It is greasy to the touch and is n perfeet conductor of electricity. It
is found in primary and transition rocks, as in gueias, inica-aUte, quartz-rock,
green itone and day-slate and somewhat abundantly in various parts of the
world. It is so far combustible that it burns with much difficulty even before
the blow pipe. On which account it is much used for the manufacture of cru
cibles or melting-pots, which withstand great heat. These are not, however,
made of mere black lead but of black lead powder mixed with half its
weight of clay. And it is employed for making pencils. It is also extensively
used to give black gloss to iron grates, stoves, railings, machinery, etc., and
to dismiss tho frictions of the belts aud other parts of machinery. Lately it
has been suggested as a lubricant in the cartridge for rifles instead of lard or
tsllow. Much of it is obtained at Rarrowdale, Cumberland. Ktigland. There
arc also great deposits in Miasoiiri and Siberia.
What the NEW INTERNATIONAL ENCYOLPEDIA, Vol 8, Page 024, Bayi
of Onphite:—
A dark steel gray or black mineral, hardness of 1.2 and specific gravity
2.25 to 3.27.
It crystallizes in the hexagonal system, and may occur iu foliated form,
massive,, or even in hexagonal crystnls, hut its greasy feel, softness and black
streak enables it to be easily distinguished; while black lead ia the popular
name, it ia misleading, for graphite is nenrl vpure carbon .with only one or two
per cent of impurities. .
Two forms of graphite are recoguized. viz., the crystalline or pure
graphite and the amorphoua or graphite anthracite. The deposits form veins,
disseminations or beds. On account of thr chemical similarity to anthracite
coal, many have considered graphite to he the organic origin, and some have
taken its presence in I’re-Cambrian rocks sr an indication of the existence
of plant life at that time. The orgauic theory is correct, however, in only a
few instances; e. g.. when beds of coal are found passing into graphite authra-
. cits as the result of intense metorphis in certain parts of the deposit. The
Rhode Island and Varvarian graphite is of this nature. In vein deposits or
ilisseminatians in gneisses rocks it is more probable that it has originally been
“introduced intfl'the rook in the fomi of a liquid hydrocarbon which has sttHse-
queutly been converted into graphite,-while in other eases, as in Ceylon, Weius-
chenk believes that the graphite is of volcanic origin, and due to reactions
between carbon dioxide and evanogen compounds. In some lime-stoucs which
have been subjected to the contact metaporphitim the carbonaceous matter
has been changed to graphite.
Tho chief commercial sources of graphite are Ceylon and Austria-Hun
gary. smaller amounts being produced iu Bavaria. Italy, Siberiu. Mexico.
Japan. Canada and the I'nited States. The Ceylon deposits, whieh are worked
emiretyhy natives, are of gTcnt extent, and masses of-solid graphite-weighing -
several hundred pounds are sometiifles found. The Canadian graphite occurs
in Lnurentina Rocks, notably in the vicinity of Brougham, and have been
obtained iu lumps of large size. In the I'nited States Crystalline graphite is
mined near Hague. X. Y., and to a considerable extent in Chester County,
Pennsylvania. In the former locality it occurs in a bed of quartzite inclqscd
between gneiss. Other localities in the I’nited Sthtes are Alabama. Wyoming,
(ieorgia. N'orth Carolina. Wisconsin, Michigan aud Rhode Island. That ob
tained in the last two localities is amorphous graphite.
Refuse and poorer grade used for making filler used in commercial fer
tilizer.
Recently the substitution of a mixture of graphite and grease for red'
lead Iirr met with much success.
Since graphite, as it occurs in nature, is always with other minerals,
the material after being mined is crushed, and then put through some kind of
cleaning or concentrating proceaa. The separation hi done either by means of
an air current or water, preferably the latter. •
Although the product of graphite in the t'uited States has been, in
creasing almost every year, still the amount produced is far .from sufficient
to supply the domestic demands. The imports, therefore, conttnua to he
large. In 1897 the imports were 19,114,009 pounds, valued at $270,952, and
in 1900 they were 52.299,000 pounds, valued at $1,390,141. The production of
the United States for the same year was 3.39:1,000 pounds and 6,193,000 pounds,
respectively.
Qraphite in Georgia—Historical and Industrial Oeorgia—1000-1901.
Graphite occurs in a number of localities in the Northern part of tho
state, hut whether in quantities of a quality that would pay systematic devel
opment is not known, but it has been niiued in considerable quantities near
Emerson. Ua„ for use in the fhauufacture of fertilizers. Page 147.
Both massive and folicate varieties o ft bin mineral occur in .considera
ble quantities associated with the highly metaniorphs state aud schists along
the western margin'of the crystalline area. It is quite abundant in the neigh
borhood of Emerson. Bartow county, (Ieorgia. where it is now mined and
used iu the emde state as a filler for commercial fertilizers.
Unlike gold '.silver, platinum, copper, iron, lead ami all other chemi
cals. graphite can be used but once.
The prices of graphite products vary from paint material at $50 per
ton to *300 per ton, for grades used iu the process ot Lithographing. Photo-
gruphiug, Stereotyping. The demand for graphite in the United States is ho
great with a steadily increasing consumption that we are importing from
foreign countries eighty (80) per cent of the amount annually consumed and
as graphite can he employed hut ouce in any of the numerous uses to which
it is put, each year's consumption.demands an entirely new supply, in face
of the significant fact that the sourees of supply for the world arc steadily
decreasing, while the demand broadens both as to quantity needed'for present,
uses with new uses for its employment constantly coming to the front. I'nleaa
the supply can be increased a sharp advance in prices "must soon occur, be-'
cause there is absolutely nil substitute for gruphite iu the principal uses in
which it is employed, like crucibles, lead pencils, foundry facings, etc.,' etc.
Referring to the excess of importations over domestic production, the
United States Geological Report, 1903, says: "The importance of the graphite
industry is well emphasized by this table and also the benefit that would be de
rived by this country if large deposits could lie found.''
Andiu thc report for 190j. it J& jiaidt ;
Ou accoqnt of the constaut increase iu demand for graphite and
of the fact that there is from six to ten times as much graphite imported into
the United States as there is mined in this country. Much interest is aroused
by the discovery of any new deposits of it.
"A foreign demand exists for an American flake gFaphifcTalthougb IT
present the domestic consumption is so grcai as to exclude all exports."
Profir.
Cost per III Job.
In cents.. price per
PRIFIT HI GRAPHITE MANUFACTURING. It, iu . u.
7 Contains material to be used for fine lead
pencils 2 li
6 Contains material for stove polish, paints
and foundry facing 1 1 1 2 :l j
2 Contains Flakes. Small. Unpolished.,
1 Contains Grainy Graphite, HO mesh screen:.
3 Contains innterial for stove polish No. I
4 Contains material for paint and cheap
stove polish
Special contains material for paiut and
foundry facinga
F 3 Contains mixture 50 per cent L 1. 10
per cent B1
M 1 Contains fine lubricating flakes. •. —. ..
200 per cent.
3
l'y
1 • -.
3L.
3
150 per cent
233 per cent
200 per cent
150 per cent
1
1
•>l.
100 per cent
150 per cent
2»4
125 per cent
266 peir-cent
HAVE BEEK PLACED
Indictments Are Returned
Against Corporations
and Individuals.
Iprli! t« Tbs Gen rills.
Savannah. (la., Fab. II.—Late yealar-
41V the (rand Jury of tho United
stun court returned a larto batch of
indictments against the so-csiled tur-
Hntme trust. Indictments were return-
»4 igalnst the following;
Corporations.
The s. p. Shotter Company.
The l’.vereon-Downlng Company.
Individuals.
Srencer r. Shotter. president of the
" P- Shotter Company, now chairman
■'I the hoard of directors of the Amerl-
c»n Naval mores Company.
J. I'. Cooper Myere. vice president
»n4 central manager of the 8. P. Shot-
’J r company, now vice president of
the American Naval Stores Company.
J' E. Driscoll, domestic manager of
■> S. t\ Shotter Company, now with
‘ Icon Naval Htorea Company'.
the An
Herman Wcibert. Savannah man-
**er nr the Antwerp Naval Stores
company, a foreign corporation, with
headquarter) In Antwerp.
H A 8-hroder. manager of the for-
I!*” department of the Paterson-
I? 1 ""* f ' n i»Pany-
Harry H. Union, formerly Saran-
"»i manager of tho Pitersoit-Down-
2* ' ''pony, now with the American
N *\»: *ore„ Company.
Ae-.an'ier Knight, of London. Eng-
, "f the Mrm „f Mtcolt & Knight,
atorc. Importer), who have been
reprewntM ),ere_by James Parte, Jr.
’ ’he defendants went at once
,, c " ,r '. "here bond wee arranged
of tin.ooo. It le expected
‘ >!r " wry. Interesting evidence
'* ''nhcomlng when lha cases
... : 1 i»r trlnl. Assistant District
Vexanrter Akcrman, while
11 no details of the proponed
("i- publication, assumes a
'tr.g nlr.
thing
■n. Monkey er Mouse f"
hm o. Mitchell, ot Clncln-
"ire at tho 8t. Pauls Metn-
' q>al church Tuesday night
Monkey or Mouse.” The
the church bulidlne
SICK HEADACHE
BELL’S NEW EXCHANGE
FINISHED THIS SUMMER
Call “Ivy” For Num
bers on New
Line.
Are-proof, with* brick ami Ifcrru rolls
flClBffH.
13,000 PHONES
WILL BE ADDED
Modern Buildiug iu Aulmru
Avenue Is Nearing
Completion.
hosmmt Cuaea ov
Texet tmu Pats.
With an eye to the future and warn
ed by the phrnomlnally rapid growth
of the telephone system In Atlanta,
the Southern Bell Telephone mid Tele
graph Company Is finishing ns rapidly
as expert workmen ran turn the trlek.
the new telephone exchange In Au
burn avenue, and In the middle of the
coming summer when the switchboards
in the new building are started work
ing. the company will he nblo to take
rare of some 13.000 more telephones.
Already the finishing touches are be.
lag placed ou the building, but It Is
the Installation "f ihe multitude of
and the so Itehboards that re -
pulrcs time nod the services of the
most expert workmen. Judging front
present Indication these men will have
finished their work h> the time the
summer Is half through.
It was a year ngo that the man
agement of toe lleU'Companj foresaw
what was coming In Atlanta and III ol
der to be m position to handle the
immense growth they saw coming, the
new Auburn avenue exchange was de-
The U new exchange provides for the
future grow tit Of Atlanta ami elimi
nates the possibility of conarstton In
■he main and north exchange. In this
way them will b.' ample facilities for
.11 imisocrt'vr subscribers and serv-
Ice " III be maintained at the highest
state of efficiency.
To Bt Ivy Eschangs.
This exchange "HI be known as the
Ivy exchange and on It "III be placed
many subscribers who ore now on the
north and main exchanges so this will
.. , ,, I 0 .a ,,n these two and eta-
Its, t hers In «ueh a mats
,o the highest efficiency
In 1802 there were onlv something
over (.000 teleplr nea working In At
lanta on the Bell lines and now thla
number has Inercaaed to over 12.000,
with Incteaaes being ahowr. every day.
Seeing this marvelous growth. It was
t\p to the management to <ake caro
of It and "bile the present facilities
arc adequala. It Is expected that Inside
of a year or more, the systeih will hive
entirely outgrown the present facilities.
By that time the Ivy exchange will
have long been In operation and sev
eral years more of growth
been provided for.
rill have
For Biliousness and Siek Headache.
Take Orlno Laxative Fruit Syrup. It
sweetens the stomach, aids digestion
and acta as a gentle stimulant on the
liver and bowels without Irritating
theee organa. Orlno Luxatlve Fruit
Syrup cures biliousness and. habitual
constipation. Does not nauseate or
gripe and la mild and pleasant to take.
Remember the name Orino and refuse
to accept any substitute. Hold by all
druggist*.
NOBLE CHURCH WORKER
IS DEAD IN AUGUSTA.
Special to The tleorgli*.
Augusta, Ga., I>b. 12.—After an Ill
ness of two days. Mrs. W. O. Weath-
ershee, of Hephilbali. died at Ihe city
hospital here yesterday. Mrs. Weulh-
erabee was one of ilie beat known and
most beloved ladles In her community,
and was u great church worker. Hhe
Is survived by a husband and five rhll-
dren. The cause of her death Is said to
have been appendicitis.
Remans Attending Mardi Drat.
Special to The Oeorglan.
Borne, tla., Feb. 12.—Dr. and Mrs.
Bettis. Superintendent K. L. Met.In. of
the”*Anchor duck mills, and Ed Cole,
have gone In New Orleans to take In
the Mardi (Iras festivities.
Ladies* 0 Size
SO Year Gold Filled
MERRY
WAS
RECEIVED BY
MANY THOUSANDS
LONGINO CUTS OUT
WATERWORKS BUT
Special to The Georgian.
New Origan*, La„ Fob. 12—"All Hell
to Rex." la the greeting that merry
monarch In receiving today on the
street* of New Orleans. The weather
ta Ideal and n greater throng than ever
before la »een on the street*.
R. H. Downman, with hlw queen. Mil
Pearl Wright, one of tlie beauties of
the Crescent City, will reign at the
grand ball.
flex In having bln parade with a mag
nificent pageant today and tonight the
mystic krewe of momun will wind up
the street pageantry, with a beautiful
display.
There la promiscuous inaaking today
and the beat of eplrltn prevail. So far
police report no serious trouble and
the featlvltlea have not been marred by
any unpleasant feature*.
PHYSICIANS NAMED
TD TEST THE SANITY
Of JOHN BULLARD
Dr. J. H. Hahd. of Atlanta. Dr. John
Hoc hen hull! Jr., of t'umining. and Dr.
W. B. Tnte, of Tate, have been ap
pointed by Governor Terrell a boar 1
to examine and report to him an to
the mental condition of John Kultard,
of ('obb county
Milliard In under aentence of death
for alaylng lit* daughter, and recently
Attorney Herbert I’lay asked the gov
ernor to name a board to examine Bui
laid an to hi* sanity.
ELGIN
T Java!*.
tribute
Dy,peals
I'oaitlpatMa
Ifemels
pala,oogrtpip»
SMALL FILL.
SMALL
SMALL MICE.
The butUtlii* t
Octal! ami while li «•'
ib'tn in Ha
II.v-
h no plan* h»
SUBURBAN RESIDENTS
WANT LOWER FARES
INSISTS ON LIGHT
<’ouncilman T. D. I.onglno, who In
troduced at the first aesalon of the
new council an ordinance calling for a
mllllon-dcdlnr bond election for the
Improvement of the waterworks and
the erection of a municipal lighting
plant and a new hoapltal. ns*ert« that
he will make further effort a to have it
paired without the waterworks feature.
“The ordinance," aa>* Dr. Longlno.
"U now in the- handn of the finance
committee, where It aeenia to have been
•Ido-tracked. If I can ever get It out
of there | will peek to have it paatei,
with the Improvements to the water
works eliminated thla having been
provided for In a separate bond elec
tion.
*J am going to wait a teaponable
length of time for the committee to re
port before 1 go any further.*'
ANNOUNCEMENT.
NCR AND
MATINEE TODAY—TONIGHT.
THE EMINENT COMEDIAN
BIJOU
iUN,uni—MATINEE TODAY.
GOO DW I N
Tha Papular Llttls CusMIm.
And Company Including Mia* Edna
Goodrich.
.Matinoa Today,
“THE GENIU8”
Tonight,
“WHAT WOULD A GENTLEMAN DO"
Night 25,' to I2.V4—Mat. 25c to tl.utl.
Wodrotday Matinoa and Night.
Return .Engagement by Request
MABEL MONTGOMERY
And Selected Company In that Much
Talked of Play.
tt-ar a -a a. *»
ZAZA
Night 25r tp |1.5», Matinee 2.V tn/|l.nil.
Thursday Matin** and Night.
Thr Benaatlonal Comrdy Hun rss ••
England and New Turk.
We wish to thank our many friends
ami thr (moral public who have to
generously patrontaeq us at our old
stand, t.1 Peachtree street. We now
extrnd a moat cordial Invitation to
visit us at our near store, 75 Peachtree
atreel, where we have more room and
many Improvement* added. We will
strive hanier than aver to offer optical
aervh e whieh few glass wearers have
enjoyed. Our antlre time given to
opttes. No aide tines. The only ex
plosive manufacturing rotall optical
liuu.c In Atlanta.
WALTER BALLARD A CO.
“A MESSAGE
FROM MARS’
Notable Acting Company— Klaborate
Hcanlc Inffratltur*.
Night 2.’»c to 91.50, Matinee 25c to 9I.V0.
Friday and Saturday—Matlnaa Sat.
IfCNItV W. HAY AUK OKKRIIM
Ueo, Ade n ImtimpiiraW** roweijr
HARRY OLAY BLANEY
A« Willi# Liva in th# 8,nsationat
Drama,
THE BOY Behind The GUN
By Chat. E. Blanay.
1 E. DoradoT"
BALDWIN-MELVILLE STOCK CO.
Tueed,,. Weiloea lav Motlaees.
"IN THE WRONG HOUSE”
Tbunalay. Frl.ley and HMuntsy Night).
“THE ROOF GARDEN TRAGEDY"
Nigh; prlre) 15. M. 35. 5(V. ) .
tin tin er prlei*) 15. 21. t>X
AT BAPTIST TABERNACLE
ROSENTHAL
TONIGHT AT 8i18
Seat) «1.00 and »1^5—Wabar Pinna t
used.
SETTLEMENT OF STRIKE
18 EXPECTED 800N.
“THE COLLEGE WIDOW"
TEETH
EXTRACTED
imlu. Nr each. IfMt
le#tb |8. Mou#jr ran
uot i»u» uattar..
1*111 v.Xdki.fhia
DKNTA1* HOOMK.
Spiiiut to The Georgian.
Auguata. tla.. Feb. 12.—The agpected
aettientept of the car worker** atrlke
uf i he Georgia ami f'harleatnn did
Weatern t’andlpa railroads did not ma
te tbiMr.e. although It la thought that a
Nftth'inent will be made within a abort
time, na the Machlnlat*' l/nlon of the
two niiitoAd* hat taken n hand and
I* using all Ita effort* toward ae-
curing nn adjustment of the condi*
V"" 1 ’ Ml ' Ml Cl »
it.'ilttun "t four morel
eight
tut It Is (»ur ami
i gu>«r «kciita*c»—modsrn »im» tronifc
The Kelley Jewelry Co.
At It* meeting Wednesday Ihe rail
road comnifMlon "III lake up Ihe peti
tion nr some 2011 ililxena of Marleila.
Hmyrna. Atlanta and othar points along
ihe Atlanta Northern electric line, ask
ing for a reduction li\ fares and other |
r e forms. .
The petlthm »*» presented by H. M.
t'oiilngham. of Marietta, and th. petl- ,
llonera v.Ill br represented by W. 1.1
Heyw.td. The petllloif was preeenteil *
several month) ago, but ha* been uoat-
pnued from time lo lima at the In,lam e |
of the owners of th. road.
«B N. Broad Bt., ATLAKTA. QJL
VALENTINES.
Jno. M. Miller Go.
RUBBER
GOODS
TEED
W*» *4*11 Oga Of the It l« HI I CM*l#l’t
Mura of Itiibbar Honda innmifnclnrnl
In tho 1‘nltrd Ntataa. ronarqurutiy
art* nbla to ^fll rrrrr article nn
dr** tin*
a ran ter yn
loj Water jUji.
tain N>lingua.
Jag*.
Bad I
WATSON & PiCKARO,
rroprlelorB
GRAND PHARMACY.
I In
The Play I’pon Which All Auierl
Wilt ten Imlrllblr the Word •SIcvr.SK
Thr llli of I .sat fbnaoct-Th.* lilt of Till*
Price* 29c to 91.60—Sale now on.
COUNCIL COMMITTEES
ARE MEETING TUESDAY
Thr committer tin ordinances and
■ he committee on hoapltate and rharl;
lies wilt piobablv, meet Jointly Tues
day afternoon at 3 o'clock for ihe eon-
aldaratlqp of the ordinance by Alder
man Pearce nboll.hlng the present,
board of trustees of the Grady hospital
and discontinuing th? ayatom of p;y
ward* at the liosplisl
The ordinance, at the last session of
council, was referred lo the two com
munes Jointly. The ordinance com
mittee will meet at 3 o’clock. Council,
man Marrrtrrmr pr.re ihinr orJlManc#
and Councilman Longlno'a ordinance
providing for the tns|>ertlon ol the
eyes and ears of rchool children will
also he considered by the committee.
The eommlttee on hospitals and
harltlea met at 3 o'clock amt visited
several charitable Institutions of the
city. It pollute, (ha committee will
No. x Whitehall m.
CENTRAL OF GEORGIA RAILWAY.
'Arri.c t-ix.tn— | Depart To-
Ms,:iiiu:i'.i — T.so arc Karoo
Inrksonrlllc . 7.SJtus'Mnixin
Macon Il.toan Jacksonville ..10.
IIsidu t.ftpni Mseno (.Mpin
ttneon a ll piu Jacksonville .. klo pm
Uneon ».I3 pulbhvsanak 3.U pur
cured ,1 keeteV
eutpsla. Isi> Ell
llculer* tent FOU,
a. M. wrKU.UTY.il. A
~ UK N. rim Asoss
return and meet with the ordinance
commute* berore tho latlor adjourn,.
Dtherwtae, the Joint seMoa will be held
later.
BARKER IN CHARGE
M'CLESKEY’S OFFICE
During ihe IW« oaaatha' absence .t
IMvUles Frejfbt Agent h. U- IMi < le-
key. of Ike Southern, Commercial
Agent B. 8. Barker Is In charge of the
general freight offices here.
Mr. McCleskry Te taking a Iw •-
months' leave of absence on account of
Mr. Barker la ©no of tb$ mo
popular and beat-known young reilrowt
men In Atlanta. '