Newspaper Page Text
BRISBANE
THIS WEEK
The Gold Decision
Beheading Women
Murder With Germs
The Atom. Absolute Zero
The Supreme court upholds the Pres¬
ident and congress in their legislative
and executive ac¬
tion outlawing gold
as money in the
United States and
invalidating “gold
clauses’* in private
contracts.
The Supreme
court’s decision is
all the more impor¬
tant and gratifying,
because every
American knows
that no considera¬
tion outside the
letter of the Con¬
Arthur llrluhlinr stitution could have
Influenced Chief
Justice Hughes or It is associates.
The Supreme court decision disposes
of the statement that President Roose¬
velt's administration has been proceed¬
ing “regardless of the Constitution.”
The decision will lie reassuring to busi¬
ness and the public generally.
From every point of view the be¬
heading of women by Mr. Hitler’s gov¬
ernment seems to have been a pain¬
fully disgusting performance. The
women’s hands were bound with steel
chains—in fear, perhaps, that they
might bite through strings or straps.
The agile headsman, m full dress, cut
off both heads In six minutes. The
women were beheaded out of doors in
the night. Just before dawn, with flood¬
lights for the headsman’s work.
Witnesses of the killings praise the
composure of the two women. Each
walked to her death erect, wrists
chained behind her, showing no sign of
fear. An eyewitness said: “They set
a good example to our men, whom we
usually have to drag to the scaffold.”
You have read about “war with
germs" In the next great outburst.
India proves that it could be done.
At Alipore two are condemned to death,
convicted of "germ murder.” As rich
Amarendra Nath l’andey walked along
the street lu* felt a sharp stall. He
cried out. A germ poisoner had In¬
jected plague germs Into his lilood.
Amarendra died. His murderers were
his step-brother and Ills doctor. Two
other doctors, accused, were acquitted.
A well-organized germ war could be
disagreeable, distributing disuse germs
above great cities and It" reservoirs
from planes.
At Leyden, in Holland, scientists
have produced a degree of cold said
to approach within one five-thousandth
of a degree of absolute zero.
A gigantic electro magnet, in com¬
bination with liquid helium, produces
the lowest temperature ever known on
earth.
The lowest possible degree of cold,
the absolute zero, would be minus 273
degrees centigrade, or minus 459.6
Fahrenheit. At least science thinks so.
It used to call the atom “smallest frag¬
ment of matter."
Science needs “absolute zero" to help
In tearing apart the atom, now known
to be a miniature solar system.
Doctor Steinach of Vienna, whose
business has lieen transplanting glands
of lower animals to the bodies of
men, to prolong youth and extend the
years of possible parentage, an¬
nounces now a "chemical substance”
that makes transplanting glands un¬
necessary. The chemical, called prog-
ynon, possibly a compound of "prog¬
eny,” Is available for men or women.
The fact that a demand for It exists
proves what fools there are. among
men and women, seeking for more
trouble, after kind nature has set them
free.
Henry Ford views money philosophi¬
cally as merely an abstract "Indefinite,
Incoherent homogeneity." as Herbert
Sjiencer might have called it Mr.
Cameron, broadcasting, mentioned cas¬
ually the fact that Mr. Ford 1n one
year lost $<>8,000,000,
When this writer asked Henry Ford
what was the most money he had lost
In any year while “changing type" and
reorganizing, he replied: “1 didn’t lose
any money. 1 only distributed some
money.”
It has been customary at executions
In New Jersey state prison to admit
relatives of a murdered man, that they
may witness the killing of the mur¬
derer; very considerate. If relatives
of one murdered really desire to see
the murderer as he sits in the chair,
straining agninst the straps and froth¬
ing behind the mask. It 1s safe to
predict that Colonel Lindbergh will re¬
ject the Invitation to see Hauptmann
put to death for the kidnaping and
murder of his child.
James A. Moffett, federal housing
administrator, says the country Is out
of the depression but does not know it.
In the West he “found business condi¬
tions definitely Improved. Los Angeles
alone has pledged $100,000,000 In new
construction and modernization Involv¬
ing all types of buildings.” San Fran¬
cisco likewise has embarked on an am
bitious building program.
Now if 10.000,000 or 12,000.000 idle
Americans can get back to jobs, even
though they may “not know it,” all
"will be well.
©. Kine Features Syndicate. Inc.
WNU Service.
DADE COUNTY TIMF«* THURSDAY. FEBRUARY 28, 1935
CURRENT EVENTS
PUSS II REVIEW
ADMINISTRATION GOLD LAWS
SUSTAINED BY DECISION OF
SUPREME COURT.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
©. Western Newspaper Union.
1 PRESIDENT New Dealers ROOSEVELT breathed easier and after the
the United States Supreme court hand¬
ed down Its decision sustaining inval-
i d a 11 o n of "gold
clause s” in private
contracts, hut not on
federal bonds. While
it was held that the
government must pay
off Its bonds In gold or
Its equivalent In de¬
valued currency, an¬
other ruling that the
Court of Claims bad
no jurisdiction over
President such cases means that
Roosevelt It would be impossible
for holders of federal
bonds to collect on their old gold basis
In otiier words, the holder of a $1,000
federal bond Is entitled to a technical
value of $1,690, but in reality It would
be Impractical to make any collection
of that amount, since the Court of
Claims Is the only tribunal before
which suits against the government
may be taken, and other courts may
not entertain such suits without a spe¬
cial act of congress.
The court also held that those who
held gold certificates had no cause of
action and could not sue the govern¬
ment The power of congress to deal
with currency was fully upheld.
Not only this country, hut (he entire
world, awaited what the “nine lonely
old men" of tin* Supreme court had to
say about the Roosevelt monetary pol¬
icies. The decision Is ranked with the
court’s decisions In the’Dartmouth col¬
lege cases in 1818 which upheld the
sanctity of contract, and In the Dred
Scott slavery case in 1857 which had
much to do with hastening the out¬
break of the Civil war.
Briefly, the ruling said:
1. Congress has the power to nullify
promises to pay In gold contained in
the bonds of private corporations.
2. A gold certificate is worth only
Its face value in present devalued cur¬
rency. Congressional power over the
currency Includes the right to estab¬
lish circumstances under which gold
certificate* need not he redeemed in
gold or Us equivalent.
3. Congress has no authority under
the Constitution to abrogate the pay-
nient-ln-gold clause of government
bonds, but, as no actual damage has
been shown, therefore there Is no
basis for suit for recovery.
The decision was read by Chief Jus¬
tice Charles Evans Hughes, who voted
with Justices Brandels, Stone, Roberts
and Cardozo In the majority. Dissent¬
ers were Justices McReynolds, Van
Decanter, Sutherland and Butler, the
four so-called conservatives.
Satisfaction within the administra¬
tion was evident at once.
Justice McReynolds was spokesman
for the dissenters. He unleashed a
scathing attack on the majority views.
His voice vibrant, he said:
"The Constitution us we have known
It Is gone."
“If given effect, the enactments here
challenged will bring about confisca¬
tion of property rights and repudia¬
tion of national obligations.”
"Just men regard spoliation of clti-
zvu* by their sovereign with abhor-
rtlFe, but we nre asked to nttirm that
the Constitution has granted power to
accomplish both."
"No definite delegation of such a
power exists; and we cannot believe
the farseeing framers, who labored
with hope of establishing justice and
securing the blessings of liberty. In¬
tended that the exacted government
should have authority to annihilate Its
own obligations and destroy the very
rights which they were endeavoring to
protect.”
Notified that Chief Justice Hughes
was reading the decision, President
Roosevelt went to the cabinet room,
where he listened to telephone reports
from an aid. Three cabinet officers
were at his side. The Chief Executive
was prepared to take swift action to
protect the credit of the government
In case an adverse decision was hand¬
ed down, but executive orders were
unnecessary. The carefully prepared
program was not needed.
After a three-hour conference be¬
tween the President and administra¬
tion lenders. Attorney General Cum¬
mings said:
"As far as they concern us, the de¬
cisions constitute a complete victory
for the government all along the line.”
The announcement caused stock and
commodity markets to soar, and be¬
cause of the speculative frenzy, the
Chicago Board of Trade suspended all
trading temporarily In accordance with
a recent resolution of the directors.
Grain exchanges In other cities did
likewise. Stock exchanges remained
open and the ticker was soon nine min¬
utes behind the trading. Railroad
stocks were particularly strong in view
of the decision which held the carriers
would not be obliged to liquidate their
obligations in the new currency at the
present price of gold. Had an adverse
decision been handed down, a number
of the country's strongest lines would
have been forced into bankruptcy.
OOSTILITIES between Senator
*1 Long and Postmaster General
Farley moved swiftly toward a climax.
Without objection the senate adopted
Huey's resolution demanding that Sec¬
retary of the Interior Ickes supply to
that body any Information he may
have regarding Investigations of pub¬
lic works contracts with which Farley
may have been connected. The post¬
master general, who was In Sarasota,
Fla., said merely: "I do not take It
seriously.”
Long did not get along so well with
his demand for a senatorial investi¬
gation of Farley. It was referred to
the post office committee, and Chair¬
man McKellar said: "If there is any¬
thing to be investigated it will be In¬
vestigated. But 1 don’t know what
the acts are. My committee will in¬
vite Farley and Ixrng before it and
will settle the matter on Its merits as
shown by the facts adduced.”
pvit. whose F. E. pension Townsend plan of for California, the aged
has gained the support of many thou¬
sands of thoughtless citizens, went
before the senate finance committee
and tried to explain how the govern¬
ment could get out of its economic
troubles by paying $200 monthly pen¬
sions to all persons over sixty, pro¬
vided each one must spend his $2()0
for commodities or services within the
country each month. The senators
didn’t treat the proposition with much
seriousness.
Chairman Harrison said that with
10.000,000 or more aged, the plan would
cost $24,000,000,000 a year. But a 2
per cent tax would raise only $5,000,-
oon.ooo, leaving a deficit of $19,000,-
000.000 a year.
“Yes." Townsend said, “but we will
not be able to put 10,000,000 on the
pension immediately. It took two
years to get 4.000,000 men Into the
army. We would have to examine each
citizen for his citizenship and age, as
we examined applicants for the army.”
O EPUBLICAN heavy guns, some
light ones and a few Democratic
mortars bombarded the $4,880,000,000
work relief bill In the senate, and then
the administration
forces had a breath¬
ing spell over the
week-end during which
they worked hard to
win over those mem¬
bers of their own par¬
ty who were consort¬
ing with the enemy.
Senator Vandenberg of
Michigan attacked the
measure with bitter¬
ness and sarcasm,
Senator suggesting this sub¬
Vandenberg stitute bill:
"1. Congress hereby appropriates
$4,880,000,000 to the President to use
as he pleases.
“2. Anybody who doesn’t like It Is
fined $1,000.”
Senator Adams of Colorado, Demo¬
crat, who fears un appropriation of the
size asked will damage the credit of
the nation, carried to the floor the
amendment that had been beaten in
committee, namely, cutting the total
amount to $2,880,000,000.
Senator McCarren of Nevada, also a
Democrat, was still arguing for his
plan that the committee had rejected
and the administration opposed, fixing
work relief wages at the rates prevail¬
ing in different localities. The bill as
modified by the senate appropriations
committee after long controversy re¬
quires that prevailing rates be paid if
the President finds wages in private
Industry are being undermined.
Vandenberg in the course of his
speech asserted the bill would permit
the government to compete with any
business It pleased. In reply to this
Senator Mahoney of Wyoming, who had
just called on the President, said from
the White House steps that Mr. Roose¬
velt Is determined to authorize only
projects that will not compete with
private Industry, and also that he “will
use all his influence to maintain rates
of wages and standards In private in¬
dustry.”
In a party conference the Republic¬
ans agreed to try to limit the bill to
one year instead of two. Their rea¬
son Is that as it stands the measure
gives the President authority to al¬
locate funds for projects through the
months when the 1936 Presidential
campaign will be going on. Most of
the Republicans also favored the pre¬
vailing wage amendment, and some of
them supported the plan fathered by
Adams. The administration Demo¬
crats were still confident they could
put the bill through without serious
changes.
r 1-/ IEUT. GALVIN M. BOLSTER, a
member of the crew of the Macon,
gave some sensational testimony be¬
fore the naval board of inquiry into
the causes of the disaster that befell
the dirigible. He said that several
months ago three girders in the ship’s
tall had sheared, and that only minor
repairs had been made because the
bureau of aeronautics ordered that
the work should not Interfere with
training flights. Bolster added that
this work had not been completed
when the Mncon started on her last
flight, but that he did not consider the
craft unsafe for flight over the ocean
except in extremely violent air.
The same indication of structural
weakness also was given by R. J.
Davis, chief boatswain’s mate, one of
tvre crewmen on duty near the "cas¬
ualty” spot In the rear
All four fins, two horizontal anu
two vertical, were fastened to me al¬
legedly weak girder, known technical¬
ly as “No. 17%.”
Commander P i Hatch. ,uuge ad¬
vocate of the court, made pointed In¬
quiries to determine if progressive
bumpings encountered in anchoring
the Macon at Its Sunnyvale base might
have strained the girder. The lower
fin was attached to the ground car In
the anchoring operation
Bolster said such was .. possibility,
but he did not see how such jars could
hurt the upper part of the girder,
where the casualty occurred.
A Y
National Topics Interpreted
by William Bruckart
National Press Building Washington, D. C.
Washington.—Certain signs of tran¬
sition are appearing in the political
picture. They are
Third Party becoming clear
Rumblings enough to deserve
attention. What they
may mean in the ultimate can be made
only the subject of a guess—politics
being what they are—hut interesting
circumstances can be noted as of this
day and time.
Third party rumblings are beginning
to be heard along the whole political
front. This is noteworthy because
third party rumblings usually are con¬
fined to a few sectors, some important,
some unimportant. The insurgents,
radicals, progressives, and independ¬
ents all seem to be examining the po¬
litical horizons of 1936. Roughly,
those factions enumerated have been
classified as the “sons of the wild jack¬
ass,” an appellation given them by
George H. Moses of New Hampshire,
when he was filling a Republican seat
In the United States senate. The fact
that they remain and that Mr. Moses
has passed out of the political picture
Is not the point. It was his descrip¬
tion of them that gave the country its
first grouping of the political factions
that have consistently kicked over the
traces of the major political parties.
The fact that these various groups
are again examining the potentialities
and the possibilities of 1936 brings di¬
rectly into question the progress made
by the New Deal in its program of
reformation or revolution, depending
on the political perspective from
which you consider the New Deal.
It is two years since President
Roosevelt carried his New Deal into
the White House. Much water has
gone over the dam since. Many ex¬
periments have been tried and many
have failed. Doubtless considerable
progress of a satisfactory form has re¬
sulted. Yet, the “sons of the wild
jackass” are not satisfied. It may
ho because Mr. Roosevelt has ceased
to pull so many white rabbits out of a
hat after the fashion of a magician,
that has caused unaffiliated factions
so much disturbance. Or it may be
because the Republicans, as the op¬
position party at present, have been
utterly stymied in their efforts to per¬
form opposition functions that have
proved the temptation for the so-called
left wingers to capitalize whatever
political opportunities remain for ex¬
ploitation.
I think it Is the general conclusion
that the New Deal has not come up to
expectations of the left wingers. Per¬
haps, it might be said that nothing
that the New Dealers can offer will be
quite satisfactory to the left wingers,
for they are difficult to satisfy. Their
fertile minds are even more produc¬
tive of experimental ideas than are
the minds even of the brain trusters,
and no one has ever said a brain trust
mind was not fertile. At any rate, the
circumstance is cut and dried and .in
abundance of material for a third
party awaits us by that type of politi¬
cian.
Observers here agree that one can¬
not consider the outlook for 1936, and
the national elections of that time,
without considering the influence that
these left wingers may wield. I be¬
lieve It is conceded everywhere that
if Mr. Roosevelt succeeds in leading
the country through to a higher level
of prosperity than now graces our for¬
tunes the Republican chances to de¬
feat him are very, very low. If, on
the other hand, conditions continue as
they now are, Mr. Roosevelt certainly
Is going to have to battle this progres¬
sive set-up—to adopt one label for all
of them—as well as the conservative
group centering largely in the Repub¬
licans. From this it becomes plain
that a third party probably would
draw away from Mr. Roosevelt all of
those radicals and liberals who would
go beyond his policies, while the Re¬
publicans obviously will hold their
own conservative strength and sap the
Roosevelt forces to some extent by
taking conservative Independents from
that side. All In all, If the third party
Idea comes through, we can look for a
fine political scramble from July to
November of the 1936 campaign.
The progressives, including such men
as LaFollette of Wisconsin, Norris of
Need Hero Nebraska, and
Wheeler of Montana,
Leader to name only three.
seem to feel that the
New l>eal program has about jelled.
They know, a$ all political observers
know, that there are a good many hun¬
dred thousand votes scattered around
waiting to be cast in favor of a pro¬
gram much more radical than that to
which Mr. Roosevelt has been willing
to agree. But the progressives haxe
a distinct problem of their own. It is
an entire absence of an outstanding
leader of the hero type who can sound
the trumpet and call for the progres¬
sives to “follow me.” My inquiries
among all veins of political opinion
have given me no clue to the name of
an individual who can head up the
movement. As I said above, however,
resu’ts cannot be predicted now and
one musr add to that statement aho
that one cannot guess at the leadership
of this new movement because it will
have to jeH further before that leader¬
ship appears on the horizon.
It is even possible that these cur¬
rent third party rumblings will mean
no more than they have in many cases
in the past. This is true because there
is not a Theodore Roosevelt in sight
at the moment and some astute politi¬
cians insist 'there is not one in the
country. If a man of the late Teddy’s
type and qualities should come to the
surface then probably this third party
movement would develop into formid¬
able proportions. If one does not show
up, I do not see how the progressives
will he any more in 1936 than the scat¬
tered fragments of a dozen-odd polit¬
ical philosophies.
That brings us to some of the cir¬
cumstances In congress at the present
time. In previous letters I have re¬
ported to you that there were signs
indicating difficulties for Mr. Roosevelt
In holding his gigantic Democratic ma¬
jorities together in the house and sen¬
ate. That condition has become some¬
what more aggravated than it ap¬
peared when I first commented upon
It. There have been minor defections
breaking loose from the Democratic
majority in the house and in the sen¬
ate with considerable frequency. On
one or two occasions the defections
were exceedingly large and, when
joined with the Republican minority,
were almost large enough to constitute
the majority strength. The Democrat¬
ic leadership has wriggled out, thereby
saving its skin, hut the margin of safe¬
ty was such as to cause sleepless
nights not only in the Capitol, but in
high places In the administration.
As one of the signs of this grow¬
ing discontent, one has only to look
back over the last few weeks and ob¬
serve the continued prodding being
given the administration from the
Democratic side. The worst phase of
this prodding is the apparent willing¬
ness of many Democratic representa¬
tives and senators to promote inves¬
tigations.
There is a faction in congress, all
claiming to be good Democrats, who
are on the trail of
Seek Farley’s postmaster General
Scalp Farley’s scalp. There
is another bloc of
equally good Democrats who would be
quite happy to have Secretary Ickes
ousted out of the position of secretary
of the interior and who squawked loud
and long about giving Mr. Ickes con¬
trol of the $5,000,000,000 relief appro¬
priation.
Within the last few days a gang has
banded together on the trail of Donald
Itichberg, until recently the man who
was closest of any in the administra¬
tion to the President To add to Mr.
Richberg’s troubles, he is on the outs
with the American Federation of La¬
bor and it must be said that the fed¬
eration can do a great deal with many
members of the house and senate. So,
when the legislation for continuance of
the National Recovery Administration
gets on the floors of congress I think
it is likely this group will tear off
some Richberg bark.
Governor Eccles of the Federal Re¬
serve bureau, a rather new New Deal¬
er and a fast thinker, has not helped
the administration’s situation in con¬
gress any by his bank bilL He has
antagonized the most virulent tighter
in the halls of congress, namely. Sen¬
ator Glass, Democrat of Virginia, by
the banking proposals which he spon¬
sored. Senator Glass has always had
a following in the senate and he has it
now. Whatever he does, therefore,
his leadership will be Important be¬
cause he will have not only his own
following but the conservative Repub¬
licans as well.
The banking legislation, according
to the view in many quarters, may
turn out to be the focal point, the is¬
sue, on which the line of cleavage be¬
tween the administration New Dealers
and the conservatives will be definite¬
ly established.
In discussing congressional troubles
for the administration no one dares
overlook the stocky
As to figure of Senator
Huey Long Huey just Long. Huey
does not like
Mr. Roosevelt. In fact Huey would
like to be President himself. Political
ambitions combined with a vitriolic
tongue give Huey a broad platform
upon which to perform and unless I
miss my guess he is willing to be in¬
creasingly troublesome to the admin¬
istration.
Huey knows that the admiuistration
is going to overlook no opportunity
for harpooning him. Among the exec¬
utive departments in Washington, one
hears hints, and sometimes more than
hints, that Huey is vulnerable and
that these weaknesses in his armor
will be exposed in due course. How
much steam the administration can or
will turn on is highly problematical.
It must be remembered that if, for ex¬
ample, Attorney General Cummings
should authorize or direct any ac¬
tion against Huey the Louisiana sen¬
ator immediately would capitalize
those orders as an administration
movement to persecute him. In other
words the administration is in a spot
where it can easily make a martyr
ou* of Huey. The result of that would
be to strengthen Huey’s position im¬
measurably. 1 am told that any fight¬
ing back on the part of the adminis¬
tration. in so far as Huey Long is
concerned, is going to be given long
and serious consideration because
Huey is a political bombshell.
©, Western Newspaper Pnion. l
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The secret of real relief from consti
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the dose can be measured to a drop’
Avoid laxatives that you can’t cut
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