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Good Tips For Farmers- Some Valuable Especially For New England—Thorough Investigation by Expert in the Bureau of Plant Industry —Dairy Outlook Not So Satisfactory as Heretofore— Difficulties Due to High Price of Feed and Labor—Grass Lands Mismanaged—Reports From Farms—Crops De pend on Different Variations of One Rotation—New Kinds of Silage Corn Suggested. Asa result of three years’ study of the most successful dairy farms in New England, L. G. Dodge, scien tific assistant in the farm manage ment investigations of the Bureau of Plant Industry, has been able to re port to the bureau a series of criti cisms and suggestions which farmers may find of practical use. The in formation is timely, for although dairying has been a profitable busi ness in New England, conditions have changed in recent years, and the out look is said to be not as satisfac tory as it has been in the past- Some of the present difficulties are due to the high prices of concentrated feeds and of labor. Some sections of New England, furthermore, says Mr. Dodge, feel the pressure of unsatis factory market conditions, especially those sections which ship milk to the large cities, where the farmers are offered a price for their milk on which they can hardly make a profit. According to Mr. Dodge the fact that grass is so much at home in New England States has led to a serious fault in New England dairy farms, namely, the mismanagement of grass lands. This consists chiefly of a lack of proper treatment for permanent grass lands and of suitable rotation for other lands, as well as for the use of grass growing on land which does not give profitable returns from grass and should be devoted to tree growth, either as woodland or orchards. An other fault quoted is that of cutting the hay crop too late in the season, Mr. Dodge also notes the failure to utilize the land for other crops available for that section, especially corn. In southern New England he finds little difficulty in growing good silage corn, but as one travels north ward there is evidence of a lack of suitable varieties of corn for this pur pose. In all but the most northern counties in New England, Mr. Dodge believes, varieties of silage corn can be grown. What is most needed, he says, is to give sufficient attention to the selection of suitable seeds. Hon. C. L. Jones, of Penobscot County, Me., raises all the roughage and some of the grain for forty head of cattle, four hors.es and twenty sheep on forty acres of tillage, and spares from this area three or four acres for potatoes every year. About twelve acres of flint corn are grown each year for silage, nearly as much small grain, a mixture of oats and barley, and the remainder of the for ty acres, aside from the potatoes, is devoted ' hay. The rotation com prises one year of corn, one of small grain, one of clover hay, and part of the land is run for mixed hay a sec ond year. The land is seldom left in hay for more than two years before it is again plowed up for corn, mak ing either a three year or a four year rotation. The manure is in the late summer and fall with a ma nure spreader, both as a top dressing to the new seeding or other grass land and to the land to be used for corn the next year. It is applied at the rate of ten loads per acre for either purpose. The seeding is done with the grain in the spring. Mam moth clover is seeded at the rate of twelve to fourteen pounds to the acre, with two or three pounds of redtop and four quarts of timothy. The result of the short rotation, the frequent manuring, and the heavy seeding is a crop of three tons of hay to the acre at one cutting. Other crops yield in proportion, so that this farm furnishes feed for so large a number of stock that it seems un reasonable to the average dairyman. Another farm described is that of Professor J. W. Sanborn in New Hampshire, consisting of some 400 acres of tilled land suited to frequent plowing and rapid rotation, besides 100 acres of permanent meadow and another 175 acres of permanent pas ture. ft The 400 acres of easily owed land are put in a rotation as Jfllows: Corn, one year; peas and ■fts for hay, one year; clover for Ay, two cuttings, one year; sell, one year; Hungarian hay, one year; timothy for sell, two years, and then one for pasture. The hay from the cleared land in 1894, Sanborn took the 112 tons. was OT tons, this increase being accomnlhH by frequent plowing oftlL|i-i||^^^B| frequent applmiAiP^'" Ui •which to 'm laij m mggo/fSt has been shown in other places in New Eod, namely, that land which cfft be plowed conveniently and is therefore adaptable to a rapid rotation can by this kind of treatment generally be made to produce the roughage nec essary to keep a cow for each acre, at least, if it be supplemented with pasture for part of the summer feed of the cow. The fundamental principle on •which Professor Sanborn is working is that it is fully as much the amount of milk or butter produced per acre which counts as it is the amount per cow, and he is develop ing the land accordingly. To build up a dairy farm on a small acreage, of course, it becomes necessary to leave out the potatoes and hay to sell and to devote all of the tilled land to the support of the herd. In the vicinity of Boston, rye sown September 10 is ordinarily fit to cut for feed May 15 and lasts until about June 5. Winter wheat and vetch sown September 2 0 is fit to feed from June 5 to July 1, and any left over makes good hay. Oats and peas sown first April 18 will be fit to feed by July 1, and successive seedings, even up to July 1 on low land, will furnish green feed until September 1. It the later seedings must be omitted for lack of suitable land, green corn planted May 15 will fill the gap until the frost comes. Barley sown from June 20 to August 15 in successive lots will furnish feed for September and October. Under any other cir cumstances. than those described it does not seem economical to follow this system, for summer feeding of silage saves the daily labor of cut ting and hauling a green crop on any farm where there is land enough to use for growing good clover hay in a rotation with silage corn. The methods which are to be gen erally recommended to dairymen in New England for the producing of feed apply equally to much of the State of New York, at least to all the eastern portion of it. They are brief ly as follows: In the first place, all land which can be used at all in such a manner should be kept in a short rotation, not more than three or four or, at the most, five years long. This should bring the time which any piece of land is used for hay before replowing down to two or three years at the most. This short rotation gives more clover in the hay, since clover is short lived, only good for two years from the time of seeding, at best. The clover not only im proves the quality of the hay, but when hay is grown for three years, increases the yield of the hay crop for a year after the clover is gone. If cut for hay only two years, the clover materially aids the yield of corn or other crop which immediately fol lows it. If, as is often the case, a good catch of clover is not easily obtained, the land should be limed, for too much acidity in the soil seems to be the greatest drawback to clover cul ture in New England. Land plaster, wood ashes, or fertilizers containing much potash contribute to the same end. The only precaution to be ob served is in the case of where potatoes are an important crop, for then one must be cautious about lim ing; potato scab may thereby he in creased. In that case a fertilizer high in potash, such as is used for potatoes, does much to improve the clover crop. The chief difficulty in growing si lage corn in northern New Englond is in getting a suitable variety, and farmers are strongly urged to take advantage of such new varieties of silage corn as may be offered for trial by the agricultural experiment sta tions of their respective Stated or by the United States Department of Ag riculture, and also to select their own seed in order to improve it. In the most northern sections, such as northern Maine, where corn is out of the question and potatoes fill the place of corn in a rotation, silage can still be made from Japanese mil let or other crops and succulent win ter feed thus provided. Clover and Italian rye grass are successfully used for silage in the State of Washing ton. This combination is worthy of trial in northern Maine. It should be noted that all, or near ly all, of the cropping systems that have been mentioned here are de pendent on different variations of one rotation. Several different rotations may compose the system on any farm, and one rotation may follow anoth er on the same field, or different fields may be used continuously different rotations. The however, are based on the common in many localities — is, corn, small grain, grass. Corn may be replaced by potatoes, and that is very profitably done in the potato districts or in the most northern counties of New England, where corn small grain may be left grass (and clover) seed or corn may be grown Bs, instead of one. of years of hay grow ing yary from one to five, and jthe smlj grains may be used as grain jpr go m SU ppiement or enrich the Ippply pay. Even the rotations iftr a scßj n g system are usually based ™V h jfc ame foundation, the crops coining after corn, two of them ently peing grown in a year, en the land put back to corn The of the New England dairyman feed for his cows appear t ) lt . use of short rotation all the clover hay and that can be grown; timing for clover, if need be; better management, es pecially in the use of manure, of land which is not fit for short rotations; and the utilizing of the various other crops that have been mentioned to fill the gaps with succulent feed or add in quantity and quality to the ordinary hay crop.—W. E. 8., in the Boston Transcript* New York City.—The fancy waist chat is made with the girdle attached is so attractive and so becoming as well as so satisfactory to wear that it is quite easy to explain its growing popularity. This one is closed invisi bly at the back and made in guimpe Btyle, but the sleeves can be made to match the yoke or of thinner material in color to match the blouse as liked, and the trimming portion can be al most any one of the handsome trim ming materials offered, or be made of plain silk or other material either braided with soutache or embroid ered. In this instance both the blouse and trimming portions are braided with soutache, while the chemisette and the long sleeves are of all-over lace and the girdle is of messaline sati*. The color of the blouse and the girdle is one of the pretty new grays, but the lace is ivory white, such combinations being very lovely as well as very fashionable. Net tucked, plain and in all fancy designs is much used for the guimpe portions, can be used in match ing c<<^^^fc^|gferred. The with a lining which is smoothly fitted, and on >which is arranged the draped chemi sette and the portions of the blouse, while the long sleeves are joined to its armholes, the shorter ones being joined to the blouse only. The lower edges of the blouse and lining are joined to a fitted girdle over which the draped one is arranged. The quantity of material required for the medium size is one and seven eighth yards twenty-one or twenty four, one and a quarter yards thirty two, seven-eighth yard forty-four with three-eighth yard eighteen inches wide for the chemisette and long sleeves, five-eighth yard of silk for the girdle, soutache to design used. ft Jet Bwclry. It is now reserved for the 08. New Blouses Hav Long Sleeves. Even the new biases and separate waists, whether fcS morning, after noon or evening uft, will invariably display the long sßeve. Those for morning wear are mi bishop sleeve style, closing with bßd cuffs. Rosettes For^Hittons. As fashionable black soft satin buttons are, the smart est coats shows rosßd;es instead. These are placed at regßar intervals &nd are made of panne or satin. Buff Gown. Asa rival of white this season for handsome evening gowns there is a pale shade of buff which is exceed ingly attractive. It comes in chiffon cloth, satin and gauzes. Misses’ Guimpe. Guimpe dresses are so general for young girls th.at pretty guimpes are always needed. This one is novel and attractive, yet quite simple and al lows variations of several sorts. In the illustration it is made of lawn, with embroidered net applied to form a yoke and front portion and with mousquetaire sleeves, but the lace could be applied to make a yoke only if preferred, and either plain or mous quetaire sleeves can be cut off in three-quarter length. All-over lace, tucked, fancy and plain nets, lingerie material, chiffon, thin silk and every thing of the sort is appropriate for the facing and sleeves; if liked the guimpe can be made of one material throughout. When made with the facings the foundation or lining can be cut away beneath to give a trans parent effect. The mousquetaire sleeves are the most practical when arranged over the plain ones, serving as a lining, for this lining can be cut from thin transparent material if de sirable, while it serves as support for the fulness, but they can, neverthe- less, b€> made unlined and the gath ers simply stayed if better liked. The guimpe is made with front and backs. The facings are applied on in dicated lines, and the high collar finishes the neck. The plain sleeves are made in two portions, but the full or mousquetaire sleeves are cut all in one. The quantity of material required for the sixteen-year size is two and three-quarter yards one and five-eighth yards inches wide with three yards one and a half yards forty-four inches wide to make as illustrated. Waist Smartness. Crepe de chine of heavy soft ture is, it is said, to be one of leading materials for fall waists*ior tailor-mades. Net of the same color as the gown is also to be used. A New Color. The new color, manille, much in Paris in model hats and gowns, ii a very dark brownish taupe, and has been seen on hats designed by Pari jsian milliners. THE PULPIT.- A BRILLIANT SUNDAY SERMON BY THE REV. DR. C. F. AKED. Theme: Chesterton's Discovery. New York City.—The Rev. C. P. Aked, D. D., the pastor of the Fifth Avenue Baptist Church, preached in his pulpit Sunday. His subject was “How Mr. Chesterton Discovered England.” He took for his text Mat they 11:28 and 29, “I will give you rest.” “Ye shall find rest unto your souls.” “Come unto Me all ye that are weary and heavy laden and I will give you rest. Take My yoke upon you and learn of Me, for 1 am meek and lowly in heart, ana ye shall find rest unto your souls,” and said: This is Christianity’s first invita tion to the world. It applies the test of universal religion. For the test of universal religion is not in the num bers of those who accept it, but in the varieties of men and women who ac cept it, and whose needs it meets and satisfies. This invitation has been accepted by every kind and condition of men and women throughout the whole of the human race; and every type of character, eAery circumstance of need has responded to this invita tion. The men and women who have accepted have found the rest for their souls which Christ promised. But I am not going to preach to-night upon this text. Millions of gracious sermons have been preached upon it and millions of souls have been won to the rest promised. I have one purpose only in repeating the words at the outset, and that is that you may use them, not as a text to ex pound but as a motto of that which is to follow', for I purpose to speak about a conspicuous figure in the world of letters who has accepted this invitation of Christianity and found rest for his doubting, wondering, in quiring mind, rest for his turbulent spirit; and he has written a book tell ing us how he found his way to Chris tianity and to the rest that Chris tianity offers. The man is Mr. Chesterton. His books are freely on sale in this coun try and he occupies a very conspic uous place in English literary life. The book is called “Orthodoxy.” It is a story—autographical—of the way in which he brings himself to the ac ceptance of Christianity. The style is all his own. He is the supreme master of paradox among living xnen the wide world over. His purpose is to take any statement about any mor tal thing and show that universally the contrary is true. If, for instance, I say that the doctrine of original sin is gloomy and depressing his method is to show that the doctrine of orig inal sin is universally the most brac ing and most invigorating and ex hilarating that the mind of man can conceive. That is the man’s way, and he has attained to enormous influence and his books to enormous sale by working this paradoxical method. It does not follow because I call your attention to this book that I am com mending it unreservedly, but the value of the book is that it stimulates thought. It sets you thinking about the deepest and highest things, and many things deeply suggestive and helpful to spiritual life. In one sense it is a corrective of that very curious ingrained temper of our day which launches every now and then an en tirely new and original gospel that is going to supersede all other gospels that have ever been preached and bring in the millenium by special ex press with all expenses paid within the next fortnight. We have seen too much of that sort of thing and it Is a corrective of this curious habit, this launching w r ith banners flying and bands playing, a gospel of to morrow, which, on examination, proves to be merely a second-hand copy of a sleepy edition of the gospel of yesterday afternoon. Mr. Chesterton likens himself to an English yachtsman, who in the Eng lish Channel loses his bearings and in his imagination thinks he is in the Southern Pacific and on approaching the land believes it is some uninhab ited or savage island. He goes ashore prepared to meet wild men ad ani mals, and discovers that among his own people in the streets of Dover or Chester ton sets out to discojUr anew ethic, anew philosophy a new moral ity, and he discovered Christianity. I have not been in this country twen ty months yet, but I am quite certain that there have been twenty new gos pels launched upon an astonished public during that time. I remember one that was to take possession of the church to win the world to Christ inside of the next twelve months. The publisher sent me a copy of the book for my opinion, and I wrote him that I did not care two straws about that sort of thing, but before the ink in my signature was dry a friend called on me and I asked him how Dr. So and So’s scheme was getting on. “Oh,” he said, “he is about through with it.” . I said, “Why, I have only just got his book from the publisher.” “That does not make a difference,” said my friend. “But,” I said, “how can he have got through with it already?” He looked at me with pity for my insular ignorance and non-apprecia tion of the ignorance of the American mind and said, “Have you not been here long enough to know how easily we take a thing up and how much more easily we drop it again?” The fact is that what is new in these new schemes is not true, and what is true in them is not new. lam very glad to have such a man as Chesterton, with his paradox, irony and sarcasm, calling attention to the utter folly of being led by this or by that, because it pretends to be new. You may say we are in a progressive age, but it is because we are progressive that we must preserve our self-respect and %ot be carried away by this and that „ “wind of doctrine.” Looking back fer twenty recall in .merable philosophies at have tried to take possession of and the church; but they have gone and the old faith, the old relig ion and the old belief in Jesus and the transcendent, more cer tain id lovable than anything else: In le cross of Christ I glory, Tomering o’er the wrecks of time. All tile light of sacred story Gathers round its head sublime. Mr. Chesterton tells us the way in Vhich he found his way to belief and found rest, and he amazement with whfcw abo tk. p h ° w ,°2 e “Action to n canceled another out T R hrl la M .'! jection to Christianity 3'? 1? Pletely answeredby a*"! 11 Ucl mn from some other 1° her found he says, one obw t i' tot - H. agnostic manual to clJ tlon to 5! the ground that it is ?' l3tla Uv t°Zd and ? nother "Luw’cS'J?" ity had cast a rose pink v ei i rist,au human life, with a silly mentalism about this bel"% *•£ of all possible worlds. Wt other objection that it has i, *• weaa and that e •> the virility, all the manhnJ o'* 0 '* us and another that i deluged the nations with aw? N Christianity, he asks, a ~ ' meeKness and mildness orSS n °t der and massacre? It m av u of the other, but it cannot be w* the same time. e at You remember the humors by John Godfrey Saxe a w?v Bp °* blind Hindus who went t! tbe f °nr elephant. They could not sep r** ** phant, but they said what t k tn9eie * seen. One happened to lean # y the elephant and declared ?? ainst much like a wall. Another , Was of his tail and described him acV holil like a rope. Another got h i 3 and said he was a serpent ! i fourth ran against his tusk an? the he was shaped very much like a The fact is that they had not * pear elephant at all. that is my sermon. The nw have never seen Christianity they have never understood n, !• tianity at all. They have seen ! t fragments—the tail or ear of?? elephant—but they have no? * Christianity and know not what \ 6ea The difficulties of reliSL S ' great, but the difficulties of unbpl u! are infinitely greater, it is nn 7? ef that Christianity in its f u n n ?! f ll9 simple thing that anybody can L in two minutes. There are and perplexities, but the difficult es and perplexities and problems n wh:b you involve yourself !y t U rejection of Christianity ar* far grit er than those involved in its accent ance I could present half a dozen* I will present one: If unbelief has stated the case truly to us j eS n S Christ was only a peasant boy’, a car penter and a fanatic for religion, who lived in an obscure part of the Rq. man empire and died as a criminal after three years of agitation. That is all. And yet Christianity, the most tremendous and colossal fact in the world, has all grown out of that 1 Men and women, ignorant and wise, in widely different circumstances, tell' you that they have been down’ and have been raised, have had burdens lifted from their shoulders, strength came to them, enabling them to bear their loads, they have been conscious of sin and realized forgiveness, the chains have dropped from their man acled spirits and they have walked in the freedom of manhood and woman hood, they tell you they have been lost and were found. I myself have at times seen through the vail that hides the invisible from the visible and have been sure of a God, and I have risen from what I thought the very gates of death and have walked the hills of life again, and found that my Saviour was by my side. If you' want to know whether Christianity is true, try it. The objections contra dict bach other, and are not true. Christianity stands and Christ makes His appeal still to you to-night and offers the invitation: “Come unto Me all ye that labor and are heavy ladeD, and I will give you rest." Sacredness of Small Things. We should realize the sacredness of small things which we ignore or despise—the deed that uplifts, al though it is unheralded; the word that inspires, although uttered so gently that your neighbors do not hear it; the hand clasp which puts your brother firmly on his feet with out public applause. Hence the small things dare not be despised by those of us who wish to rise to higher things. I thank God for our religious privi leges. We all have equal rights ui der the Stars and Stripes. The Prot estant and Catholic, the Jew and Gentile, the Mohammedan may bull his mosque, the Buddhist bis temple- We have no State church, no coercive religious laws. We are responsible to no human power for cur religion convictions, responsible only to Gofl- The church that makes the best me and women is the best church. Jesus Knows. . Christ's message to the churches Asia all begin with the words, know thy tribulation,” ‘‘l know w ■ ; thou dwellest,” “I know thy po' eT ’ It is as if He would lay the T> u tion for His encouragement 01 warning in the assurance of ' pathy. He always begins H l3 "l der stand. judgment, we Wr ig . the indifference thaLWrmgs - norance. He understands, an * fore can judge; He knows, an fore can help.—Pacific Bapii= ■ Rendering Tribute to There are three ways oi tribute to Christ —with the ’ e3 j heart and the will. I e”cpnseto to your minds. No man oi - j ? day denies the Christ; r hearts past. Ido not appeal t° > it's and w r ork on your symp<- _ and easy enough to make worn- often get into a state of ecs^a . clir ; s t mistaken for real s . urr f D , ; r Vwitb liie I appeal to your will, for h that will alone that you mu- of great question, What 1 Christ?” The Purpose of God-■ The purpose of Goci ‘ . nO ttled§ o revelation for us is 11 1 “ s to sej* alone. Men devote the „ ur pose ‘. s ence and philosophy. £ ot we&JV not physical power. 1 through h and luxury. God com &Q( j pgr* word to give us eternal * - don from the powerju^^ .Chance. $ p There is no such tlnng f tboU gM; 1 the world'. It is an ei* - n atur e , f l a misapprehension o ■_ are in things, xo imagine tb.a £ c sense under the dominion^ The Reward. jA God puts consolation S* e ■ has first put pain chine.