Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

See. 22. All persons having demands against <m? auch association,, .may. naiiitam -'acnotis agaihsfltte frteiidetit thereof; which suits or actions shall not abate by reason ot the death, resignation or removal trom ot fice ot such president, but may be continued and prosecuted to judgement against his suc cessor; anil all judgments and decrees obtain ed or rendered against such president for any debt or liability of such association, shall be : enforced only against the joint properly of ‘ the association, and which property shall he j liable to be taken and sold Py execution un der any such judgment or decree. Sec. 23. No shareholder of any such asso ciation shall be liable in his individual capa city for anv contract, debt, or engagement of such association, unless the articles ot associ- j ation by him signed shall have declared that l the shareholder shall be so liable. Sec. 24. It shall be lawful for such associ ation to purchase, hold and convey real es tate for the following purposes: 1. Such as shall be necessary for its imme diate accommodation in the convenient trans action of its business; or 2. Such as shall he mortgaged to it in good faith, by tvay of security for loans made by, or moneys due to, such association ; or 3. Such as shall he conveyed to it in satis faction of debts previously contracted in the course of its dealings; or 4. Such as it shall purchase at sales un der judgements, decrees or mortgages held by such association. The said association shall not purchase, hold or convey real estate in any other case, or for any other piir;<'Se; and all conveyan- ; ces of such real estate shall be made to the ‘ president, or such other officer as shall be in dicated lor that purpose in the articles of as sociation ; and which president or officer, and his successors, from time to time may sell, assign and convey the same, free from any claim thereon, against any of the shareholders, or any person claiming under them. Sec. 25. Upon the application of creditors or shareholders of any such association, whose debts or shares shall amount to one thousand dollars, and stating facts, verified by affidavit, the chancellor may, in hi3 discretion, order a strict examination to he made bv one of the masters of his court, of all the affairs of such association, for the purpose of ascertaining the safety of its investments, and the prudence of its management; and the result of every such examination, together with the opinion of the master and of the chancellor thereon, shall be published in such manner as the chancellor shall direct, who shall make such order in respect to the expenses of such ex amination and publication as he may deem proper. Sec. .26. Such association shall, on the first Monday’s of January, and July in every year, after having commenced the business of banking as prescribed by this act, make . out and transmit to the comptroller, in the firm to be provided by him, a full statement of; the a flairs ;nf the association, verified by the oaths of the president or cashier, which statements shail contain, - 1. The amount of the capital stock paid in occofdirig to the provisions of this act, or se cured to be paid : 2. .The value of the real estate of the asso ciation; specifying what portion is occupied by the association as necessary to the trans action of its business: 3. The shares of stock held by such asso ciation, whether absolutely or as collateral security; specifying each kind and descrip tion of stock, and the number and value of the shares of each: 4. The amount of debts due to the associ ation.; specifying such as are due from mo neyed or other corporations or associations ; and also specifying the amount secured by. bond and mortgage or judgment; and the’ amount which-ought to be included in the ■ computation of losses: 5. The amount of debts due by such asso ciation, specifying such as are. payable on demand, land such as are due to moneyed or other corporations or associations i . .. I 6.- The amount of claims against the as6o ciotjon.not acknowledged by it. as debts: f. The amount of notes, bills, or other evi dences of debt, issued bv such association: 8. The amount of the losses of the associ ation; specifying whether charged on its ca pital or profits, since its last preceding state ment, and of its dividends declared and made during the same period: 9. The average amount in each month during the preceding six months, of the debts due to and from the association, the average amount of specie possessed by the same du ring each month, and the amount of bills and notes issued by such association arid put in circulation as money, and outstanding against the association, on the first day of eacli of the preceding six months: 10. The average amount in each month during the preceding six months due to the association, from all the shareholders in the association, also the greatest amount due to the association in each of the said preceding six months, from all the shareholders in such association: It. The amount which the capital of the •aid association has been increased during the preceding six months, if there shall have been any increase of the said capital; and the names of any persons who may have be come parties to the said articles of association, or may have withdrawn therefrom since their last report. It shail be the duty of the comptroller to cause the statement required to be made by ibis section, to be published in a newspaper printed in the county where the place of bu siness of such association is situated, and in the State paper; the expense of which shall! be paid by such association. Sec- 27. If such association shall neglect to make out and transmit the statement required in the last preceding section, for one month beyond the period when the same is required to he made, or shall violate anv of the provis ions of this act, such association may be pro ceeded against and dissolved by the court of chancery, in the same manner as anv money ed corporation may be proceeded against and dissolved. Sec. 28. If anv portion of the original cap ita! of any such association shall he with drawn for any purpose whatever whilst any debts of the association remain unsatisfied, no dividends or profits on the shares of the cap ital stock ol the association shail thereafter be made until the deficit of capital shall have been made either hv subscription of the .share holders or out of the subsequently accruing profits of the association; and if it shall appear that any such dividends have been made, it shall be the duty of the chancellor to make the necessary orders and decrees for dosing the affairs of the association, and distributing its property and effects among its credit ors and shaieholders. Sec. 29. Such association shall be iiahie to pay the holder of every hill or note pul in cir culation as money, the payment of which I shall have l>een demanded and refused, da mages for non payment thereof, in lieu of in terest, at anti afier the rate of 14 per cent, per annum, from the time of such refusal un til the payment of such evidence of debt, and the damages thereon. Sec. SO. The President and Cashier of ; every association formed pursuant to the pro visions of this act, shall at a!! times keep a true and correct list of the names of the share holders of such association, and ‘shall file a copy of such list in the office of the clerk of the county where any office of such associa tion may be located, and also in the office of the comptroller, on’ the first Monday of Ja nuary and July in every-year. Sec. 31. It shall not be lawful for aa-v as sociation formed under the precisions of this V’k tc fpakfi any it* bills or •rwrtes'of ‘a /de nomination less than one thousand Uolktis, u> be pyt- in- <>iccy[ation as money, payable.*: Iny*otlicr p4ce.,rtHn at the office where the business of the association is carried on and conducted,! Sec, S3. The legislature may at any time alter or repeal this act. Sec. S3. No association of persons autho rised to carry on the business of banking un : der this act, shall at any time for the space of twenty days, have on “hand at their place of business, less than twelve and a half percent, in specie on the amount of the bills or notes in circulation as money. State of New York, ) Secretary’s office. ) This bill having been approved and signed by the Governor of this State, on the 18th day of April, 1839, I do hereby certify that the same became a law on that day. JOHN A. DIX, Secretary of State. From the New Orleans Commercial Bulletin. IMPORTANT FRt,M TEXAS. By the steam packet Columbia, Capl. Wright, thirty-seven hours from Galveston, we have copies of the Houston Telegraph to the 21 st inst. extracts from which will be tound in our columns. Congress met on the 9th inst. and was opened with an address by the Vice Presi dent, M. B. Lamar. President Houston was prevented, by severe indisposition, from mak ing his communication in person. The most important item which we can glean from the proceeilings is a resolution, in the Senate on the 17th, proposing to with draw, unconditionally, the petition lor annex ation to the United States. The petiti;>n was laid upon the table; but private letters received in this city by the Columbia, state that it subsequently passed that body. We trust that this rumor is unfounded. — We are loath to believe that the Texian Go vernment, or any branch of it, would act with so much precipitancy in a matter so import ant in its relations—affecting, either (or weal or woe, all the future history of that Republic. TEXIAN CONGRESS. ADJOURNED SESSION—SECOND SESSION. Houston, April 9, 18S8. The Hon. M. B. Lamar, President of the Senate,-addressed the body in a manner easy, eloquent, and impressive. Gentlemen ofthe Senate—ln greeting you on the resumption of your legislative duties, I am happy in having so many causes of con gratulation h> offer, and so few subjects of discontent to lay before you. We are in the enjoyment of undisturbed repose, and in the progress of the most” rapid advancement.— No enemy appears on our borders. Peace, plenty and prosperity pervade the land. Our citizens, industrious and orderly—yielding a ready obedience to"the laws, are quietly pur suing- their various avocations, gready to their individual- advantage, and equally conducive to the general welfare and national glory.— Amidst these r blessings, let us remember the grea t formtain of Benevolence from whom they flow, and ever bear in mind, that their continuance-must.depend upon fidelity to our country, and gratitudeto God. Recehtjy there‘have been; some manifesta tions of a disposition on the! part of the Mexi-‘ can government, to recommence-hostilities. Independently of the vessels of war which are supposed “to he hovering on our. coast, the President of JVlexico, in- his recent-annual, speech.to the National Congress, announces the progress of“tiishpfepara fions for another invasion of opr country. His views seem to be sanctioned And-sustained by that body; and were it not for the exhausted and dis tracted eonditioh of the .qounti-y, we might be ca.lledlaj^iP! ; the battle field, an insolent -foe, who seek* to rear upon our beau tfful plains, afT.ehdurihg monument of their desolation... J j !rest*-wi*h ; Congress to deter mine what degree of-imporfence ought to he attached ito IfWfe belligerent indications. It. is’ hot’ to call ydur. attention to any afate.tif pnlific-ldefhhce. That duty be kings to’ another department of government, -and-wiH-doabrless” be presented in due time; but I beg leave to. repeat what I have ex pressed on former occasions, that it is neither wise nor politic to place too great a reliance upon the imbecility of an. enemy ; it is far better tha-t the-nationaj safety should be based upon our own efficiency. Free from” foreign invasion, we are equally exempt from internal commotion. As yet we are strangers to those political broils and party feuds which prevail in other nations, to the prostration, of their energies and decay of their liberties. Commencing our national existence under the most favorably circum stances, we shall he able, in the administra tion of our affairs, to adopt the roost whole some and judicious policy. To realize the high aspirations of patriotism ; to raise our country to that proud eminence and distinc tion which she is capable of attaining, it is only necessary.that we lay. aside all selfish ness in our” legislature, and direct our views to the general rather than to individual in terests. We should remember, too, that evils are not remedied,, nor good produced, by mere multiplicity of laws; good government is the result of ihe most patient, dispassionate and thorough investigation. Among the various subjects that will press themselves upon your consideration, perhaps none will he of greater importance than the strengthening of our mi litary posts; the enlargement of our navv, and improvement o( our finances. If, in ad dition to these, weshall give protection to our frontier settlements, supply some deficencies in the laws regulating our public domain, establish amicable relations with the Indian trihes, and adopt a permanent and extended system of education, we shall have accom plished all that the present exigencies of the country require. In the progress of your deliberations, I i trust there will he nil that harmony and con ciliation so essential to prompt and efficient legislation, that the various questions of pnh lie policy which shall arise mavbe calmly dis cussed ; and that your measures, originating in the love of country, may he made to rest on the solid foundation of wisdom, justice and moderation. Witlr every confidence in your integrity, patiotism and ahilities.it will give me great pleasure to unite with you, as far as my offi cial station will permit, in whatever may lend to promote our happiness at home, and sus tain our character abroad. Frf>m the Texas Telegraph, April 21. Mr. F.veritt from the Committee on For eign Relations, submitted the following report and joint resolution. “ The Committee on Foreign Relations, having had under consideration the situation of the question of annexation, as it now exists between this government and the govern ment of the United States, deem it proper to submit the following preamble and resolution to the consideration of the Senate. Whereas, The proposition which has been made by the government of Texas for an nexation to the confederacy of the United States of America has been met bv that gov ernment with views and propositions very discouraging, presenting obstacles and diffi culties at present insurmountable, and invol ving the consequent postponement of any ac tion on the subject on its part to a period to he determined by, future contingencies—thus i leaving the people of Texas exposed in the i meanwhile to alt the trials incident to their t infant condition; nnil'whereas, a great,and i unhappy excitement is.tmw prevailing among j the people of the United States on the subject ! of slavery, which appears m he partially kept up-by the proposition-referred to—a .result ! mt .amtctfsfed •n’.'bi a ce-sg *o inn-r.eefii— Be it resolved by the Senate aud House of Representatives or the republic- of TexaVifi | Congress assembled, That the'-President be, and he is hereby instructed, to cause the pro position heretofore made by this government to the government of the United States, for the annexation of Texas, to be respectfully and unconditionally withdrawn, and thus in the most decisive manner, refer the people of Texas, for all the future good they may hope to receive or enjoy, of social security, to their own independent and manly energies. All of which is respect I ally submitted by your committee, with the hope of its speedy passage into a law. S. H EVERITT, Chairman. The report and resolution were read and laid on the table. From the Richmond Enquirer. THE ELECTIONS IN VIRGINIA. It is idle to despond; but we are beaten in Virginia—We have lost the House of Del egates. We still retain the Senate. Afier making every allowance for the exaggerated accounts which rumor has wafted to our ears; andafterthe most favorable estimates of all the remaining counties, we admit at once that the Whigs have carried the House bv at least 10 or 12 ma jority—perhaps from 12 to 16. They may even have as great a majority in the next House of Delegates, as we had in the last. They can already count up 48, and count ing Franklin, 50 Delegates which they have won, to 26 of our own. Allowing the counties which are to come in, to be the same as they were last year, and we should get about 37 Delegates to their 21.—This estimate would give them in the House 72—and the Republican party 63. But as some of the same causes may be fairly expected to operate upon the residuary coun ties, as have shed their malign influence up on the others, though not in the same propor tion, we ought to allow a heavier majority to the Whigs, than the above estimate ascribes to them. We would now cheerfully compro mise for a majority of 10 or 12. There will in all probability be no changes in the Senate against the Administration. Weshall make one gain. We dare not cal culate upon any more. We scarcely appre hend any tosses. The parties, when they are arrayed on their old party grounds, will probably stand as twenty-one to eleven.— Though, we may not have strengh enough, on joint ballot, to prevent the election of a Whig Senator to the Congress of the U. S.— yet the Senate is strong enough to checkmate the political manoeuvres of the Whigs in the House. “ No resolution can pass, to instruct Mr. Roane out of his seat--None can be carried in favor ofa Bank of the United Slates —From this galling shame at least the Old Dominion will be safe. We mean no to dis guise the truth—We wish to conceal no fact, however unpleasant to us; or to break off the force of the shock, by any sophistical glosses or puling complaints. We, therefore declare the following to be the state of the game— We have lost 2 Delegates in Albemarle—l most probably in Alleghany—l in Amelia—l rn Amherst—l in Brunswick—2 in Bucking ham—2 in Camphell-r-1 in Charles Gitv and New Kent—l in Culpepper—l in Fairfax—2 in Franklin—l in Frederick^-1 in G.reensviile —1 in Jefferson—l in Mecklenburg—l in Nelson—l in Powhatan—l in Rockbridge— -1 in Southampton—23. \ And we-have gained only Hpoe,-m King George—making 21 neli -loss against us—equal to 46 votes in the tale of the House.—This is bad et ongh"; and we should be satisfied to remain as we were in the residuary counties. But we can scarce ly dare to flatter ourselves with sitch a result. But who is dismayed and-downcast at such a catastrophe ? We confidently say, not we. We allow for the causes which have opera ted upon us—And if we'are wise, all will he well .a gain next Spring—with the- exception ohlythat we may lose a Senator of the’Uni ted States—and that one or two worthy, men may feel the consequences of the-Whig aspi rations for the spoils of office. , ‘ We tell the Whigs to make the most of their victory. They will not enjoy it long. The Republicans will meet them again at Phillippi—and under more advantageous cir cumstances than have attended Ihe recent campaign. Few parties have, ever gone into action, under more unfortunate auspices. The country is distressed; and the sole blame ofit has been laid at the door of the Admin istration. Our party has been never more distracted—torn to pieces in many counties— wrangling with each other—unwilling to co operate—and many of them would not go to the polls. We have fought amid suspensions and shinplasters—amid the discords of Sub- Treasuries and Conservatives. An extraordi nary apathy has pervaded many of of our counties.—ln several of them no organization —two or three candidates running against each other as if such competition would ri end the matter —whilst in one of the most Repub lican counties, not even a Republican can didate was in the field. There has probably never been so thin a turnout at the poljs, in Virginia—-The Whigs, like ali minorities are generally the most active—The day too very had; and the zeal of the party did not over come the inclemency of the weather. But there is a change coming upon us. The day of resumption of specie payments is probably at hand. The distresses of the people and the exhaustion of the Treasury will be speedily relieved. The Bank of the United States will attract more and more the attention of the people. The transactions of the Bank Convention and Mr. Biddle’s letter had not sufficient time to make that impres sion on the public mind, which they are so well calculated to produce. Before the next election can come upon us, the Democracy will be roused. Already the Whigs an- cry ing out in the fullness of their exultation.— That they must nominate Clay forthwith— Already they are declaring that they must, have a Bank of the United States—and that Mr. Biddle must be at Ihe head ofit. These movements cannot much longer be disguise J. Every day’s developements will contribute to j enlighten and arouse the People of Virginia. ! They will see, that the issue which we have jso earnestly announced to them, is the true | issue—Clay and the Bank, or Van Buren and ino Bank. And ujion such an issue, what Republican can hesitate for a single moment ? i For one, we say explicitly, that we are pre ; pared to sink or swim with Marlin Van Bu ! ren. The day of re-action will come soon. From this moment the pride of every Republican must be mused.—His principles must take up arms. A better organization will be intro duced. More Republican presses will he es tablished. We call upon our brethren to arouse and save the principles which the Old Dominion has so dearly cherished ; and for which she has been so highly celebrated among her sisters. There is no press in Pe tersburg, none in Danville, none in Lynch burg, nor in Ahingdon, nor in Kanawha, and the presses in the Northwest have felt the in fluence of those discords, which have affected our party in the Lowlands of Virginia. Our compatriot, Haines, must he called back to his post—and while we forbear to quaFrel up on the only question which has ever divided us, we will co-operate in the support of those common principles and. essential inter ests W’hich should bind together the Republi can party. We have fought together side by side, and we again offer him the right band of fellowship. . - All that we want is, harmony, and peace. Let -this finance qnestidn.be iut'se Hied at Washington.- --Again arkl again’ we~ say, “ Settle yourdjspute in^anajTfcable temper; anJ*march together agiunst ihe Money King,, who threatens .dictanon :to oiir. country.— Why *h<mH Messrs. VauTbiren and Rtves decline any longer a generous co-operation “ibnbiefpijitHti: service? Away with those sub ordinate-questions upon which they have re cently. differed ! Away with every feeling which-has separated them in the slightest de gree ! Their party, and what is more, their country, demands it at their hands. It is not too late to save us from a National Bank ; if we lay nil our differences of opinion upon the altar of our country.” Conciliate —compro- mise—unite, and rally together. Tell us not that you cannot compromise this question.— Has not our country been in more difficult straits that it is present —and has not a com promise always “smoothed down the raven wing of discord ?” The Constitution itself is avowedly founded on a spirit of compromise. The leading feature of the present Constitu tion of our own State is the spirit ol compro mise. We well remember the morning when we waited on-the virtuous Madison, and when the Convention was agitated hy the white and mixed Basis, anil many a heart was throbbing with apprehensions about the di vision ol the Old Dominion: “ Fear not (said the Patriarch) it will all he settled. I remem ber the same feeling pervaded the Federal j Convention. Many then talked of disun-! ion—hut as soon as it was seen that the ; ship was about to dash upon the breakers, every hand was piped upon the deck to save her Irojn siiipreck. It will be so now.” And it will be so at Washington, if our friends are statesman and patriots—and worthy of the station, to which ihey have i been eievated by the voice of the people. Let I all hands then pipe to deck. Adjust this vex atious question. All will he safe. What have Mr, Van Buren and Mr. Rives to ex pect from the Whigs ? Martrydom is their portion ; unless the Republicans stand togeth er. The Whigs of Rockbridge have not even spared McDowell--the able and elo quent champion of the essential interests of Internal Improvements—whom else will they spare,when they have their own party feelings to indulge; and their own political favorites to advance ? For ourselves, we have never gone into nnv contest with a.more buoyant spirit, than in the one we are about to enter. We have done with complaints, if ever we made any. We will avoid crimination and re-crimination. We will cherish harmony. We will unite heart and hand, with every Democrat, who will assist in saving the Republic. We will forbear all aggravation, all offence, all wrang ling and bickering with our political friends. We will not.dispute about the causes of the disease. We will unite with all in making and applying the remedy. If this spirit he gene rally cultivated the victory is outs ; and Vir ginia wi|i again be wrested, at the next Spring election, out of the hands of the Whigs. From the Charleston Courier. - . Washington, April 30. ■ :: IN SENATE. Mr. Clay, of Kentucky, presented a memo rial, from a number of individuals, praying that there may :he an arbitration for the ad justment of the-difficulties between the United States and Mexico, and for the establishment of an International Congress to prevent war. It was ordered to be printed. Mr. Clay rose to put an inquiry to the chairman of the committee on Finance. Some banks, hesaid v had already commenced spe cie payment.::. It was a good example, and he hoped it would be. imitated. He wished to know \vhether there was any intention on the part of'the committee to bring forward any measure to aid, strengthen and encourage the hanks. If there was an intention to remain still—to do nothing—it may become my duty (said Mr. Clay), to present a measure. Mr. Wright said there was no measure of the character alluded to before the committee on Finance. \ . , ! Mr. Clay-then said, that being the case, he would offer a joint resolution. It whs read, and is; in substance, as follows:—That no distinction shall be-made as to. the medium of payments in the -different branches of the public revenue oc,of the debts of the Govern ment; and that notes of all specie paying banks, shall under suitable regulations, be re ceived.jn payment ofthe public revenue, and of debts and dues of Government, and shall also he disbursed, to all who may be willing to receive them. Mr. Grundy Suggested to Mr. Clay, whe ther it would not he well to restrict the reso lution to the banks in the vicinity of the pla ces where the notes are to be received and paid out. Mr. Clay said that was a matter of detail to come up, when the resolution shall he received, li onlyrequirea that the notes shall be receiv ed, under such suitable regulations, as may be promulgated by the secretary ofthe Treas ury. The resolution was then ordered for a se cond reading. The bill to grant to States and incorpora ted companies, engaged in the construction’nf roads and canals, the right of way through the public lands, was taken up, and after a brief conversation was ordered to be engros sed and read a third time. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr. Grennel made an urgent appeal to the House on the propriety of taking up and pas sing the Senate bill relative to the explosion of steam boilers. He thought the recent la mentable occurrence at Cincinnati a sufficient argument to pass a bill, which would effectu ally check such accidents in future. After a desultory debate, the House refused to con sider if. A resolution was adopted, calling upon the President to furnish additional infor mation as to the number of foreign paupers now in the United States. The special order was then called up, being the report of the select committee, appointed to investigate the late duel. Mr. Menifee resumed his remarks from Saturday, and adverted to a number of pre cedents to show that the course adopted by the committee was irregular. Mr. Pickens, after some remarks on the condition of the Treasury, moved to lay the whole subject ,on the table. Messrs. Graves and Wise most strenuous ly urged Mr. P. to withdraw his motion, as they wished to address the House in their de fence. But Mr. P. would not comply. He said his sense of duty to the public compelled him to refus^,-as the debate would go on to the end of the session, to the destruction of ail public business. After a call of the House, the ayes and noes were ordered and the mot'on to lav on Ihe table, pending which, Mr. Wise declared it of no use 1o lav it on the table, as he would demand, as a matter of privilege, his right to be heard in his own defence. The motion was negatived. Ayes 29, Noes 167. The question then recurred on the motion to print and postpone. Mr. Adams then took the floor and replied to some remarks, made by Mr. Toucey, on Saturday. He denounced the report of the committee as partial, and ol a party charac ter throughoi t, referring to some words, used by Mr. Toucey, to the effect that the hands of one member were stained with another’s blood. Mr. Adams asked him to examine the hands of the “ illustrious chief,” whom he, Mr. T. had served so faithfully. Mr. A. was called to order. He then condemned the re port as unfair, and-gave notice that at a pro per time he would move to recommit it. Mr. Cushing called for a division of the question. Messrs. Wise and Graves then addressed the House, protested against the whole prtieee dings as irregular, required that the Commit tee should report on th efacts only, ard that thev should then have a fair trial before the ■ House. The question was then taken on the motion to postpone, and lost. Ayes S3, Noes ’ 109... . - • - The until the mail closed* Without the question being taker. . SENTINEL & HERALD. COLUMBUS, MAY 10, 1839. TO OUR PATRONS. The great trouble ar.d expense attendant upon the effort to collect out-standing debts due this office, has induced us to adopt the following rules, from which we shall in no case deviat *: 1. From and after this day, no subscrip tions will be received out of the city, unless paid in advance or a city reference given, unless the name be forwarded by an agent. 2. Subscribers residing out of the State, will find their accounts enclosed in this day’s paper; and are hereby notified, that if Hiey fail to remit the money by the first of July, their names will be stricken from our sub scription list. 3. From and after this day, all persons living out of the city, except Sheriffs, Clerks of Courts, and Post Masters, sending adver tisements for insertion in this paper, must re fer to some person living in the city, who will become responsible for the amount, or such advertisements will not be published. April 19 1838. THE MAILS. That department of the general govern ment which controls and regulates the differ ent mail routes throughout the United States, is one of great importance to “ the people,” and should be conducted with the utmost precision, energy and fidelity. The varied information which is destined to traverse the country in every direction, is of vast interest and importance to the people, particularly in the present posture of affairs; —each rran is more or less interested for himself; and even those who have no personal involvemenl,are nevertheless, deeply concerned for the weal or woof their friends. How are they to ob tain the wished-for information ? Certainly through the medium of a mail communication. Newspapers are the valuable and convenient vehicles through and from which this intel -1 ligence is sought and found ; and these papers must he transmitted by mail. How impor tant then that the mails should be carried with regularity ; and how necessary that the Post Master General should be strict and impartial in appointing such men, and such only, to control the different Post Offices throughout the country, as will attend rigidly and punctually ro the discharge of their du- ties, and who will feel that they have some little of character at slake in the discharge of their functions. We presume to say, that the worst poss'ble management is connected with the Post Offices on the various routes leading through the interior of the State of Georgia. If an individual resides fifty or an hundred miles from Columbus, and wishes to send or receive a letter, or newspaper from his friend, it were far better for him <o come in person and attend to his business, than to depend upon the mails! To show the great uncertainty connected with the mails, and shameful neglect practised on the part of lazy and dishonest Post Masters , we will here copy from a letter received from a friend and patron of ours, who writes from Possville, Walker county, in this State, in relation to the non-receipt of our paper at that place: “We are well pleased with your paper, and would be fond to patronize it, but the manner in which it reaches us is insufferable. From about the Ist Nov. last, until some time in March, we received but one No. of your paper, ard concluded that the paper had “ suspended” entirely, until I received your favor of the “ 18th Dec.” and which came to hand the 28th March. I learned sometime in February that a quantity of packages des tined West of Rome, Floyd Cos. were de tained at that place, in consequence of the failure of the contracter of the route between Rome and Spring Place to carry the mail. About the last of March the route between Rome and Lafayette, Ga., was put into op eration, and by which I received a number of packets of letters and papers from Columbus, including some 6 or 8 Nos. of your paper. Since then I have been receiving from one to three numbers in a mail, and then for a week or two, I would get none. Several numbers have never come on.—Some 4 or 5 weeks since, your paper reached this office by way of the Miens , Tennessee , mail. They pro bably travelled something like 100 miles in Tennessee on their way from Columbus here!!! None were received last mail.” The most miserable arrangement exists between this place and Florida. The St. Joseph Times says, that not more than one out of four of the Columbus papers is received at that place, and we can with truth say the same thing with regard to that print! When the mail pretends to run at all, from this place to Florida, it is usually about fifteen days travelling to Apalachicola and St. Jo seph, and not unfrequenlly packages mailed here never reach either of those places!— These are serious evils, and of which we have ] before complained, and think w ? have a right j 1 to complain as much as we please, and of j | which we will complain long and loud, until j ! our grievance is redressed, and the evrl com | plained of remedied. By these frequent ’ failures in the mails our feelings are harassed and our interests injured ; and we call upon the Post Master General to know why it is that there is so much neglect existing? Does the fault have its origin at his office at Wash ington City, or does it exist with Post Offices on the different routes through the country ? however the case may be, it is the business of the general Post Office to ferret out the evil and have it remedied without delay. We prin lers are hard working folks, and onr interests i must he protected bv the government. The true end and object of all good government is the protection of the l ights and interests ot j | the citizen, and when it fails so to protect it i j is unworthy of the trust reposed in it, and the people become the sufferers. The New York Times, a half grown Con servative paper, heads an article with this [foolish query: “The result in Baltimore will they heed it?” To be sure they will: and the election in IS4O will shew that they have taken good heed to their ways, and have rectified thetr past errors. These “catch as catch can” elections are no test of the strength of parties. He who could write such books as “Swallow Barn ’ and Horse Shoe Robinson,” must certainly have a great number of personal and literary friends : and beside, who does not know that John P. Kennedy is a man u formed in friendship s finest mould?” Bennett says,, “alas! poor Van Buren! Old Jim Gordon should rceolleer that’ shot hi arrow at the stars. /TIIE theatre. This establishment, under the management of Mr. Hart, opened on Monday evening, to a full house. The play was the “ Maid of Munster”—the parts were well sustained, and the whole went off'with good success. The Theatre has been much improved, and espe cially the scenery, which, under the skilful pencil of Mr. C. L Smith, has been wrought up to beauty and almost perfection in that line. The Theatre is highly acceptable at this period : Hart and Bailey make us laugh, and a good hearty laugh is worth money in these panic times—these days of Sheriffs) Constables, and writs. Oh ! what a relief to forget the cares of life, and take a full, rich laugh under the influence of a good comedy. Hart is the best comedian, and especially in the “old man” line, we have in this country. Bailey is always “ full of fun and frolic.” — Carter is worth his weight in ice, to say “ I’ll tell you what it is;” and Mr. Young, as the representative of legitimate tragedy, never fails to please; while Mr. Clark fills all his appointed places with chaste and appropriate acting; and as for the ladies, such is their personal recommendation, and so “isible are their improvements at each returning season, that we feel, in attempting to speak their praise, we only subject ourselves So criticism and ridicule. Mrs. Carter is our old favorite, always personating nature; Mrs. Baily has greatly improved, both in personal appear” ance and in her profession, and Mrs. Hart fully sustained herself on Monday evening, as (he favorite of Columbus. We thought her action, gesture, look, voice, walk, were all sweeter and more impressive ihan ever be fore; her Kate O'Brien lias not been excelled on our boards. Then came the pretty little spring-bird Miss Meadows; and she came dancing be fore her audience, radiant, with the light of beauty and the smile of innocence. She warbled like a songster of the grove, an 1 danced like a spirit from fairy land. The multiplicity of her attractions Hung a wizard charm around the hearts of our young beaux, and are likely to bring about that result so much desired, the resumption of specie pay ments, as we heard a bank officer say on coming out of the Theatre, that he would give any gentleman silver for papier who wished to cast it at the feet of the youthful actress, as he would cheerfully do his heart. In very truth, Miss Meadows presents to our good citizens a most beautiful and interesting attraction. Maids and matrons, sons and sires, all should see her; her acting is chaste, her singing is sweet, and her dancing light and airy as the bounding of the fawn. We have thus canvassed the whole com pany in terms of praise, for we are glad to see them amongst us once more; but le* them not think that we have hushed the voice of censure and thrown aside the pen of criticism. No—we shall mete out to them their just and full deserts. We understand from the agent of the Georgia Insurance and Trust Company, of Augusta, that the loss sustained by this insti tution by the “great fire” at Charleston, do*s not exceed thirty thousand dollars. UNION CONGRESSIONAL TICKET. We learn by letters received from Milledge ville, that the Union Convention met in the Hall of Representatives on Monday last, when there were present one hundred and eighty delegates, from seventy-six counties. On ballot, the following gentlemen were elected as candidates for the next Congressional can vass, to be supported by the Union Demo cratic party of Georgia. Robert W. Pooler, of Chatham. Josiah S. Patterson, of Early. Alfred Iverson, of Muscogee. David Campbell, of Bibb. Hiram Warner, of Meriwether. Junius Hillyer, of Clark. Charles H. Nelson, of Cherokee. B. Graves, of Newton. Dr. McWhorter, of Richmond. We like the ticket ; it is a strong one, both in point of talents and personal popularity ; and we doubt nol but they will prove “fleet ones” in the great political race to be run in October, and win a clear and entire field. Miss Meadows appears to-night as “ Li sette,” in the beautiful drama called the “ Swiss Cottage.” To-morrow night we understand to be her last appearance. The Chattahoochee boys will certainly not allow the pretty maid of the drama to make her last curtesy without a “benefit,” as profitable to her, as pleasurable to themselves. FIRST OF MAY IN NEW YORK. Six beautiful vessels left New York at 11 o’clock, on the morning of the first of May; this is the way to “go a Maying.” The Sirius steam ship, for London; she being named after a constellation, the skies will be propitious; she will have a prosperous voyage: the St. James, packet ship, for London ; a magnetic attraction from across the water vvil* draw her home on the “ wings of the wind the packet ships Hibernia, North America and Addons, for Liverpool; these all will be accompanied by music, sheltered by the wings oFthe eag.'e, and charmed by the tragic muse. Oh! for a passage across the briny deep. One other called.the Utica: all ctowded with passengers, going chiefly to attend the coro nation of England’s maiden Queen. We should greatly prefer ti> attend that corona tion, to the Superior Court of Muscogee county now ir. session. Literary.— The sequel to Ernest Maltra vers, entitled Alice, or the Mysteries, hv Bul wer, is published. We notice that the work has been received in Savannah. It will be ante-dated , antiquated , and obsolete, by the time it arrives in our city ; just so far are we behind the spirit of literature which marks the age. “ So sxciftlrj glides the bonny boat .”—The late Ragatta which came off at Savannah was a beautiful exhibition of the skill and power of man, both physical and mental. The distance run was one mile, which was performed with tide, in six minutes and for ty-five seconds. The Augusta papers state that Gen. Scott passed through that city on his way to head quarters in the Cherokee country. Gen. Jesup, we presume,has gone to take tea with. Mr?, Blair. Bolt offices well fitted. Old Virginia has caved. Ritchie lameftf a over the past, but exults in looking at the future. Ah! most worthy father, thy wail ings come too late—the great Prophet of politics have mercy upon thee! Not all the blood of all the beasts in the Old Dominion*’ can wash away the sin of Conservativeism— Rives-madness and Ritchie-folly. The weather here for the week past has been cold enough for a fire! Old Boston is growing too familiar—“ Keep your own side of the platter, grey-coat.” Hard Times.—Cucumbers sold in New York a fortnight since, at fifty cents apiece f The New Yorkers are extravagantly clever. Prentiss and Word are elected to Congress in Mississippi. The Whig Hallelus are ma king the western wilds to resound. JOHN C. CALHOUN. At a recent large dinner in memory of the illustrious Jefferson, given at Clairsville, Ohio, the following admirable letter was received and read. It is a perfect sample of the great powers of Mr. C’s mind to condense thought and argument: TVashisgto.v, April, 1838. Gentlemen: I received yesterday your in vitation to participate in flu* celebration of the b rth-dny of Thomas Jefferson, in conv memmoration of the great principles to which his life was devoted. The great distance and my official duties have prevented my accept aace of your invitation. I rejoice so see a recurrence of those grear and fundamental principles of our Govern ment, which are personified in Mr. and which it is the object of your celebration* of his birth-day to commemorate. There never was a period in our history, in which it was so important to revive and impress them 1 deeply on the memory and hearts of onr peo ple. It is in vain to disguise it, that we arc in the midst of a mighty conflict, on tlxr result of which the triumph, or the final and complete overthrow of those principles arr involved. The union of the political a - nd money power would be their death, and* the separation their life and triumph. Ik is at union far more fatal to free ami popular in stitutions. than that of Church ami Stale, which is so carefully guarded against in the Constitution. Nothing short of an entire se paration, now and forever, can prevent a complete ievolution in our political institu tions, and the property of the country. To this fatal union may he traced in a great measure, the departure of the Govern ment from the true principles of the Constitu tion, as held by the State Rights party, and Mr. Jefferson, as its founder and head. It added the mighty influence anil weight of the whole banking system of the country to the side of the National Consolidation party, which has given, in lire long run, almost am entire ascendancy to tlreir principles and poli cy. We are now, and have been for years, tasting the bitter fruits of this ascendancy, in the distraction, discord, and conflicts, which have marked our political history since 1825 p in the excess of a vast and overflowing reve nue beyond the most extravagant wants of the government, and the consequent increase of the central pmver and patronage, of pro fuse and wasteful expenditures, of vast an<F c irrupting surpluses, debasing the public ami private morals of the community, and spread ing the spirit of lawless speculation far and wide; all of which, with their combined influ-- i*nce, caused the present ilep'brnble state of flyings— t*F si people plunged deeply in debt without anv fixed standard of value, and at he mercy of institutions, which, while they rt fise to pay their own debts, may enforce at? pleasure their demands against their debfftrv. Such has been the disastrous result of tins’ union. The struggle now is on one side, to teirmi-’ nate this fatal union; and; on the other, to perpetuate it, under the plausible pretext of regulating the currency and’ exchanges’ of the country. This is the mere exferittr, sur face view, which can only deceive those who never look beneath. They are as nothing* compared with the great principles which lie at the bottom. It is far more a political, titan’ a commerc al or money question. Let the union be renewed, it matters not whether with a league of State hanks, or a National hank, —let the money and political power be once more wedded, and there will he an end of Slate rights. The great principles, which you have united to celebrate, will be forever prostrated, and this Government will absorb the whole powers of the system, and the States will sink to dependent and petty cor porations ; and then we may hid a final adieu to our free and popular institutions. But on the other hand, should we succeed in termi nating eflectually and finally ibis fatal union, all this will he avoided. For our Govern ment will take anew and prosperous start, which, with our past experience, and under the guidance of wisdom and moderation would, I trust, perpetuate cur Union and in stitutions to the latest generation, and realize the fondest hopes of their founders. In Con clusion, I offer the following sentiment: The present crisis. —Let the watchword of every Republican be, Thomas Jefferson and ’9B ; and a final and complete s pararmn t! e political and money power, note and fhr* ever. Wilt great respect, Tam. &c. J. C. CALHOUN. From the Apalachicola Gazette.. THE STRAIGHT CHANNEL. By a reference to our shipping list it wilt be seen that the Brig Enterprize, Captnii* Holmes, from Charleston, arrived this day. We notice this arrival, from the fact that she is the first vessel of ten feet draught, (the depth of the channel at ordinary tide,) that has reached our wharves. Among the improvements daily taking place for the advancement of the prosperity of our city, there is none which will. he. at tended with more important results than tha excavation of the straight channel in our bay.. Nor is it of greater consequence to Apalachi ! cola, as the grand emporium of the trade of’ | this part of the country, than to the regions along the course of the rivers of which it is the outlet. Until this valuable work haff reached its present progress towards comple tion, it was rare that the winds and tides con curred so favorably as to admit of either the uninterrupted arrival or departure from our wharves, of vessels drawing more than eight feet By the practical skill, industry, and per ■ severence of our fellow-citizen, Capt. Hurd, I we have this new channel opened ihrough ’ our bay, lessening the navigation to and front i>e ocean, the distance of five miles, and af fording a depth of water fully equal to the wants of by far the greater number of ves sels trading to the Gulf of Mexico. And to day, to prove beyond the shadow of a doubt its practicality and usefulness, we find the brig Enterprise—a large vessel of her class—- under ordinarily favorable circumstances of wind and tide, passing through it uninter ruptedly to our wharves. - . The deepening of this channel, while it has been a work of no ordinary magnitude, speaks loudly in favor o* the perseverance and energy of the Engineer by whom it w*as accomplished. By reducing the distance to the ocean, making our port accessible, and of course lessening the time and expense of navigating our hay,” it has cot'(erred ad-;- vanjages of the highest ..imp<]£j;ya>'^, , o -the welfare of this part of the country,*