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J DUNCA^A LOCHRANE- JOOR n. STEEU^ KWor. ATLANTA, GEO., SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1857. TEU» OP TOR IffmUGBHCBR & EXAMINER DAII.Y, - o» WEEKLY, ------ 9 <# tarFak uTtbstxsws suit third pagb " FOB SHERIFF. AS* IRe w For DepotY ShcrtHs. C. C. GREEK k OSBORN. For Clerk of Superior Court. DR.B. F. BOMAR. For Clerk ot Inferior Court. DANIEL PITTMAN. For TVeasnrtr.—C- H- WALLACE., For ,v«n»*r.-J. C. FARRAR. fW Tax&Mir.-Vr. H. WINGF'ELD. For Tar Reaitcr.—A.J. COLLIER For Coroner—A. R WHITE. NOTES OB Bant of Fulton taken at Far for all Debts due this Office. tQ~ '1 he Governor's Mctsip be* crow-i- •J oat all oar editorial and several comma, luxations. THE STATE BOAB. “When the embankment* for the Bridge ottt Etowah Rirrr were needed to be Ailed in, Col. Dent, a well known contractor of Tenneasae, and worth at least m kmbtd aad fifty thousand dollars; offered to do the • filling in,’ - at twenty-two cents per yard. The contract, however, was given to i gentleman by the name of Cole, at twenty- «rt» cents per yard. i We do not know the number of yards eompnsed in this contract, but hare no doobt there were several thousands, and that the snm paid was very large. Hence ere axis extra paid to this eontractor took much more money .than the -Sure than it would hare done had Co!. Dent got the contract. The tcatHM ef Col. Dent. aside from his character as a oithlol and reliable contrac tor, was sufficient to hare guarantied ths proper performance of the work. In addition to this, he oftmi to do it at rsrew/y-ftco cents pef yard, be tor* the con- tract was made, which is eery different from saying it ermii hatt Seen done for that after its compLlico.” To the Georgia legislature.., The shore is a portion of an editorial that appeared in the National American, (a .-ibid Know Nothing paper.) of yesterday morning. We don't think it necessary to reply to ail the charges made in that piper from day to day, bat reter to the one abut* as a specimen, to show how groundless they are, not bearing the semblance of Irtttb. The price paid for the embankments for ths bridge over the Etowah rtrer, was nine teen and tsecsity-lico cents per yard, includ ing frtttiewcrk, and not . ccnty-ieren. at l a» .kmericanasser-.t, as documents in the Superintendent's office will show. Here then is an amrath at one- nailed to the counter. This statement, and similar oth er*, was made in September list, before the election for Goreraor, Ac. We thought them {and so did others,) at the time, so foolish and ridicalous as cot to be worthy of notice. W* might go on. did our space sod time permit, and show that every charge made in the columns of the Amer icas against the State Real and its man agement, either as editorial, c r by its cor. respondent “ Fact*,’’ are t-joaiiy devoid of all truths as much as the case cited above— nay, mare to; and are onlj put oat for po litical stfect. Ot this, we doubt not, every unbiased mind will admit, and gi them o«!t soch weight as they deserve.— We would respectfully suggest to the Leg islature, and the public, to pa: no confi dence whi'cver in such statements ; they tre utterly unfounded. To the American and its corroapondec: “Facts,” we would respectfully, propose in all kindness, that when they.nett attack the State’s greatest interest, they use more diligence and pre- •■antics in giving to the people facts and foote only. When this is dons we hate no ttuagivings as to the result of the inresliya- him ofa eweminor. inch ei the American jeopond a few day i a<yo. nay more, tee ore, like vie nctykhor, /or a strict incr.*tiyaiiua, We wist the facte, and nothing but the fait. Falsehoods will not guil the majori ty tf the enlightened voters of the •* Um pire .State of the Sonth.” -Sa il appeared that Mr. Underwood wit th« choice of a majority of the Democratic members of the Houses hawithdtew. £tom the contest, and urged that tke rate upon the next ballot,»f the.DemoemUa members, be concentrated upon that genrieman.— Tbit was done, and MW final ballot the vote was as follows: Sixth Ballot. . Underwood, 96 Irwin, 6 Milledge, 49 Scattering, 4 The Chairman having announced the election of Mr. Underwood,, On motion of Mr. Milledge, a committee of five was appointed to wait upon the Speaker elect, announce to him hie election, rogues! his acceptance of the office and condnct him’to the Chair, This duty was performed, Mr. Milledge, the Chairman of the Committee, anaounc tog in handsome terms that Mr. Underwood accepted the office, introduced him to the Honse, and conducted him to the Cbair- frorn which the Speaker addressed tin House, and tendered his acknowledge ments. A copy of the Speaker’s address, wo shall transmit, as foon we can procure it The next business in order was the elec tion of a Clerk. On the first ballot, the old and efficient Clerk era* elected. Ths vote was as follows: Mr. Speer, (Drra.) 73 “ Phillip*, (Dent.) 62 •• Davis, (Am.) 21 “ Reese, 1 The aid Messenger, Jesse Os Liu, was elected Messenger without opposition, and tiler a number of tailorings, Mr. .Sunnier, ef Emanuel, was elected Door-Keeper. The drawing of sals then took, place, alter which the House adjourned till 10 o’clock, this morning; Mi ledgeville is crowded with visitors.— Judge Brown and family arrived here on Tuesday afternoon, and proceeded directly to the Executive Mansion at the request of Gov. Johnson. There are a large number •f distinguished gentlemen from a distance, also in the etiy ; among them we see Judge McDonald, who arrived on Tuesday after noon, and Mr. Toombs, who rfachedjhcrv on v—terdav morning. Correspondence of the Int. f Esc miner. GEORGIA LEGISLATURE. Senate. , At the hour of 10 Wednesday morning, the Senate having assembled in its cham ber, was ealled to order by J. W. Duncan, Esq., in the place of Hon. Peyton H. Col quitt, the Principal Secretary of the last Session. On morion cf Hon. Wm. A. Har ris, of Worth, Gen. Pater Urine, the old ve teran from Bulloch, was called to the Chair to preside over the Senate until its perma nent organization. The credentials of the members were then read, and they • w«rc then sworn in—the Hon Joseph Henry Lumpkin, of the Supreme Court, adminis tering the oath. ..One hundred and sixteen Senators presented themselves. Burke County is unrepresented, there having been * tie in the election. The generally re gretted sickness of the gallant young Sena tor from Muscogee, detained him t: home! though liom the latest intelligence ii is be lieved he will be able to he in his seat in ten or twelve days. On motion cf Mr. D’xdworth, cf Carroll, the Senate proceeded to the election of a President. Hon, Jared I. Whitaker, of Fulton, nominatrd Hon. John E. Ward, of Chatham, for that post, Hon. T. L. Gueiry ef Randolph, and the Hon. \S . M. Brown, of Marion, were also nominal fit. On count ing cut ti.e ballots the Ucn. Jotm E. Ward received the highest number cf votes, and was declared duly elected. On morion of Mr. Harris, of Worth, a catnmittee of thro-, consisting of Messrs. Hams, Whitaker and Robinson, was ap pointed la wait upon Mr. Ward, and an nounce to him the result and conduct him to the Chair. Mr. Ward, on taking his seat, made a handsome, graceful and eloquent »pe» ch* He will make, as is well known, one of the best presiding officers that has ever cou pled the Chair of the Senate. Mr. Terhunc, of Floyd County, was elected Secretary of the Senate, jnd Mr. Brewster of Haralson, and Mr. Aired, of Pickens, MessengerJand Door-Keeper.— After which the Seusie adjourned nnij! to. foutKtf Jirpmeniatirer: -I feel /hh! ills not a mere matter oTfbnn (hall am required liy the Constitution, to address to you this communication.— Charged, as 1 have boon, for the Inst four years, with the administration id" the Stale Government and the execution of its laws, experience hki taught me the grave respon sibility of the Executive ottice. Kum.liar, as t have learned to be with the condition, the resources, the wants uud prospects ef the State, I trust, I hare some appreciation of the duties of the Legislature anti of the momentous consequences that hang upon your deliberations. You hold in your hands the interests and weal of a great State; great, iu the events which have signalized her past progress ; great, in h ;’ r elements of wealth and pow er; great, in the growing civilisation, which her intelli gence and enterprise have aehioved ; and gteatur still, in die proud., destiny that awaits her, if we prove true to ourselves and the mission committed to us. Inspir ed with the spirit of patriotism, may wis dom guide your deliberations, and tin arcompiishmvnl ot "the greatest good to ths greatest number” crown all your ac tions. You have but little to do with the past, save to scrutinise the conduct of your pub lic servants, and hold them to a strict Mcount for their atewtrdship. It is your delicate task to look to the future, umi provide for the wants and circumstances which it may developc. It is iny pro' in.-, to aid you, by such reflections and sugges tions, as my favorable position for observa tion, may enable me to commend (• your consideration The service naturally ’arranges itself into two general divisions. You must have correct information of the real condi tion of the Commonwealth ; you ought to have proper conceptions of its wants.— To the best uf my humble ability, I will address myself to these two objects as succinctly as possible. I herewith transmit the Report of the Finance Committee, appointed by the Ex ecutive, under legal authority, from which too will learn the financial operations ot the government, for the year 1856, together with the condition, at the time of thetr in- estigatton, of the “Treasury,’’ the"Peni tentiary,” the “Western and Atlantic Rail Road,” the “Lunatic Asylum,” the “Asy- far the Deaf and Dumb," and tii “Georgia Academy for '.he Blind." I also transmit the Report of the Treasurer, for the financial years 1856 and l.Sii, from which it appears that the available balance, oil the doth ultimo, was,$63,717,06. Alt the liabilities of the Slate have been promptly met. At the close of thu last fiscal year, the public debt was $2,632,722,22. The B inds issued under the act of December, lfclfi. to extend the Western and Atlantic, Rail Road, (in amount. $126,500.00,) have ail been redeemed—$106,000,00, since tha last session cf thu General Assembly—by funds remitted to the Treasury, by -.h Road, under the 5th Section of the act of 12th of Jinmry, 1-52. '1 surge.: the im. pottaneeof reinstating the sinking land of $75 000, ss provided for by the act cl February Ilth, 1831, to be set apart annu ally for the redaction uf the Public Deb: ity reference to the Report of the Comp troller General, herewith transmit!, d, vuii will find several amendments re*. maendcj to be made to the Tax Laws, to which, without again enumerating them, I invite your special aUentiot. Many of thein suggested by experience, and are necessa ry lor the collection of all the revenue under existing law; others by tit. pria pics of justice, applicable to" the - nh, to which they 'relate. Appended to the Report of this officer, in " c uforint'.y to Executive instruction, you will fir.,I ache 1- ules of all the Taxable property, rta return ed by the several Keo rvers of Return? for the present ynr. These tables ire very interesting and important; showing th"' prosperity ind tacre.using ,, h t::r •State, ami furbishing • , * g„;u the General A«-emblj. in t. • Ir effort-, t equalize the burdf u < t Taxation upon |,er citizens. You will discover t.ue great disparity, in value, which is affixed to the ral specie, ot property, in the -, v. tal coontie--. by the lax payers. Some rate their n> er a - a: 3100 toss'than -.i ■ and thur lands; lying -ami in the !*n.ec unties, at i far lower figure than their neighbors. It w. old be well to en quire into t:., ; expediency of fixing by law, attach session of the Legislature. ri,e averac value ef-laves, f r :a • . nsamg year, with the view uf uniformity in th. tribute which slave owner- are .••.mired !• pay to «uppor. the govcrumcnl. I: is wt.! known that large bodi.s *: lands . .• owneii in Bot-m W.*t rn and Ch‘-r Georgia, by mdiTi luals vru t. v.- ■ them, for a Luminal sum, under our rev, rt ng laws. In makingtfi' r: • •• civer3, inmanyinstanv, , therv; persons and which may bt neces sary, to oiicerUua/whether they hare goto- «ncd theit operations stricUy wlthtij their appropriate spheres, or ttbethar they huve emparhod in spcculaUonti by placing Iheir funds in Now ?York, to snare Southern paper* at a hcaty discount, hr in any: othir manner,-departed from tho obketa contem plated by their Charters, It \i doe to tlio country that n hill exposition be njaue; it is the only manner in which the public cun ho protected. If such abuses shall bo de tected, let tho Legislature, in wanting them tolerance in their present predicament nut them upon terms which will prevent their recurrence for tho future. 1 submit the annual Reports of the Su perintendent of tho Western and Atlantic Rail Road for the years 1856 and 1857.— They exhibit this great Statu work to bo in a prosperous condition, and just upon the eve of realising tho expectations in which it originated. 'I'hey leave me but little to to mid, to enable you to understand its operations and judge of the fidelity of its its management. Us gross earnings from tho HUtl| Sept., 1853, to the30th of Sept, 1857, which covers the four roars of uiy admin* titration, hare been §3,052,$60,S2. The working expenses of the Rond, for tho same period, have been $1,329,111.51, and the net earnings $1,7*2*2,819,31. llow has this large amount of net profits been dis posal off Has it been squandered or applied to necessary expenditures ? These are questions which should be answered to the satisfaction of the people, and when thus answered, the senseless clamor which is raised against tho management of the Road, for mere decency’s sake, ought to cease. Then see how the account stands : Net earnings tor four years, $1,72*2,819,31 Net earnings weredisposed of follows, to-wit. far 185*1: Paid Stat"’. Treasurer, $50,000.00 *• I merest on Roods, 11,906,90 “ lor new Locomo tives, 27,211.65 • farceur Cars, 68,580.57 *• *• “ Huihlings, 102,7*27.73 “ “ Construct h>h. new Track, aud Iron, and Right of Way, 80,696,21 Far 1955. Paid State Treasurer. 100,000,00 * Interest an-Bund*, 15,536,30 •• for »* w Locorno live?. t >r new Cars, for now Depot 20,053,50 44.141,81 13,200,09 Bui!diu' L *• for C n«traetu»n. RigbtofWiy.Irot. * umi nf'w Truck, 236,0*25.53 For 1950. “ State Treasury* 13.500,0** •• Inn re^tan Bends, 9.145.0*1 M for new Locomo tives 9*2,183,45 • f. .? new’Cars U-,99'2,05 •• for Depot Building?, 42,9®,90 “ f. r Construction, Iron Rails, ned new Track. !22,$S0 f (M “ f r expenses ir> curred previous to Jau’y* 1954, Ten nessee cUin.s, 67,981,2*2 For 1857. •• S at Treasurer. 100,000,00 •* Interest on Bands 7.-65.05 *• for now Kngir.ci, 107,7:)‘2’7*2 •• “ Car's, 97,852 16 4 for new Depot lfaihiing*, .52,062.90 •• i C n-truetior., Ir^*n Rails imw Truck, 100,047.91 $1,72*2,8*19,31 Whether :h- - • Tponditurcs were proper# i* ie:; f ■: fair minded men to determine.- They, a* s- cm >uUc«l t" the enterprise, .md"“..v. *. :-c considered unn nuonablc, when it is rcc'dlecrcij, the Road i 1 * net »vi*n * coni; ic*e»l and thoroughly r,jnipped for tho anunally iucreasiug business it is com piled to accommodate. At ali events, it v.i ! »c;t r cely be js^crtfl by any, having a ■Ju** rog.r i to veracity, that the money has i ijti.’.T «vx-n cr But these t heavy' Xpetiditurcs wiiL m* be required. The time ha.v come for ’he na- ‘ V- rtf the K a I r have its concur wi’h fie Superin- • forth, under proper man- w‘ *ard I ii'' • Mate l'rtusury It m '.ij •••.'* !, however, 'hat the mag nient t in the application uf .ar:..rigi. m.: > in the expenses of ra f.iug and working the flood. - s e tuw the Sun* Road conipares, in - f •-i:' .#th»T Iliads in the Stub* .• proporti n the current expenses bear ,r •-e-am.ncj*. The gross earning- • .-.•iaUiilroaii, f< r the last four years, $4,"1 -,31V \ t . ! : e expenses f;#r work- .. 1 mainwinhig i , far the kujio period. Incorpomtlon provides that "no paymonl sball bo made by (he State until .(he Savan nah, Albany and Gulf Railroad Company shall have relinquished any right, of which cither of ?akl Oompantea have or claim to itfterfrr.' with tin* location of said Rood, on account of any privilege^-., granted in the churtcr of either of thepi?' 8uChJrelj|i- quishmonts have not behn executed and therv fore tho enterprise cattitol move forward TV doettments referred to con uin the fruit less negotiations, between tho pnrtieu In interest, tooohing tho relinquishment re quired ; and hv careful examination, you will be enabled to determine who, if any one, in to blame for their failure. The intention of Georgia is declared in tho Charter to Iw *' to provide a main trunk across her territo ry, connecting the Atlantic with the Gulf of Mexico ” The object in worty of a great State and so important to her Southern section, that l (rust it may not be defeated, aud that, in your wisdom, you will take such farther action, in the promises, as will secure-its accomplishment On the subject of State aid to werks of Internal improvement, 1 have nothing to add to what I said in my last bi-tsttnial mes sage. In few words, my view of sound and safe policy, confirmed by mature re- tlcction, is this : Georgia oocopies the gup between the Southern spur of the Alleg hany mountains and the Atlantic. At an immease cost she has constructed the W. A A. Railroad, which taps tho great west at Chattanooga; affords transportation for its products to the seaboard, and feeds tho va rious Roads which connect with its South ern terminus, at Atlanta. In chartering new Railroads, the Legislature should nev er lose sight oftliefpolicy of protecting her State Hoad from ruinous competition ; she should ho careful not to cripple the efficien cy of company Reads, which have been built by private capital; she should pre serve the symmetry of our system of In ternal Improvements, ho that in its future development and growth to maturity, it shall, as a primary object, promote her own wealth, and the prosperity of her towns and seaports. Augusta, Savannah and Brunswick are the three points ofcom. merce, at which thu productions of our agriculture, must find their market and theirjloor of exit to the marts of the world. The perfection of our Internal Improvement system, as well as tho interests of agricul ture, requires that each of these commercial points shall be connected, as directly as possible,with each section of tho State, so that all our people may enjoy a choice of markets tor the sale of their produce. The State may aid in the con struction of lines of’/oad projected, iu ref erence to such connections, upon guara n* tics of security, that prevent the possibility of ultimate loss. Beyond this, she ought not to go. As to tho mode in which she should extend aid, I prefer the loan of her credit, far a given amount, per mile, to a | subscription for stock. By tho former i method, she can secure herself by statutory | lieu upon the road and jits appurtenances ; i whereas, be the. latter, she must rely upon ! the success and profits of the enterprise.— ' In chartering the Atlantic and Gulf Road, j the last Legislature seemed t > favor tho pob l icy of taking stock, in aid of that work.— I sanctioned the bill, not that l approved of that feature, but because it fall so cloarly within the principle of the policy, in refer ence tj .State aid, which l advocate, and the road itself is. of such immediate und para mount necessity to the southern portion of Georgia, that 1 deemed it better to yield my scruples on that ecoro than to defeat the noble enterprise. I refer you to the report of tho Principal Keeper. lor information, as to the condition of the Penitentiary. Since tho first of Jun uary last, the cosh system, h a been rigidly enforce!, with results that fully justify it. 1 renew the n. ’Ommemlatiou to enlarge and repair thoroughly the buildings, «>r romove the Institution to some other point, at which materia! can bo purchased cheaper and the convicts, w ;iced ni"r.’ profitably. In its nn*.*nt condition, it is disreputahlo to the State, unsafe ami insecure as a place of im- pri-outnent, and utterly incapable of being made to answer thepurposo for which it wan designed. 1 submit the biennia! report of tho Trus- t'v, Superintendntit and Resident Physi cian of the Lunatic Asjlum. That institu tion is arnorg the most important enterpri se in which the Stat • has ever embarked ; an honor to her philantbropby and liberali ty. The energy, >;oal and adaptedness of tbe Resident Physician to tho duties of his post o::titlo him to the warmest commenda tion and confidence. As an act of mere justice his salary should be increased. TV extension rf the building ii progress ing rapidly to completion. I transmit the repor: of the building eommi.’jsioners, show ing their disbursements of tlie appropriation made by thu last Legislature. Upon exam - ination, you will find, that the amount will not Ik* s»iffi< ent t«i pay tho contractors.— e 811.1 TO 15,01)0 for repairing lb, Exccuti*, Mention. Finding thcKuttM wholly imd^ont, for (ho purpooo deeknwl and thaUi would be almoit loaf to tha State, without the use of a larger sum, I did not hesitate to draw up on tho Contingent Fund for the deBcit. By an doing, the repair*, ai far as they go, ere safetenrisl, aud tho Pubiio Boildlugeare in fair condition. The aggregate earn nppro* E rioted woe B12J100 ; the nmoilnt expended flfi,S9-i,Bl. The Toaobere forthoverioue sums paid out, are filed iu the Executive oN fioo, sobjeot to your inipootiou. It should bo observed, that a part of thie expenditure is not properly chargeable to repain. In November,1856, the stables, agriage house, bathing room and poultry bouse attached to the Mansion yard, were consumed by Uro. These had to*bo supplied by new buildings, so thut not more than $5,000 have been ex- pendodi; in repairs ULoiliog. No a] cd to pay for th over ana above tl crahlo new farnitui I.egislatiro Hails, am ir, to tho Exocutlvo .tion will bo requa- ,1 cost of paid ,tion. Oonsid- Mansion, tha -erai Executive sldos agreeing _ tu | the terminal polnls, ir FditoTistl Correspondence. Miu.xncrru.LX, Thimdlv Mossfixo, November 5th, Ie57 The Honse was exiled to order at the hour of I0 o’clock on ye.terdaj morning »y the Clerk of th*. Un House of Represen tative*. On morion of Mr, Smith, *.f Towns, M Pickett, of Gilmer, vu ealied to the Chair > for ri« purpose of orjamrisg. Ct-rrifi- eare. of the nvmhers aleet were then called f*r, a:, ! after their names were enrolled, the oath «n administered to them ),y Jodgo Cochran, of the Brunswick Circuit. Tnc slccrioo of a Speaker was the next fcasmes* in order The Democratic cnivdi* due for that imjK,rjnt station, as our read >-t have already been advised, was the t-»nber from Wilke*. Mr. Irwin, and the member from F!o»ri, Mr. Underwood. Mr. Mliiedge was nominated is the “AmeriraB'" candi-iate. The bsllotriojs were a* fol low* Fplw lieu err I'ndrrituod. o-l Slur of tlse West anil f:ahat%lia Arrived. Nrw Y- av. Nov. 4. The steamship Star of ih, \V.-v„ iroin Aspinwal), has arrived wii'i (1.500 000 in "^Tlo- C'ahawln has arrived from iU- vanr.v. qhich port ihe left on the Strth of October. i: ut only.or a Grant Fees; would not s. ten,twenty, would be p: toihL- law, h ,r ally times tn .; .per. :'f praulicabk which such la Irwin, Milledge, -altering, Strout Under wood, Irwin, Mi uennj, Tman Bun < L’uu/rwrKjJ, !*4 Irwin, 51 Mllladgr, <5 Fucant Hiujrr. Underwood, Wi Irwin,, 49 Milled g*, 45 Scattering, 2 Fin* Bzuxjt. Underwood, 56 Irwin, 44 Milled?*, 45 Angering, 3 n th* snaemnement of th* 5th biliot wip addressed the Chat*, sluing a* Ten Briteck’s lloite l*rlor Head. llAXinx, Nor. 4. In th" Canada's news Mr. Ten. Broeek's hone. Prior, u annennee,! dead. The difmit will be $11,000; I rec"tnraond about 45 per cciit.— ! an immediate appropriation of that sum, in ■ - ■ irnmy, ,jl tho Macon a Western order to proven! delay, loss’ to the contrao- J...,-.-l -'he fjur years, from December, j tors and serious detriment t>< tbe interest of I •5d,t • Dcctml er, 1B5C, werc$I,290,4 15.00, J tin? State. .nd the working ixprnsf ? fur the same per;- ' The amount will corapieto the odifioe; but ,210,00, or 50 1-3 p'-r cer,'.. Tha additional appropriationa will be necessary to lit it up, for the use intended, Election in \>w York, NlW Yok», Not. 3. la this city the rote ha* fsilen o!f im mensely. Tha Stat* has undoubtedly gone for the Kepsbliean*. Nrw York, Nov. 4, P. M. Fu!,'>-r returns frerr. a large portion of Ihe Stan- have been received, which renders it almost certain that the entire Republican ticket ha* been sueewsfoL srr-osu BtsrtTt U. Nrw Yorx, Nov. 4, 9,P. M. The DemocraU claim th* Stat* by from ten tn fifteen thousand majority. 'I fa* Re publicans a!*n claim the Stal*, but by a .mail majority. It may require :om* days to ascertain tn* result. Affairs in HvlUmore. fiiLTIMOSr, Nov. 4. There w ere some bloody encounters to day, but r.o general conflict. urxotD nura-rcB. BiLTtMMtx, Nov. 4,9, P. M. There was ronsidenhle disordn toslay, and some blood shed, tat mors quiet pro. vailed than was anticipated. ft U believed that ri*a American* hsve earned the Stale. Illinois Central Railroad Depot Burnt. CiBcuuriTi, Not. 4. The Depot ef the Illinois Central Rail road, at Cairo, was destroyed by lire today. Sundry ears and engine house* were burnt, toss 8200five. hould L assessed m-cordioir to th, ir real vain, Indeed, from an examination of thu talih umicr consideration, it i? obvious, th; many pernor;-, have retimed lie; whole their lands and negroes at valuations n loriously loo low, compared with tin- pr,., lor which such pr- ptr-.y rerulily strii- peblie klir.-u. | submit, whether it not be proper and just, in all sue. to make provision fir assessors 'o ! appointed, at th*- instar.-* of tire iteceiv, to appraise property, when thus rei-.rm at an Htimate, known to he les. -.imr, t| sverauo market price cl -,.,-ii nrojei'-v. That 'J’ate. shouiu be and every citizen bear his proper anc just p--,- of th* burden f governin'n., i, ol va»*. importance. I thr trout :h«*v suggcuor.. with the view of eliciting such .n’-iien at wiil secure that object. In ibe midst of prosperity and rvruunirm ting price* for the products of Agricultur-. ocr Banks hare generally eu-ponded payment., r.-eult ng in pen.,:. broG n -;or,f;dr:,r... .m-l gcncr;,| .taignation in eornmeree. A« the vision uf the Genera! AssemMjr'was so near it hand, and the suspension teemed to he t.ecesviry, (i measure of s»lf defence agiin.t •!.» bcavv •lrafu upon their c.,i n , to *upp; ; th'e demand for Hpec*, at the North, i tno„gh: it prudent to withhold ary action them, a* required by law, until tho l.r gis ts re, m its wisdom, should hay, an opportunity of deliberating upon tho matter, and directing what con;,' o.;gnt v,c pursued toward them. I therefore submit this whole subjset to j our consideration; and to enable y*u to net adrisedlr, I, herewith, trxmimil to yo-i eoptts of the iate returns of the various flank. .,f Georgia, exhibiting their condition, mad* in pursuant* of Esecutire prueliinarion it is jrrRtiijing that these stuLernentr silurd evidence of tiieir solvency. Will yon legalize their suspension awl fix a day, in the future, when they sfujj resume sjwrcic payments 1 As a gcm-r.il role, it is safest to meddle as liule as ju^sible with lbs currency of the country. The laws of trade regulate it best. Hear e, in view uf the crisis that it upon us, complicated, „j it is, wrih th* interests of Affneuitore and the price of iu productions, It would seem to be wise to tolerate the suspension, in reference to all those institutions, Which, upon examination, shall prove to be sound and solvent. Iljsnbt only legitimate, but th* duty of lb* Legislators, to investigate thoroughly the condition of the Ranks; to insulate s diligent enquiry into their mode of transacting badness, and by Ihe use of all (be power*—even iu sending for gs cf the Centra! Railroad, ciu Jir ■; the iir,« from i Sard m to Kutonlon, from lupember !»t, 1853, to December 1st, l s 56, and t:.e line from Aiiilen to Augusta, to Hu-lri or January 1846, were 8-1,697,- ’26'.>/.s ; end the current i.-xpenrc--', for tin •nine period, were 12,219,1)43,17. or 47 j per ecr,'. These uro confessedly tho best mar.— o.-ed Company Itoadiin Georgia. But the Western v At,'untie lUilrond compere* fo- t irsidy wish them, in r, ferciice to the point utJ'.r enusideration. i t-u gross earnings, for f,r !i, ; iu-.t four yturs, :rre $3,052,260,82, ,r 1 •* -rkins otr'n-r., fr> r tho tunv: peri, ,J, $1,.)20, ill 51, or a iittlo'loss th.-iri -Klj It is oon- strncted upon tho most approved plan, with nil tho fixtures nud npar.itus which experi- enco’ba-i demonstrated to bo host adnptol to the accommodation of such inmatos, und in the end, nion economical. 'I'ho hcittin. ventilating :tnd cooking npnrntas und wusii house, will roqui.e $23,500,00, The Kngino Home, chitnnoy, well, airdiicts, Ac., will re- quire $13,000[ 00. These fixtures uro abso lutely indispensable. The Gas work9, com plete, fur lighting tho buiiding will require 4,000 GO. To alter, improve, cover nnd plawer with Mastic the ol l, to correspond with tho new building, will require 87,500 U0 p:.- cent. I: would seem that the country I Tho aggregate of these upproprintionH will tnigbt uflord lu it ---.tti fird, if theState Itoad I be but 8td,600 00, Thu report of tltc l<- managed n* cheaply as thoro of private j Building Comm,ssfonors will exhiliit more e jmpun.es Certainly, the fact is worthy of 1 folly these items and tho reasons for their ,0, when its administration is necessity. J cannot duubt but the means brooded with corruption nod mismanage- j will bo proroptlysiipplicd. The Legislature im-nt. { has never disbursed money from the treusu- The Attnr.tm A- Gulf Railroad (.'ontjinny, , ry wlticit rctlccu so much credit upon the. i ii..'-., r d by the iu-'. Legislature, has ijecn I S'-alo, It awakens tho prido of ovory liber- dutv ,-gsn:z':d. The Board of Commission 1 .1 al minded Georgian, and whit is better still, e.--.d'. .g-.e.tc I in the Charter, met in Mill- j it giv-s n retreat of comfort to tho poor vie. r.ig.-r.i •-, ”0 the 31 at of Mtrcir, 1836, and I tiuis rf affliction who, by n mysterious t und- th*- r.'cf’nry arrangements for 1 vidence, have been deprived of reason, nud o >ecing '-'ok' of subscription for ,to.-k i afford, a hojut of thoir restorution tn their -.t Midcigcvitle, Slid sutdry otlier p,juits in i families and to nociety ti e Suite. On the 23d day of October, In this connection, it is submitted, that a l-', six of tie- *»itl Commissioner, vihmil- tej to me, a list of .ubvcrjbers, showing l suietcriptionJ to ths amount of six hundred'' thousand doilarv, and'ho amount subscribed ;// ew.ii, at'.ejlr-d by th. rr ,f!idavit, that the sntc'-ritors mj re-porud. will bo iully able to pay u. the «lots subseribed t>y them und that the soijscriptions wero h-na fide.— Whore upon, ou the 26th of October, 1656, ',y virtue ol the 2d section of the Act of In- c.rporation, I saUteribiH for stock, to the • tint,: <1 8500 000 til in the naoio of the >t.-, of Georgia, and cauwl the .sutwerip* li-.n list V. be deposited in ti.e office of the Comptroller General. On the same day, the sum of 1,100.000 00, being suUcnbed, I >utd nn order, a? directed by th* third section of tha Act of incorporation, for an election of uin* Directors, to . he held in MiTidgr.ffllp* on tit* 4lii d»y of Dccambtr, 1*56," under th* superintendence of the Commssloners. Th<-y met aeoordingly and elected Jam*, i*. Seriten, William B, Ifcdr. •on, J Htoddard, Hiram Roberts, W. II. I/mg, Cbarlsa J. Munw rlyn, J. R.Hupltr, A. T. McIntyre and E K. Young, us Board uf Di'ocbjrr, wi,.. , locted Jams* P. Seriten their President. To enable tho Irngi to undevtWBtl clearly the condition of .* Important en« inrprisa, in which the hint* ha* Kberaily euiurkesi, by sabscrlhing for Oct million of- ns stock, I herewith transmit • common!*•• tion from Jam** P. Keriven, its i’r*sid*nt, with the aecompaaying documtots to which h* refsn. The fifth sectiss ef the Act of reasonable amount shonl-i he appropriated fur the compensation of tho Building Uom- nfoifon'.-r.. They hnvs been engaged throe yturs. in this service; their duties have Imen rtttpofj.ii hie and they have performed them faithfully and economically. The claims of the ‘ Academy for the Blind’ and of the “Georgia Asylnm forttio De*f and Dntnb," will be laid before you tiy the r re spective reports horewith submitted. I cor dially commend these benevolent Institutions to yoar fostering care. Under the direction Of the Inst General Assembly providing for the surrey of the Olcefenokec Swamp, and for other purponca, I appointed Richard i- Hunter, i.'ivil Bogin. e*r, to perform the service required by thut #ct. Thu undtrtaking was nrdnuos and liazzardooi, and has reqnircd hi* continued labor from the 3d of December, 1856, to the present time. Four months ot the time were spent in 11m work of actual surrey.— T bu expense* of the survey, including coat of the scientific analysis cf specimens of soil, wen (2,780 61, and paid out of th* Cumin* gent Fund; and he im* received from the same fund, la part peymen' for hie services, thesam of 8479 49. I herewith transmit the repart of the 0-til Engineer, end, looking to the hezzard. the labor, the time consumed end the leiet.t fie skill required, J tiprcse the opdoioo, that lutshould receive the additional tom of 83,500, as a compensation for bis asrrics*. Th* last Uanaril Assembly apuropriatad •7,600 for repairing tho Hut* House, and Departments was indispensiblo. This I have purchased and you should make un appro- printiou to pay the bills. I have had tho public square graded uud enclosed with a substantial new fence. But the oost tu the State is insignificant. The Penitentiary boiug overcrowded with convicts, whooould not he profitably smployep nithin its wails, this portion of tho worltjhoa been performed by them. I trust it will rneot the sanction of tlie Legislature. The condition of the public buildings is now suob, that an annu al appreciation of $850 00, togother with such work, us can be conveniently done by the convicts, under thu direction of the Gov ernor, will preserve them in good keeping, loran indefinite period. I recommon I such aa appropriation. 1 renew tho recommendation to remove tlie the Arsenal, and, upon proper compensa tion to tho respective denominations tho re moval also of tho Uliurches from the public square. Those structures arc real eyesores, ami will always bo an obstacle to its per nmmeutnud tasteful ornament. You will learn by painful experience that tho Iatgislntivo Halls are too small for the Comfortable accommodation of the Legisla ture. I renew the recommendation to en large tbo State House, according to tlie plan submitted by Messots. Sboll and Fuy, to the last General Assembly. 1 recommend tlie repeal of tho Aet of March 4th, lhoti, which requires tho State I'rioter to report und to famish df.ily, to retch Senator and Representative, a report of the proceedings of the General Assembly. That officer Inv. made no preparation to oxccute this service. Ho is entitled ton voto for it. It will cost the State not less than SliO.OOO; un amount far beyond any Imuelit that may accrue to tiro public interest, Tlie Stale Library is gradually increasing in thu number and value of its collect ons, under tho annual appropriations wisely set apart for that purjiose- I herewith transmit a catalogue ol tho books it contains, and re- spectfully recommend an increase of tbcsnl- arv of tho Librarian. Toe last General Assembly, by an Act approved .March 3d, 1856, authorised tbc Governor to rmjnoi/ a eomjxtent Eurtci/or, and have surveyed and sold, a meant square of hind in the city of Columbus, as the prop erty of the State. James 11. Hamilton Eat)., was duly appointed to perform this service ; but doing enjoined by the Mayor and CJpun- cil, claiming it as the property of the city, I directed him to obtain a contionanco of the cause, until tho meeting of the Legislature, in ordor, that tho title might be investigated and, if possible, save the expense of furth er litigation. I therefore invite your atten thut tn tins subject. It is ascertained, that the Great Seal of tho State has been counterfeited and that I'orgod Grants of lauds in Georgia, are ex tant, authenticated by such seals. This, together witli the fact, that the coal is s limped upon wux and attached by tape tu Grants and other documents requiring such authentication, is cumbersome and inconve nient and easily imitated, suggest* the pro priety of dispensing witli tho wax ball and so altering it, that tlie impression may bo mode on the paper. f tall special attention to the condition of tlie Numerical I .and Books, in the Exocus live Department. They nro valuable to tbe •State a .d indispensable for tbe investigation of titles- Hut they are in a stuto of rumous ttiiation ; tho bindings broKon and many pages entirely worn out or lost, so that they are incapable of being repaired. Sovorul ol them have been fully completed and compared, under the supcrintonuunce of tbe Governor, I would rec-ummend that he bo authorised to allow such Compensation for them ns lie may consider adequate. I would respectfully, but earnestly im press upon tho Legislature tbo justice uf in creasing tlie salaries of Judicial and Execu tive officers. They wore fixed at a time of low prices, Sow the eiponsos of living are, at least fifty per cent, greater than they were tiler,. (The labors of those functiona ries arc oner mi. They occupy their whole time, and lor tbt-ir efficient performanoo, require experience and cultivated mind. Is it right, that their compensation should af ford tnt a meagre subsistence for their fam ilies? I hope 1 shall lie pardoned for refer ring specially ro tho Govortior's salanr.. .1 can -peak of it from experience, andwitig about to retire, without the imputation of selfishness. I know that with tbe utmost economy comj-ntiblo with tolerable gentility, he ejnnot spend less than 85,000 00 annual ly. Looking to the Judges’ salaries; what a pittance is left, after defraying their trav elling expenses? No wonder, our public men, allured by tho attractiODi of Federal offices, turn awxy from those of tho .State. Is this juist ? Is it sound policy ? Is it re- putable’to tho diameter of Georgia, with a taxable wealth of COO millions? Reflect upon tlie expenses of the Clerkships of the two Houses of the Legislature. They swell to the enormous sum of $35,000 00; equal to two-thirds of your appropriations for the “Givil Establishment.” A suitable and much needed retrenchment, in this single item, would enable you to pay adequate sal aries to your Jadictaland Executive officers. I submit tbeso suggestions to your enlight ened senso of justice. In my iost biennial message, I called tbe attention of tbe General Assembly to a prop, osition from tbo Governor of Florida, to suspend tbo suit in the Hupreme Court of the United States, in relation to the bouo- dary line betwoon that State and this, with the view of ondeavoriog to settle tho contro versy iiy negotiation, and asked them “to adopt such measures os would enable tha negotiation to he entered upon,” But Ibe I/'gislature adjourned witboat taking an- aetiun on the subject. I therefore felt i iny doty, knowing the friendly dlapoaltioo of Gourgin towards Florida, to open a cop- revpondenco with the Governor of the latter Sta'o, which resulted in a proposition by Governor Broome, "to adopt the terminal points of the present recognised line as tha true terminal point* of tbo boundary line, to be resurvoyed, corrected and marked, provided it is shown by either party that the present line is incorrect.” ir accepted th* proposition in the following wordsOf course my acceptance of your proposition can bare no force, until ratified by tb* Leg. islaturo of Georgia. Bo far however, as I am uiitborised, I accept it. But i have no power to appoint a surveyor, nor appropria tion to defray the expense of resorvny/- Bnt the Legislature of Georgia will ooavene on the first of November, and I will submit the whole subject, with onr eorrespondesoa, and cheerfully recommend them to take such action, as wifi enable my sucoemor to bring tbn matter to a final termination. I entar- tain no doubt but the Legislature will promptly doao.” It la proper to obstrv* that tba Governor of Florida, although con tent with it* terminal points, la of tba opin ion that tbe present recognised I in* is imper fectly surveyed and marked aad crooked.— All that bis proposition contempiatca, U> _ line shall be roaartfeyed and re marked, provided it ehall be shown by eith er party that it is imperlodt. If tree, It is tbe Interest of both, States, that the lino should be correctly run, and whl) defined; and as Georgia, is acting entirely on tbo do. fenslve, not wishing to enlarge her territo ry at tbe expense of Florida, 1 promptly aeceptod tbo proposed basis of settlement and respectfully submit the sanitfor your favorable consideration. It Is but justico to say, that throughout the outirc correspon dence, tlie Governor cf Florida, exhibited the mest amioable spirit and the utmost re spect for tho feelings and rights of this Slate, all of whiob was moil cordially recip rocated on my port. Without entering into tbe argumont, I renew tbo recommendation, for a Geological •urvey of the State, so imperatively demand ed by its vast undeveloped agricultural nnd mineral resources. Tho expenso of such a work is absolutely insignificant, compared with its benoticial results. Will tho Legis* iature continue ta refuse encouragement for tbo improvement of the soil? Shall we never see the day, when science shall direct the enterprise of the husbandman, aud ex plore tlie treasures of our mountains. Tho necessity of revising nnd amending tbe Militia laws, so ns to render them effi cient, for the parposo designed, has so often been presented to the Geqernl. AssenihV, without eliciting favorable action, tliu i as if I am obtruding upon yonr cons tion nn unwelcome theme, by renowin- t u subject. But sucb, in tho judgment of tlie Executive, is tho maguitudo and importance of the object, that I venture again to invito special attention to i.\ The military power is tho right arm of the government. We depend upon it, to enforce the oivil laws of tho land, if resisted by numbers sufficient to rcuuirc its interposition, ta crush ‘insurrec tion and repel invasion. A standing army, is ropugunnt ta tho character of our govern ment, and therefore a citizen soldiery is our only reliance, fur all tlieemergencios, which may call for tbo employment uf military force. Are our liberties worth preserving? Are our civil rights and institutions, sulh- ciently valuable to be maintained und de fended? Ours boing the only government, ou ourtb, that recognises tlie equality and sovereignty of tha [icoplo, it is despised by despots, who wutch witli hopeful anxiety, the opportunity for successful assault, ami and with evident gratification,'overy symp- t un of fatal civiidiscord. Gan it booxpec:| cd then, that wo are to enjoy a perpetual reign of peace und our career to grcntnon and renew 11 will be unimpeded by tho shock ami calamities cf war? Our territory stretches from the Atlantio to tbo Pacific, from Lake Superior lo the Gulf of Mexico- Uur population is increasing with unexam pled rapidity, our interests aro diversified and conflicting, the social institutions of the South differ from those of the North und they are relentlessly assailed by the Aboli- ists, whose policy, if triumphant will drive us from tho Uniou, or to the more tcrriblo degradation of submission to their aggros- Bioos. Shall wo lie supinely upon our backs and ‘hug tho delusive phantom’ of piaco and fraternity? Shall wc make no preparation, for seif defence and self preservation, when every your brings nearer to our doors tho assassin and incendiary? I am sufficiently hopeful of the future. I would not sketch oxagerated pictures uf our prospcots.I would not too readily anticipate the horrors of tho storm and the tempest. But if history bo true, the past leads us to expect difficulties ami the voice of patriotism and wisdom ad monishes us to prepare for them. Even new our political horizon is draped iu clouds u'iiI deep mutteriugs of discontent are heard, iron oue oxtremo to the other of tho Union. Boouer than we suppose,wo may bo forced to dofoud our rights and honor by tho courage of our people and the strength of our arms. Aro we ready? On the contrary, wo have almost no organized military force. Our Militia laws arc disregarded. Scarcoly a district in the State is properly officered.— Gur people are unarmed and untaught in the nrt of war. The effective military strength of tho Stute is uot and enunot bo uscertainod under exisiting laws. I respectfully sub mit to the Legislature, whether this stato of' things ourht to be permitted longer to ex ist? Is it compatible with the honor and dignity of the State? Is it not fearfully buznr.'ous to our eafety within and from without? Is it no', in truth, an invitation for nggreeion ? What is the remedy? We must havo a thorough militia organisation, with suoh regulations, as wifi rendor the system capable of enforcement. Wc must havo a sufficient number of men trained in military tactic) to officer ths forces of the State. Tho Georgia Military Institute, (whose report is herewith submitted) is rapidly supplying this desideratum, and therefore, it should be fostored by the Leg islature with the utmost liberality. We ought to have a woll organized aud drilled volnntcor corps iu every county in the State; and therefore the formation of companies should be encouraged. This may be effec tually done, by exempting from military do ty, except in time of war, invasion or insur- rcction, all between tbe ages of oigbteonand forty five yoars, who may have served, for seven yeava continuously, in any company. The mditary spirit should be fostered.— ThI) may be done by raising and setting a "part a sum to defray the expenses of an annasl military encamptmeot, at saoh time and place as tbe Commander in Chief may order. Sncb convocation will give unifor mity in drill, aeenre the enforcement of dis- dipline, cultivate fraternal feeling among the corps and in soma degree, inure them to the hardship! of tbe field. Buob a fund as may be required for the purpose can be raised, by substituting a small commutation tax, in lien of actual military duty, in time of peace, at tbo option of tbe citizen. Oar people, liablo to perform military service, ought to be furnished with arms. It is vain to rely upon the pittance doled ottt, by the General Government, under the pot of Congress, for arming the Militia of the United States, Tbe supply from this source is inadequate to furnish cveu the few volun teer eompanioe scattered over tbe State.— Hence, the Legislature should either make an annual appropriation for this ptffposy or establish no army, for the manufacture of arms, ^ho latter, it is believed, will prove tbe moro^ efficient aad in the end, tbe more economical. I earnestly invoke your favor able consideration of this important branch of tha pubiio service. It D needless to adduce argument, to cOn- vinoo intelligent mou of tbc educational wants of Georgia. It is demonstrated by tba foot, that there are many thousand adults, iu our midst, who can neither read nor write, and as many poor children who moat bo for ever debarred tbe blessinga of education, in consanaenoc of the poverty of their parents; by tBe great deficiency of toaebora to supply tbe demand in almost every section ot the State; by tbe character of onr political in stitutions, which are based upon the assum ed capacity of tbe people for self govern ment; by the faet, that too many of our ohlklren art sent to distant State* for edu cation, where they an liable to tmblde doc trine* hostile to our peculiar social organi zation, and an surrounded by influences calculated to Impart an anti-Southern tono to their sentiments andfcalinp, by the crlms that burdens our criminsp dockets, and lo- viss its thousand* of tribute upon the earn- ' i of honest industry, to auppori paupers prisons; by the vloleoeo ana corruption that doaecrata tb* ballot bos, at all our popular'eleetioofi by tbe exhauatalkm of ih* *oU,uad«r a system of Agrioaltnre that gleriaa in aoladu>f th* appuoation of aci- autieprlndol**. lam awsrp, that oduca tion, to he efiaotive, must command , 0 seal aad apdraoiativu energies of the parents or eachauweedinggeneration, lam equally aware, that tb* astabliscmeat of any ai sebaaaa,will require, in" the' aouey. Bat, as it may Mt baaceonpUshid to a day or year, nth* entire amount uoed not be appropriated at