Newspaper Page Text
Dental Hygiene
£8
Thp Road to Health
By DR. R- ALLEN GRIFFITH
diet, teeth, exercise
\ f oST people feel that the condi-
Jyl /ion of their own mouths children’s and
the condition of their
mouth's 1- their own affair. We should
awav from this selfish, erroneous
nd dangerous attitude. With every
, ‘ unclean mouth mil-
bre atb from an
, ions of pathogenic micro-organisms
e‘,dh capable disease-producing of Inoculating another germ
person with a
are expelled from one to ten feet.
To the healthy individual it really
matters little how many pathogenic
varieties of micro-organisms there
may be, or box prevalent they are,
because man possesses a natural im¬
munity to infections and is normally
immune. would
If this were not true, man
have been exterminated from the earth
It ng ago by the myriads of microscopic
foes always surrounding him. But just
let the individual reduce his natural
bodily resistance beloxv a certain point,
through fatigue, overeating, loss of
sleep, worry, etc., and “some little bug
will get you” soon.
The chief concern, therefore, of
both the individual and society at
large should be to maintain this nat¬
ural immunity instead of trying to dis¬
cover cures or remedies for natural
conditions that are sure to follow a
lowering of the natural resistance to
disease. Every disease germ that en¬
ters the human system must enter
through the mouth, nose or a break in
the skin (with the exception of vener¬
eal diseases), and it is estimated that
90 per cent of all disease enters
through the mouth and' incubates in
the mouth.
Should not a clean, healthy mouth
then be the first consideration in the
prevention of disease?
During the present generation the
physician has proved that there is a
direct connection between unclean
mouths and the rapid increase in kid¬
ney, heart and circulatory diseases,
formerly attributed to deranged meta¬
bolism, but now known to be due to a
constitutional poisoning of the system
from bacteria and their toxins.
Sanitation and hygiene can change
the mouth from one of the most in¬
fected and unhygienic parts of the
body to one that is wholesome, disease-
free and clean, and eliminate it as a
plague spot for the entire system.
A clean mouth will prevent disease.
A suitable diet will insure a well
nourished organism. Exercise will in¬
sure proper elimination. These three
things will insure health, happiness
and longevity.
• • •
MALNUTRITION
t f ANY articles have recently ap-
-Al peared in the newspapers in re¬
gard to malnutrition in school children.
Insufficient food is generally supposed
to be the only cause. Just at present
the depression is blamed. But this con¬
dition has existed for many years. Too
little food or improper food is of the
utmost importance, not only to the
children, as children, but for their adult
life as well.
Several years ago the American Open
Air School Journal said that of 548,000
school children examined in fifteen
cities in the United States, about 4,000
were undernourished. It would seem
that the various school boards or state
governments, as a matter of political
economy, as well as human mercy,
would find some means to supply ade¬
quate food to growing children.
How can a child possibly be well
nourished, no matter what quantity or
quality of the food, if it is mixed with
a fetid, decaying mass of food from
cavities in the teeth with its millions
of gems of putrefaction and pus germs
from abscessed teeth? This constant
drain of poisons into the intestinal
tract causes stomach and intestinal
troubles. Bacterial products are ab¬
sorbed into the system and produce
fevers, eye-strain, headaches, anemia,
malaise and constipation.
The poisons from the mouth are in¬
sidious and slow in their action. Many
can, and do withstand them for years,
if the powers of resistance are high,
bl >t in time these poisons are sure to
destroy a good digestion and under¬
mine the system.
A child cannot be expected to devel¬
op into a healthy adult with a strong
mind if it is deprived of efficient means
of chewing its food properly, or If the
food must pass through an infected,
uncared-for mouth. Is it any wonder
that such children are sickly and lack¬
ing in strength? Is it any wonder that
they are not bright and intelligent and
many times figure in the mentally de-
' ficient classes in school?
"here, but in the unclean mouth is
found the gems of spinal meningitis,
measles, diphtheria, and scarlet fever,
toady to set up their specific diseases
as S(K, n as the resistance is lowered?
J hese unfortunates are also a menace
to the health of other children because
of their susceptibility to infectious dis¬
ease.
4 aking, then, this specific knowledge
as to the deleterious effect of a dis¬
eased mouth and malnutrition upon the
■ hiid, school, state and nation into con¬
sideration, It becomes a great socio¬
logical problem that should appeai to
®n of those interested in child welfare.
- he problem of nutrition will be solved
Within the first three inches of the
•‘imeRtary canaL
®- Wsetorn Newspaper Ualaa.
DADE COUNTY TIMES: THURSDAY, MAY 16, 1935
Desperate Plight of the Share-Croppers
Wl
mm
Above, Southern Cotton Field. Top, Left, Senator Tydings; Right, Senator
Bankhead. Below, Right, Edwin R. Embree.
By WILLIAM C. UTLEY
X I TALP of all the farming In the
X ' ■ X I United States Is done by ten-
ant farmers. Most of them are
in the southern states, and
despite their numbers—there are some
1,800,000 of them, mostly cotton farm¬
ers, in 16 of these states—they have of
late come to be regarded as the “for¬
gotten men” of the New Deal’s agricul¬
tural experimenting.
They are the share-croppers. Virtual¬
ly illiterate, never at any time pros¬
perous in the true sense, these unfor¬
tunates have in the last few years been
forced into circumstances every bit as
pitiable as old-time slavery, according
to Investigations public and private
which have been made within the last
few months.
For cultivating, planting and picking
their landlords’ cotton, these poverty-
stricken Twentieth century serfs are
given half the harvest from the crop,
unless they furnish their own imple¬
ments, in which case they get three-
fourths of It.
The income from this harvest Is
largely spent before they get It. Be¬
fore harvest time they are paid in com¬
missary scrip which is good only in
the landowner’s store. It is alleged that
the usual allowance for a family of
five is two dollars a week before the
harvest. Then if there is any balance
It Is paid off in cash.
Meanwhile the share-cropper is often
charged prices for his food and essen¬
tials which are considerably greater
than those paid by his neighbor who
owns land and may buy where he
pleases. The landowner, in addition,
takes a 10 per cent levy in advancing
„crip, making $2 worth really cost $2.20.
The ordinary food supply for half a
week for one family runs about like
this: Half-sack flour, 55 cents; gallon
of sorghum black molasses, 60 cents,
24 pounds of cornmeal, 60 cents. That
leaves little for clothing. And these
people simply don’t eat meat.
Villainy of Fate.
The share-cropper until 1020 was
able to eke out a fair sort of existence,
getting enough to e :t In the sense of
a sufficiency to keep body and soul
together, and having something of a
roof over his family’s heads. Then
prices began to fall. The machine,
which had been steadily growing as a
threat, became a competitor real and
overwhelming. Competition from new
cotton-producing areas, soil erosion and
sterility of the soil from constant pro¬
duction of a single kind of crop added
their woeful work to the villainy of
what some might call fate.
What these had knocked down, the
depression trampled upon. And into
what the depression had trampled up¬
on, the Brain Trust ground its heel
when it decreed that cotton acreage
must be reduced- 40 per cent. AAA
crop reductions and processing tax
meant loss of income and loss of live¬
lihood to many a tenant farmer who
already had little enough of either.
Probably the first really comprehen¬
sive analysis of the situation was that
recently made public by the committee
on minority groups in economic recov¬
ery, headed by Dr. E. R. Embree of
Chicago, president of the Julius B.
Itosemvald fund. As might be supposed
from Doctor Embree’s presence (for
the late Mr. Rosenwald was far famed
for his sympathy with the black race),
the original purpose of the commit¬
tee’s survey xvas to investigate the
condition of the agricultural negro in
the South. It found more whites than
blacks suffering and reported that the
problem was so serious that all racial
angles to it were overshadowed.
No less than 58 per cent of the farm¬
ers of the South—and 71 per cent of
the cotton farmers—are without land.
Exports are on the decline, while cot¬
ton production abroad is increasing.
The South faces a major crisis, says
the committee.
The committee found that of 3,088,-
111 farms in 13 southern states, 1,789,-
000 were cultivated by tenants. Of
these, 1,091,000 were white and 698,000
colored. In certain regions farmed al¬
most entirely by negroes, 80 per cent
of the farmers were of the share-crop¬
per variety. Practically all of the in¬
crease in the number of tenant-farmers
since 1920 Is accounted for by whites,
approximately 200,000 of them, who
were unable to keep a hold on their
property. A good share of the tenant
farmers and others have been released
upon the world with no means of sup¬
port until millions who should be get¬
ting a living from southern soil are
now on the relief rolls. Last year one
family in every four was on relief.
Chances Are Slirp.
According to the report, the tenant
farmer’s chances of recovery are slim
under a credit system which enables
the landowner to borrow money at
4% to 6% per cent interest while “the
tenant farmer cannot secure this cheap
credit unless the landowner waives his
first lien on the crop.” The landowner
can seldom afford to do this.
“If he refuses to release the crop
lien to the governmental agency, the
Federal Farm Credit administration,
the landlord may then secure the loan
for all his tenant farmers at 4^ to 6%
per cent, and then advance supplies
and furnishings to his tenants at cus¬
tomary prices—20 to 30 per cent above
cash prices.
“Here again the tenant bears the
brunt of the risk. If he can repay, his
surplus is wdped out by the extortion¬
ate credit charges; if he cannot repay,
he loses his crop and whatever work
stock he may possess,” says the re¬
port.
“So far the various debt reconcilia¬
tion commissions have made no at¬
tempt to have the landlords scale down
the debts owed them from previous
seasons by croppers and share tenants.
Such proposals would be resented, no
doubt, by landowners who had just had
their debts scaled down by creditors.’’
Doctor Embree’s committee says that
the United States must “reorganize
the system of land tenure In the
South.” The negro problem has long
been an obstacle to such a program,
but the committee is of the opinion
that the country has “seriously over¬
estimated the importance of the negro
farmers numerically as competitors,
since tenancy in the South has come to
be essentially a problem of white farm¬
ers.”
The committee distinctly frowned
upon continuing indefinitely to encour¬
age landlords to cut down their pro¬
duction. It advised the raising of
crops other than cotton in the South¬
east, “with foreign competition in cot¬
ton growing increasing and Texas and
Oklahoma able to furnish aii the cot¬
ton needed for the national market at
cheaper cost of production.” Yet it
admits an advantage in the fact that
the government, having cut down cot¬
ton growing by some 8,000,000 acres,
is in a position to force a balanced ag¬
riculture on farmers who can’t get cot¬
ton off their minds.
No money crops and no crops to be
sold can be raised on these 8,000,000
acres. Rather, crops for home use are
encouraged, as well as crops which
tend to Improve the soil and prevent
erosion and leaching.
“In the course of time the govern¬
ment might find the outright purchas¬
ing of certain farming lands less ex¬
pensive than the payments of rents.
Such payments rightly expended would
serve to start worthy tenants in land
oxvnership and remunerate large and
absentee owners for portions of their
excessive holdings,” the committee
says.
Would Need Help.
Of course such farmers turned loose
upon their own land, but restrained
from raising the only crop with which
most of them are familiar or experi¬
enced would need helpful supervision,
but their properties—small subsistence
homesteads—might bid fair to approach
the economic state of some of the
most prosperous peasant-owned farms
in Europe, the committee believes.
Such a program would certainly
meet with approval from the thousands
of homeless share-croppers who have
hit the southern roads without food
or chattels, bound In most cases for
the cities, there to seek what relief
they can from the proper agencies.
Some of them write to the President In
pitiful, hardly readable letters, Implor¬
ing him to aid them. Some of them
have formed the Southern Tenant
Farmers’ union, whose allegedly radi¬
cal members have been said to be the
instigators of violence In some in¬
stances.
Designed to give these tenant farm¬
ers land of their own, after the man¬
ner of European land-owning peasants,
is the Bankhead bill, proposed by Sen¬
ator John H. Bankhead of Alabama,
father of the glamorous Tallulah Bank-
head, the stage and screen star, and a
member of a family which has repre¬
IMPROVED
UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL
CUNDAY Lesson I
Ochool
By REV. P B. EITZWATER, D D„
Member of Faculty, of Chicago. Moody Biblo
Institute
©. XVestern Newspaper Union.
Lesson for May 19
BAPTISM
LESSON TEXT—Matthew 28:19, 20;
Acts 8:26-29.
GOLDEN TEXT—Go ye therefore,
and teach all nations, baptizing them
In the name of the Father, and of the
Son, and of the Holy Ghost.—Matthew
28:19.
PRIMARY TOriC—When People Are
Baptized.
JUNIOR TOPIC—When People Are
Baptized.
INTERMEDIATE AND SENIOR TOP¬
IC—Why Be Baptized?
YOUNG PEOPLE AND ADULT TOP¬
IC—The Meaning of Baptism.
I. The Baptism of Jesus (Matt.
3:13-17).
1. His request of John (v. 13).
This was in act, if not In word. He
came from Galilee to Jordan to be
baptized of John.
2. John’s hesitancy (v. 14). He
perceived something in Jesus which
impressed him with the Impropriety of
such an act, even moving him to hin¬
der the execution of Ids demand.
3. Jesus’ explanation (v. 15). He
insisted upon John’s compliance on the
ground that it was a method of ful¬
filling all righteousness.
4. The heavenly acknowledgment
(vv. 16, 17). As Jesus emerged from
the waters of the Jordan the heavens
were opened, the Holy Spirit descend¬
ed, and a voice from heaven declared,
“This is my beloved Son, in whom I
am well pleased."
II. Jesus Enjoins Baptism (Matt.
28:19, 20).
In Christ’s commission to the apos¬
tles he Imposes the following obliga¬
tions:
1. To teach, to make disciples of
all the nations (v. 19). They were to
make known to the world that Christ
had died to save sinners and that
God had committed to Jesus the re¬
demption of the world.
2. To baptize those who believe 1
(v. 19). This is the divinely appoint¬
ed way of making a public confession
of faith In Christ. This baptism Is to
be in the name of tiie Father, Son,
and Holy Ghost, Indicating that the
believer has been brought into definite
relationship to each member of the
holy Trinity.
3. To teach the disciples obedience,
(v. 20). Profession is not enough. It
must Issue In obedience. This com¬
mission is preceded by the assurance of
the divine authority of Jesus (v. 18).
AH authority was given him In heaven
and earth and was followed by an all-
suflieient promise (v. 20).
III. Baptism Practiced in the Early
Church.
1. At Pentecost (Acts 2:38, 41).
This was the first baptismal service in
the Christian church. Multitudes were
brought under conviction of sin as a
result of tiie apostolic preaching and
thousands were baptized. Baptism
was administered in the name of Christ,
which doubtless refers to the author¬
ity of Christ.
2. Tiie Samaritans under the preach¬
ing of Philip (Acts 8:5-12). As a re¬
sult of his preaching men and women
believed on the Lord Jesus Christ.
Their profession of faith was followed
by baptism.
3. The eunuch (Acts 8:26-39). In
the conversion of the Ethiopian
eunuch the Lord’s work is seen broad¬
ening in its scope. The gospel fras
first preached to the Jews, then to the
Samaritans who nationally were on
the borderland between the Jews and
the Gentiles. This Ethiopian was in
all probability a Gentile, a proselyte
to tiie Jewish faith. The Spirit of
God called Philip away from the great
work in Samaria and directed him to
go near and Join himself to fhe chariot
of the Ethiopian treasurer. This prov¬
idential meeting gave Philip the oppor¬
tunity to preach to the Ethiopian.
Philip preached to him Christ as the
Savior, who through suffering and
death saved from the guilt of sin. This
resulted in the eunuch’s request for
baptism.
4. The baptism of Paul (Acts 9:18,
19). Tiie great apostle to the Gen¬
tiles, before entering upon his work,
received baptism at the hands of An¬
anias, who was not even himself a
church official.
5. Cornelius and his household
(Acts 10:47,48). When God would
send the gospel upon its world wide
conquest, he providentially brought
Peter and Cornelius together. Peter
preached to Cornelius the sacrificial
death of Christ for sin and his trium¬
phant resurrection. Seeing the visita¬
tion of the divine Spirit upon the
Gentiles, Peter proposed baptism.
IV. The True Meaning of Baptism
(Rom. 6:1-14).
Water baptism symbolizes the Identi¬
fication of the believer with Jesua
Christ In his death and resurrection.
It is the outward sign of the Inner
experience.
Friendship
When I see leaves drop from their
trees in the beginning of autumn, Just
such, think L is the friendship of the
world. Whilst the sap of maintenance
lasts, my friends swarm in abundance;
but in the winter of my need they leavi
me naked.—Warwick.
Adversity
I account it a part of unhappiness
not to know adversity. I Judge you to
be miserable. There Is no one more
unhappy than he who never felt ad¬
versity.—Thomas Brooks.
sented Alabama for many years In the
government. It is quite in accord with
the suggestions of the committee under
Doctor Embree.
The Bankhead bill, which at this
writing had gained a unanimously fa¬
vorable report from a house committee,
would provide legislation patterned
after that which has allowed the ten¬
ant farmer of Ireland, Denmark, Fin¬
land and Germany to become a land-
owner. What has been d-one for own¬
ers of mortgaged homes, it plans to
do for the share-cropper—make fed¬
eral credit available to lift him out of
the financial morass.
Senator Bankhead contends that the
administration’s crop reduction and
tax on processing were measures adopt¬
ed in defense of the farmers, protect¬
ing them from curtailed production by
industries and manufacturers after the
crash. In sharp opposition to him has
been Senator Millard F. Tydings of
Maryland, who claims that the only
result of the whole Roosevelt “eco¬
nomics of scarcity” program has been
to reduce the total wealth of the na¬
tion. He demands the end of crop cur¬
tailment by the AAA.
Bankhead Explains.
Senator Bankhead points out that
the United States at the start of 1933
was faced with the biggest cotton sur¬
plus on record, a full year’s crop of
13,000,000 bales, the effect of which
was to cause a tremendous drop in
cotton prices. Cotton was 19*4 cents
a pound in 1929, but by 1932 it had
fallen off to 5V Z cents a pound, he
pointed out, explaining that the proc¬
essing tax was designed to give the
farmers the same “scarcity" which
manufacturers had effected to maintain
their prices.
“The more money you put into peo¬
ple’s hands, the more they can buy,”
was Senator Tydings’ answer. “The
higher the price, the less they can
buy. If the cost of goods is Increased,
then consumption is reduced. The high¬
er the price of cotton, then the less
you can sell.”
Doctor Embree’s committee was
more Interested In Senator Bankhead’s
proposals to enable the tenant farmer
to gain independence.
“Life In the rural South is capable
of being lived to the fullest,” said
Its report. “In our modern scheme of
things it has proved much easier to
produce a steady flow of goods than
to produce a steady income with which
to purchase those goods or their equiv¬
alent. Of all the laborers and crafts¬
men, the general or all-round farmer
is the only one able to produce tiie
type and variety of goods suitable for
his own consumption.
Fundamental Changes.
“In the South we have lost much of
this immunity to the fluctuations of
the price system by an almost insane
devotion to an export cash crop whose
price fluctuations have become pro¬
verbial. This is due, no doubt, to the
historical conjunction of slavery, the
plantation and the cotton plant.
‘Theoretically, the area saw slavery
abolished. Actually, It changed the
plantation pattern to tenancy and In¬
corporated a white peasantry which
finally came to outnumber the negro
tenants in cotton culture.
"The plantation is not interested in
feeding its lower-level denizens with
the vegetables, milk, meats and fruits
of a beneficent soil and clime, but only
wants Its cash crop of cotton.
“Meanwhile, the system supplies its
laborers with a meager diet of fat-
back, corn pone and molasses under
as extortionate a credit system as can
be found In the world’s agriculture.”
Tenant farmers will undoubtedly
find the bluebird singing for them once
more, possibly In trees on a farm of
their own, when the administration
gets around to spending the much-
talked-about $4,800,000,000.
For much of this is going to make
rural America all over again, princi¬
pally by moving broken farmers to
new and fertile fields where they can
start all over again, on land described
In deeds made out in their own names.
Mr. Rexford Guy Tugwell will superin¬
tend the rural remaking.
C Western Newspaper Unlee,
HOMES IN NORTH
CONSTRUCTED OF
STEEL AND CORK
Two portable dwellings of steel
frames and corkboard wails and
root's went to Alaska to replace
homes destroyed in the Nome fire a
few months ago, says Popular Me¬
chanics Magazine. The experiment
lias shown that this type of construc¬
tion, in which fhe Insulation is the
structure Instead of an addition to
the structure, is admirably suited to
cold regions in particular.
Tiie material for the homes was
cut to size at the factory, the parts
were numbered and the houses were
sent by boat to Nome where, despite
adverse weather conditions, the
dwellings were erected in ten days.
It is estimated tiie cost of such
construction is about one-fourth
more than for ordinary frame struc¬
tures, but to offset this, a saving of
fifteen per cent, or more in fuel Is
claimed.
In addition to complete insulation
the cork and steel homes are fire
resistant, vermin proof, immune to
dry rot and impervious to moisture.
The houses can be knocked down,
moved and reassembled easily If the
steel frames are bolted to timbers
as a base. The corkboard Is
squeeze-fitted between the steel
angles and secured with wire.
Lumber is used over the corkboard
roof and on this is laid composite
roll roofing. Each Alaskan home Is
eighteen by thirty feet, sufficient for
four small rooms, and each struc¬
ture required two and one-half tons
of steel and 5,500 feet, board meas¬
ure, of corkboard.
This type of construction permits
optional finish, Inside and outside,
"'1th stucco, brick veneer, sheet Iron
or stone as outside choices, and plas¬
ter, veneer panels or other finish for
the Interior. Provision Is made easi¬
ly for Inside plumbing and wiring.
Standard specifications call for
steel doors and window sashes with
provision for storm windows. Floors
are of wood.
e EASY WAY
ONE THIRD
LESS TIME
WITH THE
C oleman heItinu I ron
Reduce your ironing time one-third ...
your labor one-hatf! Iron any place with
the Coleman. It’s entirely self-heating.
No cords or wires. No weary, endless
trips between a hot stove and the iron¬
ing board.
The Coleman makes and bums its own
gas. Lights instantly —no pre-heating.
Operating cost only Vi & nn hour. Perfect
balance and right weight make ironing
just an easy, guiding, gliding motion.
See your local hardware or house¬
furnishing dealer. If he does not handle,
write ua.
The Coleman Lamp dr Stove Company 111.;
Dept. WU309, Wichita, Kans.: Philadelphia, Chicago, Pa.:
Los Angeles. Calif.; (6809) or
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
PARKER’S
HAIR BALSAM
Removes Dandruff-StopaHalr Falling
I Imparts Color and
Beauty to Gray and Faded Hair
I 60c and $1.00 at Druggists.
i FUscoa Chem. WkB., Patchogue. N. Y. 1
FLORESTON SHAMPOO — Ideal for use in
connection with Parker’s Hair Balsam.Makes the
hair soft and fluffy. 60 cents by mail or at drug¬
gists. Hiscox Chemical Works. Patchogue, N. Y.
Weak Women
“After childbirth I lack¬
ed strength and suffered
from dizzy headaches—
my whole body felt sick,"
said Mrs. J. W. Buck of
1913 EHis St., Augusta,
Ga., “but I was much
improved Dr. after Favorite taking Pre¬
Pierce's
scription a short time.
It gave me new strength
and made me feel that I had the right amount
of energy to carry on."
New size, tablets 50 cts., liquid $1.00. Large
*Ize, tabs, or liquid, $1.35. All druggists.
r C D If ET EL C* C BEAUTIFUl GOOD CASH USEFUL COMMISSIONS GIFTS OR
17 Pc.Tea Sets. Metaltone Vanity Sets.Wrist
Watches,81 lverware,Clocks. famous Base Hulls.etc.
Sell only IZboxesof WHITE HOUSE
OLIVE OIL SALVE or BONESETIVE LAXA¬
TIVE TONIC PILLS at 26c each. Mail ns your
order today, we ship merchandise, send us
the money when sold — we ship glftFKKE
Altoona Products Co.. Dept. R, Altoona. Penn.
U'riat boxes either of these marvelous products
mailed you on receipt of tSe each or stamps.
SWEETEN
Sour Stomach
—by chewing one or
more Milnesia Wafers
MILNESIA
OW 7 te inttl WAFERS
MILK MAGNESIA WAFERS
YVNU—7 20-35
MAKE THEM HAPPY
One bottle of ‘DEAD SHOT* Dr.
Peery’s Vermifuge will save you
money, time, anxiety, and restore
the health of your children In caso
of Worms or Tapeworm.
Dr. Peery’s' DEAD SHOT Vermifuge
50c a bottle at druggists or
Wright's Pin Co* 100 Go hi St, NX. Cttjr.