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‘ERROR CEASES TO BE DASGEROJJS WHEN REASON IS LEFT FREE TO COMBAT lT.”- = J/#»wn. VOLUME xrx. ATLANTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 23,1867. NUMBER 4. Ulcckli) Jutciliflcttcrr. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, Wednesday, January 23, 1366. !•! lil.lMlii I) DAILY AND WEEKLY BY JARED IRWIN WHITAKER, Proprietor. Mur Platform. Let the Southern people l»e sure to prodace, as they easily can, an atiuiidant supply of provi sions, manufacture their own limber and iron in to all tlio implements they need, s[»in and weave all the cotton they consume,and let only tliesur- jilus of the staple, if any, pass over to Lowell and Manchester, to be paid tor in hard cash. Let them do whatever may lie necessary to secure a free Republican State Government, and steadily refuse, by any dcljasing compliances, topurchase ilie privilege of enjoying their Constitutional rights in the Federal Vnion. 8o employed, let them manfully meet whatever destiny may be in store lor them, secure at least in the possession of their own self-respect. The Nashville Daily Gazette has placed at its- mast-head the foregoing patriotic sentiments as its platform; so do we, endorsing every word and letter of it as the true policy of the Southern States in their present irregular, anomalous con dilioti. Let the people of the South set out with determined resolution to produce their own pro visions, the first demand upon their industry and patriotism ; next to nianutncture their timber and iron—of whicli t here are abundant supplies—iuto all the implements they need ; then let them go to spinning ami weavmgall I he cotton and wool they have to consume, and let only the surplus of these staples pass over to Lowell or Manchester to be paid lor, not in cotton or woolen goods as has been the custom, hut in hard cash; and a change will ‘‘.soon come o’er the spirit of the dream” of those who have made Southern industry—not Southern enterprise, for that has been recklessly thrown away—tributary to Northern and Euro pean cupidity. Above all things, let the South ern people do all that may be necessary to secure a free Republican Government, eomiwsed of Stales in one common union, and steadily refuse, by any debasing compliances, to purchase, the privilege of enjoying their constitutional rights in the “Federal Union aud, tints employed, let them manfully meet whatever destiny may be in store for them, secure at least in the possession of their own self-respect! When this is resolved upon by the people of Did Southern Stales, then will they command the admiration of the civil ized world, and force even the most relentless of their radical persecutors to respect and accord to them their privileges and their rights. It is ab surd to reason otherwise. No people have ever yet bad their political rights conceded to therm who did not assert and contend for them. Over powered they may have been by arms, still they lose nothing by asserting their t ights and main taining their sell-respect by at least performing voluntarily no debasing act, tit the suggestion of the conqueror. So should it now he with the South. To industrial pursuits let our people turn their attention. To railroad and manufacturing enterprises; to the development of the mineral and mining resources of the several States ; to tin; culture of their great staple; to the raising of stock ftf every description; to the growing of the cereals lor bread and for feed; let them de vote iheuisclies earnestly! Prospering in pur suits like these, political rights will soon follow. Those which are denied now, will ere long he tendered. The North needs a Southern prosperity as well as the South it self. Statesmen of the lornier, high offi- cials in their government,acknowledge and assert this. Rut recently this was asserted by the Se cretary ot the United Stales Treasury, Mu. McUo'iLoen, who, as a statesman and financier, stands the peer ot any oflicial of them all. The piatform ot the Gazette, then, is also “ Ol'll l’l.AT- kukm," and it should l>e the platform of every Southern State. Standing upon it, weshall soon see better times. Rejecting it., and temporising, with precaution, will result in continued oppres sions and exactions until we shall not only lose the respect and influence which so vast a terri tory and its people should exercise in the govern ment, but ottr own self-respect and former regard for civil and constitutional liberty. From such a destiny may we all he delivered! Rut yesterday, as it were, there canto flashing over the telegraphic wires, the news that the Supreme Court of the United States had declared certain U st oath* unconstitutional. In this we see light breaking, and to souie extent intolerance and persecution suppressed. Who knows wliat another day, another mouth, may bring forth? Who knows what Unit “ sitbcr, second, thought may not produce ? People of the South, be pa tient in your endut mice, but be lirin in the main tenance of your honor! Obey the laws exacted for your government, but debase not your selves ! John ('. Brecklnriiljrc. The radical editors seem to have suddenly fal len in love with John C. Breckinridge, who for several years they denounced as a worse traitor than Jeff. Davis. They now like him so well, and have so much confidence in his wis dom and judgment, that they actually make him say things he never thought of, and then parade them at the head ot their colums iu double-lead ed brev tor, for the benefit of all lesser rebels, large numbers of whom are presumed to pore over the radical papers daily, as tlic only source from which political light and truth is to he de rived. Gen. Breckinridge has been recently made to say by these veracious sheets, that the terms o lie red the South by the Congressional majority, were of the most enlarged and mag nanimous character, conceived in the very bow els ot mercy aud compassion, and that tie [Gen. Breckinridge] is confounded at the wilful obsti nacy and blindness of the South iu uot joyously accepting them, and signifying its gratitude by a general jubilation throughout the ten unrepre sented Slates. Now, to he brief,aud uot to weary the reader with a matter of no great importance, Gen. Breckinridge never said it—never made the remark imputed to him, and is the last man to commend the South to do a thing which would compromise its honor and self-respect. An lMporUat Vtuaucial movement. We learn through a Washington paper that a few days ago Mr. Randall, of Pcuusy fvania, in troduced a bill into the House designed to grad ually do away with the national hauk system, ami also to provide means for liie gradual extinc tion ot the national debt, it proposes the issue ot $300,000,000 ot legnl tenders, *100.000,000 each year to bo used in the purchase of the se- ci.riries now held for the circulation of such hanks. These bonds, when purchased, to be constitute d a permanent siiiKiug fund. It K also Mated that the hill 1 tames the Secretary ol‘ the Treasury, Attorney General, Secretary of the Interior, Comptroller of the Currency, and lac* ’1 n. isurero! tlic United State*, :ts the Jive com bi i i.iiie.s ..I tlit sinking fund. “The Lesson* or Expcrinuce.” I The Plan of Operation* for the Impeach- . The Democracy of Connecticut. We tire not entirely hopeful that any amount I meut of the President. ( The following preamble and resolutions werp of writing, talking, or even preaching, would im- i The New York Ikraid has a characteristic 1 adopted unanimously by the Democratic State press our people with a proper i in porta nee of tlic : article aliout the impeachment movement. It • Convention, which assembled at New Haven, fact, that so long as they devote all their atkiUion, repudiates the idea that the movement is a ruse Connecticut, on the Sth instant: energies aud labor to the growth of one particu- guerre, or a sharp diversion against the ad- | \\ here as, It becomes a free and intcliigeyt lar plant, or to the building up of one single ■ ministration, and plainly assumes to he iu pos- ; people, justly jealous oi their rights and liber- brauch ol industry, so long will they be afflicted ! session ot information from \\ ashington which with that sense of dependence on other sections justifies the conclusion that Ashley’s resolution which so heavily embarrassed them through the ai 'd the pending inquiry of the Judiciary Com- ' mittee of the House are but the initial steps to a past. We have frequently copied articles from other journals into our columns on this subject, and more recently have published several origi nal papers bearing upon it, which we trust may have received some little attention at the bauds of the agricultural and industrial classes, who are certainly most interested. We extract to-day some facts from a letter of an experienced Mis sissippi planter, which appear to us to he valua ble and worthy' of attention. The writer speaks more particularly of his own immediate section, hut his facts are of sufficiently general applica tion to be of value even in Georgia. The letter dates from Columbus, Mississippi, and is address ed to the editors of the Memphis Avalanche : As we have gathered our crop, I propose to give you the result of our operations this year. A gentleman from Tennessee anil myself were planting together in this county. Owing to the* extreme wet weather in the spring and early part of the summer we were not able to cultivate our crop as well as we desired. We had to haul in the months of April, May and June, two thousand bushels of com three miles, with the same stock we used in cultivating our crop. We had also to haul eight thousand pounds of bacon fourteen miles. Our work stock was very infe rior, many of them being mules that were in use before and during the war. Notwithstand ing all these difficulties, we made *md saved a little more than three and a half hales of cotton, each w'eighing five hundred pounds to the hand. We gave our negroes one-third of the crop, and also furnished food and a portion of cloth ing to the laborers. This was perhaps too much, as a general rule. Our negroes w orked very well, considering they were free. No free ne groes ever will cultivate cotton and corn as well as the slaves did. Our com crop was not good. This was owing partly to the bad weather, but mostly from the fact that we neglected the corn to save the cotton from grass. I am now satis- fled that if we had planted one-third less cotton, and more corn, we would iiave saved nearly as much cottou and a great deal more corn, be cause we would have cultivated both better. We were more successful thau any of our neighbors, because we planted less cotton to the hand than they did. This was because they planted nearly all their laud in cotton. I am satisfied, from ex perience and observation, that those who plant large crops of cotton, to the neglect of corn, and expect to rely upon free negroes to cultivate tin m, will, in eight cases out of ten, fail. Six or eight acres of cotton to the hand is as much as can be made and saved on the uplands of Mississippi. Com is made with so much less labor than cot ton that all the land planted in com, after six acres are planted in cotton to the hand, is so much clear gain. The great difficulty with our people has been, and 1 fear w'ill continue to he, that they will devote themselves to cotton grow ing, to the neglect of other things, and if they do, ruin, even greater than the present, will come upon us. Cotton requires such continuous labor during the whole year, aud is subject to so many casu alties, that it is not safe to rely on it as the sole means of providing ourselves with the necessa ries aud comforts ot life. There is duuger that our own misguided policy may do us more injury than any mere' political movement. Since our cotton is heavily taxed, ought we not raise that whicli is not taxed ? As L have said before, the “ best and wisest protection which we pan have against high tariffs and high taxes on nir cotton, is to manufacture the cotton which we raise,” and, I might add, to produce the food which we consume. lf-wc escape general confiscation, then there is danger that the policy we have been pursuing, (and I fear will continue to pursue) will produce general starvation. In 18(H) this county pro- luced lilly-oife thousand hales of cotton, weigh ing each four hundred pounds. This year the product will not, 1 think, exceed fifteen thousand tour hundred pound hales, and a large portion ot this will he required to buy corn and meat. I think it very probable that Mississippi is iu a worse condition to-day, so far as the necessaries of life are concerned, than she was on the day of the surrender. It. is all owing, I think, to our at tempt to raise too much cotton, in which we have failed signally, aud change of policy cau alone save us—raise our own supplies, and let cotton be the surplus. Yours, truly, Wm. J. Sykes. Tlic ltellrrd Lint.' The following lias been given as the probable number of Southerners which Uie adoption of the .Constitutional Amendments will proscribe during the natural period of their lives: Rebel Executive, President aud Cabinet. S Rebel Congress 132 Governors and stalV 140 Rebel Legislatures 1,(550 State Judiciary, including the District and Circuit Courts ; aai Probate Judges 693 United States Judiciary 66 Marshals 22 Postmasters 8,525 Assessors and Collectors 100 Lighthouse establishments 7S Customs 64 Left National Congress 31 Left Regular Army 313 Loft Navy — Sheriffs 693 County Clerks 633 Add all lawyers, except as included above among Judges , 6,050 Add for clerks in Post-offices, Custom-house, Ac... 5,000 Add to cover Justices of the Peace 5,000 Total of above classes 23,743 Advances to Planters. The last General Assembly of Georgia, with a view to encourage advances to planters to ena ble them to make another crop, passed the fol lowing Lien law, to which we call the attention of merchants and factors: An act to give landlords a lien upon the crops of tenants, for stock, farming utensils, and pro visions, furnished such tenants for the purpose of making their crops; and to give factors and merchants a lieu upon the growing crops of furmers, for provisions, aud commercial mauures, furnished them tor the purpos’3 of making their crops. Sec. 1. The, General Assembly of tKe State of Georgia do enact. That from and after the passage of this act, that landlords may have, by special contract in writing, a lien upon the crops of their tenauts, tor such stock, farming utensils, and pro visions luruished such tenants, for the purpose of making their crops. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That factors aud merchants shall have a lien upon the gl ow ing crops of farmers, for provisions furnished, and commercial manures furnished, upon such terms as may be agreed upon by the parties. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That sncli lieus shall be enforced in the same way and man ner that liens are now enforced against steam boats in this State. Sec. 4. Repeals conflicting laws. Approved 15th December, 1S66. Important Law, An act to make the employment of anv servant whatever during his term of strvice illgal, and | declare the same a misdemeanor. SkCtios 1. The General AssemNy do enact, j That from and after the passage of this act it | shall not la 1 lawful for any p.rsou to employ any i servant in the employment of another for and J (.Kansas) Bulletin displays a staving United States during his term ot service, and it any person, flag at the head of its columns, and the lollow- deliberate purpose on the part of the republicans in Congress for the removal of President John son from office, and without any needless delay. The Herald further assumes that a plan of op erations has been deliberately agreed'upon as follows: The House Committee on the Judici ary will make up their report in favor of im peachment, and it will he adopted by the House before the close of the present session. A com mittee will then he appointed and instructed to go, in the name of the House, and impeach Andrew Johnson of certain “high crimes and misdemeanors” before the Senate, and demand his trial upon the charges preferred against him. The Senate will then postpone the matter to the meeting of that body in connection with the new House of Representatives on the 4th of March, for the reason that on that day the term of oue-thiril of the present members of the Senate expires, and ueiv members to a considerable ex tent, including several radical gains, will take their places. With this meeting of the 4th of March the Senate will first proceed to the elec tion of their presiding officer, and Benjamin Wade, of Ohio, it is supposed, will he chosen. Mr. Wade, therefore, as President of the Senate, in the event of the removal of Andrew Johnson, will become President of the United States un der an existing law ot Congress made in pursu ance of the Constitution. With this contingency thus provided for, the Senate next, as a high court of impeachment, Chief Justice Chase pre siding, will proceed to the trial of President Johnson upon the indictment ot the House and will push the trial rapidly forward, and, as it is believed by the prosecution, to ^lis conviction aud removal from office. The Herald also predicts, with its usual con fidence, that within two months from the com mencement of this trial, (if not with its com mencement) Andrew Johnson will be displaced aud Senator Wade will be promoted to the White House. It is well enough, perhaps, to remember, iu connection with this prediction, that hereto fore that journal has been very unfortunate in its political vaticinations—it frequently having de monstrated its right to rank with the class known as false prophets. We quote the conclud ing portion of the Herald's article entire: Rut for what ofiense is President Johnson to he removed by a vote of two-thirds of the Senate? The Constitution, article IV., section 4, says:—“The President, Vice President ancLall civil officers of the United Stales shall be re moved from office on impeachment for and con viction of treason, bribery or other high crimes aud misdemeanors.” We have heard of no ac cusations of treason or bribery against Mr. John son, hut iu these “other high crimes aud mis demeanors” of which the two Houses of Congress possess the power to judge him they have a wide latitude for a judgment against him, right or wrong. The Constitution does uot declare whether the President or auy other civil officer of the United States arraigned before the Senate on an impeachment shall Lie suspended from that point in the functions ot his oftice subject to the final issue of the trial; hut it is surmised that the Senate at the outset will take the responsibility of a decision upon this ques.ion. Anil here the danger is apprehended of a conflict and a violent shock to the financial world, resulting in a gene ral revulsion. The Secretary of the Treasury appears to he pursuing a policy—Greeley’s policy —in behalf of premature specie payments, cal culated ot itself to lead to a financial collapse, and therefore the greater the danger of this calamity with the opening or ending of thePres- i dent’s trial before the Senate. We can only admonish all parties concerned to trim ship for the coming gale; lor otherwise it may result in numerous shipwrecks. We are still in the midst of a great revolution, and the issues resulting from stieli a tremendous civil war as that from which we have just emerged are not to be settled in a day. Collateral Branch. At last advices the negro convention recently assembled at Washington hail not been dissolved iuto its original elements. It is now said its ses sions will he prolonged, at the request of the radical leaders, until after the impeachment trial, as the presence of such a body, while that inter esting drama is being gone through with, will, it is thought, strengthen the spinal column of the party, auu give great moral weight to the move nient. Indeed, it has been whispered in confi dential circles that Mr. Stevens, who was re cently a candidate for United States Senator from the great Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, has in serious contemplation the introduction into the House, at an early day, of a measure re cognizing the colored convention as a collateral branch of the legislative department of the na tional government, and providing that its exist ence shall lie co-equal with that of the Fortieth Congress, which will meet on the 4tli of March ensuing, anil sit, sans intermission, for the period of two years. This, however, may he a “bloody copperhead lie,” anil we tell it simply as ’twas told to us. Very Iliad, and Bather Indignant. A dispatch by the underground fine gives as a report current on the streets of Washington, that when Mr. Stevens, of Pennsylvania, discovered how genteelly he, and his right bower and next best friend, Forney, had been flanked in the Senatorial contest by Cameron, he grew intensely terrific, and swore more horribly in his individ ual capacity thau did our whole “ army in Flan ders.” It is seriously stated that the Great Com moner has not been in such a towering rage aud so furiously exercised since the day wherein those unregenenite sons of Belial, the rebels, ap plied the torch to his iron mill in Adams county. Don’t we, of the reconstructed phalanx, feel sorry for him—“ in a pig’s eye 1” A Mistake.—The New Y'ork Courier says: flie Democrats in the House of Representatives who voted the other day against an investigation looking to an impeachment, made a great mis take. Mr. Chaudler, of this city, had sense enough t j put himself right in the matter. Mr. Ashley preferred charges, aud though he did it in a theatrical way, and is a silly fellow, yet be ing a member of the House, it was proper the charges should be formally examined. The President has no fears of an investigation by that portion of Congress meeting in Washington, why should his friends vote against the resolu tion ? It should have been made a unanimous thing. The Next F.residency.—The Leavenworth g Presidential ticket: For President in 1S6S: ULYSSES S. GRANT. For 17ei-/7 evident : A MAX WE CAN TRUST. The Charleston Mercury save; The Bulkt-in iue lb‘.in !\ of i’lP Veil. ..'v county met ;n Iti iii-t., Hon. L. 11. But owing to the this on Mo . t /■ Fe • Iirrstoii o i tile n fact that sufficient notice cl n : been ;iveil of the ehange ot time from tliird Monday to second Monday iu January, a id jx-riinp- other reasons, the court \\ as adjourned \\ ithout transacting auy business, to the fourth Monday iu April by himself or agent shall be guilt)' of employing the servant of another during the term tor whicli he. she, or they, may he employed, knowing that sucii servant was so employed, and that Lis term of service Was not expired, or il auy ]kt- sou or is- .ns shall entice, persuade, or decor, or attempt to entice, persuade, or decoy any servant to leave his employer, either bv offering - „ ... ... . . . ^ . , . - higher wages, or in any'other way ‘whatever, ia a fit paper to nominate Giant, but it is a :rin£ lim term oi service, knowing thai said d&rd to tell who the Vice-President will be. m e - u;t was so employed, shall be deemed guilty i know a great raarrv men whom we Of J misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof l aad but few whom we can trust shah lie lined any sum not more than two huu- ^ died dollars, or corns noil in the common jail of/ the county in the discretion ot the court, and i uot to exceed three months. Bee. 2. Repeals cothcting laws. Approved loth December, 1366. j ties, to frankly aud fearlessly assert tlicir views upon all great and important public questions; ami Whereas, When armed resistance to the au thority of the United States ceased, each of the several States that had been in antagonism to the Government became, by the inhereut force ot the Constitution and the fundamental princi ples upon which our system of government is based, reinstated ami restored to all their rights and privileges; and Wiiereas, The President of the United States, by virtue of the authority vested in him by the Constitution of the United States, anti the laws in pursuance thereof, issued his proclamation de claring the war at an end ; and Whereas, The Congress of the United States demanded and accepted from said States the ex ercise of one of the highest duties devolving upon States, to-wit, an alteration of and amend ment to the Constitution ot the United States; and Whereas, The Supreme Court of the United States lias declared, “that if military government is continued after the courts are reinstated, it is a gross usurpation of power. Martial rule can never exist where the courts are open and in the proper and unobstructed exercise of their juris diction.” Therefore, Resolved, That each and all of the Skates that were arrayed iu armed opposition to the author ity of the Government of the United States, hav ing ceased such opposition, are now entitled to representation in the Congress of the United States, and to all other rights and privileges ap pertaining to the States of the Union. Resolved, That the Congress of the United States, in its persistent exclusion of the Senators and Representatives of said States; in its open and avowed determination to destroy the organ ization and subvert the authorities of said States,* violates and undermines the Constitution ot the United States, attacks the very principles that lie at the foundation of our system of Government, and strikes a fatal blow at the financial, commer cial aud industrial interests of “the entire people of the Union. Resolved, That the Congress of the United States, in all its legislation; in its act levying internal taxes upon all the States, including the said States expressly by name; in its act prescribing the number of Representatives in Congress for all the States ; in its acts submitting the Consti tutional Amendment abolishing slavery, to all the States; in its act of last Session, submitting another proposed Constitutional Amendment to all the States; in its joint resolution, passed witli almost entire unanimity, declaring the object of the war to be “to defend and maintain the supre macy of the Constitution, and to preserve the Union with all the dignity, equality, and rights of the several States unimpaired,” and in other acts, lias uniformly, from the commencement of the civil war to the present time, in the most de liberative manner, recognized said States as ex isting States, aud as States in the Union. Resolved, That the Executive Department of the United States, by its proclamations, its admin istrative action, anu in its diplomatic intercourse with foreign powers, has uniformly recognized all tiie said States as existing States in the union. Resolved, That the Judicial Department of the United States, including the Supreme Court at Washington, tlic Circuit Courts iu the several circuits, and the District Courts in their respec tive districts,has uniformly recognized the States as existing States, and as States in the Union. Resolved, That this repeated recognition of said States as existing States, and as States in the Union, by the executive, judicial and legislative departments of the Government, leaves no ques tion that the exclusion of these Stales from Con gress, governing them and taxing them without representation, is not a violation of the Federal Constitution in its most essential part, and ty ranny as defined by the Declaration of Indepen dence, but a most flagrant breach ot public faith, alike prejudicial to the best interests and to the honor of the country. Resolved, That in the Supreme Court of the United States, we possess a tribunal that maybe justly termed the bulwark of republican liberty, and, in the language of its eminent jurists, “ The Constitution of the United States is law tor rulers and people, equally in war and in peace, and covers With its shield of protection all classes of men under all circumstances. * * * No doctrine involving more pernicious conse quences was ever invented by the wit of man, than that anj' of i<s provisions can he suspended during any ot the great exigencies of govern ment. Such a doctrine leads directly to anarchy or despotism. Rut the theory of iieccxsit//, upon which this is based, is false, tor the government within the Constitution lias the powers granted to it which are necessary to preserve iis exist ence.” Thus the Supreme Court of the United States in 186(5 vindicates and sustains the positions as sumed and announced hy the Democracy ol Connecticut, iu convention in 1803. Resolved, That after solemn deliberation it is the opinion of this convention that the sugges tion of our conservative brethren of Kentucky, that a convention ot the Democracy and all Constitutional Union men of the thirty-six States should he called without delay by the National Democratic Committee; and we respectfully suggest that said convention meet in the city of New York on the 4tli day ot March next, to ad vise and counsel upon the great questions that now agitate the public mind ; to protest against the revolutionary and unconstitutional acts of the present majority ol Congress; to announce the determination of the conservative men of the Union; to resist and oppose, by constitutional exercise of power, the disorganization ot States aud the destruction of State authority. Resolved, That the thanks of every patriotic citizen are eminently due the President ot the United States for his repeated exercise of the Executive power iu behalf of the Constitution and the rights of the States ; and we pledge him our support in all his future efforts to the same noble end. Progress of Bailroad C onstruction in tlae United States. The Railroad Journal gives the following table of the progress of railroad construction from the year 1828, w'hen the only railroad in America was that belonging to the Quincy Company, ex tending from their quarry to tide-water in Bos ton harbor, to the commencement of the present year, 1867, when the United States, in the aggre gate, is traversed hy a longer length of track than is found, in all other parts of the world to gether; and if the equivalent single track be measured, the whole would girdle the earth at the equator with a double track fine: Year. Miles.. Year. Miles. 1S2S 3 184s 5,682 1S29 28:1840 6,350 1S30 41 1S5U 7.4 40 1831 51 1851 8,589 1832 131 1852 11,1127 1833 57«i 1853 33.497 1834 7*i2 1854 35.672 IS® 91S 1865 37.398 1S36 ..1.102 .1,421 22,625 1S3S 3,843 1S5S 25^090 1S39 1,926 1859 26.755 1840 .2,197 I860 28,773 .3,311’ i^>*l 1842 3,877 1862 33,760 1843 4,174(1863 32 473 1844 4,311 !5*>1 33,803 ..4,5*2*.' 1X5 34.442 1846 4.870 1866 35,383 Railroad Between New Orleans and Mobile.—The Picayune, of the 11th announces that steps have been taken to construct a railway between New Orleans and Mobile. Says that paper: Most of our readers will he surprised, and all be gratified to learn, that capitalists of ample means have united into a company which will, within fourteen months, construct the long need ed railroad hence to Mobile, bringing the Rigo- lets, aud placing the delightful coast towns ot Mississippi within two or three hour's ride from Canal street. Hardly any announcement could be more gratifying to our permanent residents, so many of whom do now and so many more would wish to enjoy the refreshing breezes and i invigorating baths at these places of resort, be- t trust, j s iJ c “the multitude of others who need such a i road for extensive travel and the transportation Southern Railroads.—S. E. Maxwell, cx- ! “ „ . _ . , ™ , . , j The Port of Apalachicola.—It is stated member of Congress from Florida, has been; ^ up Saturday last, only 10,24)0 bales of cot- • ton had been received at the port of Apalachico- l la. Last season the receipts were over 114,(XK». MEMPHIS CORRESPONDENCE. [SPECIAL TO THE INTK1J.1GENCER.1 Memphis and the Great Western Cities—Their Popula tion and Resources—Freedmen Moving—Unusually Large Number of Idle Ones in the BlnlT City—“Old Pap” Home again—Lieutenant General A. P. Stewart — Bishop qnintard—Rev. Dr. Mann, of Georgia—Itev J. R. Graves’ Baptist Paper to be Revived in Meiuphi —New Memphis Theater—Vestvali—A Hard Joke on Presbyterian Minister—“Our Sam’s” Caning, Etc.. Etc. Memphis, Jan. 14. 186 At the last session of the Tennessee Legisla ture the Metropolitan Police Act, for this city was so amended as to provide for the payment of the police force through the Board ot Mayor aud Aldermen—the Police Commissioners and the Mayor to constitute a committee to estimate the sum requisite for their yearly support, aud re port to the Board of Aldermen. At their meet ing some weeks ago for that purpose, they failed to agree, tlie commissioners demanding $150,000 which the Mayor thought too much. At the meeting of the Board, Mayor Lofland made the matter the subject of a special message, iu which he gives us the following information in relatiou to the population, police, eta, of the three great Western cities: “ SL Louis has a population of 220,000, a revenue of $1,500,000, and a police force of 218 men, costing $225,000; Chicago has a population of 200,000, a revenue of $1,750,000, and a police force of 200 men costing $240,000; Cincinnati has a popula tion ot 250,000, a revenue of $2,782,000, and pays her police department $250,000.” He then says we (Memphis) are called upon to pay $150,000 for the support of our police, while our population does not exceed 55,000, and our yearly revenue will not reach $700,000. Mayor Lofland could not but see this striking difference when com pared with the cities named above, aud very properly refused to agree to the amounts con tended for by the Commissioners, at the same time suggesting $100,000 as sufficient, or, at least, as much as our citizens were able or willing to pay for the support of the police department.— Tlie matter has been settled by the Board of Aldermen, by a compromise—$125,000 being the sum agreed upon for the support of Beaumont and his Metropolitans. I mention these faGts more particularly because tlie figures give inter esting statistical information, showing, as they do, the greatness and importance of these cities, which but comparatively a few years ago were unknown to the commercial or traveling public. Large numbers of freedmen are daily passing through the city on their way to the trans-Missis sippi States. The majority arrive by the Mem phis & Charleston Railroad, from points beyond Chattanooga. Many of them arc doubtless tlie same the Intelligencer lately mentioned as passing through your city. I notice also large crowds of them every morning collected around the various intelligence offices, apparently seek ing employment. Their labor is said to he in such great demand, this looks strange, and it is probable they are asking such terms as cannot he accorded them. They have, at least, become such a nuisance, iu blocking up the sidewalks, that the police have commenced the duty of in quiring into their intentions or means of liveli hood. We have a standing population of 25,- 000 of these newly-made citizens to look after, and it is hoped some means may he devised to induce the surplus now to be seen on the streets to follow the example of their more thrifty brethren who are passing through. Those who are so eager to have the privilege of voting can wend their way to the District of Columbia, where I hope enough of them may congregate to stink the last one of their white worshipers out of the halls of Congress. General Price passed up the river to St. Louis, on the Olive Branch last week. The bout did not reach our wharf until after bed-time, so that none our citizens had the opportunity of greeting the noble old hero. I am glad to see that he lias safely arrived at St. Louis, and by this time he is probably among tlie old friends and neighbors of his former home. Ifo comes, with his family, to stay, and already a shout of welcome lias gone up from every Southern heart that lie has deter mined to cast hjs lot with the people he loves so well. Lieutenant-General A P. Stewart, who has been pardoned l>y the President, and who is so well and favorably known as a corps commander iu the Army of Tennessee, has lately become a resident of this city: In connection with a broth er, who ranks among one of the best scholars in the city, he lias opened a high school for boys. Bishop Quintard has accepted the rectorship of St. Lazarus parish, Rev. J. W. Rogers resign ing, that he may devote his whole time to the in terests of St. Lazarus College. Rev. Dr. Mann, so long known as a member of the Georgia Methodist Conference, has with in tlie past two weeks taken up his residence in this cilv as pastor of the First Methodist Church. His congregation is highly pleased with him, and 1 know liis Georgia friends parted with him with great regret. The celebrated J. R. Graves is now in tlie Eastern cities procuring material for establishing a Baptist publishing house in this city. He will also revive his paper at an early day, the first two numbers of which, I learn, will probably be published in New Y’ork. Yestvali is creating a perfect furore at the new Memphis Theater. Friday night—the oc casion of her first benefit—the house was jammed from pit to dome, and hundreds had to go away, being unable to obtain even standing room. She is undoubtedly a fine tragedienne, though her broken English detracts considerably from the effect sought to be produced on an American audience. Her very large size and masculine voice and appearance causes one who sees her in the part of “ Angelo,” in “ Bel Demonio,” to entirely forget he is listening to one of tlie femi nine gender. In this connection I will tell a good joke on a Presbyterian divine, in this city. It is an actual oc currence, and hardly to be looked upon as a joke —rather, it would seem to cause erroneous im pressions as to the honest piety of the popular minister: A young man, a few nights ago, in making his confession, preparatoiy to becoming a member of the church, hesitated to renounce attending theatrical performances, whereupon the Rev. Mr. D. modified the obligation (for his particular benefit) so that he could attend such places whenever a “ star ” was announced. He probably was not aware that, in this city, that was equal to giving the new Christian license to gratify his desire in that way nearly every night in the season, hat in any event, the circumstance will go far to injure him in the eyes of the world as a true man of God. The Presbyterian confes sion of faith, I understand, does not prohibit the attendance of members at such amusements, but the Rev. Mr. D. had added this prohibition for the good (?) of Lis immediate flock. I sympathize deeply with “our Sam.” in his caning. I know he deserved it. Weather warm and cloudy—river lower than I ever noticed it. J. B. L. The Territorial Plan. It was announced a few days ago by telegraph that Mr. Ashley would present the hill agreed upon l>y the Territorial Committee as a substitute for Mr. Stevens’ hill. Ii is said this hill “abolishes the present Southern State governments, and all laws made in pursuance tiiereof; calls upon all male citizens, over twenty-one years of age, who can swear they would not have aided the rebel lion after the 4th of March, 1864, and would have complied with the President’s proclamation of the Silt of December, 1863, if the opportunity had been offered them, and who can swear that they never ill-used Union soldiers, and will hence forth bear true allegiance to the government, to organize constitutional governments in their respective States, and calls for conventions in the Southern States, composed of delegates who cau swear that they never voluntarily aided the re bellion in any way. These conventions shall determine if they will accept the terms proposed by Congress, and if so, shall appoint commis sioners to provide for holding elections to adopt the new Constitution, elect State officers, and prepare for admission into tlie Union. Every constitution shall provide against slave ry. All laws shall he impartial regarding the race or color. The rebel debt shall not he paid, nor the loss from the emancipation of slaves.— Free schools without distinction of color of pu pils shall he established. No person that held civil, military, or naval office in tlie Confederate States, shall be allowed to hold any office, except by a two-thirds vote of tlie Legislature. In case of rebellion Congress shall have the right to de clare the cessation of relations with the rebellious States, until the State is thoroughly purged of its disloyalty. These constitutions must bo ratified by a majority of tlie people of tlie States who cau take the oath of loyalty utter the ratification of the constitution. Senators and Representa tives shall ho elected, but not admitted until Congress declares the State entitled to represen tation. It further provides that in cadfe the States decline to accept these terms they shall submit to Congress a plan of restoration, providing said plan acknowledges the Constitution of the Uni ted States as the supreme law of the land ; that State constitutions shall guarantee to all freed men equal rights before the law, and that suf frage shall be impartial, without regard to race or color. Tlie rebel war debt and compensation for slaves shall not be assumed by said States, or claims be brought against the United States for them. All laws recognizing slavery, or which exclude the testimony of person^ of color, or deny them the rights of trial hy a jury, or make color a distinction, shall he null and void ; also, that provisional governments may suspend the writ of habeas corpus iu case of resistance to tlie authority, aud call on the government for aid. Tlie hill is also said to contain a proposition to divide Texas into two States before admission into tlie Union. The whole thing is infamous iu its inception and details, hut it will probably be late in the season before the measure becomes a law, and, if passed, still later before its provisions as stated above will he put into practical opera tion. Tlie Cotton Trade—Prospects of High Brices. :V New Orleans correspondent of tlie Mem phis Avalanche says: “Tlie half of the cotton that will passthrough tliis city lias been received. Many persons esti mate the receipts at two-thirds of the full un.>imt. The favorable foreign advices of the >ast few days luive produced a lively market, md increased the activity on change and general ransactions on Canal street. Anew philosophy seems to have entered into the spirit qf calcula tion here within the last few days. Last week the impression prevailed that cotton would not go beyond thirty-five cents at anytime; now tlic idea obtains that it will reach forty cents or more before next Spring. You may have noticed the reason ot this in the advices from India. The lotnbay planters have determined to bull the lisli market. Factors there tire standing aside, quietly awaiting a collapse in the recent xtravagant prices of Eastern cotton. That the India cotton crop has largely failed, was owing to easily recognized causes. Last year the enor mous priees that ruled for all classes cotton, in- luced every one to plant that staple. This was done to the utter neglect of rice and other cere- ls, the production of which is absolutely neces sary to the sustenance of that people. Havii-g thus neglected to provide for living, famine en sued, and as a consequence of this, tiie laborers, on cotton plantations had to abandon the fields. Many thousands died. The crop was lost for want of cultivation. A short and comparatively small crop of Egyptian and India cotton is the result. To make up the requisite supply for tlie usual consumption, all the cotton in America will bo required, and then the airyiunt will not nearly equal the demand. The supply being short and the demand absolute and large, prices must reach much greater figures. However, it will he prudent for those of our people who cau retain their cotton for a few months, to do so.” Tlie Snprcuic Court. At the Eighth of January Banquet at Wasli- iugton, Judge Jeremiah S. Black, ex-United Slates Attorney General, responded to the toast, The Supreme Court.” In the course of his re marks he said, in allusion to the recent decision: A great truth, on which tlie safety of society and the security of individual rights must depend, is in its nature indestructible. Y'ou may crush it to-day, hut it will reappear and vindicate itself to-morrow. On the other hand, nothing is so evanescent or so fickle as the passions that spring from the interests and the prejudices of the hour. Let the lessons of history be heeded. Titus Oates, Bedloe, aud Dangerfield enjoyed a tar greater measure of popular confidence than ever was bestowed on Mr. Holt, Mr. Conover, Mr. Campbell, alias Hoare, or hy all the officers, agents, spies, delators, and witnesses of the mil itary bureau put together. They—I mean Oates and"company—were loudly applauded in Parlia ment; they were tlie former favorites of the Brit ish people, and they were the very darlings of all the political preachers. They held the fife and honor of the nation iu their hands. If they hut pointed a finger at an individual, lie was doomed, and no purity of previous character, no proof of innocence, however clear, could save him from destruction. Such was their overflowing pros perity one year; b»it before the next came round those wretched miscreants were howling at the cart’s tail, under the lash of the public execution er, and the whole population ot London was clapping its hands with joy. Let the man who puts his trust in a false popularity beware of the rebound which is sure to come, sooner or later. It is written down among the unchangeable de crees of Almighty God that no lie shall live for ever; and especially is this true of ajgreat, mon strous, bloody lie like this which the Supreme Court has put iLs broad foot upon. What Bid General Brant Say • The above question appears to he absorbing some of the attention of the public press. In deed, it is rare to pick up a paper from the North or West without finding several paragraphs about wliat General Grant said or did on this or that occasion. \\ e do i.ot usually attach much weight to after-dinner speeches, when the third or fourth bottle has been sounded, nor is it likely that General Grant, or “any other man” of ordi nary sense, would avail himself of such an op portunity to enunciate his opinions upon leading political measures, with a view to have them reach the public through tlie questionable instru mentality of a newspaper correspondent who was probably au unbidden guest at the “feast of reason aud flow of soul” which is said to be a peculiar feature of such occasions. Nor do we regard it at all important whether the statement below had any foundation, or was simply manu factured by the correspondent of tlie Cincinnat Gazette, who furnishes it as the substance ol a conversation alleged to have taken place at the dinner-table of Secretary Seward, in tlie presence of the Radical delegation from Arkansas, who visited Washington to have their State set back iuto a territorial condition. It is enough for us to know, which we do from a source that admits of no contradiction, that the Judicial aud Execu tive departments of the Government are in wise and happy accordance upon all questions involv ing reference to the Constitution, and that Gen eral Grant will obey all orders, not in violation of that instrument, emanating from the Presi dent, who is Commnnder-in-Chief of tlie army aud navy of the United States. Tlie following is the version of what General Grant said, on the occasion alluded to, as fur nished by tlie correspondent of the Gazette : “ General Grant, who was very reticent in po litical matters, frankly stated to them he knew nothing of political attairs and was totally igno rant of tlie sophistries of politicians. Regarding the constitutional amendment, the general de clined to express any opinion as to its justice, constitutionality or expediency, but said lie would like for at least one Southern Slate to adopt it, as au experiment, to see if its Senators and Re presentatives would be admitted to seats in Con gress ; at the same time expressing the opinion that they would be admitted. He also stated that at the commencement of Congress he urged prominent members,- if they intended to make the adoption, on the part of the Southern States, ot the amendment tlic condition precedent ot re-admission, they ought .to pass a resolution to that effect, solemnly pledging Congress to receive the Senators and Representatives into that body. Il they did not take some such step, they could not expect ihe Southern people to take a step that might he preliminary to others that would lead them they know not where. On the negro suffrage question lie was more decided, slating tiiat he believed that was a question that should hs left wholly and entirely with the people of the several States; that Congress, in his opipion, had no right to interfere in that matter; and emphatically declared if the question came up in Illinois, and he were there to vote, he would certainly vote against it. But he said, smiling, if he were in the Southern States, he believed lie would vote for it, for he was satisfied that lie could march the negroes up to the polls and vote them as he pleased, anil would thus be gaining instead of losing political power.” State matters. elected President of the Pensacola & Montgom ery Railroad. The Macon and Brunswick Railroad.— The Brunswick Courier annonnees that the Pres ident of the above named road has purchased lorly-tliree miles of iron, which Is enough to lay the track to No. 7, fir the initial point on the Sa vannah and Gulf Railroad. It says, also, that Colonel Robertson, the engineer of that division, is there, and vigorously pushing the survey, which will be completed in a veiy few days. Another Fire at Nashville. Anollicr large fire occurred at Nashville on the night of the 15th. We copy the particulars from the Nashville Press and Times of the 16th: The scene of destruction was the large brick business building on the corner of College and Broad streets. This was three stories high, and Contained two store rooms, which ran back a length of one hundred and twenty feet. The building was owned by Mr. T. II. Mitchell and Mrs. Bradfute, and is almost a total loss. The first room was occupied hy S. 15. Spurlock & Co., who had, not long since, bought out the stock of Mr. J. J. McCann, and who had a heavy amount ot groceries and provisions in their establish ment. About two-thirds of this was saved, hot iu a damaged condition. Their loss will reach about $12,000. j The next room, to tlie East, was that of A. | Mover A Co., wholesale grocers, who had a large j stock, which was a total loss. It was in this ‘ store that the fire originated, in the front part of the room near, and probably from the stove, ; burning up to the frent doors, prevented any | portion ot the goods being saved. Swi Lager.—The Nashville retail dealers in lager beer have reduced the price from ton to five cents a glass. WE learn, through the Southern Recorder, that Governor Jenkins has sent circulars to the Jus- Rices of the Inferior Courts of the several coun ties in the State, informing them that under the law of tlie last Legislature, giving him discre tionary power on the subject, that he will in fu ture “reluse to receive, and wifi not send lor any convicts sentenced to labor on public works or in tlie chain-gang.” Our MiUedgeville cotemporary says, thus it becomes at once the duty of the Inferior Courts to provide suitable places for the safe keeping of all convicts, and to make provisions for their sup port by the county, and to employ such overseers or guards as may he necessary for their safe keep ing. The courts have power under the law to hire out or bind out such convicts to contractors on tlic public works, or to individuals upon such terms and restrictions as shall suhsel vc the ends of justice; and for such purposes, any two or more counties may combine, keep and work to gether sudli convicts upon such public works anywhere in the State, as they may agree upon. The Augusta Constitutionalist gives the fol lowing case, decided in the Superior Court in that city on Tuesday: J. Ross Weisiger vs. .Jack- sou Smick. This suit was brought to.recover money, the proceeds of the sale of horses, pro perty of plaintiff, in 1861. The defense set up was that the animals were sold for Confederate notes, and that before defendant had au oppor tunity to account to plaintiff, said Confederate notes became worthless. These allegations were not in evidence, however. Verdict for plaintiff of sixteen hundred dollars. H. W. Hilliard for plaintiff, and J. C. & C. Sneed for defendant. The same paper is requested to state, for the information of those who may be interested, that tlie remains of Colonel Taylor, and private Thompson, both of the 53d Georgia Regiment, are buried in tlic front yard of Mr. R. II. Arm strong, near Knoxville, Tennessee. Exchanges, hy noticing this, may convey important informa tion to the friends of the deceased. Tins store of W. T. Robinson, in Blakely, Early county, was destroyed hy fire early on the morning of the 5th instant—work of incendia ries, loss $8,000, no insurance. The office of the Early County News is offer ed for sale, provided application be made before the first day of March. It is said to he a paying establishment. Public Acts. An act embracing the following provisions was passed by the General Assembly of Georgia at its recent session : Section L Tlie Genera! Assembly of the State ot Georgia do enact, That from and after the passage of this act, it shall not be lawful for any person to bathe in any stream or pond of water on the Sabbath day, in view ot any road or pass way leading to and from any house of religious worship. Section IL Be it further enacted, That any person violating the first section of this act shall he considered guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereoi, shall he fined in a sum not exceeding five hundred dollars, or imprisonment in the common jail of the county, at the discre tion of the court, not exceeding six months. Section III. Repeals conflicting laws. Approved 13th December, I860. Also, an act to add an additional section to the 4tli division, part 4th, title 1st of the Code. Section L The General Assembly of the State of Georgia do enact, That if any father shall willfully and voluntarily abandon his child, or children, leaving them in a dependent and desti tute condition, such father shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof, shall he punished as lor other misdemeanors. Approved 13th December, 1866. And the following: Section L Be it enacted by the General As sembly of the State of Georgia, That the Justices of the Inferior Court of the several counties of this State shall have, and are hereby invested with, the power to fix the fees of jailors for dieting prisoners confined iu jail on any ground whatever. Approved 12th Decern her, 1866. Death of a Distinguished Virginian.— Samuel Chilton, Esq., of Fauquier county, Vir ginia, died at his resilience at Warrenton, on Monday last, after a protracted illness, in the G-!d year of his age. lie was an able and dis tinguished lawyer, and once represented the District in which he lived in the Congress of the United States.