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t \T I 1 rpEOBUAl. | j \ 11.. | SonTHEBi 1F.RN ReOORDEK 111 1829. I “ 1819.I CONSOLIDATED 1872 Milledgeville, Ga., February 22. 1887. Number 33- UNION & Weekly In MllleilKoVlUe.GH. ybabnes & MOORE. 8'- on montliB for Hevenly-flve cents, e. ^ avesHf notpsn' In advance, jliars * otcot. J** ss M• HMYTHK.arc en- Ku'N ION” r nrt t h c“ SOUTHERN consolidated, Aagustlst, 1872, .pElt’»*[!; it" Korty-Thlrd Volume and nn ..!^ l8Km.v-Tl.lrd Volume. iVSPEPSIA V M diftreatinff compUintTTf iHjgerou* m * i-jpgjring nutrition, »nd do- Ipld Decline. m mart ot Broire’» Iron Bittern fat m meuf»t>«Tri!de_M«rk end crowedredjltaM Ialtimmue, ho, 311 cw. ly loklj end oompletel [oral, Heartburn, B< S^jn^tSHufaMR &• —taiUUon of food. J 1 1 T Kon rti, the honored pertor of Un tat hoiom" Chufoh. BelUmore. fid.. «T«: H&dni uwd Brown’* iron Bitten for D/lpepeU U'XA 1 Court, °s. *A0»V d “ Myi|; .. I l>ear port cheerfy 1 *—♦«- my to vw of L repepbla, and a* a tonic jminehmbo.e Trade 1 pril G 1886] gTtTwiedenman, ERCHANDISE BROKER, Milledgeville, GA. lice ill Bank Building. ,ri, 11, 1887. 27 If DR. W. H. HALL ,s removed his office to the room forme riv occupied l>y Mr. Walter no. clerk ol superior Court. (8 tf EDITORIAL GLIMPSES. We fear that the cotton growers are getting the worst of the bargain in the sale of their cotton seed. Atlanta lias failed in her effort to get the State fair, even every other year, as the meetingofthe State Agri cultural Society adjourned before re- cievlng her last proposition. For the present Macon is the master of the situation. Merchants who fail to advertise will not do much trade. There will not be much profit in that business at the end oi the year. The successful mer chants in Milledgeville, and in every other city, are the most liberal ad vertisers. It is stated that the lumber business in the Southern States is astonishing. The quantity in those States is in miles, 1,371. in the other States 897 miles. These Southern forests of vast extent possess everything for build ing ships, houses, bridges, wharves, machinery and furniture. Stefano Meratti, who is now fast ing at Paris, is a youth of 23. He prepared himself for fifty days’ ab stinence by eating a large goose, bones and all, two pounds of beef, a large dish of vegetables and several dozen walnuts with their shells. I fits W. Roberts, A.ttonioy-at-Xjiaw MILI.KD(iKVILLK, G A. li* un given to all are. ( mice in room formerly D. It. Hanford. G. LAMPLEY, iss CRAYON ARTIST! lio in the M. (J. M. & A. College. 1EE SIZE CRAYON PORTRAITS from photographs. “Lessons given in Crayon, Oil ting, Kensington painting on ■t and satin. Orders and pupils solicited, && edgeville, Jan. 4, ’87. 2*0 3m Or. W. A. MOORE, KILShis professional services to the poo- le of Milledgeville, Baldwin county and sur- ,,n 8 country. When not professionally irH. he will he found during the day at his ‘ and residence next door east of Masonic Ugevllle, (;a , Nov. 16, irsg. 19 3m. IMS’ SURE CURE UTH-WASH and DENTIFRICE. Ulcers, Teeth and Puri tie loath. Sore th bleeding ( license h: usch ami recommended hv leading clen- l repured hy Dr.-. J. i>. ,v. W. R. Hoi.mrs, For sale by till druggist Salt Rheum Tlic agonies of those who suffer from severe ilt rheum arc indescribable. The cleansing, 'tiling, purifying influences of Hood's Sarsa- rHlaare unequalled by any other medicine. I take pleasure In recommending Hood's usaparilla, for it lias done wonders for me. mil salt rheum very severely, affecting mo r nearly my entire body. Only those who suffered from tills disease In its worst can imagine the extent of my affliction. (, il many medicines, but failed to receive 'Tit until I took Hood’s Sarsaparilla, n tlie disease began to subside, the Agonizing Itch and Pain Tpoarcd, ami now I am entirely free from disease. My blood seems to bo thor- • h’nffled, and my general health is ■my benefited.” Lyman Allen, Sexton L. Church, North Chicago, 111. ' ; s " u hail salt rheum on ills hands and ' Mi s of his logs, so bad that they would u ' open and bleed. lie took Hood's Sav , ant l is entirely cured.” J. 15. Stan- '.Mt. Vernon, Ohio. From 108 to 136 I'..is seriously troubled with salt rheum 'li • i Ullt * rece ^ n R no benefit from a.i treatment 1 decided to try Hood's '‘lurllla. I am now entirely cured of salt lay "Tight has increased from 108 lbs. -"its. Alice Smith, Stamford, Conn. 1 suffer from salt rheum, or any blood . ry "°°d's Sarsaparilla. It has cured ">> others, and will cure you. Hood’s Sarsaparilla iionwji'i!*' 21; six for ps. Prepared only A co„ Apothecaries, Lowell, Mass. °0 Doses One Dollar b 11 188 '- 30 cw. ly The German Emperor possesses in domitable strength and courage. For a man of 90 his physical condition is wonderful. After a recent railway night journey of fifteen rnileB he did not take time to rest upon his return, but at once began to transact impor tant business with a succession of va rious high functionaries. The American Cotton Seed Oil Mill which is only second to the giant Standard Oil monopoly, of which it i4 r direct descendant, will close its books, May 21, in possession of four- fifths of the oil-mills of this country, nine-tenths of the refining capacity, a commanding position in the lard and soap industries, no debts and some thing like $4,000,000 of net earnings in its treasury. At a party in the mountain region of Vermont every one of the guest is supposed to chew gum. At supper-time every guest is supposed to stick his or her quid on the wall. After supper no guest is supposed to be mean enough to trade off his or her quid for any one else's. Where these rules are heeded the party is spoken of as a success, and the dove of paace hov ers o'er each head as it proceeds homeward. Judge Reagan, after so many bal lotings was elected a Senator for Texas. He was Postmaster-General of the Southern Confederacy. He is an able man, a hard worker, and we think lie deserved the place to which he lias been elevated from a seat the House. We thought, for some time, that his Inter-State Commerce bill would fail of success. But Judge Reagan is a hard worker and his in domitable energy put it through. No one doubts his ability and honesty and his whole career lias shown that he is a man of more than average ability. The writer of these few words has seen and talked with Judgi Reagan and was impressed with tin idea that he was a man of far more than ordinary ability. We are grati fled at his success. Taxlaying and Taxpaying. BY HON. SAMUEL BARNETT. We publish this week Mr. Barnett' article as promised in our last week’s issue. None of our readers will neg lect to read and study it. It ought to he published in every paper in the State and in every paper in the Uni ted States. It needs no comment from us. We labored for years to show the iiumenso evils to which we are subjected by the enactments of the general government. Some of our friends thought we must liav been mistaken to some extent, at least, in our figures, and some of our subscribers withdrew from the pnpe in their devotion to the protective tariff. Our patience was wearied at the tame submission of many to the wrongs inflicted upon them, and es pecially at the evidence manifested by others that those wrongs were deemed by them to be blessings in stead of evils. We exercised a painful patience, believing, yea, knowing that the wrongs of which we wrote would sooner, or later, so corrode the public prosperity ns to force the peo ple to thought, to a study of (lie causes of their monetary spoliation and awaken them to the’wrongs in dicted upon them by their trusted public servants. Since we sent on Mr. Barnett’s communication, wo have received another issue of the Islimaelite, containing a second article from Mr. Barnett so full of sharp pointed arrows, that we doubt not the pro tectionists will feel in their hearts that their expected years of triumph to come are in danger of being cut short by his powerful logic. He cer tainly uses a bow of polished steel, and if his arrows seem to bo poisoned it is because they are aimed at the enemies of the people. Heisavvrong doer to the people, who oppresses them with unjust taxes whether it is done knowingly or ignorantly. This second article of Mr. Barnett will fol low the one published this week. The protectionists will find it spirited if not very fascinating. For the Union-Recorder. One Prime Cause of State and Na tional Prosperity. Mr. Editor-.—In casting about for the great factors in the wide-spread and phenomenal success of the peo ple, of the Nation and the several states respectively, we find to be the multiplication of newspapers, and the very great reduction in the prices thereof since the war between the States. Nothing can be cited among all the elements of our people’s pros perity that has exhibited a more marked decline in the cost of produc tion than the Newspaper. Whilst the price of almost every article which our people eat and wear (except in a few almost isolated instances) has in creased, the price of the newspaper lias steadily declined. Before the war fiour averaged from six to twelve dollars per barrel, bacon from eight to twelve cents per pound, whilst corn lias been uniformly higher every year since than before the war. Cotton goods are a little lower now, than they were twenty-eight to thir ty years ago, but this is the natural and legitimate result of cheap cotton. Groceries are about as high now as they were for any number of years before the war, but newspapers, all over the country, that were publish ed, prior to the war, for three or four dollars a year, are now published for one dollar and a half and one dollar a year. Here is a reduction in price of two to three hundred per cent. Can any one point to so marked a decline in any other production or in dustry? And when a newspaper once declines in price it never appreciates in price, no matter how much all the materials of mind and matter that en ter into its production increase in cost. Who ever hears of a newspaper increasing its subscription price? It would shock the popular nerves about as much as an act of Congress to put a special tax of two and a half cents per pound on the poor man’s sugar and coffee. The newspaper not only makes the fame and fortune of the statesmen who make the laws of a country, but it is the great educator of the masses of the people, whose intelligence and virtue are the very mudsills of a nation’s greatness, good ness and grandeur. It is the news paper from whose armory the mem bers of both houses of Congress take their stores of argument and informa tion. The schools, the colleges, the courts, the sanctuaries of religion, the very hearts of the people receive in spiration from and are to a great de gree guided by the press of this great and free country. How important then is it that its conductors should be bold, honest, enlighted and virtu ous men, and how immensely impor tant that their hands should be up held by a generous and grateful con stituency, giving a cheerful and sus taining support to their too often un appreciated labors. Aliena. Milledgeville, Ga. Eds. Union-Recorder: The following beautiful hymn, writ ten by a distinguished Presbyterian Divine (Dr. W. H. D.,) to the tune of “Sweet Home” has never been in print but is well worthy of a place in your columns. Moroc. HOME. Washington Letter. From Our Regular Correspondent. Washington, Fkb. 18th, 1887. Editor U nion-Rkcordkr: The sensation of the past week on Capitol Hill was the President’s veto of one of the most reekless specimens of legislation that was ever present ed to any Congress—“The Universal Pension Bill.” Not that his action was a surprise to those who have watched his course in regard to pen sion matters, for he has shown, on several occasions already that he has the courage to do his duty/ But as Representative Springer Bald, no man ever filled the office of President be fore Mr. Cleveland, who would have had the boldness to veto suoh a bill which had passed both Houses of Congress by more than two-thirds majority, and which had so powerful a sentiment at the back of it. Echoes of congratulations have been coining back to the President from all parts of the country, and he has heard plenty of censure from the mere partisans who have learned to regard the war as their personal lega cy. But he will have the praise, ap proval and gratitude of the great mass of the people of all sections, the tax-paying civilian and the honest veteran, of all true patriots both of the North and South. The reading of the President's mes sage explaining his reasons for the veto commanded close attention from the House of Representatives. Many Congressmen are now anable to say what their future action will be un til they have heard from their constit uents. It is thought, however, that the bill could not be passed over the veto, for many members who voted for it have been surprised since at the condemnation it received from people among all parties. Should this remarkable pension bill become a law, it would give a pen sion to every ex-Union soldier who can not earn the sort of living he would like—in other words, to every man who was in the Federal army and is yet alive. It would give a pension to every drunkard and shift less loafer who was in the army for ninety days, even if his disability is due solely to his own vices. It would give a premium to mendicancy and indolence, for nothing convinces a man that he is unable to work like showing him that he can live without TAX LAYING AND_TAX PAYING. BY HON. SAMURL BARNETT. [Washington Chronicle.] Washington, Jefferson and the fa thers of tlm republie, practiced and counselled frequent resort to fit** principles. The Declaration of lode* pendenoe, Washington’s farewell ad dress, the whole scope of the Federal ist are full to overflowing of such ap peals. Inthe light of principle let us study the relations of government to taxation. The field of tax reform we would approach with a measuring rod in our hands. Federal taxation is a waste howling wilderness: it is Intend ed to be kept so. Any survey must be a rough one to begin with. We would measure prin ciples, methods, and amounts. We shall thus immensely strengthen our convictions and better understand our remedies. And first as to principles: Political economists have someth been puzzled as to the exact taxation in their sohemes. _ „ guiding principle is: Government is an exehange of Public servioes for Private servioes. Bastiat presents the solution with unusual clearness—government being the exchange of public for private servioes—the relation Is not aooident- it pi Th< uies laoe of ie great I. John 3-24 -John 14-16, 17, 18— John 17-21, 22, 23,—(Genesis 16-13, “Thou God seest me” not as an enemy, but as a Father, Savior, Comforter, Friend.) . I. An exile from Eden, how sweet to my soul, The word of Thy promise, my Savior uiy goal, A pilgrim and stranger on earth as I roam, The Lord is my portion, my refuge, my home Home, Home, sweet, Sweet Home, Oh, kee^D me my Savior, my refuge, my Home. 11. In Thee is the glory, and gladness of light, In Thee is the song, and the solace of night, Whatever my changes, Thy truth will abide, Thy presence to guide mo, Thy love to provide, Home, Home, sweet, sweet Home, Oh, keep me my Savior, my refuge, my Home. 111. And most in my sorrows, Thy heart is with mine, Thou feelest my woes, and Thou ma- keet them Thine, My Home ever open in Thy faithful breast, A refuge unfailing with welcome and rest, Home, Home, sweet, swept Home, Oil, keep me my Savior, my refuge, my Home. lY r . journey, I journey tossed on wlier Through life as I in Thee, In Carmans of blessing o the sen, And better than thes( storms ever rise, I still am in Thee, Thee, my home the skies. Home, Home, sweet sweet Home. Oh, keep me my Savior, my refug my home. Written July 4tli, 1880. no it. And then think of the millions af ter millionsjof the people’s money that such a bill would waste. It would double the pension burden of the United States, making it $150,000,000 a year. It would make the roll call of pensi..ner$ larger than the Federal army ever T\as and fi>ur times as large as the whole standing army of Eng land. The Republican members of Con gress have made but little comment upon the subject. The veto message seems to have taken their breath. Rep. Stalnecker, of New York, thinks the message is the ablest state paper of Mr. Cleveland’s term. Said he. “It takes up the bill, section by sec tion, and just tears it to tatters. In stating his reasons for the veto, he has built a fort around him which it will be pretty difficult to storm.” A Western Congressman, who was speaking of the President’s courage, said, “my admiration for him was never great until now. He 1ms turn ed his face against a sentiment before which all parties have bowed, and if he is sustained by Congress, this inci dent may be the turning point of a popular reaction against the abuse of the whole pension business.” Another enthusiast over the Presi dent’s pluck said, “It is the greatest and the best thing that Cleveland ever did. It required just such a man as he to put a foot down against a system of legislation which threaten ed to swamp this Government. Rep resentative Oates, of Alabama, re marked that this veto would make the South solid again. Indeed there was no limit to this pension business and there appeared to be no one with courage enough to say where it, should stop. Of course the President lius not fixed a final lim it to this kind of pernicious legislation, but lie has shown himself equal to the situation. He lias drawn the atten tion of the country to the abuse in such a way that the people who pan tile taxes will begin to think it over. If lie had signed this Pauper Pen sion bill—a bill pensioning all men who wanted to enlist in the Federal army, but who were physically unable or were needed at home by dependent families. Why not? If all men who enlisted, and who want more for sup port than their present incomes, are entitled to pensions, why should not all men be equal deserving of pen sions who wanted to enlist and could not? The Cost of Ignorance. Absence of knowledge of the fact that physical and mental weakness, indigestion, impure blood, and sick headache can be averted by Dr. Har ter's Iron Tonic, costs millions of money annually for uncertain and unreliable decoctions. It would seem that with ago people outgrow the tendency to commit crime. Mr. Z. R. Brockuway, in the November Forum, points out that of 15,000 prisoner's in New York State 10,000 of them are not more than 30 years of age, while probably 5,000 are under 25 years. officers of government are the agents of the people for public services. Elec tions are the appointment of these agents, and taxation the means for their just compensation. Such being the relations, taxation and the bene fits of government are reciprocal, and should as far as possible be commensu rate. The citizen should pay so much and recieve so much in return. Yet this simple proposition was long un discovered, and rulers even now deny, or refuse to act on it, while taxpayers do not understand and enforce their rights. This is the key to the princi pal of taxation—the measuring rod we need. Applying this test principle of mu tual services to the State governments —they generally stand the test very well. Especially is this true on the whole, with the State government of Georgia. It is indeed a subject of congratulation in our own State, that at this present juncture the minds of our people are especially turned to the subject of State taxation; to its prin ciples, the wrong and right of it, its just and proper methods and the iike. These tilings are important to all and to each citizen individually, for no one escapes annual and pretty hard con tact with taxation. Indeed at the very words “State tax,” “county tax,” especially at the words, “city tax,” the people prick np their ears. Why? Because they kudVo what it is. It is paid all in a lump, in dollars and in cents. It comes home to business and bosom, to that keen seat of sensibility, the pocket nerve. As to State taxation, indeed, we are in safe hands, as to safeguards, viz: Executive and legislative dili gence and constitutional limitations. In Governor McDaniel’s thoughtful message to the General Assembly, un der date of July 5th, 1883, he re marks: “The subject, of taxation cannot en gage too much of your attention.— Equality and uniformity are substan tially secured in theory under our sys tem. There are, however, defects in valuation and consequent inequality of distribution. These can be remed ied without increase of burdens.” He adds: “You can afford to give much study to tills problem. We collect from the people of Georgia, for State and county purposes unnually, less than $1.25 per capita. The Federal government collects from the people of the United States annually, more than $7 per capita. Contrasting these amounts with the benefits received, we have just cause for pride.” Thus we see that in the State we know what we pay, and in what proportion. We pay the State alone, and pay no favor ites, and we grudge anything extra.— Because taxation is direct, it is known and because known, it is checked and limited by the taxpayers. The famous saying: “Millions for defence, not a cent for tribute” should find a parallel not quite so liberal in our system oi! taxation: “For government—not a cent too much. For monopoly—not a cent. In taxation, there should be no ex ception, unless for inability, and no duplication. None should escape his just share—else must some other citi- j zen pay more than his just share. Un der taxation of one, is necessarily over- taxation of another. Such being the status of State tax- I ution, so critically scanned, how is it with the Federal system of taxation? Quite tlie reverse. The tax—rather j the taxes—tlie daily exactions of the Federal government, not paid in a lump, but diffused and spread our, a toll taken every day that we buy su gar or iron, cotton goods or woolen, a hat or a blanket—of tlie system we know little, The tariff excites little attention and but languid comment. Why? Be cause the people do not know. Little Red Ridding Hood goes to bed with tlie wolf and believes herself safe in i tile arms of tier grandmother. Our government has tlie secret which Turgot wished for. It has learned how- to “pluck the goose with out making him cry.” indeed it makes him grateful. Governor McDaniel lays an excel lent foundation for a correct study of this problem. We should ask ti—m tions, get information, understand tto question fully—hold on to it and asi let go. He says, significantly: ‘It is surprising that so little fntw est is manifested in the subject offMft- oral taxation and expenditures. A. oowmon interest in the common spur eminent should induce the peopfoof all the States to give the same atten tion to this subject that they bestow upon loaal systems of taxation »s$SS- penditure. In no other way can w complex government be administered for the benefit of all the people.” These are words of truth and sober ness. Surprising indeed is the want of attention to this great practical snt» ject. That the people of Georgia should not interest themselves in Use taxation of the State of Alabama w the State of Massachusetts is not vse- derful. But it is passing strange that they should neglect federal taxation in which their interest so far exceeds- that in the burdens of State govern ment. What would wo think of it If w were required to pay the State tax of Alabama, the taxes of South CaroUssa and Florida? Yet if federal taxation is equally distributed then the share of Georgia in the federal tax would suffice to administer the State gov ernment of them all. Did I say of ould pay the forth Carol* Carolina, Georgia, (open vour eyes and read on,) Florida, Ain- bantu, Mississippi, Louisiana, Tenner- see, Arkansas and Texas 1 These constituted the old Confed*r> ate States. The federal tax levied on , 1,500,000 of people; about an avenuse State, would pay the aggregate State taxes of them all. The federal tax on, 50,000,000 of people, $400,000,000, or per capita tax, on 1,500,000 at $8, as $12,000,000. If Georgia does not pay her Average share, $12,000,000, some- other State, say Iowa, Indiana «w Maine, pays more than $12,000,000 to- compensate. Behold the comparison by tne census of 1880. Federal tax $12,000,00®.. STATU TAXES. Virginia, 41,218,4®* North Carolina, 706,®0K South Carolina, 748,810 Georgia, 1,005,0*0 Florida 238,990 Alabama, 998,848 Mississippi, 555?,8JQ Louisiana, 1,771,0(^4 Texas - Arkansas, 715,23S Tennessee, 650,094 eminent or tne in an. in these threo States? It wo State taxes of Virginia, Nc na, South Carolina, Geo Total $(1,5T»VW Think on these things, ponder on. them. They arc worthy of thought amlof remedy. CONGRESSIONAL. 12th.-The Post. Office Appropriation was so aine'niTOT in 'cho Homuw uulL* an appropriation of $500,000 for American built ships to carry tht- mttils to Brazil, the Argentine Repub lic, and other South American States,. The Post Muster General is authoriz ed to make contracts for building Un ships. The Anti-Polygamy bill was inadt- more stringent in the conference re quiring all persons to tukc the oaXb to obey the Edmunds Act. It applies to all persons who profess a belief iu Polygamy even though they do not practice it. Sixteen Texas witnesses for the out rage investigation, as it is- called, have arrived in Washington; mine oil them colored. Sixty witnesses in all are expected. The substitute appropriates 1.000,00©- of dollars to carry out the purposes- of the Centennial Anniversary of id** framing of the Constitution of the United States. The House decided to consider fch*- Trade Dollar bill. An amendment was offered and passed that the re coinage of trade dollars shall not b>e considered apart of tlie silver bullkxu required to lie purchased and eoiu«S under provision of the land law. Ax- passed, it provides in its first section that for a period of six months- after tlie passage of this act, trade dollars if not defaced, mutilated, or stamped,, shall be received at their face value in payment of all dues to tlie United States, and shall not again be paid out or in any other manner re-issued. They may be, during the above pe riod, if not mutilated, received ir* exchange at the Treasury or any sub-treasury, dollar for dollar for standard silver dollars, or subsidiary silver coins, at the option of tlie hold er. Messrs. Breckenridge, Mayberry and Reed, were appointed conferees on I Lie close of the mackerel fishing.— Adjourned. In tlie Senate, the bill to increase the Naval establishment was report ed back with amendments. The bill is yet to bo decided upon. There was ft long debate on the steamship bill for carrying mails to South America, Tlie amendment of Senator Morgarx, adding to the Senate amendment, oot- of the lines of steamships to carry the mails, provided for in this act, shall sail to and from o, seaport, of the G ull' of Mexico, or the Mississippi river, was agree to. The subsidy amend ment was then agreed to and the bill was passed. Marshal McMahon is growing- old. and a correspondent says that his straight-set form on tlie Arab steed from Algeria, where he first won his sword and spurs, which used to boors* of the features of the Bois de Bou logne on gala days, is no longer seerv