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THE ATLANTA GEORGIAN ANP NEWS. SATURDAY. JUNE 1, 1907.
13
CONFEDERATE STATES NAVY
IN WAR BETWEEN THE ST A TES
The following ess.-iy of the navy of the Confederate States of Amor-
W0 s written by MISS EMMA GARDNER, a pupil In the second trade
o?the1lIsh School at Marietta, Go.
The writer of the essay was awarded a prise.
COLLEGE PARK SCHOOL
IS MODEL OF THE COUNTY
In 1861 the officers of the seceded states
In the nary tendered their resignations to
the Union and loyally offered their serv
ices to their native states.
It was not easy for an officer In the reg
ular navy to do this; his profeslson was
his only fortune. If he remained in the
Union he was sure of a competency for
life, of promotion, and honors.
The resigned naval officers met at Mont
L-mncry.AU., on Fel.nuiry 19, 1W1
lion Stephen Mallory was appointed
r. tarv of the Confederate* navy, and he at
once began the labor of constructing and
equipping a navy able to cope with a pow
tr The South had few skilled workmen, few
manufacturing appliances, and no snitable
material for shipbuilding, Besides this, the
South was shut in by on almost impenetra
ble blockade. .. ,
For the purpose of evading the h
fl.Io many fast vessels were built, among
which the Uobert K. Lee and the Coquette
" The dumber of ships that succeeded lu
running the blockade from January to July,
is63 was forty-three, and forty-nine sue
n-eded in running out.
Not a single Southern officer brougli
a ship with him from the Union. The offl
rers did not take upon themselves the dnty
of dividing the navy, even.if It was common
uropertv. The South, therefore, In April
isei had not one warship, while the
United States naval register showed a navy
of ninety vessel#,-
Congress In April, 1863. passed sn set es
tablishing a volunteer navy. Any person
who presented to President Dtvls satisfac
tory credentials could be commissioned as
an officer of the volunteer navy, and
would be subject to all laws of the regu
Tin? battle ship Merrlmac, having been
burned and suuk when the Federals evac
uated the navy yard at Norfolk, was raised
on Mnv 30. 1861. and reconstructed by the
Confederates. The Merrimac’s name was
rhunged to the Virginia. She was the first
Iron-clad and the honor of building her
fa awarded by many to Lieutenant John
M The n Virginia was certntnly n novelty.
She was covered with iron plating to make
her liomb proof, and resembled very much
the roof 'of a house, her hull being wholly
under water. She cnrrled ten guns.
The Virginia had mnny fnults. for the
South had no means of procuring new en
gines, and hers had been seriously Injured
bv both fire and water. , , ^
She. under the command of flag officer
lluehanan. on her Anal trip, steamed down
the Kllsabeth river on Mnrcli 8, 1862. At
Newport News she enrouutered the Con
gress, fifty guns, and the Cum!»crland. twen
ty gons. In addition to these were the
butteries of Newport News, guns on the
land side of Fortress Monroe and the great
gun at Rip Raps.
The Virginia, having been reinforced hy
the Jurnes river squadron, consisting of the
Jamestown. Patrick Henry and Texas,
these, together with the steam tugs Beau
fort and Raleigh, composing the fleet,
steered straight for the Cumlterland.
Total twenty-seven guns against an arma
ment of over 300.
The Virginia rammed the Cumberland,
causing her to sink in a few mlnntes, Lieu
tenant Morris, her commander, fighting gal
lantly till the last. . . „
The Virginia next engaged the Congress
and riddled- her with bullets, forcing her to
surrender. . .
On the next day took place the memorable
tight between the Virginia and the Moni
tor in Hampton Hoads.* 0
The tattle between the two iron-clad
champions raged for nearly four hour*
without materlu! damage to either vessel. •
So far as Injury done could Indlcntc suc
cess, the Virginia could claim the imlm of
victory; for she had. besides leavlug her
mark upon the Monitor, suuk the Cumber
land.' burned the Congress, destroyed the
Urogon, burned the Whitehall, riddled the
Minnesota, and injured the Roanoke and
St. lAwrenee. . „
The Virginia was burned when the Cpn
federates evacuated Norfolk May 11, 1862.
For forty-five days the Virginia had gal
lantly defied the whole Federal fleet. Thir
teen of those flays she had spent In dry-
doek, but on every one of the other twenty-
two the stars and bars flonted gloriously
from her ransthead In open defiance of
the largest fleet that ever bore the flag of
the United States.
The Alabama was a vessel of S20 feet
long. 32 feet breadth of beam. 1,043 tons
burden. Her commander was Captain
Itiiphael Heroines. Under sail alone she
sometimes made ten knots an hour nnd un
dor sail nnd steam combined 11V4 knot*.
The Alalaima captured between Septem
ber 14. 1862, .and October one doxen of the
United States whaling vessels near the
Western Islands. This was her first tri
umph.
Klie next directed her course to the banks
of Newfoundland, and between October 3
nnd 21 captured sixteen prises.
The Alabama, with her sister ships Flor
ida and Shenandoah, purchased In hngland,
nlmost drove the merchant flog of the
United States from the oceau.
The Alabama sailed practically round the
world, capturing price* In the Bay of Ben
gal nnd the China sen.
The famous tattle between the Alabama
nnd the United States battleship Kcarsnrgc,
which took place June 11, 1864, ended the
brilliant career of the Alabama. The Hear-
surge In some respects had the advantage of
her adversary—she dras -faster, had a larger
< row and heavier guns. Her hnll was also
protected by heavy chain cables.
The gallant capture of Galveston. Tex.,
together with the steamship Harriet Iaine,
on the first of January, 1863, was one of the
most successful enterprises of- the Confed-
The Rayon City nnd the Neptune played
Important parts. The Neptune, however,
wns so damaged In the encounter that she
sank soon after.
The Albemarle, an Iron-clad ram, built
after the plan of tho Virginia, was con
structed In a corn field near Edwards Ferry.
Nhe wss a worthy craft and Injured and
•l«-Mtroysd many of tho enemy’s fleet, nnd
vii [»tu red Ply month.
The ram Manassas was constructed out
the enoch train; her shape above water
was nlmost like half of an egg shell, bhe
wss termed "tho most troublesome of them
•11” by tho Federals,
‘be Of New Orlean, the Loolal
?£*• Vi. ,! ^chance, the Manama, the Me-
S“- Keeolote and the Warrior were
;®“ n & i? e "“S* Important of the Canted-
fWP*- K.erj Teaacl waa either de-
atrojred byher commander or waa captured
irana at U» battle of New Or-
Four of the moat famous of the Cnnfed-
i;? 1 *1 ”55* *. w f r o. ,he ,Arkanaas. the Qucco
®* the West, InUlsnoln and Wchb.
The Confederate ram. Tennessee, com
manded bv Admiral Buchanan, was one of
the most formidable of her class. She waa.
nfter the hard-fought battle of Mobile Bay.
surrendered,to the Federals August 6, lft$4.
• blockade at Charleston was constant
v being evaded and some of the most bril
“•“J fighting took place In oi
near the harlmr of this old city. Three
JS525I vessels were the Palmetto State,
Chlcola, and the Charleston.
Mr. Mallory established in 1863 a naval
academy for the training of cadets. The
Patrick Henry was the school ship stationed
near Brewery* Bluff. Vu., and the cadets
at times did more fighting than studying.
On July 7. 1861, occurred the earliest In
stance of the use of tor|)e<loes in the war
tictween the suites, lu an attempt to destroy
an enemy's vessel on the Potomac.
In the last great battle of the war the
fighting qualities of the navy were again
demonstrated. When General Kwelt wns
captured he passed the order to surrender.
Commander Tucker of the naval brigade
answered: "I can not,'' nnd continued
fighting. When ut last he did lay down his
colors the Federal* cheered vigorously for
the foe who “didn’t know when to surren
der.
he dies.”—Cleveland Plain Dealer.
He (with a sigh)—I have only one friend
•n earth my dog.
She—Why don't you get another dog?”—
Chicago Unlly News.
.’’—Chicago Tribune.
“Why,
wicked i
him at once.*’—Cleveland Learie
“You say he's stingy?” “Very." “To
what extent?” "Instead of mailing her
THE COLLEGE PARK SCHOOL.
“The Model School of pulton County”
is the term applied to the College Park
school by the stato superintendent of
education in his report on Georgia
schools. It might well be taken as one
of the models of the state.
Miss Lula Klngsbery, the principal,
brought a number of her pupils for a
visit to The Georgian several days ago,
and they were shown over the plant,
from top to bottom. The teachers of
the College Park school and the pupils
who visited The Georgian plant were:
Miss Lula Klngsbery, principal; Miss
Kathleen Mitchell, Miss Luclle Mason
and Miss Meta Scarlett.
D. B. Gray, Jr. ' John Jackson.
Howell Brewster. Lester Forbes.
Leaver Rlchan1son.Jfm Luck.
EugeneAllensworth Pope Stovall.
Louise Allenaworth,Eugene Whitehead.
Ellen Kener. Sarah Brown.
Pearl Bertllng
Laura Graves.
Lula White.
Ines Webb. #
Forrest Croley.
Byron Mason.
Lily Pope.
Eudora White.
Gartrel! Webb.
Henry Willingham.
Lois Strickland.
Clarence Amerson.
Preston Brown.
John Hale.
Henry Croley.
Howard Curtis.
Olive De Foor.
Susie French.
Augusta Gardten.
Lynn Griffin.
William Jackson.
Lena Johnson.
Frank Camp.
Nellie Croley.
Ethel De Foor.
Ruby Greer.
De G. Graves.
John Lynch. r -
Loulse Madden. *
Douglas Lyle.
John Lynch.
Grace Kener.
Byron Luck.
Annie Madden.
Paul McDonald.
Andrew McDonald.
Addison Martin.
Alma Owens.
Bomor Olds.
Robert O’Kelly.
Holland Parker.
Gordon Pece.
Reble* Pursley.
Almond Rbdwlne.
Harriet Trammel.
Moore Vary.
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ATLANTA, 6A.