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4 “ERROR CEASES TO BE DANGEROUS WHEN REASON IS LEFT *FREE TO COMBAT IT.”—Jefferson. VOLUME XVIII. ATLANTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, MAY 16,1866. NUMBER 20. tUrrklt) Jntflliflfnffr. PUBLISHED DAILY AND WEEKLY BY JARED I. WHITAKER, Proprietor. JOHN II. STEELE, ..... Editor. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, Wednesday, May 16, 1866. Tuad. Stevens proposes in Congress to ex press our very deep sympathy as a people with the Emperor of Russia. He is a great admirer of Russia, and desires to make a Poland of our Southern States. Having adopted the ideas of the Russian des|>otiHin, he naturally feels an in terest in its head. We notice the foregoing in one ot our ex changes. There is in it more of truth than old T/ituf. himself would probably admit. What ever may be his design, it is evident that his policy would reduce the South in its relations to the government, to a condition as like that which Poland hears to Russia, as it could be made.— .The South would then have a despotism ruling over it. Mr. Stevens’ policy prevailing, we would as soon lie in Poland, as in the late Confederate States. The despotism of Russia would not be more intolerable than the despotism which the extreme radicals anti their policy, would inflict upon ns. But we have no fears that it will ever come to that. Mr. Stevens and his party will surely lie defeated in their schemes. When asked some days ago, says tlie New York /'> ting Express, where he found the au thority to make appropriations for schools, asy lum , and other expenses for the freedmen, this same Mr. Tbad. Stevens replied “in the lam of conquest.'' So, says the Express, Lief ween the laws' of war during war, and the laws of conquest when the war is over, the people of the South are politically as powerless as ever the slaves were upon their plantations, or Indians ate minors. When men make up their minds to do desperate deeds, they tire always ready to find a reason for their violence. Mr. Stevens, at the beginning of the war, laughed to scorn those who stickled about the Constitution, as in Pennsylva nia, years ago, he damned the consciences of those of his own party who offered auy scruples about their conduct in the Legislature. \ New Destroyer of Wheat. <>ur old friemfr Hiram H. Embry, ofJCarroll county, in this State, one of the oldest and best farmers in that county, informed us on yesterday that a new destroyer ot wheat lias made its ap pearance in the wheat fields there in the shape of a small insect, which appears on the blade, va rying from one to four in number, and which is producing sad liavoc. The attention of Mr. Embry was first called to the appearance of this insect and its destructive powers by another old farmer of the same county, Mr. Henry Summer lin. The two together have watched the pro gress of this insect, and what with the present appearance ot the wheat crop in this vicinity, and the destructive powers of the insect itself, have come to the conclusion that great damage will be done to the wheat crop in Carroll if it be not totally destroyed. The insect, Mr. E. states, has never before made its appearance in that county. Farmers would do well to look after .their wheat, ami lyitc the sjxwwww of Uw troublesome insect, its habits, and so forth, and discover, if possible, the source of its origin. Abolition of Military Tribunal*. The National Intelligencer, at Washington City, says the following is the order abolishing military tribunals, as directed by the President: War Dki-artment, Adjutant Gen’l’s Office, I Wasiunuton, May 1, 1866. ( Gi'unral Orders, No. 26. Whereas, some military commanders are em barrassed by doubts as to the operation of the proclamation ot the President, dated the second day of April, 18G6, upon trials by military courts- martial and military offences, to remove such doubts, it is ordered by the President that— Hereafter, whenever offences committed by civilians are to be tried where civil tribunals are in existence which can try them, tlieir cases are not authorized to he, and will not be, brought be fore military courts-martial or commissions, but will be committed to the proper civil authorities. This order is not applicable to camp followers, :ts provided for under the (50th article of war, or to contractors and others specified in section 16, act of July 17, 1862, and sections 1 and 2, act of March 2,1863. Persons and offences cognizable by the rules and articles of war, and by t he acts of Congress above cited, will continue to be tried and punished bv military tribunals, as prescribed by the rules and articles ot war and acts of Con gress. The Cotton Crop In Georela. For several days past, we have been engaged in collecting all the information we possibly could, relative to the prospects of the present growing cotton crop in our State. From all our sources of information, the conclusion lias forced itself upon us, t hat the result of this year’s plant ing will prove to be a most unprofitable one for our farmers. The crop will turn out to be an exceedingly short one, if the half that has been reported to us be true—which is, that most of the seed planted has proved to be imperfect, the plant itself, after its appearance above ground, almost invariably failing to take root and sustain its growth. On very many plantations, there will be entire failure; on others, only partial, some greater, some less. This, with the experi ment of free labor, now being tried in the State, warrants, we think, the conclusion to which we have come, that, the cotton crop of Georgia will be an exceedingly small one. Mr*. JetT. Davis at Portress Monroe. The following telegram to the Associated Press, dated at Fortress Monroe the 4th instant, we copy from a Nashville paper: “Mrs. Jefferson Davis was permitted to have an interview with her husband in the presence of one of the officers of the garrison, at half past eight o’clock yesterday morning. All her bag gage was* moved inside the fort last evening.— Since her arrival she bad made her home at the residence of Dr. Cooper, post surgeon. Mrs. Davis is constantly receiving letters of advice and inquiry from all parts of the country. She has secured the services of Messrs. Charles O’Connor and George Shea, of New York, in whose hands the case of her husband rests.” The Progress of Usurpation. The Nashville Union A American of the 8th iustaut, under the above beading says: It becomes our duty this morning to chronicle the passage, by the Senate yesterday, ot a bill to take the city Governments of Nashville, Mem phis and Chattanooga respective!}-, out of the hands of their people, and vest them in the bauds ot commissioners, appointee! by the Governor. Why it is done, we ltave not the remotest notion. There is not a city in the world of like size that is better governed, or in which offenses and of fenders are more promptly noticed and arrested, than in Nashville. The only assignable reason lor this tyrannous action towards this city is a wanton disregard of jiopular rights, and adisjio- silioti to exercise a |n?Uy despotism over an inof fensive people under color of statutory enact ments. We are ignorant of the merest shadow ot pretext tor tins extraordinary interference with the municipal authorities ot a peaceful and well-ordered city, and can ascribe it alone to passionate partisan malignity. It will pass the House, :is a matter of course, and then we shall see what we shall see. Valparaiso has been ruined upon by the shot and shell of a Spanish squadron, merely because Chili declined to coal Spanish vessels, last year, that were engaged in attacking Peru. Spain de liberately picked a quarrel with that State on no other ground. Presidential Vetoes. It is a remarkable fact that, in the history ot the United States, no instance can lie cited where a Presidential veto—however much at the time it was submitted to Congress it may have been denounced by tiie supporters of the bill, or the measure that was vetoed—lias not been sustained by tlie people, sulisequently too commanding the approval of our greatest statesman. It is singu lar too, that, save in the case of the Civil Rights Bill, no Presidential veto of any proposed meas ure or bill, lias ever yet been over-ridden by that two-thirds vote required by the Constitution for tlie enactment of any law, to which the Presi dent dissents. This new era in the history of national legislation—this radical era, when radi cals and fanatics control the legislation ol the country—witnesses the exercise of a power, dan gerous to the liberties of the people, and which no Congress lias ever before exercised since the formation of the Republic. The veto power set aside for the first time by Congress, is no un important event. It is an event—all the cir cumstances by which tlie act was surrounded ; the recent war; the late return to peace; the time when the present Congressional members were elected; the state of the country—that teaches a mournful lesson ; it tells us that party lues triumphed in the natjpnal legislature over principle—that fa natieixm knows no bounds when' it is no longer under control. But the President lias not been daunted in his determination to carry out his great work ot Southern restoration, and to protect the persons and property ot the people of the South, from any unconstitutional interference with them.— The successful riding over of his veto in the case of the Civil Rights bill, has neither driven him from liis purpose to exercise liis constitutional privileges, whenever lie may deem it necessary and proper, nor has it even intimidated him. Recent information from Washington tells us that he has signified liis intention to veto the Col orado hill, a measure as iniquitous as almost auy other that has been passed through by this radi cal Congress That a territory embracing a pop ulation less, we see it authoritatively stated, than 25,000—its advocates claiming for it only 80,000 who had gone there as adventurers searching for gold, and whose population for two years past has'been decreasing, should be made a State, with influence in the Senate of tlie United States, equal to that of New York, is a most monstrous measure. Every congressional district in the United Statss is required to have a population of at least 120,000, to entitle it to a representative; but this territory of Colorado, with less tlianoue fourth'of this number of inhabitants, must be made a State, be represented in Congress, and have the same representation in tlie Senate that New York lias ! We do hope the President will veto the bill. There is another measure before the present Congress, which, we trust, will be vetoed by the President, if it be ever submitted to him for ap proval. It is that, measure, hill, or provision of a hill, which imposes a tax of live per cent, on cotton. This tax upon farming industry, is par tial, not general, and is therefore unconstitution al. It is an oppressive tux, and an unjust one. Did tlie Southern States grow till the cotton in the world, then our growers of cotton could siaucMhe tax ; DCS competition is great or now in tlie production of cotton than it lias ever been, and will increase rather than diminish, as every possible effort is being made in India and else where in the French and British Possessions, to grow and increase the growth of the staple. It will be “ taxation, ton, without representation,” and we trust the President will so view it. We notice in the Montgomery Mail that Senator Parsons, of Alabama, writing from Washington city on the first instant, to a friend in Montgom ery, says: “I am going over to New York to meet tlie Chamber of Commerce in that city at its annual meeting on Thursday of this week, in the hope that they will unite in a strong re commendation that the proposed live cents tax on cotton be left where it is, viz: two cents per pound. This is heavy enough in all conscience, especially when we take into consideration the impoverished condition of the cotton States.” We fear the Alabama Senator will fail in liis attempt, and that there is no hope to save us from tlie contemplated monstrous extortion, save tlie interposition of a Presidentail veto. Tlie Bonner Gold. Mine*. These mines, situated eight miles Southwest from Carrollton, Georgia, have, at the instance of Dr. Gamble, lately been visited by Judge C. II. Strong, of our city, who furnishes us various memoranda concerning them. On a recent visit to New York, Mr. Strong made the acquaintance of Sir. A. L. R. Hallo- well, of Nevada, a gentleman thoroughly versed in everything that appertains to gold mining, and gave him an outline account of these valua ble mines. Sir. II. was so much struck with tlie description, that lie came to Georgia with Sir. Strong, to make a personal inspection of the property, and lias just returned after a thorough examination. He was so well pleased, that lie has made an agreement to purchase, and will, in a very short, time, put the whole thing in motion. It is not out of place to give a few items in re lation to the vast resources of this valuable pro perty. It embraces within its limits 14174 acres, being seven lots of 2024 acres each. Gold is to tie found in every lot, and two of them possess it in a high degree. An immense ledge or vein of Hint quartz traverses tlie whole width of these two lots for at least If miles, having a breadth of one to two hundred feet; throughout this entire length anil breadth, it is impossible to find a pan ot soil, that docs not possess gold. The ore also is reported to be very rich, though tlie quartz mine has never been operated to any extent. A feeble effort was once made with a shackling old mill, and if the parties who erected it had possess ed the means aud requisite energy, they would, without doubt, have met with the most entire success. The owner of this valuable property lias grown rich from the place. Before the war he owned nearly one hundred slaves, whose labor during crop time he devoted to farming, aud, when the season was over, employed it in liis mines. He is now a man advanced in years, aud under the changed system of labor has concluded now to do, what he has heretofore always steadily refus ed to do, that is, to sell out. His remark was, that his gold was in a good hank, and he knew where to find it as he needed it. Mr. Bonner has operated on these mines'for ten years, with an average of ten hands. With common rockers, washing tlie surface and the deposits on the branches, he is confident that in that time, he lias taken out largely over $100,000 in gold. The quantity of land yet remaining, equally as rihkI as the above, is immense, one may al most say. inexhaustible: the precious metal bc- intr diffused throughout tlie dirt from the top downwards, tlie deposits varying from ten to twenty-five teet. It is “good lor sore eyes ” says our informant, after viewing the devastation made by the war in this country, to take a look at his farm, 500 acres of the finest lands in Georgia, under four teen-rail fences, every fence corner clean, a good wagon way around the whole plantation, 250 acres of wood land also under fence for a pas ture for his cattte, about 300 acres of the finest bottom land, one half of which is in the highest state of cultivation, and has now on it the most favorable prospects lor wheat. Mr. Bonner lias an elegant two story dwelling, line out-buililings, the best bam and stables in the country, and per haps the finestjtpple orchard in the State, con taining over 1,000 trees in till! liearing; lie has also about 2.500 peach-trees and a great variety of other fruit. Besides these, his timbered lands are of the best kind, comprising, in every variety of growth, a nohle forest of pines, large, bodies of oak, hickory, white ash, chestnut, dogwood,black haw, sycamore, elm, buckeye, Ac. There is also on the place a cane brake containing some fifty acres, sufficient for a large number of stock. On every lot there are good springs, anil runnia water in every field; it is emphatically a well watered plantation, and that too of the purest and llest soft, free-stone water. Not a lot on the whole property that does not yield gold of the finest quality, worth at least $20 to the ounce. With proper machinery, it is not unreasonable to say that it will yield mil lions of money. Together with its other advantages, it is very near the railroad, being only t wenty-three miles from Newnan, on the Atlanta and West Point Railroad, over a very fair road. It is lorty-five miles from Atlanta, on the dirt road. The sur vey of the Savannah, Griffin and Alabama Rail road passes tltrough this property; this road is already graded within twelveaniles of the place, and there is a strong probability that work will soon be re-commenced, as it is a highly import ant auxiliary of the great Central Railroad of Georgia, for which reason, as well as others, its completion v ill not long be delayed. It is indeed very gratifying, now that red war is over, that we will again begin to see the great mineral and agricultural resources of Georgia de veloped. There is not a shadow of doubt that our State possesses more of the precious metals Ilian any other East of tlie Rocky Mountains, and has also many rare advantages that cannot be found in those distant regions. Here we are in easy distance of any part of the United States, with abundance of fine timber, and possessing the finest climate on earth. We rejoice to see peace and a resumption of business intercourse; and cordially invite capital to assist us in developing the immense wealth now hidden in our midst, The National Debt. We have been often asked “ wliat is tlie amount of tlie national debt't ” The following state ment prepared and transmitted to Congress by Mr. McCulloch, the Secretary of tlie Treasury, on tlie 2d instant, will answer the querry: DEBT BEARING COIN INTEREST. Hve per cent. Bonds $198,241,100 00 Six percent. Bonds of 1867 and 1868. Six per cent. Bonds,1831 Six per cent. 5-20 Bonds 13,323.591 80 283,744,150 00 685,784,000 00 $1,1S6,092.841 80 DEBT BEARING CURRENCY INTEREST. Six per cent. Bonds Temporary Loan Certificates of Indebtedness One and two-years 5 per cent. Notes. Three-year Compound Interest Notes. Three-year 7-30 Notes $4,634,000 00 131,497,853 62 62,620,000 00 6,036,900 00 167,012,141 00 816,512,650 00 $1,188,313,544 62 Matured Debt not presented for pay ment $877,729 64 DEBT BEARING NO INTEREST. U. S. Notes Fractional Currency^ Gold certificates of Deposit. Total Debt .. Amount in Treasury, coin Amount in Treasury, currency. $415,164,318 00 ; , is spokqi>. HG 2S,l!12;oi7 54 9,036,420 00 $452,392,755 54 .. $2,827,676,871 60 $76,676,407 02 61,310,621 80 $137,9S7,028 82 Amount of debt, less cash in Treasury $2,089,689,842 78 Opening of the U. S. District Court. HON. ,TNO. ERSKINE, PRESIDING. The United States District Court for the South ern District of Georgia was formally opened yes terday, it being the first day of the term. Hon. John Erskine presided. District Attorney Fitch was not in attendance, not having yet arrived from tlie North. The commission of Judge Erskine liavimg been read and the court declared open by the Marshal in due form, tlie Judge announced II. C. Holcombe, Esq., Clerk of the District and Cir cuit courts of the Southern District of Georgia. Frank E. Hesseltine, Esq., made application and was admitted to practice in t he District and Circuit Courts. Judge Wm. Law addressed the court on in quiry as to his admissibility to practice in tlie United States Courts under tlie act of Congress establishing the test oath. The venerable ex- Judge alluded to his having been a member ot the bar of that court for forty-nine years, having been admitted to practice before it in 1817. His Honor replied that with regard to the test oath, the law ot Congress was upon the statute book, and that it was incompetent for him to dis regard or evade it; but as the constitutionality of the law liad been drawn in question by Mr. Law, lie was willing, lo hear the question fully argued, not only by the members of the Southern District but of the Northern also. His Honor further remarked that lie desired that the Gov ernment should be lully represented in the argu ment of the question, anti that as tlie United States District Attorney was not present lie would appoint Thursday next for a hearing of argu ment, provided the case could then be taken up. Quite an imposing array of the representatives of the Georgia liarVas present at the opening ot the court, among them ex-Goveruor Joseph E. Brown, Judges W111. Law, and E. J. Harden; Messrs. Julian Hart ridge, ami Tims. E. Lloyd, Gen. Henry R. Jackson, Maj. Wm. A. Bassiuger, Henry Williams, Berrien Lovell, A. L. Stone, anil F. E. Hesseltine, Esqs. It is gratifying to observe t he cordial manner in which Judge Erskine has been received by our bar and citizens generally, affording, as it does, convincing evidence of the strong desire of our entire community to see civil authority re stored, and the highest tribunal under tlie Con stitution reinstated in the exercise of its judicial functions. We take the foregoing from the Savannah News <£- Herald of the 19th instant. It conveys to us the gratifying intelligence that the highest legal tribunal under the Constitution of tlie Uni ted States has resumed tlie discharge of its func tions in Georgia, and that it is presided over by an eminent jurist and just Judge, a gentleman whom we well know, and who being also well and most favorably known in this city, is also to us anoth er cause for congratulation. His appointment, too, of an old citizen of this place—Mr. H. C. Holcombe—as Clerk of the Southern District of this State, will gratify the numerous old friends of that gentleman, now in this city. Mr. Hol combe has had large experience in similar clerk ly positions, acquitting himselt to tlie entire sat isfaction of all interested in business that come before him. The appointment is an excellent one. We shall look with much interest to tlie pro ceedings before the District Court, connected with the discussion of the question of the constitu tionality of the “ test oath,” prescribed for attor neys who shall practice before it. The profound legal ability ot the venerable gentleman—Judge Law—who has raised the question before it, will impart to those proceedings unusual interest.— The compeer of Georgia’s most eminent jurist, Judge Berrien; his co-partner and rival in the profession for many long years; Judge Law sur vives, still recognized as one foremost among the most eminent of the legal profession in our State. Age has not paralyzed his intellect, nor has it impaired his eloquence. The United States Dis trict Attorney, whatever may be his legal ability, will find in Judge Law an antagonist he would rarely encounter, were he to attend in his pre sent official capacity, every District Court, from Maine to Texas. From tbq Southern Presbyterian. Light In Barknrns. BT J. R. IARRICK. The prison steals a sieam of light From heaven’s uiujioudt'ii scroll; A smile dispels the darkest frown, A tear-drop melts Ifae soul; The blight of years ipay in our path Its withered roses ftrew, As mafiy more with Spring wUI bloom. And glittered in tlvdcw. The cloud that drapes the sky to-ilav. To-morrow turns to light; The sunfhiue of the radiant dawn, Is from a vanished night; What if the cold, cold world reprove? Unmurmuring boa. its blame. Since life, aud hope, And happiness. Are still to thee the same. As play-things let ns dally with The foibles of onrrace. Nor seek in each unseemly act. Some covert deed to trace; What profits it to er*n and carl At every trifling iii ? The meanest of our jrother’uood. Is but a brother st.ll. Than with a cold, a stern disdain Another's faults reprove; Far better seek to ton him back With unrequited lhve. Could we but read each other s hearts. Each other’s hope- and fears. Than seek to add another care. Our own would uwtit to tears. ‘ Tis God-like to susiain the weak— The erring to forgiiy'— The weary in his todAo cheer— The wayward teas?; to live; A tender word, a lo#n» smile, May be uucousciolLgiven, Yet fall upon th&gg|f)prng heart . As sunshine heaven ! Soefeujfoi Chile. A writer iu a rec Vjjfjiutuber of Macmillan's Magazine, gives the ■ big account of Society in Chile, a country whiiA* is at present attracting an uuuswi^f txare of puliic attention. He says: Education is makiugiprogress in Chile, under the fostering care of aft enlightened government. The population of the country is about one mil lion five hundred Jhjngmd, and the attendance at all schools, publlc ano private, is about 50,000. A much larger number ail persons can read, how ever, than one would iir sgine from these figures. We presume the average period of attendance at school is very short, which makes the quantum of education, such as it is, suffice for a much larger number of inhabitants 1$iaa it. ought to do. It is noteworthy that the Roman Catholic clergy do al most nothing in the-w^y of promoting educa tional efforts. Indeed, where there is the faintest odor of heresy about the educational exertions of foreigners, a note of warning is instantly and loudly sounded by the- church ; but as, in the English and German academies in tlie larger towns, a better education is provided than can be obtained elsewhere, these warnings are not greatly heeded by intelligent parents. The better class in Chile are tolerably well edu cated. Iu Santiago tlfeSs is a respectable univer sity, an institute or higbfcjhool, and a theological seminary—the last Inaiig in the hands of the Jesuits or U1 tramontane), and designed to pre pare a priesthood for tlje service of the national church. It is but poorly attended, and through out tlie country tlie altar is in a great measure served by Spanish, French, Italian, anil Irish priests. The university is chiefly devoted to the study of law and medicine. A high classical or mathematical curriculum is not insisted on, nor, we apprehend, is it obtainable. The rector of the university, Don AndefsBello, is a fine old men, new nearly ninety years of age, a scholar of some eminence, a poc-foand ouee an able diplo matist. Venezuelan P>V birth, he followed his celebrated countrynmn Bolivar, and during the wars of the Indepen9i?pce, resided in Europe, as secretary to the repre-^ntatives of some of the rebellious Provinces, then embryo Republics. He has lived to see the honorable labors of Iris ardent youth largely repaid in the advancing civilization of the majority of the < South American States. “Bello’s Conimentapr^i Public Law” is known aud appreciated,the Spanish language wnmar is also an ad mirable text book. Amongst the women of Chile education is not so well attended to, nor so widely disseminated as amongst the men. In the art of writing, the fair sex is particularly deficient, the epistles of a Chilean lady, as compared with the notes of an accomplished Englishwoman, being like the pro ductions of a country servant girl. There is, however, no lack of polish and refinement of man ners amongst the better families in the Chilean capital. Music is very generally studied, and many of the young ladies render tlie operas of Verdi and Bellini with a power and skill rarely found in unprofessional circles. The Chileans are frank, accessible, courteous and hospitable. The unaffected kindness which one meets with, especially at their estates or haciendas, makes a lasting and most favorable impression. In the cities, there is perhaps, less outward expression of hospitality. A foreigner is very rarely invited to dine, and is seldom asked to stay at bis friend’s house in the city, but in the country it is entirely different. Every thing is there placed at the guest’s disposal, and his comfort is studied in every possible way—all with the most hearty ancl sincere good will. In the cities, the evening is devoted to visiting. Unless one is on terms of very great intimacy, a visit during the day is as unacceptable as it w'ould be unlooked for. * The evening tertulia, with its pleasant gossip, is an agreeable recreation. Tbe round tea table is an iustituton in Chile, and English folks on visiting terms at native house are not reduced to syrups or eau sucre." The English National Debt.—In the House of Commons, Mr. J. Stuart Mill recently made a short speech, which appears to have created some stir in England, lie urged the necessity of doing something for the national debt, and contended tliat the condition of Great Britain would not justify the present generation in leav ing the whole burden for posterity. Reminding his hearers that the population of Great Britain depends for subsistence on her ability to supply the wants of other countries from her material resources, lie took up the question as to he sup ply of coal and declared that the exhaustion of the deposits was a question not of centuries, but of generations. He said : If the present rate of eonsuption of coal continues, three generations at the most, or very possibly a considerably snorter period, will leave no workable coal near®- to the surface than 4J)00 feet in depth ; and that the expense of rais ing it from that, depth wifi entirely, put it out of the power ol the country to compete in manu factures with the richer coal fields of other coun tries.” Mr. Mill argued that several millions a year could now be set aside well enough for the re duction of the debt, and that if, instead of this being done, taxes should be remitted merely that tlie money might be used iu some other way, it would be a criminal dereliction of duty.—New York Express. A Radical Attack on General Grant.— The Chicago Republican, edited by a man named Dana, who received his newspaper training and political education in the office of the New York Tribune, and who was recently an unsuccessful applicant for the Collectorship at New York, has opened its batteries upon Genral Grant, most probably because lip is the friend -of tlie President, anil just-mindeil and humane in the treatment of Southern men whom lie paroled at the close of tlie war. His recommendation for the release of C. C. Clay from imprisonment, liis action in the case of Gurley, McCann, and others, who have been made the objects of local persecution, are too much for the nerves of this “ loyal” saint. He takes up his pen and produces an article headed, “Grant as a Thief and Murderer.” He couples his name with that of the Philadelphia butcher, and marshals him before liis readers as tlie fit companion and peer of tlie fiendish murderer of the Deering family. We quote the subjoined paragraph as indicating the bitter malignancy with which not only Grant, but Sherman, Sheridan, Thomas and others, are assailed by this friend of Stevens, Sumner and the rest of the “Directory.” It is still more singular that this man was hounding on the war, through all its stages, and was even at one time Assistant Secretary of War, and order ing and directing these movements anil alleg ed murders, which lie now classes with those recently perpetrated in cold blood at Philadel phia. This is his language; “Probst wanted the $3000 and the boots: Grant wanted Richmond: the Deering family stood in the way of the money, and the Rebel army in the way of Richmond. Probst murder ed all the persons who could prevent bis theft : Grant did the same. Probst did no more than Grant, but, as to the atrocity of his act, was fully equal to him; Grant’s motive was as crimi nal as that of Probst, and to accomplish his success he murdered more people,” &e. * * * “To the extent that Grant is a thief and a mur derer, whose deeds can be classed only in the same grade with the atrocious slaughter of the Deering family, so also must be classed the acts of Sherman, 'Sheridan, Thomas, and their as sociates, rank and file.” Proceedings in the Senate. THE BURNING OF COLUMBIA, S. C.—LETTER FROM WADE HAMPTON. Mr. Johnson read the following letter from General Wade Hampton, on the burning of Co lumbia, South Carolina: Wild Woods, Miss., April 21,1866. To Hon. Reverdy Johnson, United States Senate: Sir—A few days ago f saw in the published proceeding of Congress that a petition from Ben- jarfrin Kawles, of Columbia, South Carolina, ask ing lor compensation for the destruction of his house by the Federal army in February, 18C5, had been presented to the Senate, accompanied by a letter from Major General Sherman. In this letter General Sherman uses thefollow- ing language: “The citizens of Columbia set fire to thousands of bales of cotton, rolled out into the streets, and which were burning before we entered Columbia. I, myself, was iu the city as early as 9 o’clock, and I saw these tires, and knew that efforts were made to extinguish them, but a high and strong wind kept them alive. 1 gave no orders for the burning of your city, but, on the contrary, the conflagration resulted from the great imprudence of cutting the cotton bales, whereby tlie contents were spread to the wind, so that it became an impossibility to arrest the fire. I saw in your Columbia newspapers the print ed order of General Waile Hampton, that on the approach of the Yankee army all the cotton should thus be burned, and from what I saw, myself, 1 have no hesitation in saying that he was tlie cause of the destruction of your city.” This same charge, made against me by Gen eral Sherman, having been brought before the Senate of the United States, I am naturally most solicitous to vindicate myself before tbe same tri bunal. But uiy State has no representative in that body. Those who should be her constitu tional representatives and exponents there are debarred the right of entrance into those halls.— There are none who have the right to speak for the South, none to participate in the legislation wliicb governs her, none to impose the taxes she is called upon to pay, and none to vindicate her sons from misrepresentation, injustice or slander. Under these circumstances, I appeal to you, in the confident hope that you will use every effort to see that justice is done in this matter. I deny, emphatically, that any cotton was fired in Columbia by my order. I deny that the citizens “set fire to thousands of bales rolled out into the streets.” I deny that any cotton was on fire when the Federal troops entered the city. I most respectfully ask of Congress to appoint a committee, charged with the duty of ascertain ing and reporting all the lacts connected with the destruction of Columbia, and thus fix upon the proper author of that enormous crime the infamy he richly deserves. I am willing to submit the case to any honest tribunal. Before any sucli I pledge myself to prove that I gave a positive order, by direction ot General Beauregard, that no cotton should be fired ; that not one bale was on fire when Gene ral Sherman’s troops took possession of the city; that he promised protection to the city, and that in spite of his solemn promise he burned the city to the ground, deliberately’, systematically and atrociously. I therefore most earnestly request that Congress may take prompt and efficient measures to in vestigate tiiis matter fully. Not only is this due to themselves and to reputation of the United States army, but also to justice and truth. Trusting that you will pardon me for troub- bling you, I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, . Wade Hampton. Mr. Sherman said he could not allow this charge of this most impudent rebel against the whote army, to be entered upon the records with out some answer. The charge of General Sher man in relation to the burning ot Columbia, was in an official report and was fully sustained by reports of other officers. General Sherman did not charge that Wade Hampton gave an explicit order on the subject; but simply that his previ ous order in relation to the burning of cotton, &c., led to that result. Mr. Sherman read from various official reports to confirm tbe charge against Gen. Hampton. 3Ir. Fessenden objected to tlie practice of talc ing up the time of the Senate in reading letters ad dressed not to tlie Senate, but. to individual Sena tors, and especially on matters pertaining to pri vate controversies, between persons not members of tlie Senate. Mr. Johnson moved the reference of General Hampton’s letter to the Committee on Military Affairs, or he was willing to have it laid on the table. Mr. Fessenden hoped it would not be referred or ordered to lie on the table, but that tlie Senate would refuse to receive it. Mr. Conness said that a man w’ho would at tempt to destroy the Government of the United States would certainly not hesitate to bnrn a city. He hoped the letter of Wade Hampton would not be received or considered at all by the Senate. Mr. Johnson then withdrew the letter of Gen. Hampton. Tlie Speakers in Congress. The Washington correspondent of the Boston Post says: After listening to the debates on the Civil Rights bill I confess I was disappointed, and the more I saw and beard ot the men who control the legislation of Congress, the more I became disgusted. Trumbull, of Illinois, the champion of the radicals against the veto, made what, in any other place, would be termed a harangue.— His voice is badly cracked and pitched in a high key, which finally became painfully hoarse, and showed signs of breaking down. He is earnest, but not graceful. Ben. Wade and Jim Lane ranted, screamed aud bellowed like two mad bulls, and raved like two hyenas. Doolittle ap peared somewhat like Webster, and commenced very gracefully, interesting and commanding all eyes and ears, but unfortunately he drops down to a common-place style,aud becomes wearisome. Reverdy Joliuson commences in about the same style as Doolittle ends, but Reverdy Johnson wiirms up as he proceeds and gradually works himself and liis audience to a high pitch of ex citement, and liis style becomes highly ornate, his language limpid, easy, flowing, charms and fascinates you until, like the lamented Douglas, you are enchanted by the “littlegiant.” Cowan, of Pennsylvania, tlie real giant of tlie Senate, has a voice like a church organ, and although awkward he rivets your attention and uses very strong and original illustrations to make his “points,” and hits the nail on the head, as the saying is. He could be heard and seen in a crowd of a hundred thousand on Boston Common and would be listened to attentively. His style is pe culiar, being a compound of logic and classical rhetoric, with a rather dogmatic manner. Sherman, of Ohio, speaks well. Guthrie and Davis are botli able and earnest debaters. Stew art, of Nevada, bids fair for a leader. Harris and Morgan, of New York, create no sensation in debate. Wilson and Sumner, you know all about. Tlie latter has certainly a very egotisti cal, foppish, conceited way of attracting the at tention of the galleries, as if he was a play-actor on the theatrical stage, but liis “ tricks” are too apparent. As to tlie House of Representatives, Thad. Stevens is about the only conspicuous man, the rest of liis party being mere rank and file. Jack Rogers, of New Jersey, however, makes as much noise as anybody, anil is always ready to pitch in and have a free fight with Ste vens or any other radical. He and Stevens are the very opposite of each other in everything. Stevens is an old, laine, demure man, with a great brown wig and irascible temper. Jack Rogers is a gay, handsome, jolly, jet black haired youth, of perhaps twenty-five or thirty, rather fast in his habits, and ultra in his politics, it is said. The expulsion of Stockton, of New Jer sey, from the Senate, and Brooks, of New Y'ork, from the House, show that party spirit amounts to injustice sometimes, although a large number of the Republicans show by tlieir votes that they had not lost all reason. Tbe hotels in Washington are abominable, dirty and filthy. If one-half tbe money yearly expended iu the lobby of the capitol was ex pended in building a good hotel there, it might do some good. Charles Herty, an estimable young man of this city, says tbe Milledgeville Federal Union, aged 17 years, was drowned in tbe river opposite the city, on Saturday afternoon last, while fish ing. The boat upset with himself and another young man. His body was recovered on Sun day morning. This is a most distressing occur rence. Our whole community deeply sympa thise with the afflicted family of the deceased. Execntlon of a murderer. He Barricades His Cell and Shows Fight—He is Overcome With Copious Doses of Chloroform, then Taken Out and Hanged. The Cleveland Herald's reporter says: Tlie third execution tiiat ever took place in Portage county, and the first in twenty-six years, occur red yesterday, April 27, at Ravenna, within the county jail. Samuel Wittum, alias Jack Cooper, alias William Moore, alias Samuel Clarke, alias William White, suffered the extreme penalty of tlie fow, for the murder of John Rliodeubaugh, in October last. Since liis confinement iu jail Cooper lias made three attempts to gain liis lib erty. During his confinement no less than five knives have been taken from him. On Monday last a razor and a bottle of chloroform were found in his possession. After a desperate attempt made by Cooper to break jail on Sunday night he remained remark ably quiet; and it was thought by those who had watched him tlie closest and knew liis dis position the best, that there was something wicked brewing. Close observation of bis move ments convinced Sheriff Jennings that another attempt at rescue would be made, and he con cluded to place him in irons. By some means, probably through some of tlie prisoners, Cooper became aware ot the intentions of the sheriff.— It was decided to put tlie irons on him on Wednesday. During the day he went into his cell and barricaded himself within it. He tore up his bunk and placed tlie pieces against tlie door. When the sheriff came to shackle him he swore no one should enter the cell, and that the irons should never go on his limbs while he was alive. He was perfectly wild with excitement. His eyes glistened through the barred door like those ot an infuriated tiger. He raved and tore around his cell like a madman, cursing and swearing in the most blasphemous manner. The sheriff found that it would be impossible to confine him without considerable assistance. He therefore called in several prominent men of the town, to consult as to the best course to be pursued.— Among them was Dr. D. B. Jennings, who pro posed that chloroform should be used to subdue the enraged murderer. It was at first objected to by some, but Doctors Keyes and Graham being consulted, it was de cided that that was the only means of accom plishing' the desired end. Two large syringes were procured that would each hold about one pound of the subtle fluid. The syringes were tilled with the chloroform, a bed-quilt procured to place over the grating of the cell door, and, after everything was prepared, the contents of the syringes were discharged in the cell, and luckily struck Cooper lull in the face. He was somewhat taken aback by this novel procedure, and told them to come on with tlieir doctor’s stuffy but they would never subdue him in that manner. A second discharge of the chloroform laden syringes, however, did the work. In little less than four minutes from tlie time of the first injection of the chloroform, the raging man was quiet, and sank down on the floor, per fectly helpless. The sheriff and liis assistants took him out into the corridor of tlie jail, where the manacles were placed on his legs anil arms. In about fifteen minutes lie revived, but the deed was done, and he was unable to do further harm. As soon as lie became able to speak and move, lie raised his manacled head and said, with a wicked oath, “Gentlemen, you showed a good deal of wit, but you are a set of cowards.” This took place on Wednesday. In the process of injecting the chloroform into the cell, a portion of tlie liuiil struck him in the eyes, and other portions went into his bosom, blistering liis body considerably. THE EXECUTION. At ten minutes to 1 o’clock the court house bell was rung, as a signal that those who had re ceived tickets could cuter to witness tlie execu tion. Between eighty and one hundred persons John Van Bnreu on the Crisis. At a late meeting in New York City to sustain tlie President, John Van Bnren was present and delivered a speech, from which we make the fol lowing characteristic extracts: He assured his auditors that the States lately in rebellion would vote at the next Presidential election, and that tlie votes then given would be counted, let it eoiue on to-morrow, or on any other occasion. [Cheers.] There was some op position to the sentiment the President bail pro nounced in relation to liis prophesied assassina tion; aud the opposition party liad used his words in that connection to his detriment. Now', what, the President meant, in his opinion, was, that there was a large, ignorant portion of the people (negroes) who'might be incited to such a deed. To'these the President referred. There were those w’ho might incite the negroes to com mit violence against him. It was to a black Bru tus that the men looked for deliverance. [Sensa tion.] Mr. Van Bureu then went on to say that no Democratic President had ever died in office ; and taking counsel from the past, lie might say that none ever would. [Applause.] Iu 1868 he said the Southern States would have a vote in the Presidential election, and lie might prophesy that Andrew Johnson would then he re-elected President of the United States. [Lond applause.] On tlie 4th of March, 1809, he would be the President, and then the votes given for any individual tor the Presidency would be counted, aud the individual who re ceived the constitutional majority of those votes W’onld be pronounced elected, lie (Mr. V. B.) did not apprehend any revolutionary disturbance in this regard. There was, in liis opinion, no cause for alarm. Andrew Johnson being Presi- dent and commander-in-chief of the army and navy of thfl United States, w’onld be able to en force the law; aud as to the leaders of the oppo sition, one of whom had escaped out of a back window when accused of criminal offense, and the other who went over lo Europe whining about being whipped, lie thought there was no danger. * * * * * •* * For five years past flic people of eleven States liatl been unrepresented in tbe Congress of the United States; now it was tiie duty of the Pres ident of the United States to invite these repre sentatives to a local representation, and to do this it was necessary to make a reform in the Cabinet. [Cheers.] As for those members who differed from the policy of the President, he thought it would be the dictate of reason for them to repeat their offer of resignation, made when President Lincoln was unfortunately taken away, [cheers,] that, like Uncle Toby’s dog, should walk into the street without being kicked. [Ap plause.] Severe but Ju*t. Tlie Richmond Times is responsible for the following: “Tlie editor of tlie National Intelli gencer is greatly to be envied. He lias a com plete file of the Washington Chronicle, in tlie columns of which the ‘dead diilapper’ has been turning summersaults once a week for live years. During the last half decade Forney lias daubed with praise and bespattered with mud every prominent politician and leading measure. With this terrible record of bis innumerable aposta- cies at his elbow, the editor of tlie Intelligencer is enabled to impale the ‘dead duck’ at least three times a week. If lie quacks forth liis abuse of any distinguished personage, it is simply neces sary to turn to the Chronicle to find the most ful some and sycophantic flattery of that very per son by Forney. If lie denounces any public measure, straightway the Intelligencer re-pro duces front the editorial colunis of the Chronicle the most violent advocacy of that very measure. “Providence having wisely provided every ani mal with an epidermis sufficiently thick to pro- were admitted. The prisoner was then prepared I tcct its owner, Forney is, of course, protected for the scaffold. Cooper had a few minutes’ con- like a crockoilile, with a skin of uncommon Dr. George Fort, formerly a citizen of Mil ledgeville, died in Macon on Friday morning last. His remains were carried to Milledgeville and interred in the family burying ground on Saturday last. eonvei-satiou with the Rev. Mr. Hall, and joined in a prayer at the foot ol' the gallows. Just pre vious to this he had expressed a desire to inspect the scaffold, which w as granted, and he mount ed the steps to the platform, and examined the traps, rope and other accessories of tlie fatal drop. At 1 o’clock he came upon the scaffold for the last time, accompanied by the sheriff’and his as sistants. lie bail a cigar in his mouth, and on reaching the platform he was seated in a chair. Sheriff Jennings then stepped forward and read tlie warrant for execution. He asked him if lie had anything to say, and lie answered that lie bad. Then followed one of the most incoherent, rambling and maudlin speeches tliat ever was listened to. It was impossible to report it, and even if reported would be read with no satisfac tion. He wandered and rambled through a jum ble of words in tlie most sickening manner for twenty minutes, at the end of which time lie was told that his hour bail come. The Rev. Mr. Hall and the prisoner knelt up on the platform, and a prayer was said, during w’liieli tlie minister was repeatedly interrupted by Cooper. At tlie conclusion of tlie prayer his legs and arms were pinioned, and the rope was about to lie put around his neck, when he seized it, and after a few incoherent words lie placed it over liis own head. 1 le asked the sheriff’ how long he bail to live. “ Only one minute.” He then said, “ Let me die—knock it out.” At these words the spring was touched, tlie trap opened, and the spirit of one of the most desperate men was sent before the Great Judge. His neck was instantly broken, and he did not move a muscle after reaching the end of the rope. At the end of twenty minutes he was pronounced dead by the surgeons, and liis body was taken down. The Imperial Prince. The Paris correspondent of the Loudon Star says: The last number of the Enenement is most in teresting ; it contains the foe simile of a very spirited sketch by tlie young Prince Imperial, as well as a description of his suite of rooms at the Tuileries and an account of the manner in which liis time is spent. His tiny library is described as containing a pair of globes and a collection of classic books, well thumbed, the bindings con siderably the worse lor wear, and not altogether innocent of ink stains. Tlie Prince’s school room table bears unmistakable marks of a pen knife, and is scratched over after tlie most ortho dox schoolboy fashion. His inkstand is of the commonest depth. A paper weight, surmounted by an equestrian figure of tiie lirst Emperor, of a single block of ivory, and busts of the present Emperor aud Empress, likewise in ivory, are tlie only ornaments of this very plebeian study. T\Vo chairs are all it contains—tliat of the tutor is in good condition ; tlie second, which is raised, has its straw' bottom considerably dam aged, the bars worn, and it is altogether anything but imperial in its appearance. Some shelves of the library are filled by English books, which the Prince reads in preference to any others. The bedroom has been lately re-lurnislied, the walls are capitonee with blue satin, and the ceiling painted in oils. Tlie bed is a curious specimen of modern marqueterie. A picture given by the late Duke of Moray, of w'liicli the subject is “Religion protecting Childhood,” occupies the above. A large branch of box is pinned against the satin, and several small crosses and medals are suspended beneath this relic. Avery 1 beauti ful copy of a Byzantine chapel, containing a crucifix stands on a chest of draw ers, and a pic ture of General Fleury’s children is hung oppo site the bed. Miss Shaw, the English nurse who has had the care of the young Prince Imperial since liis birth, still occupies a dressing room next his sleeping apartment, and has tlie charge of liis wardrobe, superintends his dressing, and watches over liis health. She is devotedly attached to “Monseign eur,” of whom she has just reason to he proud, and her young charge warmly returns her devo tion to him. In the play room are an extensive collection of drums, guns, theaters, whole regi ments, a magic lantern, two cannon brought from China, a hobby horse, and every variety of ball, top, etc. The Prince is extremely intelli gent: liistmy and cosmography are liis favorite studies. 31. Monnier related an instance of liis quick ness of comprehension which is worth recording. M. 3Ionnier had read to him the legend of Cad mus, tlie Phoenician founder of the city in Bcetia, who destroyed the dragon guardian of a fountain, and raised an army of warriors by sowing the monster’s teeth, which army destroyed itself.— Tlie Prince listened to the legend, and at once said: “Cadmus is civilization. The dragon is barbarism, impeding all access to tlie fountain— that is enlightement. The triumph of Cadmus is that of civilization. The army of soldiers de stroying each other iu civil war is tlie agitation of factious spirits whom no government can banish in a country.” _ Mrs. Palmer, of Cincinnati, lias sued her husband for $10,000 damages for putting her in a mad-house. She is evidently mad. thickness. Occasionally, -however, the harpoon of the Intelligencer is driven so very deep tliat he rises to the surface and ‘spouts blood.’ “For months past the ‘dead duck’ lias clamor ed for the trial, conviction aud execution of 3rr. Jefferson Davis. Tlie desire of Forney for the death of Mr. Davis dates, it is said, from the re furnishing of the illustrious prisoner’s wardrobe last winter, as tlie wearing apparel of the victim is always tlie perquisite of the hangsman, and no species of plunder comes amiss w ith Forney. In the midst of his hoarse, red-mouthed yells for the blood of 3Ir. Davis, the Intelligencer repro duced an editorial of Forney’s highly eulogistic of Mr. Davis, which article was written after the first battle of Bull Run. This center shot was more than even the ‘dead didapper’ could stand, and his efforts to wriggle out of the difficulty are intensely funny. His admiration for the lute President of tlie Confederate States was attribut able, no doubt, to the proximity of the Confede rate forces to Washington. Had the fortunes of w’ar placed the Federal capital in the hands ot tlie Contederates, everybody knows perfectly well that in ten minutes alter the fall of the city For ney would have crawled to tlie White House and humbly sought the post of organ grinder to the very man for whose blood he is now so clamor ous. If published in Salt Lake City the Chronicle. would advocate polygamy, and if in the Fejee Islands it would stoutly recommend cannibalism* Secretary Cliasc’s Son-in-I.aiv. The Washington correspondent of tlie Com mercial thus speaks of the son-in-law of Secre tary Chase. He says: MR. SPRAGUE, OF RHODE ISLAND. That overruling Providence, without whose volition even a sparrow can not fall to the ground, may have liad a beneficent and wise purpose in view in sending the Hon. William Sprague (“Little Spragucy” they call him in the reporter’s gallery, and when he rises to orate they say lie “speaks his little piocey”) to the Senate. It is more easy, however, to account by natural causes for the fall of a sparrow than for the election of Sprague. A brick or a shotgun will produce the former result, by tbe operation of the laws of gravitation, and Providence doesn’t so much will the decease of the poor bird as to refuse to suspend the laws of nature in response to which the feathered tribe yield to the pres sure of a bricli or the force of a buckshot. In the case ot Sprague’s election, the object so far must be a matter of faith, which is, we arc reliably in formed, tlie evidence ot things not seen and the substance of things hoped for. 3Ir. Sprague is the youngest man in the Senate, and tbe smallest in physical, as well mental, sta ture. There is a boyish look anil air about him, and lie is, withal, a handsome man, the cynosure of female eyes, and the focus object of innumer able opera-glasses. He looks good-liumoredly at the world through a pair ot glasses which give him the appearance of a college student, or an inspiring curate in the penultimate stage of his divinity course. He seldom addresses the Senate, and then invariably from carefully pre pared manuscript, and not unfrequently in such a stumbling and hesitating manner as to cause his auditors to wonder that he isi not more fami liar witli Chief-justice Chase’s handwriting, which, it is proper to remark, is veiy hard to de cipher. This distinguished Senator from Rhode Island made an announcement the other day that may be said to have put the political world on tip-toe of expectancy. He proclaimed himselt in favor of “manhood suffrage” in tlie District of Columbia, and said that, when a bill having this purpose in view was introduced, lie would demonstrate that, by conferring tiie right of suffrage upon tbe col ored population here, Congress would go far to ward solving the problem of reconstruction. So, after all, perhaps tbe mission of Spargne will not be much longer involved in that obscur- rity which befogs it now. It may be that he is the modem tEdipus, to whom is intrusted the solution of the worse than Sphinx riddle which has so long perplexed the Committee of Fifteen. He has promised to “demonstrate” the whole problem. Let him do it, by aj! means, and that speedily, and a grateful and reconstructed nation will rise with one accord, and from the rock- ribbed coast of 3Iaine to the golden sand of Ca lifornia, and from tlie frozen lakes of the North to the snake-infested swamps of tiie South, the welkin will ring with: “All hail to Spragucy, the great demonstrator 1 ” The Albany, Georgia, Patriot learns that while the colored population were holding a meeting in that city sometime since, for tbe purpose of taking up a collection for charitable purposes, there arose a dispute between the “ breilren,” which finally come lo blows. It seems that one fellow, after contributing his little mite, conclu ded tliat lie could put his money to a better use, and remarked: “ Bredren, dat money I trow in the bat while ago I wants back, for I ain’t gwine to work hard iu de hot sun and gib it to sich lazy niggers as you are.” To this the “bredren” became offended, and told him that he could not get his money back, when a general row an- sued.”