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tUrrkli) Jotrlligrnrrr ATLANTA. GEORGIA- Wednesday* March 23. !870. *• Hlatsiicn*,” We are gratified to aee that this "writer has, after an interval ol some month or more, re named the publication of his u Notes on the Railway Situation in Georgia.” In to-day’s iesue of the Intkllioenckr we transfer liis “ Fourth Number,” in which the reader will see the cause of the suspension, followed by a brief summary ol his three previous numbers, and which, to those of our readers who have not pernsed them, will be interesting, inasmuch as it comprehensively gives the substance of what the latter embraced, and will prepare them for that which follows In the number presented for their conaideration in these columns this morn ing. We have heretofore expressed our appre ciation of the ability of this writer, and the atrictly, if permitted to use the phrase, histori cal truth of his notes on the railway system of our State, as contemplated thirty odd years ago by the great minds of that day, aud which, steadily persisted in, and liberally sustained “ by our own people, built by their own hands, and paid for by their own hard-earned money and honest sweat," made Georgia what she emphat ically was ten years ago, the Empire State of the South.” Any innovation upon that system calculated tc damage either the State Road or the other great lines of railway in the State, the fruits of it, ought not to rcce've encourage ment or pecuniary aid from the Slate. It North ern companies see money in them, let them lur nish their own money to construct them; but even then the Legislature ought to be wary how it grants charters to build new lines of railway that may possibly injure those already in exist ence and in practical operation, and which are either the State’s property or that of her own people. But to the views of “ Historicus,” on this and other topics connected with it, we refer the reader, who will, we leel confident, rise from the perusal ol his “ Number Four edified and convinced that be is on the,right line, and writes in the interest of Georgia and her peo- * Pie. ^ An Interesting Letter Picked Up. The heavy March winds of yesle.rJay blew iuto the possession of a friend the following in teresting document, which for its richness we publish, saving the original manuscript lor ‘‘Jake,” the writer ol it,'should he think proper to chU for it • Atlanta, March 17,1670. My Dear Pinch : I was somewhat surprised this morning when 1 read your letter in the * * dated at Washington, March 12,1870, and s - gned “Argus." Notwithstanding this” nomdejilume” I recognized at once my old associate, and I could uot resist the temptation ot a little chat with you in inomory of days “ lang syne.” Everything here is in a terrible state ol excite ment, and the political cauldron is boiling last and furious. Nolhiug is heard except: IIus the Georgia bill passed ? Has Bingham’s amend ment been deieated? etc., eic., which interroga tories are ^repeated with all sorts of variations from ‘‘morn till dewy eve.” We hope for the best but arc prepared lor the worst. The Radi cal crew which now control the State are like Atcjor Joe Bogstock, “ rough, tough and devlish sly.” You see their manouvrea in Washington, and can judge of their influence. I tell you, Doc, they are a bad set. But let them go. 1 was glad to see in your letter this morning that yon gave our friends of the * * * * some few hints iu regard to getting up your telegrams with appropriate heads. They need some little judicious advice. ‘'Hemp’’is a good fellow—lie means to do well and to make money out ol his paper—but “Ike” is young and inexperienced. He has an idea that he is "some pumpkins,” and that his advent into journalism is about to revo lutionize the whole newspaper business. Since he became editor he has grown very dignified, and you would have no doubt, could you see him now with gold spectacles, hair every which- way, and eyes in a fine frenzy rolling, that the mantle of all the “ deceased worthies of the fourth estate had fallen on his shoulders. Give him some twenty years experience, eminent ad visers, and n small degree of wisdom, and he will yet be able to obtain position as market re porter for the New York Hera! J; and then there is Wiild—(by the by, Doc, do you remember that night, when he brought ns a letter ol intro duction from Augusta, what a stench puv ided the room and wo thought that a gas pipe had bursted, and never discovered until after his re tirement, that it came from Whid’s breathing apparatus,) well, Whid docs the best he can ; but poor tellow, he was never iulcnded for a local—he is too sleepy ; aud so the only paper in the State which we can claim as our expo nent, is getting very dull. By-tue-by, Doe, that was an unkind cut in denying that you were their telegraphic correspondent. Blow them up, my dear boy, and let us see it we cannot iu- tuse some life into the concern, and make the “ dry bones live.” As 1 said before, I was glad to see that you gave them some hints about sen sational headings to your telegrams. Make them do it. The Era, (a miserable black Re publican sheet,) is gctiing way ahead of them, and they must keep up. I liked your picture of “Radical blood houuds” dying “ at the throat of defenseless Georgia,” and “ strangling” her, etc. Now, there is some vim in that; even the “crackers” can appreciate such a picture, for it will bring back to their memories the time when they used to hunt nig gers, and sometimes llie poor nigger would be torn to pieces by the dogs, but it was good sport. Just keep such “pictures” before the p, o,<V and it will revive old memories and make them cling still closer to the “ lost causeand then again in regard to the slander mill, l tell you D u-, it is a most damnable institution, but bclwet u you and I, there is a heap more truth in what it grinds out than there is in the dispatches rigned “ Ruck," or "Argus,” or ‘.‘Dalton." Don't you think so? Our friend Reese of the Macon Tele graph was ofiered a positiou ou that machine, but so far has not signified his acceptance. His friends, however, know that lie Is emi nently grateful lor the position. You say Blod gett has uot inquired alter you lately, and that reminds me, Pink, about that little matter be tween us. I suppose you remember that it is still unsettled. Probably Blodgett may hold oue of those small pieces of paper bearing your autograph, and commencing on demand 1 prom ise, Arc., and, like myself, bas become tired of * inquiring after Argus.” it do uot want to press upon you, but 1 am hard up now, and hope you will remit amount of at least one due bill, especially if you get that eottou claim. Treasurer Angier did return home; but alas! as soon 03 he got here be found the most urgent cry Jbr help awaiting him. His office was opeu long enough while he was here for him to draw check*, and then he hied him away again to" Washington; and 1 suppose Bryant, B wles and Angier are now together agaiD. Oh, h r a Notes on ibe Railway sitaatlon In fisar- (ia—Hamfetr Foir. Mc.'srt. Editor» Macon Telegraph and Messenger : , The excitement consequent upon the re-as sembling of the Legislature in January, and the extent tq which the newspaper press and the people generally were occupied with the discus sion of the last phase of reconstruction, made it necess&iy, in my judgment, to discontinue,for the time being, my Notes on the Railway Situa tion in Georgia. The public mind having set tled down to its normal condition, however, it is my purpose now to resume the work I had laid out, and to continue it until I shall have said all that I desire to say at this time. In order to refresh the recollection of the reader, it may not be improper to re-state the positions established in the three preceding numbers of the Notes on the Railway Situation. This will enable him to preserve the connection and appreciate the argument at its true value, whatever that may be. L It was shown that the public mind was deeply concerned thirty-five years ago with the subject of railways, plank roads aud canals. The great problem presented for solution at that early period, related to the most practicable means and route for opening up communication between the 8outh Atlantic and the North west, and between the South Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico and the lower Mississippi. Id the outset, the proposed Charleston & Cincin nati Railroad, met with most favor among those who were seeking a connection with the North west. The people of Georgia succeeded, how ever, in defeating that project, and in having the great railway lines, leading from the sea at Sa vannah and Charleston, to pass diagonally across the State to Atlanta, and thence to the Tennes see river at Chattanooga, and on to the Ohio and Mississippi. For reaching the Gulf and the lower Missis sippi, side lines were thrown ofl to the Westward from Macon and Atlanta, and a connection formed with the Alabama railroads at Colum bus and West Point. The Southwestern and Atlantic & Gulf railroads point in the same di rection, their ultimate object, after meeting the wants of our own people, being to establish a close connection between the ports of the At lantic and Gulf of Mexico. 2. It was shown further that the railroad lines here indicated, with their branch reads, consti- tued the railroad system of Georgia as it existed at the close of the war. Savannah and Savan nah river was the base of the system. To reach the Tennessee and the northwest we had the Central, the Macon & Western, the Georgia and the State railroads. To reach the Chattahoochee and the Gulf, we had the Atlantic & Gull, the Central, the Southwestern, the Georgia, and the Atlantic and West Point roads. These railways with their side lines, formed our system of rail roads, and were capable ot transacting all the business of our people. As wa9 stated in a former number, there was a railroad running through 71 ot the 132 counties in the State, and in sever al instances there were two or more railroads through one counfy. The greater part of the forty-lour other counties were within twenty- five miles of a railway, and there were ODly seventeen counties in the State which were not within twenty-five miles of a railroad then already built, or soon to be built. 3. It was shown in the third place, that our railway system was capable of development and expansion to any desirable extent. The tracks ot all our roads being ol the same guage, and all connected, a train starting from Savan nah, Eufaula or Chattanooga, could run to any other point in the State reached by a railroad ; and those portions of our territory which lay remote from the main lines, could have been ear ily reached by branch roads, without disturb ing the system or injuring the original compa nies. Thecountiesin Northeastern Georgia, for example, which had fewer railway facilities than any other part of the State, could have been easily and naturally reached without injury to the Georgia road, by the extension of the Washington branch to Elberton and Hartwell, and by the extension of the Athens branch to Clarkesviile or Dahlonega, or by the present Air Line railroad. Other northern aud northwest ern counties could have been aided by side lines thrown of! at convenient points from the State road, without damage to the latter, just as the southwestern counties had been pene trated and relieved by the Southwestern road and its admirably located branch lines. The couuties on either side of the Central, the Macon and Western, and the Georgia roads could have been reached in the same safe and satisfactory way, without hurt to any existing iuterest; while all Southern Georgia and North ern Florida could have had evc$y needed facil ity afforded them by short lateral roads running out from the great Atlantic and Gulf trunk road. The natural field for this latter road, as was shown, is the southern tier of counties in this State, the northern tier of counties in Florida, and the southeastern counties in Alabama, with such business as would naturally flow down to it through the Altamaha, the Flint and the Chattahoochee rivers. Waen it pisses beyond this wide and inviting field, it come9 in compe tition with other old and meritorious lines, to the injury ot all of them. These great railway trunk lines were analo gized by the Mississippi and its tributaries. Those tributaries drain a vast region of territory not reached by the great river itself, and the produce floated down them to the Mississippi finds its natural aud easy outlet by the Father of Waters to the sea. So with the railway system devised by our predecessors. By constructing side lines at convenient points on the trunk roads, they could be made to answer every pur pose subserved by the tributaries to the Missis sippi. Every section of the State might be penetrated, aDd a cheap and expeditious com munication opened up to the people and their produce. The streams ot trade and travel, taking their rise in the mountains and remote parts ot the State, would gradually grow and swell in volume, until they reached the main lines or channels, into which they would poor their rich and varied contributions, to be trans ported still more rapidly and cheaply to the great centres and marts of trade. 4. It was shown, lastly, that this system was established and these roads were projected by our own people, and built by their own hands, and paid for by their own hard earned money and honest sweat, and that they are owned almost entirely by Georgians, and the widows and or phans of Georgians. The State road was built at the public expense—that is, by the tax-payers ot Georgia, and a subscription was made by au thority ot the Legislature to the Atlantic & Gulf road. These were believed to be exceptional cases, though it remains to be seen, if not by us, at least by our posterity, whether this departure from the role of leaving nil matters of a merely business character to private enterprise was wise or unwise. This much by way ot refreshing the recollec tion of the reader. Let ns now resume our his torical review of the railroads in Georgia. IV hen the Central, the Georgia and Monroe panics knew and acknowleged the value of a pas sage hrough the mountains. The policy at that time was lor the State to bnild a part, and the pri vate companies a part of a great railroad line from the northwestern section of Georgia to the south eastern seciion at Savannah, and also lines to Augusta and Columbus, uniting wiln the navi gable stream which bound the State on the east and on the west. Columbus failed to meet the State work. Mifledgeville never made the at tempt. The lines trom Savannah, Macon and Augusta, and the State road, were completed and joined, after years of labor and expenditure ot many millions of dollars. Thus was begun and established, as we have heretofore seen, the basis of a railway system for Georgia. The State built its road but never redeemed its pledge to the private companies, who had to rely solely on their own limited means. it may well be asked, whether the companies between Savannah and Atlanta, and between Augusta and Atlanta, would have been able to accomplish their work, or would even have be gun it, if it had been imagined that the State would ever in coming time grant aid to bnild railroads as rivals to or competitors with their lines. And it may truly be answered that they never could. The system so established was soon greatly improved by individual enterprise. The East Tennessee Georgia road, the R ime road, the Atlanta & W est Point road, the Muscogee road, the Augusta & S ivannah road, the side roads to Milledgeville and Eatonton, to Athens, to Wash ington and to Tdomsston, were built in perfect harmony with the system. The Southwestern road leading to Albany, to Fort Gaines and to Eutauia, harmonized with the system. The At- 1-mtic & Golf n.ad, and the Brunswick & Flori da road, as originally projected, were in accord ance withit. These roads, with such other side lines as might become necessary in the future, constituted almost a perfect system. Certainly no other State in the Union could then present a better one. A road running due South from Albany to Tallahassee, aud on to the eastern end ot St. George’s Sound on the Gulf, where there is said to be a good harhpr, would have improved the sys'em. This r iad would have crossed the Atlantic & Quit road about midway between Tbomasville and Baiubridge. and would have put the Gult ot Mexico, Middle Florida and our Southw< stem counties in easy and di rect communication with the interior ot the State, and our whole system ot ra dreads. For some years preceding the war, a system atic effort was made through the Legislature to disturb, if not to break up, the railway system here set forth and described. This was to be done by committing the Slate to the policy of general State aid to railroad enterprises. Aid was sought for one enterprise and then for an other, and the most specious reasons were of fered tor each one of them. The great majority of our people, however, turned their faces like flint against a policy which was at once so haz ardous and so unjust. In those day9 our pros perity was unexampled in any part of the world. Peace prevailed in all our borders; -money was abundant; our labor was efficient and reliable; our crops requiring transportation were almost twice as heavy as they are now, and if there was any need of increased railway facilities, it was greater then than now, on account ot the larger Weighting and passage business then offering. But this business, heavy as it was, was easily performed by the then existing railroads, and as these roads had nearly all been constructed by private capital, the Legislature, then happily free from the rule of bayonets and aliens, stead ily refused to embork upon the dan gerous career to which it whs so persistently invited. It is only since the war that this wise policy has been abandoned. In our better, and purer, and more prosperous days, when public offices were bestowed upon men of integrity and ability, when our Legislature was free from the suspicion of corruption, and the bench was oc cupied by judges whose character and attain ments lifted them high above the multitude—in those happier times, when Justice, Wisdom and Moderation were the motto of our State gov ernment and the rule of conduct among our people—it was deemed wisest and best by all concerned to leave to individual enterprise and capital the work of constructing internal im provements and opening up avenues ot trade and travel, and developing the resources of our rich and teeming soil. What, it may be asked, has produced the change in this respect, which is now so pain fully manitest in the conduct of our public affairs ? Is there anything in the general con dition ot the country to authorize it ? Is our State government more firmly fixed and more wisely administered ? Are our people richer and our crops larger, that rail way transporta tion cannot be provided fast enough without calling in the aid of the lax-payeisot the State? Is there anything in the financial condition ot the State and the people to justify the fatal policy into which both are now sought to be dragged ? The idea seems to be getting possession of the public mind that the State, if secured be yond all doubt, may endorse the bonds of railroad companies to any extent, without danger to the public weal. Nothing could be more erroneous. Let it be admitted, for the sake of argument, that through the personal responsibility of the stockholders, fastened upon their whole pro perty as a mortgage, or by other means the State could not lose by its endorsement, and yet it is plain that public wealth might be greatly im paired by the grant of the State’s credit. Rail roads which do not pay are injurious to the pub lic welfare. If capital, whether furnished by the State or by individuals, be buried without hopes of return, the public wealth is lessoned by the sum of that capital. Other interests, agri cultural, mechanical and miscellaneous, have so much of the public means abstracted from them, and thus double injury is inflicted on the peo pie. Railroads which do not pay will never be kept in order, and cannot, for any length of time, be kept at all by the original owners. They may be sold under execution, and thus come into the hands of new owners at so low a figure as to be revived, and be remunerating. But in such case the capital of the projectors is forever, and its flight can be traced only by the tears ot rained men and women. There is something exciting in the idea of competition and riva’rv. In no department of the busy world is this excitement stronger than in the matter of transporting passengers and produce hy means of railways. In many of»hc States north of us, experience has shown v/hat evils spring from too great encouragement of competition. The general blessings conferred by well managed railroads are acknowledged on every hand ; and yet the road to ruin may be as sure by the iron rail as by any other of the thousand ways which lead in that direction. Is it not enough to leave the means of such com petition and excitement to those who desire to promote them? Why should the Slate be em barked in the strife ? The policy of State aid, if once fastened upon ns, would invite and en courage this rivalry and excitement to the irre parable injury of thousands of her people— ot that portion of her people, too, who, by their enterprise ana by their private pecuniary means, fust brought to the State her glory and hoDor and power. Is there nothing due from the State to that people ? Having risen to our present high position, shall we kick trom under us the friendly ladder by which we have ascended ? In other words, shall we, by dis turbing the railway system of our fathers, and by an unjust use of the taxes wrung from the labor of an over-burthened people, build up rival lines not demanded by the business of the country, and thus ruin the pioneers in the great work of internal improvement ? But the subject opens up so widely that we must reserve further remarks for another time. Historicus. TheBau* The negro race from the position now occu pied by Senator Revels, who claims to be of that descent, bat who is mixed-blooded, as much white man as negro, are jubilant over the rise and progress they are making in the attainment of political distinctions, but not as much ao as fanatic white men, who are honeat, and white men who are dUhnnni, in their zealous ad vocacy of bestowing upon the negro social and political equality and the highest offices of the government While this ie the con dition of the race in the United States, and, of the white men who sustain their preten sions of both a social and political nature, it perhaps will teach them humility it they will read the following account of the race in their fatherland. It is said that in a small African townlet called Yonng Town, a native chief named Yellow, cap tured two women belonging to the Ecreeka tribe, and in honor of this martial achievement a “ grand play” was held. On the morning af ter the capture, the younger of the captives, a girl about fourteen years of age, was killed, cooked, chopped and eaten by this monster. Yel low, and bis savage confreres. Tee other cap tive was in irons, and was to form the subject of a future feast. Strange as it may seem, while these occurrences were taking place one of her Majesty’s gunboats was lying not for distant from the town, with the “sancy ensign” flying at the peak. At Wydah, the seaport capital of Dahomey's kingdom, a European, who was en gaged to trade there, has recently been subject ed to most cruel punishment; the poor fellow was stripped to his singlet and trowsers ; the sleeves of the former were rolled up above bis elbows, and his trowsers aboveh is knees. He was then tied to a stake and exposed to the fierce burning rays of a mid-day tropical snn lor several hours; and many more such horrible atrocities are perpetrated upon inoffensive people by these “men and brothers" at the foun tain head of the African race. Women upon Juries. The enfranchised and disenthralled women ol Wyoming are having their first taste of the sweets of practical equality. Those at Laramie City, who submitted with gladness to be drawn upon a jury, have been caught upon a stubborn murder case. Four days have they struggled over a verdict, and f >ur nights have they been locked up with their sterner companions to ru- iniuate on the hardship of helping to do men’s w >rk. The dispatch ta s they look pale and fatigued “ vV ben lovely women stoOD- a to folly” it fol lows that she is sure to pay the penally. A Remarkable Instance of Unfairness and Injustice. It is an old saying that “Republics are ungrate ful.” The following is a striking illustration of it, one that cannot but excite the indignation of every right-thinking and patriotic man in the land. The Cincinnati Enquirer says: “ In 1836 Rodger B. Taney was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He held the office till 1865, when he died ; a period of twenty-nine years. Indeed, since the beginning of this century, up to 1865 ; there has been but two Chief Justices, John Marshall and Rodger B. Taney. The latter died fall of years and honors. During his long administration the me3t important oolitical and judicial questions were decided. His integrity was never disputed. He died poor. He left his family destitute. He left two daughters, who now labor as copyists, in Washington, in order to obtain a livelihood His bust is not in the vacant niche provided for ex- Supreme Court Justices. While such has been the treatment of an illustrious Chief Judge, who sat nearly thirty years upon the bench, but who disagreed with the party in pow er, what are the honors meted out to Edwin M. Stanton, who was appointed an Associate Jus tice, but who never entered one day upon its duties, and never was even sworn into place ? His family is to receive a yearly salary, altnough they are not in need of it, being left in posses sion of an ample estate, which has been greatly added to by the subscription of individual friends. Mr. Stanton’s politics with those of the party in power. Hence the discrimination in bis favor, and hence the monstrous injustice in volved in the treatment of him, as contrasted with Roger B. Taney, who was for nearly a third ot a century an ornament of the bench upon which Stanton never sat. This is a re markable instance of patizan unfairness and injustice. From the Chicago Tribune. A Railway Romance, An awkward mistake occurred on board the night express of the St. Louis and Alton road which arrived here yesterday morning. It seems that two ot St. Louis’ fair daughters, who were traveling together, took one of the lower berths, aiid when “the shades of night were falling fast,” as the poet says, or has fallen, as he didn’t say, they retired to dream of the boys they had left behind in the town that lies by the side of the muddy “Father of Waters,” as somebody called the Mississippi. That was all right. There was nothing unusual in a pair ol ladies going to bed and dreaming, provided they staid in bed; but alas! they didn’t. Thirst, abominable thirst, a thirst that called for the application ot assuaging water, came down like an ugly nightmare, and settled down upon the throat and pretty lips of the prettiest of the pair. She awoke and popped a head of flaxen hair ont from under the curtain to reconnoitre, and see if the way was clear to the water tank, and lo, it was. Nobody stood in the way.— There was relief in night. It was tantalizing. Would she venture ? Yes, she would, and she did. She went, got safely back, and went to bed. When she got id, the party inside was occupy ing too much space. Ot course that could not be tolerated, tthe had paid for half a berth and wanted the worth of her money. To secure btr rights she gently shoved, the other party, meaning to insinuate that the party should move lurther south in the berth. The party to the south was inclined to maintain his position north ot the dividing line, and was no more to be moved than one ot the sleepers over which the train was rushing with the speed ot the wind Another shove and still the possessor of the northern territory maintained his place. Perhaps the party was ticklish. She thought she would try. A dig in the ribs brought him to bis senses. Him, yes, it was he. He turned round and caught the fair intruder by the throat. She screamed. The conductor ran to the rescue, and the passengers, all in white, jumped from their berths, supposing that the train was jump ing a precipice,* or cutting up some other unusual caper. For a few minutes there was confusion and consternation in the car. The invaded party shouted that he was robbed, and called tor “ pistols for two and coffee lor one,” and was inclined to deal harshly with the fair invader of his couch. She, poor girl, was in a terrible plight She hardly knew wbat to do with her seif. She cried, and threatened to go into hys terics. Finally all was explained. The young lady on going back to bed, got into the berth next her own, which was occupied by a single gen tleman, and it being dark she did not discover her mistake until his band was upon her throat. All the white robes disappeared; the invaded and invader went back to their respec tive bertha, she to think over the folly of “wak ing up the wrong passenger,” and he to mourn his late in being the said passenger. Reubens to hand them down to posterity on j (now Macon &_Western) companies undertook the painted canvas as the three graces ot the Democratic party as now constituted in Georgia. Ar-d now. my dear Pinck, I come to the rea son why I suppose 1 have h< ard lrom you. You say ** the fool-killer has not come round yet 1” Ah ! it he- had, Argus, with his hundred eyes, would have been blotted out, and we who have so strong and pleading memories of J. P. IL, would never have discovered his whereabouts Keep in after dark, dear Pinck, for when he, the fool-killer, comes armed for his mission, we shall weep and mourn, for thine exit will be sudden. Jake. The executioner of Paris has been by turns a navy surgeon, a bill broker, a commission mer- j . . chant and a guillotinist. First be lanced, thin | ,he companies named ra the act to assist them to build their respective roads, they were en couraged by the Legislature of the State to pro ceed iu the face of obstacles apparently insur mountable. The act of 1886 providing for the construction of the Western & Atlantic road as a State work, virtually gave a public pledge to the companies jnst named—then the only com panies building roads—that the State won’d build a railway from the eastern side of the up per Chattahoochee to the Tennessee, and would assist the companies undertaking to join the State work at its southern terminus. Without a continuous line of railroad leading from the Chattahoochee to'.tbe sea, it was seen that the Western & Atlantic road would be valnehss. Hence, the law promised a million of dollars to he shaved, then he beheaded. I in forming the connection alladed to. The com- No Social Eqnn'liT. An association in New Orleans ba3 adopted resolutions declaring that the conduct ol some of its members “ who took it upon themselves ” to introduce the colored Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana at a recent ball given by them was “ a crime against the association, a gross viola tion ot decency, and a malicioii? and unwarrant ed act.” Aud they closed up with a declara tion that those members of the association “ be forever expelkd.” A Happy F mliy-All Sorts. At a dinner given at Weick* i’s c.n Saturday, by Chariton Lewis, of the New York Evening Poet, the following happy family sat down to gether : General Benjrmiu F Butler, Samuel S. Cox, General Garfield, Samuel Ward, John V. L. PrnyD, Hon David Wells, and General N. P. Banks. The astonishment of these gen tlemen at meeting gracluilly gave way to the humor of the occasion, and the entire company waiving all unpleasantness, hobnobbed and made merry over the wine. A “Sacrament.”—There is in this city a paper, identity of which it is not necessary to indicate farther than to say that it is the Daily Mouthpiece ot Twaddle, which has a Washing ton correspondent who terms the admission of Revels a “sacrament,” “a religions rite,” a tak ing ot the admitted one into “fellowship.” All this fine talk on a yellow fellow lugged into the Senate. Now, let the Mouthpiece listen. By the same processes by which this Ohio negro was sworn in, an Esquimaux, a wild Chinaman, a Comanche hot from scalping, a horse or an ape even, might have been admitted. Tbe legality of the other; and neither are compara ble for a moment to the lawfulness ot Caligula’s inducting his pet steed into office - an induction, by the by, which we believe was, in Caligula’s time, likewise called a “sacrament.” By tbe Roman code, wh&t pleased Ceesar was law; and so far tbe Caligulan admission was above the Congressional- Perhaps there is an other point ra which the Congress ional power of creating rulers for us is not qui e coextensive with that possessed by this worst of the Roman emperors. The Mouthpiece’s correspondent seems to hint at it when saying, “ I do not think that personally all the Republican Senators are jubilant over this admission.” And why are they not jubi lant ? Is it not that this thing bas yet to come before the people ot these United States, and that those people are not yet ready to be the first of the white race in the world’s history that ever admitted an African negro to be their ruler ? Possibly there may be some who think it a fine tiling for any man who has buried a slain son to sit in the Senate Chamber and feel, as he gazes on the negro who now rules him, that not in vain fell his dead boy. Others may doubt the beauty ot the “sacrament” when looked at in this view. Some dim perception ol this seems to pervade even the correspondence of the Mouthpiece. Perhaps even so harlotiz'ng a pursuit as writing for that journal cannot utterly obliterate the fear of retriontion and tbe sense of shame.—Neio York World. |»S« c«al u< Copper, Commenting upon the very interesting letter of tbe Hon. Mann A. Cooper on tbe geological formations and mineral locations of Northern Georgia, which appeared a shaft time ago in, and was addressed to, tbe Intelligences, the Marietta Journal makes the following timely suggestion, which we trust will receive the favorable attention of Superintendent Blod gett : “ We would like to suggest to the present Su perintendent of the Western & Atlantic Rail road the importance and value of a Geological, Mineralogies! and Agricultural map of North ern Georgia. Such a chart has been preceded by a very excellent map of tbe Road and its connections. Could not the map be supple mented with a chart of the resources of the country drained by the Road. Take for instance the line dividing the geological formations as indicated by Major CojPRB and let the chart exhibit the peculiarities bearing upon Agricul ture belonging to each; the water courses indi cating water power, as well as the mineral formations of Iron, Copper, Gold, &c., as they traverse each formation, indicating the localities where they have been already most successfully developed, and all, if it is thought best, in con nection with onr great State Road. Snch work properly executed would be ot inestima ble value to Northern Georgia. Can it be done ?” An Amendment so she Georgia Bill. Tbe following is one of the additional amend ments offered to the Georgia bill in the Senate: “Mr. Drake offered an amendment, providing that whenever any Legislature of the late rebel States, or the Governor thereof, represent to the President that an organization exists therein for the perpetuation of acta ot violence against per sons and property, or to obstruct the laws of the Federal or State Government, and it is unable to suppress such violence or destruction, it shall be the duty t)f the President to furnish United States troops for the subjugation and disposition of such organizations. Upon the ar rival ot such troops in the district in which these organizations exist, martial law shall be declared, a levy made upon the inhabitants to pay expenses of transportation ot snch troops, and they shall be subsisted npon the inhabi tants.” Decidedly Cool. Mr. J. Edwin Conamt who, we are inform ed by the Constitution ot this city, is one of the leading contractors of the Brunswick and Al bany Railroad, and a Democrat, says in a letter to that paper concerning Judge Avery’s dis patch to Washington regarding the recent strike of the laborers on the Road, that “ The State guaranty of principal and interest helps the sale (of the bonds ot the Road) very little.” This is decidedly cool! W e wonder what tbe bonds of tbe road would sell for in the absence of tbe State’s guaranty upon them ? In our judgment the Slate’s endorsement ot the bonds is all that gives them any vitality in the northern markets. Gold In Humana Territory. The Hon. J. M. Cavauaugh, Delegate in Con gress from Montana Territory, has received a letter from a responsible and reliable gentleman, announcing the discovery of new and rich gold fields in Missoula county, heretofore almost en tirely an agricultural region. Nearly $93,000,- 000 have already been taken from the gold fields cf Montana, and new discoveries are constantly being made. The Suffocation ot Sbelae. St Arnaud had warmly approved of the de struction ot life which bad been effected in 1844, hy filling with smoke the crowded caves ot tbe Dabra; but be had sagaciously observed that the popularity ot tbe measure in Europe was not co extensive with the approbation which seems to have been bestowed npon its author by the mil itary authorites. These counter views guided M. St. Arnaud. In the summer of 1845 he re ceived private information that a body of Arabs bad taken refuge in tbe caves of Shelas. Thither he marched a body of troops. Eleven ot tbe fugatives came out and surrendered,, bat it was known to St. Arnaud, though not to any other Frenchman, that five hundred men remained iD the cave. All these men Col. St. Arnaud deter mined to kill, and so far, perhaps, he felt that he was ODly an imitator of Pelissier; but the re solve which accompanied the formation ol this scheme wa9 original. He determined to keep the deed secret, even from the troops engaged in the operation. Ex cept his brother and Marshal Bageaud, whose approval was the prize be sought for, no one was to know what he did. He contrived to ex- cute both his purposes. “Then,” he wptes to his brother, “1 had all the apertures hermetically sealed up. I made one vast sepulchre. No one went into the caverns. No one but myseli knew that under there there are five hundred brigands who will never again slaughter French men. A confidential report has told all to the Marshal, without terrible poetry or imagery. Brother, no one is so good as I am by taste and by nature. From the Sth to the 12th I have been ill, but my conscience does not reproach me. I have done my duty as a commander, aDd to morrow I would do the same over again; hut I have taken a disgust to Africa.”— From Kinglake's “ Crimea,” Vol. 1. We clip from the New Era of this morn- 4ng the following special dispatch from Wash ington to that paper: WASHINGTON. Washington, March 18.—The debate on the Georgia question was continued to-day, and able speeches were made by Senators Pomeroy and Drake, in favor ot striking out Bingham’s amendment, and by Mr. Schurz against it. Senator Wilson offered the following substi tute for the Bingham amendment: “That iD consequence of the illegal, revolu tionary and disorganizing proceedings of the General Assembly ot Georgia, it be, and hereby Is declari a, that the term ot service of the said General Assembly shall date from January 26th, 1870, and shall continue until tbe persons to be chosen on tbe Tuesday after the first Monday of November, 1872, as membersof tbe General Assembly of said State are qualified ; provided that tbe last clause of the second sub-division ot the first section of the third article of the Constitution ot Georgia, in the following words, the General Assembly may, by law, change the time of election, and the members shall hold until their successors are elected and qualified,’ shall never be by any Legislature exercised so as to extend the term of any officer beyond the regular period named in the said constitution ; and the said General Assembly shall, by joint resolution, consent to this fundamental condi tion before this act Bhall take effect.” The amendment of Senator Morton, author izing tbe organization of tbo militia in Georgia, was adopted without division. Spain—3Iobe of the Fatal Duel.—Madrid, March 14 —Tbe duel between Duke Montpensier and Prince Henri de Bourbon creates immense excitement. It was caused by some insalting letters writteu by the latter, branding Mont pensier as a Jewish conspirator, and calling him a bloated French pastry cook. Generals Ala- minor, Cordova and col. Saler acted as seconds to the Duke, and three Republicans, Deputies to the Cortes, Bourbon. The Prince won the choice of weapons and ground-aDd the right to the first shot. The distance was ten paces, tbe combatants firing alternately. Tbe weapons used were revolvers. The first and second shots ot Prince de Bourbon missed. At bis third the ballet grazed the cheek of the Duke, causing a slight wound. Montpeusier’s first shot missed, and his second slightly wonoded the Prince, and his third proved fatal, the ball entering the fore head of the Prince and killing him instantly. Tbe Duke exclaimed, “ My God, what have I done IV and swore to protect the Prince’s chil dren. Montpensier and bis seconds are in Madrid, and have not been arrested. It is said that the affair will injure the Duke’s chances lor the throne. When the Dnke bad fired twice the seconds endeavored to effect a reconciliation, but the Prince was furious and refused all offers. It is mmored that a French intrigne is at tbe bot tom of the duel. The St. Paul (Mion.) Press of the 1st instant, has the following: “A woman passed through the city yesterday with an ox team on her way to a homestead, seventeen miles above Alexan dria, Douglas connty, two bnndred miles lrom this city. She had previously pre-empted a farm nuder the homste&d law, and built a house, and went back to Red Wing for her aged moth er She foued her mother sick, and after wait ing scv.ral wreks ior her recovery she started alone, with her household goods on a sled, hauled by an ox team, a cow being tied along side. The woman, wfio is a Swede, did not ap pear to be at all appalled by the prospect of her many day*’journey to her ionely home.” idprgkkssional. Boim PwweJlai* °* TEwroffay Laa*. qttat.i. VIRGINIA BE AGAIN RECONSTRUCTED? Mr Pratt asked leave to offer a resolution, re- citfrur that the Legislature of Virginia had va cated all offices in Virginia, by an act entitled “an enabling act,” and has given the power ot appointment to the Governor in some cases and to Judges in others, and instructing tbe Recon struction Committee to report whether the pus- sage and enforcement ot such act and conse quent change in the form ol government, takiug the election of officers from the people and giv ing it to individuals, is not such violation of the Constitution ol Virginia, and of the fundamental conditions on which the State was admitted to representation as to demand the inlet position of Congress, in order that a republican iortn of government may be secured in Virginia. Mr Brooks, ot New York objected. BUTLER’S INGLORIOUS ESCaPADE. After other unimportant business, morning hour expired, and the House proceeded to con sider the resolutions reported vesierday from the Military Committee in the matter ot Mr. Butler, ol Tennessee, ior the sale ot cadetships, one re solution beiug for the condemnation of Butler and the other for his expulsion. Mr. Logan explained bow it was that each resolution was signed by tour members. The resolution condemning Butler had received a majority vo*e in the committee, but when it came to be signed th> re were some members absent. The resolution oi expulsion was really the minority report. The committee had agreed to have testimony read and to leave the ques tion without argument to the decision ol the House. THE TESTIMONY. The testimony was read. Gen A. S. Choeppe testified to having, through Gen Este, purchased the appointment ot A. C. Tyler, from Butler, and to having paid Gen. Este two hundred dol lars for it, which he understood was to go to Tennessee to be used for election purposes. Gen. Dan Tyler testified that he paid the money for his son’s appointment and that he had beeu told by Mr. Cooper, President John son’s private Secretary, that such appointments were offered at Washington for money and by other friends that that thing was not uncom mon. Gen. Geo. P. Este testified that negotiations with Mr. Butler had been made through him, and he paid about $1 000 to Mr. Butler for it. He could not say how much he (Este) had re ceived. That was ail the experience be bad in the business. He had uot made any proposition to pay Mr. Butler until alter the appotntm nt, had been agreed upon. It was upon his (EsteV) own motion he had suggested to Mr. Butler the propriety of his permitting him to give him a certain sum ol money, and there was, perhaps, some talk as to the proposed canvass He thought Mr. Butler mentioned the fact that there were two papers in his district in a very bad condition, and required support. Mr. But ler said to him in that conversation : “General, I do not know; I cannot take this for myself.” He had never, before tbe appointment, proposed to Mr. Butler to pay him anything lor it. He had felt no personal interest in tbe Tennessee press or canvass, and didn’t km >w what Mr. Butler done with the money, but Mr. Butler had particularly stated he did not receive it tor himself. THE DEFENSE. The witnesses for the defense testified as fol lows: 8am. Milligan, of Tennessee—Had received an appointment to the naval academy for one Ot his sons from Mr. Butler. Had never given him anythjpg for it except thanks. He kuew of Mr. Butler’s deBire to appoint aboylioin his own district to W est Point, but there was no boy qualified. Robert A. Crawford, of Tennessee, testified to Mr. Butler’s efforts to get a boy in his district who would pass an examination. Wm. B. Stokes, member ot Congress, had seen it stated by the chairman of the State Con stitutional Con > ention that Mr. Butler had, last summer, contributed five hundred dollats to the Stale Journal, which was the organ ol tbe Re publican party of Teunessee. E. A. Sawyer of Tennessee, was in Mr. But ler’s room in Washington when many smart boys, who would honor the country were there, and he said that the appointment of Tyler would be very gratifying to him. He had therefore made it subsequently. Gen. Este called at.d in sisted on takiug bis money, which he at first declined. CoL Spence, of Tennessee, who was in the room, at tbe lime, interposed and said.— You have got to take it because we are going to have a hard time in the election, and you know a few ot us have to support our papi rs. He, Spence, said, he would take money and use it in the Tennessee election. Gen. Erte took $100 aDd left $900 on his, Butler’s table; ol that sum ne had.contributed $500 to establish a paper in the interest of Gen. Stokes; satisfied a debt of $280 on the New Era a Republican paper, pub lished in East Tennessee, and contributed $100 to the Union Flag, a Republican paper at Jones boro, East Tennessee, and $20 tor printing elec tion tickets. He had never appropriated one cent to his own use. Gen. Schofield was not able to recall any con versation with Mr. Bnt'eron the subject, though it was possible, and ne certainly did not recom mend him to appoint Gen. Tyler’s son, tor lie did not know until recently that Gen. Tyler’s son had ever applied for an appointment, or gol one, or, indeed, that Gen. Tyler had a son. A 80LEMN HOUR FOR THE RADICALS. The reading of testimony being completed, the previous question was seconded and a vote taken, first on the resolution lor expulsion. The vote was taken by yeas and nays. Unusual stillness prevailed and the members answered to their names in a low tone. Many declined to vote at first, but after the roll was completed fifteen members rose, one by one, and all, with out exception, recorded their votes in the affirmative. Finally the vote was announced— yeas, 101; nays, 68. The question then recurred on the adoption of the resolution as amended, which tue Speaker staled required by the Constitution a two-t.hird vote. Mr. Schenck iqnuired of the Speaker whether, if the resolution tailed, it would not be in order to move a resolution ot censure. Mr. Morgan objected to debate. The Speaker declined to answer. A vote was then taken on the resolution as amended. Logan’s resolution being only offered as a sbstitute to the resolution forcondeinnation waa rejected—yeas 102, nays 69, being less than a two-third voting in the affirmative. Before the vote was announced Mr. Stiles called for the enforcement of the rule requir ing every member present to vote. The Speaker inquired whether the gentleman had any resolution to offer with reference to any particular member. Mr. Stiles passed the question by asking the Speaker whether all the members present had voted. The Speaker said that is not a matter within the knowledge of the chair. Has tbe gentleman any resolntion to offer in reference to any mem ber, i r so, the chair will sustain it. Mr. 8tiles—Mr. Dawes, of Massachusetts, is one who has not voted. Speaker—The gentleman from Massachusetts has voted on the question He voted on the first roll-calL The chair reminds the gentle man that he should be careinl a3 to the lacis on a question so delicate. Has the gentleman any further motion to make ? Stiles—No sir. The vote having been announced as rejecting the amended resolution, Mr. Stougbton, a majority member of the Military Committee, offered a modification of his original resolution as follows: Resolved, That the House declare its condem nation of the action of Hon. R. R. Butler, a Rep resentative from the fiist district in Tennessee, in nominating Aug. O. Tyler, who was not an actual resident of his district, as a cadet at the military academy at West Point, and receiving money trom the father of said cadet, to be used for political purposes in Tennessee, as an unau thorized and dangerous practice, aad he is here by censured therefor. Mr. Morgan suggested an amendment by add ing the words, and he be requested to resign. Stanton declined to yi Id to the amen iment, and tbe resolntion was adopted unanimously by a vote of 157 yeas. The House* then went into a Committee of tbe Whole, Mr. Wheeler in the chair, on the tariff bill, and was addressed in support ot it by Mr. Coke, when the committee took a recess until evening. BY TELEGRAPH. London, March 18.—Agents of the Inman line positively deny, in a letter to the House, that Collins overloaded the City ol Boston. The new Irish bill is very strict, involving two years’ hard labor for carrying arms contrary to law. Inns closed at sunset. Gladstone said two Fenian prisoners had certainly gone mad. He said amueaty to Fenians was untimely in the presence of continued violence. Washington, March 18.—The House is dis cussing private bills. The Pacific Railroad Committee resolved to report a bill incorporating the Kansas, Missouri & Texas Railroad. Reconstruction bad prolonged the session over Tennessee. Tbe result has not trans pired. The Judiciary Committee, except Mr. Rice, are unanimous against seating Ames as Senator from Mississippi. Mr. Kellogg introduced a joint resolution di recting the Secretary ot the Treasury, within six months, to transfer mint lands and buildings to the city of New Orleans. Washington, March 18.—Revenue to-day $685,000. The currency balance in the Treasury is seven and three-quarter million. The Committee on Ways and Means visited the Treasury for consultation with the officials over the funding bill. Gen. Bennett, ex-Revenue Supervisor of North Carolina was arrested in Iowa and will be taken to Raleigh on the charge of conspiracy to defraud the Government. A dozen negro members of the Georgia Leg islature visited Colfax, who stated that he aid not believe the present Georgia Legislature could perpetuate itself. His sympathies, however, wtre in favor ot the ireedmec in the enjoyment ot their rights. Tbe President was at the capitol yesterday favoring the acquisition ot San Domingo. The President is preparing a message about troops for Tennessee. Morton’s amendment .to the Georgia bill au thoring militia was adopted, the debate becom ing very bitter. SENATE. Conkling reported from the Judiciaiy Com mittee adversely to Ames Ordered printed. Ground ot objection non-citizenship. A bill for improving Cape Fear river was dis cussed, and a resolution looking to the survey tor a ship canal across Tehuantepec. Tbe Georgia question was resumed. Wilson offered an amendment making the tenure ot the present Legislature date from January, 1870. Schurz favored Bingham’s amendment, and spoke severely against the proposition to extend the tenure of the Legislature beyond the legal term. Adjourned to Monday. HOUSE. Was devoted to district and patent matters, when the Tariff bill was resumed. The House meets to-morrow for debate only. Richmond, March 18.—This evening Gener al Canby interfered in the municipal troubles, by sending a squad of soldiers aud raising the siege at ihe lower station house, and giving free egress and ingress to all having business there. This action, he says, has no reference to the question of the mayoralty, but is taken purely as a precaution against any acts ot disorder or violence This action is applauded by the i riends of Cahoon, and was protested against by Ellison as unwarantable interference with the civil law of the State. When the military took possession ot the station house, Mayor Ellison’s* police left, and i eing rocked by tbe crowd of colored men, charged them. About fifty shots were fired, and two <>r three colored men wounded. Affairs have since quieted down. To-morrow both Mayors wid have a police force on the streets, and hold independent courts. Trouble is apprehended. Tbe Council is in session to-night, considering what shall be done. I’he < ity Council, to-night, passed an ordi nance abolishing the station houses now in the bands ot Caboon’s police, authorizing Mayor Ellison to call out the Fire Brigade as police, pledging the city to pay all special police sworn in by bun, aud authorizing the city court to be held in the city halt, pledging Mayor Ellison the earnest support ol the Council in his efforts to man lain the peace of the city against lawless men conspiring against it. The city is quiet to night. The casualties of the day have been one man killed and three wounded. Cahoon has his headquarters at the lower station house, where the military guard is. Ellison’s headquarters are at the city hall. Ellison’s police patrol the city to-night. Washington, March 19 —The opponents to Bingham’s amendment claim that they have six majority. No session of the Senate to-day. In the House they were debating the tariff The committees reported nothing. The bill. A Hobbtble Mistake.—Once upon a time, an accomplished young American woman had the honor to dine with the Czar ot all the Kus- sias. During the royal entertainment a plate ot delicious grapes was passed around. It is true the young lady saw the golden knife which rested on the side of the basket, but os tbe fruit came to her first, she had no way of learning its use; so she did just what she would have done In America—she reached out her dainty fingers and lifted lrom the dish a whole stem of grapes. Wbat was her consternation to see the next person, as well as all the other guests, take the golden knife and sever a single grape e tch, and transfer it to their plates. Had a voung Russian lady in this count:y helped hersell to a whole chicken, the error would have b^en pre cisely the same. It is tiue the young woman cemmitted no crime, but her Itelirgs and those of her friends would have been spared bad she learned tbe etiquette ot tbe roj al tables before she became an Emperor’s guest. House met, but no one wishing to speak ad journed immediately. Richmond, March 19.—Ellison’s police ar rested and disarmed part of the opposition po lice, the balance took refuge in tbe station house at noon. The second station house surrendered to Ellison. The new officials have notice of a motion on Wednesday, before Underwood, for an injunction. Both Mayors held court this morning. No disturbance to-day. About thirty of Cahoon’s adherents are shut up in the station bouses. Ellison’s force, about two hundred and fifty, have possession of the city. Washington, March 19.—Revenue to-day $363,000. Mr. (Janby in obedience to orders from the President, sent two companies into the insur rectionary districts of North Carolina. Special committee op the decline of Ameri can commerce, heard the steamship and railroad men from New York, Boston, Philadel phia and the South, who favored the Oriental and Mediterranean Steam Ship Company. Collector Bailey, collector 22d (Wall street,) district, Ne v York, lias disappeared. St. Johns, March 19.—The bottom of the harbor on Carlton sunk 20 feet, dome wharves were destroyed and lumber carried adrift. Rome, March 19.—The Pope pronounced the mass to-day lor Count Monialembert. Nashville, March 19.—A meeting of the people of all parties to-day passed resolutions protesting against Congressional interference, and denouncing exaggerations and misrepre sentations in regard to the internal affairs ot the dtate, pledging the people to maintain the laws both State and National at all hazards, and de claring tbat soldiers to sustain the civil authori ties be welcomed. Richmond, March 19.—Ellison’s force num bers two hundred, with a reserve of 100. Two police meetings to-nigbt resolved to volunteer to support Eilison. The city is quiet, except around the third station house, wnich Cahoon holds with some 40 white and black adherents New York, March 19.—Mr. George Wake- man, editor of the World, died to-day of pneu monia—aged 30 years. Captain Phillips, of the schooner Ann Eliza beth, fell into ihe hold ot the vessel and was killed. Otiowa, March 19.—A movement is to be made, championed jjby Sir A. T. Galt, allowing the Dominion to establish commercial relations with foreign countries, subject to the Queen’s approval. London, March 19.—The contract for the Honduras railroad has been signed. The work commences within tbe year. The Macon and Brunswick Railroad. General Wm. McRae, ot North Carolina, and recently Superintendent of the Wilmington and Manchester Railroad, passed through this city a few days since, ere route for Brunswick, to accept tbe position of Superintendent of the V aeon and Brunswick Railroad. General McRae, as a railroad man, has risen from tbe position of a locomotive engineer to that of chief executive officer of a road, and as a military man, trom a private to a Major- General in the late C. S. A., in which position he made for himself a nam-s tbat will long be remembe:ed by the members of the army of Virginia. The road with which he is about to be connected is fortunate in securing his ser vices—Savannah News. Army Consumption.—A standing army is a gr< at burthen to the producing and laboring population. In France, it is changed, tbe high price of flesh lor food is caused and maintained by the army, waich consumes, according to re gulation, 207 head of caitle daily. Even this large amount ot beet seems but a tiitiing supply tor 40,000 persons. The soldier not only con sumes, but fail to produce. Faucy wbat a change it would make m agriculture, in the number of cattle ra...eu, and in the price of nec essaries, were these non producers all engaged in labor. A BILL will be intioduceO iu the New York Legislature next week lo p'o'uinit prize fighting in the State, and pum.-hiog citizens ot New York who go nto other States to fight. Thi* I in is to c .y t r cases similar to that oi Edwards aad Collyci The New York Pi»t : ‘ Advertising is the financial railway to success. It is au art possessed by few ; but these Jew are the mer chant princes ot to-day.”