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1 ERROR CEASES TO BE DANGEROUS WHEN REASON IS LEFT FREE TO COMBAT IT-” Jefferson. VOLUME XVIII. ATLANTA, GA„ WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 31,1866. NUMBER 5. IDttklt) Intrlligcnrer. PUBLISHED DAILY AND WEEKLY BY JABED I. WHITAKER, Proprietor. JOHN H. NTERLE, - - - Editor. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, Wednesday, January 31, 1806. Observation! on tlie Small-Pox. Tlic Columbus Sun notices a communication from Dr. E. P. Guinea in tljc Mobile Tribune on the Small j»ox which gives some interesting re sults of observations made chiefly in Europe.— These, it says, “go to show that though there are some jtersons with whom the preventive effects of vaccination lasts a long lifetime, it is safest for all persons to l»e re-vaccinated whenever the disease prevails in their neighborhoods. I ft lie sys tern retains the effects of a prior vaccination, new one will not “take,” and if it does take second or third time, this is proof that the sys tem was liable to small pox in some form. Re cords of the Prussian army show that out of hIhuiI folly thousand soldiers re-vaccinated, it “look” in about one-third of the cases; amongst Russian Holdiers re-vaccinated, the number on which it had effect a second time was abouteigli tccu per cent.; and of Danish soldiers more than one half took a second time. Individual cases have been known in which re-vaccination at pe riods as early as eighteen months and three years after the first operation took perfectly. Some persons, however, can never be re-vaccinated. It is believed that vaccination once perfectly per formed lias the effect of modifying an uttack of small (Sox at any stage of life. And it is contend ed that even after small pox has commenced vac cination will modify the disease. Second attacks of small pox are referred to, but the mortally in such cases does not appear to have been as great as in original attacks.” In the present condition of our city, enveloped as it were, by this loathsome discuse, any infor mation connected with its treatment, or as a pre ventative, is worth considering. To one fact, our attention has recently been called. In a family of three negro children, vaccination did not “take," although the operation was jicrform- cd by a skillful physician who felt assured that lie was using genuine vaccine matter. These children had never before been vaccinated. Wo know not, but there may he many more similar cases in our city, and as the city authorities authorized this vaccination, would it not he well lo institute inquiry, and see how far this failure has extended. Every quarter of our city is in fected bv this disease. The preventative should he applied, “forcibly if iUimst." Beecher on Reconstruction. “Wonders will never cease! ” The Reverend Ilonry Ward Beecher recently delivered a lec ture in Music Hull, Boston, in which he urged moderation and forgiveness to, not blood and re venge upon, the South. Is not this wonderful ? But hear him on “reconstruction” and negro suffrage! “For the North to demand of the South that she should give the right hand of suffrage to the black man would he the most ungracious thing lie had heard done. He spoke of Massachusetts and other States where the negro is allowed to vote, anil of Connecticut and other States where lie is not, and then said that if we should say to the South that they should not come back into the Union until tlie black man is allowed to vote, then the gravitation of the national heart would not be able to withstand this, and the construct ive part for the next twenty-five years might be t he Copperheads. They are not the men into w hose hands should he thrown the fabrics whicli arOto lie woven into the new garments which the nation is to wear in future years. They" must not expect that the men who have submitted to an overpowering military force will rejoice at their own downfall and spring up and kiss the hand which whipped them, lie did not think it strange that some of the Southern men grumbled after defeat, unii he thought they should be al lowed lo grumble the same as a boy to cry after lie has been whipped. They must not expect that men educated under different institutions and to political principles totally at defiance with our own, to readily adopt new ones from the Northern men. They must not expect that men who have always regarded negroes as scmi-liu- tnan, to go for the whole doctrine of suffrage and citizenship.” No, indeed, the North must not expect the men of the South to go for the whole doc trine of negro suffrage and citizenship. Mr. Beecher is right. Such an expectation will meet with disappointment. As well might the radicals at the North have expected to see the South emancipate their former slaves voluntarily, as to expect it now to go for uegro suffrage. The par son is right for once in his life. Dispatches from New Orleans give tlie partic ulars of a dash, on the 4th instant, by 400 fili busters from the American side of the Rio Grande, on the Mexican town of Bagdad. The Imperial garrison, variously stated at from 150 to -275, was surprised and captured without an en gagement. At day-light, the French inen-of-war opened fire, hut, up to last advices, had not dis lodged the filibusters. The latter were com manded by a Colonel Reed. 1,200 Imperialists are reported on their wayvto attack them. A full statement of the affair will be found in another column. Mr. A. Roberts, of the Nashville Banner, has fallen a victim to small-pox. The Union & Amer ican says: “We are equally gratified at the an nouncement that he retains his wonted good hu mor and does not consider himself dangerous.— We trust, howsoever much our sympathies may be enlisted, he will not expect that we should ex press any desire that he should be pitted. We ask pardon for using his own pun, but, under all the circumstances, it could not he avoided. Get up, Happy, and come in." The numerous friends of Stephen IX Lee, late a prominent General in the Confederate ar my, will be gratified to learn that he is in excel lent health and spirits. He now resides near Columbus, Miss., where he married last year. The Geueral is engaged in planting, and writes cheeringly and hopefully as to the future. Trial of Gen. II. W. Mercer.—The trial of this gentleman at Savannah, by a military' court, has closed. We have no doubt that he will lie acquitted, as the evidence was clear that he knew nothing of the proceedings of the court martial that condemned the seven men to death, conse quently did not order their execution. Col. E. M. Galt.—We are pained to learn that this gentleman, who commanded at the close of the war the “First Regiment Georgia State Line,” died recently in Acworth. He was a gal lant gentleman and leaves many friends to mourn his loss. w- Tiie largest crop of corn ever raised in the West was produced during 1S65. It is used ex tremely as a substitute for coal, and makes a hot ter fire. Com is now selling in Chicago for 37 cents per bushel, which is cheaper as fuel than coal at ten dollars per ton. Gens. Heath, Pillow, Hood, Longstreet, and other Southern leaders, are said to have visited Cincinnati and engaged there sixteen hundred white laborers and purchased eight hundred cot ton ploughs. Gen. Hooker has beeu struck with paralysis. Caury Etna, As Governor Jenkins has called the atten tion of tlie Legislature to this subject, and as it is now attracting the attention of the people to a considerable extent, we have tliouglil of making some suggestions in reference to it, and would have done so to-day, hut seeing the following in the Richmond Sentinel wc present it to our read ers as embracing views so similar to our own that we adopt, and commend it to their consid eration : “It is hard for the wheel to leave a deep worn rut. It is hard for men, and especially for legis lators, to abandon old ideas and old prescriptions The traveled track may no longer be safe. It may have worn through, or it may have become ol»structed, or some temporary necessity may de mand a temporary divergence; but many will encounter all these difficulties sooner than forsake the lieaten way. “We cannot account, except upon supposition of tlie sway of this liabit, lor the extreme reluc tance, nay, the stubborn opposition, manifested to such modification of our usury laws as tlie circumstances of the times demand. Capital was never so much needed among us, and yet was never liefore so scarce. The times are exception al in an extraordinary degree; and yet, for want of the wisdom or the courage to adapt our laws to the occasion, we are doing nothing to accom modate ourselves to the altered circumstances.— Other States which need capital far less than we are doing far more to attract it. Nay, the very capital that is in our midst, is tempted abroad, by the greater returns offered for the use of it. citizen of Virginia with five thousand dollars to lend—if we may suppose such a case without of fense to probability—would find it to liis advati tage to send it to New York to be loaned, rather Ilian to Richmond, because New York is paying a higher interest “In such a state of things it is evident that al though Virginia is a monetary vacuum, it is not such a vacuum as “nature abhors.” There is no wish to fill it. There is no flow of capital hither. On the contrary, the drain is in the other diree lion. New York, which is the great centre of capital in this country, is likewise the sea to wards whicli all streams flow. We do our part here in Virginia to swell the tide of wealth that pours into Gotham. We are requiring our mon ey-lenders to send their means to New York for investment under penalty of two per cent, per annum if they retain them here. The effect upon our monetary affairs is necessarily disas trous. We need money far more here than it is needed in New York, but it will not come here. It will not stay here. For many of the purposes that press upon us we could afford to pay more for money than can be afforded in New York. Tlie horse that is to plough the ground, the seed that is to sprout the harvest, the fence that is to protect the crop, arc better procured at double price than not obtained at all. The property that is unproductive for want of repairs, not a fifth or tenth of its value, may well pay a high interest for the needed sum, rather than lie waste. There are numberless cases in our pres ent prostrate condition, in whicli it would be far better t<5 have a little money at a high price than not to have it at all. “We know it is argued that there are many' branches of business that cannot afford a higher rate of interest than six per cent.; and tlie farm ing community are often specially named in this connection. But there are several answers to this. All articles of produce are higher than ever'hefore, and an advance of interest would only correspond to the advance in everything else. Nobody would he compelled to borrow if his interests on the whole did not justify it. It is better to pay a higher interest for a time, than to pay enormous advances in credit prices, or he compelled to leave one’s farm wholly untilled and desolate. “But it is to lie remembered that restricting the rate of interest does not guarantee loans at tlie specified rate; it onfy tends to make loans impossible. It forces no man to lend money, it only tends to drive money away. It aims to protect citizens from high rates, but it tends to put all rates out of their option. “Wliat is the practical operation of this at tempted restriction of the rate of interest, below what it brings elsewhere, and what it would bring in open market ? It greatly diminishes the capital for loan, and thus greatly increases the quest and demand for it This enables tlie lend er to demand and to obtain the most enormous rates; five per cent a month, or a hundred per cent, per annum, or whatever sum avarice and monopoly may suggest, and while thus fleecing the unhappy borrower, he lays the blame upon the law, which makes his leans hazardous, and obliges him to charge ‘something lor the risk.’ It is thus that the law against- usury protects those whose business requires the use of money', at whatever price! It is thus, that in attempting to make a cheaper market for money hire, than obtains where money is in greater supply, it hands over citizens, hound hand and foot to the mercies of the extortioner.” “Well may the borrower say, save me from my friends if such be their friendly service! That such is the operation of the six per cent, pre scription at this time, there can be no doubt. It keeps money away and forces it to he sought through tortuous and demoralizing devices and on ruinous terms. Why not, under our circum stances of peculiar distress, try here the experi ment which has worked so happily as a perma nent system elsewhere ? Why not give Richmond, if but for the season, something of the same fa cilities for building its waste places which have covered Manhattan Island with palaces ? If the Legislature cannot give positive help to a suffer ing people, it may at least remove fatal impedi ments. It may take away the shackles which our wasted limbs can no longer support. “The proposition to allow a rate of interest not exceeding ten per cent, if agreed upon by con tract—in all other cases, six per cent, to be charged as at present—is one to which there can be no Talid objection—none which has not been exploded by the actual experience of other States. Its adoption, while it would allow an increase in the nominal rate of interest, would diminish incalculably the sums now actually paid for interest in the various circuitous forms, and would secure to our people those monetary ac commodations of which we are now in most ur gent need. Who can deny the coveted relief, and condemn a deeply suffering people to tmne- cessary inflictionsV” Falvenltf of Georgia. This article which appears in our paper to day, over the signature of “Georgia,” is from the pen of one oi the alumnte of “Franklin College,” and will doubtless attract much attention, if not controversy. ’ The author is a citizen of Georgia and stands high in the estimation of those who know him. We do not design—at least in pub lishing the article, it is not cur intention to en dorse, or to controvert any of the positions he as sumes in reference to our “State University.”— We leave this, at least few the present, to those whose knowledge of the subject exceeds ours.— We publish the communication, as we shall cheerfully publish any reply to it, simply because whatever concerns our State University, or the subject of education, is a matter of too touch pub lic interest to refuse to it a place in oar columns. [communicated.] The Legislature and the State University, The recent Convention of the people of Geor gia enjoined upon the next Legislature to revive the University of Georgia, and to endow the same. The injunction of a body so august is to be re ceived with profound respect, and in its letter, as well as its spirit, is to he obeyed, unless that body was laboring under obvious error. The injunction to revive the State University admits of no hesitation on tlie part of the Legis lature. If, however, it should be found that this Institution is already sufficiently endowed, in view of the wants and pecuniary ability of the State, then further endowment would be unne cessary. We, as a people, are now in a transition state. We have passed through a -violent revolution as after a heavy storm at sea, damages are to be repaired, and careful examination is made to see whether that which is to he made new cannot he made better than that which is old, it is our duty, as a people, to ascertain in all things whether we cannot improve upon the former pat tern. If a man’s fence has been burned, or his buildings destroyed, it will he his effort to re build of better materials, in a more convenient form, and in a better place. All history teaches that tlie most scourging revolutions have in the end resulted in the advantage of those who have suffered or their posterity. We may bum out dross, but cannot consume the pure metal. These trite thoughts are of force in their appli cation to the State University. Tlie exercises of that Institution have been interrupted. A portion of its property lias been destroyed ; its buildings, library and apparatus have been preserved. It becomes the Legislature to make an examination at this juncture into the past liistoiy of that school of learning; to inquire into the appropria tion ol its funds; the competency of its faculty; the character of its trustees, including their fit ness for their position ; its moral and intellectual influence upon the youth of the State, and, above all, whether a university in the broad sense of the word, and without a burlesque upon it, is practicable in a population of less than 700,000 whites. It is proposed to consider these points; and if the discussion of these topics should involve any censure upon the organization or conduct of the University, it must not be set down either in hos tility to the University or to the cause of educa tion in Georgia. The writer is a graduate of Franklin College. The recollections of his col lege life are among the pleasantest memories of his early years. It is far from his purpose to do or say anything to the injury of his alma mater. Can we have a university in Georgia in the usual sense of the word ? That is to say, a school of learning in which the whole circle of the sciences shall be taught by competent men. It is in the nature of things impossible. A Uni versity requires the following pre-requilites: A numerous population,among whom there is much wealth, great competition in intellectual pursuits, and a willingness on the part of young men to delay their entrance upon active life until a com paratively late period ot life. We have not one of these pre-requisites. We have a small popu lation, we have little wealth, we have little com petition in intellectual labors, and onr young men enter upon their professions almost immediately after graduation. Who among them is disposed to incur the expense and delay of a University course ? The few who desire such a course go to Europe. We can have and have had a most valuable State College. We cannot make a small thing large by giving it a big name, but we can make it ridiculous. A Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Board of Trustees, Faculty, &c., to preside over about one hundred hoys—not a larger number— and of not more advanced years than Dr. Wad- del and Dr. Bemans were accustomed to teach in tlieir respective schools. Before the war the property of Franklin Col lege was estimated at $300,000, besides the an nual appropriation. The interest on this sum is $21,000. For many years there has probably not been an average graduating class of more than twenty-one young men. Each student, when graduated, costs the State $1,000, besides tlie expenditure of his parents, which would be fulfy as much more, for liis food and clothing.— Let our Legislators consider this fact. The State paying a thousand dollars to educate the son of a rich man ! Is this just to the thousands of poor young men who cannot get tlie rudiments of an English education ? I do not desire to diminish the number of graduates, or to injure our College, but by calling attention to this glaring fact, awa ken such inquiry as will correct tlie evil. Three points deserve the special attention of the Legislature in connection with Franklin Col lege. 1st. The present organization of the Board of Trustees. That Board consists of twenty-four members; of these, ten are residents of Athens. Old Athens could scarcely furnish ten competent members of a Board of Trustees of a University. Can we expect to find that number in a little town of some 3,000 whites ? Let the friends of tlie College take the list and read it. They will find some names which would do honor to any literary board, but of others it is not necessary to speak. It is rare that more than eighteen members of the Boaid assemble. These ten res idents constitute a majority. The affairs of the Board may thus be settled in advance. Many of our most prominent and best qualified men have left that board in disgust. The funds of the College have been misman aged by putting up unnecessary buildings, iron railings, &c., while they have not increased the apparatus, museum or library. They erected an expensive stone building for an Academy, which, however useful or ornamental to the town of Athens, was of no use to the State, whose money built it_ At that time the College was too poor to subscribe for Silliman’s Journal. That Board should be re-organized, to be com posed of an equal number from each Congres sional District. No resident Executive Commit tee should be allowed, but the expenses of the Board shoDid be paid when the College needed the presence of the members. 2d. A change should be made in the organiza tion of the Faculty. The pay of the members should depend entirely, or to a considerable ex tent, upon the number of students. They have buildings, library, apparatus. If with these ad vantages they cannot draw students enough to pay their salaries, they should be removed and others put in their places who can. At the head of Franklin College is a gentleman of rare qual ities, pious, learned, eloquent, and of a singular aptness to teach. Give him the use of the fix tures of the College, require certain branches of education to be taught under the supervision of the Board of Trustees, let him appoint his pro fessors and pay himself and them from the tui tion money, and he will get rich, and there will soon be double the number o young men in Franklin College above any former period If this be not done, let the pay of the professors de pend on the tuition money. Parents will send their sons where they are best taught. The sala ried professor’s chair is very apt to beeome a “sleepy hollow.” What other salaried officers are required to do but three hour’s work daily ? We should learn a lesson from European man agement in this particular. At all events, let such a system be adopted as will prevail a cost to the State of $1,000 for every young man whogradu- 11 j GEORGIA LEGISLATURE ates at the State College. OCR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE. 3d, A great changer is needed in the presen course of study in Franklin College. At present I cannot be wrong (though the list of studies is not before me,) in saying that two-thirds of the students’ time is occupied with Latin and Greek. To the Minister of the Gospel, to the physician so far as to enable him to understand the nomen clature of his profession, to the accomplished and elegant scholar, with or without a profession, the classics are of much importance. Bnt a small portion of our graduates belong to either of the above classes. They beeome planters, merchants, or engage in other active pursuits, and are defi cient in the knowledge which they might have obtained in college, and for which tlieir Latin and Greek are very poor substitutes. It is hoped that a Board of Trustees will be secured compe tent to arrange a scheme of education, which shall fit young men for the age in which we live. It has been said that we cannot have a Univer sity in Georgia, in the usual sense of the word We can have one according to the plan originally adopted, and which was not only magnificent in conception, but of admirable adaptation to our wants. It was suggested by General Jackson, a man as wise as he waafbrave and great. Of this University, Franklin dollege was a part. The University embraced the education of the entire youth of the State. It began at the beginning, and not at the end. With the child, and after wards the young man; with the poor as well as the rich. It is to be regretted that that grand scheme has been abandoned. Will not the pres ent Legislature bestow upon it its attention? The length of this communication prevents my developing it. To return, in conclusion, to Franklin College While averse to any appropriation to pay salar ies of professors, or for the use of additional brick and mortar, it is the belief of the writer that appropriations should be made for the in crease of the library apparatus and cabinet of natural science. As it now stands, there is not a library or cabinet in Georgia to which a scholar, or man of science can resort with any certainty of obtaining the information he requires. Another appropriation would be eminently wise, but the greatest educational necessity is that of teachers for our primaiy schools. There are hun dreds of maimed young soldiers, who cannot work with their hands. Let us send them to Athens or elsewhere, pay their expenses, and make common school teachers oi them! For such an appropriation to Franklin College, I think every true-hearted Georgian would be wil ling to be taxed. Georgian. Special, Correspondence from Ulllledge vllle. Milledgeville, Jan. 22,1866. Editor Intelligencer:—Yesterday (Sunday) was a bright, cold day, and the several churches of the city were well attended. It is gratifying to see the respect that the members of the General Assembly pay the Sabbath, by their attendance on religious worship. At the Presbyterian Church Rev. D. Flynn, Chaplain of the House, officiates. At the Baptist Church Rev. Mr. Brooks, and at the Methodist Rev. Mr. Yarborough. The past week has been a busy one with both branches of the Legislature. Representatives seem to be impressed with a sense of their duty to their constituency, and I doubt not the whole business devolving on the Legislature will be gone through with as soon as possible. The election for United States Senators, it is believed by a majority, will be postponed for some time yet, though some think it will come off within the next ten days. For the long term of Senator the candidates are Hon. Joshua Hill and Ex-Provisional Governor Johnson. I hear it predicted that Mr. Hill will be elected. The Hon. A. H. Stephens, however, is here, and all that is necessary to insure his election is for him to say that he is a candidate. For the short term ot Senator Gen. L. J. Gar- trell, is, I believe, the only announced candidate as I leurn. Mr. Parrott, of Cass, has declined liis candidacy. It is rumored also that Ex-Governor H. V. Johnson will not be a candidate. The election of Judges of the Supreme Bench per haps will be brought on soon. The declared candidates for the long term are, Gen. H. L. Ben- ning, Judges R. F. Lyon and Dawson A. Walker. Those for the short term are Judge Harris, of the Ocmulgee Circuit; Judge R. H. Clark, and Judge Warner. All acknowledge Judge War ner’s eminent capacity. The appointment of a Superintendent for the Western & Atlantic Railroad has not yet been made. I should not be surpised if a citizen of Atlanta is chosen to that position. That citizen,, know, has been recommended to his Excellen cy by some of the most distinguished gentlemen of Georgia, and this added to what I have from reliable sources, of the capacity of the applicant, gives assurance of liis appointment. Knowing that Governor Jenkins w’ishes to have in that po sition, a man of energy and capacity, so that it may be made in the future as it was made in Governor Brown’s administration, a source of revenue to the State. The Legislature seems to be in favor of con tinuing the penitentiary, and its removal from Milledgeville—probably to Stone Mountain. With the exception of a dance and a concert the latter of which was well attended, there has been no evening amusements at the capital. Representatives from all portions of the State report the freedmen to have made contracts and going to work in earnest. This being true, may we not hope for better times in the future ? Milledgeville, Jan. 23,1866. The Legislature continues to do daily a large amount of business. Members seem to be at work in earnest trying to get through with the- business to be done time enough to get home to plant their crops. It is evident, however, from the vast amount of matter introduced and being introduced, if they do the business necessary, that the Legislature will be protracted. The election of United States Senators and Supreme Judges is the theme of discussion.— There seems to be considerable opposition to Gen. Benning, though his friends are very de voted to him. In the person of Cincinnatus Peeples, of Grif fin, we have a new candidate for Senator. Mr. Peeples has some warm friends, who are san guine of his election. Jesse W. Jackson, of Bnckhead, made a speech in the Representative Hall last night on the sub ject of relief to the people as regards the debts. Mr. Ja&son advises repudiation, which does not seem to take with the Legislature. A stay law they think right under the' circumstances. Mr. Jackson, however, handled the subject well, and was frequently applauded during the speech. Hon. A. H. Stephens is still here, and mingles freely with the members. Hon. Linton Stephens is also here. There is a great disposition to elect Hon. A. H. Stephens to the Senate, though it is believed im politic to do so for the reason that he would not be allowed to take his seat. With the exception of a hop at Sewell’s Hall last night by the young folks, there has nothing occurred at the Capital in the w;ay of amuse ments since the concert and supper of last week. N. Milledgeville, Jan. 22, 1866. SENATE. The Senate met at 10 o’clock A. AC. Prayer by the Chaplain. The journal of Saturday was read and ap proved. The order of the da} was for the. reading of bills the third time. Bill to authorize Silas Ball, an infirm and disa bled citizen of Emannel county, to peddle with out a license. Lost. , Bill to authorize the sale of all the lands of the State, whether surveyed or unsorveyed, lying in the Okefenokee swamp. Opposition being man ifested to the bill, on motion it was postponed for the present. Bill to authorize any person maimed in tlie late war to peddle without a license. Postponed. Bill to authorize H. L. W. Craig to practice medicine. Postponed. Bill to require certain crimiual prosecutions to be nolle prosequi. Passed. Bill to repeal the acts amendatoiy of the char ter of the Macon & Western Railroad. Passed. Bill to amend the charter of the Dalton & Jack sonville (Ala.) Railroad. Passed. Bill to allow 10 per cent, interest to be collected if agreed upon. If more than 10 per cent, is contracted, only the principal may be collected. Where no rate is specified, the rate of 7 percent, is to be understood. The bill was passed, yeas 25, nays 16. This bill was introduced by Mr. Gresham. Bill to incorporate the Georgia Express Com pany. Passed. The next order was for the reading of bills the second lime, after the completion which, a House resolution requesting the opening of mail routes in this State was passed. The Senate then adjourned. HOUSE. House met. Prayer by the Chaplain. Tlie Journal was read. Upon the call of the counties for new matter, the following bills were introduced : Mr. Pottle. A bill to change the name ot the Milledgeville Railroad, and for other purposes; also, a bill to amend 4391 Section of the new Code; also, a bill to amend Section 1776 of new Code; also, a bill to alter and repeal certain sections of the revised Code relative to the pay ment of claims on the estates of deceased per sons ; also a bill to repeal 742 Section of the new Code 6f Georgia. Mr. Stanfield. A bill to extend the civil ju risdiction of courts in various counties of this State ; a bill to fix the fees of the Justices of the Peace in the several counties of the State. Mr. Shaw. A bill to change the mode of em- pannclling jurors for trial in criminal cases. Mr. McDowell, of Pike. A bill for the relief of persons therein named, and to pay expenses incurred in the suppression of small pox in Pike county. Appropriates $1,500. Mr. Frazier. A resolution requesting the President to omit a portion of the oath to be ta ken by post masters, declaring that they gave no aid to the Confederate States in the late war. Mr. Hinton, of Jackson. A bill to amend sec tion 1385 of Code. Mr. McDowell, of Heard. A bill to allow In ferior Court to levy and collect a tax to compen sate P. G. Morrow and others for expenses incur red in small pox cases in Heard county. Mr. Brock. A bill to authorize sheriffs and constables to pursue into any county, persons charged with crime without warrant being signed by judicial officer. Mr. Hill, of Fulton. A bill to amend section 4613 of Code; also, a bill to incorporate Atlanta Canal and Water Works. Mr. Maddox, of Fulton. A bill to incorporate Atlanta Street Railroad Company, and for other purposes. ' Mr. Morris, of Franklin. A bill to authorize all persons who were ‘practitioners of medicine five years before lst-January, 1^66, to practice medicine, charge and collect for the same. Mr. Weaver,, of Clay. A bill to change the time of holding the court of Clay county ; also, bill relative to the collection of debts in cer tain cases. Mr. Wilkerson, of Columbia. A bill for the relief of administrators, executors, guardians and trustees, and for other purposes. Air. Harrison, of Chatham. A bill to incorpor ate the town of Vemonburgh; also, a bill to in corporate the Hydraulic Compressing Cotton Press Company of Savannah. Air. Hodges. A bill to- authorize the Inferior Court to pay over the State taxes of 1866—one half for the use of widows and orphans, and the oilier half to lie appropriated to build a court liouse and jail for Butts county. By L. L. Jones. A bill to amend section 1670 of the Code of Georgia; also, a bill to compel railroads, steamboats and express companies to give receipts for freight when offered for trans portation ; a bill to authorize the county' of Cher okee, and other counties similarly situated, to appropriate the State tax of 1866 for the erection of court houses and jails. Air. Williams. A bill to fix the fees of Coro ners in the several counties of this State. Air. Red wine, of Fayette. A bill to add an additional section to the charter of the town. Air. Aloses. A bill to amend 2462 Section of Code! Air. Hughes, of Twiggs. A resolution in re lation to the Confederate cotton loan. Air. Woods, of Floyd. A resolution in refer ence to contracts made during the war, and re questing the Judiciary Committee to bring in a bill to adjust all such contracts. Air. Shepherd. A bill to define and establish the surnames of freedmen, and for other pur- vote now stands in favor of the bill. His objec tion was that 10 per cent, was too low a rate. Air! Bedford introduced a bill to provide for the stay of executions. Afr. Crawford. A bill to amend tlie charter of the town of Athens. Mr. Daley. A bill to amend tlie 2466th para graph, part 2d, title 6th, chapter 3d of the Code. This bill provides that when all the parties in interest reside in the county where intestate dies, or when application is made for letters of ad- ministratidn, or letters testamentary, to allow ci tation to be perfected'by giving written notice of said application by posting notice at the court house door and at two or three public places in the county. Air. Gliolston'. A bill for tlie relief of maimed soldiers. It provides that the State shall furnish artificial limbs to such soldiers. Air. J. A. W. Jolinson. A bill to incorporate the Atlanta Street Railroad Company. Capital $150,000. Air. AIcDaniel. A bill to compensate Ordina ries for administering the amnesty oath. rule ni. si. for foreclosure of mortgages ol real estate in vacation. Air. Stallings. A tyll relative to the corpora tion of Newnan, (makes Newnan a city.) Mr. Alorris, of Franklin. A bill to add a sec tion to the Cotie; also, a bill to authorize any Sheriff or Constable to arrest any person charged with crime under warrant from a Judicial offi cer wherever found, in any county. Mr. Hill, of Fulton. A bill to amend act of incorporation of tlie "City of Atlanta. Mr, Maddox, of Fulton. A bill to incorpo rate the Georgia & Alabama Alining and Petro leum Company; also, a bill to change the name of the Confederate Marine & Fire Insurance Company of Atlanta to that ol the Empire State Alarine & Fire Company, and to define the lia bilities of stockholders. Mr. McWhorter, of Greene. A resolution that all bills proposing to change county lines shall be accompanied by a diagram showing the change to be made; a bill to change the line of Gordon and Alurray counties. Air. Phillips, of Habersham. A bill to add a Air. Gwens. A bill to repeal section 3778 of clause to the Code, “relates to drainage of ad- the Code. It allows parties at suit to be wit- joining lands.” nesses—the feet of tlieir being interested to lie considered in giving credit to their testimony; also, a bill to incorporate the Savannah Steam boat Company with insurance powers. Air. C. H. Smith. A bill to incorporate the Atlanta Loan Association. Air. Butler. A bill to incorporate the Savings Bank ot Augusta. The homestead bill, which was the special order of the day, was taken up and after some discussion, referred to the Judiciary Committee. Air. Redding introduced a bill to make valid private contracts made during the war. The Senate adjourned. HOUSE. House met. Prayer by the Chaplain, and the journal read. Leave of absence was granted Alessrs. Vason and Winningham for a few days on important business. The resolution of Air. Frazier of Liberty, in re lation to the modification of the test oath to be ta ken by postmasters was refereed to the Committee on the State of the Republic. A resolution to bring on the election of United States Senators was offered, but was unsuccessful for want of a three-fourth vote. Likewise an effort to bring on an election of Supreme Judges was unsuccessful. Bills on second reading being the order of the day, quite a number were read and referred to appropriate committees. Tlie rules were suspended to take up a resolu tion relating to certain claimants upon the State Mr. Baker, of Lowdes. A bill "for the relief of certain civil officers of the State. Mr. Render, of Meriwether. A bill to compel freedmen to labor in this State; also, a bill, to prevent.the settling of freedmen in this State from other States or territories. Air, Wood, of Morgan. A bill to declare Oli ver H. Wallace, the adopted child of Stephen S. Jones. Mr. Cabaniss, of Monroe. A bill to require railroads in this State to receive and forward all freights offered, on certain condition prescribed. Mr. Lawson, of Putnam. A bill to allow exe cutors and administrators to employ hired labor and to ratify contracts; also, a bill to provide for a division in kind of lands of estates in different counties. Air. Stewart, of Spalding. A bill to regulate court cqsts in certain cases. Mr. Webur, of Terrell. A bill to authorize the Justices of the Inferior Court to levy and collect a tax to compensate certain persons for attention to small pox cases in the county of Terrell. Air. Ridley, ol Troup. A bill to regulate con tracts of Freedmen. Mr. Morris, of Franklin, was granted leave qf absence for a few days. Air. Rhodes, of Walker. A bill to amend the election laws of the State. Air. Woods, of Floyd. A bill to prevent fire hunting, and punish offenders. Mr. , of White. A resolution relating to tlie establishment of an Agricultural Bureau. Air. Harrison, of Chatham. A bill to grant Road for services rendered under the conduct of I relief to the Alarine Bank of Georgia. poses. Bills on third reading were taken up and the following were passed: A bill to authorize the Inferior Court of Elbert county to lay a special tax for county purposes; a bill to incorporate the town of Elberton, and to repeal certain acts re lating thereto; a bill to repeal all laws against the distillation of grain into spirituous liquors; a bill granting certain privileges to persons living on the line of the Western & Atlantic Railroad. Several bills on third reading were referred to appropriate committees. A resolution was offered and passed tendering the use of the Representative Hall to Jesse W. Jackson, of Buckhead, to deliver an address on the subject of relief for the people. The House adjourned to meet at the usual hour to-morrow. N. . AIilledgeville, Jan. 23,1866. SENATE. The Senate met at 10 o’clock A. 31. Air. Owens moved to re-consider the action of the Senate in the passage of a bill to establish a conventional rate of interest not to exceed 10 per cent. Air. Owens, on making the motion, addressed the Senate in favor ot abolishing all rates of in terest and of allowing such interest to be collect ed as might have been agreed upon by the parties. He was replied to by Mr. O. L. Smith. The motion to re-consider was lost. Mr Kenan asked and obtained leave to change his vote of yesterday upon the interest bill. His Glenn, that they make out their claims and pre sent them at once. The House then adjourned till 9 o’clock to morrow- N. Milledgeville, Jan. 24,1866. SENATE. The Senate met at 10 o’clock, A. AI. The House resolution authorizing the Govern or to prosecute the claims of the State to cotton captured in Savannah, by the Federal army, was taken up and adopted. Seats on tlie floor of the Senate were tendered to Samuel Barnett and L. E. Bleckley, Esqs., commissioners appointed to prepare a code for the government of freedmen. The special order of tlie day—tlie abolition of tlie penitentiary system of punishment—was taken up. Air. Redding opposed the bill. He said in op posing the bill lie might be acting in opposition to the will of liis constituents, and while lie be lieved it the solemn duty of the Representative to carry out the wishes of his constituents as far as they could be conscientiously done, in this case he felt bound even to oppose tlieir wishes hastily and perhaps inconsiderately formed. He then went on to oppose the bill. Air. Turner favored the bill in a somewhat lengthy speech. Mi\ J. A. W. Johnson sustained Air. Redding’s position. Tlie question was further discussed by Air. Gresham, Mr. Strozier, Mr. Butler, Air. Carter, who opposed the abolition of tlie penitentiary and by Mr. Simmons who took tlie opposite side. House resolution bringing on election of ’Uni ted States Senators and Jndges of Supreme Court was tik6n up w w A motion was made and to ,,o M. ou. of £ ISS&ZSg the resolution “United States Senator. Lost, 0 f the greatest excitement on coming up with ayes 18; noes 20. him, pulled out their knives, and in a few mo- Alr Thornton moved to amend the resolution I ments the head .§£ the negro was severed from . , . . , .. a . .. Ins body. Onefof the shots winch the negro by bringing on the election of Senators on the fired tQ( / k effect in the abdomen of Mr . C oben, 15th ol February. The amendment was adopted w itli, it is thought, fatal results. Air. Cohen has by the casting vote of the President, there having been a resident of Collierville for some time past, been 20 votes on each side. and \ as in the °£P urc *Lasmg a newspaper „ ,. , wnen he was shot. The affair greatly excited The Senate adjourned^ the people of the neighborhood, and it was feared, HOUSE. I at one time, that a general riot would ensue. House met at 9 o’clock; prayer by the Chap- J he d ° ors ' sought refuge 1 from fright, under the seats and in the corners of Mr. Gartrell, of Cobb. A bill to authorize and require executors, administrators, ordinaries, &c., to make in their reruns an account of Con federate and State securities, belonging to the es tates of deceased persons. Air. Kibbee, of Pulaski. A bill to add a para graph to the 362d section of tlie Penal Code. Bills were taken up on tlieir third reading and the following passed : ♦ A bill to change the county line between Early and Miller. A bill to alter 2d and 3d Congres sional Districts so iar as relates to the county of Schley. Leave of absence was granted tlie member from Wilcox. House then adjourned till 9 o’clock to-morrow. Horrible Affair at Colliersville.—As the eastward-hound train on the Memphis Rail road reached Germantown, on Saturday evening last, Air! Tillman stepped into the car" filled by negroes, for tlie purpose of talking to one of liis employers. During the conversation something occurred, or was said, to arouse tlie ire of a negro (a discharged soldier) sitting close by, and lie im mediately began to address Air. Tillman in lan guage both impertinent and insulting. By this time the train began to move off, and Air. Till man was compelled to seek liis own car. When the train arrived at Collierville, Mr. Tillman again entered tlie negro car and shot at the negro, without,.however any effect. He then jumped to the ground, and the negro, raising the window of the ear, pulled a pistol and fired at Air. T. three times, the last shot entering his shoulder and lodging in the vicinity of liis heart. As soon as tlie negro had accomplished hjs hellish design, he jumped from the cars, and made with all pos sible speed for tlie woods. During this time a horse was released from a buggy standing close by, and being mounted by one of the spectators, he, in company with four or five others, started in pursuit of the murderer, who was shot down as he was entering 4Be woods, the ball taking effect in the hack, and bringiug him to the earth lain. The roll was called, absentees noted and the journal read. A petition was read from Stephen D. Bennett, of the county oi Newton, and referred to the Committee on Petitions. Mr. Stewart of Spalding -was added to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. Aloses of Muscogee, Chairman of the Com mittee on the Judiciary, made a report on certain bills. Air. Stewart of Spalding, Chair/nan Commit tee on Alanufactures, reported certain bills, the most important of which were amendments in regard to the liability of stockholders' in mining companies. Air. Glenn of Whitfield moved to take up th« Senate resolution bringing on the election of Judges of tlie Supreme Court and two United States Senators, which was agreed to. The res olution was so amended as to bring on tlie elec tion on Friday next, which was adopted and or dered to be transmitted forthwith to the Senate for concurrence. On a call for the introduction of new matter, the following bills were offered : Air. Howard of Bartow. A hill authorizing Justices of tlie Inferior Court of Bartow county to compromise for payment of holders ol county bonds; also, a bill authorizing the Inferior Court to build a court house and jail of Bartow, and to issue bonds and retain State tax for that pur pose. Mr. Edge of Campbell. A bill to authorize the Superior and Inferior Courts to fill vacancies in trustees of churches and camp grounds. Mr. Harrison, of Chatham. A resolution fix ing tlie hours of meeting of the House as fol lows : 9 a. ii. and 3p. m., after the present week. J. J. Jones, of Burke. A bill to define liabili ty ot executors, guardians and trustees for inter est on balances in hand for each year; also, a bill to organize a new Judicial Circuit, to be call ed the Augusta Circuit; a bill to promote the agricultural interest of Georgia; provides for the transportation of lime for agricultural purposes free of charge over the Western & Atlantic Rail road. Mr - Dodson. A bill lor the relief of persons practicing medicine without license; also, a bill to authorize Judges ot Inferior Courts to grant the car.—Memphis Appeal. Negro Grievance.—The people of Alassa- ehusetts are happy in another grievance. The landlord Of the American House, at PittsfleW, declined to receive Fred. Douglass as a guest, whereupon that black Demosthenes thunders at him from the lecture-room, and the newspapers declare a crusade against the hotel. Why don’t these philanthropists open their own houses to the black orator ? Why is it that Abolitionists always want other people to recog nize the equality of the negro? Those who send their daughters to academies want the ne gro to be admitted to the common schools.— Those who ride in carriages demand a place for him in the street cars. The fashionable church es shut him out of their pews, and demand an opening for him at the polls. Alassachusetts, which has no negroes, wants to reconstruct the South on a political negro basis; and the remote counties of this State, which have not a dozen of genuine blacks in their population, want to make him juror and supervisor, Ac., on Long Is land and in New York. In all these cases the design is not to better the black, but to annoy and disgust the common class of whites. The Puritans abolished hull- baiting, not because it hurt the bull, hut because it amused the crowd. Full Appreciation of AIatbimony.—A Mor mon who has areived in Chicago to take to him self a fifth wife, writes the following note to the Tribune of that city: “On my visit to (Chicago I noticed an. article in the Tribune in regard to Utah. That Speaker Colfax expressed a wish that President Young might have ‘a revelation prohibiting polygamy’ is to me a matter of some doubt. On the con trary, I have reason to know that Speaker Colfax eloquently expressed his gratitude at the domes tic happiness of our community. I am a Mor mon bom and bred, and the husband of tour wives, and what may seem strange, my mission here is one of love, to transport a flower from this sterile (morally) latitude, to bloom and flour ish in our happy home. We have no wish to be admitted into your “Union”—nor do we wish at one fell swoop to be divorced from our wives and families. It seems to me it would be wise to let us .Mormons alone, and devote your moral lec tures to a community where a man or woman can marry and be divorced three times within as many years". Respectfully, “Abraham Wells.” By direction of the War Department, Major General Miles, commanding at Fortress Monroe, lias relieved a prominent officer at that post on the charge of having clandestinely employed quite a number of ex-C6nfederates in the work shops under bis superintendence.