Newspaper Page Text
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTIONS TUESDAY. APRIL 22,1884:. TWELYE PAGE*.
II
FARMS AND FARMERS.
THE GOSSIP OF THE FARM ASTOLD
by farmers.
Btclalming a Sandy Bolt-lbe MolUa Plait-Early
Cabb*ice-Tbo Native Cow-Ooneernuf
Dralatgc-Nciea, Ete,
Rbclaimisq a Saudi Farm ???Although
study soils are easily worked, they are for
teat reason apt to be more rapidly and en
tirely exhausted by cultivation than those of
firmer texture. The coarse clods into which
olay soils compact are the veto which nature
putaon exhaustive cropping. Long before
fertility is cxhsusted such soils get into con
dition where allowing them to lie in grass
and slowly recuperate is the only profitable
course. But in lighter soils there is no ob
struction to the roj'.s of plants which range
so freely that unless very carerully managsd
they soon become entirely exhausted. Lack
of vegetable matter is the most dangerous,
it is the most common symptom of this ex
baustion.' So long as a due proportion
loam exists, clover and other green crops can
begrownand tbefertilitymaintained. Much
depends upon the subsoil. If this is reten
tive it prevents rapid or entire exhaustion
while it the subsoil is also leachy the case Is
more difficult, and unless location gives
special value to the land its profitable work
ing is almost hopeless.
la determining what mav be profitably
done to reclaim any laud, its probable value
after reclamation is a most imnnrtant consid
eration. Fear large cities or where unusual
facilities offer for marketing produce, more
money may be expended than would be war
ranted in localities where the best land can
be bought for a merely nominal sum. The
first thing to be done is to get a crop of some
kind that may be turned under as green ma
nure. But where sandy soil has been run so
that the vegetable matter has gone, clover
will not catch, or if It does it wilt be so quick
ly dried out that the soil receives no benefit.
Something with larger seed, making more
vigoroiisgrowtb, is needed. Buckwheat and
Hungarian grass will make some growth on
land so poor that clover would be an entire
failure. Jf any manure can b?? secured, it
should be spread tbiuly over the surface at
seeding time. Little and often is the rule in'
manuring aandy toil???little only because to
secure largo amounts of manure for any con
siderable area ia Impossible.
Growing corn for soiling and for winter
feed ia tbe second step in reclaiming sandy
soils. Stock must be kepi, and of ait soils
sand is least adapted to pastnring. With a
little fertilizer to give the plants an early
start goud corn may be grown on compara
tively poor eandy eoii, A largo part of its
substance will be carbonic acid gas taken by
the leaves fjoift tbe atmosphere. If this is
carefully saved the soil will gradually in
crease in tbe aoionnt of vegetal)!? matter
that it cntali/v.
As far as pouible, sandy soils should be
protected from severe winds. A belt of trees
on the windward side will be a great advan
tage, and in localities where a good market
exists for fruit, some poniun of tbe farm
should be set to them. WKh occasional
green manuring, and tbe uso of all the coarse
feed grown on me f irm for stock, only min
eral fertilizers need be bought, and these not
in large amounts. In some places farmers
find that phosphates are of little benefit, but
po tash ia almust always useful. The value
of these commercial ieriilizeracan, however,
only be determined by experiment In eaeh
locality.
If a thin acd covers the ground to be re
claimed, it should be plowed under very
???lightly so as not to Imry bjyond reach tho
small amount of vegetable matter tbit it con
tains. The argument for deep plowing that
it pulverizes tne subsoil, does not holu good
on land whese failing Is in being too porous.
Where little vegetable matter exists there is
all tbe greater reason for keeplog it concen
trated and wi thin reach of the roots of plauis.
Many years ago practical farmers protested
vigorously sgalrrn tbe mischievous effects of
deep plowing on their sandy soils. Experl
once has abundantly confirmed their opin
ion, and theories have generally been
changed to conform with it.
Tux Mullein Plant.???A vigorous mullein
will produce as many as 000,000 seeds, enough
to stuck an elgbiy-ncre farm, with a few 10
spare to the neighbors.
Mulleins are pre-eminently weeds of old
pastures, and seldom Is there an untidy
farmer but that yearly crops of muilelts
wiih their stalks persistent inrough winter,
advertise bitshifUeisnets. But were every
farmer tidy, there are still enough unkempt
roadsides and commons lo afford them per
manent foothold. The common mullein has
been at-he heels of man for ages, ft was
widely diwilliute-a when our oldest records
were written. U is now common all over
Europe and temperate Asia to tne Caucasus,
Altai and Hymaiaya, in northern Africa,
America, and some Pacific islands. It early
found its way tu New England. Josselyn, In
1672, mentiena "mullein with tbe while
flower," which probably refers to our ordi
nary large mullein, altnough its flowers are
normally light yellow. Two other species of
mulletn are more or lest common throughout
tbe country, butaUthreebavcyeilowfiowers,
occasionally varying to white. Two ol these,
tbe common sort and the moth mullein,
were known to Cntler in 1786. The latter
was confiued to roadsides iu Lynn, While the
former was "common in old fields.??? Cutler
wrote of tbepieuis of Massachusetts, as did
also Jesaelyn, and no doubt tfie latter referred
to tfie common mulleio, which a hundred
years later bad taken tolls habit of usurping
pasture lands. Furah found it in abundance
in New York in 1607. In 1876, or shortly be
fore, it reached Catiioraia.
Iu common with all plants which have
long been companions of man, uinllein has
an interesting matory. Its wand like stalks
early attracted the attention of witches, in
whose sorceries it became a potent instru
ment. A resold of inese weird old incanta
tions Is supposed to exist in the name Hag-
taper applied to tbe plant in nurch European
countries. The ancient Greeks saw other
virtues In the plaut. Its leaves are said to
have been used by them as lamp-wicks. The
Romans called the pleat Candelaria, and ap
plied its dried stalke in met to barn fur fa-
neral torches. The old fioglish names Hig-
taper and High-taper may refer to a similar
use of tbe plant, althongb some authors
would derive those names from the northern
Hig-uper. Our word muliein is said to have
come indirectly from the Latin malandre, a
disease of cattle which tbe plant was sup
posed to cure. The old French n*u.e u
maien. Gerarde, however, calls the plant
mullein, or woollen, whieb reminds one that
the woolly leaves -may have had something
to do with the makiog oi tbe name. Tne
Latin origin, however, recalls many historic
incident* regarding tbe use of the mulleio is
a medicine, a use commemorated in the old
name bnllock???s lungwort. Aside from its use
in pulmonsry end other diseases of cattle, it
was also in grett repute for the lick room.
Gerarde euumerm es several preparations
made from mullein which were auppoeed to
be potent in many diseases. Pniilip Miller,
a century since, adtlstf this use of theplant:
???A pint of cow???s milk with a handful of tbe
leaves boiled in it to half a pint, sweetened
wi-h su.ar, strained and taken at bedtime, ia
a pleasant emollient and nutritious medicine
lor sl aying a ongh, and more particu'arly
fur taking off tbe pain and irritation of the
piles.???' Tbe leaves have a bitterish and mu
cilaginous taste, and a decoction of them is
still used in domestic practice, especially for
catarrhs and diarrhoeas. The dried leaves
are often smoked for catarrhal and bronchial
troubles. Decoctions of the leaves are eaid
to afford emollients for the hardening of
turners, and in other external applications.
Early Cabbage???'To get them early some
care Is necessary, as the plants must be start
ed either in a hotbed or cold frame. It ia not
required that glass be nsed, provided tbe hot
bed is well covered at night. Muilln makes
a good covering, retaining the beat better
than glass, and is also much cheaper. Work
the eoil nicely to a fine powder, sow the seed
broadcast, or in little rows if preferred, cover
ing with a brush-rake or even with the hand.
Tbe eeed will spring up very soon it good, and
the bed should be watered with a spiinkler
whenever required, tepid water being pre
ferred. Dutfog fine weather tbe plants may
be exposed to the open air by removing tbe
top of tbe frame, bat they should be covered
as soon as tbe evening comes on, in order not
to check their growth. Young cabbage plants
are comparatively hardy, bat should De treat
ed tenderly until they are large enough for
transplanting. Ip transplanting, always en
deavor to take np the whole plant (roots and
earth) without damage, and draw them only
in sutUdent numbers as may be necessary at
tbe time. When placing them in the ground,
set them deep, and if water be used pour it
around the roots, covering with earth, aud
uot over the surface. The rowsahould beone
vard apart, and the plants tbe same distance
from each other. Cabbage plants must be
kept clean, and the oftener they are culti
vated the better. In foot, it is a crop that
cannot receive too much cultivation. Plenty
of manure should be used, owing to tbe
plants being very gross feeders, and in order
to get them early tbe forcing should be ex
tended to tbe field as well as the hotbed.
There are a great many early varieties to se
lect from, tbe Jersey Wakefield being among
tbe best Cabbage should not be set out on
locations previously occupied by a similar
crop.
Tn* Nativb Cow.???We commend the fol
lowing remarks in regard to the native cow:
The old man
???Who had a cow,
Dut had no bar to give her.
Continued wjlug unto her,
"Consider, cow, consider!??????
But U is a rare thing to see the case reversed,
and to find a mau who considers the case of
the cowl Therefore, "three few lines??? from
the McKenzie (Terra) Tri county News are
the most refresuiog.
"A great deal is being said of late about
graded cattle, aud while we would not lay a
atraw in the way cf tho progress in fine dairy-
cow breeders, and hava not a word to say
against the Jersey or the Short-horn, we do
protest against the constant revtlement of our
native cow. No animal on the firm is treated
worse. Struggling among weeds in almost
irasslcss pastures, furnishing blood for flies,
o the blazing heat of summer, and subject to
hail, snow, sleet, rain and north winds during
winter, she still survives, ever patient, re
turning good for evil, Put the native cow
under treatment similar to that received by
her foreign cousin and in our opiuion we
would not have so much room to complain.
To say the least, if our farmers who are not
able, aa they think, to purobase the grided
cattle, would give the native cow good atten
tion, good pastures through the summer, and
warm quartets and plenty of roughness
through ibo winter mouths, they would soon
be able, if they wished, to buy a fine grade of
cattio. The way our fanners treat theTr cattle
it Is u wonder they have any at all. The Jer-
sey, the Short horn, the Ayrshire or the Hol
stein would not be famous long under similar
treatment,"
will gnmluaio and exterminate at tho oamo time.
They can bo destroyed any time when deiirable
by me me of the hoe. rattles in my neighbor
hood who hsvegtren this berry a tilil have never znus, a ntarasoine one calling forhelp, but
filled to have an early garden. Let other garde- nonldnot locate 'tie sound. Again 1 heard
??? ??? tbenoUo. 1 ai d Gri'i-sple made our way out
CoKCEBtiiNo Dbainao*.???It is stated that
"all lands underlaid by clay, rock or other
impervious material need draining. What
is to he gained by under-drainage? The sur
face of the water ia the soil ia lowored, The
roots of the cereals and grosser may penetrate
es far as the surface of the water, but never
into it. It ia necessary to draw the water oil
to such a depth aa will give tho roots of grow
ing crops plenty of room to reaoh downward
for that nourishment that la necessary to thi lr
growth. If the water is oaly one foot from
the surface, the roots of plants have only that
amount of soil from which lo gather nourish
ment, with the aisadvantago of haviDg their
feet wet by capillary attraction. Only aquatio
plants grow well with their feet in tne water.
???The lowering the water below the surface pre
vents a large amount of evuptralion ana its
effect in cooling tbe soil. Toe water being
removed, air and warmth are admitted to the
soil. Drained lands are {or this reason ready
for planting at least one wee* earlier in tbe
spring. Thegrowihoi crops is qulokened
tnrougb tbe summer by the increased tem
perature of the soil, which amounts to several
degrees, and tbe injurious effect of early froats
are proven led In tue same manner. Crops
are, therefore, given an increased period in
which to make their growth of at least two
weeks.??? .
NOTES-
Fair abatioms Against DRouoH-re-Thcrc Is rare
ly a leuen when at some time tbe crops de not
suffer (ram lock of moiature. To somo extent the
dsmage from these droughts may be prevented.
Thorough aubsolllna will allow more water to be
absorbed by the soil, and If thoroujh drain ago Is
added the feitlle area will be deepened for tho
roots of crops to feed in.
Soas otaris are not much attacked by
phylloxera. This Is especially true of tho norlhen
wild froet grapes, or vide rlparia. Upon such
varieties other varieties may be grafted. The fol-
losingtre good hardy sorts upon which to graft:
Cbucard, Clinton, Hernonoat, CauDlnghtm,
Nortots, Virginia, Bents, Cyutbiaaa and especially
all varleilee ??f the wild species mentioned.
Dsv Fksd Eos Yovtto ChickZNS.???Many young
chtckeuiare killed by btfrg fed too much water
with their meal, and especially If corn meal li fed,
which is very eoncentmted food. The wet misses
are compacted Iu the tlomech, so that they cannot
well dlgceled. If corn fa fed,. it Is bolter for
young chickens 11 broken Into small pieces and fed
dry, but wheat without breaking If betler still.
Manuring in tits hill beforo planting formelona
and other Vfgrtablee is often unsafe. But little
manure should be tried, and then it should be
thoroughly mixed with the soli. If applied iu
quantity, and especially if pat la a lump It eoou
dries our, unless It Is very thoroughly decomposed.
Some manures are too etrong for young plaals. We
have known young melons to turn yellow and die
when two Inches high when planted over hen
manure.
Fans and 6labso Litre.--When carbonate of
e la burned la Ute form of limestone ft becomes
caustic. Thobulkof water It contained Is txptll-
ed, and Its weight and bulk are much decreased.
Is then In best condition for hauling long
distances to be applied to land, though for even
distribution the large herd lumps are slaked to a
fine powder before It Is spread on the surface.
Air-slaked lime hte still a good deal of the caustic
property, as It will burs Uta bands of those ueefng
It freely.
Tbs Cvr Wosa.???The eat worm cannot stand
exposure to direct action of Ute frost, althoogh It
Is safe when t u the aoiL Therefore spade or plow
np Ihe garden J nit aa soon as it oeo be lone. Do
not rake or barrow It, but postpons that operation
later, which la better. Leev* tbe groand in tbe
rough condition, eo that aa much surfeoe as posit
wilt be expoeed to Ute cold. but oy Ute lime Ura
planting period arrives the cut worms will be all
1 or gtaatly thinned out. Early turning of the
Is the best method known for their destruc
tion
To Darrxor lJfiacn.???Spring Is here tod the
busy gar doer has no donbt commenced bis work
every state ia Ihe anion. During s cold, w. I
spring insec-e end cat worms are very troublesome,
end I will herewith famish s preventive that
always dots Its work well, so far as my observe-
goes. Take the common china berry and
uter promiscuously over Ute garden They
nets try ibe experiment this spring, and report.
It is cuBtont and intrrsstino to examine Ihe
question of analysis of soils. The statement is
frequently made that soils should bo analyzed ??o
aa to know In what elemont of plant food the flt-d
may happen to be deficient. In tbe application ut
hail a ton of fertilissr. say containing potash, torn
acre of ground of which six Inches In depth were
iu cuMvatlon, ana at there are 46 560 square feet in
an acre, there would be over a thousand tons of
soil lo mix with a half ton of fertiliser. This would
bo half a pound of chemicals to the ton of soil. We
doubt whether agricultural chtmlstiy la exact
enough to detect this byan average anal}sis, and
therefore conclude Ibat sell analysis is net es
d-.-flulto and infallible a guide as some agricultural
writers would have us thin a.
Testing Szedj ???Before garden er field seeds are
rowo in quaaUileelnsa good plan to teat them.
They wlU often be found to be worthless or only
panlaily good, and much time and vexation may
be saved by testing before the planting in done.
To lest seeds, do not plant them. Not infrequent
ly Ihe conditions of tbe suit aud ill temperature
prevent good seeds from germinating, and this Is
especlallv trus when they are put In boxes In tho
house. Without s greenhouse or hot bod s regular
temperature and an even amount of moisture can
not easily be secured. A good plan Is to place
???icda between damp pieces of flannel, and keep
them as marly uulform in temperature aa possible.
The seeds can bo examined any number of limes,
and the process Is cleanly and convenient If seeds
were rested, much vexation and doubt in many
wsysrolghlb* Sparad. It might often bo found
that good seeds tall to germinate when planted
out, and tM Cannes of the failure discovered.
Ilow to Tsll a Good Cow,???Many persons select
cows from their knowledge of a tingle Indication
denoting quality, but It is clttmed tbit tho best
sign for rlchnisa of mllh Is deep orange color In
side tbe ears. Such Is said to be Infallible, but
there are aeeompsuylug points that assist tho ex
pert In miking his selection from a number. After
examining tbe ears, feel the skin on tho rump
aud observe that It should be soil, velvety aud
ea<lly falls again to Its pcilllon when iho band Is
removed. Tbe hair should be flue and silky, with
yellowish cast underneath. Tbe milk veins
should be very ptomiuoni, uulform, and Ihe ud
der well balanced, extending full to the rear, sud
Will forward In frout lo the main milk ducts that
extend along the belly. Thi bones should bo fine,
the eye mild aud expressive, tbe body abowlug a
tendeuoy to avoid accumulating fat, the teats even
and at regular lulervala, with the escutcheon well
defined, dandruff bclug easily rubbed therefrom,
aud ibe cow should give indications of being a
good feeder.
Gillespie they made their wav through I Judge Flanders of New York,
tbe window ou the root of the car. ???As we The Hon. Joseph R Flanders e D joys tbe
CM?* ? ut the window, said Mr. I eminent distinction of beimr one of tbe most
iSS!??? onecan 1 ng for help, but \ prominent lawyers of New York. Born aud
brought up in Malone, Franklin county, on
. a- v .. . the edge of the Adirondack region, he early
p'aiM uy crawling on our devoted himself to the practice of law, and
n 0 ??* dipping car took an active part in the politics of the
l on roof of the state. He was for years judge in Franklin
1 HE i wo WRECKS,
The itoillcs
the Dcatf Mem F??Ufed fend
fitlMfeTed.
Tho scents at the two wrecks on tho
Western and Atlantic yesterday were
horrible. Yesterday morning at
four o???clock tbe crews of
men commanded by Captains John H.
Flynn and Dave Wylie and Mr. Marlin Doo
ly, were put to work to clear away the wreck
aud recover the dead men. The night be fore
last tbe most of the men slept at Big Shauty
end yesterday morning allrespondcdon time.
Big Uhanty is iltnatsd almost
centrally between the wrecks, and for
tunately for the railroad there was a number
train, composed of an engine end several flat
cars, at that point at the ilmeof tbe two acci
dents. This engine rendered invaluable aid
in the work of removing the debria and In
transferring passengers. A crew under com
mand cf Messrs. Wills and Dooly was taken
to Moon???s, where the wreck of the freight
train occurred. No work was done at this
place tho night list ire on account of the fear
that the engine wonld fall from Its lofty
perch on tie side of tho bank and
crosh those who were at work below. The
engineer sad fireman still lay
busied densath the wbeck,
while the tenner of the engiue and the rem
nants of sixteen freight care were piled In
broken lumps upon theiu. Tne chum caused
by the washout was about fifty feet across by
forty feet in depth. Tbe men weut to
wore with a will to rescue the
bodiee of their unfortunate fel
low workmen. The debria was being
quickly removed, there being aboutsixty men
at work, when some of tne men who were at
work about the lower ptrt of the engine
boiler, cried out, "Here he if," and on exam
ination tbe dead body of Engineer McDonald
was found. It was tightly wedged in between
the fire box of the cugine and tbe bank, end
was almoet completely buried under the
fallen earth and tne wreck of tbe cars, Strong
arms and willing hearts were
soon at work * tearing away the
broken planks and aboveliog away
the looee earth from the body end at 7:2D a.
m , the body waa raised from ita resting place
and placed on a litter by the brawny hands
of bis comradi s, while their volcet choked as
Ihey spoke of the terrible fate he had met.
The ecenrfricicnted waa a harrowing one,
and men turned their faces'hat they might
not reveal the womanly tear in their eyes.
The body was put on board strain and taken
down to Marietta.
It was put in tbe charge of an undertaker
who prepared it for burial. The employes
of tbe read iu and about Marietta assisted by
the noble heurted ladles of that city made
wreaths and Grosses of immortelles and the
casket was beautifully ornamented.
B. A. McDonald, or Bine McDonald
he waa familiarly called,
was known to almost every
lerson along the line of the road, he haring
teen running over tbe road for me pest six
teen years. On all sides nothing oonld be
beard but regrets that such a noble hearted
and Christian man had gone down to such a
horrible and untimely death.
naniNo tub eacoao Sony.
Saddened and elck at heart the men went
back to work to find the body of Mr. McCul
loch, tho fireman. The work of removing
the broken care progressed awiftly. Tbe
pieces of limber and plank were taken aside
and piled in great hespe. A great portion of
tbe iron sheering of tbe tender was torn off
and caught by the engine and pressed by lie
weight on the upper end and by the weight
of tbe beanie of the freight can
fiat against the side of tbe
washout. Peering beneath this one of
the meu saw a portion of bii clothing. The
men set to wora with above Is and axee to re
cover Ihe body end about 12:50 o'ciock it wee
pulled from behind the pieoe ol tin and
f laced In a litter and home to a handcar.
be face was washed and tbe clotted blood
covered the bead. Tbe face woe terribly
bruised and cut, so much so that it was
almost unrecognisable. There were several
deepeutson theforrhead over the eyes, Tbe
iluibe were all broken and men who exam
ined tbe body declared that there wu
scarcely a wno.e bone in it.
isto tub raws or math.
When the melt car made tbe plnnge ita
inmates were Misers. Hills, Gillespie, and
Merrill. Tbe two lint are ronte agents and
they were engaged in sorting and distribut
ing the mail. Tbe young men, Mr. .Harvey
stomach ovei Hi
down to a brake
second car and Irum there) up <o the bank.
We then wen' hack to me sleeping
car and lay down, ns l was feeling weak
from my hurt. a<i ai once I tbuiighiof the
voice I bad heard calling far help and made
a rush out of the door and back to the wreck,
followed by a gentleman whom I did not
know. I hallooed for Merrell twice, but re
ceived np response. However, the engineer
answered me from the other Bide. By this
time the mass in the bottom of the gnlch
caught fire end waa soon blazing furiously.
It was terrible to sea the poor boy burn and
Snow there was no help for it "
SlRniNG THE BODY OSRR HESEILL
Early yesterday morning, Mr. R. L. Calla
way, of Atlanta, who had been commissioned
to take charge of the remains of young Mer
rell by his father, with a Constitution re
porter and othen, visited the scene of the
wreck for the purpose of finding the body if
possible. The remnants of tbe can were still
smoking in the bottom of the
gulch, The engine still remained
I ierched on the edge of the abyss
ooking as if it would fail every moment aud
bury the party of searchers under its im
mense weight. The eearch continued about
two hours, when they were found aud
taken from tbe ruins and carried to Big
8hanfy, sod from there brought to the ciiy.
The body was burned beyond recognition.
Dasraoa to tbs railroad and along the limb
Tne damage to the railroad will amount
fully to $76,000 Besides the two washouts
mentioned eud in which the trains are
wrecked, there is also another bad washout
at Noonday, about one mile this aide of the
freight wreck. This is fully forty foot in
width and extends half way across the bank,
the western side having caved in. A force
of bands are at work repairing the work as
fast as possible.
Reports were received at Big Shanty yes
terday that all ihe county bridges in that
eeciion bad been washed away; also that all
of the mills with their dams oil Proctor end
Noonday creeks have gone down.
The Chattahoochee river was higher Tues
day than it has been known to be for years.
It commenced rising after Ihe rain Monday
night and in twelve hours had riren about
ten feet. Yesterday evening it began falling
slowly. The evidences of the terrible rain
along the line are atill very evident. Old
settlers say that it was tbe lrardeet rain they
have ever seen.
THE CUBAN AGITATION,
The Cap-ala Ucncral l* bn It, ralltC???.Vetrhlna Ear
Fliilkaatcr*.
New Yobx, April 14 ???A Madrid special
says the Aguero movement in Caba will lead
to iho removal of Cav???ellu and tbe appoint
ment of General Kivera.nowon tliePhillipIne
islands, es captain general of Cuba. Advices
from Havanaatateltissemi officially reported
tbet Aguero penetrated the rich jurisdiction
of Colon, receiving every where on the road
accessions of men and horses. He
had burned tho various ??? planta
tions where help was denied. The insurection
will increase if tbe troops are unable to cap
ture the party. Borne of the papers accuse
the military authorities with atier Ignorance
and Indifference. Boats from the flag ship
Tennessee are patrolling around the island
and ihe light house.
At Key West, Florida, the steamer Laurel,
cruising about tbe entrance of tb?? harbor
to intercept any contemplated expedition to
Cuba. Rumors aro rife but they have little
foundation.
Maobid, April 14.???An official dispatch
from Cuba reports that a band of forty-two
insurgents, under Juran, who Intended join
ing Aguero, wore attacked by tho troops and
thirty-eight men were killed.
THE TIME CONVENTION.
Arrfefesffeff a Ttai Pehofule lor 0aatk??ra raralnal
Potato*
Nsw Yoi k, April 10.???'The southern rail
road time convention was in session for three
hours here to-day. Representatives of Ibe
principal southern roads attonded. The
primary object of the convention waa to do*
terrains the schedule of through trains
between New York and Jacksonville, Atlanta,
New Orleans and other points. It was
decided that tbero should be no changes if
time between New York and Washington,
and that when local changes were made
south of Washington they should take rllect
May fltli. Benrmaiy W. F. Allen presented
a report for tbe adoption of Ihe standaid
time, which, be aald, Is uow recognised
among 45 ol 60 million people in the United
Blslea. Tbe contention put on record by
resolution, its recognition of Mr. Allen es
the originator of the system, and tine
through whose efforts it had been adopted.
The question of uniform signals wu settled
by the formal indorsement of a reaolurion
dealing with tbe sul-jsct. which tho general
time convention adopted at Its session iu
Cincinnati last week. Tho convention
adjourned until nextOctober in this city.
REBELLION IN MSXICO.
A. Merreil, was temporarily employed os
mail weigher. He bad finished his workani
tain down and gone to deep When tbe
crash came be wu sleeping u peacefully os
a little child. never dreaming
of the horrible fete that wu in
s'ore for him. Mr. Hills wu thrown from one
end of the car almost to tbe otberetriking hie
breast against something to the ear, and in-
j nring himself veiy badly, though in no wise
fatally. Mr. Hills wu confined in a narrow
apace of about five feet square, aad he called
to Mr. Gillespie to know if be wu still alive.
Mr. Gillespie answered him, end Mr. Hills
toll him to come to him, that be bad
found s window. Followed by Mr.
k9 NtllfM Tara Oat Aftlail Ibo American
iitilltaU*;
Chicago, April 16 ???A special from Klpiso,
Texas, to the Daily Nows stys: A dispatch
from l-???racaa-Ecas, Mexico, 75 miles south of
here, is to the offset that there is trouble
among tbs Inhabitants and an uprising
against tbe American residents. They at-
tackrd the Mexican Central railroad, burned
the bridges and tore up tbe track for several
miles. In Cbibaebaa the governor called
out the troops to prevent any demonstra
tions. Travelers from the interior for several
days have reported an uneasy feeling and
faara of a rebellion among the inhabitants.
Ht Louie. April 16 ??? Lsla ad rices from Vers
L'rus Male that yellow fever prevails there, sud
that It destbs occurred In olc day 1st! week.
Among those who sled wu an American named
C if. Powers, formerly connected wtih ure Mexi
can Central railroad, Tbe American consul who
had the fever bu recovered.
A NOVEL. FIOHT.
A Weassa aaS a TilMI rt.l.il.c BaJlraaS IVark la
Smkira
Brooklyn, April 16???Some excitement
was caused this, morning when theSmp'oiea
nf tbe Bruff Elevated railway comp- -> In
Brooklyn resumed work on the road in tbe
vicinity of the church of the A-sumption.
The putor of the church had been assured
that the compiny wonld take another auee>,
bat tbie morning he found that they were
pushing tbe rood directly in front of tlie
church. A large crowd collected and hooted.
One women planted herself on tbe flagstone
which a workman wu to remove, and dared
them to move her. The woi kmen removed
the stone with tbe women standing on it.
The putor of tbe church subsequently pro
cured an injunction restraining tne company
from procsedlog with tbe work, and the police
then (topped the operellooe of the workmen.
A OVPSY chief.
Tka Urt4?? *ra Greer H??Uj PiraicS-lk* It Huito
Alai a.
YouxowoWN, Ohio, April 15.???William Wells is
the leader of a large band of gypstea encamped tael
of the city, and bu a wife and six daughters. Tbe
second one, Amelia, elgbtaen yrars old, Is a band
soma brnaatte. Recently while at Mansfield, Ohio,
sba became enamored of a gypsy qtnt bemad Wil
liam Hlanler, ksowu at one of tbe beat bone
j ickeya In Ohio, mauley eaktd peimnrioutomak*
net bis wife, but the father refused, and IDs coupte
eloped, bnt were raptured the seme day. and since
???ben Ibe daughter IMS been guarded my fleetly.
Lest night, while tbe ramp tlumbtred, Hrealty ap
peared with two fleet Rot oeo, gtMly awakened hie
a wee th cart, aud preclog her ou one endmounda*
die other, were soon mllra away on the red lo
happlaeo*. At daybreak her abeeuce wu dltcov
mo. end the mea In eemp dlepaiched In tvery
direction In Kerch of Ibe couple, but no clew wu
obulntd. and Stanley and bis sweetheart are
donNJrai married and laughing at the ruse played
on tbe father.
county; and hp served with distinguished
ability several terms in the legislature of New
York. He wu for a long time in partnership
in tbs practice of law with the Hen. W. A.
Wheeler, who was Vies President of the
United States during tbe presidency of Mr.
Hayes. Judge Flanders wu a member of tbe
famous committee appointed about
twenty years ago to revise tho
Constitution of the Slate of New York. He
always bu beeb a staunch aud fearless advo
cate of temperance reform, and of purity in
political attain. Daring the controversy
which led to the war, he wu conspicuous for
his consistent and forcible advocacy of ???State
rights,?????? always taking tbe ground of the
statesman and jurist, and not affiliating with
the demagogues or noisy political charlatans
on either aide.
In .his present appearance Judge Flanders???s
countenance gives np indication of tho rr
markable physical experience through which
he hu passed. No oue would suppose, from
seeing him busily at work in his law office, a
cheerful, hearty and well preserved elderly
gent???eman,that hewu formany yean a great
sufferer, and that his emancipation from
slavery to severe disease wu a matterof only
recent date. But even so it la. Visitlne him
n few days ago in bis well appointed law of-
fflees in ???Temple Court,??? which Is one of the
new twelve-story office buildings of the
metropolis, we found him disposed to engage
in conversation regarding hfs Illness *n-1 Ins
completeireatoratlon to health. The in fir mil
lion whieb he communicated in regard to this
extraordinary case wu as substantially
follows:
"For many years 1 suffered from weak
digestion and the dyspepsia consequent upon
it. My health was not at any time since l
was i wen ty-ono y esra of age vigoruu* ;although
by persistence and close application I have
been able ill most of the years lo perform i
large amount of work in my profession.
Gradually l declined into a state of physical
ami nervous prorlratlon, iu which work be
came almost an impossibility. In 1370 l wo*
all ran down in strength and spirits. Energy
and ambition had entirely departed. That
summer I went to Saratoga, and took a va
riety of the water*, under the rllreollon of
one of the resident physicians. But Instead
of receiving any benefit 1 grow weaker urid
more miserable all Ihe time 1 wu there.
"In September I returned lo New York in
very reduced stato. X was incapable of work
and barely able lo leave the house. Soon
after my relurn 1 suffered a violent chill,
which prostrated me to tba lut degree. But
under medical treataient X gradually rallied,
so that In the tourseof the winter and spring
l managed to do a little work at my office in
my profession. During this time, however,
I wu snliject to freqnent fire of prostration,
which kept me for days and weeks at a time
In the iiouse.
"So I kept on until the anmmer of 1882 I
tried a variety of medicaments whieb kind
friends recommended, end was under the
care of several physicians from time to time.
In the latter part of tho summer I went to
Thousand Islands, where I staid several
weeks with friends. But 1 found the atraos
phere did not agree with me. Soon I had a
chill; not a severe one, yet in my state It
added to my weakness and general discom
fort. Several days after this I had anotbor
chill which totally prostrated me.
???As soon after ibis as I was able to travol
I went to Malone, my old Franklin county
home, intending to stay fur n while anion,
relations and friends, and to consult my oli
family physician. But I found that he waa
invuy ill rIk- While inoiiiiljiini willi V ???
President Wheeler, roy old friend and for
mer law partner. They did not relurn to
Malone until three daya beforo I left there.
Of courso I consulted tho physician. He
ueiiher raid nor did muoh for me. I came
away feeling that the battle of life was nearly
ended. The next time I saw Mr. Wheeler In
New York, he told me that the doctor said
to him that he never expeoted again to see
me alive. When I arrived at homo in Sep
tember, it was In a slate of sueb exhaustion
that I wu unable to leave home except ou
blight mill sunshiny days; and tlren only to
wal x s'o bIv u block or two. *
"Meanwhile my eon, who had been in
Muuchmetts, made the acquaintance of a
country postmuter in that state, an elderly
gentleman, wuose prostration teems to bava
been as great u my own. or nearly so, This
gentleman had been taking the Compound
Oxygen Treatment, and had received from it
the most surprising advantage. My eon
wrotn frequently,' and urged that 1 should
try this treatment. Bat I had lost all faith
in reraediet. I had tried many things, and
had no energy to try any more. But In Sep
tember my ton came to New York, and per
suaded me to visit Dr. Turner who is In
onsrgo of Dr. Starkey A Paleo's office In New
York for the Compound Oxygen Treataient.
My going there was not becauu I hail any
faith in this treatment, but to gratify my
son???s kind importunity. When Dr. Turner
examined my cue, he thought I wu so fsr
gouo that he hardly dared to express the
faintest hope, ,
"On the 7th of October I commenced tak
ing tho Treatment. To my great surprise 1
began to feel better within n wet k Ina
month I improved eo greatly that I win tide
to comelo my office and dosonie legal work i
then canietntlieoflioH rrgu'arly except in ha 1
weather. Ou the 19th of Dr camber a law
matter came Into my bands. Itwatsooiu-
plicated cun, promising to give much trouble
and to require very clmo attention. I had
no auibiiion to take if, for I bad no confi
dence in my ability to attend to iL I con
sented, however, to advise concerning it, and
to do b little work. One complication after
another arose. 1 kept working atitallwin-
ter anil Into the spring. For three months
this case required as continuous tnougbt and
labors* 1 had ever bestowed on any com in
all my legal experience. Yet under the con
stant pressure and anxiety 1 grew stronger,
liking Compound Oxygen ail the lime. In
the spring, to my astonishment, and that ol
my friends, I wu as litas ever for hard work
and close application.
"My present health is each that 1 can
without hardship or undue exertion attend
>?? the business of my profession u of old.
I am ngulerly at my (.files In all kinds of
weather, except the exceedingly stormy, and
even then It is seldom that I am housed. My
digestion is good, roy sleep is as natural aud
easy aa it ever wu. ana my appetite la u
Uesrtf ss l "i Id -dr
"A remarkable feature of my caw ia the
hopelessntss with which Dr. H a/ley viewed
It at the outset. It wu not brought to ids
personal atn-ntlon nmil slier, in Dr. Turmr s
care 1 had begun the treatment. Th-u my
son wrote to him, setting forth my c-mdiliou,
end - eking him to interest himself individu
ally in endeavors fur my hem lit Dr. Star-
key replied that be had oerefnlly examined
tbe cue, u set before him; and that there
wu evidently nothing that could be done.
He saw no possible chance of my being made
better, and doubted if I could cyan be made
more comfortable. ???I am very eorry,??? he
wrote, ???to giveeuch a hopeless prognosis, but
conscientiously I can give no othir Wha;
would Dr. Star key have Ssid, had he then
been assured that In lets than a year from
tbe time of hie writing t sbonld be thorough-
'y restored to ss good health u I ever bad,
sud that I should be able to attend regularly
to the arduous duties of my pruf-uioo?
"Do I still continue to rake the Treat
ment? No; not regularly, for my eye'eru Is
in such condition that I do not need it Once
in a while, if I happen to take cold, I resort
to tbe Treatment tor a few days, and always
with certain and beneficial effect.
"My confidence in tbe res.oratfve power of
Compound Oxygen ia complete; si also it ia
in tne ability Bnd integrity of Drs. Starkey A
Palen, and of Dr. Turner, who is in cbsrgeof
thslr New York Depository; otherwise I
should not allow my name to be used In this
connection. I have thus freely niarienu-iriion
ol the history of my case aa a du???y I owe of
fendering possible service to some who may
be as greatly In need of physical recuperation
aa I ana."
From the above it would aeom that even
the most deapondentinvalidaand those whose
condition haa been supposed to ba bi-yond
remedy, may take courage and be of Food
cheer. For ihe roost ample details in regard
to Compound Oxygeu, reference should be
made ro tbe pamphlet issued by Drs, 8'nrlrey
A Palen, 1109 and 1111 Girard street, Polls-
dalphia. On application hy mail, this pam
phlet will bu sent toany a ldress.
TOPICS AND OPINIONS-
Ono of tbe Iraost prosperous young men In the
Bute Is Hr John D Cunningham, eon of Jndgo J.
D Cuunlngham. Leaving behind him the glare
of city life, ho assumed charge of his fatljcr'e mag.
nlficent property at Orchard Hill. Under Mr rare
ho hu increared Ihe number of trees by ort rlO,-
000 lutwoyetrs.hu mulered all tho dill! .-ulllee
of peach culture, and perfected such arrango-
menu for the disposal of bis crop that ho may
welt be railed tbe peach king of tho touth. As lo
iho part of Georgia best adapted to peach culture,
Mr. Cunningham says Ibat tbero Is a dividing
ridge between the waters of the Atlantic oseam
and those of the Gulf of Mexico, commenting
about rorsyth aud running to Atlanta which Is
from three to flvo miles wide. This section Is pe
culiarly adapted to tho peach; it li safer Mom host,
the trees Ust longer and.thefrult ir of ampirfor il??-
vorsud color. This ridge U very htgh.bolh actually
and relatively; the winds are seldom at rest; and
again tbe air Is dry, the temperature In wluier le
m cold that premamre blcMomlng Is prevented.
Further touth tho buds aro apt lo swell io winter
and be "winter killed.??? The ulshis )u Ibe fall aro
so cold on this this ridge that vegetation is checked
In lime to allow tho buds to matme. The country
around Orchard Ilill U by far tho best adapt! d of
any portion of IhU ridge, but near Hewuan, Madl
???on. Orceusboroisnd Covington la also a good peach
country. Grsprs also fiourhh la Ibe samo sectionb.
The mounUIn sidesomhs Western and Atlantic
railroad aro npceltUy adapted to tho gmpo.
Around Angusta melons, cantalonpos aud straw
berries, besides all tender vegetables, would grow
to perfection. Etch motion U peculiarly adapted
to grow somo particular fruit to perfection. Ur.
Cunningham says be lost a thousand dollars try lag
to grow Ilsrtleit pears In ralddlo Georgia aud nn-
other thousand on apples, and it wonld bo Just an
unwlaotoattnn.it to grow peaches south nf tho
belt moniloned. Tho LcUunto pear flourishes
arouml BmUbvIllo while tho peaob would provo
eullrely unprofitable. Mr. Cunningham hasovor
60,000 IreraIn bearing. In Ihe shipping season ho
often sends off from 6,COO to OJOO crates dally, apd
???Ifll hundreds of bushels rot from wautof labor
to garner them. Chinese cllnga, of tlavor superior
to that of tbe Jersey peacl, command readily six
dollars s bushel Is Philadelphia and New York,
while tho New Jeriey peach brought but one thlnl
that sum. In bit fre Ight bill wu over! 12.000.
Now tho same fruit ran be marketed In the samo
markets, Iu better condltloo, by use of Iho Austell
refrigerator care, tor about oue-balf or ono third
the money. Now is Iho Utno to mnko money plant
ing peaches and delicate fruits and vigotables. Tho
CenlrRl railroad, the Wetloraand Allaullc and the
Georgia railroads have arranged for a voiumncnt
auppy of Iheso refrigerator cars for parlies
along the lino of these roaas. Evaporating and
cam.lug Mr. Cuunlngham bellovcv to bo very
profitable, IIo knew of a nortberu Arm which
was paying 11 per bushel for inferior pcsche??? 1
and stripping them cstiuod to us at a profit. There -
Is no real on llmt a canning factory iu any commit*
inly. In Iho fruliatid vegetable regions of Georgia,
would not pay. The northern people make
ortuucs growing vrgctablcs ou laud worth 1100 per
aero, with labor at ono dollar par day, canning
them and shipping them to us. A groit many men
are going into the business of fruit raising in tula
teflon of Georgia. Tho Wosdruff fruit faim,
sbovo Grlfllii has 4C0 acres, planted mslnly In
grspta. Besides Ibo Woodruff giapo faim of 400
acres, young Woodruff has 100 acres, Dtley ICO
terra, J. Kcllar too acres. Hurled 100seres, I'.Hmlth
ICO sens, Leavenworth 00 acres, M. U. Kelvry 50
idles, and imall frull man 100 acres. Fully 5} pur
cent of thesq fruits aro grapes.
Deputy Sheriff Zirn has lodged Iu Burke county
J all Pr m Vi llllsmr, who waylaid and killed Clem
Bush last October. Mr. Earn got a clue to a part;
ailing himself Isaao Jackson, working near or on
Iho Augusts and Kuoniilo railroad, tu Carolina,
that answered to lbs dticrlpllon of Bern WI,llama,
and promptly following It up, found in Jackiou
Iho man ho baa boon qn the lookout for, for somo
Ums.
Tho truck prospect in Brooks county Dpromlslug.
Tbero sro ten seres in ukra near li-riiman. An
other man hu two acres f u lumstora Tho acrcsge
iu melons, though not aa large as lest jiar.it lu
excellent condition.
Haraauah News: A colored mau called at the
police barracks and reported that a negro preacher
had been shut while holding service In a Obursh
located iu ono of tho negru sittlemeuia touihol
tho city. Two mouutrd pullcemeu wero lmmedl-'
ab ly dispatched to tho locality for the pui p.iso of ???
bringing In tho author of the dlilurbaDOe, but they
returned about midnight ampiy-bauded, tbs di???
tnrbor having made his recipe. Tho ofllccii re
ported Ibat during preaching hours atn church
loratod at Cook's plane, ou too Mlddto Ground
rosd, anouta mile beyond Anderson streol, a
young negro named Fred Waldburg
created a dlsturbanoo outildo Ibo church
door, annoying thocmgrcgatlou. A colon 1 man
named Jefferson, cither Ibo preacher or an cllleJr
of tho church, wont out and ondcarored to sllenco
him, but to this he waa unsuccessful, and pro
voked a quarrel. Hot words brought on a fighl,
and In in i Altercation WaMbnwt shot Jnur-uu
withailir'giiu. Tbs ebargo of small bird shut
lodged In J< fferaoo'e floo ai d arm. This bn ko up
Ihe devotional exercltu for tbe Urn.-, ami ih>-
male portion nf tha congrcgsilnu proc. I-.:. -1 io dis
arm lira jnufblul di spend >, and,hath g .uareded
??? so o*tng endeavored to bold him uml- r mivV-
this tne/were uot so su-resa-lol Va .lours
broke away and ran Into Mi Uouml whirl,
by,audio a faw mumeuta emerged "
*
brnn>llihluga ft rinl'Ublc
(com
4 tfenfnshis
jr??urn to detaiu him. Jlofcucceed*??> iL k ?? | line
nts would bo c&pton at bay until bo nx'cbla
cactpd into lha adjacoot woodi. It waa mauk! to
the oflieem that a white man bad ???uuiijuenlly
???ecu Waldburg. and bad fired two abnta ??t him.
Tbewooda wcre??courc*d, but reluctantly thoolb*
cua *tro compelled lo return to tberlij end re
port at headquarters that the bled had Uo * a.
An exetml m of Mhiourt editors fa ou i(a way to
Florida. Tbe odltors w lit atop of er ia Atlanta one
day lo order lo fret tbe betrlaff of tho ruin paw.
Jacksonville, Florida, tho party wiii laud, >hed
their overcoat!, don their ilnen, piocure a hall
dozen palmetto fan* of tbe natural leaf and make
general auivcy of tbeclty. which will be to them
one ooatUfuouacrand rccoo of beauty* Tho petty
will board a flue ateamer and make direct for au
Aufoatlne, on Iho A thus tie coast, the most an*
ci?? nt aud probib!J Iho moat noted city ia tho Uni-
tcdltijate*; thcnci acron the peolouila. tho oeiU
drivers will go to Cedar Key ion the gulf of Mea*
Ico, partake of come fine turtle coup and U:??n
bard an ocean steamer and sail for Havana, Cuba.
It will be well If they ewape being taken aa pari
Aquero'Afllllbuttering laud when they reach
the "ever faithful
Mr. tieorge 8. /loach, of Wajcrets, is going into
thecblckeo raUlog bu*iue??a on a large acalc. He
haa arenred a apleudld lot for that pnrpoaofrom
Ber. W* II. Thouua, of that t lace, acd when we
were there !&it week,waa buildirg a Urge hennery.
Fart oi iho lot waa ploughed up and p'auted with
imali grata, we nuppoio, while about ouo acre la
pine thicket. Rev. Mr. Thomas waa at woik ditch-
log around the prcmiMi.aud though an old man ez
hiblta traits of an exceedingly IcduMrloua old
gentjemau. We have not tbe least doubt as to tae
MKxfcHiof the venture, htcaUMj Mr. K./??u:h teidota
cngiigcain anything that will not wields p ofil.
m to _
yon in the baiin<
failure with*
light piofit oy thlae
e, and io t
Iking would bo a
ns ae???nodlat preacher, and Metho-
i thrive bettor when ia??y have chick*
oflee<'oauty, fia., Gare-te.
,1