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THE UNION*RECORDER. MILLEDGEVILLE, CA, JUNE I, IIM
Nancy Hart Chapter D. A. R
and Georgia Bicentennial
r Start** ml MOMt^Ok mm4
B, MRS. J. L. BEESON,
TW MUaimarie* mmd Tit* Slate
In this the last history story (and
the hii'i ty stories of Milledgeville
are or y jaet begun) we will tell of
the imprisonment of two misxionariae
to the Cherokee Indians in
penitentiary, the site of which 1
a p rt of ,tbe pnuare Where
Georgia State College for Woe
Many dramatic stories there are
connected with both the Creek and
Cherokee Indians, but pood stories,
even, must come to an end.
Thanks are extended to the two
editors of The Union-Recorder for
their interest in our county history.
MilledceviUe surely held the spot
light of the stato sad ths nation for
It was here that Governor Troup
defied President. John Quincy Adams
in regard to the Treaty at Indian
Springs and earn* out victor. It was
here that the Governor wrote to the
President about Maj. Gen. Gaines
vho had been sent to Milledgeville
‘•Should he preqjme to infringe on
this order, I will send your Major
General by brevet, home to you in
chains.”
It was here that CoL John Cro
well, U. S. Agent for the Creek In
dians, came for his defense.
It was here that William H. Tor
rance of Milledgeville appeared as
course! for the Ormmisrioners of
the ,'ndian Springs Treaty. It was
here that the distinguished Thomas
I- McKenny catae, who as early as
1822 had written to Rev. Eli Baldwin
of New York, “I am totally deceived
if the policy we advocate,"—that of
a separate rountrv for the Indians
—“it not that alcne which can
them.”
It was here that Chilly McIntosh
mme on the day that his father and
another rheiftain wore murdered by
Creek Indians, to acquaint Gov.
Troup with the sad story.
It was here in the Mansion, that
Gov. Gilmer lived when he appoint
ed the Georgia Guard, and when the
missionaries arrived at the pentiten-
i nry. He gives the story in his
"Georgians".
It was here that John W. A. San
ford, Commander of the Georgia
Guard, lived, who ar *«ted the mis-
VKinaries and also 'John Howard
Payne, author of Home Sweet Home.
I ’ was here in the Mansion ,thst Wil-
"°n Lumpkin, Governor of Georgia,
lived, when he pardoned the two
missionaries. Samuel A. Worcerrer
—<1 Elisor Butler, who had served
months of their four year
tence, before they relented. H
two large volumes has written "The
Removal „f the chemkee i ndl „,
Irom <,eo„™ It „„ ^
™ T* "" h ”"' *"'1 «"jW
Indian laws, illustrating the truth of
* • “ yln * **■» "Oppression maketh
n wise man mad.”
Now to the story. The beginniag
'' T ***' far b »ck in 1785. by the
Treaty of Honewell th- Cherokee Na-
« n placed iteelf under the pro-
taction of the United States. Vnd
after that all treaties were made
with the Federal Government, each
time the exact boundary being fixed
«nd ths United States salemnly
guaranteeing the Cherokees .U land*
not therein ceded. So the Cherokee.
I~krf lo tt, p«l™i G.„™„
for justice.
But on April 24, 1802. Georgia
sold to the Federal Government for
81.250.000.00 her western land, out
of which the t
» great States Ala-
Lfua Ohd Mtairtwppi were made
witfc the promise that the United
States Government would extinguish
the titles to all Indian lands within
her bounds, as soon as it could be
done “peacefully and on reasonable
terms." So Georgia looked to the
Federal Governmnet for justice.
“In December 1827. a resolution
of the Georgia Legislature read
“That the policy Which had been
pursued by the United States
wards the Cherokee Indiana has not
been in g«rd faith toward# Georgia,
—that Georgia has ths right to
tend and 4o co+rtte obedience
them from all descriptions of peo
ple, white, red or black, who may
re.-ede in her limits.'
Bv an.Act of December 20. 1828.
the Legislature carried out this idea
-1acting that all white persona in
the Chertkee territory, should be
snbiect to the lawk of Georg-'* and
that after June 1, 1880, it would
apply to all Indians as well as white
men.
On December 22, 1830, an Actj
was made that all white persons re-
siding in Cherokee territory on
March 1, 1831, without a license
from the Governor or his agent,
should be guilty of a
and that the
four year*
penitentiary. Licenses would
given to a0 whites who would agree
to support and obey Georgia laws.
In the Chegckef: nation were pros
perous Indian 'Missions and
thejn were maintained by The Amer
ican Board of Coming- doners for
Foreign Minion*, with headquarters
at Boston. Moot of the missionaries
under this Ef:ord protested against
Georgia’s law* being extended over
the Cherokee torritrory and advised
the Indians not to emigrate. They
refused, on their own account to
take the oath of allegiance to Geor
g's laws and refurwd also to leave
the State.
Every cue of them was warned by
letter that the oath must be signed
and that if they refuted to leave
he State, arrests would follow.
Eleven missionaries were arrest-
-d. tried in -the Superior Court of
Gwinnette County, and sentenced
four years hard labor in the peniten
tiary at Milledgeville.
When they arrived at the gates of
the penitentiary the Governor sent
his vwn representative and alro the
Methodist minister of Milledgeville
to urge them not to enter the peni
tentiary, but to sign the oath to
cbey Georgia’s laws or go beyond
the krunda of the state. Nine of
them yielded to the plea but two-
of them, Worcester and Butler, be
cause they wished to make a teat
case before the SUprome Court, en
tered the penitentiary.
The Georgia Guard, its Comman
der excepted, on account of its hank
JLA.
Italy 22. 1933
I not only
of the Gospel
and vituperation at homo and abroad.
The oath that had to bo aubscrib
od to was: ‘I, — - do aolemnly
'wear (or affirm as ths ease may
l>e) that I will support and defend
the constitution and lawn of the
State of Georgia, and uprightly de
mean myself as a cltisen thereof, so
help me God.”
t writ of error was raued by the
Supreme Court Oct. 27, 1831.
On Dec. 26, 1881, the Georgia
Legislature resolved that the State
would not “in any way become a
>arty to any proceeding before the
Supreme Court having for their ob
ject a revisal or interference with
the decisions of the State ocurts in
:riminal matters.
Georgia ignored the mandate from
the Supreme Court and the two mis
sionaries remained in the peniten
tiary.
Seeing they had lost, they relent
ed. and wrote to Gov. Wilscn.
Lumpkin, who pardoned them.
Nothing ever stirred the country
more. Politics was no new game,
even then when Boston called a mass
meeting to protest against Georgia's
treatment of the Cherokees. The
Southern Recorder of Milledgeville
was quick to reply that Massa
chusetts, having exterminated her
own Indians, wished now to sit in
judgment upon Guorgia.
In the Gasetteer of Georgia by
Adiel •Sherwood, published 1887, it
was written about the missionaries:
“It was a matter of deep regret
to all f riends of religion in the State
that they should have persisted in
what was considered obrtinacy. At
the gate of the prison yard they were
met by one in the confidence cf the
Governor and begged to say that
•hey would leave the Cherokee coun
try and they would be released; but
no, they would not be advised.”
In the same Gaseteer, taken from
the Christian Index, it the five page
letter of Jesse Mercer, distlnguirh-
ed founder of Mercer University on
“The Imprisonment cf the Millen
aries to the Chv-rokeee." He says if
the ruling of the Supreme Court
should be “attempted to be enforced,
none neod be surprised should it
prove the sciswws that clips the
cord that binds our Union and the
pen that writes Ichabod on it for
ever"—and Jmee Mercer loved the
Union.
We of Georgia know of the exalt
ed character of Governors Gilmer
and Lumpkin and Rev. Jeaae Mercer.
Let as examine the reerrds of
Worcester and Butler.
They were men of fine education
ar.d each began his missionary la
bor at Brainerd, Tenn.
After leaving Georgia Mr. Wor
cester returned to Brainerd and Dr.
Butler went to Red Clay, Tenn., just
across the Georgia line Mr. Wor
cester had gone to New Echota bo
translate rome of the books of the
I .uppos. that I wy cUL to b. th. firat *»* ..
ud, caiTbut sold tbo. and fiaquontlr doliraMd thaa
Th. "drira i. not oft.n I bar. driwn oar. fro. Dotrolt
to towns in Ohio or Indiana or Michigan to aako daliYory.
£Tr. «ro no «ood road. 1. th... do*. .*> tb. p.opl. —« I
■ rnt . had nawar seen a Motor car before.
a, first roally onthuniaatio onatoaara wra Country
worn th, firat to r.alli. th. Tain, of d.psndabl. transportation
occasionally h.ar fro. .ow .1 the- firat rordns.ra.
I, had to loach local as.hH.loa ho. to car. for th.
1, ho-.- Ford Service began, which is no. found ov.ry.her. io th. world.
V. boli.vod fro. th. beginning that a «1. do., not «->!£*«
transaction .1th our ou.to.or - it create, upon ua an <
to ... that our customer's osr gives hi. service. Ford Colors kno.
their duty to the public in this respect.
I can say of Ford Dealers generally that they have been and are »en
of character and standing in their conaunltles. bust of thoa have
been with us .any years, which indicates that .a agree on basic
business principles. The Coapsny provides that the Mthod. used to S.U
th. Ford oar ar. coasistent with ths s.lf-r.speot of the Dealer,
who handle it.
Th. present Ford V-8 is th. peak of our 30 years experience.
«. have never .ad. a batter osr. Its sight-cylindsr engla. Is
powerful and ..noth running. Th. oar i. ad.itt.dl, very good looking
and has coafortable riding qualities. It 1. eoonoaicnl la
operation booaua. of advanced engine design and lo» car .eight.
It is th. faat.lt. rooaiest and nost po»erful oar «e have over built.
Bible into Cherokee after the inven
tion of the alphabet by Seqnoya,
Elisa Boudinot was the editor
published them. The fint five books
of the Bible, were published by Wor-,
cester in 1827, in the Missionary
Herald. He published the Cherokee
Hymn Book and i* supposed to be
tb* translator of the New Testament
in Cherokee, a copy of which i* in
the G. S. C. W. Library.
As he was cn his way West, a boat
i the Arkansas river sank and with
it w*»nt down a Cherokee Grammar
and A Cherokee Dictionary which
• in an advanced stage of prepa
ration.
After his arrival in the West he
published literature for both the
Cherokee and Creeks, dying April
20. 1869, having given 34 years of
his life as missionary to the Chero-
«*.
Dr. Butler was ordafined a
minister at Red Clay in 1838.
1840 he went to Park Hill in
Indian Terri ••cry where he died in
1857. Before he came a# a mission
ary to Rome, Ga., then called How-
era, (where the D. A. R- have mark
ed the grave of his wife) he served
ae a msisonary at Creek Path which
is Guntenville, Ala,
Both men will be accepted as
sionary heroes.
J. C IVEY
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