Newspaper Page Text
tlon that the program he administered
by a single person. Madame Perkins
made a personal cali on Chairman
Doughton to argue for her proposal,
but didn't get anywhere at ail with
him, so it was figured that she might |
appeal to the White House.
'HE American Federation of Labor
proposes to find out immediately
what are its chances of fully organiz¬
ing the workers employed In the auto¬
mobile Industry—and If Doctor Wol-
man’s figures are correct It Is likely the
federation Is doomed to be gieatly dis¬
appointed. The method adopted Is the
calling of a secret strike vote among
members of the 170 federation locals
In the Industry. Organizer Francis J.
Dillon explained this did not neces¬
sarily mean there would be a strike, otily
the federation’s national officers having
authority to order such action.
"Now is the time to find out, once
and for all,’* he said, “whether the
workers in the automobile industry
want the American Federation of La¬
bor. If they want the union, we will
find.lt out through these strike votes.
If they don't, well . . .”
The automobile Industry is in the
midst of the busiest season It has bad j
since 1930. The great majority of its i
workers are not In the federation ranks
and probably would not strike; but its
plants could be seriously crippled by
strikes In allied industries. Perhaps the
American Federation of Labor leaders
have some way of explaining iiow all
this would help on the cause of na¬
tional Industrial recovery.
pvONALD LJ RICHBERG, executive dl-
rector of the National Emergency
council, and one of the closest advisers
of the President, “guaranteed” that
there would he no
m' monetary inflation as
long as Franklin D.
Roosevelt is Presi¬
dent. His statement
came In answer to a
questioner at a lecture
in Boston.
“If we are to as¬
sume that President
Roosevelt will he Pres¬
ident for the next six
. years, I can tell you
0 ”* tiiis: I can guarantee
_. Richberg
there will be no t n fl a .
tion wtdle Franklin I). Roosevelt is
President," Richberg said.
He dodged further discussion of the
subject, and refused to comment as
to what was being done by the gov- >
ernment Internationally and national¬
ly on monetary policies. However,
Richberg did touch on the Townsend
plan for payment of $200 monthly to
all persons over sixty. He said:
“If everybody over sixty Is to get
$200 a month, you can he certain It
Is going to come out of the pockets of
everybody between eighteen and sixty.
“When those under sixty have ar¬
rived at the unselfish attitude where
they are ready to dig to pay every¬
body over sixty the $200 a month
there will have been a tremendous
spread of real Christianity. Rut the
government can’t get the money out of
thin air.”
Richberg flatly denied that the gov¬
ernment was Issuing baby bonds be¬
cause bankers bad refused to lend the
government money, and asserted that
several billion dollnrs more could be
borrowed without endangering nation¬
al credit.
INTERNAL troubles continue to rock
* Cuba, and President Carlos Mendi-
eta’s regime appears tottering. Manuel
Despaigne, the only member of Medl-
eta’s cabinet who was
in office, has resigned
as secretary of the
• easury, completing
Hie rout of the min¬
istry brought about by
the school strike. And
twelve assistant cabi¬
net secretaries have
also deserted the ad¬
ministration.
The cabinet resigna-
lons began over differ¬ Carlos
ences of opinion as to Mendieta
how to deal with the
strike of several hundred thousand stu¬
dents and tenches* which has devel¬
oped into a national movement to oust
the Mendieta administration. Commu¬
nist-led labor organizations are ready
to throw their strength behind a revo¬
lutionary general strike, and the situa
tion Is becoming critical. Although
armed forces are being held in readi¬
ness to quell disorders, there is some
doubt as to their loyalty to the presi¬
dent. Col. Fulgencio Batista, army
chief of staff, was reported ready to
throw his support to Dr. Carlos Manuel
de la Cruz for president If the Mendi¬
eta government fails, hut leaders of
the antl-Mendieta movement have indi¬
cated Batista’s choice would not be
acceptable to them.
Terrorism continues rampant. Bomb¬
ing has become general, railroads have
been blown up, and Havana has suf¬
fered considerable damage to property.
CECRETARY OF STATE CORDELL
HULL encountered his third suc¬
cess in carrying out his policy of re¬
storing foreign trade by concluding a
series of reciprocal agreements with
other nations, when a trade treaty
with Belgium was signed. Although
not entirely satisfactory to Secretary
Hull, it was nevertheless a step along
the way. The Belgians gave us a tar¬
iff or quota concessions on a number
of our exports, Including automobiles
and parts, calculating machines, radi¬
os. grapefruit, pears, oatmeal and
corn starch. We cut tariffs on plate
glass, glass sand, iron and steel mill
products, linen fabrics, lace and ce¬
ment. Reciprocal agreements have
been previously concluded w.’th Cuba
and Brazil.
REVOLT FLAMES IN GREECE; EX-
PREMIER VENIZELOS HEADS
insurrection.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
©, Western Newspaper Union.
e-j-s he Greek government Is making a
1 grim effort to stamp out the fast
growing revolt which started in Grete
and has spread to the mainland, Greek
government planes
bombed the home In
Crete of former Pre¬
mier Eleutherios Veni-
zelos, and also struck
at five naval vessels
manned by rebeLs
standing off the shore
of Crete. Venizelos Is
openly headln g the
forces of sedition, and,
reports say, has seized
$1,000,000 from the
Ex-Premier C a n e a treasury to
Venizelo* finance the revolt.
The rebellion has been plotted for a
whole year, ami broke when 20 naval
officers, both active and retired, seized
the Salamls arsenal. As the revolt
spread, rebels boarded the five war¬
ships while the crews were Ignorant of
the plan, and put under steam. Gov¬
ernment planes were dispatched to the
scene and pursued the rebel ships down
the Aegean sea. The cruiser Averoff
was struck hy an aerial bomb while
the vessel lay in Souda bay, near
Crete, and two other ships were re¬
ported to have been overtaken and
bombed near the Island of Cythera
with undetermined damage.
Naval reserves have been called to
the colors, and preparations made to
call out army classes on the mainland
If necessary. Reports that the rebel¬
lion has reached Alexandropoulis and
other towns In Thrace, and that there
had been fighting In Seres, eastern
Macedonia. Indicate that the revolt is
more widespread than was first sup¬
posed. the
The Greek government searched
Athens home of Venlzelos and reported
finding arms and compromising liter¬
ature. Searchers found Deputy l’a-
panaStltlu, recently an opposition
spokesman, and another Venlzelos as¬
sociate named Caphandnris In hiding
there. Military restrictions have been
tightened In Athens. All radio stations
have been ordered to remain silent,
and private automobiles are forbidden
to circulate. Courts martial have been
opened to try rebels, the bourse Is
closed, and business Is pn^tlcally at a
standstill.
r\lMlNUTIVE King Prnjadhipok of
aJ Siam lias renounced Ills throne, re¬
linquished his claims to being known as
“brother of the moon and possessor of
24 umbrellas," assumed the simpler, if
i still unpronounceable name of Prlnre
Snklvodnya, and retired to the simple
life of an English country gentleman.
' Ay bis action, the eX-monareh set a rec-
— ord, for it Is probably the first time In
fiistpry that a ruler has abandoned
power because his government rejected
“bis demands for greater freedom and
»>H democratic control for his people. “My
jnteptlon that the people should have a
# policy of the
real voice In the govern¬
ment has been Ineffective,” the ex king
wrote In his message of abdication.
“Htnce I realize that now there Is no
lounger any way of my assisting or pro¬
tecting the people In the future, I here¬
by renounce all rights which I had as
king dr rights of succession, but 1 re
serve the rights which I had formerly
enjoyed before accession to the throne.”
According to London dispatches the
throne of Siam has been formally of-
. fered to eleven year-old Prince Ananda,
who is now attending school in France.
rpERA Is making good with its threats
a* that states which do not do their
part In supplying relief funds will not
get help from the government. Idaho,
Minnesota and Washington were noti¬
fied that their March allotments were
being held back until they come across
with the funds demanded; and Wiscon
sin. South Dakota, New Jersey and
Ohio received grants for only half of
March, the remainder depending on
their agreement to furnish certain addi¬
tional funds. Aubrey Williams, assist
ant relief administrator, said all the
other states were complying with the
demands of FERA.
The relief administration took steps
to Increase the aid being given the
drouth-stricken area^ of the Middle
West. Administrator Harry Hopkins
announced In Chicago that in order to
tide farmers “over the next three cru¬
cial months" the farm credit adminis¬
tration would raise Its feed loans from
to $10 a month for each head of
drouth cattle.
Hopkins added that previous limits
on feed loans and direct advances for
feed purchases were being weighed
and that “each farmer will be treated
as an Individual case."
x irilO is to be the administrator of
VV the social security program, when
and if it is legalized by congress, is a
question that is causing a deal of bit¬
terness in Washington. Probably it
will ultimately have to be settled by
President Roosevelt himself. Secre¬
tary of Labor Perkins believes her de
partment should have control of this
work, but the house ways and means
committee thinks otherwise. It has
tentatively decided that the social se
curity board shall be an independent
agency, and has turned down a sugges-
DADE COUNTY TIMES: THURSDAY, MARCH 14, 1935
National Topics Interpreted
by William Bruckart
National Pres* Building Washington, D. C.
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT ended his
vacation at Hyde Park and le:t for
where his administration
serious trouble, involving the
t nM ——. prestige of the White
House. Capitol Hill is
AO full of lively curiosity
jH over the President’s j
|*ogram, and whether
he will fight the pres-
•' ent congressional de-
/Cl jjj ship fiance and of his before Ieader- the
go
people with one of his
famed fireside talks,
or whether he will
Sen. Wagner agree to a compromise.
Rooseve , t at the
of his second year in office faces
predfeameut In his relation to con¬
similar to that which confronted
Hoover In 1931.
Unless he regains control his entire
is likely to bog down. The
fight hinges on the $4,880,000,000 work-
program, the first item In the
President’s budget message and the
mainstay of his program. Se¬
conferences at which slices of
were reported to have been dan¬
gled before the avid eyes of revolting
senators were said to iiave been held.
few supporters of the McCarran
prevailing wage amendment which
wrecked the bill and forced Its recom¬
mission to the appropriations commit¬
tee were said to be wavering under
the pressure. Senator Robert F. Wag¬
ner. who voted for the amendment, act¬
ed as peacemaker. He Intimated the
possibility of a compromise by paying
more than the so-called security wage
of $50 a month, but still lower than
the prevailing rates. Other leaders de¬
clared they would not budge from their
positions.
Secretary Ickes has been no help
to the President in quelling the re¬
volt. In his recent testimony, Ickes was
reluctant to tell a senate committee
about allocation of $238,000,000 for a
naval shipbuilding program. The sen¬
ators finally pried out information
which would Indicate that the navy
and the speculators knew all about the
appropriation, but none of the mem¬
bers of congress knew about it. The
money was to be spent at executive
discretion, and senators feel this does
not augur well for the proposal to
hand to Mr. Roosevelt unlimited power
in spending the proposed five billion
dollar appropriation.
Since next year will bring another
Presidential election, a third of the
senators will be up for re-election, and
all of the house members. They are
watching closely tlie present situation
because, if the President is slipping,
they want their own records back home
In good order.
*~pIlE Blue Eagle lost another tail
1 feather the other day, when Fed¬
eral Judge Nields at Wilmington, Del.,
held that the collective bargaining pro¬
vision of NIRA Is unconstitutional
when applied to companies not engaged
in Interstate commerce. The adminis¬
tration and organized labor immediate¬
ly joined in a fight to preserve the va¬
lidity of Section 7-A, and announced
that an immediate appeal would be tak¬
en before the United States Supreme
court.
The Wagner labor relations bill mak¬
ing Section 7-A the law of the land
and outlawing company unions may
have to be revised, if Judge Nields Is
upheld by the high court. The ruling
also gives support to opposition now
forming in congress against extension
of NRA unless It is reorganized.
Judge Nields’ ruling was on an In¬
junction suit brought by the govern¬
ment against the Weirton Steel com¬
pany to enjoin the steel firm from al¬
leged violations of Section 7-A of NIRA
and the labor section of the fair com¬
petition code of the iron and steel in¬
dustry. He upheld the right of em¬
ployees to form company unions for
collective bargaining, thus up.eetting
the claim of the Amalgamated Associ¬
ation of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers,
that the company Intimidated employ¬
ees and dominated the company union.
The court held that the company Is
primarily engaged in state, not inter¬
state commerce, which congress is not
empowered to regulate. Judge Nields
stated:
“Power to enact Section 7-A was not
conferred upon congress by the ‘gen¬
eral welfare’ recital in the preamble
of the Constitution, nor by the welfare
clause. Article 1, Section 8, of the Con¬
stitution."
Unless tlie Supreme court reverses
Judge Nields, the decision will prevent
the New Deal from interfering with
employee-employer relationships of a
vast majority of American business.
New Deal policies received another
jolt the same day when Judge Charles
L. Dawson on application of 35 west¬
ern Kentucky coal operators Issued a
writ enjoining the government from
enforcing the bituminous coal code, re¬
affirming an earlier decision that the
national industrial recovery act was
unconstitutional. Judge Dawson de¬
clared that the coal mining is an in¬
trastate business, and beyond the pow¬
er of congress to regulate.
'T'HE United States and Great Brit-
1 ain remain unconvinced of Japan’s
high purpose in China, although Eiji
Aniau, foreign office spokesman, de¬
clared that Japan is not trying to per¬
suade China to leave the league, and
is not urging China to dismiss foreign
advisers. He also insisted that no at¬
tempt is being made to force China
into an Asiatic bloc in return for
financial assistance. In Washington,
William Phelps, acting secretary of
state, and Sir Ronald Lindsay, British
ambassador, went into conference.
Twenty-four hours later It was an¬
nounced from London that Great Brit¬
ain together with the United States,
France and Japan was “exploring pro¬
posals” to help China financially.
Washington.—The wide apprehen¬
sion over the increasing cost of food
and the prediction
New Problem by Secretary YVal-
for AAA lace of the De P art '
ment of Agriculture
that food prices will ascend something
like 11 per cent more before July 1,
has given rise to a new problem for
the Agricultural Adjustment adminis¬
tration. It threatens to be serious, as
food questions always are serious, and
as this aspect of the situation becomes
better understood its political impor¬
tance Is becoming greater.
There can be no doubt that the New
Deal program for raising prices has
had its fullest effect on the food
prices and therein lies the basis for
the trouble now brewing. To make
the problem more serious from the
political standpoint, increased food
prices are felt first and most exten¬
sively in the metropolitan areas. It is
In these same areas that the greatest
number of unemployed live and must
be cared for. It becomes plain then
that increased food prices are directly
interwoven with the problem of relief
and it is difficult to predict what mass
psychology may be developed from
such a circumstance.
There are two sides of the problem
from the political standpoint. One of
them relates directly to the plans for
providing food and affects directly
those persons whose employment has
been small and who have only limited
amounts of money with which to main¬
tain life. The second phase involves
the future of the Agricultural Adjust¬
ment administration and affects direct¬
ly the political situation that has for
some time revolved about the focal
point of the principle of attempting to
manage prices as is being done under
the AAA.
Connected with the latter phase, and
likely to suffer from hard-riding poli¬
ticians, is the movement within the
AAA to broaden its power.
it will be recalled that last year
Prof. Itexford Guy Tugwell, under¬
secretary of agriculture and a leading
brain truster, sought to force through
congress a series of amendments to
the adjustment act which, in the view
of many observers, would make the
regimentation of farmers a compulsory
Instead of a voluntary proposition as
is now the case. In other words, ac¬
cording to critics of the Tugwell plan,
the amendments that were offered and
defeated in congress last year would
make the Department af Agriculture
a veritable dictator over the agri¬
cultural industries in this country. Al¬
though Mr. Tugwell does not figure in
the picture so much this year, the
same amendments have been put for¬
ward and a considerable amount of
pressure is being exerted to obtain an
enactment as law. Having defeated
them last year, critics of the program,
headed by Senator Byrd (Dem., Va.),
are mustering In full strength to
squelch the amendments again.
While it is yet too early to hazard
a guess concerning the results of tiffs
battle, attention may be called at this
time to some of the potentialities of
such a legislative fight. In these de¬
bates lies real danger to whatever good
there Is in the Adjustment act, accord¬
ing to the best information I can get.
The danger Is to be observed in this
direction: Those who criticize the Tug¬
well amendments, though they do not
now bear his name, are not going to
confine their verbal fire to those pro¬
posals. They will go, as they did last
year, considerably beyond the scope of
the proposed legislation. They wall at¬
tack any and all features of the whole
adjustment program and it is not un¬
likely that their criticism will result in
tearing down some of the admittedly
good features of this phase of the New
Deal.
* • •
I have heard considerable comment
to the effect that if the brain trusters
Question who are now promot-
ing the new or ro¬
of Politics vised AAA amend¬
ments would use good
political judgment, they would not
press for action on their proposals at
this time. In other words, political
commentaries are to the effect that the
brain trusters are diving headlong into
a whirlpool in which they may find
themselves unable to swim. It is plain¬
ly a combination of circumstances with
which they are confronted. Those were
enumerated above. To many observers,
therefore, it appears most foolhardy
for the supporters of this extreme leg¬
islation to go further in their attempt
to “strengthen the Adjustment Act” at
a time when plainly Mr. Roosevelt does
not have complete control of congress
and at a time when the strongest tide
of opposition to regimentation is run¬
ning.
It is to be remembered with respect
to the legislative situation that there
will be opposition, as indeed there al¬
ready has been opposition developed
from among the processors. It should
be explained that the revived amend¬
ments would place all of the processors
under licenses from the Department of
Agriculture. Without such licenses they
become the equivalent of bootleggers in
the prohibition days and no one can
foretell what the reaction would be to
this. My understanding is that there
are something like one hundred thou¬
sand of these processors In the various
Unas et agricultural commodities com¬
ing under the jurisdiction of the Ad¬
act. In addition to the proc¬
about nine hundred thousand
retailers handling these products are
subjected to control, directly or indi¬
rectly, by AAA licenses. Consequently,
we see more than a million who could
do business only if the Department of
Agriculture saw fit to grant licenses.
And when I say the Department of
Agriculture, in law, it simmers down
to the secretary of agriculture. Secre¬
tary Wallace’s policies and his per¬
sonal attitude, I believe, are not such
as to give cause for alarm respecting
administration of these proposed licens¬
ing provisions. Yet, it has been freely
suggested that a time may come when
the secretary of agriculture will be nei¬
ther as good nor as wise as Mr Wallace.
You can make your own guess as to
the possibilities under the regime of a
secretary of agriculture who was not
big enough for the job.
These circumstances and conditions,
in the minds of many observers here,
point only to one thing now: the Ad¬
justment act and the program drafted
thereunder is not as popular as it was
before it went into operation. Judging
from correspondence received by rep¬
resentatives and senators, the Adjust¬
ment program is actually repugnant to
some sections. I believe it only fair to
state, however, that the Adjustment
program is not blamed wholly for the
increase in prices but always in times
like these and under circumstances
like those to which attention has been
directed there has to be a goat. Ap¬
parently that goat is going to be the
Department of Agriculture and its
step-child, the Agricultural Adjustment
administration.
* * *
While all of the newspapers are
printing many columns in review of
two years of the
Garner Roosevelt administra-
Overlooked tion and rauch <men '
tion is being paid to
I’resident Roosevelt, it seems to me
tiiat one stalwart of the administra¬
tion—Vice President John N. Garner—
is being somewhat overlooked. It seems
to me, also, that this should not be the
case because all observers agree that
Mr. Garner has placed the vice presi¬
dency of the United States on some¬
thing of a new plane.
Much levity always has been directed
at any man holding the job of vice
president. It is true that the vice pres¬
ident is seldom, if ever, out front, as
the expression is. With Mr. Garner,
however, it has been decidedly differ¬
ent. I believe, from all of the discus¬
sions that I have heard since his elec¬
tion, Mr. Garner has filled, and is fill¬
ing, a very constructive post in this
administration.
Although Mr. Garner weighs about
the same and is no taller; while he
dresses much as he did before and
his wit and humor is much the same, it
certainly can be said that he is a
much bigger man in the eyes of the
people of this country than he was a
few years ago. In other words, given
the opportunity, Mr. Garner has per¬
formed in a way that probably will
record him in history as among the
outstanding individuals who have filled
that second ranking elective post in
our government.
It is not generally known, I think,
how much influence Mr. Garner wields
in the Roosevelt administration. He
sits with Mr. Roosevelt and the other
members in the cabinet meetings and
there is no doubt among observers here
that those men lean upon the long ex¬
perience which the vice president has
had.
• * •
The port of Baltimore, McL, wit¬
nessed an unusual sight the other day,
arrival of a shipload
We Import of corn from Argen-
Corn! tina. It was the first
full cargo ever to ar¬
rive in that port and caused some ob¬
servers to remark that it appeared to
be "carrying coals to Newcastle.”
This would have been true under con¬
ditions such as we used to have in this
country before the inauguration o» the
Agricultural Adjustment administra¬
tion. The AAA has made the differ¬
ence. Last year, the AAA set about
reducing the corn acreage in this coun¬
try because it was the conviction of the
New Deal that production had been
too great. Twenty per cent
ment was decreed. To accomplish
end, the AAA offered to pay farmers
the rate of thirty cents per bushel
not growing corn. The plan worked
It might naturally be supposed to
worked and there was the
curtailment of production.
But nature took a hand and
drouth settled down over the vast
producing areas of the Middle
So great was this disaster that
is not now sufficient corn to meet
mestic requirements. Importation
corn resulted, and the port of
more had the novel experience of
ing corn shipped in instead of out.
Secretary Wallace has defended
AAft policies on the ground that
were exceedingly flexible and could
used to increase or decrease
tion as conditions required, it
however, that corn has a habit of
ing only during the summer
and if the production in that period
insufficient the winter months
witness a shortage.
W eetfrn Newspaper VaiM.
Lead Indispensable in
All Forms of Painting
Although used extensively i n 1)rim
ing and plumbing, in refining p,, trol
'
eum, and in manufacturing in S p cr;
cides and certain colors, lead’s most
important use is in paint. Iiecaus*
of its strong adhesion to metal, red
lead (red oxide of lead) is the stand
ard protective paint for iron and f| ||
steel. Where a lighter and mop
decorative paint is needed, white lead
is admirable, since, exposed «
weather, it lasts longer than any
other pigment, with the'possible ex
ception of lampblack.
The United States produces and
consumes more lead than any other
country In the world. After the
metal has been located in beds oi
shale, chiefly in Missouri, and smelt
ed, it is manufactured Into commodi¬
ties by one of three processes. Slab,
of lead, rolled between heavy rolleri
to sheets of desired thinness, are
wrapped like rugs around a pole and
shipped for use as linings for tanki
holding corrosive acids, as covering!
for roofs, as plates interposed for
protection between the radium work¬
er and his dangerous mineral, and at
linings for X-ray laboratories.—Bui-
letin National Geographic Society.
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