Newspaper Page Text
Pbrftlcally independent; always for
the best interest of the whole people
of the county.
Purity of politics; purity of the bal
lot box, and clean administration of all
places of public trust. Only paper In
county.
r. F. TATUM, Editor.
\ (MiI,ME XVI.
TO ANOTHER STATE
iouthern Sends All Money
Heid in Georgia Banks,
TO BALK THE LAWYERS
Officials Claim They Are Being Har
assed by Attorneys Tying Up
Fjinri hv Garnishments and
o.' Q uits.
.<■?. in Washington,
j^^TTTis withdrawn half a million
Mftr* from the banks iu Georgia, and
posited the money in the First Na
tional bank, of Chattanooga, the rea
son for this action being to keep law
yers from making attachments and
serving garnishments on the funds of
the road in Georgia.
Every depository of the Southern in
Georgia now ceases to exist, and what
money the -banks held is all going to
Chattanooga. The order issued covers
every city in the state in which the
railway had deposits.
It is estimated that the total amount
•f business done daily in the state by
fifce Southern amounts to $160,000 and
} The estimate on tlve amount
left the state is $500,000.
Tie complaint Is made that damage
snit lawyers every day are keeping
the road from paying off its employ
es and from transacting business by
serving attachments and garnishments.
The officials say this is the only state
in which the thing has been done, con
sequently they resorted to the method
of withdrawing their money.
The officials state that their money
will he placed In banks outside of
Georgiy for an indefinite period; in
fact, h is understood this will almost
be a permanent arrangement.
GOV. SMITH AT COVINGTON.
Makes Second Speech of Campaign to
People of Newton
Governor Hoke Smith of Georgia ad
dressed the people of Newton-raounty
at; .Covington Tuesday. He’ spbke in
the court room- to a large audiencet
His speech was upon the public ques
tions of the day. 1 -He stated that the
prohibition law should be rigidly en
forced and any move to perfect it
should be started by its friends and
not by its enemies; .favored the ulti
mate extension of the state road to
the sea. He said he would be able
to pay every pensionn in full at the be
ginning of each year If- the constitu
tion was amended so as to allow him
to borrow the money when neces
sary. ;
Referring to the subject of prohibi
tion, he said; “The friends of temper
ance all over the United States should ,
turn their guns on those congressmen
who have refused to pass a bill pro
t cting a state or community which
declares against the sale of liquor
from having liquor shipped into it by
business housds residing out of the
state. They should give their support
in every congressional district to men
who will help pass this law.
LOWER RATES ARE ORDERED.
South Carolina Railroad Commission
Reaches That Decision.
The South Carolina railroad commis
sion Tuesday decided to order the Sea
board Air Line, the Blue Ridge and
the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens
railroads to put itr-effect by April 1 the
reduced passenger rate of 2 1-2 cents
per mile, ,
These lines protested against the re
duction from 3 cents per mile, but
wore willing'to issue mileage books
at the same rates as other lines;-
Local Option Law Valid.
Judge. Gantt of the Missouri supreme
court, in opinion handed down Tues
day, reaffirmed the decision of the
Missouri courts, upholding the consti
tutionality of the local option law.
PRIEST'S SLAYER RUNS AMUCK.
Under Death Sentence, Giuseppe Alia
Uses Razor on Prison Guard.
An attempt was made Saturday by
Giuseppe Alia, the condemned murder
er of Rev. Heinrichs, to escape from
the county jail in- Denver, where he
has ben undear heavy guard day and
night He made use of a razor blade,
with which he bad?" slashed the neck
of a “trusty” who was cleaning his cell,
and made a rush to get away.
The "trusty,” despite his cut, rushed
after Alia and pinioned him, and he
was quickly overpowered, with the
help of others.
CONSTITUTIONAL PROHIBITION.
Defeated in Mississippi Senate by Vote
of Twenty-One to Nineteen.
■Constitutional prohibition was de
feated in the Mississippi senate at
Jackson, Wednesday by a vote of 21
ayes to 1 9 nays, a majority :of three
fifths being required. The defeat of
the measure was not unexpected.
ANTI-TRUST STATUTE
May Be Greatly Changed if Important
Conferences at White House
Should be Fruitful.
Washington special says: An impor
tant conference was held at the white
house Wednesday night, and, in a
sense, was continued Thursday, re
specting amendments to the Sherman
anti-trust law. The changes in the
law, it is expected will be proposed
along the lines suggested by the con
ference of the civic federation held in
Chicago a few weeks ago. No con
crete results were reached, and it is
likely that farther conferences will be
held. The president, it is understood,
is desirous that a bill embodying the
conclusions of the conference, if any
be reached, be submitted to congress
for passage at this session.
Participating in the conferen.ee were
the president, Secretary Root, Secre
tary Garfield, Attorney General Bona
parte, Herbert Knox Smith, Commis
sioner of Corporations Seth Low, for
mer mayor of Now York; Samuel
Gompers, president of the American
Federation of Labor; Victor Morawetz,
general counsel for the Atchison, Tope
ka and Santa Fe railroad, and Fran
cis Lynde Stetson, of the firm of J.
P. Morgan & Cos., of New York.
It is said that the proposed changes
are of sweeping importance and inter
est, inasmuch as, if crystallized into
law, it would mean practically a re
juvenation of the Sherman anti-trust
act. While no agreement was reached,
the trend of the discussion indicated
that a common ground o-f understand
ing shortly will be reached, and that
perhaps within a week a measure will
he drafted which will be satisfactory
to all parties.
The particular interest of the labor
officers is to secure an amendment to
the Sherman anti-trust law which will
exempt thorn from the practical oper
ation of the act as to conspiracies in
restraint of trade. A proposition of
that kind now is pending in congress,
but, in the opinion of some of the
participants in the white house con
ference, it would be unconstitutional
if enacted in its present shape.
MORSE AND CURTIS ANSWER.
Two Ex-fcsanKers nw .r
Crooked Dealings.
Charles W. Morse, the former bank
er, and Alfred H. Curtis, formerly
president of the National Bank - of
North America pleaded not guilty in
the United States circuit court at New
York Wednesday to a joint indictment
of twenty-nine counts. Eleven of the
counts charged them with conspiracy
and eighteen charged them wit! mak
ing false entries.
Bail was fixed at $30,01)0 fo/j Morse
and SIO,OOO for Curtis. They wire pa
roled in custody of thefr counsel in
order to secure.bail,, and were Allowed
three weeks to reconsider thdr plea.
Both Morse and Curtis gave fiil. Mr.
Morse at first demurred) to th 4.530,000
he was required to furnish, aid sarid:
“Well, I suppose I am' the |eat, as
usual.” 1
OKLAHOMA FAVORS TFT.
Republican State Convention nstructs
Delegates for Secretary}
Instructing them to “vote for any
proposition favorable to the candidacy
of William H. Taft for the Residen
cy,” the Oklahoma republic! i state
convention at Oklahoma City,'Vetoes*
day, elected delegates-at-largj to the
Chicago convention.
The resolutions ■ indorse 1 resident
Rosevelt’s administration, eon unu thl
democratic state administrat on, and
recommend reduction of the epreson
tation in congress and in the electoral
college of statutes which dis ranchise
negroes.
A resolution, pledging' the (party to
an early resubmission of the p'roh.ibi
tion question, was overwhelmingly de-*
feated.
MORE PAY FOR MAIL CLERKS.
Increase of Salary Provided for in
Postoffice Appropriation Bilk
When the house of representatives
Wednesday resumed consideration of
the postoffice appropriation bill, an an
imated debate was started on the par
agraphs relating to clerks in charge
of contract stations, with the result
that an increased appropriation of $15,-
000 was obtained for an interease of
the number of such stations.
The allowance for clerk hire in third
class offices where the salaries of post
masters range from one thousand to
twelve hundred dollars, was increased
by $25,000 on an amendment by Mr.
Finley of South Carolina.
VIRGINIA CLUBS HARD HIT.
Byrd Bill, Closing All Bars on Sunday,
Goes Into Effect.
For the first time in the history of
Virginia no liquor can be had at the
various social clubs.
The Byrd bill, closing all bars on
Sunday went into effect on the 15th,
and ewiiglfotbe oldest and most in
fluential'clubs no Intoxicating drinW
vi ifrvtd.
FOR RE-ENLISTING
-0/Negro Troops, Ousted by
Teddy, Law is Proposed.
MATTER IN THE SENATE
Along With Report of Investigating
Committee, Special Message from
President, Reiterating His Po
sition Was Received.
Reports from the on mili
tary affairs were presented to the sen
ate Wednesday in regard to the in
vestigation of the affray at Browns
ville, Texas, which resulted in the
discharge without honor of three com
panies of negro soldiers of the Twen
ty-fifth infantry. At the same time
a message was received from the pres
ident calling attention to the fact
the testimony taken by the committee
sustains his position in discharging the
negro soldiers. He recommended ex
tension of the time for re-enlistment
of the discharged men who might be
found not to fall within the terms of
the order.
There were four reports from the
committee, the majority being signed
by senators Warren, Lodge, Warner,
DuPont, Taliaferro, Foster, Overman,
Frazier and McCreary. A minority re
port was signed by Senators Foraker,
Scott, Bulkely and Hemenway.
A supplemental report signed by
Senators Warren, Lodge, Warner and
DuPont declares that under the evi
dence it is shovni that the assault was
perpetrated by members of the bat
talion, but that it is reasonable to be
lieve that all of the soldiers were not
concerned in the commission of the
crime, either as principals or accesso
ries. They recommend that it would
be justice to restore to all of the In
nocent men the rights and> privileges
which had accrued to them by reason
of their previous service in the army.
A bill is: presented authorizing the
president within • one year after the
passage of the act to authorize the
enlistment of any of the men whom
he is satisfied had no eon eet lory with
the Shooting. ~
-mj miifj —am urreg OU
the night of August 13-14, 1906. The
war department conducted a hurried
investigation of the shooting, and as a
result, President Roosevelt ordered the
discharge without honor of the three
companies of negro soldiers who were
then stationed at Fort Brown. Senator
Foraker soon after congress convened
in December, 1906, raised a question
as to the president’s right to discharge
the men and investigation by the com
mittee On military affairs w r as ordered.
LARGE SUM FOR AGRICULTURE'.
Appropriation Bill Reported to House
Carries $11,431,346.
The agricultural appropriation bill
was reported to the house Wednesday,
ft carries a total appropriation of sll,-
431,346, which is $1,420,005 less than
the total amount asked for by the de
partment of agriculture.
The bill carries an increase of $248,-
720 for the weather bureau, making a
total for this bureau of $1,662,260. The
increase is chiefly due to the provis
ions for the construction of weather
bureau buildings, including one at
Richmond, Va., and for the restoration
of the buildings at Mount Weather, de
stroy ed by fire last October.
BANKER ANDERS INDICTED.
Charged With Embezzlement of Funds
and is Under Bond.
N. T. Anders, president of the Com
mercial bank at Jackson and former
president of the Central Bank of Mis
sissippi, ha-s been indicted 'by the
Hinds county, Mississipi, grahd jury
on the chiiige. ;$25,0D0
1 from the latter mhlltution im
mediately gave bbffdVThelCefit-ral.ibapk
yt Mississippi was placed' in the hands
,f o receiver several ddys aigo.
PROHI VICTORY HELD VOID.
ircuit Court Decides .That Election
• Occurred at Wrong Time.
The local option e’ection held in
ocahontas, Va., December 19th last,
i which the drys won by ten major
fc’y has been declared null and void
' judge W. J. Henson, sitting at
Piaewell in the circuit court. .
The ground of the decision was that
|: e election was held within two days
a congressional election. The law
tlovides that no local option election
til held within thirty days of any
|t mty, corporation, state or national
* ction.
qEADY TO USE GATLING GUN.
| jacco Company Takes Belligerent
Steps to Fight Night Riders.
I he American Tobacco company at
ft ygville, Ky., Mdnday placed a gat
li ' gun on the roof of their local ware
h se to prevent night riders burning
tl building- • Men will be constantly
01 uar d and work the gun If the night
r appear.
OFFICIAL ORGAN OF DADE COUNTY.
TRENTON, GA., FRIDAY. MARCH 20, 1908.
CAN’T BAR LIQUORS
Small Hope for Anti-Jug Bills
Pending in Congress.
SUB-COMMITTEE DECIDES
Proposed Delegation of Police Powers
to the States in Reguiating Ship
ments of Intoxicants is De- |
dared Unconstitutional.
A Washington special says: The
prospect for the enactment of any pro
hibition bills, giving, to dry states the
regulation of interstate shipments of
liquor upon crossing the /border of
such state, is exceedingly slim, so far
as this session of congress is con
cerned.
Monday a subcommittee of the sen
ate judiciary committee decided
against the constitutionality of such
legislation bv a vote of 3 to 2. Sen
ators Bacon and Nelson voted to re
port the Bacon bill. Senators Fulton,
Rayiner and Knox voted against it. The
full committee meets March 23, and
will consider the two reports.
The full committee met later in the
day, and discussed the report by the
members of the subcommittee which
considered the bill. Legal arguments
were made for and against the pro
posed legislation, but there wras no di
vision to indicate what the prospects
are for a bill being reported to tho
senate. The arguments were not ac
cepted, and it was agreed finally to
have the views of the members print
ed. Hearings on these measures have
been held covering almost the entire
present session, and the hills were ad
vocated by representatives of practl
ca’ly all of the states where there is
a strong prohibition sentiment.
The anti-prohibitionists are pleased,
though not surprised, with the action
of the senate sub-committe, and they
'fire claiming in great glee that the
action will check the wave of prohi
bition that has been sweeping over
the country.
If congress declines to protect the
dry states, they ask, what then is the
use or the sense in voting liquor but
of a state? .. ■ ■
tney claim, thousands of dol
lars out of a state to adjoining terri
tory, and in this connection they point
-to the thousands of dollars that are
daily being sent out of Atlanta to
Chattanooga and other nearby cities.
COLLEGE BOYS WRECK THEATRE
Mob cf 2,000 Avenge Ejectment and
Clubbing of Fellow Student.
College feeling among the students
of the University of Michigan, at Ann
Arbor, burst forth into a riot Monday
night. More than a score of students
were locked up in jail, and the Star
Theatre, a 5-cent place of amusement,
was literally wrecked. A mob of stu
dents, which numbered fully 2,000, di
rected a college “rush” against the
front of the building, tearing away
windows and doors, and rolling the
theatre piano out into the street,where
leaders of the students mounted the
instrument and performed a dance to
the accompaniment of mad cheers and
yells from the unmanageable crowd.
. The trouble started Saturday night,
when a student in the audience, who
persisted in repeating the college yell
too often to suit the management, was
ejected and thoroughly clubbed by a
policeman in the employ of the the
atre.
TEACHER SUES CHASTISER*
Prof. Bailey Wants S2O. COO
for Being Horsewhippec^^B
News conn' from I'amm, G*
Professor Bailey, who was
o'nvhided by soiii • ladies of ttaj*
ha< moved to <’h I'lnimiitii,
, B
for $20,000 .daoi.iees •
States court, against ..the.
e*l iii:tho eouliidiqg-. ■ Bhi ley’s *||
now -suing him tor. divorce.
SLAYER OF PRIEST TO DIE. A
Giuseppe Alia Fcund Guilty and Sen
tenced to Be Executed.
“Is there no appeal?’’ These were
the only words spoken by Giuseppe
Alia, when informed by an interpreter
in court at Denver that the jury found
him guilty of murder in the first de
gree and fixed sentence at death.
Just eighteen days after firing the
shot which killed Rev. Leo Heinrichs,
at the church altar,, while in the act
of administering the sacrament, this
wanderer from It a iyV -an anarchist,
heard his doom ’Thursday.
LOTTERY FOR PORTO RICO.
Gambling Estabji?hment to Be Run by
Government in San Juan.
The Porto Rican house of delegates
at San Juan, Wednesday, by a large
majority, passed a bill authorizing the
insular government-to operate a lot>
tery under the supervision of the in
sular treasurer. The bill provides for
the allotment of $40,000 a month in
prizes.
Georgia Briefs
Items of State Interest Culled
From Random Sources.
Favor Board of Tax Assessors.
At the annual convention of the
Georgia Tax Officers’ Association, held
in Columbus the past week, resolutions
were adopted asking the legislature to
provide for the-appointment of boards
of tax assessors in every county in
the state.
* * ’ *
Acceding to Wishes of Vets.
Candidates for the legislature all
over the state are still announcing
their intention of doing their best to
ward the repeal of the new quarterly
payment pension system, in, compli
ance with the expressed washes of the
confederate camps of the state.
* * *
Alleged Murderer Bound Over.
Identified by three eyewitnesses as
the slayer of Jacob Hirsowitz, the
Decatur street merchant who was shot
to death in Atlanta on Saturday night,
February Barnett Booker, a negro,
was bound over by Recorder Broyles
to the state courts Friday afternoon.
* * *
Land Almost Given Away.
There was issued from the office of.
Secretary of State Philip Cook a few
days ago a grant of 28 .1-2 acres’ of
land, in Wayne county to George B.
Drury, the total cost of which to Mr
Drury in payment of the required legal
fee was $4.25. About half the‘tract
is marsh land, but the balance is easi
ly cultivable.
Erroneous Report Corrected.
Commissioner of Agriculture Thomas
G. Hudson requests the correction of
a statement which has been made in’
several papers that the sale of fertili
zer tags for the present year shows
an increase over the same period of
last year. Commissioner Hudson says
that up to March 1, the sale showed an
actual decrease of 16 p.er cent over the
corresponding period of 1907.
* * L
Farmers’ Union Buys Warehouse.
The annual meeting'Aqft the Crisp
County . Farmers: Union wfts held at
Cordele last Saturday, with aibout 300
•members present.-
-/ 'Among •f*'e raosj' important .business
WIU-* olnc-lnff of
for the brick warehouse property. This
is one of the largest and most valua
ble warehouses in the city, and was
deeded to the Crisp County Fanners
Union.
The union is not only doing a reg
ular warehouse business,' but is con
ducting a supply business for its mem
bers.
* * *
Bauxite in Wilkinson County.
Bauxite, one of the most valuable
of ores, has been discovered by the
state geological department near Mc-
Intyre in Wilkinson county, about 30
miles east of Macon. The discovery
was made by Otto Veatch, assistant
state geologist, and samples of the
ore have shown it to be of fair grade.
Mr. Veatch has made a detailed re
port upon the subject to State Geolo
gist McCallie, who in turn has sub
mitted th%U£ew?rt to
and the hoard of the geo
logical department
The Wilkinson county ba wHß
found in a differ* nt
from iba‘ in which it is jjafej
Georgia.
EmH§|zler Thompson PIBH
plea of guilty on on 9
superior tfl
Ikt' i
BLj the Ujfl
§L V-
Iff , P ; .L}
Hk. ’ ■
wr *
SpL * ,
■ ’ ij
w >
crime, he said,
munity seems to come to his
and seeks to minimize his offense.
Thompson had been a leader in church
affairs, and was held up to young men
as an example of honesty and up
rightness.
* * *
Booming Big Fair Proposition.
Considerable interest is being mani
fested in the meeting in Atlanta on
March 25 of the county presidents of
the Farmers’ Union and, judging from
present indications, it Is more than
probable that the digest state fair in
the history of Georgia will be held in
Atlanta next fall.
President R. F. Duckworth of the
Georgia division of the union has is
sued the official call for the meeting,
and the question of the state fair will
be thoroughly gone into.
The idea of a big state fair under the
auspices of the Farmers’ Union has
met with an enthusiastic reception in
every section of the state. The mem
bers of this great organization believe
such a fair would he a record-breaker
and they want a chance to show just
what they can do in this line.
Along with the fair idea th" proposi
tion to hold It In Atlanta has mat with
a reception equally as enthusiastic ant.
the sentiment is strongly in faver o!
Atlanta.
* * *
Rushing Work on New Road.
Messrs. A. and C. M right of At
lanta, who have the contract for build
ing the Valdosta and Nashvile gap
of the Georgia and Florida railroad,
are now advertising for 500 men to
work on that road. Work has com
menced on the Valdosta end of th<
line, and Mr. B. F. lloitzendcrff, com
mercial agent of the road, says that
the company will have trains running
between Valdosta and Nashville with
in six months at the latest. The gap
from Valdosta to Nashville is one of
the most important in the system
which will this ye?>/be completed from
Augusta to Madison, Fla.
Tax Valuation Day March 14.
Governor Smith, Treasurer Park and
Comptroller General Wright, under the
statute requiring that these three offi
cials fix the day, have named March
14th as the last day for arriving at
tax valuations for 1908. The fixing of
a day for this purpose means that
when any citizen of the state gives
in his property for state taxation he
must return all property of which he
wras possessed on the date named. It
w-as found necessary some years ago
to select a day for this purpose, as
prior to that time when the date was
fixed by law, many taxpayers, seeking
to defraud the state, removed from
the state monies, securities, etc., just
before the coming of the date, aßd
solely for the purpose of avoiding the
return of them to the tax collector.
Convict Lease Question Paramount.
Of the many important
with which ..the
of the legislature will have
probably not one is more imfl J
than the determination of
gia will do with her convicts.
The present five year lease will
pire March 31, 19G9, and as the next’
meeting of the general assembly is the
last one before that time, it is nec
essary that the question be disposed of. (
There are now 2,400 felony convicta
in the hands of the state. Some ofH
these are worked by the counties ill
whioh they are sentenced, but far the
larger Apart are leased. Those that are
leased bring to the state an average
oi- $225.25 each, the -aggregate reve
nue from this source being about $373.-
vttv. upon rne tfrerrv inax iney snail
hereafter be put upon the public roads,
this sum will, of course, be lost to
the state. In addition, the state would
have tiJ support the unfortunates —a
burden which is now borne by the les
sees. Figuring this item at the con
servative estimate of SIOO each per
annum for 2,400 persons, the cost of
sustenance may be placed at $240,000.
On this basis of state operation, this
sum, which would be a necessary out
lay, can be added to the $375,000 which
would be actually lost to the state,
thus making the sum o*f $615,000 which
would have to be supplied should the
lease system be entirely abolished.
k "
SENATOR WHYTE DEAD,
Maryland Statesman, Long in Public
Passes at His
in Ba^^ire.
BiUni ted States Senator Wiliam
r.',Mkn cy Whyte died at his
Tuesday night.
Whyte was taken ill whiJß
y ■ ashingtn r 'tinned to
s ton as possible.
he g’ndiialh sank
..‘ ■ J
2
JP
WT H
f ■''-!> ■ i 1
tion of 1868, an}eat
Hxs a delegate to the national
|u)ointed United States senatoi
unexphed term i the late
Iti|nty Jdhnae>n, upon the latter’s ap
pointment as minister to Great Brit
ain.
He was governor of Maryland
74, and in the following year *
elected United States senator.
came mayor of Baltimore in 1881, anti
attorney general of Maryland in 1887.
He was chairman of the commission
which' framed the new charter of the
city, serving in that capacity in 1897
and 1898. In 1900 he became city so
licitor. The then governor, Edwin
Warfield, appointed him United States
senator in 1906 to fill, until the meet
ing of the present legislature, the un
expired term of the late Senator Ar
thur P. Gorman, and the current legis
lature, soon after assembling, elected
him Senator Gorman’s succ&MMMfeT
the term eliding March,
the l:i<t survive!- of
\ i;l■.w :. ; r:n jjjj :
to the 1 !l!> 1 >! ao ' -
According to the British Medical
Journal, lying is often caused by in
digestion. Then politics, suggests the
Rochester Post Express, must be the
KKst dyspeptie of occupation*.
TILLMAN g '
Sot t h Ca ro! in Ia >'
olic Speech Ever
Anent Executive CH
In th<- s-m.'Mo
man made cue of the
tacks on the policy of the adi^p
tion that has ever been madf|H
one of the bitterest speech
ever madeinc^^^M|^|
H
finance
9
&
9!
.Mr.
a ■’swinging of the pefH
regime of Andrew
gross assumed
exclusion of the |>h
live influence to the
that followed,
. ; jgjgfl
Jig
■
if
''
r * ' I|J
jfl
IIS
,
Of one^Jj
party dam:.- lilt his voice iiiW.'.'
or denunciation, but the
fluence is the only in'fluence
deuce while the senate cowers ■
lent resistance.” ‘ }
“The cause of this condition,”
dared Mr. Tillman, “is
age.”
FLEET REACHES 1^
History Making
ionll^H
• 11
|0 : ■
|B
. !^B
on the ear'h ar^M
ihe son Mi. <v>;
the high penin^Bl
mm
Iff -yy y:
vowulw^iiiiW
% iolaring the , V ■■■:
in the
tche preparation. IJH
ccutlon of the
law and the
that he was
1 {arpor a!
BBB^^^siimiv-M
since it appears
tee, which has been JH
sjtitutionality of vari^|
laws, will declare 4881
the proposed legjfflM
Ipßtsia®