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‘ERROR CEASES TO BE DANGEROUS WHEN REASON IS LEFT FREE TO COMBAT IT.”—Jefferson.
VOLUME XVIII.
ATLANTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 15,18(50.
NUMBER 32.
Itfrchli) Jutcllifleuctr.
I'OBUSIIKI) DAILY AND WEEKLY BY
JARED IRWIN WHITAKER,
Proprietor.
ATLANTA, GEORGIA
Wednesday,'August IB, I860.
Mr. Stephen* ot Georgia.
In a recent number of the New Orleans Times,
tlie following references are made to the great
Georgia statesman :
“That he is desirous of their (the people of
Georgia) approbation, there cau lie no doubt, but
we know oi no public man, in the United States,
who is less ambitious of the distinctions of office
for the sake of those distinctions. Few trusted
n.en, in our day, have so single an eye to the
good of their country, for their country’s sake.
* Few, in the midst of temptations, are so truthful
■ —so inflexibly honest; few so indomitable in the
• «^vocacy of sound principles; few regard, with
less respect, the petty desigus of party roaneu-
verers. What was once said of an immortal
Athenian, may, with equal appositeness be said
of him : “ It would. be an easy to torn the sun from
hut poth in the ftnnomerit, unto turn Aristidesfroin
tin poth of justin'." “His word,” said a distin
guished Speaker of the House of Representa
tives, when Mr. Stephens was unquestionably the
most influential member of that body, “the word
of Alexander II. Stephens (and lie was always,
except when engaged in the advocacy of some
public measure of importance, a man of few
words, and those to the point) is his bond."
“ Would you be willing,” said a confidential
friend to him, some years previous to our recent
troubles, when the attention of the whole coun
try was admiringly turned to him, “would you
be willing, sir, to accept, if tendered to you, the
appointment of Minister Plenipotentiary to some
foreign court?” "No, sir, I would not be willing
to accept any such post. I am ambitious of no
such distinction.” "What do you say, then, to
the Vice Presidency, were the people to elect and
call you to that high.position ?” “I would never
be a candidate for the place, sir.” “Well, then,
would you rciusc the Presidency of the Union,
sir, were you railed to it by the unanimous voice
of the American people ?” “ Nothing would
tempt me, sir," responded Mr. Stephens, “under
any circumstances, to accept either of the posi
tions you have named. 1 am quite satisfied with
that which I now occupy, as a representative in
Congress, from the State of Georgia, and desire
no greater honor.”
This record made by the Timex of Mk. Ste
phens is complimentary, hut what is more, it is
just. It is, indeed, a fair illustration of one of
Gw .rgia’s noblest sons—one whom the people ot
the State delight to honor, and in whom theyre-
pcse every confidence. The same paper says
truly that if Mr. Stephens is present at the
Philadelphia Convention, whether or not clothed
with the functions of a member of that body,
“ his influence will be nearly equally felt, wheth
er lu* actively participates in its proceedings, or
otherwise, llis very presence, his views being
known in advance, will carry a certain weight
with it. But should lie act as one of the dele
gates, the Convention will have the benefit of his
eloquence, which is always irresistible.”
Mr. Stephens, we take pleasure in assuring
the Timcn, will attend the Convention as a dele
gate from the State at large, in accordance with
the universal wish of the people of Georgia, who
favor that movement; and we may add, we think,
w ithout fear of contradiction, that those who do
not favor, or who have not favored it, are equally
well satisfied with his nomination as a delegate,
save the few radicals that dwell in different sec
tions ot the State “ encumbering the ground.”
Governor Brownlow refused to obey the
requisition of Governor Jenkins for a Federal
officer in Nashville, charged with stealing cotton
in this State ; on the plea that, “ all that is ne-
ecsary to hang a Federal officer, or soldier is to
get him before a Georgia jury, charged with an
offense.”
The foregoing, wo dip from the Macon Jour
nal <f: Messenger- Governor Brownlow uttered
an untruth, when he replied iu the language he
did, to Governor Jenkins’ demand. lie did so
knotting it was a falsehood, and a base slander
upon Georgia when lie penned his refusal to a
demand recognized by every other Governor in
the United States ns authorized by the Constitu
tion ; and he did so, doubtless, with intent to in
sult Governor Jenkins’ forgetting that the day
has long passed by when he could insult auy-
bodv.
Tile Election In Kentucky.
The Louisville Courier, of Tuesday last, an-
nounces “ Kentucky redeemed, regenerated,
and disenthralled,” by the election of the day
previous. Every ward in Louisville gave a ma
jority for Duvall and Hardin, the Democratic
candidates. “ Never in the history ot Louisville,”
says that paper, “and seldom in (lie history of
any other city, has such au event occurred.” It
claims that “ Louisville has shaken the dust of
radicalism from her feet, not only in the aggre
gate, but in the detail.” So far as heard from,
Duvall’s majorities exceed eight thousand.
Death or an Old Citizen of Savannah.
The Savannah News it 1It raid oi Wednesday
last, announces the death ot General John W.
Rabun, which occurred at his residence in that
city Tuesday morning. The deceased was one
of its oldest and most highly esteemed citizens,
having been for many years a prominent mer
chant . lie was extensively known throughout the
State, and few of his eotenq>oraries enjoyed in
a larger degree the confidence and respect ot his
fellow-citizens. We believe lu* was a native of j
Washington county.
The Jinr Railroad In North Georgia.
Editor Intelligencer—Since internal improve-
j ments involve considerations interesting to every
i one, I will Ik- pleased, if you have space in your
paper, to say a few words to its readers concern
ing the route of the new railroad under discus-
sioD in North Georgia.
There are three points to be considered in
planning a railroad. These points are of vital
importance, and are necessarily the first that the
intelligent engineer takes into examination. The
route must, in the first place, lie as direct as cir
cumstances will permit. It is usual then, at first,
to draw a straight line connecting the termini
of the road. This is the best route in theory,
but we rarely find it practicable. The topogra
phy of the country by itself is generally sufficient
to prevent the exact application of theory in
practice; but other and stronger objections offer,
founded on pecuniary considerations and the ob
ject of the road. Having in view the two-fold
object of conducing to the welfare of the com
munity by giving impetus to labor and general
improvement, and the great ultimatum ot beiug
self-sustaining and remunerative, a railroad
should have every advantage that cau be pro
cured, either from the resources of nature or art;
and while much of its success depends upon the
energy and skill of its managers, a blunder in its
original construction may have such au effect as
cannot be overcome by any amount of industry
and prudeuce afterwards. Speaking of the direct
route, it is not generally desirable only on ac
count of speed, the saving of material, and the
wear of machinery, and this rarely anything like
counterbalances the gain of deviating from the
right line. By a very simple calculation it can
be shown that in nine cases out ot ten every
curve in a railroad is of intrinsic advantage.—
Those topographical features that force the en
gineer to deviate from his theoretical line, gen
erally turn his road from almost barren rocky
bills and mountains to follow the fertile and
finely timbered valleys. They turn it from im
passable fens and marshes, subject to inundation,
to the firm earth, where its repair will be nomi
nal lor years. Besides these, and a thousand
minor advantages, the road, by lyiug serpentine,
runs through a variety of towns and villages,
where, from the peculiar natural advantages of
situation, industry lias already begun its hive.
The second consideration, then, that the road
be so constructed as to give it all the advantages
of the industry, trade and travel of the country
through which it is to pass. The towns and vil
lages of a country being tlie foci of so many dif
ferent localities, or neighborhoods ; it is very de
sirable to take as many of these in the way as
possible; and just here the third consideration
arises, that of making the road convenient to the
people while it pays the proprietors. This is en
tirely dependent on the pecuniary condition of
the builders in every case, and the amount of
money with which the work must be accomplish
ed will control all other considerations, no mat
ter what be the advantages or disadvantages dis
closed.
I offer to make a few observations with regard
to the proposed routes between Rome and Dal
ton. I believe but two have as yet been contem
plated. One making a considerable angle West
with the Western & Atlantic road at Dalton, and
running through what is called Sugar Valley,
keeping west o.‘ the Oostanaula river, and cross-
ng it at some point below Calhoun. The other
route brings the new road parallel with the West
ern and Atlantic until it reaches Calhoun, where
it diverges west at a considerable angle, forming
the third side of a triangle of which the other two
are formed hytlie Western and Atlantic and
the Rome road. Eacli route has its own peculiar
advantages and disadvantages, and with regard
to topography there is little difference, generally.
Howeverthe general mtMniajM of the routes
are not at all balanced, for while the Sugar Val
ley route leads through a very broken country,
presenting innumerable abrupt obstacles—creeks,
ravines, Hills, &c., running in many directions,
making cuts and fills, trestles and curves of in
convenient, and even dangerous, radii necessary,
the other route offers very many less obstacles,
besides having the advantage of tlie Western and
Atlantic railroad, during its construction. What
1 mean, then, in saying that as regards topogra
phy neither route has much tlie advantage,
is this: Tlie Sugar Valley route, while it
presents all the topographical objections in its
features above enumerated, possesses double the
amount of convenient materials, and these are
of great importance; so much so, that I consider
a thinly timbered, broken country necessary to
lie avoided, though it cause a wide detour. But
tlie route to be chosen depends entriely on dol
lars aud cents, though* the construction of the
road might cost more by following the best line.
The proper object to be kept iu view is to make
it pay. This is the pith and point of all internal
improvement. Tlie nature of the country through
which it is to run, then, is a considerable item,
aud especially where the road must run on one
side or the other of, and near a navigable river.
The effect then, not only of the navigation of the
Oostanaula, but the river viewed as an obstacle,
should be carefully considered. Not simply as
to the bridging of the stream, but the question
as to which side of the river would give the road
the industrial drainage of the larger and richer
country. This is a consideration of much im
portance, aud I am not prepared as yet to de
monstrate my route to be tlie better in this re
spect ; therefore, I shall not spend an opinion.
As to the mere cost of building, I consider the
route by Calhoun, if judiciously run, as consider
ably cheaper. My opiuions are based on a per
sonal reconnoisanee. and, after all, may be wrong;
but my observations have been pretty extensive,
j and I have given the subject much thought.
I have never made anv accurate survev ot the
Spirt* of the New York Press.
E UBOPEAN CORRESPONDENCE.
The Mississippi River Drying Up.—Old ! country, but with no view to the location of a
steamboat men declare that tlie signs ot the j railroad I nave taken many heights and dis-
past four or live seasons jKiint to the permanent
drying up of tlie Mississippi river, reducing it
from a stream navigable for the largest boats
tiu* whole season, to one of uncertain naviga
tion. like the Missouri, passable at certain sea-
sous, and tlie rest of the year shrunk to a mere
creek, winding along sandbars and shoals.
There is certainly some change taking place iu
our climate that is affecting our lakes and rivers.
They are greatly different in their habits from
what they were eight or ten years ago. The
average of water is steadily decreasing. Our
"June rise,” once as certain as the coming ot
the month, lias totally ceased. The heaviest
rains, which once would have swelled the river
several feet, now do not seem to affect it in the
least. There are many theories advanced to
explain this. One is that the climate is under
going some change, which seems plausible, as
those who have studied the meteorology of our
Suite are convinced that this change is taking
plaee.
Another theory is that the cultivation of the
country, destruction ot forests and other physical
causes have tended to decrease the rain fall and
retard the flowing of extra moisture into the
streams. Whatever may be the cause, tlie effect
certainly exist, and the same thing has been
seen on all tlie Western rivers, which are grad
ually shrinking up. In our case, however, the
t-vil is loss to be feared, because our railroad
system is so nearly developed that the river
navigation is not now tlie necessity it once was
to our commercial public. Tlie river can never
again, whether it continues navigable or not,
assume tli
Unices, some approximately, some accurately,
with a “rentier * circleand sextant. Tlie re
sult of these has been to confirm my opinion that
if the road must run west of the Oostanaula,
the old survey is entirely impracticable, though I
am rather inclined to the opinion, not altogether
satisfied, however, that the route by Calhoun is
the better.
Thinking this subject one of general interest,
I have thought proper to offer the above hints,
not as an interested laud holder or speculator,
speaking with an eye to gain, but as one who is
an amateur engineer—one who has spent years
of study to acquire the learning of the profession.
Most respectfully, James M. Thompson.
•This is an instrument of my own invention construct
ed of wood. I have found it to possess a considerable
desree of accuracy at a short distance, sufficient for any
ordinarv purposes. A similar Instrument carefully con
structed of metal would be invaluable to the topographi
cal engineer. In minor surveys.
The Clergy of Edinburgh seem to con
sult their people with great freedom in regard
to matters of dress. The ladies of the congre
gation of Dr. , in that city, lately deter
mined to present the Doctor with a pulpit
gown. The Doctor, on the Sunday after it was
presented, intimated to the people in tlie
church, “The ladies have been kind enough to
present me with a pulpit gown; but lest anv
‘ * bject to my wearing it, I shan't
member should object
put it on yet, and will hear objections on
Thursday- night.” Nobody came to object but
an old lady. The Doctor said. “Well, Janet,
important pari it has hitherto played what objection have you to the pulpit gown.
in the development of our Slate. Wc must look
to the railroad to continue our civic prosperity.
—Nt Piinl (Minit.) Pioneer.
For kissing another man’s wife in Rock
county, Mississippi, Dr. Hale paid $786 86.
“Aweel, Sir,” said Janet, “we never heard ot
tlie Apostle Paul wearing a gown.” The Doc
tor said (and there was a siguilicancy in the re
ply,) “You are quite right Janet; but we never
read ot St. Paul wearing breeks (trowsers)!”
That satisfied the old lady.
LEGISLATION OF CONGRESS.
The Times contains a carefully prepared aud
complete official statement of all the legislation
accomplished by Congress at its recent session.
The official number, the House and Senate num
ber, and the full title and the date of the approval
of each public act, private act, and resolution, is
given in numerical and chronological order.—
Among the acts of public importance are :
An act to prevent tlie spread of foreign dis
eases among the cattle of the United States.
An act to amend the above.
An act to provide for the revision and consoli
dation ot the statute laws of the United States.
An act to regulate the transportation of nitro
glycerine, or Glynoiu oil, and the other substan
ces therein named.
Au act to regulate the times and manner ot
holding elections for Senators in Congress.
An act to authorize tlie use in post offices of
weights of the denomination of grains.
An act for the removal of causes in certain ca
ses from the State courts.
An act to authorize the use of the metric sys
tem of weights and measures.
The number of public acts is 188; private acts,
125; public resolutions, 70; and private resolu
tions, 25.
THE LOUISIANA CONVENTION.
The World says that it is apparent, even to
the Radicals, that unless tlie existing State Gov
ernments ot the South are overthrown, tlie pol
icy of President Johnson must ultimately pre
vail.
In another article it is said that the public
mind generally is already convinced, but the ev
idence accumulates daily that the recent riot in
New Orleans was a long-planned Radical plot.
That every preparation was made for the out
break is evident from tlie reports which now
come to us by mail of the arming of blacks, tlie
incendiary meetings, the torchlight parades of
frantic negroes, and the inflammatory harangues
of ranting rioters—all preliminary to, aud on
the very eve of, the riot to which they' were tlie
incentives and stimulants. All the plans, at
Washington and in New Orleans, were as delib
erate as they were diabolical. The intention in
New Orleans is evident enough. It was simply to
upset the present legally constituted State and
city governments, and to substitute therefor an
archy, military rule, a provisional government,
anything acceptable to the Radicals in Washing
ton ; or, failing in this scheme, to create a riot so
serious as to call for federal interference, thus
furnishing new argument for keeping out the
“ disturbed, riotous, and still rebellious Southern
States” till after the next Presidential contest.
THE WIGWAM.
The Express copies from a Philadelphia paper
a description of the building now in process of
construction for the approaching “National Un
ion Convention.” The dimensions are 146 by
145 feet. Seats are provided for 7,000 persons,
while 3,000 patient visitors can be accommodated
with standing room. As evergreens and festoon
ed flowers are to decorate the many iron col
umns, the frame structure will be gayly relieved.
After the convention adjourns the building will
be appropriated for mass meetings, under tlie
auspices of the Johnson Club.
PROFITS OF THE CABLE.
Rather large calculations are made of the
profits of the Atlantic Telegraph companies. A
St. Johns correspondent of the Tribune, thus
writes: The directors of the Anglo-American
Telegraph Company thus eslimatein a printed
paper, assuming that the amount to be charged
would not be less than five shillings per word.
Working at five shillings per word, only five
words a minute, 24 hours per day, there would
be a gross revenue of £1,800 ($9,000, gold,) a
day, or £540,000 a year. This is lor one cable
only.
The Express remarks that there is a general and
strong feeling of indignation against the tele
graph charges in the press and among bankers
and merchants. Those who strike so hard at
first, will, in the end, be likely to bit themselves.
SANTA ANNA IN TROUBLE.
We find it stated in the World, that in the Su
preme Court Chambers, before Judge Barnard,
the case of Montgomery vs. Santa Anna, came up.
A short time since, the plaintiff, Montgomery,
was discharged from an order of arrest obtained
against him, on tlie ground that lie had commit
ted fraud in representing himself to be the agent
of General Santa Anna, which agency was repu
diated by the latter.
The plaintiff charges that the general lias act
ed maliciously in the matter, and injured him to
the extent of $25,000.
Judge Barnard, granted an order of arrest,
holding the celebrated Mexican to bail in the
sum of $30,000. The order was yesterday car
ried out, and the general was arrested by depu
ties Moore and McGonegal. He gave the bail
required, and was therefore released from cus
tody.
THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON AND MEXICO.
The Express says that the Emperor Napoleon,
in the matter of recalling his troops from Mexi
co, continues more and more to exhibit a most
inexplicable stupidity, or something else. His
steamers with troops on board, still persist in go
ing in the wrong direction, notwithstanding his
attention has been repeatedly called to it. His
Imperial Majesty, we guess, must have very in
experienced pilots. It is probable these fellows
were instructed to go to Vera Cruz with their
vessels empty, in order to bring tlie “ legions ”
home—but that, through some blundering misin
terpretation of orders, they have stopped on the
way and taken on board a full complement of
fighting men, who were, no doubt, destined for
the Mediterranean, the Adriatic, or. China.
THE SITUATION IN EUROPE.
The following condensed analysis is contained
in a letter received in New York, from Paris.
The situation may be briefly stated as follows:
Prussia lays down the bases of peace, one of
which is the exclusion of Austria from the Ger
man Confederation; and upon the acceptance of
these bases by Austria, Prussia and Italy will
agree to an armistice ot five days, for negotia
tions. France proposes to support this offer,
provided Prussia will reserve the total exclusion
of Austria and make that a European question
to be settled by a Congress. Prussia assents to
this modification; whereupon the French Minis
ter proceeds to Vienna and Prince Napoleon to
Italy to submit the terms agreed upon by France
and Prussia.
THE LABOR CONVENTION.
The Times, referring to the Convention that is
to assemble in Baltimore on the 20th inst, and to
the probability that delegates will be present
from all parts of the country, remarks that it
presumes that the relations of capital and labor
and the general policy of strikes will be the chief
topics of discussion. Of strikes, the writer says,
that if they ever accomplished their object they
would be eminently proper. But ihev never do.
An empty cupboard, a pale and anxious, though
brave wife, children who must be fed though the
purse run low—all these fight for the capitalist,
and the contest is too unequal to be long main
tained. What then is the remedy ? *■
The remedy is the one that must arise out of
the intelligence, industry and self-denial of the
laborer himself It can be attained by no other
process. Combination, therefore, must address
j itself to the task, not of organizing labor against ;
capital—a vain task so long as there are more i —
workers than work—but of educating the labor- j l'' e are permitted to make lie following ex-
er to higher mental and social habits and ideas, f tiiiet fioin a private letter written by a young
The principles of political economy and of socialj u ^' oi t * 1 ’ s >" “° * s umv traveling in Europe.]
economy must be studied simultaneously. To ! Baden-Baden, July 2,1866.
learn how to compete with capital is, therefore, j One really enjoys * visit to the
the task ot the laboring man in this country. It.-j picturesque little village of Baden-Baden, after
may require years of steady effort, and enlighten- ! laying remained a while in the dismal, uninter-
ed effort, too, before this may be possible, but it is j es *-* n = Strasburg. We arrived here at nine o'clock
possible. L * n l * ,e even Ih£> atter depositing our baggage
THE CHOLERA.
The World of Saturday says that it is idle to dis
guise that tlie cholera is rapidly and violently in
creasing in this city; and, assurances that such
would not be the case in the past having proved
abortive, it is necessary to look for still greater
increase in tlie coming weeks. The culmination
of the disease was in 1854 reached during tlyjj,
second week in August, now not far off. At that
time the deaths per week, by cholera alone, were
two hundred and forty-one, while during tbe |
noted deaths was one hundred and twelve.—
Counting in tlie, doubtless, large number that
have been really killed by cholera without the j
: at the hotel, strolled about iu tht charming valley
until enticed by a grand display oC lights down a
fairy-like promenade lined with orange trees,
I whose blossoms filled the air with delicious fra
grance. This promenade led us to the “Conver
sation” house, a very handsome edifice, but not
of striking exterior. After mounting a few steps,
we found ourselves in a portico surrounded by
eight Corinthian pillars, in the center ol wbict*
ore three large doors, forming the entrance to the
great “Assembly” room, a most elegant saloon.
week ending yesterday, the number of officially! B 1 ' s tastefully decorated with pictures by Rignie^
_#nd adorned with rich display, beautifully fres-
ttoed walls, and a neat floor of mosaic work nicely
jwaxed. If one will stand at the extremity of
the hall and take a coup d'oieul, he will at
once imagine himself in an enchanted spot.—
From the “Assembly” room we proceeded to the
‘Sp-called “Landscape” and “Italiau” rooms
.these are used exclusively for gambling. In the
former is played roulette, and in the latter rouge
(t-noir.
Around a large table filled with “Napoleons’
were sitting and standing both aged and young
^from the snowy-headed lady of some eighty
^inters, to the youthful girl scarcely out of her
“teens”—all intensely absorbed in the ruinous
g(nnes. They commence at eleven o’clock in the
morning, and never cease playing till midnight.
Much to our surprise, as well as regret, we ob
served that the Sabbath made no difference to
these gamblers, having been engaged all day in
th£ wretched amusement.
iOur attention was particularly directed to an
o(d English lady, with one foot in the grave,
who was venturing her “Napoleons” as freely as
any of the men. It was, indeed, amusing to
watch the old lady’s expression as she would
put down her twenty-five franc piece, trembling
with anxiety to know whether she would lose or
win
Does it not seem ungrateful to make such ill
use of the life with which we are blessed ? Be
sides, the “ Assembly ” room, are many other
riqh apartments; but the gem of them all, is the
little “Flower” room, handsomely decorated
with white and gold, and filled with graceful
statues, crystal fountains, and through the whole
room, one is refreshed by the delicious odor
emitted from the shrubbery and beautiful hot
house plants. The only thing wanting to render
the effect complete, I think, is the introduction of
a few little birds to merrily chirp among the
roses.
The grand “ Ball” room is the greatest of all
the saloons; it is lighted through six glass doors
ori (he North side, and adorned with massive
notice of the Board of Health, the-latter figure,
with the addition, will be a close approximation
at least to that of 1854.
ITEMS OF NEWS.
The Washington correspondent of tlie Express
writes that an Executive Committee, composed
of Radical members ot Congress, (whereof
Sclienck, of Ohio, is chairman,) have ahead}'
commenced to Black Mail the employees at the
Capitol by assessing a tax of one and a half per
centum upon their respective annual salaries for
the purpose of defraying the expenses of the ap
proaching elections in the several States.
The Department of State has not,up to August
1st, received any official information of the ratifi
cation of the constitutional amendment *by the
Legislature of Tennessee. The Radicals are no
doubt convinced now that they asserted at, least
one falsehood in the preamble to the resolution
for the admission of the Tennessee delegation
The correspondent of the World writes from
Washington that the funeral of John Ross, the
Indian Chief, was attended by representatives
from several civilized tribes, and by the Commis
sioner of Indian Affairs. All the pall-bearers,
with the exception of a Choctaw, were Cherokees
who had served as captains of Indian troops in
the Federal army during the late war.
A correspondent of the same paper writing
from Fortress Monroe, after remarking that great
honor is due to Representative Rogers, from the
Judiciary Committee of Congress, for the bold
and lofty stand he has taken, single arid alone,
in making his “minority” report upon the case
of Jefferson Davis, adds that there is great im
portance to be attached to Mr. Rogers’ report, is
evident from the fact that the eminent counsel of
Mr. Davis, Charles O’Conor, Esq., has arrived
here, and been closeted two days with his client.
Only lie, Mr. Davis, and the massive granite
walls of casemate No. 7, second row front, of
Fortress Monroe, are aware of the purport of
this close conference. There is, however, thi^* i 1 ,1 ^ a " s ’ l ;lm P'b ear ' n g figures, glistening chande-
- - - - - - - - 1 liert, frescoes representing gardens, after Italian
masters, and on the ceiling is portrayed the sky,
much to be augured from Mr. O’Conor’s appear
ance here at this particular juncture. He must
have received some assurance from the powers that
be, that Jefferson Davis will soon hare a fair trial
or be liberated on heavy bonds. Certain it is that
great influence is at work with President John
son, to interpose his strong arm in this case.
The Express says that the year of 1866 prom
ises to be one of the most exciting in the history
of the Government. The Radicals have already
commenced the campaign in Pennsylvania, and
a Washington dispatch to the Tribune says that
the State Central Committee of Pennsylvania has
promises from some of the best political orators
in the country to canvass the Slate this fall. By
the middle of the present month the work of
speech-making will be in full blast.
The World, of Saturday, publishes additional
names of income tax payers in the city of New
York. The income of A. T. Stewart is put down
at over four millions of dollars for last year. The
next largest on the list is four hundred and sev
enty-eight- thousand dollars.
[COMMUNICATED.]
Religions Revival.
Fayetteville, Ga., July 30, 1866.
One of the most interesting meetings has just
closed at the Fayetteville Baptist Church, that
we have ever witnessed in this community. Tlie
meeting was conducted by our much esteemed
pastor, the Rev. P. A. Lawson, (with some as
sistance from brethren Harp, Avery, Cloud, and
Camp, at different times,) for 17 or 18 days.—
There were added to the church 82 members—
70 baptzied, the others by restoration, letters, and
confession of faith.
The Methodists held their quarterly meeting
at their church in the village, including the fourth
Sabbath, continued six days, and received 40
members, so you see that 122 members have been
added to the two churches at Fayetteville. May
the Lord keep them by His almighty power, and
direct them by His Holy Spirit, that they may be
bright and shining ornaments of his visible
church!
The school at Fayetteville Seminary, number-
ng about 100 students, added much to the inter
est of the meeting; and a great deal of credit is
due to Capt. George C. Looney, his younger
brother, and Mr. B. Strickland, for the skill aiul
ability manifested by them in the management
of this school, and the rapid improvement ot
their students. Fayetteville, in point of morals,
is not surpassed by any village or city iu the
State. Parents and guardians would do well to
patronize this valuable institution of learning,
while under the successful management of the
principal teacher, Capt. George C. Looney, aud
his assistant teachers, Bub Looney and B. Strick
land. R-
Tbe Cholera in New York.
We give place to the following letter from a
highly responsible firm in New York, which is de
signed to place the-cholera question on its proper
footing. Knowing personally Maj. S. H. Hughes,
now of the firm of Moore, Trimble & Co., we
have no hesitation in endorsing their statement:
'New' York, Aug. 4,1866.
Messrs. Editors—Having received a number of
communications from our friends South, asking
information in regard to prevalence of cholera
in tne city, stating also that many persons are
deterred from visiting New York in consequence,
you will oblige ns very much, and do those de
sirous of doing so a service, by stating through
your journal that, in our opinion, there is no more
risk in coming to New York now, than in former
years at the same period. In confirmation of
which, we refer you to the Journal of Commerce,
of this date, which we think gives the facts as
they exist Your obedient servants,
Moore, Trimble & Co.
One ot OUI Abe’* Best.
The following was related recently at a meet
ing in Kentucky, by a Democratic speaker of
some renown in the West:
“ That estimable lady, Mrs Lincoln, always
bad, it seems.» tongue* of "her own, and occa
sionally made a pretty free use of it in perform
ing the conjugal duty of admonishing her liege
lord. A near neighbor once hinted to Mr. Lin
coln that the clear and penetrating tones of Mrs.
L.’s voice might be misunderstood in the neigh
borhood, aDd probably give rise to some un
founded stories, and that he onght not to permit
her to take such liberties. ‘ Ah,’ said Mr. Lin
coln, * you would not suggest such a thing if you
only knew how much good it does her, aud how
little harm it does me.’”
in which wmged children, cupids, and genii
compose an orchestra, each with their respective,
musical instruments. The saloon called the
room of Louis XIY is superb, and equals any
apartment in the palaces.
The inhabitants of Baden-Baden ate prohibit
ed from partaking iu a game at the “ conversa
tion ” house, because, I suppose, if they should
thereby be reduced to poverty, the government
would then have to support them. Mr. Benizel
pays to the Grand Duke two millions of francs
for the privilege of keeping the house; lie also
defrays tlie expense ot the exquisite music that
discourses there each day from seven to eight in
tlie morning; three to four, and seven to nine in
the evening. Tlie small Chinese pagoda, situa
ted directly in front of tiie house, is tlie stand
for the “band ”—it. cost seventy thousand francs,
and was built in the year 1859. Mr. Benizel
makes his fortune by means of tlie games, though
he never plays himself. This season is, com
paratively, very dull in consequence of tbe war
—though strangers are ever flocking here, some
for recreation, and others for health. The waters
are said to be excellent. Baden-Baden is one of
the most picturesque, romantic little spots on the
continent—a pus in urbe—combining the gaiety
of Paris with the fresh, exhilarating mountain air
and all the, small pleasures of Switzerland. It is
surrounded by the vast, black forest. We enjoy
ed quite a ramble through it en route to the “old
castle,” which has served as a residence for the
ancient Dukes—and from where we had an ad
mirable view of tbe country around. The scenery
from the bridge of rocks is even finer. The as-
■iit was quite fatiguing, but once there, the tour
ist is fully recompensed for his wearisome jaunt
by the wild and commanding views that the
height affords. The little Oos, flowing along so
quietly, seemed to say, as did the “Brook” of
Tennyson’s, “I’ll go on forever.”
Tiie chain of hills, crowned with the “ Old
Castle, ” some sixteen hundred and fifty feet
above tbe level of tlie sea, where ^Eolian harps
are heard—and with the meandering Rhine,
beyond which can be seen the grand cathedral
Strasburg—form but a few of tlie principal
points that one can scan from the height of Fel-
sew Brucke. It is not, then, to be wondered at.
that this place has been the rendezvous of poets,
lovers and royalty.
The new tower at Baden, occupied by the
present duke, contains as handsomely filled re
ception halls as any in Europe. Tiie gnide, with
lanterns, took us first down into the dismal
vaults, deep aud damp, where, six hundred years
ago, transpired most horrible scenes; lie pointed
out to us the dreary, dark cells with double stone
i'tes, and tbe hooks upon which the victims of
the Inquisition were stretched after their con
demnation by the so-called “Tribunal of Jus
tice,” which held counsel in an adjoining apart
ment. A secret, underground entrance led to
an opening in the wall, through which these
poor creatures were lowered to lie cut with
falling knives, and then floated down the stream
of Eternity ! They were first made to accept
the new faith, and kiss an image of the Virgin!
In the old church of Lichtenthal, a pleasant walk
from Baden, are exposed in glass cases two gor
geously dressed dukes, in the richest of jewels,
and tinsel—contrasting most unfavorably with
their skeleton bodies which reclined on crimson
cushions. There are many strange and interest
ing legends of Baden-Baden and its environs—
the representations of which are frescoed on the
wall under the arcades ot the “ pump-house.”
Now, I must not close without a word on
Strasburg—her grand Cathedral and noble
clock. The city is situated on the Rhine, aud
was well fortified by-Vanban. One crosses tbe
river on the bridge of boats, and finds himself
in the grand Duchy of Baden. The Cathedral
is remarkable for its 9pire, which measures four
hundred and sixty-eight feet above the level of
the floor, and is the highest in the world, except
the great pyramid of Egypt, which exceeds it
only four feet. The church was commenced iu.
12i7, completed in 1601; it does not present so
imposing a front as the Notre Dame de R being.
In consequence of being built in a hollow, it
does not appear to advantage until directly in
i ont of it. A birds-eye view from the top of
the steeple affords a most pleasing panor*® 8 -
It is quite dangerous to ascend to the °f tiie
Jleehe, the stone work being so very *'! 1011 that by
a slip of the foot, the body could easily pass
through. When about t«o thirds of the. way
up, we found ourselves on the platform, where
watch is kept.
Yiewiug the city below, our attention was
drawn to the conspicuous and numerous nests of
storks, who rear their young on the top of the
chinmeys—remain five months, and then take
their flight for Egypt. The peculiarity of these
birds is, that Strasburg is the ouly city.in France
they have chosen for their summer abode.
The chef d’ouvre of tbe Cathedral is the world-
renowned clock, constructed by Mr. Sclrinlgue,
three hundred years ago, and was twenty-four
years in completion. It only requires winding
once a year.
At midday the t welve Apostles appear before
Christ, who blesses them each iu turn; while
Peter is receiving the benediction, a cock flaps
his wings and crows three times; an angel
strikes one; a little boy, a middle-aged mau,
aud an old mau, pass on before Death, who then
strikes tlie hour, aud immediately after an angel
turns the hour-glass. Every quarter the child
strikes, every half the man in Iris prime, every
three quarters the old man, and every hour Death
himself tolls the bell!
The mechanism ol this clock is indeed won
derful ; it exhibits the revolution of the planets
—visible to the naked eye—the phases of the
moon, the eclipses, the difference of times, the
days of the months, the ecclesiastical year, &c.
Near the clock is a vast column, bearing sym
bolical statues sculptured by Sabiue, the daugh
ter of the illustrious architect.
After its completion, she placed an image op
posite, that he might admire her genius.
There, also, we saw a painting of Christ which
cost twenty thousand francs.
In the center of the church is a pulpit, consid
ered a master-piece; it is beautifully carved—
representing on one side all the apostles, and on
the other a grotesque figure of an old man asleep,
and a mischievous little boy in the act of refresh
ing him with a bucket of cool water.
The church of St. Thomas is very interesting;
it contains the monument of Marshal Saxe, by
Pigalle, erected to the hero’s memory by his sov
ereign, Louis XV. It is considered one of tlie
finest efforts of tlie chisel.
This church also contains two mummies, in
glass cases, said to be those of the Count of Nas-
san and his daughter. The flesh* as also the
clothes, are well preserved. They were found
beneath tlie church sixty years ago,but arc known
to be some four hundred years old. They are
decorated with diamonds, pearls, rubies, coral
and lace.
Near the church stands the statue of Guttcn-
burg—in conspicuous position—on a square of
the same name. He made his first attempt at
printing in Strasburg during the year 1435.
I will mention, in conclusion, for the benefit of
some of my epicurean friends, that a visit to
Strasburg will furnish them with some of the
rare pate de foie gras, which is a speciality of the
place. It weighs sometimes as much as three
pounds. L. L.
The liaat Speech Iu. the United States
Senate.
“Omikron,” tlie Washington City correspon
dent of the Memphis Argus, reports the follow
ing:
The last speech of the session was made in the
Senate. It was made by the Senator who had
partially led to battle tlie few Republicans who
remained true to the doctrines of Mr. Lincoln
and the platform of 1864, the few who, with the
Executive alone to help them, sought to stem
the tide of fanatical, interested, and sectional leg
islation—it was made by Senator Doolittle, of
Wisconsin. He rose, lie said, to a personal ex
planation, but it was easy to see that he rose to
claim the victory of the minority. In sentences
more sharp and defined than lie had yet used, he
reviewed his own course, and in doing so, vin
dicated the troth and wisdom of the President,
and turning upon his colleague in accusation,
pausing an instant to enjoy the thought he was
about to utter, he broke forth loud and clear in
the assertion of victor}'.
“1 have seen an utter abandonment by Con
gress, and even by the Radicals in Congress, of
negro suffrage as a condition precedent to recon
struction at the South.
“ With an overwhelming majority—a majori
ty of more than two-thirds against the President
—every Senator in this body, except Mr. Sum
ner, of Massachusetts, and Mr. Brown, of Mis
souri, on Saturday, by a deliberate vote, surren
dered negro suffrage as a condition of reconstruc
tion ; surrendered the point, the very point, of
difference and of war on me, the ground, aud
only ground, of principle upon which this war
was begun and has been waged by Congress up
on the President. All the world knows that all
else is but an afterthought—mere pretexts seized
upon after the war was actually begun.
“ Yes, sir, I have seen every Senator in the ma
jority except the two I have mentioned, and
among them I have seen my colleague, and even
tbe Senator from Ohio, (Mr. Wade) and one of
the Senators from Massachusetts, surrender negro
suffrage as a condition precedent to reconstruc
tion. And yet, sir, I do not question the motives
of my colleague, nor charge his action as cow
ardly or inconsistent. He has, I doubt not, ar
rived at the conclusion that it was unwise
to insist upon this thing longer; at least that
before doing so again lie had better wait
until the next fall election. But I ask those
men in Wisconsin who condemn me as abandon
ing the cause of liberty and republican govern
ment for refusing to insist on negro suffrage, a
thing which was abandoned when the struggle
came, and Greek met Greek in the tug of war;
it it be wise in my colleague and tlie Senator
from Ohio to give up now, after a long and final
struggle which has resulted in open war between
the majority in Congress and our administration,
was it not wisdom in me thus to foresee the evil
and do my utmost to prevent it.
“As to the other charges, that I maintain that
tlie Southern peopie are the inhabitants of States,
and as such, upon obedience to tlie laws and
Constitution of tlie United States, are entitled to
representatation in Congress whenever they send
Senators and Representatives, properly elected
and qualified under the Constitution and laws—
I have said upon other occasions all I desire to
say. Sly opinions are unchanged, and my con
viction of their soundness remains unshaken.—
They are, in my opinion, based upon truth and
justice, and they are born of God.
“Sir, this abandonment ot negro suffrage as a
condition preeedent, and of this doctrine that the
Southern States are not States, but in the territo-.
rial condition, is either sincere or hypocritical.—
I am bound to think it sincere; and yet there are
some persons like Wendell Phillips who declare
that it is abandoned only for the present, and for
a purpose; to tide over the fall elections. In
short, that it is both hypocritical and cowardly.
But I do not say that/’
The Senate was hushed. Sumner nodded his
head to Wade as if in admission of the claim of
victory so clearly stated. The face of Howe
paled. He felt he must answer, and lie felt his
answer would be his political knell. He rose
and placed himself upon tlie record as an advo
cate of universal suffrage, as a condition prece
dent to the restoration ot the Union ; and on this
he must in his own State, and on it Radicalism
must stand in every State, notwithstanding its
forced abandonment, or rather hiding of this, its
cbiefest aira, its sole idea of American states
manship, American progrc3siveness.
A correspondent of tlie London Star says:
“A curious fact was reported to me yesterday,
namely, that needle-guns was not the sole cause
of the success of the Prussians at the battle of
Sadowa. General Benedek, as you are perhaps
aware, is an immense landed proprietor; his es
tates lie chiefly in Bohemia. It appears to avoid
passing over his property, and thereby injuring
his crops; vineyard, Ac., lie made tlie Austrian
army march a round of six miles. His troops
arrived on the field perfectly exhausted. If this
be true—and I heard it from a person who fre-
iquents the salon of Madame de 3Ietternich—I
jjuite understand the General’s disgrace.”
Speech of Senator Blxon, of Connecticut,
at the State, Convention.
The following extract from the speech of Sen
ator Dixon6f Connecticut, before the Conven
tion, iii that State, assembled at New Haven, for
the purpose of appointing delegates to Philadel
phia, it is sensible, statesmanlike, and patriotic:
Having survived the terrible shock of civil war
to which it lyis been exposed; the groat funda
mental question Which now agitates t he public
mind is, how shall peaceful and constitutional
relations between its several parts be restored
and confirmed ?, ,•
Thfe is IWgrCat question to which I desire to
call your attention*. ■ Matters of detail are unim
portant; Tlie work of the statesman is to har
monize tlie different -arid discordant ports of a
districted country. How is it to be done?—
While there arc many minor details of policy
and numerous individualSchemes of adjustment,
there are only two great commanding systems of
reconstruction. .The plan proposed by Congress
is. before you. It proceeds on the ground of com-
E effing the States lately in rebellion to submit to
umiliation and degrading terms. It proposes
to perpetuate the memory of this degradation
aud humiliation by inscribing it in indelible re
cord on the pages of the Constitution of the Uni
ted States. It is not, I admit, as strong in its
terms of humiliation and degradation as the in
dividual propositions of some of the leading
members of Congress. Mr. Thaddeus Stevens,
for instance, has, proposed an entire confiscation
of rebel property, and the reduction of the en
tire white race of the South to utter aud abject
poverty and actual starvation, and in a prepared
written speech delivered in the House of Repre
sentatives, he lias uttered his impious pra}*er that
they might all be Consigned “to the Penitentiary
of Hell/’ !
Mr. Boutwell and Mr. Sumner have a differ
ent plan: They, with Mr. Brown of Misouri,
and other gentlemen whom I personally respect,
have a theory of elevating the black race ot the
South by giving them the ballot. If there is
thought to be anything noble or generous in their
plan of reconstruction, I may he permitted to
say that to them alone, and the few who sustain
theni, the honor beloilgs, for Congress has shown
no desire, to enfranchise the. black race, but satis
fies itself with fruitless efforts to disfranchise a
white race. Vengeance, and not justice, seems
to be their leading impulse. And tints it is that
the plan proposed by Congress lias not one no
ble and generous characteristic. It is despised
and rejected by the ultra Radicals of the school
of Wendell Phillips, as it richly deserves to be.
It is marked only by a purpose of degrading a
portion of our common country, while it abso
lutely, in my judgment—and hero I agree in
opinion with such men as Mr. Sumner, and Mr.
Brown, and Air. Phillips—does nothing for the
cause of human rights. It is .a scheme which
may possibly save a party from destruction.. It
cannot commend itself to the approbation of
any generous advocate of the dignity of human
nature without distinction of race or color; for
While it is cruel and vengeful toward tlie white
race of the South, it leaves the black man to his
fate. Yet it comes from men who claim for
themselves the honor of being the exclusive
friends or the blacks. Their love for the freed-
man is only shown by their hatred of his former
master. All this is- perfectly apparent to any
thinking mind. Hence it is that you see daily
the scorn and contempt of such Radicals as
Phillips poured out upon the Congressional plan
of reconstruction.' He sees and honestly de
clares its true object. What now is the plan of
the President and those who support him? You
have seen what Congress proposes.
On the other hand, what have we, the true
Union men of the country, to offer ? We base
our policy and onr actions on the Constitution of
the United States. This is a safe and sure foun
dation. We cannot err in adopting that as onr
guide. We desire to preserve aud perpetuate
our federal system of government—the wisest
system ever devised by tbe wit of man, and the
only system by whicli a continental republic is
rendered possible. We oppose as one of the
greatest of evils, a central despotism. (Enthu
siastic cheers.) We look, therefore, with jealous
eyes upon this disposition so strongly manifested
of late to absorb all the powers of tiie State Gov
ernments in Congress. The necessities ot the
war led many wise and thinking men to tolerate
this for a time—but as the necessity has ceased,
we desire to return to the spirit of onr institu
tions, and to legislate in accordance with the ge
nius of our government. The great question
which now absorbs the minds of onr people is
notone of mere details—whether a State, or any
number Of States shall, this year or next, be rep
resented in Congress ? This is a matter of im
portance ; hut that is not all. The question lias
larger and more general aspects. It involves, as
I have intimated, the existence of our federal
system, and it also involves the harmonious and
fraternal relations of the people ot all the States
during our entire existence as a nation. Shall
we be hereafter truly one people ? Shall our
union be a union in heart and in feeling, or in
name only ? Shall mutual regard and respect
bind us together in perpetual amity, or shall
force compel a union which hatred may only
wait an opportunity to destroy? These are
questions which no wise man will fail to con
sider. And since the dissevered Stater, are,
sooner or later, to be in all respects reunited—
since we are to be one people, what folly, what
madness is is for the stronger portion to impose
degrading terms upon the weaker! Is it thus that
true fraternal unity Is to be restored and perpetua
ted? The statesman has someting better now to
do than to keep alive the memory of past errors.
There is enough in the past to regret and con
demn. Let it have some better use than to per
petuate hatred between the North and tlie South.
Its teachings may be so improved as to give us
a purer government, a fraternal Union; or they
may be perverted to tbe base and wicked eud of
instilling in tbe hearts of the people of tlie dif
ferent sections of our country, bitter and eternal
animosity. Viewed in this light, the mode and
manner of reconstruction may have bearings on
our future as a nation of immeasurable impor
tance. In adopting or rejecting either plan pro
posed, we are to adopt or reject harmony, cor
diality, fraternity, a true and hearty Union,
founded on mutual regard and respect, and
bound together by tbe golden chains of mutual .
advantage.
We see from the history of other nations how
hatreds are perpetuated—how the memory of an
cient wrongs, real or imaginary', descends from
sire to son, from generation to generation. Shall
we scatter still more widely the seeds of section
al hatred, or shall we attempt to eradicate those
already planted. There is now a possibility of
a perfect restoration of kindness and good will
between all the States of our Union. War has
not necessarily made perpetual enemies. A spirit
of Christian forgiveness may, with the blessing
of God, breed a spirit of Christian love. In this
spirit we propose to meet our Southern fellow-
citizens in the National Union Convention.—
[Cheers.] This is a first and necessary step to
wards a cordial re-union. Bitter devotees of
one or another party may oppose this effort to
restore peace and good will to a distracted coun
try and an alienated people, and heap impreca
tions on the heads of those who, preferring their
country to their party, have united in recom
mending it, but it cannot fail to receive the ap
probation of great numbers of tlie wise and pa
triotic; and, if we may believe that the councils
of men are ever directed by the Almighty, we
may reverently hope that His guidance and sup
port will sustain and direct those who are en
gaged in this noble work of reconciliation, and
Hi3 perfect wisdom show them the blessed path
of peace. [Cheers.]
The Radicals Checkmated.—The Nation
al Intelligencer, at Washington, thus exposes a
trick of the Radical party. It shows that the
President and Mr. Seward are as smart as Thad.
Stevens & Co.: “The message of the President
(it says) delivered to the House to-day, 26th ult.,
in response to the two resolutions in behalf of
the Fenians, sent to him yesterday, has rather
taken the wind out of the sails of the Congres
sional party. Tire resolutions were simply in
tended as a bid tor Irish votes, by manifesting
an extraordinary interest in the fate of the
recent Fenian raiders upon tlie border. It ap
pears, from the response of tlie President, that
the suddenly awakened auxiety of Congress in
reference to these unfortunate persons had long
been anticipated by the Executive, that the de
sired action in behalf of the Fenian prisoners in
Canada, and the Fenians indicted in tbe United
States courts for a breach ot tbe neutrality laws,
bad loug since been taken, without awinting for
the growth of Congressional sympathy in their
iavor. This purely electioneering artifice has,
therefore, not only failed in its design, but has
served to bring to the attention of the Fenians,
who are just bow so assiduously courted by the
Revolutionists, the fact that tiie President has
promptly, anu without suggestions from Con
gress or elsewhere, instituted proceedings fox the
release and relief of all the participators in
the Fenian raid, who had been placed in arrest
i on either side of the line.”