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Serious Books vs. Fiction By E. S. Martin. OHE habit of reading the more substantial books seems to have taken hold of a much larger proportion of the people of the British Isle** than of us Americans. And even that is not all. We seem not to be gaining the habit, for the proportion of light reading in the current mass of new literature seems to be increasing. Why that is, and whether it is a temporary condition or something more serious, is matter for discussion. I suspect it is one of the habitual complaints of literate mankind that 'he readers of the generation just passed read better books than those of the enerations in being. It is no fault of the publishers, for there are plenty of übiishers who are eager to print the best books they can hope to sell. They von’t print many books that no one will buy, because such a practice as that, ‘ if it became habitual, would be incompatible with continuance in the publish ing business. But they have an interest, which is more than a mere pecuni ary interest, in what they publish, and would much rather find their necessary profit in a book that they can be proud of than in one which can never do credit to their name, however much it may help their pocket. To be sure, the more substantial books are in competition wtih all the great books that ever were printed. If readers neglected the good new books in order to read the good old ones, we might regret it as something detri mental to the book publishing business and the interests of living authors, but we would not find in it a sign of decaying culture or degenerating taste. But it is not the competition of the old books that limits attention to new ones, for whoever has learned to read the one is by so much the likelier to read the other. Who has the habit of good reading and the appetite for it will read what suits his appetite if he can get it. The trouble is that the appetite is not oftener formed. If you are to make a silk purse, you must have the silk. You cannot make a reader of good books out of any human material t.iat comes along. You must catch a mind proper for the job. Not all good minds are adapted to much reading. You find very able people who read few books, mostly trash, and people of less ability who read more, and much better ones. You find also interesting differences in the facility with which different people take in the sense of printed words. Some people from childhood read very much fas ter and with less effort than others. Their eyes seem to connect quicker with their brains, and their perception of words and rows of words is almost instan taneous. Other people never entirely get past the need of pronouncing, men tally, each word.—Harper's Magazine. The 400 is J\[ow : : : ; “TheHOO” By F. Townsend Marlin. ♦♦♦♦<)♦s*> HAVE been interested in society ever since I was eighteen £ years old. New York society' has gone through its forma # tive stage. Its society now resembles that of London, the t oldest and most absorbing society in the world. -*■ ❖ People say, casually, “The great balls of the- past have been discontinued because the city is too large.” That is ♦ ♦ not the point. Society is too large—not the city. Society grows with the city. I should say there are 1,100 persons in society. I daresay this figure is staggering, revolution ary, but I believe this number is accurate. Yet I know some women who would say that 100 covers completely the number of persons they would care to know. New York society is beset by anew idea, which is as unsatisfactory as it is perilous. It develops a narrow'ness of thought and the most extreme boredom. Society is set-ridden. There are the Meadowbrook set, the Tuxedo set, the Southhampton set, the Winchester set, the Lenox set, the Aiken set, the set that meets in Palm Beach, in Aiken, and in Paris. Mrs. William Astor’s retirement as the leader of society marked anew epoch. There has been chaos since her influence and her annual entertain ment have been discoptinued. There is no social leader in New York today. Perhaps there will never be another, because the requisite qualifications are rare. Each little set has its leader, who rules arbitrarily and is looked up to, even idolized. But it is manifestly difficult to think of a woman who can unite the little sets. Leadership, like monarchy, carries with it endless work and endless responsibility. All of the important women in society would na turally like to succeed to the popularity and prestige of Mrs. Astor, yet there are limitations to each, which cannot be denied. There s a Good Time i Coming- Zy Untied States Senator Lodge, of Massachusetts BHE Republic of the United States is in no danger of ruin in a business or in any other way. The resources of the country are greater than they ever were before. The en ergy of the people, if it is not paraylzed by too much sub stitution of government for individual effort, if it is left to march along the old roads which it followed from the days of small things to the present days of greatness—the road of independence, the road of individual enterprise, of determi nation to succeed in the battle of life —will assert itself. Let those old American habits continue to dominate in the United States and tread the doctrines of socialism under foot. The wealth of the- world is here in our soil, in our mines, in our factories. This decline of values is but a passing ripple on the surface of the great sea of American life and action, and all we need to do is first to try to prevent a recurrence of that alarm which so paralyzed business last autumn, then to aid in the restoration of pub lic confidence, and lastly to perfect a banking system worthk of our time and country. I believe that the Aldrich currency bill Avill tend strongly in this direction and serve* our initial and immediate purpose. I believe it will bring back in a large measure the confidence which has been impaired, and help to set the great car of American business moving once more upon the pathway of triumphal progress which it has followed for more than a century. When Wealth Getting Becomes a Crime By John Jl. Johnson, Governor of Minnesota. BERSONALLY I would rather be able to write a book that would live a hundred years than be able to amass wealth that would enable those who inherit it to live for genera tions in luxury, and yet the amassing of wealth may be of vast industrial service to the country and to those who seek honest work and wages. But WEALTH GETTING BECOMES A CRIME when the man obtains it by the sale of all his finer instincts, by the sacrifice of his character, by the violation of the nation's laws and by trespass upon the rights of others to the pursuit of liberty and happiness. It is this spirit and not the thing whlci* determines the nobility of a career and the degree of success. THE HIGHEST VICTORIES MAY BE WHAT THE WORLD CALLS FAILURES. $29,000,000 FINE LOST . T Government Petition for Rehear ing Case is Denied. THRUST AT U. S. LAWYERS Court Criticise* the Conduct of Attorney General Bonaparte and Other Gov ernment Counicl. Chicago, 111.—The government’s pe tition for a rehearing of the case in which the United States circuit court of appeals reversed the trial court in fining the Standard Oil Company of Indiana $29,240,000 for alleged rebat ing, was denied in the court of ap peals here. It is authoritatively stat ed here that the government will now attempt to bring the whole matter before the supreme court on a writ of certiorari. In closing its decision ,the court of appeals severely criticized Attorney General Bonaparte, Special Assistant General Frank B. Kellogg, District At torney Edward W. Sims and Special Assistant United States Attorney Jas. H. Wilkerson, whose names were signed to the petition. Immediately upon the overruling of the petition Of District Attorney Sims applied for a stay of mandate, which was granted, thus leaving the case still before the court of appeals pend ing the government’s attempt to have the case taken before the supreme court on a writ of certiorari. Washington, D. C.—lt was stated at the department of justice that, in view of the large amount of money involv ed, the important questions of law and the popular interest in the case, the government would not rest on the de cision of the circuit court of appeals in the Standard Oil case, but that the case would he taken to the supreme court of the United States at the ear liest possible day. This will be done by an application to the court for the allowance of a writ of certiorari. Cases like the one in point are not appealable to the su preme court of the United States by either side, but application for a re view by the supreme court must be made by the defeated party. NORTH DAKOTA RIDES THE WAVES. Premier “Dreadnought” of the United State Navy Launched. Quincy, Mass. —The most powerful addition which the navy of the United States has ever received, and Amer ica’s first all-ro'und big gun battleship, the North Dakota, was successfully launched here from the yard of the yard of the Fore River Shipbuilding Company. With the foam of the christening wine streaming down her bow plates from the bottle smashed by Miss Mary Benton, of Fargo, N. D., and under the watchful eye of Governor John Burke, of the state for which she is named, the North Dakota float ed off into the basin about 60 per cent completed. Some time next summer she will be turned over to the gov ernment for acceptance, and if she ful fills the test, will go into commission next September. The North Dakota has been looked upon by naval experts as establish ing a new epoch in battleship con struction. CHINESE HUMILIATED. Feel That They Have Been Slighted by the Americans. Pekin, China. —The foreign board has sent its thanks to Admiral Em ory, the commander of the American fleet at Amoy, for his congratulations upon the anniversary of the birth of the Dowager Empress. The foreign press of China makes favorable comment on the visit of the American battleships, but ibe central government and the Chinese people are humiliated over the fact that only half of the fleet under Admiral Sperry came to China. The presence of the American ships at Amoy again directed attention to the decline of the American trade in China. DIRICT BURDEN ON FARMERS. So Declares New Orleans Exchange Regarding Jute Bagging Tariff. New Orleans, La. —The New Or leans cotton exchange passed resolu tions calling upon congress to reduce the present tariff on jute bagging used for baling cotton. “This tax is a di rect burden on the cotton raising in dustry of the south for the benefit of a few manufacturers who are thus enabled to thrive at the expense of the most important class of agricultu rists in this coimtry,” declares the res olution. . AMBASSADOR’S HUME ROBBED. Valuables Taken From the Residence of Henry White in Paris. Paris, France. —The residence of Henry White, the American ambassa dor, was ransacked by burglars and a large quantity of valuables carried away. The ambassador is at .present in the United States, vrhile Mrs. and Miss White have been staying at their Chevreus chatteau. The servants of the house, who slept on the third floor, were not awakened by the burg lars, who strewed the great salons with the contents of boxes and bu reaus. The booty includes gold brace lets, pearl necklaces, brooches and other jewelry. VETERAN HILLED IN AUTO WRECK. Machine Was Going at Rapid Pace When Tire Burst. Royston, Ga.—F. C. Holbrook, a well-known farmer, 60 years old and a Confederate veteran, was killed in an automobie accident while F. G. Bond, who was driving, William Bailey and Bob Fower were injured, though not seriously. The machine was going at a rapid clip down an incline toward Franklin Springs, when a front tire came off and the wheel swerved, ov erturning the machine. LATE NEWS NOTES. Students of the University of Wash ington are facing a wholesale expul* sion for the burning in effigy of Thom as Franklin Kane, president of the in stitution. The students took the effigy into the campus and threw it into the flames, dancing wildly about it. Further than that he was always laughing; that he was always good natured, and w r as known as “Happy Jim,” no identification has been made of the man found murdered in one of the galleries connecting the tubes of the Pennsylvania railroad tunnel in New York city. Twenty-six men in Craighead coun ty, Arkansas, arrested for night riding, have been held for the grand jury in bonds of SBOO. A special session of court convenes on November 9 to try the cases. The English colonial office, it was learned recently offered President Roosevelt the freedom of the govern ment shooting preserves in Africa. Mr. Roosevelt replied that he wished to be treated only as a private citizen, and that he did not desire special privileges. Jesse Ake a cowboy of El Paso, Tex as, is being hunted on a murder charge. Asa Sante Fe work train, loaded with Mexicans, was passing, Ake lassoed Ramon Aragon, whom he dragged from the train. Aragon was killed in the fall, as the train was running twenty miles an hour. The four-master schooner Charles F. Endicott, bound from Charleston, S. C., to Batlimore, arrived in Hamp ton Roads, Va., bearing the body of her deceased master, Captain Marvin Bailey, of Manasquan, N. J. The cap tain was washed overboard from the Endicott while at sea off Cape Hat teras. He was rescued, but died from exhaustion and shock upon being tak en aboard of his vessel again. One thousand men were made idle for several hours at the plant of the Algoma Steel company at Sault Ste Marie, Mich., when a deer ran into the mill and jumped on the rolls where steel rails are made. The deer was so badly injured that it had to be killed. With $20,000 of bonds -which she had obtained from the firm of Bab cock, Pushton & Louderbaclc, bond dealers in the Rookery building, a woman known as Alice Cheney Brown was arrested at the union depot in Chicago and made to return the se curities. The method by which the woman obtained the bonds was by passing a worthless check on the bro kers for $19,720. The securities were returned to Mr. Babcock of the brok erage firm. Mr. Babcock said the firm would make no effort to prosecute Mrs. Brown. President Eliot of Harvard has re signed. Attacked by a mob of small boys soon after he landed in New York city from Blackwell’s Island, where he is employed, Harry Roche, unable to de fend himself or to make a policeman hear his cries for aid, struggled to a fire alarm box and turned in an alarm. He soon had all the help he wanted, for in response to the alarm four en gines, two trucks and a patrol wag on dashed up to the scene, bringing forty-five firemen and a dozen police men. His message for assistance cost the city $66. A revival of the war reports in Belgrade jjjervia, has been caused by rumors is supporting Ser via’s positiOT, and the fact that the Servian parliament sat with closed doors. Troops have been sent to strategic positions, and the removal of the capital to a safer place is being discussed. The Norwegian bark Mercur, lum ber-laden, blown ashore by the gale in the Gulf of St, Lawrence recently, has gone to pieces. Captain Madsen and his crew were rescued with diffi culty. Charles Truett, engineer of the Cen tral of Georgia, was killed at Opelika, Alabama. He was on his tender look ing after the water when he was struck by an overhead bridge and in stantly killed. Mrs. Harry W. Lynn, wife of de partment manager of the Illinois Steel company at Chicago, 111., killed her four-year-old daughter by cutting her throat with a razor and then commit ted suicide with the same weapon at her home. No cause for the crime is known. Fire in a former mail house at St. Louis, Mo., at the union depot did $75,000 worth of damage and for a time thratened the trainshed, bag gage room and express office. The wonder chrysantenum plant of the world, coming from the green houses of Hamilton McK. Twombly, at Madison, N. J., is on exhibition at the national flower show, in Chicago. This flower is only nine months old. only three fett high, has five hundred blooms and is twenty feet in diame ter. Washington. A grand total of $2,069,289,196 worth of mineral products in the United States is announced in the statistical summary for the calendar year 1907, by the geological survey. Of this amount $1,116,165,191 was nometalic; $903,024,005 metalic and SIOO,OOO non specifled. The mineral products for the previous year aggregated $1,904,- 007,034. The torpedo flotilla of six vessels now at Annapolis, has been ordered to Charleston, S. C., for repairs, pre paratory to leaving there December 5 for Pensacola. This practically is thte beginning of the Charleston yeard as a repair station. Examinations by United States na val experts in wireless telephony as to the sound which will carry the greatest distance develops that the steam siren under seventy-two pounds of steam' pressure, will emit a blast which may be heard forty miles. Next comes the steam whistle, the sound of which is carried twenty miles. Among the softer sounds which carry a con siderable distance is the whistling buoy installed under the light house board, which has frequently been heard fifteen miles. FATAL DUEL IN STREET Ex-Senator Carmack, of Tennes see, Killed by Robin Cooper. POLITICS CAUSED TRAGEDY Cooper Had Warned Carmarck to Stop Attacking Him in Editorials in His Newspaper. Nashvile, Tenn. —Asa sequel to the recent bitter democratic primary for the gubernatorial nomination in Ten nessee, Hon. Edward Ward Carmack, former United States senator from Tennessee, was shot and killed in a street duel here by Robin Cooper, a young attorney. Young Cooper was wounded in the shoulder by a bullet from Carmack’s revolver, and is un der police surveillance in a local hos pital. His condition is not serious. Carmack was wounded three times —in the neck, the breast and the left shoulder. Colonel Duncan B. Cooper, father of the younger man, was with his son during the affray, but did not fire a shot. The direct cause of the killing was a recent series of editorials in The Tennesseean, a daily paper of which Mr. Carmack became editor after his defeat for the nomination for gover nor. The editorials in question have been vigorous in their comment on Colonel Cooper and his alleged connec tion with what Mr. Carmack termed the “democratic machine” and its methods. Colonel Cooper, who is well known in business, newspaper and political circles in Tennessee and the south, had, it is said, notified Mr. Carmack that the references to him must cease. The men fought at close quarters, and there w-ere but few witnesses. The tragedy created the most intense excitement throughout the city, and, within a shorUtime, the streets were thronged. It is understood that the trouble is one of the results of the recent dem ocratic gubernatorial primary, in which Carmack was defeated. Car mack has, since he has been editor of The Tennesseean, been quite caus tic in criticizing what he called the democratic machine, and has had sev eral editorials about Colonel Cooper. Within the past few days, it is said, Coonel Cooper notified Carmack that these editorial criticisms must cease. Later another editorial reference to Colonel Cooper appeared in The Ten nesseean, and this is supposd to have been the immediate cause of the trou ble. Memphis, Tenn. —Former United States Senator Edward W. Carmack, who was shot and killed at Nashville, was born near Castalian Springs, in Sumner county, Tennessee, November 8, 1858. He had an academic educa tion; studied law; practiced in Colum bia, Tenn., and was a member of the legislature of 1884. He was a delegate to the national democratic convention of 1896, and a member of congress in 1597T901, from the tenth congressional district of Tennessee. He served with distinc tion in the United States senate for six years, being defeated for re-elec tion in the primary a little over a year ago by former Governor Robert L. Taylor. •Last spring he opposed Governor Patterson for the democratic guberna torial nomination, championing the cause of state-wide prohibition. He was defeated. Shortly after his defeat Mr. Car mack was offered the editorship of The Nashvile Tennesseean. He ac cepted the offer, and since then and for the last two months has been at the head of The Tennesseean. DAMAGE BY FOREST FIRES. Hundreds of Thousands Worth of Tim ber Were Destroyed. Nashvile, Tenn. —Forest fires are do ing great damage in this state, West ern Kentucky and Northern Alabama Timber amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars have been de stroyed during the past ten days and the fires are reported to be still burn ing, and an immense amount of val uabe timber in the West Tennessee river bottoms has been destroyed com pletely. in Hopkins and other western Ken tucky counties, where no rain has fall en of any consequence since July, the damage from forest fires has been very great. In North Alabama, particularly in Limestone and Madison counties, large tracts of valuable timber and miles of fencing have been wiped out by the forest fires, which are still burning fu riously. Bank Cashier Given Five Years. Mobile, Ala. —In the circuit court of Jackson county, Mississippi, W. J. Stewart, who was cashier of the de funct Scranton State bank, was tried by a jury and found guilty and sen tenced to five years in the peniten tiary. He was charged with receiving funds in the bank, knowing it was in solvent. For Spelling Reform. London, England.—As a result of a visit of Dr. Charles P. G. Scott, sec retary of the simplified spelling board of America, and Professor James W. Bright of Johns Hopkins university, the American movement for reformed spelling was established in Europe. Governor’s Son Joins Army. Chicago, 111. —Among those accepted for enlistment at the opening of the United States army’s night recruiting station here was Malcolm C. Patter son of Tennessee. He was shipped with others to Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis. Young Patterson, who gave his age as 21, and his occupation as a news paper reporter, said he was stranded here and later declared that Governor M. R. Patterson of Tennessee was his father. GOOD NEWS FOR UNEMPLOYED. ' Reported That 600,000 Mt „ Ar „ ‘ to Be Given Wcr * °° n New Vork City.—The vtu sociation of Manufacturer As ’ m the current issue of Amer? b Bhea dustries, its official masraJfr au In tinuation ot the statemlnu •**'*“' conditions contributed h v , n members representing every hr, 3 L " W industry. The first serie/ £ an ' h -<* statements, showing improvement P® commercial conditions anneal • !n October 15 issue of the Tag"'„">> * senes now published indicates a T tinuation of this improvement'aw £?' the most part an optimistic view the business outlook. °* Telegrams were also sent Dr h r . the election to a number of tions’ members, asking them specifically how many working V, “ would be added to their present [LI by December 1, if nothing occurred tn shake commercial confidence, a r sumo of the information contained it these replies is also given bv the ma* azine as fololws: “The percentage of replies received -indicate that an average of 135 each will be added to t Lie majority manufacturing plants in the \?socia tion by December 1. The percental shows that at least one-half of the 3 000 members of the National Assccia tion of Manufacturers expect to add to their present force more than 200- 000 working men. “Taking this as a basis,” says the article, “it is safe to assume that the 13,000 manufactuories, which, accord ing to the census of 1900, employed an average of 100 men or over, each will add at least 50 per cent to the pres ent force, making a total in round fi. ures of 650,000 men. In other words ! with the continuance of business con fidence of ..6 ..6 ..6 .6 ..6.. fidence the important manufacturing interests of the country will be ena bled to increase their present force bv more than half a million workingmen to meet the market demands for their products*. “In securing this information demo cratic and republican manufacturers alike were addressed. No attempt was made to limit the canvass to any particular section of the country, and the queries sent to manufacturers were based solely upon actual bust* ness conditions and business possibil ities for the future.” 12,5007003 BALES OF COTTON. Needed to Prevent Decrease in StocK* Next Year. Washinngtcn, D. C. The world's production of cotton for mill consump tion during the year ending August 31, 1908, exceeded 2,310,000 bales the production of the previous year, ac cording to the census bureau's report on the supply and the distribution of cotton. It is a significant fact, the report shows, that the fluctuations in the world’s supply of cotton is meas ured practically by the variations in the annual production in the United States. If the consumption of cotton in 1903 equals that in 1908, the United States, it is declared, must contribute about 12,500,000 bales to prevent further de crease in stocks, number of cot ton spindles in this country is 27,064,- 387, the distribution among the states giving Massachusetts 34 per cent, South Carolina 13 per cent and North Carolina 11 per cent. Rhode Island ranks fourth in the list. The num ber of spindles has increased 23 per cent in the last eight years and the consumption of cotton 24 per cent. RATTLESNAKE GN MENIJ. For Gold Camp Borders When Meat Was Exhausted. Svlvanite, New Mexico. —Sylvanite, the newest gold camp of New Mexico, now considers itself strictly on the map in the matter of up-to-date dish es. The piece de resistance at one hotel recently was rattlesnake, and you can't get that even in New loik. The supply of fresh meat in the town ran out and the guests who pay a dav for board kicked for meai. William Gcdsmfth, the proprietor, decided to have meat or bust, am, hir ed everybody lie could to go a tei rattlers. In three hours they gin sev enty-eight snakes, for which the> go 50 cents each. The snakes weie giea. ly relished by the hungry guests. USED DYNAMITE TO SCARE WOMAN Effort Made to Secure SIO,OOO from Mrs. Genevieve Phipps. Denver, Col. —A woman, gi'hig her name as Mrs. H. C. Cones, compeliea Mrs. Genevieve Chander PhipP s * , divorced wife of Lawrence Phipps, Pittsburg millionaire, to take her l * her automobile to a hank for the I pose of getting SIO,OOO that she _ manded of Mrs. Phipps, on pain or us ing blown to pieces with dynani -• At the bank Mrs. Cones was overpo • ered by special officers and P a under arrest. LEPER AT WASHINGTON. Government Will Not Deport Ea r 'Z 3 North Carolina. Washington, D. C. — Secretary Co*, telyou has announced that he in the recent decision ol A* J ! i ; General Bonaparte against the * tation of John R. Early, the - " Carolina leper, who is kept der guard. Mr. Cortelyou hoa . while he has authority to nia “ e . ° ulations to prevent the in’rcun of contagious or infectious c into a state or territory or the 0 trict of Columbia from any i; ta has no authority to make an^,1 u 'X te d which Early can be legally , from this city or the state <■ Carolina required to receive * PAYS SIO,OOO FIVE. Government Ink Inspector P |e3Cifi Guilty of Attempt to Defrauo* Washington, D. C.—Edwin Dyke, former ink inspectoi ot - reau of printing and engraving.• ’’ ed guilty to two charges of 1 n . to defraud the government on m* tfae tracts and paid a fine ot the largest ever paid in open cous- the District of Columbia. He haa |, r two clerk in Justice Gould s cot m . crisp bank notes of the so* ooU ination.